015193   Kanther R P;Gena D (Botany Dep, S. D. Govt. College, Beawar-305 901, Email: rpkanther@gmail.com) : Fens and fern-allies of Todgarh raoli wild life sanctuary Rajasthan, India. Indian Fern J 2015, 32(1-2), 85-91.

Fern flora of Rajasthan is scanty due to the extreme and largely dry climate, which is characteristic feature of the state. The fern flora is small but significant element occurring quite frequent in Todgarh Raoli wild life sanctuary, Rajasthan. Systematic survey from all localities of ferns and fern-allies in this sanctuary has revealed the occurrence of 09 taxa belonging to 06 genera and 05 families. Actiniopteris radiata, Marsilea minuta, Azolla pinnata subsp. asiatica and Adiantum incisum are widely distributed throughout the sanctuary. This sanctuary is also represented by Adiantum capillus-veneris, Adiantum philippense, Marsilea aegyptiaca and Cheilanthes bicolor in scattered habitat under shaded moisture and in rock crevices. A check list of fern flora along with its distributions in the sanctuary has been provided in this paper. Increasing exploitation of natural resources resulted in depletion of these important fern flora. RET, species were discussed and common household conservational techniques adapted by tribals of this region have also been discussed in this paper.

1 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

015192   Johnson M;Revathy I;Shibila T;Janakiraman N (Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Botany Dep, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu, Email: ptcjohnson@gmail.com) : Effect of auxins on vegetative propagation of Elaphoglossum stigmatolepis (Fee) T, moore and Lepisorus nudus (Hook.) ching. Indian Fern J 2015, 32(1-2), 11-16.

The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of auxins on sporophyte and rhizoids formation on rhizomes of Elaphoglossum stigmatolepis (Fee) T. Moore and Lepisorus nudus (Hook.) Ching and to produce vegetative propagation protocol for the economically and ecologically important ferns Elaphoglossum stigmatolepis (Fee) T. Moore and Lepisorus nudus (Hook.) Ching. 5-7 cms in length healthy disease free and wound free rhizome divisions with adventitious sprouts were collected for the experiment. The explants (rhizome divisions) were completely dipped in various concentrations of plant growth regulators (50 - 200mg/l) for 10 min. The distilled water dipped rhizome served as control. After 10 minutes the rhizomes were placed on the potted mixture containing Tree Fern fibres, coconut husks fibres, soil and farm yard manure (1:1:1:1). Maximum percentage of rhizoid formation and sporophytes proliferations were observed in 150 mg/1 supplemnted rhizomes of E. stigmatolepis and L. nudus. Among all the treatment IAA at 150 mg/1 found highly effective in inducing adventitious sporophyte formation in the studied two ferns. The results of present study provided an alternative protocol to multiply the economically and medicinally important ferns of the Western Ghats, India.

1 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

015191   Johnson M (Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Botany Dep, St. Xavier's College, Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu, Email: ptcjohnson@gmail.com) : Inter-specific variation studies on three South Indian species of Arachniodes using SDS-PAGE. Indian Fern J 2015, 32(1-2), 23-30.

Present study was aimed to distingusih the South Indian Arachniodes species viz., Arachniodes rhomboidea (Schott) Ching (Arachniodes amabilis (Bl.) Tindale), Arachniodes palmipes (Kunze) Fraser-Jenk (Arachniodes aristata (G. Forst.) Tindale) and Arachniodes sledgei Fraser-Jenk (Arachniodes tripinnata (Go1dm.) Sledge) using SDS-PAGE profile. The young croziers of Arachniodes species were harvested and ground on ice cold mortar and pestle with 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). The resultant slurry was centrifuged at 10.000 rpm for 10 min at 4°C in cooling centrifuge and the supernatant was harvested for separation. SDS-PAGE was carried out to obtain protein bands following the method described by Anbalagan. A total of 21 bands with multiple regions of activity with varied MW-Rf values were observed in the protein electrophoretic system of Arachniodes species viz., A- rhomboidea (A. amabilis), A. palmipes (A, aristata) and A. sledgei (A. tripinnata). The A. rhomboidea (A. amabilis), A. palmipes (A. aristata) and A. sledgei (A. tripinnata) displayed with 6, 8 and 7 protein bands respectively. The protein bands with MW-Rf value 0.250 and 0.750 was commonly shared by A. palmipes (A. aristata) and A. sledgei (A. tripinnata). These protein profiles can be vised as a biomarker to identify the Arachniodes species.

2 illus, 1 table, 38 ref

015190   Harpreet Kour;Satvinder Kour;Sharma Y P; Sanjeev Kumar (Botany Dep, Jammu Univ, Jammu-180 006, Email: yashdbm3@yahoo.co.in) : Additional records of Craterellus from Jammu and Kashmir, India. J Mycol Pl Pathol 2015, 45(2), 209-14.

^ssc4 illus, 11 ref

015189   Harpreet Kaur;Sharma P;Sheoran P (Botany Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004, Email: pushp20@yahoo.com) : DNA repair and acclimatisation to damage under lonizing radiations. LS-Int J Life Sci 2015, 4(3), 165-87.

