Srinivasamoorthy K;Chidambaram S;Anandhan P; Vasudevan S
017601 Srinivasamoorthy K;Chidambaram S;Anandhan P; Vasudevan S (Earth Sci Dep, Annamalai university, Annamalainagar-608 002) : Application of statistical analysis to hydrogeochemical study of groundwater in hard rock Sterrain, Salem district, Tamilnadu. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 181-90.
A total of 46 groundwater samples representing pre and post monsoons were analyzed. Correlation and correlation coefficient, were identified along with estimation of factor loading. Principal component method was adopted for parameter estimation. Factor score is projected to demarcate zone of representation of each factor and plots overlain to identify positive zones dominated by all factors. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 7.5 was used to perform correlation and factor analysis. Positive zones were contoured by using surfer package Version 6.0. In general, groundwater in study area is primarily influenced by leaching of secondary salts, anthropogenic impact along with chemical weathering. Hydrogeochemical regimes are located in regions covered by peninsular gneiss, along the contacts and in regions of higher industrialization and agricultural activities. Migration of ions towards NE direction in post monsoon indicates movement of ionic plumes along groundwater flow path.
5 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref
Sreenivas B;Das Sharma S
017600 Sreenivas B;Das Sharma S (NO, Natn Geophys Res Inst, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: bsreenivas@ngri.res.in) : An update on stable isotope research in understanding the precambrian atmospheric oxygenation. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 103-20.
A record of stable isotope research especially of carbon, sulphur, nitrogen and iron is presented in understanding the oxygenation during the Paleoproterozoic, which has significantly affected the biological evolution. Both the timing and causes for the atmospheric oxygen-rise remains highly debated. The stable isotope records of carbon, sulfur, nitrogen and iron clearly point out that the atmospheric oxygen started increasing from ~ 2.32 Ga onwards. These stable isotopic records have been found to be useful in revealing many of the significant consequences of the Paleoproterozoic ozygenation event.
7 illus, 1 table, 74 ref
Singh S;Agrawal R;Pandey A
017599 Singh S;Agrawal R;Pandey A (Geography Dep, Univ of Allahabad, Allahabad, U.P.) : Morphological regionalization and morphogenesis in Jabalpur and its adjoining area. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 59-78.
A part of Jabalpur plateau covering an area of 895 km2 and bisected by the Narmada Valley was studied. The region is characterized by complex geological formations wherein the significant rock groups belong to Archaeans, Gondwanas, Deccan traps and other intrusives and Quaternary alluvia. The important lithologies include granites, basalts, limestones, marbles, talc and loose and unconsolidated geomaterials of the Quaternary period but the dominant rocks is basalt. An attempt has been made to identify morhological regions on the basis of morpho-units involving principal component analysis. The determination of morphogenetic region and active morphological processes has been accomplished on the basis of Peltier's method (1950). The region falls under Peltier's moderate morphogenetic region which is under the influence of moderate to intense chemical weathering, moderate mass wasting and mass movement of rockwaste, maximum intensity of fluvial action and moderate intensity of wind action. The region is presently affected by areal fluvial erosion through splash erosion and sheetwash and by linear fluvial erosion mainly through the Narmada and the Gaur perennial rivers and their seasonal tributaries and numerous rills and gullies developed on the alluvial riparian tracts and foot-hills of basaltic hills. The linear fluvial erosion is episodic in nature because of seasonal regime of the rivers as more than 80 percent of annual rainfall is received in less than 45 rainy days.
11 illus, 5 tables, 26 ref
Singh S;Agarwal R;Singh M S
017598 Singh S;Agarwal R;Singh M S (Geography Dep, Univ of Allahabad, Allahabad, U.P.) : Morphological analysis of hill slopes in Jabalpur and its adjoining areas. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 95-110.
The study concentrates on measurement of different segments of seven hill slopes composed of basalts and sedimentaries, analysis of hill slope profiles, study of weathering and slope failure, slope materials and evolution of surveyed hill slopes. The study reveals that all the hill slopes are examples of convexo-concave hills charcterized by repetition of limited free face element. Except Banda pahar, Chota Simla hill and Bergi hill all other profiles have longest concave length (37.5% to 59.26% of total profile lengths. All the hill slope profiles except Chota Simla hill and Bara Simla hill are basaltic hills and are undergoing the process of downwasting and consequent slope flattening and decline. The hills devoid of basaltic capping, experience maximum slope failure caused by deforestation and excavation activity by man.
8 illus, 6 tables, 11 ref
Shrivastava J P;Ahmad M
017597 Shrivastava J P;Ahmad M (Geol Dep, Univ of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, Email: jps1815@yahoo.com) : Compositional studies on Illite-Smectite from iridium enriched and other infra (Lametas)/inter-trappean sediments from Deccan traps. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 121-42.
Trace elements data plots for clay minerals that occur is Anjar K T Sections show fractionation of heavy rare earth elements. The palygorskite derived from diagenetic transformations of other inherited clay minerals, forming a dominant phase in the upper litho-units, show high LREE concentrations as compared to illite ad smectite rich lower litho-units. The impoverishment of HREE in these clays is explained by variation in the pH of the alteration solutions, as LREE accumulate preferentially in sediment profile during alkali alteration state whereas, HREE in acidic solutions. The positive Ce anomalies and inter-element ratios of the illite-smectite reveal that the original cosmic or terrestrial Ir concentration at three levels is enhanced by redistribution, due to abrupt changes in the sedimentary redox conditions. The Eu concentration in clay minerals is variable across the sequence and litho-units show positive Eu anomalies whereas, the Ir enriched layers show negative anomalies. It is inferred that the physico-chemical conditions accountable for the deposition of three Ir rich chocolate-brown clay layers were different, not only from those of other sedimentary units, but also from the Ir hosted fossiliferous siltstone unit.
7 illus, 4 tables, 64 ref
Sethna B S;Ravivarma K
017596 Sethna B S;Ravivarma K (Geol Dep, St. Xavier's Coll, Mumbai-400 001) : Petrology of the Deccan trap basalts of Palitana hill, Saurashtra, Gujarat. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 167-79.
