026117   HARISHA B N (P G Studies in Economics Dep, Kuvempu Univ, Shimoga, Karnataka) : Fiscal federalism in India and Canada: A comparative study. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2018, 5(3), 32-4.

The traditional Theory of fiscal federalism lays out a general normative framework for the assignment of functions to different levels of government and the appropriate fiscal instruments for carrying out these functions. This Theory contends that the central government should have the basic responsibility for the macroeconomic stabilization function and for income distribution in the form of assistance to the poor. Decentralized levels of government have their responsibility in the provision of goods and services whose consumption is limited to their own jurisdictions. The present paper makes attempt to bring out the comparision of both India and Canada’s federal fiscal structure and the lesions to learn each other.

6 ref

026116   JISHA N, ABISHAKE I (Commerce Dep, CMS Coll of Science & Commerce, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : A study on brand loyalty in Maruthi Suzuki with special reference to Coimbatore city. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2018, 5(3), 28-31.

Indian automobile industry is in the thriving stage. After loosening the restrictions on economic and political system, foreign car manufacturers emerged into the Indian market and that resulted to a tough competition to the Indian automobile industry. Even though Maruti Suzuki still exists as giant in Indian automobile industry, the Korean, Japanese, American and Europeans is also leading fast to the top position in the industry. This study is an attempt to know how much the customer is loyal to the Maruti Suzuki brand. Today, there is a stiff competition in the automobile industry. Now-a-days Maruti Suzuki in India has faced a problem of identifying the extent of loyalty of their customers. The main aim of the study is to analyze how much the consumer is loyal to Maruti Suzuki and what the Maruti Suzuki is doing to improve the brand loyalty and does the company have won in retaining the customer.

1 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

026115   ADAWI R, SINAR S, SUMARSIH, NURLELA (Linguistics Dep, Sumatera Utara Univ, Medan, Indonesia) : Attitude appraisal system in French introductory text of S-1 thesis in UNIMED. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2018, 5(3), 13-8.

This study examines the appraisal system in French introductory text of S-1 thesis in UNIMED by applying the Systemic Functional Linguistics theory. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative. The samples were taken from the texts of introduction which were validated by native speaker Marine Petite. The data were analyzed using Simple Concordance Program (SCP) software which involved Apraisal Attitude. The results show that appraisal system in the introductory text is classified as paradigmatic because the appraisal system in French consists of (a) sex (le gendre) such as masculine and feminine, and (b) quantity or number (le nombre) having singular (singulier) and plural (pluriel).

15 illus, 10 ref

026114   PRABHU R N (Mumbai Univ, Mumbai, Maharashtra) : Risk & return analysis of NIFTY stock in Indian capital market. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2018, 5(3), 8-12.

India is one of the emerging economies, which has witnessed significant developments in the stock markets during the liberalization policy initiated by the government. However, investing in shares include high risks which can be guided but not controlled. Most of these risks affect the market or the economy and require investors to adjust portfolios or ride out the storm. This paper analyzes the risk and return in banking sector taking Nifty Index as the benchmark. The study compares the performance of the 50 stocks in the NSE. Indian banking industry, the backbone of the country’s economy has always played a positive key role in prevention the economic disaster from reaching horrible volume in the country. Risk & Return is a concept that denotes a potential negative impact to an asset or some characteristic of value that may arise from some present process or future event. It has achieved enormous appreciation for its strength, particularly in the wake of some of the worldwide economic disasters. NSE Shares have proved to be more volatile than the pure diversified equity funds which make some of them a high-risk proposition. The study evaluates the performance of stocks mainly to identify the required rate of return and risk of a particular stock based upon different risk elements prevailing in the market and other economic factors.

3 illus, 2 tables, 8 ref

026133   MOODLEY R S, ANDREW J E, SITHOLE B B (CSIR, South Africa, Email: jandrew@csir.co.za) : Beneficiation opportunities for bark from South African grown Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus patula. J Sci Ind Res 2018, 77(3), 176-80.

Bark, a major waste residue in the forestry, timber, pulp and paper industry has been shown to be a potential source of valuable chemicals. The chemical composition of bark extracted from South African plantation grown E. grandis and P. patula trees was studied with the objective of identifying components that could potentially be beneficiated into valuable chemical compounds. The lipophilic extracts were rich in hydrocarbons, followed by long chain aliphatic alcohols, fatty acids, sterols and terpenic compounds. Phenolic compounds were found in high quantities in softwood bark, with guaiacol and o-acetyl-p-cresol being the main components.

3 illus, 26 ref

026131   LEE Y (National Center for High-performance Computing, Taiwan, Email: focuslee2@gmail.com) : Influence factor analysis of MEMS and IC integration technologies. J Sci Ind Res 2018, 77(3), 168-71.

Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices are typically combined with integrated circuits (ICs) for operation in electronic systems. A variety of possible factors could affect the decisions of integrating MEMS and IC components. This paper aimed to investigate the critical influence factors of MEMS and IC integration technologies through expert interviews, and to further analyze their causal relationships based on fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (fuzzy DEMATEL) method. We found that product footprints and product costs are the two major influence dispatchers in the cause group, while fabrication complexity is the major influence receiver in the effect group. Moreover, signal path length has very little strength of influence on other factors. The research analysis of fuzzy DEMATEL method could serve as a reference to future development strategies in the field of MEMS and IC integration technologies.

2 illus, 3 tables, 17 ref

026130   YAN B (Operations Management Dep, Cape Peninsula Univ of Technology, South Africa, Email: yanb@cput.ac.za) : Modeling the effects of Innovative leadership on productivity and profitability. J Sci Ind Res 2018, 77(3), 164-7.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects of innovative leadership on organisational productivity and profitability. A deterministic mathematical model using Runge-Kutta integration was utilised to analyse the effect of innovative leadership. A numerical simulation of the model differential equations disclosed how innovation leadership enables a company to change and adapt to its external environment and by implication enhance its performance. The study revealed that without innovative leadership, the production efforts remain stagnant with low productivity and profitability. Due to a change in the production efforts introduced by innovative leadership, an increase in the level of productivity and profitability is observed. The findings further emphasise that productivity increases with time under the innovative leadership. The proposed mathematical model can be broadly used to analyse the effect of innovative leadership on profitability and productivity within different organisations.

3 illus, 13 ref

026129   KHANDEKAR P M, CHIDDARWAR S S, JHA A (Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur- 440 010, Email: s.chiddarwar@gmail.com) : Programming of an industrial robot using demonstrations and soft computing techniques. J Sci Ind Res 2018, 77(3), 156-63.

In this work, trajectory planners are developed to program an industrial robot using human demonstrations aided by artificial neural network and human hand synergy approach. These planners are developed to acquire trajectory from human demonstrator and convert it to robot trajectory. The planner based on artificial neural network utilizes kinematic model of human and robot hand for mapping whereas human hand synergy approach is used by second planner for mapping. The proposed approach is implemented to an industrial robot in a designed scenario. The performance of both the planners is compared using an established metric. Experimentations and analysis of results revealed that both the approaches generalize well in the tested scenarios. Moreover, the planner adopting using human hand synergy for mapping shows better performance than kinematics based planner.