Being sessile, plants are continuously exposed to DNA damaging agents present in the environment such as ultraviolet (UV) and ionising radiations (IR). Sunlight acts as an energy source for photosynthetic plants; hence, avoidance of UV radiations (UV-A, UV-B and UV-C) is unpreventable. DNA in particular strongly absorbs UV-B; therefore, it is the most important target for UV-B induced damage. UV-B induces three major classes of DNA lesions such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimmers (CPDs), pyramiding (6-4) pyrimidone dimers and their Dewar isomers. UV-B induced modifications of DNA purine bases have also been recognized. These comprise the photoproducts that involve, at least, one adenine residue that undergoes photo-cycloaddition reactions with contiguous adenine or thymine upon exposure to UV-B. On the other hand, IR causes water radiolysis, which generates highly reactive hydroxyl radicals (OH.) and causes radiogenic damage to important cellular components. The accumulation of such damages and unrecognised and unrepaired DNA damage may cause fatal mutations which in turn can reduce plant genome stability, growth, and productivity and also threaten the organism's immediate survival. To maintain genomic integrity under UV/IR exposure, plants however make use of several DNA repair mechanisms. These repair mechanisms can be enzymatic or nonenzymatic. Enzymatic processes include light dependent repair (photoreactivation/photorepair), light independent processes (nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair and mismatch repair), homologous recombination, non-homologous recombination and elimination of active radicals. Active radicals and ROS accumulation are counteracted by enzymatic antioxidants that include a variety of scavangers, such as, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase. Non-enzymatic processes include non-enzymatic antioxidants like ascorbic acid (vitamin C), glutathione (GSH), atocopherols (vitamin E), carotenoids and flavonoids. Identification and characterization of UV/IR-sensitive mutants in different plant species are expected to achieve more insights into genetic recombination/manipulation in plants.

15 illus, 109 ref

015188   Gupta S;Arvind Kumar;Sonal (Botany Dep, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra-282 005, Email: drsharmitagupta123@gmail.com) : Biological assay for the establishment of viral nature of Duranta plumeiri. TECHNOFAME 2015, 4(2), 1-5.

Duranta plumeiri is an ornamental plant with 30 to 36 species found throughout the world. The plants of D. plumeiri were found to be affected by chlorotic spots and mosaic. Studies on variations in expression of symptoms on different hosts, and confirmation by electron microscopy were done to establish the viral nature of the disease in D. plumeiri plants.

1 illus, 3 tables, 6 ref

015187   Gnanasoundari A;Nagamani S;Thangamathi P (Zoology Dep, Kundavai Nachiyar Government College for Women, Thanjavur-612 001, Email: thangamathi@gmail.com) : Phytochemical analysis of Andrographis paniculata leaf extract. LS-Int J Life Sci 2015, 4(3), 127-30.

Andrographis paniculata is traditionally used for treating different aliments. In the present investigation was carried out to determine the possible chemical components from A. paniculata by a GC-MS technique. GC-MS analysis of ethanolic extract revealed the presence of 12 different compounds namely, Silane, triethoxy-methoxy) 1-Buten-3 YNYL Benzene 4-phenyl but-3-one-1-yne, 3-butoxy1,1,1,7,7,7, hexamethyl-1-3 tetrasioxane, 2,6-ditert-butyphenol, (trans)-2-nonadecene, (trcus)-2-nomadecene, ester (CAS) ethylallg-I-phthalate)1-2-benzoldicarbon saeure trans-p-mentha-1(7),8-dion-2-01, 2,6,8-trimethyl-bicyclo (4,2,0) oct-2-ene-1,8-diol). The present study enhances the traditional usage of A. paniculata which posses the several known and unknown bioactive compounds against the dengue vector Aedes agypti, by isolating and identifying these bioactive compounds ecofriendly insecticide as an alternative to synthetic insecticides.

1 illus, 1 table, 26 ref

015186   Gandhi K N;Fraser-Jenkins C R (NO, Harvard Univ Herbaria and Libraries, 22 Divinity Ave., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, Email: gandhi@oeb.harvard.edu) : Bolbitis terminans and B. Beddomei (Lomariopsidaceae), two new fern names from South India. Indian Fern J 2015, 32(1-2), 183-5.

Wallich validated a number of species in his Numerical List by reference to previously published descriptions. The name Acrostichum terminans Wall. had previously been taken as a nomen nudum, but was validated by reference to the description in van Rheede's Hortus Malabaricus, even though that is a pre-Linnaean work. As a result two Bolbitis taxa from south India should be known by different names and are now to be called B. terminans (Wall.) Gandhi & Fraser-Jenk. and B. beddomei Fraser-Jcnk. & Gandhi. Their synonymy is given.

1 illus, 5 ref

015185   Fraserjenkins C R;Matsumoto S (NO, , Student Guest House, Thamel, P.O. Box-5555, Kathmandu, Nepal, Email: chrisophilus@yahoo.co.uk) : New cytotaxonomic studies on some Indo-Himalayan ferns. Indian Fern J 2015, 32(1-2), 36-79.

In a new cytotaxonomic investigation of a few selected pteridophytes from Nepal, Bhutan and India, a number of critical taxa were deliberately targeted, particularly in Aleuritopteris, Onychium and Pteris, in order to help unravel their difficult taxonomy. The results have cast considerable light on several taxa that appeared to be distinctive, confirming their suspected identity in most cases, when a combination of both morphology and cytology indicate a separate taxon. A list is given and the taxonomic background to the plants concerned is discussed. This type of approach is severely needed in Asia and has been overlooked for many years. It is hoped that it may be revived in the following years as the most effective and valid way to investigate the taxonomy of the many critical and complex groups of pteridophytes in the Indo-Himalaya and further afield. Recently described and previously little known taxa confirmed by their cytology are the triploid Onychium kholianum Fraser-Jenk. & S. Matsumoto, the hexaploid sterile hybrid Onychium x matsumotoi Fraser-Jenk., and the tetraploid sexual Onychium vermae Fraser-Jenk. & S. Matsumoto. The triploid Onychium cryptogrammoides Christ subsp. fragile (S.C.Verma & Khullar) Fraser-Jenk. & S. Matsumoto is treated as one more of the cytotypes known within O. cryptogrammoides. O. lucidum (D.Don) C.Chr. has been redefined as a hexaploid species and the Japanese and Chinese tetraploid O. japonicum, recently lectotypified, is now understood to be a different species not present in the Indian region.

