CHRISTIANTO V, SMARANDACHE F
003388 CHRISTIANTO V, SMARANDACHE F (Malang Institute of Agriculture, Malang, Indonesia, Email: victorchristianto@gmail.com) : Remark on neutrosophy perspective on blue ocean shift. Bio Sci Res Bull 2021, Vol 37 (1), 1 - 3.
In recent years, there is an alternative scheme in corporate strategy discourse, called Blue Ocean (shift) Strategy by W. Chan Kim and R. Mauborgne (2004). In this paper we offer a new insight based on Neutrosophic Logic perspective, which combines red ocean and blue ocean, while a company moves forward and shift to blue ocean space.
1 table, 6 ref
KORI K, NIGAM R K, VERMA D B
003351 KORI K, NIGAM R K, VERMA D B (Technocrats Institute of Technology & Science, Bhopal, Email: kamleshkori45@gmail.com) : Survey on digital platform malicious bot detection techniques and features. Curr Trends Biotechnol Pharm 2021, Vol X (III), 989 - 92.
Digital platform dependency of today era attract promoters to brand product services. So unwanted posting was done by some programs known as a bot. Several researchers have proposed different techniques to identify these bots, which was a post by bot programs. The paper has briefed some of the techniques proposed by the researcher to differentiate human and machine behaviour on social sites. Social site features set also listed in the paper directly or indirectly identify the artificial user (BOT). Recent researcher methodologies were also summarized in this paper.
1 illus, 1 table, 18 ref
KUSHWAHA A L, SINGH D K
003350 KUSHWAHA A L, SINGH D K (Digital Communication Dep, Swami Vivekanand Coll of Science & Technology, Bhopal) : Enhancement performance static random access memory cell using switching concept. Curr Trends Biotechnol Pharm 2021, Vol X (II), 983 - 8.
Enhancement performance static random access memory cell using a switching concept. This field research paper investigates the plan and examination of Static Random-Access recollections (SRAMs) that enhance postponement and power. CMOS SRAM cell eats up extraordinarily less power and has less scrutinise and create time. Higher cell proportions will diminish the peruse and compose time and improve soundness. PMOS semiconductor device with fewer dimensions reduces power consumption. During this paper, 6T SRAM cell is implemented with reduced power, and performance is nice according to read and write time, delay and power consumption. It's been seen regularly that expanded memory ability will build the cycle line parasitic capacitance that progressively hinders voltage detecting. To keep away from this disadvantage, utilise streamlined scaling methods, and the sky is the limit from there, improve the execution of the look. Memories are a core neighbourhood of most electronic systems. Performance in terms of speed and power dissipation is the main concern in today's memory technology. Read stability is one of the foremost important factors for designing an efficient SRAM cell. This exploration presents inside and out comprehension of the 6T-SRAM cell's usefulness and relative execution study of the bit-cell under three different technologies. Measures are taken to mitigate the effect of a drastic reduction in the read-static-noise margin at 16nm CMOS technology by implementing the 9TSRAM structure. To plan an SRAM cell, inside the current exploration, read and hold security are mulled over. At that point, static commotion edges are assessed for hold and peruse activities by fastidiously choosing the cell-boundaries. The cell proportion has profoundly affected the operation of the memory cell. Temperature dependence is additionally analysed for 6T and 9T cell at 16nm technology. During this paper, SRAM cells supported 6T, 9Tand 8T configurations are compared on the idea of performance for reading and write operations during this paper, totally extraordinary static arbitrary access memory is planned so on fulfil low power, highperformance circuit and also the extensive survey on options of assorted static random-access memory (SRAM) designs were reported. Proposed static random-access memory supported switching concept PSBSC is designing a coffee power SRAM cell structure with optimum write access power.
7 illus, 17 ref
WANG Z
000190 WANG Z (Nanoscience and Technology Dep, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China, Email: z14ho.wang@gmail.com) : The effect of zno nanoparticles on the color change of polyester. Orient J Chem 2021, 37(1), 235-9.
In this study, the effect of adding zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) on the general color change and transparent adhesion strength of polyester folds was studied in wood (Ulmus glabra). Zinc oxide nanoparticles with concentrations of 0, 0.22, 0.20,1, 1.20 and 2% of coating weight were combined. In a study about adherence resistance of coating the results showed that the highest adhesion in nano coatings contained 1% nanoparticles of zinc oxide, and adding more than this had a negative effect on the adhesion of coating. In the case of general color change, the addition of zinc oxide nanoparticles is also caused a change in the color of samples coated with nanoparticles. However, in small amounts of nanoparticles, color changes were made and the brightness reduction was not significant.
1 illus, 9 ref
VINAYAK G, PRAVEEN N
003061 VINAYAK G, PRAVEEN N ( Life Sciences Dep, CHRIST, Bengaluru - 560 029, Email: praveen.n@christuniversity.in) : Variations in andrographolide content, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of leaves of andrographis paniculata (L.) nees collected from different locations of Southern India. Asian J. Chem 2021, 33 (2), 399 - 403.
In present study, the samples collected from different locations of Southern India viz., Yellapur Beltargadde, Siddapur, Joida, Ankola, Sirsi Kangod, Yellapur Shalabail, Sirsi Bairumbe, Karwar of Karnataka and Kasaragod from Kerala were analyzed for the andrographolide content, total phenolic and flavonoid content and screened for their antioxidant potential. The A. paniculata leaves were extracted with three different solvents (chloroform, methanol and water) and methanolic extract of Siddapur showed highest (8.82 ± 0.25 mg/g DW) amount of phenolic content whereas, aqueous extract of Ankola (3.00 ± 1.18 mg/g DW) showed the least amount. Chloroform extract of Yellapur Beltargadde village showed highest quantity i.e. 1.87 ± 0.50 mg/g DW of flavonoid content and aqueous extract of Yellapur Beltargadde showed 0.30 ± 0.20 mg/g DW which was least among all the tested samples. The sample collected from Karwar was found to have highest andrographolide content (9.36 ± 0.02 mg/g DW) followed by Yellapur Beltargadde sample with 7.29 ± 0.01 mg/g DW and Sirsi Kasaragod has the lowest contents of 1.54 ± 0.1 mg/g DW when analyzed through HPLC. Among the nine locations, methanol extract from Joida showed highest percentage of scavenging activity (91.95%) followed by methanol extract of Ankola (90.42%) and chloroform extract of Siddapur (77.31%) which was the lowest value of all samples tested.
3 illus, 3 tables, 34 ref
CHOWDHURY H, ADHIKARY C
003054 CHOWDHURY H, ADHIKARY C (Education Dep, The Univ of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan - 713 104, Email: cadhikary123@gmail.com) : Syntheses, structures, magnetic properties and antibacterial activities of two copper(II) Azido complexes with varied nuclearities containing symmetrical 1,3-diammine as chelator. Asian J. Chem 2021, 33 (2), 359 - 66.
Two copper(II) azido complexes of the types mononuclear [Cu(TMEDA)2(N3)2] (1) and dinuclear [Cu(TMEDA)(µ1,1-N3)(N3)]2 (2) [TMEDA = trimethylenediamine; N3 – = azide ion] have been synthesized and characterized. X-ray structural analysis revealed that each copper(II) center in complex 1 adopts a distorted octahedron geometry with a CuN6 chromophore ligated through four N atoms of two different symmetrical TMEDA ligands as bidentate chelator and two N atoms of two terminal azides. In complex 2, each copper(II) center adopts a distorted square pyramidal geometry with a CuN5 chromophore ligated through two N atoms of TMEDA as bidentate chelator and two N atoms of two different azides as µ1,1-N3 bridging mode and one N atom of terminal azide ion. The two copper centers are connected through double µ1,1-N3 bridges affording a dinuclear structure with Cu···Cu separation 3.327(2) Å. In crystalline state, mononuclear units in complex 1 are associated through intermolecular N-H···N and C-H···N hydrogen bonds to form a 2D sheet structure viewed along crystallographic b-axis, whereas dinuclear entities in complex 2 are propagated through intermolecular N-H···N and C-H···N hydrogen bonds to form a 3D network structure viewed along crystallographic a-axis. The Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility measurement evidenced a dominant antiferromagnetic interaction between the metal centers through µ1,1-azide bridges in complex 2 with J = − 0.40 cm-1. The antibacterial activities of the complexes have also been studied.