3 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

026128   HE W, FU Y, HAO R (Univ of Science and Technology Beijing, P R China, Email: ustbfuyao@163.com) : Research on the production efficiency of China civilian military listed companies. J Sci Ind Res 2018, 77(3), 153-5.

Civilian military enterprises are the driving force to promote the integration of military and civilian. DEA is used to study the product efficiency of China civilian military listed companies during the period of 2005-2014. The result shows that: the comprehensive product efficiency of civilian military listed companies in China is at a low level which is mainly caused by pure technology efficiency; the differences of the product efficiency between companies are becoming larger, and this differences are more obvious between companies of different types.

1 table, 8 ref

026127   HO W C, LEE A W, LEE S J, LIN G T (National Chiao Tung Univ, Taiwan, Email: gtrl@faculty.nctu.edu.tw) : The application of quality function deployment to smart watches ? the house of quality for improved product design. J Sci Ind Res 2018, 77(3), 149-52.

Consumers are confused about the benefits of using smart watches due to the various insignificant functionalities included and the unclear value propositions promoted by smart watch manufacturers. In order to improve the quality of products and to provide features that can satisfy consumers’ needs, technicians must understand the expectations of consumers. This paper recommends the use of quality function deployment (QFD), a method that integrates consumers’ dynamic requirements with product designs, which can be represented using a House of Quality (HoQ) matrix diagram. Here, the unmet and uncovered needs of consumers relating to the smart watch are analyzed extensively using a questionnaire-based survey. The opinions of consumers and technicians are then examined, and a HoQ diagram is constructed to evaluate the relationship between the design attributes of smart watch and its technical attributes. Finally, the attributes that need to be improved are listed in a suggested order of priority.

1 illus, 16 ref

024843   FENG M, YAN Y, HAO R (Science and Technology Univ, Beijing- 100 083, P R china, Email: fengmei@ustb.edu.cn) : Research on quantitative measurement and feature analysis of industrial overcapacity. J Sci Ind Res 2018, 77(1), 11-4.

Based on the production function method, this paper examines Chinese industry under the different stages of Chinese economic development. The study involves selected indicators of the gross value of industrial output, fixed capital stock, labor input, and energy input. In addition, the panel data fixed effects model is used to measure the capacity utilization of Chinese industries, and analyze the main features of the excess capacity. Finally, according to the research results, this paper puts forward some suggestions to solve the contradictions between overcapacity.

2 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

024842   SAHINYILMAZ M, YIGIT M (Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Univ, Canakkale, Turkey, Email: muratyigit@comu.edu.tr) : Adaptation, growth and bio-economic evaluation of wild-caught salema (Sarpa salpa Linnaeus, 1758) juveniles in culture conditions. Indian J Geo-Mar Sci 2018, 47(03), 694-701.

Present study was conducted to provide information on the adaptation capability of salema to culture conditions and evaluate growth performance and bio-economic benefits as a potential candidate for marine aquaculture and alternative to fishing. Wild fish caught using casting nets were fed with trash fish initially until adapted to tank conditions. Thereafter fish were adapted to pellets by gradual replacement of trash feed. Dry feed adapted fish were then fed experimental diets containing four different protein levels (25, 30, 35, and 40 %). Overall, salema fed lower protein diets showed better performance and bio-economic results. Broken-line analyses indicated that the optimum protein for best performance were 30.5 % under the conditions applied in this study. Finally, salema might be acclimatized to culture conditions and artificial diets, however, further studies are encouraged under different water temperatures with long-term feeding and different stocking densities, artificial spawning and fry production before a conclusion on the feasibility of salema culture can be made.

1 illus, 3 tables, 53 ref

024841   KARIM E, QUN L, KHATUN M H, RAHMAN M F, MEMON A M, HOQ M E, MAHMUD Y (Ocean Univ of China, Qingdao- 266 003, China, Email: qunliu@ouc.edu.cn) : Estimation of the marine Pomfret fishery status of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh: Sustainability retained. Indian J Geo-Mar Sci 2018, 47(03), 686-93.

The status of Pomfret fishery of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh was analyzed by using non-equilibrium surplus production models with a view to evaluate MSY based on (2003-2015) 13 years catch and effort data. Three surplus production models of Fox, Schaefer and Pella- Tomlinson including three error assumptions of normal, log-normal and gamma were used by applying CEDA software package. Initial proportion (IP) value of 0.2 was used because the starting catch was only about 20 % of the maximum catch. The MSY output of Fox models were 22,177MT and 21,177MT under the error assumptions of normal and log-normal, while Schaefer and Pella-Tomlinson models produced similar MSY of 33,511MT and 33,138MT. The outcomes from the log-normal error assumption of Fox model was produced the same model. goodness The of estimated fit R² (0.678) MSY value from which Schaefer was and smallest Pella-Tomlinson among all models models whereas were not highest as suitable biomass, to accept B_final (137640) as because was the found value from of coefficients of variation (CV) were too small. The Fox model estimates (normal and log-normal assumption) are close to the recent landings (11,067MT) of Pomfrets which are more conservative and hence the best fit. This study points out that Pomfrets stock of Bangladesh remains in a satisfactory level.

2 illus, 4 tables, 32 ref

024840   RADHAKRISHNAN K, PRAKASH S, NARAYANAKUMAR R, KRISHNAN M, MADAN M S, KUMAR N R (ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai -400 061, Email: theradhakrishnan@outlook.com) : Economic analysis of marine fishing crafts in Thoothukudi province, Tamil Nadu. Indian J Geo-Mar Sci 2018, 47(03), 653-9.

Marine fisheries contribute considerably to the national economy. Fastest growth rate has observed in marine fish production; is attributed equipment modernization in fishing crafts and advancement of fishing technology. Even though, same level of inputs are exerted; there is a discrepancy in their economic performance and efficiency. Therefore, present study was carried out to analyse the inputs use which will give maximum optimal output. The primary data was collected from the 40 respondents from each sector namely mechanized, motorized and traditional, using a pre-tested interview schedule. The stepwise multiple regression approach was performed to find out the most influential variables in each kinds of the fishing crafts. The mechanized crafts have the greater net profit (₹ 9.12 lakhs) and financial performance (58 %) than those of the motorized and traditional crafts. The annual fishing days, labour wages and fuel were positively influenced gross revenue of the all the fishing crafts.

3 illus, 5 tables, 25 ref

024839   QAYUM S, ZHU W (Ocean Univ of China, Quingdao- 266 100, China, Email: zhuouc94@yahoo.com) : An overview of international and regional laws for the prevention of marine oil pollution and ?International obligation of Pakistan?. Indian J Geo-Mar Sci 2018, 47(03), 529-39.

Pakistan presents an interesting picture as it brings distinctive constraints in developing efficient marine oil pollution mechanisms to response marine oil pollution infrastructure among developing countries. The country has been quite proactive in ratifying the IMO instruments concerning marine oil pollution and even it has been quite slow to take steps to implement these measures in national domain. This article, with a brief focus on international and regional legal initiatives on marine pollution, considers the existing municipal legal framework of Pakistan to handle the issue. It has been revealed that the issue of marine pollution is not considered seriously by Pakistan yet and the existing domestic laws are mostly insufficient and leniently implemented.