The Palitana hill is situated in the Deccan Traps of southeastern part of Saurasthtra, at Lat. 21° 30' N and Long. 71°50'E. Twelve flow basalt samples have been analyzed for major, trace and rare earth elements. They show basaltic andesite characters and often show high enrichment in K2O, Ba and Rb similar to the "potassium-rich basalts described by Melluso et al. (1995) for the Rajpipla basalts. On the basis of radial dipping character of the lava flows and the presence of high gravity anomaly at Palitana hill it has been concluded that the Palitana hill represents a separate small shield volcano that erupted much later than the main phase that covers the major part of the Deccan Colcanic Province. The possibiloity of mixing of the basaltic and intermediate or acidic magmas has been attributed to the potasium-rich character of these basalts.
6 illus, 3 tables, 25 ref
Sastry R G;Pujari P R
017595 Sastry R G;Pujari P R (Earth Sci Dep, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee-247 667, Email: rgss 1 fes@iitr.ernet.in) : Relative assessment of 3D - analytic signal definitions - a numerical study. J Indian Geophys Union 2005, 9(2), 121-6.
Two alternate definitions for 3D- analaytic signal exist in geophysical literature and their relative performance needs an in-depth study for a proper option. So a numerical study involving a conductive two-prism model is undertaken in this study. FDM generated secondary pole-pole potential data due to this model served as input to out stabilized analytic signal algorithm, RES3AS, which outputs several analytic signal parameters conforming to both the definitions of 4D-analytic signal. Analysis of analytic signal parameters has provided means of assessing position location, lateral widths and depths to top surfaces of both the prisms. Thus assessed model parameters for both options of 3D-analytic signal have suggested that the Nabighian's (1984) defiition for 3D-analytic signal is more effective than that due to Roest, Verhoef & Pilkington (1994) in the interpretation of secondary pole-pole data.
7 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref
Sarmah R
017594 Sarmah R (Geography Dep, Pandu Coll, Guwahati, Assam) : Downstream changes in channel form and grain size in the Jia Dhansiri river (North), Assam, India. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 7-24.
The spatio-temporal changes that took place in channel form and grain size of the Jia Dhansiri river during the period 1995-'99 have been examined. The study on channel form is made through cross-sectional measurements of the river channel at four sample sites viz. Dhansirighat, Barigaon village, Bagishakash village and Thaithali village along the downstream direction and in the years 1995, 1996, 1997 and 1999. This survey reveals that in all the four sites, covering a reach of 16 km., there is considerable degree of variation in silting, scouring of the river bed, average width and depth of the channel, bank recession, channel shape and size. The average rate of bank recession for this reach is estimated at 50 m yr-1. It is estimated that the average rate of channel widening in the 16 km reach stretching from Dhansirighat to Thalthali village is 3.14 m km-1 yr-1. The rate of decrease of depth towards downstream, for this reach during the period under review, was estimated at 1.78 cm km-1 yr-1. Width-depth ratio was also found to be increasing downstream signifying channel widening, reduction in depth and velocity of water leading to deposition of sediments. The grain size of the bank and bed materials are examined in the selected cross-sections together with three additional sites viz. Bhairabkunda, Tarajuli village and Thalthali beel.
6 illus, 6 tables, 25 ref
Sarkar S C;Banerjee S
017593 Sarkar S C;Banerjee S (NO, , 2/31 Viveknagar, Kolkata-700 075) : On some geochemical attributes of a few Zawar rocks, Udaipur district, Rajasthan. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 35-44.
The principal rock types in the Zawar area are phyllite-mica schist, quartzite, dolostone, greywacke and dolomitic carbon phyllite belonging to the Middle Aravalli Supergroup. The dolostone hosts the Zn-Pb mineralisation. The available data on the geochemistry of the dolomitic carbon phyllite and dolostone and their possible interpretations have been discussed. Carbonate content (CaO/MgO generally
3 illus, 7 tables, 10 ref
Sakthivel R;Manivel M;Alagappa Moses A; Chandramohan A;Anand V D
017592 Sakthivel R;Manivel M;Alagappa Moses A; Chandramohan A;Anand V D (Geol Dep, Bharathidasan Univrsity, Tiruchirapalli) : Hydrogeomorphological mapping in Kalrayan hills, Tamil Nadu. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 1-6.
Presents the results of hydrogeomorphological mapping using IRS-1C LISS III data and the demarcation of groundwater potential zones in the Kalrayan hills, Eastern Ghats, Tamil Nadu. In the study, the geomorphic units being identified, by visual interpretation satellite data, are Residual hills (RH), Inselberg (I), Bajada zones (Bz), Valley fills (V), Pediment zone (P), Plateau (with moderate, shallow and highly dissected), lineament (L) etc. It reveals the close relationship between groundwater condition, geology and geomorphology of the study area. It is inferred that the areas covered by Bajada zone, Valley fills and Buried pediments (shallow to medium) are potential zones for groundwater targeting.
2 illus, 1 table, 15 ref
Rashid S A
017591 Rashid S A (Geol Dep, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh-202 002, Email: rashidamu@hotmail.com) : Provenance characteristics of post-Archean clastic sedimentary rocks from Rautgara formation, lesser Himalaya. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 25-34.
The pelites and associated quartites from the post-Archean Rautgara Formation, Lesser Himalaya show goechemical charactertistics more or less similar to that of other well studied shale sequences from various parts of the world such as PAAS (Post Archean Shales from Australia) and NASC (North American Shale Composite). Overall geochemical signatures of the Rautgara sedimentary rocks suggest that they may have been derived from a evolved granitic precursor. Paleocurrent analyses indicate the granitoids from Aravalli and Bundelkhand regions as main source components for the Rautgara sedimentary rocks.
5 illus, 1 table, 20 ref
Randive K R;Prasad G J S;Anil Kumar A;Rama Rao R;Bhaskar Rao Y J;Dayal A M
017590 Randive K R;Prasad G J S;Anil Kumar A;Rama Rao R;Bhaskar Rao Y J;Dayal A M (P.G. Geol Dep, Nagpur Univ, Nagpur) : Picrobasalt and lamprophyre dyke swarm of Bakhatgarh-Phulmal area, Chhota Udaipur alkaline complex, Deccan Igneous province. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 191-212.