6 illus, 4 tables, 42 ref
SHARMA S, AHMED B, UPADHYAYA M, BEZBARUAH M J, ALI I, BEZBARUAH B
003051 SHARMA S, AHMED B, UPADHYAYA M, BEZBARUAH M J, ALI I, BEZBARUAH B (Applied Sciences Dep, Gauhati Univ, Guwahati - 781 014, Email: bipulbezbaruah@gmail.com) : ab initio Study on the π-π Stacking and halogen interaction in chlorobenzene systems in comparison to chloro substituted ethenes. Asian J. Chem 2021, 33 (2), 338 - 44.
This study emphasizes on the π-π stacking and halogen interaction among chlorobenzene in comparison to the interactions in chloro substituted ethene systems. Studies of the stacked chlorobenzene systems, reveal that the π-π stacking interactions energy of the staggered conformation (dihedral angle 120º) gives much more stable stacked model than that of others. We have also studied the variation of π-π stacking interaction in chloro substituted ethene systems (monochloroethene, dichloroethene, trichloroethene and tetrachloroethene) to compare the change in interaction energy values. Among all the chloro substituted ethene systems, stacked tetrachloroethene monomer gives more stable conformation with more negative interaction energy value.
7 illus, 4 tables, 31 ref
ISLOMOVA Z
044088 ISLOMOVA Z (Uzbekistan Univ of Oriental Languages, Uzbekistan) : Cleanness and purity of Muslim woman’s heart soul and home traditions. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2020, 7(1), 136-7.
Since ancient times females usually had strong belief and trust to cleanness. Their eyes meant to see beauty and challenges of the Life. For example, green-eyed females are thought to be blessed by heaven with the purity of Ocean and Sky. The greenness of their eyes symbolizes green life, beauty of ocean under water that is green. For these reason, the newborn girl is given a symbolic item that saves her during her life. They told it NAZAR. The symbolic item is hang into her clothes or cap that she wears. They believe that this symbolic item keeps her from unhappy conditions during each steps of her life.
4 illus, 3 ref
AGWU C
044087 AGWU C (Curriculum Studies and Educational Technology Faculty of Education Dep, Port Harcourt Univ, Nigeria) : Audio-visual to textual account of the child nurturing and education practices of Mrs Janet Okocha. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2020, 7(1), 131-5.
This study analysed the customary child nurturing and education system as practiced in the Ikwerre ethnic nation of Nigeria by Mrs Janet Okocha. The researcher adopted the ethnographic approach by generating a decade of video data captured during story based songs and dance oriented child education moments of Mrs Janet Okocha while living her normal life. An analysis of the video data indicates an emphasis on emotional facilitation of learning as well as the constructivist approach. This is evidenced in the use of songs that convey the content of the lesson as well as artistic dance steps and gestures that make the lesson memorable while retaining the attention of the learners. It is recommended that worthy traditional values and child nurturing practices be revived and integrated into the Nigerian educational system.
7 illus, 11 ref
OWUSU D , XIN W , COBBOLD E Y
044085 OWUSU D , XIN W , COBBOLD E Y (Jiangsu Univ, Zhenjiang, China) : Singapore’s economic growth: FDI?. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2020, 7(1), 124-7.
Singapore's impressive economic growth has seen accompanied increase inward FDI yet there have been variant findings of these variables. This paper investigates the relationship between FDI inflows and economic growth based on a time series data covering the period 1970 – 2015. The Johansen co-integration methodology is applied on yearly data of Gross domestic product (GDP), current government expenditure (CGE), foreign direct investment (FDI), gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) and net trade (NT). Vector error-correction model (VECM) used to test the long-run relationship. There are positive long-run relationship and bidirectional causality between GDP and FDI between FDI and economic growth.
6 tables, 15 ref
MOHAN N S , RAO S M
044083 MOHAN N S , RAO S M (Dr PVGR Saheb Coll of Education, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh) : The policies for tribal education in India: Need for redraft. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2020, 7(1), 115-20.
Government planners see education as indispensable for helping tribal peoples cope with national integration. Education will also determine their prosperity, success and security in life. The tribes which remain either deprived of or negligent toward education will suffer the consequence. Compared with the literacy rates of 29.34 % for the general population, literacy among tribal peoples in India is at most 6 %. The Union and the state governments have spent considerable sums of money for tribal youths' education, but the results are meagre. The Commissioner for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes asserts that unless exploitation among the tribes is combatted and eliminated through education, no improvement in tribal welfare will occur. Within tribal areas, education can be the basis for integrated development. Government has provided many facilities like SSA, DPEP, MAHILA SAMAKHYA (MS)EXTERNAL WEBSITE THAT OPENS IN A new window, and npegel, SKP, JSS, KGBV’S, CIIL, KVS, NVS and NIOS are implemented for the sake of Tribal Education.Government reports indicate that there is no scarcity of schools, other facilities or scholarships for the implementation of tribal education schemes. Most tribal youth find these incentives unattractive, however. Consequently, the government's dream to assimilate the tribes remains unfulfilled and raises basic questions about the implementation of such policies and strategies.
2 table, 5 ref
SHAMANA T T , ENJO M W
044080 SHAMANA T T , ENJO M W (Statistics Dep, Wolaita Sodo Univ, Sodo, Ethiopia) : Logistic regression analysis of the effects of modular curriculum design on students understanding level. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2020, 7(1), 95-102.
This study was intended to to investgate the influence of modular based curriculum on students understanding level in Wolaiata Sodo University, College of Natural and Computatinal Science. The key purpose of the is to find out the effectiveness of modular approach in teaching order of assessing the student learning, performance and achievement; and to determine whether the modular teaching is more effective than traditional methods. The study was experimental type and survey type. The sample for this study was drawn from the students of College of Natural and Computational Science. Sample size was consisted of 130 students. The data were collected from both groups (controlled and experimental). The survey data were collected using self-administered questionnaire. Questionare included some socio-demographic, Economic, students’ academic variables. Data were cleared and and analsed using SPSS version 16.0. Ordinal Logistic regression was employed in methods of data analysis. The variables which has correlates with understanding level of students were identified using the ordinal logistic regression analysis. The results revealed that students’ scores were in the favor of usage of modular teaching approach. So, it is recommended that the modular approach should be widely used at university levels of education in Wolaiata Sodo University, Natural and Computational Science College, in partical and in Ethiopian University in general. And it is also recommended that scientific measurments should be taken for variables which makes significant varation on students understanding level. It is also believed that this study can be used as a base line information for further study of the problems on large scale of regional or national level.
2 table, 10 ref
SORRE T D , KEBEDE Z H , SHAMENA T T , MAHELE S S
044079 SORRE T D , KEBEDE Z H , SHAMENA T T , MAHELE S S (Statistics Dep, Wolaita Sodo Univ, Sodo, Ethiopia) : Determinants of students’ academic achievements in Ethiopia by multilevel analysis approach: The case of wolaita sodo university. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2020, 7(1), 87-93.