1 table, 46 ref

024838   MOHSIN M, MU Y T, MEHAK A, MEMON A M (Ocean Univ of China, Quingdao- 266 003, China, Email: ytmu@ouc.edu.cn) : Maximum sustainable yield appraisal for Indian oil sardine Sardinella longiceps in Pakistani marine waters: An update. Indian J Geo-Mar Sci 2018, 47(03), 522-8.

The highest and the lowest catch quantity of S. longiceps was observed in 1993, 92704 Mg, and 2010, 20127 Mg respectively, whereas average catch quantity of this fishery resource remained 44265 Mg year^-1 during the study period (1990-2010). To estimate MSY we applied IP (B₁/K) of 0.7 because the initial catch was about 70 % of the maximum catch. For Fox model computed values of MSY, CV and R² by using log and log-normal assumption were 21734 Mg, 0.2180, 0.841 and 27477 Mg, 0.1033 and 0.815 in that order. Calculated figures of same parameters for Schaefer model were 27609 Mg, 0.1925, 0.838 and 32665 Mg, 0.1217, 0.815 respectively, while for Pella-Tomlinson model their values were 27609 Mg, 0.2062, 0.838 and 32665 Mg, 0.1173, 0.815 correspondingly. Gamma error assumption did not produce rational results in all the three models used. Fox model appeared to be more conservative as compared to other models in terms of MSY calculation and produced higher R² values. Obtained results suggest that fishery stock of this aquatic resource is in safe condition and therefore harvest should be kept at the current level.

3 illus, 2 tables, 32 ref

024837   ANUJA A, YADAV V K, KRISHNAN M, KUMAR N R (ICAR - Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai 400 061, Email: vinod_iasri@yahoo.co.in) : Catch rates and sustainable yield of hook and line fishery -A case study of Kombuthurai village of Thoothukudi district of Tamil Nadu. Indian J Geo-Mar Sci 2018, 47(02), 489-97.

To estimate the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and optimum effort (F_MSY) values during 2009-2013, the surplus production models (Schaefer and fox) were used. For the Schaefer model, they were 434 tons (R²=0.99) and 1252 hours respectively, while from the fox model the values were 625 tons (R²=0.99) and 1000 hours respectively. For the period 2009-2013 the estimated monthly MSY and F_MSY values for the Schafer model were 36.95 tons (R²=0.88) and 185 hours respectively, while from the fox model it was 31.8 tons(R²=0.99) and 200 hours respectively. The sustainable catch during the study period (2009-2013) on a yearly basis was confirmed from MSY level, and hence, the overall catch can be considered as sustainable.

6 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref

024836   DUGGIRALA A, JANA R K, SHESU R V, BHATTACHARJEE P S (Indian Institute of Management, Raipur 492 015, Email: rkjana1@gmail.com) : Design optimization of deep groove ball bearings using crowding distance particle swarm optimization. Sadhana 2018, 43(1), 9.

This paper presents a crowding distance particle swarm optimization technique to optimize the design parameters of deep groove ball bearings. The design optimization problem is multi-objective in nature. The considered objectives are maximizing dynamic and static load bearing capacities and minimizing elastohydrodynamic film thickness. The technique is applied to bearings used in transmission system of a tractor for the purpose of farming. Pareto optimal solutions are obtained using the proposed technique. The results obtained from the technique are found to be superior compared with NSGA-II and catalogue values.

10 illus, 36 ref

024835   SAHDEV A K, SETHI B, RAWAT S L, SINGH A (Innovative Coll of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh) : Significance of some medicinal plants in Bhimtal region: Introduction, importance and their market formulations. Int J Herb Med 2018, 6(1), 30-9.

The plants are indispensable to man in his life. Apart from being an excellent source of food, clothing and shelter the plant kingdom has provided us with enormous plants with healing and curing properties to treat various diseases. Plants have been used since ancient times to heal and cure diseases and to improve health and wellbeing. Medicinal plants are chiefly used for curing stomach pain, fever, cold and cough, bleeding and wounds, fungal infection, burns, rheumatic pain, insect bite, influenza, diarrhoea, jaundice and cirrhosis. Medicinal plant provides herbal medicines to the peoples. Herbal medicines are also referred to as herbal remedies, herbal products, herbal medicinal products, phytomedicines, phytotherapeutic agents and phytopharmaceuticals. These medicinal plants are of great importance in various drug dosage forms. For the purpose of this study to collect sixteen medicinal plants from Bhimtal region. The collection of drug was done in the month of April and May 2014. The detailed study of these medicinal plants along with their marketed formulations was done from various sources.

16 illus, 33 ref

024834   MAGALHAES E R B, SILVA F L, SOUSA M A D S B, SANTOS E S D (Chemical Engineering Dep, Federal Univ of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, Email: everaldo@eq.ufrn.br) : Use of different agro-industrial wastes and produced water for biosurfactant production. Biosci Biotech Res Asia 2018, 15(1), 17-26.

The high and increasing environmental concern about chemical surfactants triggers attention to more eco-friendly compounds, which are capable of presenting low toxicity and biodegradable nature. This study has evaluated the emulsifying potential of broths obtained from production of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AP 029/GLVIIA using different agro-industrial wastes as carbon source, and the influence of using produced water in the culture medium then acting as an inducer. There were used residues of coconut, cashew, sugar cane, carnauba, and moringa seeds. These materials were chemically characterized and used in the production of biosurfactant broths. The emulsifying activity and the surface tension were used as indirect analysis for determining the production of rhamnolipids on biosurfactant broth. For coconut and cashew residues the pH emulsion was observed along time at different temperatures such as 4ºC, 25ºC and 40ºC The emulsification index of all broths were assessed with and without presence of produced water in the culture medium and has indicated the stability of the emulsion along time. Coconut and cashew residues showed a better stability of oil/water emulsion than the other ones, evidencing their potential surfactants. The lowest surface tension about 40 N/m and the highest contact angle (approximately 69º) were observed for the coconut residue.

5 illus, 35 ref

024833   ASMELASH B, DAWIT M, KABEDE E (Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Coll, Ethiopia, Email: bruhasmelash@yahoo.com) : Characterization of village chicken production and breeding practices of smallholders in Eastern Ethiopia. J Vet Sci Technol 2018, 9 (1), 507.