Picrobasalt and lamprophyre occur as parallel dykes in the Bakhatgarh - Phulmal sector of the Chhota Udaipur alkaline complex of the Deccan igneous province, India. There are many similarities in field and petrographic characteristics of these dyke rocks. The EPMA analyses of common minerals such as olivine, pyroxene and spinels have indicated pronounced evolutionary trends from picrobasalts to lamprophyres. The total REE content of lamprophyres (71.47) is more (almost double) than that of picrobasalts (33.70); similarly, La/Yb ratio for lamprophyres (9.56) is greater than picrobasalts (6.36). Such features indicate enriched nature of lamprophyres compared to picrobasalts. On the other hand, 87Sr/86Sr ratios for picrobasalts (0.70690) and that of lamprophyres (0.70660) indicate primitive nature of the former. The overall mineralogical and geochemical observations suggest that the picrobasalts and lamprophyres of the Bakhatgarh - Phulmal area are cogenetic and derived from a single parent magma.
10 illus, 5 tables, 37 ref
Ramasamy R;Randive K R;Sathe M
017589 Ramasamy R;Randive K R;Sathe M (Tamil Nadu St Geol & Min Dep, , Madras-600 032, Email: ranadivegsi@yahoo.com) : Decrepitic analyses of carbonatites of Sevvattur, Tamil Nadu. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 143 50.
The Proterozoic (720±20 Ma) carbonatite-alkalic compledx of Sevvattur in North Arcot district of Tamil Nadu, South India intrudes Precambrian basement of the gneissic rocks. It mainly occurs a zoned cone sheets between the major intrusions of pyroxenites and alkali syenites located along a major NE trending lineament. Decrepitic analyses of carbonate and mafic mineral fractiosn sampled from various members of this zoned carbonatitic body were carried out by heating one c.c of the sample and counting deecrepitic impulses at regular (20°C) temperature intervals (from 200°C to 600°C). The results obtained from this preliminary work were interpreted in conjunction with the field and petrographic data. The study has indicated that para-ankeritic beforsite with pyrochlore mineralisation was formed under very high temperature conditions at the lower level of the carbonatite magma chamber.
1 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref
Rajesh E;Anbarasu K;Rajamanickam G V
017588 Rajesh E;Anbarasu K;Rajamanickam G V (Earth Sci Dep, Tamil Univ, Thanjavur) : Geomorphology of the coastal region in and around Marakkanam, Tamil Nadu. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 79-86.
Coastal geomorphology of the area in and around Marakkanam has been discussed. Using aerial photos (1:50,000) and satellite imagery (1:250,000), a coastal geomorphology map has been prepared and the same has been modified after ground truth verifications. The geomorphological studies have indicated the presence of two sereis of beach ridges, paleo-tidal flats, abandoned river channels, mud flats sandy beaches, coastal sand dunes, lagoons and tidal creeks, etc. Paleo-barriers are having the silica and deposits of varying thickness. On the basis of coastal landforms, it is concluded that the study area has undergone two series of sea level oscillations.
3 illus, 1 table, 10 ref
Rajan V K
017587 Rajan V K (Atmospheric Sci Cochin Dep, Univ of Sci & Technol, Cochin-682 016) : Hydrological aspects of Kerala rainfall with special reference to Muvattupuzha. Sci Soc 2005, 3(1), 37-40.
A study on the Monsoon rainfall in Kerala especially durig South-West Monsoon is discussed.
3 ref
Purohit R
017586 Purohit R (Geol Dep, , Udaipur, Rajasthan-313 001) : An overview of stable carbon isotope patterns from precambrian carbonates of the Northwestern Indian shield. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 91-102.
Carbon and oxygen isotope patterns studied in the Precambrian carbonates of the northwestern Indian shield resemble reasonably well to the global distribution pattern. Various studies made world over suggest steep rise in δ13C values during the period between the middle Palaeoproterozoic and Meso-Neoproterozoic transition. Similar high δ13C values are also observed in the carbonates of the northwest Indian shield durig the same period. However, the causes for such a rise have been explained differently by various workers. The values of δ18O isotopes from the region also bear resemblance to the global pattern during the entire Proterozoic period.
3 illus, 1 table, 46 ref
Poornachandra Rao G V S;Mallikharjuna Rao J; Rajendra Prasad N P;Venkateswarlu M;Srinivasa Rao B;Ravi Prakash S
017585 Poornachandra Rao G V S;Mallikharjuna Rao J; Rajendra Prasad N P;Venkateswarlu M;Srinivasa Rao B;Ravi Prakash S (Palaeomagnetism Lab, Natn Geophys Res Inst, Hyderabad-500 007) : Tectonics and correlation of upper kaimur group sandstones by their palaeomagnetic study. J Indian Geophys Union 2005, 9(2), 83-95.
The Upper Kaimur Group rocks of the cindhyan Supergroup are represented by sandstones all over the Vindhyan basin. These have been quite widely sampled for palaeomagnetic studies from Baghain Sandstone (Panna), Dhandraul Sandstone (eastern Son vallely), Diken Sandstone (Rajasthan) and Dudauni Sandstone (Guna-Shivpuri) etc. in order to understand their contemporaneity and tectonics associated with them. Palaeomagnetic signatures from the Dhandraul Sandstone and Dicken Sandstone Formations were recovered from oriented samples collected by using laboratory alternating field and thermal demagnetrization studies. Results of these studies are presented in this paper in detail that helps idenify the ChRM vectors in these formations. The Dhandraul Sandstone from the Son valley revealed both normal and reverse magnetic directions with upward and downward inclinations and the Disken Sandstone from Rajasthan revealed only normal magnetic direction with downward inclination. The remanent magnetic signatures in the Dhandraul Sandstone imply two reversals of the geomagnetic field and indicate shallow northern and southern palaeolatitudinal positions for the Indian subcontinent during Neoproterozoic period similar to that of the Baghain Sandstone of the Panna region. The Dicken Sandstone revealing similar ChRM directions as that of the Malani Rhyolite result in intermediated northern palaeolatitude. Thus the results of palaeomagnetic studies on the Dhandraul Sandstone and Dicken ...
7 illus, 2 tables, 36 ref
Peter B N;Sreeraj P;Vimal Kumar K G
017584 Peter B N;Sreeraj P;Vimal Kumar K G (Res Inst for Appl Mechanics, Kyushu Univ, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580 Japan, Email: benny@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp) : Structure and variability of the leeuwin current in the south eastern Indian ocean. J Indian Geophys Union 2005, 9(2), 107-19.