Education is a very important human activity, through which every organizational, national and international development goals could be attained. This study is identify the determinants of academic achievement of second year regular students by multilevel approach with specific objectives to assesses students’ academic achievement variations across departments; to investigate how covariates measured at the two levels affect the academic achievement of students and to compare multilevel linear regression model with single level linear regression model. Data were obtained from primary and secondary sources. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on a total of 260 students assigned in 18 departments from five colleges, using multistage stratified sampling technique. A designed questionnaire was used to obtain primary data. Factor analysis, multiple linear regression and multilevel linear regression were used to analyze the data. From the study, it was found out that multilevel modeling is better than the classical linear regression model in fitting the data and in explaining the variations of the academic achievement at different levels. The results revealed that there is high variation of academic achievement between students than between departments. The results also showed that the academic achievement of students was affected by factors: satisfaction in medium of instruction, instructor interest to teach, standard of lecturing and presenting, study hour and entrance results. Emotional in test, future goal related to education, perception to most subjects, sex, high school type, satisfaction in department administration, and absence of quizzes, tests and assignments were also found significant factors. Emotionality in test, high school type, and absence of quizzes, tests and assignments are negatively related with the achievement of students. Finally, we recommended, the university should set goals for giving training to strength student’s motivation, self-concept, and language proficiency. Also, the facilities related to academics and non-academic factors should be accessed and improved may help to derive quality education.
4 tables, 22 ref
ALBARRAQ A A, MAKEEN H A, BANJI D
041464 ALBARRAQ A A, MAKEEN H A, BANJI D (Clinical Pharmacy Dep, Jazan Univ, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Email: davidbanji@gmail.com) : Preconception of pharmacy students for the inclusion of entrepreneurship curriculum in the pharmd program. Indian J Pharm Edu Res 2020, 54(1), 22-30.
Pharmacy program offers many entrepreneurial opportunities in hospital, community and industrial sectors. Entrepreneurship is recognized, implemented and encouraged in many Universities around the world as a separate program to ease out the problems of unemployment. However, not all pharmacy students can afford to study dual programs to become an entrepreneur; hence, it would be worthwhile if it included in the PharmD curriculum. To assess the preconception of pharmacy students for the inclusion of entrepreneurial courses in the PharmD program, a descriptive, crosssectional survey method was adopted. One hundred and five senior PharmD students were selected to respond to the structured questionnaire, on the Likert scale, which contained six domains with fifty-six questions. Content validity of the questionnaire was performed, and the reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha. The survey was conducted from February to March 2019. Outcomes were computed into mean scores, and Spearman's Rho was computed using SPSS version 23. The study revealed that students possessed adequate entrepreneurial knowledge, mindset, personality, and attitude; however, they lacked confidence and skills in venturing into the task after their graduation. The majority of the students strongly agreed to the concept of entrepreneurship and were interested in overcoming their weaknesses. It could be concluded that entrepreneurial activities must be strengthened among pharmacy students by designing and adopting a suitable curriculum to encourage self-employment.
2 illus, 7 tables, 14 ref
RANI S, JOHN N
043032 RANI S, JOHN N (Rufaida Coll of Nursing, Delhi, Email: seema9rani@yahoo.co.in) : A descriptive study to assess the nutritional status of school going children in a selected school of Delhi. Indian J Youth Adol Health 2020, 7(2), 1-4.
Among the leading health problems in India is malnutrition. Malnutrition results in weak immune system and growth and cognitive delay. A descriptive study was conducted to assess the nutritional status of school going children in the age group of 6 -13 years in a selected school of Delhi. Methodology: A total of 211 children were selected through purposive sampling technique. Structured questionnaire and a record sheet were used to collect the data. Height, weight and Blood Pressure of children were measured by using inch-tape, weighing scale, sphygmomanometer respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to interpret the data. Out of 211 school going children, 144 (66.2 %) were in the age group 6 to 9 years and 67 (31.8 %) were in the 10-13 years age group. In the age group of 6 to 9 years, 140 were underweight and 1 was overweight and rest 3 had normal weight as per Basal Metabolic Index. In 10 to 13 years age group, 60 were underweight and 7 had normal weight. As per Waterlows’s classification, all 211 children had normal weight for age. As per Gomez classification of children, in 6 -9 years age group, 52 and in 10-13 years age group 20 had normal nutritional status respectively whereas rest of the children fell in degree I and II malnutrition. Children and their parents need to be made aware about healthy nutritional practices.
5 tables, 9 ref
DEEPA MAKESH D, RAJASEKHAR S
043030 DEEPA MAKESH D, RAJASEKHAR S (Journalism Dep, M.O.P. Vaishnav Coll for Women, Chennai, Email: sandhyarajasekhar@gmail.com) : A study of health information search behaviour and its application among young adults. Indian J Youth Adol Health 2020, 7(1), 1-6.
Health Information Seeking Behaviour (HISB) refers to the ways in which individuals seek information about their health, risks, illnesses, and health-protective behaviours. According to a survey, the most common topics of search included fitness and exercise, diet and nutrition, stress and anxiety, sexually transmitted diseases, puberty, depression and other mental health issues and sleep. The growth in the digital landscape and increase in health information has introduced a new trend among the young adults–seeking information from internet. Health Belief Model is one of the most important models in studying influences on health beliefs on both individuals and society. This is a study to identify media consumption patterns of young adults pertaining to health - the main areas of search, the platforms that are most commonly accessed, application of the information gathered and their existing health related values, attitudes and beliefs. Through a survey the study points out that although respondents are satisfied with health information consumed online, most of them however, do not find a positive change in health-related values and beliefs by consuming health information on media. There is a need for strong communication on health aspects.
12 illus, 12 ref
PANDA S
046362 PANDA S (School and Mass Education Dep, Odisha Gov, Email: snigdha.rk@gmail.com) : Science communication through posters: Developing healthy food choices among students. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(3&4), 226-32.
Healthy people are always an asset to a nation. But with excessive hustle and bustle of today's life, people are inclined towards fast food and junk food. Following the elders, children also live with such foods that are satisfying their saliva. But such types of foods are harmful for health. If we can communicate the message properly to the students who are the future of the country, they will make a healthy nation. Following this, the researcher attempted to create awareness about healthy food choices among students. The study is descriptive in nature. The sample comprised of fifty-nine class VI students of a school in Bhubaneswar. Posters and pictures based on the theme of healthy eating were developed. Discussions on food and nutrition were a part of the assembly class. Data collected through a questionnaire were analyzed statistically and after interpretation it was found that posters worked as an effective tool to communicate the message needed to develop healthy food choices.
1 table, 10 ref
ARANYA G K
046361 ARANYA G K (Pitts Modern School, Bokaro, Jharkhand, Email: aranya.ganesh@gmail.com) : Teaching and learning science through student-made videos. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(3&4), 212-25.
Digital video is an exciting emerging technology that can be used in schools to support, extend, or change pedagogy and curriculum outcomes. This paper outlines the results from a recently completed research project that investigated the use of student-made digital videos across the class K to XII curriculum in five schools of Bokaro, Jharkhand. This paper particularly examines the teachers’ rationales, students’ learning outcomes and the ways in which pedagogy was enhanced in the schools through the use of student-made digital video projects.
2 tables
SHANDILYA B
046360 SHANDILYA B (Indira Gandhi National Open Univ, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, Email: bs.dreams07@gmail.com) : Science communication in early childhood through online videos. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(3&4), 196-211.
We are living in a world of innovations and growing scientific inquiry & literacy among all segments of the society. Online content has today become an inevitable part of our lives. In early childhood, science communication and scientific learning is essential for developing children’s early thinking process and future understanding, impacting skills of learning and attitude formation of a child. The social learning theory suggests that people learn from each other via observation and by imitating others. This paper inquires about how online videos are helpful in learning science and how it has changed the learning pattern in early childhood. The objective of this paper is to find out the importance of science learning through audio-visual learning techniques. This paper further explores the relevance of teaching and learning through online learning techniques. To achieve the objectives quantitative research approach has been adopted for data collection. The finding of this study revealed that teachers and parents of Delhi are in favour of science communication through online videos in early childhood learning for the overall development of a child and online teaching learning is the future of education. It should be adopted and encouraged in every educational setup.