The study was conducted in Eastern Ethiopian districts of Oromia regional State such as Meta, Deder, Goro Gutu, Babile, and Jigjiga districts of Somali regional state. So far in Eastern Ethiopia, very little effort has been made in characterization of village chicken production, husbandry and identification of smallholder’s trait selections. Therefore, this study was initiated with the aim of characterization of village chicken production, husbandry, breeding practices and identification of smallholder’s trait selection in Eastern Ethiopia. Majority (42.29 %) of respondents maintained large proportion of layers in the flock in the study area. The village chicken production of the study districts were characterized by poor management which used scavenging system as major feed resources (99 %), no appropriate house (93.3 %), no regular vaccination (100 %) and uncontrolled breeding. The mean annual egg production of the village chicken of the districts was estimated at 51.66 in an average of 3.69 production cycles a year. All smallholders in the study area keep chickens principally for cash income more important than egg and meat production for home consumption. Moreover, majority of respondents get benefit (31.74 %) from chicken manure through application as a fertilizer for garden vegetable production in their backwards. The respondents (89 %) confirmed that “Fengil” (New castle disease), “Albasa” (Coccidiosis) and “Kinkin” (External parasites) are the serious disease outbreak results in complete devastation of the flock. Most stallholders ranked first the egg size birds laying (0.412) and second reproduction performances (0.276) among their selection criteria’s. Only few respondents (35 %) reared their own cock for a breeding purpose and majority had no breeding experience in improving their chicken productivity.

6 tables, 15 ref

024832   BELINA D, BELACHEW W, HIKO A, DUGUMA A, HASEN I, URJI A, LEMMA S (Haramaya Univ, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia, Email: belina.timketa@gmail.com) : Assessments of challenges and marketing channels of skin and hide in Eastern Ethiopia. J Vet Sci Technol 2018, 9 (1), 510.

A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2015 to September 2017 on skin and hide defects, handling practice and marketing channel in east and west Hararghe zone, Oromia region. In this study, both purposive and random samplings were used to select the districts (Babille, Haramaya, Chiro and Chiro zuria), PAs and households from the two zones. A total of 247 respondents from households, butcheries, municipal abattoirs, middlemen and local skin and hide collectors were interviewed. Direct wet skin and hide observation and follow up investigation was also made on 62 cattle hide, 86 sheep and 99 goat skins from 136 different sites to collection centers along the marketing channel to the tannery plant. The result of the study showed 17 % of the respondents had no understanding on contribution of skin and hide in national economy and only 34 % of the participants had sold skin and hide to local collectors and traders whereas 12.1 % of the participants preferred to use skin or hide for coverings of home materials. The study also revealed involvement of illegal traders, poor infrastructures, uneven distribution of collectors were some of the main challenges in skin and hide marketing and rejection at tannery because of damages during flaying and preslaughter factors like skin diseases and ectoparasites, poor preservation techniques, storage and transportation methods were identified as the main factors downgrading skin and hide. Of the 247 wet blue skin and hides examined at Mojo tannery PLC only 4.9 % fall in export level grading score (grade 1-4), 27.1 % were rejected and the left fall in grading level supplied to local market. Hence, there was knowledge gap in skin and hide handling practices and poor market access. Therefore, awareness creation and building link amongst producer to collector, trader and tannery were recommended.

4 tables, 38 ref

024831   AMBADI A, KRISHNAMURTY D, RAO S, DESAI B K, RAVI M V, SHUBHA S (Agricultural Sciences Univ, Raichur- 584 104, Email: murthyagron@gmail.com) : Yield potential and economics of Rabi sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) as influenced by different crop residues and green biomass composts. J Appl Nat Sci 2018, 10(1), 128-32.

A field experiment was conducted on vertisols at Organic Farming Research Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur coming under northern Karnataka during rabi season of 2015-16 to study the yield potential (q ha^-1) and economics of rabi sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) as influenced by different crop residues and green biomass composts. The experiment consisted of fifteen treatments, of which twelve treatments were based on nitrogen supply though different composts, one recommended dose of fertilizer, one recommended organic and inorganic fertilizers and another was absolute control. Significantly higher grain yield (39.9 q ha^-1) and stover yield (13.2 t ha^-1) was recorded with application of FYM @ 3 t ha^-1 + RDF (50:25 N:P₂O₅ kg ha^-1) followed by recommended NP fertilizers (T₁₃: 37.2 q ha^-1) and Cotton stalks + Redgram stalks + Glyricidiasp. with C: N ratio of 30:1 compost @ 50 kg N equivalent (T₁₂: 36.6 q ha^-1). The lowest grain yield was recorded with absolute control (T₁₅: 18.4 q ha^-1). Significantly higher B:C (3.08) was recorded with RDF(50:25 N:P₂O₅ kg ha^-1) + FYM @ 3 t ha^-1 application followed Cotton stalks +Redgram stalks + Glyricidia sp. with C: N ratio of 30:1 compost @ 50 kg N equivalent (T₁₂:2.90) over other treatments. Application of recommended FYM @ 3 t ha^-1 15 days before sowing along with 50 kg of nitrogen and 25 kg of phosphorus per hectare at the time of sowing recorded higher dry matter production, grain and stover yield and net returns and benefit: cost ratio.

4 tables, 13 ref

024830   DIXIT A, DIXIT R (Basmati Export Development Foundation, Meerut- 250 110, Email: dixit59@yahoo.co.in) : Authenticity and food safety issues in basmati rice export. Bull Pure Appl Sci-Sect B 2018, 37B(1), 37-41.

Basmati is long grain aromatic rice which is highly favoured and fetches higher prices in domestic as well as in the world market. Though India exports both Basmati and non- Basmati rice varieties, Basmati has become a major export item among agricultural products due to increase in its global popularity and hence demand, especially in the Gulf and European countries. The significant price differences between Basmati and non-Basmati rice varieties have come out with practices to adulterate Basmati with non-Basmati varieties. Export of Basmati rice has also faced problems in the last few years in different markets such as the U.S., E.U. and Iran owing to detection of heavy metals, aflatoxins and pesticide residues.

10 ref

023881   JAYANTHI R (Commerce Dep, Vidhya Sagar Women's Coll, Tamil Nadu) : Fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector in India: A study. Int J Multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(12), 91-7.

Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) are products that are sold quickly and at relatively low cost. Examples include non-durable goods and soft drinks, toiletries, over-the-counter drugs, processed foods and other consumables. FMCG is the 4th largest sector in the Indian economy and is valued at about USD 49 billion as of 2016 (as per IBEF). Household & Personal Care is the leading segment accounting for 50% of the overall market. This is followed by Healthcare at 32% and Food & Beverages comes next in terms of market share at 18%. Under Household & Personal Care, Hair care accounts for about 23% followed by Oral care at 15%, Home care at 6% and Skin care at 5% Credit Appraisal is the process by which a lender appraises the technical feasibility, economic viability and bank ability including creditworthiness of the prospective borrower. However, in the last few years, the FMCG market has grown at a faster pace in rural India compared with urban India. Semi-urban and rural segments are growing at a rapid pace and FMCG products account for 50 per cent of total rural spending. FMCG companies play a pivotal role in our daily lives. From tooth paste, soaps, daily use items etc. FMCG companies have dominated the Indian market and are set to grow further. The FMCG industry has seen some big players but disruption by new players has also changed the Indian scenario. The top Indian FMCG companies include names like HUL, ITC, Nestle and New Entrant Patanjali. The main purpose of this paper is to study and analyze about Fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) Sector in India. This paper focuses on Significance of FMCG Sector, Evolution of FMCG in India, Three main segments of FMCG, Growth in Indian FMCG Sector, Challenges in FMCG Sector, Market Share of Companies in a few FMCG Categories as of October 2017, Top 10 FMCG Companies of India 2017, Strategies Adopted in FMCG, Advantages of FMCG Sector, Trends of FMCG Sector and Scope of the FMCG Sector. Data has been collected from multiple sources of evidence, in addition to books, journals, websites, and newspapers.