The study analyses the structure and variability of the Leeuwin Curent in the south Indian Ocean. Besides the historic hydrographic dataset various observations made during WOCE, TOGA and other experiments conducted in the study region are employed. The long-term average bimonthly dynamic topography with reference to 400db is prepared to infer the spatial and temporal current pattern. In addition to the temperature-salinity profiles, the temperature profiles are also included in the estimation of dynamic height employing the correlation between heat content and dynamic height. Sections of hydrographic properties are also present at different latitudes of the Leeuwin Current region. Intra-annual variability of the Leeuwin Current is clearly illustrated in the bimonthly maps. The Leeuwin Current shows strong spatial and temporal variations. It is strong in southern winter and weak during summer. The current is board ad shallow in the north but becomes narrower and deeper in the south.
1 illus, 29 ref
Paikaray S;Banerjee S;Kundu A;Mukherji S
017583 Paikaray S;Banerjee S;Kundu A;Mukherji S (Earth Sci Dep, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076) : Major element composition of vindhyan shales and its importance in provenance interpretations. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 3-17.
An attempt has been made in the study to interpret provenance of Vindhyan shales on the basis of major element composition. Samples have been taken from four shale units, two each from the Lower Vindhyan Group and the Upper Vindhyan Group. Maximum emphasis is placed on the immobile elements like Ti and Al for estimating the source rock composistion. Climate and tectonic setting of the provenance have been interprested on the basis of established discriminant diagrams. The study highlights that the source rock composition of the Vindhyan shales represent appreciable changes; Lower Vindhyan shales are dominated by felsic source, whereas the Upper Vindhyan shales represent possible input from mafic source as well. Moderate weathering and stable tectonic conditions is suggested for the provenance based on established parameters.
6 illus, 2 tables, 42 ref
Nath M
017582 Nath M (Geol Sci Dep, Gauhati university, Guwahati-781 014) : Geochemistry of Jarain coal, Jaintia hills, Meghalya, North East India. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 19-24.
The physico-chemicala characters of Tertiary coal of Jarain Coalfield, aintia Hills, Meghalaya have been studied in detail to determine the rank of coal. The coal deposits of Jarain Coalfield occur in the Lakadong Sandstone of the Shella Formation of the Jaintia Group. There are three coal seams in the coalfield. The coal is of high rank bituminous (B4) type having high carbon and calorific value. The Jarain coal is suitable for steam-raising and gasification.
1 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref
Narayanan V;Anirudhan S
017581 Narayanan V;Anirudhan S (Geol Dep, Univ of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala) : Coastal morphology of Kerala from Vizhinjam to Kochi. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 35-42.
The coast of Kerala, from Vizhinjam to Kochi has been studied to describe morphological variants in relation to tectonics and sedimentation. Delineation of various features were done by examining aerial photographs of scale 1: 16000 and cross-checked with the Survey of India Toposheet followed by ground truth checking in selected areas to finalize the geomorphology. Generally, fabulous beaches, lagoons, and sandbars compose the coastal stretch. A schematic of shelf topography from off Vizhinjam to Ponnani is conspicuous by the presence of seaward promontory called Alleppey platform, which divides the continental shelf into two geomorphic units to its north and south. The southern shelf (S of Kollam) has a concave off shore profile with steep shelf edge and the coastline in this part shows evidences of upliftment (wave cut platform/marine terraces). The northern shelf is wide with gentle shelf edge and wide beaches, lagoons, strandlines and mudflats occupy the coastline here. The evolution of coastal features is connected with the sea level rise during Holocene and the lineaments cutting acorss the coastal land up to the shelf edge especially the one trending, ENE - WSW.
6 illus, 21 ref
Muralidharan D;Andrade R;Laxminarayana G; Swathi T;Swetha T
017580 Muralidharan D;Andrade R;Laxminarayana G; Swathi T;Swetha T (NO, Natn Geophys Res Inst, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: muralidharan@ngri.res.in) : Imprint of 26 December 2004 Sumatra earthquake in aquifers of Hyderabad granite pluton. Curr Sci 2005, 89(7), 1083-7.
3 illus, 12 ref
Mathur S C;Gaur S D;Loyal R S;Tripathi A; Tripathi R P;Gupta A
017579 Mathur S C;Gaur S D;Loyal R S;Tripathi A; Tripathi R P;Gupta A (Geol Dep, Jai Narain Vyas Univ, Jodhpur-342 005, Email: sureshsushma@yahoo.com) : Occurrence of magnetic spherules in the Maastrichtian bone bed sedimentary sequence of Fatehagarh formation, Barmer basin, India. Curr Sci 2005, 89(7), 1259-68.
Presence of magnetic, glassy spherules of millimetre size has been reported along with fine magnetic particles in the sedimentary sequence of Fatehgarh formation of Barmer basin, associated with Maastrichtian mass extinction fossils. XRD, XRF, EDXA and Mossbauer spectroscopy have been employed for the preliminary characterization of material recovered from this horizon. Studies indicate predominant presence of iron and titanium in spherules, while the sedimentary host rock in which the spherules occur contains rare earth elements but is devoid of titanium. The presence of spherules indicates that some high-temperature event has occureed in the Maastrichtian era, which was hitherto unknown.
8 illus, 10 tables, 19 ref
Manikiam B
017578 Manikiam B (NO, , ISRO HQs, Bangalore, Email: manikiam@isro.org) : Remote sensing applications in geosciences - land, ocean and atmosphere related. Sci Soc 2005, 3(1), 5-16.
The remote sensing satellites of Indian Space Research Organisation have many applications especially in National wide Waste Land Mapping, Forestry, Drinking water in rural areas, Groundwater exploration and recharge, Crop production forecasting, Agricultural draught monitoring, Urban and regional development planning, Assessment ocean wealth, Seismic activities, green house effect and other Geomorphological studies.
1 table
Kumaraswamy K
017577 Kumaraswamy K (Geography Dep, Bharathidasan Univ, Tiruchirappalli) : Geohydrological characteristics and water management strategies for a semi-arid river basin of South India. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 123-8.
2 illus, 2 tables, 5 ref
Kathal P K
017576 Kathal P K (Cent of Advd Study in Geol, Dr. H.S.G. Univ, Sagar-470 003) : Sethusamudram ship canal project: oceanographic/geological and ecological impact on marine life in the Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, southeastern coast of India. Curr Sci 2005, 89(7), 1082-3.
1 table, 5 ref
Kasinatha Pandian P;Ramesh S;Ramanamurthy M V;Ramachandran S;Thayumanavan S
017575 Kasinatha Pandian P;Ramesh S;Ramanamurthy M V;Ramachandran S;Thayumanavan S (NO, Inst for Ocean Mgmt Anna Univ, Chennai) : Erosion and accretion problems on coastal landforms: a case study of Ennore coast, north of Chennai city. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 25-34.