1 illus, 3 tables, 15 ref
RAGHUL M R, MAZUMDAR M, SHUKLA K
046358 RAGHUL M R, MAZUMDAR M, SHUKLA K (CSIR-NISCAIR, New Delhi-110 012, Email: raghulmhn@gmail.com) : Game: A strategy for science communication. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(3&4), 178-84.
Low literacy levels in developing countries is one of the reasons behind less rational thinking which hinders the development of scientific temper. If children are educated from the time they start to understand things, it may help them analyse the facts with validity. Games may be considered as a way to enrich communities with scientific temper since they are entertaining. Children could learn easily with calculations and puzzles than with the traditional math class. Today, the number of educational games in app stores is increasing each day. This study analyzes the different traditional games and digital games that communicate science and their balance between entertainment and scientific information.
1 illus, 1 table, 12 ref
DHARMAPALAN B, MAHESH G
046357 DHARMAPALAN B, MAHESH G (Mar Athanasios Coll for Advanced Studies, Tiruvalla, Kerala, Email: biju@macfast.org) : Creating next generation interactive science magazines with QR code. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(3&4), 170-7.
Science magazines play a major role in the popularization of science among the public and creating scientific temper in the society. They act as a bridge between the scientific community and the society. Even though there are more than 50 science magazines published across the globe, very few have maintained consistency in publishing. Scientific American (started in 1845), Popular Science (1872), MIT Technology Review (1899) and American Scientist (1913) are very few that have been consistently published and have crossed the century mark. But these magazines are read mainly by the academic elite, and not by students or lay men. Publishing science magazines is not an attractive business as it is hard to find advertisements and subscriptions. This has affected many regional and national science magazines brought out by publishing houses and individuals. In the long run magazines have life only if they can maintain readership. In this era of digitization, science magazines should be made interactive with QR codes (Quick Response Code). Readers can scan the QR code using their smart phones and instantly view the contents of the magazine in a more interactive manner as videos or podcasts using web 4.0 technologies, which can be shared through social media platforms.
1 table, 3 ref
Mishra K G
046356 Mishra K G (NISCAIR, New Delhi-110 012, Email: mishrakumargandharv@gmail.com) : Mathematics unlocked in lockdown: A glimpse across Indian newspapers. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(3&4), 161-9.
Newspapers are a great medium of science communication. They have the potential to popularise mathematics and its concepts, but often their coverage is limited to news and events about mathematics, results and phobia associated with mathematics rather than mathematical concepts. However, during the lockdown period in India (March-May 2020) few newspapers tried to expand their coverage to mathematical concepts. In coverage of COVID-19 news, mathematical and statistical concepts also found space in newspapers. The paper highlights these developments in the field of science communication through some news articles as examples.
5 illus, 3 ref
UNIYAL D P, DHOBHAL R, ASWAL J S, CHANDER V, KHATRI S, SHARMA B M, RAJPUT J
046355 UNIYAL D P, DHOBHAL R, ASWAL J S, CHANDER V, KHATRI S, SHARMA B M, RAJPUT J (Uttarakhand State Council for Science and Technology, Jhajra, Dehradun, Email: dpuniyal.ucost@gmail.com) : Creating scientific temperament through children’s science congress in Uttarakhand, India. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(3&4), 146-60.
Science and Technology provide hands-on guidance in every field such as agriculture, medical sciences, health care, innovations, public utility services, internal and external security, education, entertainment; information and technology, etc. The awareness related to science through informing, educating, and sharing knowledge for promoting sustainable development is known as science communication. The basic aim of science popularization is to expose the society and upcoming generations to the virtues of scientific development and to help them understand the science in their daily life and surroundings as well. Motivating school children towards science is an important aim of science communication at the school level. The National Council for Science and Technology Communication (NCSTC), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi has been organizing the “Children’s Science Congress (CSC)” as one of the mega flagship programmes at the block, district, state, and the national level throughout the country since the last 27 years. In the present paper, an attempt has been made to compile the experiences of three consecutive years (2017, 2018, and 2019) of Children’s Science Congress organized by the State Council for Science and Technology. It was categorized under seven themes in 2017, while two themes were merged in 2018 and 2019. A total of 11 districts of Uttarakhand participated in the 25th Children’s Science Congress during 2017, while in 2018 and 2019, all (thirteen) districts participated in the Children’s Science Congress. The total number of child scientists from different districts were found to be diverse – 107, 142, and 138 during the 25th, 26th and 27th Children’s Science Congress of Uttarakhand held in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. In the present paper an attempt has been made to understand the impact of Children’s Science Congress (CSC) for creating scientific temper among child scientists and mentors.
4 illus, 5 tables, 19 ref
KANAGARAJAN S, SONY R
046353 KANAGARAJAN S, SONY R (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi-110 012, Email: k.shreedhar@gmail.com) : Science communication at the intersection of science and international relations: Success stories and learnings from the Covid-19 pandemic. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(3&4), 119-34.
The world has witnessed many challenges, such as economic slump, catastrophes and pandemics. However, the global health pandemic, COVID-19, has created quite a stir. To address a global pandemic like COVID-19 requires a strong interlinkage of science and scientific communication as a tool for global health diplomacy with joint research activities; sharing of data on infection, laboratory, diagnostics and virology; knowledge exchange including best practices, etc. as a global public good. Science being objective and fact-based has played a unifying role in international relationships. It is even more evident during global health emergencies where science and its use as diplomatic communication tool have the potential to promote peace and healthy living for communities. In this perspective, it is essential to understand the soft power role of science communication and the autonomous role that science and scientists can play in international relations. Three cases have been analysed to explore the role of science and its effective communication as a tool for diplomatic persuasion and attraction using three classifications, namely: science directing foreign relations; science enabling international relations; and science advising policy-making. With learnings from the cases, the path ahead in the case of a pandemic like COVID-19 is projected with emphasis on 'Open Science Diplomacy' as a model for next-generation science communication and diplomacy in international relations.
32 ref
SAXENA A
046352 SAXENA A (Institute of Rural Management, Anand, Gujarat) : Resolving debates around theories arising out of incommensurable meanings, to enable communication in science. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(1&2), 95-104.
Communication is important in science. It not only serves as a way to let people know about science but also helps in doing science itself, thus at times enabling learners and practitioners of science to know about the nature of science itself. In The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Thomas Kuhn talks about ‘communication break’ during periods of scientific crisis. Often, even during periods of “normal science” (as used by Kuhn), communicating science is a challenge, while still keeping intact the intended meaning. The incommensurability of meaning may lead to a communication break. Such a situation leads to a deadlock and resolving such debates becomes very difficult. This also takes a toll on the communication of the general idea of science being debated to the students, general public and even other researchers. Using ‘Do genes encode information about phenotypic traits?’ a debate published in Contemporary Debates in Philosophy (ed. Hitchcock C. 2004), I try to look into how, even when both the debaters seem to understand the science correctly, do they reach at different conclusions in their debate. I also try to provide a solution to the debate, by looking at the relationship between the concepts being talked about in the debate. Resolving such debates is necessary as the science that forms the background of the debate is fairly old and robust and has made its way into textbooks and popular science journals long back. Thus, such debates may create negative perceptions among the students and general public, about the information being communicated to them in textbooks and popular science magazines, thus hindering further communication.
9 ref
RIZVI A, ASKARI N
046351 RIZVI A, ASKARI N (Mass Communication Dep, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh) : Climate change communication: An analysis of scientific frames in mainstream dailies of India and USA. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(1&2), 81-94.
The communication of climate change from scientists, policy-makers and stakeholders to the public through the mass media has been a subject of interest in the research field. It is so because of its implications for creating public understanding of climate change and related issues. India is one of the major emerging economies, and so being one of the major greenhouse gas emitters, India is a key factor in the climate change story. On the other hand, USA one of the world's most developed and technologically advanced countries, has high energy consumption needs and therefore it is also one of the world's leading greenhouse gas emitters. Being politically strong at the world forum it holds an upper hand in global policy making about climate change issues. Hence it will be important to note how these two countries perceive climate change and subsequently sensitize, inform and interpret it through their mass media. In this study we analyse how climate change has been communicated through scientific frames in four major English dailies of India and USA.