73 ref

015184   Elsheikha A F (Biology Dep, McMaster Univ, 1280 Main St. West Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada, Email: elsheikha_aly@yahoo.com) : Rumex nervosus: an overview. Int J Innovative Hort 2015, 4(2), 87-95.

Ithrib (Rumex nervosus) is an annual herbaceous plant that belongs to Polygonaceae family. It is widely distributed in the temperate Himalayas; Western Ghat of Nilgiri and Nainital hills. It is also found extensively in Eastern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. However, little information is available on this plant because of documentation of knowledge is incomplete particularly on the traditional uses by local people. In this review, the significance of R. nervosus derived from its composition of large numbers of biologically active compounds, which has made it a potential source of new natural drugs and functional foods has been discussed.

4 illus, 4 tables, 35 ref

015183   Elhassan I A;Eltayeb I M;Khalafalla E B (Pharmaceutical Industries Dep, Industrial Research and Consultancy Centre, P O Box 268, Khartoum, Sudan) : Physiochemical investigation of essential oils from three Cymbopogon species cultivated in Sudan. J Pharmac Phytochem 2016, 5(1), 24-9.

Cymbopogon (Poaceae) represents an important genus of about 140 species that grow in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. They have diverse uses in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food and flavor, and agriculture industries. The essential oils from C. citratus leaves, C. nervatus inflorescences, C. proximus leaves and C. proximus inflorescence were prepared usingrnhydrodistillation method. The percentage yield and the physical properties of the oils were determined, The essential oils were analyzed for identification of their chemical composition using GC-MS technique. Piperitone (43.2, 45.8%), elemol (13.45, 14.43%), 4-carene (7.55, 9.75%), β - eudesmol (5.41, 4.32%), limonene (2.45, 4.03%) and a- eudesmol (2.61, 4.66%), β-elemene (2.24, 1.30%) were the main components identified in the essential oil of C. proximus leaves and inflorescence, respectively. The main constituents identified in C. nervatus inflorescence essential oil were a- verbenol (20%), trans-pincarveol (19.41%), trans- p- menthe-2,8- dien-ol (14.14), d-Limonene (8.49%), cis-piperitol (8.46%), cyclohexanol-2- methylene -5- (1-methyl ethenyl) (8.32%), 2-cyclo pentyl- cyclopentanone (7.28%) and carvone (4.58%), whereas the main identified constituents in C. citratus essential oil were citral, which is a mixture of the stereoisomer geranial (32.74%) and neral (26.23%), β-pinene (9.36%) and Geraniol (4.47%). The essential oils distilled from Cymbopogon species, C. citratus leaves, C. proximus leaves, C. proximus inflorescences and C. nervatus inflorescences, revealed different chemical composition, but they shared a common feature, that their major constituents were oxygenated monoterpenes among the other terpenoid classes.

3 illus, 4 tables, 28 ref

015182   Cyriac A;Chandrasekhar A;Jose C;Suraby E J; Sayuj K P;Sabu M;Babu K N (NO, Indian Institute of Spices Research, Kozhikode-673 012, Email: nirmalbabu30@hotmail.com) : Development of EST SSR markers and analysis of genetic diversity in Zingiber species. Int J Innovative Hort 2015, 4(2), 96-106.

Microsatellite markers have been proven as one of the most powerful markers, which can accurately access the level of genetic diversity for phylogenetic analysis. In the present study microsatellite primers were developed from the expressed sequence tags of Zingiber species available in the db EST database of NCBI. A total of 726 class 1 microsatellites were identified from the non redundant dataset of 12,019 unigenes. The frequency of identified SSR (simple sequence repeat) motifs was 72.5 SSR/lMbp (one SSR/13.77Kbp) of Zingiber transcriptome genome. The most abundant microsatellite repeat was mononucleotides (46.8%), followed by trinucleotides (21.5%). The most frequent microsatellite motif was (A/ T) (43.1%),then AG/CT (6%) followed by AGG/CCT (5.2%). Primers were designed for 188 class 1 microsatellite repeats. A set of 22 EST SSR primers were short-listed based on the functional characters and utilized for genetic diversity analysis along with eight ginger genomic SSR primers. Ten Zingiber species viz., Z. capitatum, Z. ligulatum, Z. nimmonii, Z. neesanum, Z. odoriferum, Z. officinale, Z. roseum, Z. spectabile, Z. zerumbet and Zingiber sp. from Arunachal Pradesh were used for cross species amplification. 18 out of 30 SSR primers tested were amplified in the expected size range and 10 SSR markers were polymorphic across the 10 Zingiber species studied. The number of alleles generated ranged from 2 to 4 per locus. The dendrogram elucidated the genetic diversity utilizing these markers between different species of Zingiber and grouped them into two major clusters. The first cluster consisted of all the species collected from India and Z. spectabile was out grouped to second cluster. The study demonstrated that the newly developed EST SSR markers were informative and will be added to the repository of microsatellite markers for studying the genome architecture of Zingiber.

1 illus, 6 tables, 31 ref

015181   Chauhan S K (NO, Management of Salt Affected Soils and Use of Saline Water in Agricultu, Bichpuri, Agra-283 105, Email: coolysh40@yahoo.com) : Effect of saline water irrigation on different mustard genotype. TECHNOFAME 2015, 4(2), 99-100.

In our country, due to sharply increasing population the scarcity of edible oils has become the major problem. Indian mustard (Brassca juncea L.) is an important oil seed crop of arid and semi-arid parts of India. In the Indo-Gangetic plains of Northern India, this crop is grown on about 3.8 million hectare, mainly as a dry land crop. Because of water shortages at critical growth stages, substantial field loss occurs. The crop may be unable to complete its life cycle because of failure of winter rains and the limited moisture carrying capacity of the course.