2 illus, 4 tables, 13 ref

023880   GURUSAMY P, NDIZIHIWE A M (PG Research & Commerce Dep, CMS Coll of Science & Commerce, TamilNadu) : A study on financial performance of Schuf Speciality valves India private limited in Coimbatore. Int J Multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(12), 84-7.

Finance is the life blood of a business. Circulation of blood is necessary for maintaining life in human body. In the same way, finance is absolutely necessary for the survival and smooth running of a business. Finance is necessary to promote a business, purchase fixed assets, buy raw materials, produce goods and market them. Without finance, the business would come to a halt. The success of the firm is judged by its financial performance which depends upon its financial ability and solvency. Finance is the fundamental requirement for any business enterprise, to carry on operations and achieve the goals.

1 illus, 2 tables, 5 ref

023879   ISA A A (Career Point Univ, Rajasthan) : The impact of computerized accounting information system on management performance in public sector in Nigeria: Problems and prospects. Int J Multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(12), 80-3.

Accounting is the art of recording, classifying and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events that are, in part at least, of a financial character and interpreting the results thereof for consumptions. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is an extended term for information technology (IT) that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications, computers and the necessary software, middleware, storage and audiovisual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit and manipulate information. The impacts of computerized accounting information system (CAIS) on the executives’ officers of government’s ministries, departments or agencies were considered in terms of accounting framework and operating procedure in the public sectors in Nigeria. The study pinpoints some of the problems associated with the implementation of CAIS such as high costs of implementations of hardware and software, costs of maintaining the system and it require special skills. Others are reduction of employee, inadequate security and having quality of backup and print accessories. The study further revealed the prospects of implementing CAIS such as to lower operating costs, improve efficiency, increased functionality, better external reporting, improved accuracy and faster processing of data in the system. The paper concludes that the impacts of computerized accounting information system on the executives’ officers of government’s ministries, departments or agencies considered only accounting framework and operating procedure in the public sectors in Nigeria. And also the study recommends that Governments should implement substantial security measures such as policies, guidelines, standards, and procedures to protect IT infrastructure through the use of physical, logical, environmental and administrative controls. Management must educate and continue to put employees on strict awareness of their confidentiality duty, as special skills is mostly capable of defeating physical security controls in the working environment.

6 ref

023878   LUNGU N, PHIRI W (The Univ of Zambia, Zambia) : A critical evaluation of credit risk management and loan performance in microfinance institutions: A case of a leading microfinance company, Lusaka, Zambia. Int J Multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(11), 131-6.

The purpose of the study was to conduct a critical evaluation on how credit risk management practices impacts on loan performance in selected microfinance companies of Lusaka district, Zambia. The study used client appraisal, credit terms and collection policy as the dimensions of the credit risk management practices. A case study research design was employed in order to obtain a deeper insight on the subject under investigation. The target population included Management and clients from one of the leading microfinance company which was studied in detail as a case study. Questionnaires, structured interviews and observations were used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data was analysed using themes derived from the research objectives and quantitative data was analysed using SPSS. The findings of the study revealed that client appraisal showed a strong correlation (r = 0.896) impact on the performance of the loans. It was further revealed that the company’s implementation of the 5C’s model (Character, collateral, capacity, capital and condition) was done in isolation. The study furthermore unearthed that there was no link among the 5Cs in the appraisal process at the organisation under investigation. The study findings also indicated that the credit terms such as high interest rate which the company was charging lead to loan default. It also came to light that the charges of other fees on loans reduced the loan amount which the client got; that lead to diversion of funds to unintended purposes. The study furthermore revealed that, the company’s failure to stringently follow the recovery process caused clients to default on their loan repayment obligation. Based on research findings, the following recommendations emerged: 1.Management of Entrepreneurs Financial Centre should ensure that implementation of the appraisal process model strictly follow the 5Cs (character, collateral, capacity, condition and capital) model without compromising on any element. 2. Management of the entity should prioritize the training of staff doing the appraisal process. 3. The management and board of the company should explain interest rate charged on the loans to clients and they should ensure that borrower’s accept to pay both the interest and principle. 4. Management of the entity under review should reduce the interest rates by reducing other loan cost. 5 The board through management of the company should make sure that the collection process is implemented stringently.

3 illus, 26 ref

023877   REDDY B S, LALITHA K (Lecturer in Commerce, Government Degree College Chebrolu, Andhra Pradesh) : Road to prosperity: FMCG products: A case study of Guntur district. Int J Multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(11), 50-4.

Liberalization of an Indian Economy. Liberalization of an Economy has its own pros and cons. The decision to liberalize the Indian Economy at the beginning of the 1990s had far-reaching consequences. On the marketing front, there was the arrival of many well-known MNCs, which are household brands in the international market today. A relevant example is of Hindustan Unilever, the largest FMCG Company generating half of its annual income from rural market. As the Fast Moving Consumer Goods are low priced and many brands and companies are involved in the manufacturing and production of same categories of products, it becomes really difficult to project a special place in the minds of the consumers. Therefore, marketers have to think of special plans and ways in which they can attract consumers towards their products even at the time of normal economic circumstances or at the time of boom in the economy. Therefore, at the time of recession, the difficulties increase even more. As we all have seen or heard about the most recent recession that has affected the world economy really badly, it became difficult for many industries to survive. Similar is the case with FMCG as well. As it is a low priced and high volume area to work upon, it became really difficult for sellers to make or increase the profit margin regarding the same. The main reason for this is that due to recession and a need to save money people prefer buying cheaper brands as compared to highly expensive ones. Due to the profit margin being lower than other industries, it becomes really difficult for these FMCG companies.

5 illus, 5 tables, 6 ref

023876   RANI P (Commerce Dep, Govt. PG Coll of Women, Haryana) : A study of financial performance: A comparative analysis of axis and ICICI bank. Int J Multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(11), 12- 20.

Banking Sector plays an important role in economic development of a country. The banking system of India is featured by a large network of bank branches, serving many kinds of financial services of the customer. The Axis bank is a 3rd largest private sector bank in India. Headquarter of Axis is at Mumbai, the bank has 3,304 branches, 14,163 ATMs and 9 international offices. The Bank has 80 lakh customer services and 2.25crs transaction handed as on 31st March 2017. The Bank has 80 lakh customer services and 2.25crs transaction handed as on 31st March 2017. The Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India, popularly known as ICICI is 2nd largest and leading bank of private sector in India. The Bank has 4,850 branches and 13,882 ATMs in India as on 31st march, 2017. The main aim of this study is to examine the financial performance of Axis and ICICI Bank, both are private sector bank. The research is descriptive and analytical in nature. The data used for the study was entirely secondary nature. The present study is conducted to compare the financial performance of Axis and ICICI Bank on the basis of ratios such as credit deposit, net profit margin etc. The period of study taken is from the year 2012-13 to 2016-17. The study found that Axis is performing well and financially sound than ICICI Bank but in context of deposits and expenditure ICICI bank has better managing efficiency than Axis bank.