2 tables, 26 ref
RAZA G, SINGH S
046350 RAZA G, SINGH S (CSIR-NISCAIR, New Delhi-110 012) : Cultural distance between science and society: Empirical evidence of past thirty years. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(1&2), 70-80.
Scholars have argued that science communication, like any other form of communication, is a socio-cultural process and should be considered as an interaction of two cultures. The thought structure of individual citizens, and thereby collectives, is shaped through socio-cultural processes (Raza, 2014). As scientific information, laws and theories generated in a far-removed scientific culture percolate and some of the ideas assimilate within the thought complex of the public fast, while others take longer time to get absorbed. This process is a complex function of factors, both extrinsic and intrinsic to the scientific information (Zhu X, 2017). In this article we present the shift in ‘relative cultural distance’ based on the analysis of data collected during Kumbh-1989, Ardh-kumbh-1995, Kumbh-2001, Ardh-Kumbh-2007, Kumbh-2013 and Ardh-kumbh-2019 at Allahabad over a period of thirty years. The present analysis has been conducted on five issues related to astronomy and cosmology section of the larger survey study, containing questions related to four areas of scientific knowledge, taking socialisation through education as the proxy-scale for cultural distance. It has been observed that there is a noticeable shift in the cultural distance between science and public. The mean cultural distance of astronomy and cosmology has progressively reduced in India.
4 tables, 18 ref
VARGHESE M
046349 VARGHESE M (AcSIR (CSIR-NISCAIR), New Delhi-110 012, Email: manojmediacenter@yahoo.co.uk) : Impact of Information, Education and Communication (IEC) activities on Malaria, TB and HIV/AIDS: A systematic review of the literature. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(1&2), 63-9.
Communication strategy and its application is a good means of creating awareness about a disease, its causes and treatments, change a person’s or group’s attitudes about a disease, advocate policy changes in favour of prevention and control, and create social norms that favour healthful living. A lot of emphasis has been given in the recent past to enhance the reach of Information, Education and Communication (IEC) activities on social and health issues. The crux remains to explore the quality and quantity of such activities in disseminating the information and making an impact on the masses. Although efforts have been made to address the health issues of Malaria, Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV/AIDS in India on a vigorous mode, no specific research paper on IEC activities addressing them has been developed or published after missing the Third Millennium Development Goal (MDG) in 2015. The gap is still evident, despite the fact that several health organizations like WHO, UNICEF, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), National Institute of Health and Family Welfare (NIHFW), Population Services International (PSI) among others have joined hands in executing the campaign to its full potential to overcome these diseases and achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) by 2030. It is noted that communication interventions hold a vital and indispensable place in prevention and treatment. Studies conducted in different countries, including Ethiopia, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, Thailand and India revealed that patients with low knowledge about the symptoms of these diseases are more likely to delay the testing and treatment. And, there is a possibility of these patients visiting traditional healers and worsening the case. In all the programmes to overcome these diseases, the main content revolves around advocacy, behaviour change communication and social mobilization and IEC plays a vital role. Thus, the mission cannot be accomplished without any research papers on the IEC activities.This systematic review of literature identifies the gap, and aims at provoking more research papers to strengthen the IEC activities to overcome Malaria, TB and HIV/AIDS so as to achieve the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goal by 2030.
6 ref
THANG T D, TUYEN T M , TRUC T N , PHUONG R T
042860 THANG T D, TUYEN T M , TRUC T N , PHUONG R T (Hanoi Pedagogical Univ, Vietnam, Email: thangdhsp2@hpu2.edu.vn) : Some properties of multivalued positive Boolean dependencies in the database model of block form. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(25), 2509–19.
The article proposed a new type of dependency on blocks and slices. Then found and proved the properties of this new dependency. Method: Logical inference methods were used. A new type of data relationship has been proposed: Multivalued positive Boolean dependencies on block and slice in the database model of block form. From this new concept, the article stated and demonstrated the equivalence of the three types of deduction, namely: m-deduction by logic, m-deduction by block, m-deduction by block has no more than two elements. Next are the necessary and sufficient criteria of the tight m-expression for the set of multivalued positive Boolean dependencies on block and slice, the sufficient properties for a set of functions {I,∧,∨}. The properties related to this new concept when the block degenerated into relation. The proposed new dependency with their properties on the block and on the slice are completely new.
5 ref
ARAM I A
046348 ARAM I A (Media Sciences Dep, Anna Univ, Chennai- 600 025, Email: arulram@yahoo.com) : Online learning in the post-Covid-19 scenario. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(1&2), 57-62.
Online teaching should continue at least as a supplement to classroom teaching to reinforce learning, or as an additional mode of teaching splitting the class. It should never replace the role of a classroom teacher. In the good number of present-day classrooms, the strength is more than 60. No more the strength could be maintained if the norm of ‘social distancing’ is in vogue. Students, in general, do not maintain social distancing on their own, and they normally view the formal education environment as an opportunity for socializing and physical closeness. However, there are challenges in online learning which will have to be overcome since this is the need of the hour.
3 ref
SINGH S
046347 SINGH S (CSIR-NISCAIR, New Delhi-110 012, Email: surjit.dabas@gmail.com) : Social media and Covid-19 pandemic: Information or (MIS) information. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(1&2), 53-6.
WHO has declared that COVID-19 is going to remain with us as do other endemics (like HIV). Therefore, scientifically validated information and its dissemination is extremely important for the future. The naeed of the hour is to develop a policy mechanism to deal with the creation and proliferation of such (mis)information without any scientific inputs. The lack of scientific temper among the people leads to panic situations and such unverified information may further increase the chances of nervousness, anxiety and hypertension.
1 ref
DUTTA A
046346 DUTTA A (Communication and Journalism Dep, Gauhati Univ, Guwahati, Assam, Email: adutta@gauhati.ac.in) : Beliefs and superstitions about Covid-19: Observations in India under lockdown. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(1&2), 38-52.
In the diverse social structure that characterizes India, misbeliefs and superstitions are still as active as in earlier days. Social media in particular has been swamped by hundreds of beliefs and superstitions during the COVID-19 pandemic, primarily 'infecting' digitally literate people who are unable to check the fake and unthinkingly pass on suspect messages going viral. Common people in general have been found wanting in responding to calls for greater awareness and necessary behavioural change towards adopting safe practices. Mainstream media in India has been largely playing its role in educating people about the pandemic and thereby contributing towards inculcating scientific temper, but more needs to be done. Five highly circulated superstitions and misbeliefs on social media about the coronavirus have figured in this observation, while public awareness campaigns like 'hoax busters' by Indian Scientists' Response to Covid-19 (ASRC) and 'Infodemic vis-a-vis Pandemic' by Dr. Anamika Ray Memorial Trust (ARMT) have been highlighted as the sort of responses that can be mounted to counter misinformation and superstitions.
25 ref
MEMON M L, SAXENA N, ROY A, SINGH S, SHIN D R
040343 MEMON M L, SAXENA N, ROY A, SINGH S, SHIN D R (Sungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South Korea, Email: navrati@skku.edu) : Ambient backscatter communications to energize IoT devices. IETE Tech Rev 2020, 37(2), 196–210.
The expected rise of small devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) require these devices to operate without any power interruption. The replacement and recharging of batteries in these widely deployed small IoT devices is a challenging task. Recently, Ambient Backscatter Communications (AmB-Com) is introduced, which enables passive IoT devices to harvest power from nearby Radio Frequency (RF) signals. AmB-Com allows the passive devices to harvest energy and simultaneously transmit their information using the reflection of incident RF signals. This survey paper covers various types of ambient RF signals as the source of energy to energize passive IoT devices. Then, we show the utilization of multiple frequency bands to power up passive devices. In order to keep the balance between energy harvesting and information transfer, we discuss efficient power transfer schemes for AmB-Com in addition to energy management, resource allocation, and optimization techniques. Finally, we cover the performance of AmB-Com systems and highlight the research challenges in AmB-Com.