^ssc1 table, 2 ref

015180   Chanu W S;Sarangthem K (Plant Physiology Section, Life Sciences Dep, Manipur Univ, Canchipur-795 03, Email: kananbala_s@rediffmail.com) : Changes in proline accumulation, amino acid, sugar and chlorophyll content in leaf and culm of phourel-amubi, a rice cultivar of Manipur in response to flash flood. Indian J Pl Physiol 2015, 20(1), 10-13.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) growth is generally hindered by prolonged exposure to excess of water during its vegetative or reproductive stage. To determine the effect of flood on the plant and to understand the tolerance mechanism of the rice cultivar, variations in the plant height, dry matter, and contents of chlorophyll, total soluble sugar, free amino acid and proline were determined in leaves and culm of Phourel-amubi, a rice cultivar of Manipur under 5, 10 and 15 days of submergence and non-submerged (control) condition. Plant height, dry matter and proline accumulation increased with the increase in days of submergence (highest with 15 days submergence). Total chlorophyll, both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b content were found to decrease with period of submergence. Likewise concentration of soluble sugar in leaves decreased with submergence but in the case of culm, the sugar concentration gradually increased from control to 15 days submergence. Total free amino acid concentration also decreased with submergence. However, proline accumulation both in leaves and culm gradually increased with submergence, and highest content were observed under 15 days submergence.

2 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref

015179   Cao J G;Dai X L;Wang G;Wang Q X (College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal Univ, Shanghai-200 234, Email: caojianguo101@163.com) : Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies on oogenesis of the horsetail Equisetum arvense. Indian Fern J 2015, 32(1-2), 207-20.

The features of the cells participating oogenesis in Equisetum arvense (horsetail) were studied using ultrastructural and cytochemical methods. It was shown that the cells participating oogenesis. including the primary cell and the central cell, scarcely contain starch grains in the plastids. During maturation of the egg, starch grains accumulate increasingly in the amyloplasts of the egg cytoplasm. But, the starch grains in the canal cells decompose gradually, accompanying production of a large amount PAS + materials in the cavity of the archegonium. As the egg matures, numerous lipid droplets are firstly discovered occurring in the egg cytoplasm. Ultrastructural observation shows that the mature egg of Equisetum possesses no egg envelope, fertilization pore and nuclear evaginations, which resembles oogenesis of Osmunda, but differs greatly from the advanced leptosporangiate ferns. The present investigation provides new insights into the egg structure, contributing to understand the mechanism of oogenesis and phylogenetic relationship of ferns.

5 illus, 31 ref

015178   Avneet Kaur;Gupta N (Botany Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004, Email: namjindal70@yahoo.co.in) : Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defence system in plant stress tolerance. LS-Int J Life Sci 2015, 4(3), 143-51.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive free radicals and molecules involving oxygen. ROS are produced by cellular respiration, photosynthesis and ROS-generating enzymes like NADPH-oxidase. The various types of stresses including water stress, temperature stress, metal stress and other factors also cause the production of ROS. The increase in ROS has damaging effect on DNA, protein, membrane stability and cellular homeostasis. The level of ROS is maintained by the activity of enzymes and molecules of antioxidant defence system. The antioxidant enzymes include ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) whereas antioxidant molecules are ascorbic acid (AA), carotenoids, glutathione (GSH), polyamines and amino acids, a-tocopherol and phenolic compounds. Polyphosphate, other than the antioxidants, also defends against the oxidative stress and lowers the damage caused by ROS.

2 illus, 68 ref

015177   Aslam N;Wani A A;Nawchoo I A;Aslam K;Bhat M A (Botany Dep, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar, J&K) : Comparative study on phenological events in two populations of Peganum harmala. Archiv appl Sci Res 2015, 7(2), 25-9.

Aim of present work was to study comparative phenological events in diploid and tetraploid populations of Peganum harmala. In this paper an attempt has been made to record data regarding Sprouting, Flowering, Fruiting, and Senescence. This was done for a period of two years and it was carried out in two provinces (Kasmir and ladakh) of Jammu and Kashmir. Diploid and tetraploid individuals show divergent phenologies but the duration of different phases was similar. The different phases started approximately 1 month earlier in diploids than in tetraploids. Such phenological separation may arise because of genetically based differences between the two as a consequence of chromosome doubling or selection subsequent to the chromosome doubling event. Alternatively, phenological separations may arise if diploids and tetraploids occupy slightly different environments, which affect the timing and rate of growth.

1 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

015176   Aryal H P;Budhathoki U (NO, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan Univ, Bhairahawa Multiple Campus Siddarthanagar, Kiritipur, Kathamandu, Nepal, Email: hahariprasadaryal06@gmail.com) : New record of termite mushrooms from Nepal. J Mycol Pl Pathol 2015, 45(2), 182-8.

During a survey of wild edible mushrooms in tropical to temperate belt of Nepal in rainy season 2010-12, many macro fungal species were collected and identified. This paper highlights on new records of R Heim, (Beeli) R Heim, (Beeli) R Heim R Heim and (Cooke & Massee) DA Reid, reported for the first time from Nepal and re-described. Samples were collected deep into the forest of different ecological zones, within an altitude between 60-3000 m asl in tropical, subtropical riverine forest to temperate deciduous forest. The specimens have been deposited in Natural History museum (NHM), Swayambhu, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.

6 illus, 31 ref

015175   Anjum S;Pant S;Khullar S P (Conservation Ecology Laboratory, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah Univ, Rajouri-185 131, Jammu and Kashmir, Email: s.anjumm23@gmail.com) : Dark-scaled Dryopteris dickinsii from Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir (India). Indian Fern J 2015, 32(1-2), 135-46.