10 illus, 10 tables, 9 ref

021274   Viswanath D A;Ramesh S;Prasad K V;Adarsha H; Ranganatha Swamy M K (NO, , ) : Productivity improvement of CNC machines using automatic loading and unloading system. J Prod Res Mgmt 2017, 7(2), 29-33.

Industries are a major part of life since the industrial revolution, but industries of recent times are finding peculiar ways of being in the hard-fought competition. The new revolution must be the extensive usage of computer numerical control machines for high productivity with same quality, or sometimes, better. But these CNC machines also have few problems which have to be dealt with. One of the major problems is loading and unloading of the work piece to the machine by the operator. Rectifying this problem will reduce the operator fatigue, cycle time reduction, cost reduction and higher productivity. This paper deals and discusses some of the few methods to automate the loading and unloading of the CNC. The paper titled "Productivity improvement of CNC machines using automatic loading and unloading system", involves with the consequences of automation.

021273   Joshi K;Bhatt D (NO, , ) : Evaluation of existing maintance management scenario of indian smes to address the difficulties and critical parameters. J Prod Res Mgmt 2017, 7(2), 17-28.

Indian small and medium enterprises need to build and maintain competitiveness against the challenges posed by globalization. To achieve a sustainable growth, the ministry of MSME, government of India has launched lean manufacturing competiveness scheme (LMCS). Under it, a cluster of 8 to10 MSMEs are formed to implement various lean principles. National Productivity Council has reported only 58% success rate for pilot phase implementations but on the ground, the sustention rate is much lower. The investigation has been made in such a cluster to evaluate the existing scenario of maintenance management and to present contextual issues for execution and sustention of maintenance management strategy. 10 cases were undertaken with methodology of structured questionnaire and semi structured interviews. The SPSS software was utilized to perform the required statistical analysis of collected data. This research would present the insight of Indian SMEs with new data and findings not only on the maintenance management but also provide the navigation for establishment of sustainable lean culture. The results of investigation bring the focus on critical issues with indicators and guidelines for improving productivity through maintenance management strategy.

021272   Elifneh Y W (NO, , ) : Business process re-engineering with focus on critical success and failure factors. J Prod Res Mgmt 2017, 7(2), 1-7.

The paper presents a literature review of business process reengineering (BPR). Although there are a number of BPR articles in the literature, there is still lack of literature review in this field that focuses on pinpointing the success and failure factors behind implementing BPR. The drive of this review is to gain a basic as well as greater understanding of the critical success and failure factors in implementing BPR. In doing so, this review illustrates a brief overview of the concept of BPR, overview of BPR success and failure factors along with selected BPR success and failure models, and it will also portray the distinction between BPR and (continuous) improvement, and it finally concludes with outlining concluding remarks with due emphasis on BPR success and failure factors. However, the study is limited to the author's ability to review already existing literature in the field of BPR.

018352   Purwanto U S;Raihan (Faculty of Industrial Engineering, Jakarta Islamic Univ, Indonesia) : Effect of service quality and corporate image on customer satisfaction and loyalty in mobile telecommunication industry in Indonesia. Int J multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(10), 6-11.

This study aims to investigate what impact service quality and corporate image have on customer satisfaction and loyalty in mobile telecommunication industry in Indonesia. This study was driven by the fact that research on the simultaneous relationship between these four variables is relatively sparse, especially in the context of mobile telecommunication industry in Indonesia. The sample involved in this study comprises of 147 mobile phone users in Jakarta. The sample was distributed on five mobile telecommunication operators: Telkomsel, Indosat Ooredoo, Tri, XL Axiata, and Smartfren. As hypothesed in this study, it was found that service quality, corporate image, and customer satisfaction are important antecedents of customer loyalty. The results provided a contribution to the literature by examining the simulateneous relationship involving service quality, corporate image, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. The results of this study imply that the mobile telecommunication operators should be aware that customer satisfaction and loyalty is a prerequisite condition for the success to compete. Therefore, the operator have to improve their quality of service. In addition, the operators should be aware that they need to enhance their corporate image. The premise is that customer satisfaction and loyalty is influenced by the extent to which their corporate image.

1 illus, 7 tables, 19 ref

016363   Yan M R (Insititute of International Business Administration, Chinese Culture Univ, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC, Email: mjyen@sce.pccu.edu.tw) : Strategic product innovations and dynamic pricing models in oligopolistic market. J scient ind Res 2017, 76(5), 284-8.

Product innovations are one of the most critical driving forces for business developments and competitive advantages. However, commercialization of innovations and a proper pricing strategy for the innovative products is needed to pursue the market value as well as the premium profits. A firm's pricing decision is regarded as one of the most business challenges in a competitive market, especially in dual competition and oligopolistic market. Although previous studies have addressed the tactics of price competition with diverse models, there is a need for systematic analyses regarding the dynamic price competition and a firm's strategic decision for innovative products. In this paper, System Dynamics (SD) methodology was adopted to propose a simulation-based Strategy Dynamics Pricing Model (SDPM) as a decision support system. Through iterative computer simulations, the impact of product innovations and the dynamic price competition in oligopolistic market could be systematically analyzed. Strategic pricing decisions for product innovations and market competition would be enhanced with the analysis for better innovation management.

1 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

016362   Lee S J;Lin G T R;Hsi P H (National Pilot School of Software, Yunnan Univ, China, Email: gtrl@faculty.nctu.edu.tw) : Industrial cluster development and its contribution of economic growth in Taiwan - hsinchu science and industrial park (HSIP). J scient ind Res 2017, 76(5), 273-8.

The development of industrial cluster plays a significant role in the growth of national industries, and the industrial cluster development indeed makes a great impact on the progression of national industries, especially in developing countries. Under the fiercely global trends in competition, industrial cluster has been identified as an important strategy to keep the development of regional industries in a sustainable trajectory, and a good implementation of industrial cluster usually reflects on the cluster region carrying within a large number of Small and Medium-Sized - 353 - Enterprises (SMEs). Through the clustering of businesses and industries, the corresponding geographical proximity, and the promotion of mutual support and learning, businesses and industries located in the cluster region can further acquire the advantages of Economy of Scale and those of Economy of Scope. Meanwhile, the successful experience of Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park (HSIP) has become a good model for many countries to learn the development of Science Park, and the most contribution of HSIP is transforming the labour-intensive industries to talent-intensive industries. Also, it directly promotes the development of high-technology industries in a sustainable trajectory. Most important of all, the success of HSIP created the so-called "Taiwan Economic Miracle" in the later twentieth century, and it led Taiwan to be one of "Four Asian Tigers".

2 illus, 3 tables, 34 ref

016361   Feng M;Yu K;Hao R (Donlinks School of Economics and Management, Univ of Science and Technology Beijing, No. 30, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China, Email: haorongnfc@hotmail.com) : Evaluation of regional industry transfer undertaking ability based on sustainable development. J scient ind Res 2017, 76(5), 269-72.