6 illus, 8 tables, 83 ref
HASSAN A, PINKWART N
040342 HASSAN A, PINKWART N (Informatics Dep, Humboldt Univ, Berlin, Germany, Email: hassanah@informatik.hu-berlin.de) : On the adaptability and applicability of multi-touch user interfaces addressing behavioral interventions for children with autism. IETE Tech Rev 2020, 37(2), 180–95.
Principles of human-computer interaction (HCI) are imperative when it comes to efficient user interface design. This becomes even more significant when the interface is for users with special needs and especially when there is a treatment methodology incorporated in a piece of software. This study investigates user interfaces that are specifically made for children with autism-spectrum disorders. We conducted a survey to evaluate the adaptability and applicability of various interfaces. For this, we selected four of the behavioral interventions for autism namely discrete trial training (DTT), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), empathy enhancement and verbal behavior approach (VBA). User interfaces (UIs) of 16 software applications were assessed for the said features. Results of this assessment revealed that these Applications were adaptable to two behavioral interventions, on the average. Moreover, these Applications were simultaneously applicable for treatment of three levels of autism; namely high functioning, low functioning, and autistic adults. These interfaces were also applicable to the children with no autism (typically developing) who acted as a controlled group.
8 illus, 2 tables, 45 ref
DAS S, PANDA K G, SEN D, ARIF W
040337 DAS S, PANDA K G, SEN D, ARIF W (Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal - 721 302, Email: l: shrayandas@gmail.com) : A survey of national disaster communication systems and spectrum allocation - an Indian perspective. IETE Tech Rev 2020, 37(2), 111–136.
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure failure due to disasters result in huge monetary losses and jeopardize entire communication networks, directly affecting Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) operations. The absence of dedicated harmonized frequency bands for public safety and disaster relief communication is a major concern in India. It limits system functionalities and rescue efforts of Indian Public Protect and Disaster Relief (PPDR) agencies. In this paper, we conduct a survey of proposed and existing disaster management systems and emergency communication spectrum being used in developed countries, specifically Europe and the US and look at possible candidate frequency bands suitable for PPDR communication in the Indian scenario. We also look at global standards and regulatory frameworks drawn up by international standardization organizations for PPDR communication and spectrum allocation. We expand our scope of discussion by looking at ICT infrastructure currently being used in India to tackle large-scale PPDR operations. We further explore the possible system and design upgrades that may be carried out in future to support advanced early warning systems and state-of-the-art broadband PPDR networks.
4 illus, 4 tables, 97 ref
CHOWDHURY A R, NAYEK S, PRAMANICK S, DE M
040303 CHOWDHURY A R, NAYEK S, PRAMANICK S, DE M (Botany Dep, Gurudas Coll, Kolkata - 700 054, Email: mitude@rediffmail.com) : Introducing undergraduate students to data information literacy: A report on a student research project undertaken in gurudas college, Kolkata-54, West Bengal, India. Harvest 2020, 5(1), 40-7.
Institutional Library resources both print and digital are of great help to both students and faculty members as an information source. However without proper knowledge of accessing the information sources from either electronic or print sources students are vulnerable to the overloaded information. This knowledge has been termed as data information literacy. In an attempt to introduce undergraduate students to data information literacy, a student project was initiated where participants got a structured introductory training on data retrieval. A survey was embarked upon to document some of the medicinal pteridophytes and gymnosperms present in Gurudas College campus. The students used the college library resources to access data on the phytochemicals present in those medicinal plants available in the college campus.
1 table, 35 ref
NANDAL N, TANWAR R, CHOUDHURY T, SATAPATHY S C
039214 NANDAL N, TANWAR R, CHOUDHURY T, SATAPATHY S C (Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Email: dean_research.cse@kiit.ac.in) : Context driven bipolar adjustment for optimized aspect level sentiment analysis. J Sci Ind Res 2020, 79(01), 122-7.
World Wide Web provides numerous opinionated data that can influence users. Reviews on online data highly affect the user’s perception while buying a particular or related product from an online shopping site. The online review provided by a customer helps other customers to make up their decision regarding purchasing that item. Looking at the developer’s and producer’s perspective, the opinions of customers on their manufactured items is helpful in identifying deformities as well as scope for improving its quality. Equipped with all this information, the product can be developed and managed more efficiently. Along with the overall rating of the product, the feature-based rating will have a great impact on the decision-making process of the customer. In this paper, an optimized scheme of aspect level sentiment analysis is presented to analyze the online reviews of a product. Reviews ratings have been used for learning approach. Inherently biased reviews are considered to optimize the Aspect Level Sentiment Analysis. Bi-polar aspect level sentiment analysis model has been trained using multiple kernels of support vector machine to optimize the results. Lexicon based aspect level sentiment analysis is performed first and later on the basis of bipolar words adjustment, and its effect on results, aspect level sentiment analysis for efficient optimization has been performed. A Web Crawler is developed to extract data from Amazon. The results obtained outperformed traditional lexicon based Aspect Level Sentiment Analysis.
3 illus, 3 tables, 18 ref
TOMAR R, SASTRY H G, PRATEEK M
039196 TOMAR R, SASTRY H G, PRATEEK M (Petroleum and Energy Studies Univ, Uttarakhand, Email: ravitomar7@gmail.com) : Establishing parameters for comparative analysis of V2V communication in VANET. J Sci Ind Res 2020, 79(01), 26-9.
In vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), information dissemination plays vital role in establishing the cooperation among the vehicles. This cooperation and information exchange is needed for proper performance of safety and other VANET applications. Broadcasting is the most suitable method for information dissemination over the network. The simplicity of the broadcast mechanism in such a highly dense and mobile network leads to network contention, broadcast storm and network partition problem. To keep all nodes updated and gather neighbourhood information broadcasting protocol use beacon messages. A non-trivial scientific contribution is required in broadcasting techniques to cater to the need of a network. In this paper, we establish a system model and parameters responsible for efficient information dissemination for VANETs. We implemented three major techniques for information dissemination which are, simple flooding, counter-based and probability-based techniques. These three techniques are simulated with established parameters. The work also analysed the impact of beaconing in the network. The simulation is carried out on Veins framework and the results are then analysed on the basis of established parameters. The analysis of result shows that an integrated approach will suit the needs whereas the use of independent techniques might not yield the result which we expect. The paper concludes by outlining the future research directions in information dissemination in VANET.
2 illus, 3 tables, 15 ref
VALSON J S, KUTTY V R, SOMAN B , JISSA V T
039042 VALSON J S, KUTTY V R, SOMAN B , JISSA V T (Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala- 695 011, Email: joannavalson@gmail.com) : Using open-source data to explore distribution of built environment characteristics across Kerala, India. Ind J Pub Health 2020, 64(2), 191-7.
Built environment characteristics in the neighborhood are of utmost priority for a healthy lifestyle in the fast‑urbanizing countries.These characteristics are closely linked to the disease burden and challenges in low‑ and middle‑income countries (LMICs), which have been unexplored using open‑source data. The present technology offers online resources and open source software that enable researchers to explore built environment characteristics with health and allied phenomena. This article intends to delineate methods to capture available and accessible objective built environment variables for a state in India and determine their distribution across the state. Built environment variables such as population density and residential density were collated from the Census of India. Safety from crime and traffic were captured as crime rates and pedestrian accident rates, respectively, acquired from State Crime Records Bureau. Greenness, built‑up density,and land slope were gathered from open‑source satellite imagery repository. Road intersection density was derived from Open Street Map. Processing and analysis differed for each dataset depending on its source and nature. Each variable showed a distinct pattern acrossthe state. Population and residential density were found to be closely related to each other across both districts and sub districts. They were both positively related to crime rates, pedestrian accident rates, built‑up density, and intersection density, whereas negatively related to land slope and greenness across the subdistricts. Delineating the distribution of built environment variables using available and open‑source data in resource‑poor settings is a first in public health research among LMICs. Cost‑effectiveness and reproducible nature of open‑source solutions could equip researchers in resource‑poor settings to identify built environment characteristics and patterns across regions.