Dark scaled Dryopteris dickinsii has been collected from Rajouri. This taxon is a diploid apomict, having a chromosome count of 'n'=82 and a spore-out-put of 32 spores per sporangium. Its identity is not yet resolved and further study needs to be made especially of the Japanese/Chinese D. namegatae.

16 illus, 15 ref

015174   Agarwal P;Varshney K A (Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Botany Post Graduate Dep, Bareilly College, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh) : Changes in crude proteins, total amino acids and chlorophyll contents of stylos (Stylosanthes scabra Vogel) under saline conditions. Indian J Life Sci 2015, 4(2), 19-23.

NaCl salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting the productivity and the geographical distribution of many plant species. Roots are the primary site of salinity perception. An attempt was made to examine the effect of NaCl salinity on the concentration of crude proteins, total amino acids and chlorophyll contents in Stylos plants. Significant antagonistic changes in crude proteins, total amino acids and chlorophyll contents were recorded under salinity exposures. The percentage of crude proteins content decreased by 52.78% over control at leafy stage and 26.45% at flowering stage, whereas, total amino acids declined by 22.22% over control at leafy stage and 37.14% at flowering stage. The reduction was recorded 7.91% in Chl'a', 5.26% in Chl'b' and 7.08% in total chlorophyll contents in leaves exhibiting the Chl a/b ratio 1.00:0.97. In the plants of flowering stage, the corresponding values were found 10.40% in Chl'a', 21.57% in Chl'b' and 21.17% in total chlorophyll contents revealing Chl a/b ratio 1.00:1.14. These biochemical parameters may be suggested to act as cumulative index of salt tolerance in Stylos plants.

2 tables, 29 ref

015173   Adeniyi D O;Adedeji A R (Plant Pathology Section, Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria) : Evaluation of fungal flora and mycotoxin potential associated with postharvest handlings of cashew nut. Archiv appl Sci Res 2015, 7(2), 30-3.

Objectives is to investigate the incidence and distribution of fungi flora associated with farmers postharvest handling practices in cashew production vis-a-vis the safety quality of cashew nut for consumption. Farmers fields and storages from designated study locations at Ochaja, Kabba, Ilorin, Ibadan and Ogbomoso were surveyed for the postharvest practices employed and their cashew nut samples collected for mycoflora assay. Four fungigenera; Aspergillus, Penicillium, Lasiodiplodia and Fusarium were isolated from the nut samples and were identified based on morphological characters. A. flavus, A. fumigatus and Penicillium sp. are most commonly distributed isolates and the isolates incidences was highest in Ochaja followed by Ilorin and Ogbomoso nuts. Deficiency in postharvest practices by cashew farmers were harnessed as base line for further training in best practices for better cashew production and safe consumption of the produce.

2 tables, 17 ref

014198   Uniyal A K;Nazir T;Pundir A K;Bhat R A (NO, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical & Natural Sciences, Manduwala, Dehradun, UK, Email: aku2236@gmail.com) : Allelopathic response of important medicinal species on traditional agroforestry field crops of J&K Himalaya, India.. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 155-60.

The present investigation was carried out to investigate the allelopathic behavior of Iris ensata, Podophyllum hexandrum & Crocus satives on germination & growth of some impotant traditional agricultural crops focusing on their domestication & sustainable conservation. Phaseolus vulgaris and Brassica compestris were found sensitive under leaf/rhizome extracts of all the medicinal species, therefore, can not be grow with them, but Pkaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata & Zea mays can be grown in mixed cropping system copmrising all three medicinal plants as these were less/least affectd. It is also suggested that Iris ensata can be propagted satisfactorily with former three food crops. The present study may help in making strategy for the development & conservation of medicinal plant based agronomic practices. The practices and planning have clearly identified medicinal plants as a potential resource for upliftment of economy of any region. In this context, medicinal plants are vieved as a possible bridge among sustainable, economic development, affordable health care, conservation of vital-diversity of medicinal flora and traditional gene bank of food crops.

1 illus, 2 tables, 39 ref

014197   Swaroop S (Zoology Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: suchitswaroop@rediffmail.com) : Incidence of juvenile diabetes and its complications among children in Lucknow city, India. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(2), 257-9.

Purpose of this study was to find out the incidence of juvenile diabetes (type I diabetes mellitus) among children aged 0-25 years from north India, and to determine the complications and risk factors associated with juvenile diabetes. Complications were determined in patients based on physicians report. A total of 1000 juvenile diabetes patients (474 boys and 526 girls) were registered from the out patients department (OPD) of Medicine Department of King George Medical University, Lucknow. The overall prevalence of juvenile diabetes (per 100,000 persons) was 3.8. On cross sectional analysis 10.7% had poor glycemic control (A_IC <62>9%). The prevalence of complications was as follows: Hypertension-3.47%, Low HDL-18.0% and High C-reactive protein-46.6%. Poor glycemic control, hypertension and duration of disease were strong predictors of all complications. Though the prevalence of juvenile diabetes in India is low yet the burden is high due to large population and still lots need to be done to fill the gap between standard of care and practice.

1 table, 13 ref

014196   Singh U B;Singh S P;Kamthan K P (Botany Dep, P.P.N. College, Kanpur-208 001, Email: ub.singh29@gmail.com) : Management of linseed wilt by certain essential oils. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(2), 165-7.