This study finds six factors which have a great influence on regional industry transfer undertaking ability: level of technical research and development, cost conditions, market potential, industrial supporting capacity, level of regional development, and environmental carrying capacity. The study collects the relevant data from 2000 to 2014 in the Jing-jin-ji Region and calculates the factor and comprehensive score of its industry transfer undertaking ability. The results show that the practice of evaluating these six factors can provide suggestions for the promotion of regional industry transfer.

1 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

008244   Sunantha B;Mudgal B V (NO, , ) : Identifying risk consequences affecting Berth construction projects. J Constr Engng Technol Mgmt 2016, 6(1), 57-60.

Construction project is a complex system which has several characteristics such as specific objectives, time limit, financial constraints and economic requirements, organizational and legal conditions, complexity and systematic characteristics. Many construction companies working in the port and harbor projects are facing several issues during the construction period and influence complicated relations which include direct, indirect, obvious and unpredictable. Berth is a ship platform used for loading and unloading of cargo vessels. Type of construction is a land mode construction. The main aim of this project is to identify the risks during construction of berths and analyze the risks by quantitative methods. Questionnaires have been developed through site visits, and interaction with experts. Risks have been identified through a structured questionnaire. Quantitative methods are used to present statistical measures. Relative Importance Index (RII) is used to rank the risk factors. A ranking of risk factors affecting the construction activities have been discussed and developed. These factors have been used to identify the effect on project duration and cost. Risk assessment can be used to establish priorities so that most dangerous situations are addressed first and are least likely to occur. From this study carried out in berth construction, risk ratings were made and analyzed; and shows the risk involvement in berth during the construction period.

008243   Shrivastava S;Ram Prasad V S (NO, , ) : Reformulating value added ratio using a construction job site case study. J Constr Engng Technol Mgmt 2016, 6(1), 61-9.

Lean principles have already been successfully implemented in reducing wastage in manufacturing industries such as automobile industry. The present work focuses on application of lean principles at micro level in a quality control lab of a highway project in order to increase the productivity and decrease the proportion of non-value adding time. The total time was broadly categorized into five different categories namely, moving time, waiting time, setup time, process time and reworking time. The total time reduction for a given set of experiments was found to be significant. It was observed that mainly three factors were responsible for the time wastage and decreased productivity: a. technical knowhow of the workers, b. experience of the workers with the setup and the working environment, and c. management of resources required for the experiments. Further, value added ratio was reformulated based on the observations made on site. The article also presents the proposed definitions and formulae. Recommendations are provided at the end in order to increase the productivity and value added ratio in a similar setup.

008242   Sathish Kumar R (Commerce Dep, MIET Arts & Science College, Gundur, Tamil Nadu) : Measurement and management of cash flow efficiency of Tata Steel limited (Stand alone company). Int J latest Technol Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(8), 53-7.

Cash is very important component in business. The main purpose of this study is to examine the incremental information content of operating cash flows in predicting the cash flow position of Tata Steel Limited. The present study covers 15 financial years from 2000-01 to 2014-15 to make analysis of cash flows is deemed quiet sufficient. Detailed cash flow analysis was made in Tata Steel (Standalone) company by adopting case study method. Ratio analysis, Simple percentage and cash management efficiency model were used for analysis. The overall cash flows of the company are good. If the company increases the operating cash flows to meet the total debt capital, it will lead to increase the better performance in cash flows.

6 tables, 6 ref

008241   Rezouki S E;Ani S N H (NO, , ) : Project management maturity model (PMMM) in construction industry. J Constr Engng Technol Mgmt 2016, 6(1), 1-13.

Construction industry has a major role in social and economic development. However, high investment and large scale operation are some of the major problems in this industry, which is in sharp contrast with inferior management and low benefit. So project directors are seeking ways to improve their organizational management company's level to complete and control the implementation of their projects efficiently. The competition in the markets of construction industry is now becoming stronger due to dealing with globalized economy over the world. Maturity models are becoming more popular because of its diversity and ability to have more control on the cost-effectiveness and project duration. It has been adopted more and more by other project management organizations as a key strategy to stay competitive in the construction industry environment day by day. This type of model allows the organization of construction companies to determine what steps are to be taken, what actions must be achieved and also the succession to achieve meaningful and measurable results. By the help of maturity model, organizations can determine the construction ability to provide high performance and implementation of the project on time. Maturity models are focusing on the obvious link between the potential of the organization in the field of portfolio management, programs management and projects management, high efficiency in the application of strategies, and that have a direct financial strength output. The model has three inter-related components which are knowledge, assessment, and improvement. Main use of using the maturity models are to increase the capabilities of any contracting company towards maturity levels by finding factors which has the most direct impact on successful implementation of the model in the organization by finding its size, complexity and initial maturity when applying the assessment; organization's strategic objectives nature; and the available resources.

008240   Kowshik C N (NO, , ) : Key performance indicators for personnel performance appraisal system in construction industry. J Constr Engng Technol Mgmt 2016, 6(1), 39-44.

Personnel Performance Appraisal (PPA) is a systematic process to evaluate and measure the performance of employees and to assist them to improve their job performance and contribute to overall organizational performance. Project success is measured from individual performance to organizational performance. To achieve organizational goals, which in turn influences an individual performance; it is necessary to identify key performance indicators. This paper explores identification and assessment of key performance indicators through literature review. Key performance indicators such as; motivation, communication, satisfaction, are found to play a vital role in a desired appraisal System. Based on identified indicators an improvised PPA for construction organization will be suggested.

008239   Karthik D;Kameshwara Rao C B (NO, , ) : Study on construction labour productivity parameters in India. J Constr Engng Technol Mgmt 2016, 6(1), 42-52.

Construction industry (CI) is one of the major pillars in economy in any country, be it developed or a developing one. CI plays a pivotal role in the capital investment. Construction labour productivity (CLP) has pivotal role to ensure CI contributes to economic growth. It is difficult to improve or even measure CLP as there is a limited comparable input and output. Normally, even the slightest improvement in CLP level in construction sites would greatly benefit the national economy. CLP measurement depends upon the labour constants associated with their adopted attributes in the process and completion of a construction project. Due to lack of suitable data for labour productivity parameters i.e., labour constants and associated attributes of various activities and because there is not enough reliable and meaningful information upon which the industry can rely, it is difficult to form an accurate vision of CLP. The principle reference for this study is IS-7272 part-I. The code contains the recommendation for labour output constants for building work. In this paper, the labour constants used to calculate standard schedule rates (SSR) from various departments in India is collected. Various labour attributes adopted for similar activity is compared. This review paper explains the variations of labour productivity parameters responsible for SSR at central and state level in India, related with similar construction work activities and also influence of selected attributes on respective activity unit rates.

008238   Daizy;Das N (Management Studies Dep, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad-826 004) : Sustainability reporting disclosure: a comparative study of practices by Indian public and private mining companies. Indian J envir Prot 2016, 36(3), 206-16.