2 illus, 2 tables, 32 ref
SINGHAVI H R, SINGH A, BHATTACHARJEE A, TALOLE S, DIKSHIT R, CHATURVEDI P
039041 SINGHAVI H R, SINGH A, BHATTACHARJEE A, TALOLE S, DIKSHIT R, CHATURVEDI P (Head and Neck Surgery Dep, Tata Memorial Centre and Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, Email: atanustat@gmail.com) : Alcohol and cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective Indian studies. Ind J Pub Health 2020, 64(2), 186-90.
Alcohol increases risk of cancer of oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, colorectal, liver, larynx, and female breast. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of alcohol and cancer in India by meta‑analysis. Systematic Medline searches were performed to identify all the published literature associating alcohol and cancer in India. Initially, we retrieved 1509 studies, but after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 29 studies were found eligible for our meta‑analysis. Our meta‑analysis shows that alcohol consumption increases the risk of cancer with the odds ratio (OR) of 2.32 (95 % confidence interval [CI]:1.50–3.47) in case–control studies and relative risk of 1.52 (95 % CI: 0.97–2.51) in cohort studies. It also shows that risk of oral cavity cancer increases by two times (OR: 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.54–3.96) in the population consuming alcohol. Publication analysis showed that studies included in the meta‑analysis had wide variation, suggesting good representation all over the country. The result from our meta‑analysis supports our hypothesis that alcohol consumption increases the risk of cancer, implying immediate cessation of the habit for cancer risk reduction.
4 illus, 31 ref
MEHTA N R, DARAK S S, PARCHURE R S
039040 MEHTA N R, DARAK S S, PARCHURE R S (Prayas health group, Pune, Maharashtra, Email: shirish@prayaspune.org) : The use of emergency contraceptive pills in India: A meta-analysis. Ind J Pub Health 2020, 64(2), 178-85.
Unplanned pregnancies are a major public health concern. In India, 33 % of an estimated 48.1 million pregnancies end in induced abortions. Emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) can prevent pregnancy after sexual intercourse, have been part of India’s family planning program since 2002–2003 and are available as over‑the‑counter drugs. While there are concerns about the overuse of ECPs, the pattern of use of ECPs in India is unknown. The objective is to determine the proportion of women who have ever used ECPs and repeatedly used ECPs and also to assess the reasons for use and nonuse of EC pills along with factors associated with the use. A systematic review of ECP use in India was conducted by electronically searching three databases ‑ PubMed, Popline, and Google Scholar. All studies were published between 2001 and 2017, and the electronic search was last conducted in July 2018. The proportion of use was calculated using meta‑analysis, and the other factors were assessed by narratively synthesizing the findings. Thirty‑three articles met the inclusion criteria. The pooled proportion of women who ever used ECPs was 6 % (95 % confidence interval, 0.03–0.10). The proportion of repeat use ranged from 12 % to 69 %. Five studies reported reasons for not using ECPs, and the most common reasons were religious/cultural beliefs followed by fear of side effects and inadequate knowledge. Studies to understand socio demographic and other factors affecting the use of ECPs in India are lacking. There are significant concerns about the quality of the studies. The definition of repeat use of ECPs is inconsistent across papers. Further more, judgmental attitudes of health‑care providers were apparent in some papers. The review highlights important research and program gaps.
2 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref
SINGH M, RAINA S, PARASHAR M, GUPTA E, GOSWAMI S, GANDHI M K
039037 SINGH M, RAINA S, PARASHAR M, GUPTA E, GOSWAMI S, GANDHI M K (Community Medicine Dep, Government Medical Coll, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, Email: ojasrainasunil@yahoo.co.in) : Is calorie intake the fundamental driver of noncommunicable diseases in india - A systematic review. Ind J Pub Health 2020, 64(2), 161-7.
Nutrition epidemiology initially focused on few nutrients thought to be responsible for noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). The database of Indian Nutrition Survey is based majorly on calorie intake. The objective was to compare the change in the average calorie intake from 1990 to 2012 with the emerging epidemic of diabetes and hypertension (HTN) in India since 1990. A comprehensive search was made in National Library of Medicine’s PubMed database and Google Scholar from March to August 2018, on the above‑mentioned subjects. Reports of national surveys (National Sample Survey Office and National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau) were included for average calorie intake among different states from year 1990 onward. Region‑wise search depicted by national nutrition surveys resulted in 277 and 587 abstracts on the prevalence of HTN and diabetes mellitus, respectively. There were 51 full‑text articles and abstracts on the prevalence of HTN and diabetes from the above regions. The average calorie intake per capita per day in the four zones of country in rural areas decreased from 1990 to 2012. An increasing trend in the prevalence of diabetes from rural areas was observed from 1994 to 2012. The percapita average calorie intake per day in urban areas from 1999 through 2011 in all zones except the eastern part of country was on rise. There was no consistent trend in the prevalence of HTN in any of the zones. It is not just an increase in calories, but a trade‑off between the demand for calories and the demand for healthy lifestyles determines the prevalence of NCDs.
1 illus, 3 tables, 54 ref
LAHIRI A, CHAKRABORTY A
039029 LAHIRI A, CHAKRABORTY A (Community Medicine Dep, Medical Coll, Kolkata- 700 144, West Bengal, Email: dr.arupchakraborty@gmail.com) : Psychometric validation of geriatric depression scale - short form among Bengali-speaking elderly from a rural area of West Bengal: Application of item response theory. Ind J Pub Health 2020, 64(2), 109-15.
The geriatric depression scale – short form (GDS‑SF) considered an important preliminary screening tool, requires translation in different regional languages and validation, to become of utmost use in Indian context especially in the field level. The current study aimed to evaluate the psychometric validity of the GDS‑SF translated into Bengali among rural elderly population. The 15‑item GDS‑SF translated to Bengali language was administered to 206 Bengali speaking geriatrics selected maintaining predecided inclusion and exclusion criteria from villages under a rural block in West Bengal. Latent trait modelling was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of this translated tool. Differential item functioning (DIF) was assessed to measure invariance. The mean age of the participants was 68.77 years (standard deviation 6.81 years). Majority being female (57.77 %), Hindu (87.38 %), from a joint family background (90.78 %). The highest discrimination was observed with item 8 (coefficient 3.682, P < 0.001) followed by item 14 (coefficient 3.020, P < 0.001). Question 2 had least coefficient for difficulty (−1.344, P = 0.013) while item 15 had highest (0.775, P = 0.001). The questionnaire provided maximum information (discrimination) around mean value of latent trait. The total cutoff score of 5 was related nearly to mean latent trait (−0.111). Items 10 and 13 showed consistent DIF across different demographic groups. Psychometric properties of GDS‑SF (Bengali) established overall construct and content validity of the tool in this community‑based study. Despite some degree of DIF the tool can be used as a preliminary screening method in rural community.
1 illus, 3 tables, 35 ref
AGRAWAL A, ALENEZI M, KUMAR R, KHAN R A
006252 AGRAWAL A, ALENEZI M, KUMAR R, KHAN R A (Information Technology Dep, BBA Univ, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, Email: rs0414@gmail.com) : Securing web applications through a framework of source code analysis. J Comput Sci 2019, 15(12), 1780-94.