Essential oils of ten Angiosperm plants species including herbs, shrubs and tree; extracted by Clevenger Hydrodistillation method. Three different concentrations of oil (250 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml and 1000 mg/ml) were screened for linseed wilt pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini). All were effective in inhibiting the growth of the pathogen in vitro. As the concentration of oils increased the inhibition percentage increased more or less proportionately. Azadirachta Mica and Cymbopogon jwarancusa essential oils at 1000mg/ml controlled the fungal growth to cent percent level. Hyptis suaveolense, Majorana hortensis and Nepeta hindostana checked growth of pathogen more than 90% while other five viz. Eucalyptis citriodorae, Mentha piperita, Murrya Koenigii, Ocimum basilicum and Vetiveria zizaniodes exhibited 77-85% check on the fungus. All the oils may be utilized to control the wilt disease as eco-friendly effective measure.

1 table, 8 ref

014195   Singh J N;Srivastava M;Tripathi S C;Pandey V N (Experimental Botany and Nutraceutical Laboratorym, Botany Dep, D.D.U. Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur-273 009, Email: jaycndranthsingh2yahoo.com) : Phytoneutraceutical therapies for stomach and related remedies in Gorakhpur district of U.P., India. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(2), 155-7.

The work deals with phyto-nutraceutical therapies for stomach and related remedies found in the North Eastern Terai region of Uttar Pradesh. Thirty four medicinally important species belonging to 18 families of angiosperms and some important plants are mentioned and their Botanical names, local names, families and medicinal uses of species are provided.

5 ref

014194   Singh A K;Nayak R;Singh P K (Genetics and Plant Breeding Dep, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu Univ, Varanasi-221 005, Email: anilbhu987@gmail.com) : Identification of bacterial leaf blight resistance genes in rice (Oryza sativa). Int J Sci Nat 2015, 6(2), 283-7.

An experiment was conducted during Kharif 2013 to screen the thirty four rice cultivars against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, and identify the presence of bacterial leaf blight resistance genes Xa21, xa13 and xa5. On the basis of mean lesion length at 15 days after inoculation, seven cultivars showed resistance, 4 moderately resistance, 6 moderately susceptible and 17 cultivars were susceptible to bacterial leaf blight. During the polymorphic survey of thirty four rice cultivars, no amplicons specific to Xa21 and xa13 allele were detected, showing the absence of these two genes in all the cultivars evaluated, while twenty cultivars along with resistant checks amplified 219 bp size fragments indicating the presence of xa5. Therefore, the resistant cultivars could be used for the transfer of bacterial leaf blight resistance gene to well adapted high yielding rice cultivars.

1 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref

014193   Sil S K (Botany Dep, Univ of Gour Banga, Malda (West Bengal)-732 103) : Effect of copper(2+), cadmium(2+) and iron(3+) on growth and lipid profile in developing seeds of Brassica campestris L.var.toria duth.. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 7-9.

Effect of 5 different concentrations of copper (Cu^{2+), cadmium (Cd2+) and iron (Fe3+) 0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 ppm were tested on developing seeds of Brassica campestris L. var. toria Duth. At 0.5 ppm Cu, Cd and Fe stimulatory effects were observed in respect to fruit production, seed yield and lipid concentration. Higher concentrations of Cu, Cd and Fe produced inhibitory effects on the rate of seed germination, plant height, fruit production, seed yield and lipid content. Fe is most potent inhibitor at and above 5.0 ppm, at 7.5 ppm and above, plant growth became stunted and resulted in mortility within a week. Lipid production (non polar,polar,phospholipids and glycolipid) was inhibited at higher concentrations of Cd. Chromosome abnormalities were detected beyond 5.0 ppm level of salts in both seeds.}

2 tables, 10 ref

014192   Siddique M A A;Jeelani S M (Floriculture Div, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (FMAP), Sher-e-Kashkmir Univ of Agricult, Shalimar, Srinagar-190 025, Email: sandrabi555@gmail.com) : Production technology for endangered medicinal plants of Kashmir Himalayas II. cultivation profile of Inulua racemosa hook.f.. Indian J nat Prod Resour 2015, 6(3), 231-6.

Production technology of Inula racemosa Hook.f., an endangered medicinal plant has been standardized for commercial exploitation in the farmer's field. The crop plants were raised through transplantation of seedlings during the months of November-December and early March with a planting density of 40,000 plants/ha. Besides, planting geometry, the nutritional requirements vis-a-vis crude production of the crop have been worked out. The optimum yield of the crude drug was obtained by supplementing the crop with 200 kg of nitrogen, 150 kg of phosphorus and 50 kg of potassium/ha. Resource allocation pattern worked out for the crop indicated that maximum biomass is accumulated with rootstocks during the month of October and therefore harvesting of the crude drug should be accomplished in this month.

6 illus, 4 tables, 7 ref

014191   Shinde S R (Botany Dep, Baliram Patil College, KINWAT Dist. NANDED.-431 804, Email: nssurendra@rediffmail.com) : Effect of aqueous extracts of different parts of ethnomedicinal plants from Kinwat forest on seed germination. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(2), 143-50.

In present study effect of seven ethnomedicinal aqueous plant extracts of 10% solutions with their different parts were tested on seed germination of some crop plants of the area. The Dioscorea bulbifera, Andrographis paniculata, Hymenodictyon obovatum showed considerable positive effects on germination of some treated seeds, Simillarly Riccinus communis showed positive results in seeds of Groundnut and Jowar. The seed abnormalities were also observed. Hygorphilla schulli and Tacca leontopetaloides showed less stimulating for some seeds. The stimulatory effect of plant extracts measured in terms of shoot and root length after '10' days.

1 illus, 7 tables, 9 ref

014190   Shinde M R;Mahajan M C (NO, Balasaheb Desai College, Patan) : Influence of climatic variations on basidiomycotina in the aerobiology of Patan (Maharashtra) India. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 31-4.