Companies have taken several steps to conserve energy through its 'sustainability' initiatives as disclosed in the sustainability' reports. In case of India energy security is very much essential. This study attempts to examine the sustainability reporting practices of top Indian public and private mining companies as per GRI (Global Reporting Initiatives). It examines and compared the various sustainability reporting disclosure practices of the top 50 (25 private and 25 public) Indian mining and mineral companies for a period of 5 years, that is 2007-2012. The study explores the type and extent of information on sustainability disclosed by the companies with the help of sustainability disclosure index. The study reveals that public companies show more information on the sustainability aspects as compared to private companies but not as per Global Reporting Initiatives framework. Volume of disclosure is higher than the quality of disclosure. On the basis of result, it can be suggested that Indian mining companies need to improve their disclosure practices on the sustainability and adopt a proper voluntary framework which can provide relevant information to their stakeholders and should considered sustainability as a important part of their reporting system.

4 illus, 3 tables, 7 ref

008237   Chittaranjan M;Prasad K N (NO, , ) : Brief appraisal and analysis of existing practices in the contracts of infrastructure projects of Indian railways. J Constr Engng Technol Mgmt 2016, 6(1), 14-23.

Railways occupy a prominent position in the infrastructure of India. Existing practices in the project management and infrastructure development with special reference to the Indian railways have been brought out with some details in this paper. Tendering phase is very important in the project construction and maintenance of major railway related works. The principles and practices in the public procurement of projects are examined and suitable improvements in the bidding evaluations are suggested. The success and failure factors of any project are analyzed with a view to understand the dynamics of project management in the Indian context. The system improvements which are the need of an hour to make the Indian railways a more viable and vibrant organization are suggested in detail. A preliminary study of the bidding models in the construction industry as practiced in the US and Canada have been brought out for comparison. The importance of ethics, integrity and work culture in the project management as essential component is underlined apart from fool proof tendering practices.

004119   Singha A;Sonowal P (Sericulture Dep, Assam Agricultural Univ, Jorhat-785 013, Email: asingha85@gmail.com) : Importance of muga silkworm (Antheraea assama Ww.) seed crops. J expl Zool 2016, 19(1), 1215-7.

Muga (Antheraea assama Ww.) silkworm is a multivoltine sericigenous insect rear in outdoor condition for the production of qualitative and quantitative cocoon. Climatic condition plays an important role in ultimate production of good quality raw silk. Outdoor rearing of muga silkworm is hazardous due to adverse climatic factors. In order to avoid the problems of outdoor rearing, indoor rearing has been conducted to protect the mortality of silkworm in early stages. Preservation of seed cocoons were taken to synchronize with the emergence of moth.

18 ref

004118   Khatavkar S;Desai A;Mohite A (Fisheries Engineering Dep, College of Fisheries, Shirgaon, Ratnagiri-415 629, Email: ashishmohite@yahoo.com) : Comparative analysis of marine gillnets of Satpati, Maharashtra. J expl Zool 2016, 19(1), 1223-7.

Gillnet is one of the popular fishing methods along the Indian coast. However, there are regional variation in the design, construction and operation of gillnets. A study on the comparative analysis of marine gillnets operated from the gillnetters of fishing village of Satpati in Palghar district of Maharashtra was undertaken with respect to their technical characteristics. In all five gillnets were observed to be operated from the fishing village of Satpati. Mesh sizes of these gillnets ranged from 75 to 225 mm, aimed at targeting different groups of fishes. Synthetic material like PA monofilament of 0.23 to 0.28 mm and PA multifilament twines ranging from 210d x 3 x 3 to 210d x 15 x 3 were mainly used for fabrication of main webbing of these gillnets. The hanging coefficient of the gill nets ranged from 0.30 to 0.50 while the hung length ranged from 30 to 140 m.

5 tables, 18 ref

004117   Dongare M;Mohite A;Sharangdhar M (Fisheries Engineering Dep, College of Fisheries, Shirgaon, Ratnagiri-415 629, Email: ashishmohite@yahoo.com) : Fishing methods without gear of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. J expl Zool 2016, 19(1), 1229-34.

The present study encompasses the fishing methods without gear practiced in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. Fishing by gathering, with the help of hand and feet, is a community fishing method practiced along the fishing villages of Ratnagiri namely Mirya, Sakhartar, Kasarveli and Karla. Hand picking with the help of long knife like implement locally known as 'Koyati' having length and width varying from 13.5 to 45 cm and 2.5 to 5.5 cm, respectively is commonly used for collection of oysters attached to the rocks during the low tide. Fishing with the help of feet without any use of specialized fishing implement was carried out mostly by group of fisher woman along the muddy shores during the low tide for catching bivalves. Fishing by male divers was carried out by diving in to the creek water by carrying one long bamboo pole and a bivalve storage bag tied to the waist, at a depth of 1.82 to 3.04 m for harvesting bivalves like green mussels with the help of wooden non mechanized fishing craft locally known as Hodi along the banks of the creek of Karla and Bhatye fishing villages of Ratnagiri, Maharashtra.

18 ref

022172   Ostwal K;Jadhav A;More S;Shah P;Shaikh N (Microbiology Dep, Dr. V.M. GMC, Solapur-413 003, Email: karanost55@gmail.com) : Knowledge, attitue and practice assessment of biomedical waste management in tertiary care hospital: It's high time to train ourselves. Int J envir Sci 2015, 5(6), 1115-21.

Aims is to assess and compare the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding biomedical waste management(BMW) in doctors, nurses and class four workers. To assess effectiveness of a training programme regarding BMW management among them. Participants were Doctors (100), nurses(100) and sanitary staff(50). Material and method-Pre-test & post-test questionnaire regarding knowledge, attitude and practice of biomedical waste management followed was given. Results were analysed. Statistical analysis was done using Chi-Square Test and percentage. Statistical analysis was done using SAS (Statistical Analysis System) software version 9.4. Tertiary care hospital attached to medical college, Western Maharashtra. Results: Doctors were having good knowledge followed by nurses followed by sanitary staff. Statistically significant improvement was found after training programme in all groups. knowledge, attitude and practice regarding BMW management varied in different group. It was improved after training programme of BMW management. We recommend that periodic training regarding BMW management should be there.

1 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

019082   Sharma P;Ponnusamy K;Kale R B (Dairy Extension Div, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132 001, Email: ponnusamyk@hotmail.com) : Behavioural changes among women SHGs and their impact on adoption of scientific practices in dairying. Indian J Anim Res 2015, 49(6), 855-9.

Study brings out the evaluation of behavioural construct of 56 members from four self help groups (SHGs) in Karnal district of Haryana, India at two point of time (before and after situation). Comparison of the mean values of both before and after situation using t-statistics (values ranging from 2.25 to 5.50) indicated the positive trend of members for improving their livelihood options. Members were imparted training on scientific dairy farming (SDF) and milk products preparation (MPP). The data revealed that most of the women adopted the SDF practices and MPP technologies which have increased their income through sale of milk and indirectly saving of money by milk products prepared at home. An innovative model involving fortnightly interaction between experts and farm women over a period of 2 to 3 years through group dynamics approach could not only bring a sustainable dairy farming but also a responsible citizenship among villagers.

4 illus, 8 ref