The Ennore Satellite Port has been constructed and commissioned recently on the east coast, 24 km north of Chennai city to handle coal for the thermal power stations nearby such as North Chennai Thermal Power Station and Ennore Thermal Power Station. The pehenomenon of sand accretion on the up drifts side of the port and erosion on the down drift side are regular characteristics of most of the ports on the east coast of India (Coramandal Coast) since the net long-shore current being towards the northerly direction. Therefore, the construction of Ennore Satellite Port has resulted erosion on the northern side and accretion on the southern side. It was observed that accretion has been taking place in the southern side of the Ennore Port at a rate of 25 m per year adjacent to south breakwater, which has resulted in the closure of the mouth of the Ennore Creek. This has caused burden on the thermal power stations to spend more for dredging in order to keep the mouth open since they draw water for cooling purposes from the Ennore Creek. It was also observed that erosion has been taking place at small scale on the Kattupalli island located north of the port. Due to presence of Ennore shoals in the off-shore, the magnitude of erosion is lesser when compared to erosion in Royapuram stretch due to Chennai port. In the study, certain remedial measures have also been suggested to overcome the problem.
1 table, 12 ref
Jose M K;Sastry R G
017574 Jose M K;Sastry R G (NO, Natn Inst of Hydrology, Jalvigyan Bhawan, Roorkee-247 667, Email: iitr.ernet.in) : Analytical expression for hydraulic head distribution in a homogeneous anisotropic aquiter with inclined bedding planes. J Indian Geophys Union 2005, 9(2), 127-36.
The existing analogy between dc current flow and ground water flow under steady state conditions in earth medium, has allowed to extend the results from geoelectrical method in computing heads in a homogeneous anisotropic aquifer system with inclined bedding planes due to a surface water sourcde. The results are presented as equipotential (hydraulic head) plots for different coefficients of anisotropy and orientation of bedding planes of soil strata.
6 illus, 11 ref
Gurjar R D;Jalan S
017573 Gurjar R D;Jalan S (Geography Dep, Univ of Raj, Jaipur, Rajasthan) : Geo-environmental degradation in the Ruparel river basin (North eastern Rajasthan, India) with special reference to soil erosion. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 43-58.
4 illus, 5 tables, 42 ref
Gupta A;Thapliyal P K;Pal P K;Joshi P C
017572 Gupta A;Thapliyal P K;Pal P K;Joshi P C (Atmospheric Sci Div Meteorology and Oceanography Grp Space Applics Ce, , Ahmedabad-380 015, Email: pcjoshi35@hotmail.com) : Impact of deforestation on Indian monsoon - A GCM sensitivity study. J Indian Geophys Union 2005, 9(2), 97-104.
The fact of rapid deforestation has been one of the major concerns since last decade. In India, the forest cover of the country has been declining since last several years. The impact of these changes on Indian monsoon is still an open question. In this work, an attempt has been made to address this question with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Model (CCM3.6). The T42 version of CCM3 with a horizontal resolution of 2.8°x2.8° is used for this study. The influence of deforestation is modeled by the changes in the surface parameters such as land cover. The changes are made over the African Region and some parts of North-East Indian Region. The consequences of the changes in land cover are the changes in surface albedo, ground wetness, surface roughness etc. The standard T42 version of NCAR Community Climate Model (CCM3) which includes LSM as a coupled model is integrated for five years, for the control is integrated for five years, for the control run. Further the impact of deforestation have been studied for three different scenarios. The model is integrated for five years with forest cover replaced by grassland in three different classes, viz. 100%, 50%, 25%. The model simulations (for JJA period), for 100% deforestation, are showing that there will be change in spatial distribution of rainrate in India i.e over Northern part of India, rainrate is expected to decrease upto 2 mm/day.
5 illus, 1 table, 12 ref
Earnest A;Rajendran C P;Rajendran K;Anu R; Arun G M;Mohan P M
017571 Earnest A;Rajendran C P;Rajendran K;Anu R; Arun G M;Mohan P M (Cent for Earth Sci Stud, , Akkulam, Thiruvanathapuram-695 031, Email: cp_vsnl.com) : Near-field observations on the co-seismic deformation associated with the 26 December 2004 Andaman-Sumatra earthquake. Curr Sci 2005, 89(7), 1237-44.
Tectonics of the Andaman and Nicobar region have been studied since 2001, for mapping geomorphological features such as elevated and subsided landforms, both of which are associated with subduction tectonics. Eight GPS control points were established along the arc and had completed four GPS campaigns, the last pre-earthquake survey having ended three months prior to the great earthquake of 26 December 2004. During the post-earthquake surveys, permanent changes were mapped in the landforms at many locations, subsided coastal tracts and emerged colonies of corals, all of which are indicative of co-seismic deformation. GPS data indicate that the co-seismic offsets along the arc are nouniform, the southern islands having been displaced by
7 illus, 26 ref
Chaudhuri S;Chattopadhyay S
017570 Chaudhuri S;Chattopadhyay S (NO, , , Email: chaudhuri_sutapa@yahoo.com) : Forecasting the occurrence of Nor'westers - A lagged time series approach. Sci Cult 2005, 71(11-12), 435-40.
Demonstrats the viability of an alternative approach that consists of modelling the pattern of occurrence and non-occurrence of thunderstorms over Northeastern part of India as a whole as well as over some of the cities confined within the zone of study during premonsoon season. The type of the model used consists of a First-Order Two-State (FOTS) Markov chain to describe the occurrence of pre-monsoon thunderstorms. Results reveal that FOTS Markov chain model represents a replica model for 24 hours forecast of pre-monsoon thunderstorms over individual cities under consideration.
3 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref
Bhu H;Singh K
017569 Bhu H;Singh K (Geol Dep, Mohanlal Sukhadia Univ, Udaipur-313 001, Email: harsh_bhu2003@yahoo.com) : Anoxia in proterozoic black shales: a case study near Udaipur, Rajasthan. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 77-90.