Source code analysis is becoming extremely important for the universal acceptance of web applications because the automated source code analysis tools play a key role in identifying and fixing security-related vulnerabilities. This paper proposes a framework for securing web applications through source code analysis. The framework has three prescriptive phases including executing and monitoring, classifying and controlling and refining and managing. The framework helps to examine the web application source code related to security issues. The executing and monitoring phase employs five different open source tools for statically analyzing the source code. According to the literature, there are nine broad categories of vulnerabilities in web applications. After filtration of these vulnerabilities, classifying and controlling phase categorize the vulnerabilities according to their severity level with the help of fuzzy analytical analysis process and suggestive measures. The refining and managing phase takes these measures and suggests changes to the source code to make it more secure. This framework was validated through a web-based hospital management system. The results of the validation showed that the framework implementation made the source code more robust towards the upcoming vulnerabilities and bugs.
4 illus, 6 tables, 50 ref
MOBIDIN H S, SULAIMAN R, SHUKUR Z, ALI N M
006266 MOBIDIN H S, SULAIMAN R, SHUKUR Z, ALI N M (Kebangsaan Malaysia Univ, Selangor, Malaysia, Email: rossilawati@ukm.edu.my) : Personal legacy information management system for muslim in Malaysia: A preliminary design. J Comput Sci 2019, 15(12), 1721-33.
There is an alarming amount of frozen and unclaimed assets in Malaysia. Among the factors that contribute to this situation is the failure of the decedent to leave a will to the heirs of the estate or to leave the important documents necessary to initiate the distribution of the estate. This lack of preparation will inimitably put the heirs in a difficult position because they will have to spend their time and money to search and collect all related information and documentation related to the estate to assist them in liquefying and distributing the assets. With the advancement of information technology, there are information systems that had been built to manage and plan the estate of individuals. However, these systems have limitations and are unsuitable to be implemented in Malaysia because of different laws and procedures. Therefore, this paper proposes a personal legacy information system that will allow the owner to manage information such as assets, debts, wills and personal secrets, in a single platform. In addition, the owner can keep related documents to the information that are required for asset planning and distribution, especially in the Malaysian context. The owner can appoint a trustee(s) through the system and all information will be released by the system to the trustee when the owner dies. By applying encrypted communication, the legacy data will be kept secure. Static analysis is described at the requirement level for specifying the functional requirements of the system, using Z Specification. We hope that the proposed system will help mitigate the issues surrounding the problem of frozen and unclaimed assets.
6 illus, 1 table, 43 ref
NADERIFAR V, SHUKUR Z, SAHRAN S
006268 NADERIFAR V, SHUKUR Z, SAHRAN S (Kebangsaan Malaysia Univ, Bangi, Malaysia, Email: zarinashuku@ukm.edu.my) : Distributed learning automata approach for workflow mining: Discovering process model using condensate drops method. J Comput Sci 2019, 15(11), 1694-1709.
An information system is a process of collecting, processing, storing and distributing information, which leads to efficient decisionmaking and control in organizations. Examples of information systems include classical management systems, systems for workflow management, systems for case handling and middleware. Information systems collect information concerning important people, locations and other important matters in an organization and store relevant events in some form of structure. Based on event logs, from information systems, the discovery of process models can be made automatically by process mining techniques, without having an a priori model. By learning from the event logs, process mining aims to discover, monitor and improve processes. This paper proposes a method to discover a process model based on distributed learning automata and the condensate approach. In this proposed method, each event in the log is called a drop, which had its condensate and can be combined with other condensates. Each drop is connected to other drops and become a larger drop. All of those drops would obtain reward if it represents sequence of an event log. The evaluation results demonstrated that the proposed method could detect various patterns in the event log and discover a more efficient process model in terms of fitness, total node and total path of the mined process model.
17 illus, 8 tables, 47 ref
RAMANATHAN V, MEYYAPPAN T, THAMARAI S M
006275 RAMANATHAN V, MEYYAPPAN T, THAMARAI S M (Computer Science Dep, Alagappa Univ, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, Email: vallikannug@gmail.com) : Predicting Tamil movies sentimental reviews using Tamil tweets. J Comput Sci 2019, 15(11), 1638-47.
Recently people are more frequently using their mother tongue to express their opinion and view in the social media. Especially Indian languages are often used in social media messages. Tamil is one of the oldest language which has been used slightly higher percentage in micro blogs. Sentiment analysis has gained incredible development in recent times mostly for English language. However very less work of sentiment analysis has done for Indian languages like Hindi, Tamil, Kannada etc., In this paper we focus on Tamil language tweets. It is essential to analyse the Tamil language content for tweets and get perception of opinion expressed by the tweets. Our objective is to classify the sentiment of the Tamil movies based on Tamil tweets using Tamil SentiWordNet (TSWN). We proposed Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method to find the sentiment polarity of the Tamil movie dataset. This method provides baseline for our research. Domain specific ontology is used to identify the primary sentiment categorization of the Tamil movies. In contextual semantic, the sentiment of a word may flip based on the neighbouring word. In this research, sentiment-bearing terms and its neighbouring terms in Tamil tweets are evaluated using contextual semantic sentiment analysis to get more accurate result for the movie sentimental classification.
6 illus, 4 tables, 21 ref
PAYAL, AWASTHI S, TRIPATHI M
006271 PAYAL, AWASTHI S, TRIPATHI M (Jawaharlal Nehru Univ, Delhi- 110 067, Email: manoramatripathi2@yahoo.com) : A selective review of literature on research data management in academic libraries. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2019, 39(6), 338-45.
The present paper dwells on Research Data Management (RDM), its need, importance, the behaviour of the researchers in different disciplines towards data sharing and the role of libraries in extending data management services. The policies of publishers and funding bodies for sharing research data have also been described. It underlines that the library professionals should have a comprehensive understanding of the emerging issues, trends and challenges about the research data management to deploy appropriate services for the researchers. It highlights various resources on research data management, which may serve as guidelines for library professionals and researchers. The study will prove beneficial to library professionals and inspire them to extend RDM services in their organisations The paper concludes by advocating that the library professionals must update and upskill themselves with new trends, tools and techniques to provide RDM services. They should sensitise researchers to make their datasets accessible for reuse and sharing.
59 ref
BOTÉ J-J, TÉRMENS M
006254 BOTÉ J-J, TÉRMENS M (Barcelona Univ, Barcelona, Spain, Email: juanjo.botev@ub.edu) : Reusing data: Technical and ethical challenges. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2019, 39(6), 329-37.
Research centres, universities and public organisations create datasets that can be reused in research. Reusing data makes it possible to reproduce studies, generate new research questions and new knowledge, but it also gives rise to technical and ethical challenges. Part of these issues are repositories interoperability to accomplish FAIR principles or issues related to data privacy or anonymity. At the same time, funding institutions require that data management plans be submitted for grants, and research tends to be increasingly interdisciplinary. Interdisciplinarity may entail barriers for researchers to reuse data, such as a lack of skills to manipulate data, given that each discipline generates different types of data in different technical formats, often non-standardized. Additionally, the use of standards to validate data reuse and better metadata to find appropriate datasets seem necessary. This paper offers a review of the literature that addresses data reuse in terms of technical, ethical-related issues.
75 ref
HUDSON-VITALE C, MOULAISON-SANDY H
006261 HUDSON-VITALE C, MOULAISON-SANDY H (Pennsylvania State Univ, University Park- 16801, Email: moulaisonhe@missouri.edu) : Data management plans: A review. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2019, 39(6), 322-8.
With increasing world-wide emphasis on providing access to research data, data management plans (DMPs) have emerged as the expected way for researchers to formalise and communicate their intentions to stakeholders, including to their funders. This review paper focuses on a thematic analysis and presentation of empirical research on DMPs, a literature that is surprisingly limited, likely due to the young age of the field. Research shows that, despite the benefits associated with data sharing, DMPs have potential that is not being realised to the fullest. Researchers in scholarly communication and information science primarily have evaluated DMPs using text analysis methodologies, often supplementing them with surveys or interviews. Future study, especially in areas of machine-actionable DMPs is promising; such research is needed to further explore how DMPs can best be utilised to support data sharing.
1 table, 34 ref