Seasonal variations in the concentration of airborne Basidiomycotina spores (Basidiospores, Rusts and Smuts) were studied by using Volumetric Tilak Air Sampler at Patan. Basidiomycotina form the third most dominant group next to Deuteromycotina (54%), Ascomycotina (24%) followed by Basidiomycotina (11%). The most abundant Basidiomycotina spores were of Basidiospores followed by Smut spores, rust spores and Ganoderma spores. Highest number of spores was recorded in the month of October 2011. In the dry weather of October month, spore number was large. This can be attributed to the spore dispersion in the smut spores during drier period.

1 illus, 2 tables, 27 ref

014189   Sharma O P (Botany Dep, Govt. College Bundi, Rajasthan, Email: opsharmabundi68@gmail.com) : Angiospermic plant community of Rameshwar of Bundi (Rajasthan). Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 145-6.

Present work deals with study of angiospermic plant association in Rameshwar of Bundi district, South-East Rajasthan observed during October 2013 to December 2014. This studies have made by the field survey of the region during different season.

10 ref

014188   Sanjay Kumar;Tewari L M (Botany Dep, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun Univ, Nainital-263 002, Email: sanjay14_kumar@outlook.com) : Pattern of litter fall in Pinus roxburghii Sarg. forest in Kumaun himalaya, India. Indian J Ecol 2015, 42(1), 219-23.

Present paper reports on the leaf litter, wood litter, miscellaneous litter and total litter fall in Pinus roxburghii forest of the Kumaun Himalaya. Peak values of leaf, wood and miscellaneous litter fall occurred in June, June and May respectively. The total annual litter fall was 693.3 g m^{-2, of which leaf, wood and miscellaneous litters accounted 80.72%, 17.57% and 1.72% respectively. Monthly leaf litter fall, wood litter fall and total litterfall was positively related to the monthly temperature of the site. Seasonal litterfall was also found significantly related to the temperature.}

4 illus, 3 tables, 2 ref

014187   Salve K M;More A D (NO, Pemraj Sarda College, Ahmednagar, Email: skbotany@gmail.com) : Induced flower colour mutations on Coriandrum sativum Linn.. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 177-8.

Present study was carried out to induce flower colour mutations in Coriandrum sativum Linn. Seeds were treated with different Concentration/Doses of Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) and Gamma rays. The treated seeds were cultivated for four generations to observe different Macro and Micro mutants in M₃ and M₄ generations. Several interesting mutants were isolated in this investigation with different phenotypes than that of control. Maximum mutation frequency for flower colour was induced by EMS. Different flower colour mutants were observed in current investigation.

1 table, 13 ref

014186   Roy S K (Botany Dep, T.D.B College, Raniganj, Burdwan, West Bengal) : Antifungal activity of whole plant extract and plant latices on mycelial growth of some pathogenic fungi. J mycopathol Res 2015, 53(1), 153-5.

Present investigation deals with the antifungal activity of a whole plant extract of Rauwolfia serpentina and plant lattices of Croton bonplandianum of Euphorbiaceae and Cryptostegia grandiflora of Asclepiadaceae on mycelial growth of two pathogenic fungi i.e. Collelotrichum capsici and Pyricularia oryzae. Although these two plants belong to distant taxa, but still they are selected in the present study due to significant production of metabolites in the form of lattices. The lattices of both Croton and Crytostegia were found to be significantly fungitoxic and growth inhibitory also. On the other hand, the whole plant extract of Rauvolfia in different fractions showed differential toxicity on mycelial growth of the test-fungi. Even the maximum dilution of whole plant extract and latices showed a considerable level of toxicity.

2 tables, 9 ref

014185   Rajkumai J D (Botany Dep, Cotton College, Guwahti-1) : Enhancement of nutracutical value of fenugreed (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) by physical treatment. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 129-30.

Fenugreek (T. foenum graecum L.) small herb belongs to the family fabaceae has been extensively used for medicinal purposes. The plant is used as herbal medicine in North Africa, Middle East and India. The useful part of the plant are seeds and stem which have wide range of medical application & its high demand makes necessary to enhance its productivity. Therefore an attempt has been made to increase the nutritional quality of the plant by physical factor like gamma radiation. Protein, carbohydrate, crude fiber, and fat content were estimated in M₁ and M₂ mutant plants. The most efficient mutagen to enhance the nutritional quality was found to be 3KR acute dose of gamma radiation.

8 ref

014184   Rajaram N;Devaraj N (Botany Dep, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641 014) : General survey of medicinal plants used to treat common ailments of Ettimadai and Pichanoor area, Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 139-42.

Indigenous medicinal practices have been the subject of attention since time immemorial. Exploration of the unknown medicinal plant and uses of known ones are attempted in various regions of India. As the indigenous knowledge of the people associated with traditional folk practices is now fast disappearing. There is an urgent need to study nad document this precious knowledge of posterity. The attempt has been made in the present study for an inventory of plants used medicinally in their traditional phytotherapeutic system by the rural population of Coimbatore district, to collect authentic date of how medicinal plants (time of collection, their composition mode of application) are used. From the present study screening of significant medicinal plants for phytochemical analysis and their use in clinical research has been recommended.

10 ref

014183   Rajaram N;Anurag R;Anverahmed M I (Botany Dep, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641 014) : Preliminary survey on medicinal plants of Ponnoothu and Anuvavi areas of Coimbatore (DT), Tamil Nadu. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 131-133.

To explore and judicial exploitations of medicinal plants by the rural folks, the present investigation was carried out in and around Ponnoothu and Anuvavi area of Coimbatore. In the present investigation over 30 medicinal plants with their therapeutic uses in the folk medicine have been documented. This study contributes an Ethno Botanical inventory of medicinal plants with their frequency of citation together with the parts used, disease treating and methods of application among the tribal communities of Ponnoothu and Anuvavi area. The present survey has documented from the study area have considerable indigenous knowledge about the local medicinal plants for treating the number of common diseases that is ready to be further investigated for the biological, pharmacological and toxicological screening. This study also provides some socio-economic aspects which are associated to the local tribal communities.