The deposition of the Aravalli rocks took place in elogated marginal basins (rift basins/imbricate half grabens) formed by the extensional mechanism in plate setting. Syndepositional faulting controlled the formation of extremely the and thick black shales in the marginal areas. The diagnostic trace elements like vanadium, chromium, and manganese suggested that these black shales were formed under a pool of anoxic bottom water surrounded by some normally oxygenated waters. The element mobility was under various depositional environments due to varying Eh/pH during deposition. Element association in the Lakar was and Umra black shales suggests variable anoxia in the basins. The vanadium contents and V:Cr ratio suggests thae Eh/pH conditions were low, the presence of pyrite, bands of intercalatory carbonate bands in black shales, and positive correlation betwwn manganese and cobalt suggests the environment was reducing in the Lakarwas basin and oxic to mildly reducing conditions prevailed at Umra basin. The Lakarwas black shale sequences were formed in fault-controlled troughs in a deeper bathymetry of the basin in the shelf environment and the Umra black shales were deposited in a shallow portion of the shelf.
2 illus, 5 tables, 37 ref
Bhattacharya H N
017568 Bhattacharya H N (Geol Dep, Presidency Coll, 86/1 College Street, Calcutta-700 073, Email: hbaruamu@vsnl.net) : Sedimentology and geochemistry of paleoproterozoic greywackes from the Zawar mineralized belt, Rajasthan, India - implications on ore mineralization. Indian J Geochem 2005, 20, 45-62.
Sedimentary facies analysis and the evaluation of major and trace element geochemistry have been utilized to reconstruct the tectonic setting of depositional basin and the provenance of greywackes of the Zawar mineralized belt. The greywackes developed as a slope-base prograded fan deposit in response to intra-basinal faulting in the course of rift evolution in a passive continental margin setting. The sediments were derived from an exhumed granite-gneissic terrain close to the basin. Petrographic evidence and high K content of the greywackes support presence of high K granites in the source area and influx of K rich hydrothermal fluid during diagenesis an/or low-grade metamorphism. Higher concentrations of Zn and Pb in the greywackes also indicate their potentiality to act as a source horizon for the Zn-Pb sulphide mineralization in the overlying carbonate succession.
13 illus, 1 table, 31 ref
Bhat M V
017567 Bhat M V (Surv of India, , Dehradun-248 001, Email: colbhat@yahoo.com) : Feasibility and accuracy of map updation using high resolution imagery. Indian Surveyor 2005, 59(2), 42-3.
Baskaran R;Anbarasu K;Feroze Khan M;Selvaraj S;Victor Rajamanickam C
017566 Baskaran R;Anbarasu K;Feroze Khan M;Selvaraj S;Victor Rajamanickam C (Geol Dep, Natn Coll, Tiruchirapalli) : Geomorphology as a guide to mangrove afforestation in Rameshwaram island, Tamil Nadu. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 117-22.
The island of Rameshwaram has unique and well developed features which can be utilized for better conservation of the coast. Using aerial photos and field studies the possibilities of mangrove afforestation in the coast of Rameshwaram is assessed.
2 illus, 9 ref
Babar M
017565 Babar M (Geol Dep, Dnyanopasak Coll, Parbhani, Maharashtra) : Geological and geomorphological mapping of Akoli watershed in Jintur tahsil of Parbhani disrict, Maharashtra. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 87-94.
The importance of systematic geological and geomorphological mapping of the watershed in Deccan trap terrain has been dealt with for the watershed development purpose. The main topics discussed are classification of basaltic lava flows and their characteristics, preparation of drainage and slope maps, recognition of geomorphic surfaces (landforms) and the methodology and applicability of such mapping. The basalt flows are classified into two main type, namely, vesicular-amygdaloidal basalt (pahoehoe type) and non-vesicular or compact basalt (aa type) flows. The geological mapping is done using topographic base maps on the large scales and are prepared by enlarging necessary parts of Survey of India (SOI) toposheet on 1:50,000 scale. On these large scaled topographic maps zones of individual flows and within the flow are depicted e.g. fragmentary tops, and red bole beds and other mappable units of pahoehoe flows such as vesicular-amygdular zone, bottom zone, jointing pattern and fractures etc. The slope and drainage maps are prepared by using SOI topsheet. Geomorphic surfaces are mapped based on SOI topsheet, IRS 1B LISS II Satellite imagery and the ground check data. Geomorphic surfaces identified are highly dissected plateau, valley fill, pediplains, pediments and denudational hills.
7 illus, 1 table, 7 ref
Aravindan S;Manivel M
017564 Aravindan S;Manivel M (Earth Sci Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu) : Hydrogeomorphologic mapping in the hard rock region of Gadilam river basin, Vizhupuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. Indian J Geomorph 2003, 8(1-2), 111-16.
Attempt has been made in the hard rock region of the Gadilam basin with the objective of classifying the landforms based on hydrogeomorphic mapping. Methodology adopted was by using the remotely sensed data of IRS-1A (LISS-1, B-2, B&4; FCC) has been used to demarcate the hydrogeomorphic units on the basis of shape, texture and geotechnical elements, geomorphology of the study area is categorized as buried pediments, pediments, shallow pediments, tor complex, inselberg and relief hill. The geomorphologic map was validated with the optimum dug well yield data, which intern reflects the ground reality of groundwater potentiality. The geomorphology map portrays that the very good potential zones are occurring at the confluence point of Seshanadhi R and Gadilam river (Buried pediments), which is in concurrence with the field observation dug well yield data generated from the villages maranodai and kalamarudur. The dug well gives the yield of 62.9 m3 and 42.3 m3/day respectively.
3 illus, 4 ref
Vijaya;Sen K K
016562 Vijaya;Sen K K (Birbal Sahni Inst of Palaeobotany, 53, University Road, Lucknow-226 007) : Palynological study of the Dubrajpur formation in the mesozoic succession, Pachami area, Birbhum coalfield, West Bengal. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 121-33.
The Dubrajpur Formation, about 128.00 m thick in the subsurface non-marine Mesozoic succession of the Pachami area, Birbhum Coalfield, has Been subjected to palynological study to determine its geological age. Recovery of diversified microfloras in this formation, mainly from the three boreholes DPD-3, 6 & 15, has revealed two Palynozones - (i) Contignisporties cooksoniae, and (ii) Murospora florida. These palynozones indicate an age from Middle to Late Jurassic for the studied part with a phase of non-deposition of strata to represent the time span from late Early Triassic to early Middle Jurassic at the base of the Dubrajpur Formation.
6 illus, 8 tables, 15 ref
Srivastava S K;Pandey N
016561 Srivastava S K;Pandey N (Dep of Geol, Nagaland Univ, Science College Campus, Kohima-790 002, Email: sanjaikohima@yahoo.co.in) : Depositional mechanism of the palaeogne sediments at disang-barail transition, N-W of Kohima, Nagaland, India. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 135-40.
The Palaeogene Disang- Barail Transitional Sequences (DBTS) preserved in parts of Naga Hills, Northwest of Kohima, Nagaland, present a distinctive lithology comprising sand- silt- mud alternations. Sedimentological studies employing grain-size and fades analyses techniques have been attempted to understand the depositional mechanism of DBTS. Altogether four lithofacies types, namely Bioturbated mud facies, Coarse silt- very fine sand facies, Fine to medium sand- mud facies and Very fine to fine sand facies have been identified and interpreted in terms of processes. The study of grain-size parameters reveals that the siliciclastic of the study area are coarse silt to medium-sand, well to moderately well-sorted, fine to coarse skewed and meso to-leptokurtic in character. Palaeocurrent patterns indicate a centripetal type of dispersal pattern. A near-shore shallow marine depositional environment with fluctuating energy conditions has been envisaged for the deposition of DBTS.
6 illus, 2 tables, 35 ref
Rana R S;Singh H;Sahni A;Rose K D;Saraswati P K
016560 Rana R S;Singh H;Sahni A;Rose K D;Saraswati P K (Dep of Geol, H. N. Bahuguna Univ, Srinagar-246 175) : Early eocene chiropterans from a new mammalian assemblage vastan lignite mine, Gujarat, Western Peninsular Margin: oldest known bat from Asia. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 93-100.
Lower Eocene terrestrial biotas in a pre-collision India-Asia setting provide information about mammalian evolution and the degree of isolation in a drifting island subcontinent phase. Work carried out in the last few years has shown the presence of a moderately diversified lower Eocene (Ypresian) mammal assemblage from coals and lignites on the western peninsular margin of the Indian Plate. Highlights the occurrence of fossil bats from an early Eocene lignite in Gujarat, constituting the oldest record of Chiroptera from Asia.
2 illus, 1 plate, 41 ref
Jokhan Ram
016559 Jokhan Ram (Basin Manager, Frontier Basin, Ongc, Dehradun) : Hydrocarbon exploration in onland frontier basins of India- perspectives and challenges. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 1-16.
There are 26 sedimentary basins of India having an estimated resource of 29 MMMT, out of which only one-fourth has been converted to reserves. Most of the present production comes from the young passive margin and rift type of basins (mostly Tertiary), whereas the other basins - Compressional fold-thrust belt and foredeeps (Himalaya, Ganga/Punjab) and older rift basins (Proterozoic, Gondwana) are yet to be fully explored. There are seventeen basins considered as frontier basins, most of which are in the phase of knowledge building. Ideas and concepts play important role in their exploration. A few emerging concepts are discussed in this article, e.g. Vindhyan is an intra/pericratonic rift having well preserved sedimentary facies of different phases of rift development; Bundelkhand massif is a floating basement glided along south-vergent thrust sheets during Himalayan orogeny; possibility of existence of the Gondwana rocks below Vindhyans of Central India; coal has the potential to generate gaseous and even liquid hydrocarbons within the Gondwana basins of India; presence of Palaeozoic-Mesozoic sequence is envisaged below the Tertiaries of the Punjab plain in the Western Himalayan foredeep, etc. Hydrocarbon prospectivity of individual basins with the current state of knowledge has also been discussed. The basic constraints of exploration arc identified, such as the identification of source pods through geochemical investigation and poor seismic images particularly in the complex orogenic belt, subtrap and subsalt conditions. It is felt that at the present stage of exploration of the Indian frontier basins, industry needs research support from the academia in a few key aspects such as geochemistry, geochronology and biostratigraphy. At the same time, sufficient thrust should be given to develop non-conventional petroleum system e.g. basin centered gas, biogenic gas and Coal-bed Methane.
21 illus, 23 ref
Ghose A K
016558 Ghose A K (NO, Books and Journals Pvt. Ltd, Calcutta, W.B.) : Sustainable mineral development - The Indian perspective. Ann Indian Natn Acad Engng 2005, 2(Dec), 9-13.
India is a major mining nation with its value of mineral production ranking Sixth in the world. The mineral sector contributes over 2% to the GDP of the nation. Sustainable development of mineral resources in India is a great challenge. The agenda for sustainable mineral development has beed discussed.
1 table, 8 ref
Dennel R W;Coard R;Beech M;Anwar M;Turner A
016557 Dennel R W;Coard R;Beech M;Anwar M;Turner A (Dept. of Archaeology, Univ of Sheffield, S1 4ET, UK) : Locality 642, an upper Siwalik (Pinjor stage) fossil accumulation in the Pabbi hills, Pakistan. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 83-92.
Locality 642 in the Pabbi Hills, Pakistan, is a large fossil accumulation dated to ca. 1.2-1.4 Ma-old. Investigations showed that it lay in an abandoned channel, and contained numerous remains of bovids, followed by equids, rhinoceros and gazelle. Pachycrocuta brevirostris and a small felid were the only carnivores in evidence. Although there had been some fluvial disturbance, carnivores (most likely Pachycrocuta brevirostris) were primarily responsible for the accumulation. Useful new data were also obtained on the taxonomy, age profiles and community structure of large mammals during the Upper Siwalik
7 illus, 2 tables, 58 ref
Bhandari A;Singh H;Rana R S
016556 Bhandari A;Singh H;Rana R S (Paleontology Lab. Geol Div, KDMIPE ONGC, Dehradun, Uttaranchal) : Occurrence of ostracodes from the Vastan lignite mine, Gujarat. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 141-6.
Five species of ostracodes are recorded from greenish-grey, whitish clay/marl within coal/lignite seam horizon of the Vastan lignite mine, Gujarat. The ostracodes recorded are: Alocopocythere abstracla Siddiqui, Acanthocythereis vastanensis n.sp., Cytherella kimensis n.sp., Neocyprideis suratensis n.sp. and Phlycetenophora meridionalis (Lyubimova and Mohan). The above ostracode assemblage suggests an early Eocene age and sediments were deposited in a marginal marine to very shallow marine environment. The ostracode taxa are systematically described and illustrated.
1 illus, 1 table, 35 ref
Bajpai S;Kapur V V;Thewissen J G M;Tiwari B N;Das D P
016555 Bajpai S;Kapur V V;Thewissen J G M;Tiwari B N;Das D P (Dep of Earth Sci, Indian Inst of Technol, Roorkee-247 667, Email: sunilfes@iitr.ernet.in) : First fossil marsupials from India early eocene Indodelphis gen. and Jaegeria N. gen. from Vastan lignite mine, district Surat, Gujarat. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 147-51.
Reports the discovery of fossil marsupials (Didelphidae: Mammalia) from India, based on well-preserved lower molars of two taxa (Indodelphis lucin. gen and n. sp. and Jaegeria rambayensis n. gen. and n. sp.) from the early Eocene (middle Ypresian, approximately 52 Ma) deposits of Vastan Lignite Mine, District Surat, Gujarat, western India. These species probably represent the oldest known record of Cenozoic marsupials from Asia, and they occur in association with a diverse land mammal fauna comprising perissodactyls, artiodactyls, insectivores, proteutherians, apatotherians, bats, rodents, and several other taxa currently under study.
1 illus, 1 plate, 24 ref
Bajpai S;Kapur V V;Das D P;Tiwari B N; Saravanan N;Sharma R
016554 Bajpai S;Kapur V V;Das D P;Tiwari B N; Saravanan N;Sharma R (Dep of Earth Sci, Indian Inst of Technol, Roorkee-247 667, Email: sunilfes@iitr.ernet.in) : Early eocene land mammals from Vastan lignite mine, district Surat (Gujarat), Western India. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 101-17.
Reports the discovery of an early Eocene (middle Ypresian, approximately 52 Ma) land mammal fauna from sediments associated with the lignite deposits of Vastan Mine, District Surat, Gujarat. The fauna represents the oldest known Cenozoic land mammals from India. As presently identified, the assemblage comprises a total of 12 species, all new, representing perissodactyls (4 species placed in a new family); proteutherians (2 species representing two families); apatotherians (one species); insectivores (2 species, one belonging to a new family); artiodactyls (one species representing a new genus); rodents and bats (one species each). This is a largely endemic fauna with some holarctic elements. A detailed study of the assemblage and its implications is in progress and is expected to provide significant insight into our understanding of mammalian dispersal and India's evolving biogeographic affinities in the context of India-Asia collision.
1 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref
Arya R;Sahni N;Loyal R S
016553 Arya R;Sahni N;Loyal R S (NO, Cent of Advd Study in Geol Panjab Univ, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: nsahni@pu.ac.in) : Molluscan and insect remains from the type kasauli formation and their significance. J Palaeont Soc India 2005, 50(1), 115-20.
Reports the first gastropods and insect remains from the Kasauli Formation, (Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh) in addition to the record of the pelecypod Parreysia (Radiatula) kohlii. The gastropods are associated with broad-leaved plants and are abundant in pockets. They can be taxonomically assigned to Melania kargilensis and Planorbis, both taxa are known to occur from coeval beds at Kargil in Ladakh. Another taxa cf. Brotia dobataensis known from the Miocene Siwalik Surai Khola locality of Nepal is also present. The Kasauli molluscan fauna has common elements to the assemblages reported from Laren (Larea) locality near Udhampur and Kargil (Ladakh). The insect wing is referable to the order Blattaria which includes the cockroaches. Scanning electron microscopy has been used to provide greater details of the fine structure of the material. Reconstruction of basinal palaeoenvironments suggests large bodies of stagnant water running under euxenic conditions in a facies similar to that found in Laren, Udhampur (Jammu and Kashmir). The Kasauli biotic assemblage, as now known, represents the first floras and faunas of an extensively developing lower Miocene foreland basin.
1 illus, 1 plate, 29 ref
Xavier J K;Josheph T;Paimpillil J S
015594 Xavier J K;Josheph T;Paimpillil J S (Dept of Chem, St. Thomas Coll, Palai, Kottayam Dt., Kerala, Email: psjoseph@eth.net) : Fluxes of nitrogen in Chaliyar river estuary, India. Int J Ecol envir Sci 2005, 31(3), 223-9.
Chaliyar river estuary is a positive coastal plain estuary with total drainage area of 2923 km2. The estuary's functions were investigated as sink and transformer of nutrients (uptake and release, retaining and recycling of nutrients) and relative contribution of external nutrient supply, nutrient budget, geo-chemical and biochemical pathways. The major source of nitrogen in the estuary is the river discharge. During pre-monsoon period, the percentage of inorganic nitrogen to total nitrogen pool is at the minimum and the major form is organic nitrogen. During the post-monsoon period, the contributions from both these components are almost equal, with a predominance of inorganic form. The dissolved nitrogen components are present in one form or other through out the estuary in all seasons and so nitrogen is not a limiting nutrient for primary production. The urea-N fraction remains
1 illus, 5 tables, 14 ref
Surinder Singh;Mehra R;Kulwant Singh
015593 Surinder Singh;Mehra R;Kulwant Singh (Phys Dep, Guru Nanak Dev Univ, Amritsar-143 005) : Uranium, radium and radon exhalation studies in geological samples belonging to some areas of Punjab, using track etching technique. J envir Sci Engng 2005, 47(2), 85-90.
With a view to prospect uranium, radium and radon concentration and related health risk assessments in areas of Muktsar and Ferozepur districts in Punjab, the fission track registration technique has been used for the analysis of water and soil samples. Uranium content in water ranged from 5.47 to 10.19 μg/1-1 and 6.28 to 11.74 μg/1-1 for Muktsar and Ferozepur respectively. Uranium content in soil samples of Muktsar and Ferozepur ranged from 1.14 to 1.90 mg/kg-1 and 1.26 to 2.44 mg/kg-1 respectively. Radium concentration in these soil samples has been found to vary from 3.97 to 15.94 bq/kg-1 and 7.24 to 24.14 bq/kg-1 for Muktsar and Ferozepur respectively. The radon exhalation values were calculated in terms of area (EA) and mass (EM). The values of EM ranged from 4.9 to 20.6 (mbqkg-1 hr-1) for Muktsar and 9.4 to 31.3 (mbqkg-1hr-1) for Ferozepur and values of EA ranged from 173 to 728 (mbqm-2hr-1) for Muktsar and 330 to 1102 (mbqm-2hr-1) for Ferozepur district. These values in general are low and not significant from health hazard point of view. The values of uranium concentration in water samples of these areas are lower than those reported for soil and water samples of Himachal Pradesh. These values are also lower than those reported by Singh et al. for the rocks belonging to uranium and copper mines of Bihar.
2 illus, 1 table, 17 ref