7 ref

014182   Pundir A K;Nazir T;Uniyal A K (Botany Dep, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand-248 001) : Morphological and biochemical studies in healthy and infected plant parts of Zea mays. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 161-4.

Ultimate aim of pollen grains is pollination leading to fertilization and seed production Pollen grains are a very minute structure encloses in it the entire body of plant. It contains all genetic information for a complete plant. It has great significance particulary in plant taxonomy. Results of present investigator revealed the effect of infection on the uptake rates of total N and P and its distribution in selected plant parts clearly define the nutritional aspects and role of macronutrients and pigments in growth and development. Our observation indicates that non-acetolysed pollen grains of Zea mays show reduction in size as compared than that of acetolysed pollen grains. Likewise total N, P and chlorophyll content uptake and its distribution in plant parts decline in infected plant parts as compared to healthy plant parts as in stem, leaf, anther & pollen grains.

5 illus, 4 tables, 19 ref

014181   Prusty G B;Sahoo H P (Botany Dep, M.P.Mahavidyalaya, Erakana, Mahanga, Cuttack-754 206) : Floristic diversity of daitari hill ranges of Keonjhar district, Odisha, India. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 87-92.

Present paper is based on the floristic diversity of Daitari hill ranges of Keonjhar district of Odisha studied during July 2012 to August 2013 mostly in three seasons like summer, monsoon and winter by using quadrate method. 140 species were recorded out of which 105 species are trees and 22 species are shrubs, 06 species are herbs and 07 species are climbers. The study mainly emphasizes on the floristic diversity and conservation of forest ecosystem.

2 illus, 4 tables, 6 ref

014180   Pauline B K;Boureima S;Romaric N K;Zakaria K; Nerbewende S;Mariam K;Ernest T R;Mohamadou S;Jeandidier Z (Laboratoire Biosciences, Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terr, Universite de Ouagadougou, 3 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Email: bationopauline@yahoo.fr) : Characterization of Solanum ethiopicum (Kumba Group) in Burkina Faso. Int J Sci Nat 2015, 6(2), 169-76.

Ninety five (95) cultivars of the Kumba Group "bitter eggplant" of the Solanuma ethiopicum species collected in the agricultural region of West Burkina Faso have been assessed using 22 agro-morphological descriptors. The study has shown that the naming process of cultivars in this area by farmers is solely based on phenotypic traits such as fruit colour, size or shape. This eggplant is grown, by both men and women, for its fruit and leaves. It has also highlighted large agro- morphological variability distinct from geographical factors. Two main cultivar groups have been identified. The first group consists of early season cultivars which are featured by average vegetative development and yield many small-sized piece of fruit. The second group comprises late cultivars with high vegetative development and a fewer large pieces of fruit.

5 illus, 6 tables, 18 ref

014179   Paul A;Datta B (Botany Dep, Kalyani Univ, Kalyani-741 235) : In vitro study of plant growth promoting attributes of three cadmium bio-remediating Pseudomonas spp.. J mycopathol Res 2015, 53(1), 137-41.

Present study deals with cadmium bioremediation potential and plant growth promoting activity of three strains of fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. isolated from different sources of industrial waste contaminated soil and water samples. All of them grow in Nutrient broth up to 500 μg/ml cadmium concentration and could also tolerate chromium, nickel and zinc. In vitro bio-remediation study showed that all the isolates were capable of removing approximately 50% of cadmium from the medium. Study of plant growth promoting features suggested that all the bacteria could solubilize inorganic phosphate (solubilization index varied from 1.8 to 2.5), and produce siderophore (diameter of orange halo on CAS plate varied from 12 to 20 mm) and showed catalase activity. Antagonism study of one of these strains against two fungal pathogens (Rhizoctonia solani and Alternaria solani) indicated positive result. These Cd bio-remediating strains might be exploited as biofertilizer in metal polluted agricultural field.

1 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

014178   Patra D K (NO, Rice Research Station, Chinsurah-712 102, Email: dr.dilippatra@gmail.com) : Management of damping off and seedling mortality diseases in rice seed bed. J mycopathol Res 2015, 53(1), 161-3.

Damping off and Seedling mortality diseases in rice seedbed is a disease complex caused by several seed borne and soil borne fungi. The disease usually develops when the seedlings lack vigour. This is often brought about by cool weather, which retards germination and growth. Field experiment was conducted during boro(dry) season 2012-13 and 2013-14 in order to evaluate the method and time of application of different fungicides in rice seed bed against these diseases. Significant result was obtained with a combination of wet seed treatment and seed bed treatment with Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% (25.88% seedling mortality). This was followed by and wet seed treatment with Carbendazim 50 WP + seed bed treatment with Carbendazim 50 WP (35.88% seedling mortality).wet seed treatment with Carlendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% (43.32% seedling mortality) Whereas, 70.52% seedling mortality was recorded at the untreated check plot.

^ssc1 table, 2 ref

014177   Pareek P;Sharma S;Sharma S;Sharma K P (Botany Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 055, Email: sharmakp_in@yahoo.co.in) : Identification of suitable species of submerged hydrophytes for controlling algal blooms in eutrophic water bodies. Pollut Res 2015, 34(3), 585-9.

Growth of explants of Potamogeton crispus L., P. pectinatus L., Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle and Ceratophyllum demersum L. was assessed in eutrophic microcosms along with their role in regulating algal populations. Explants initially grown in Hoagland (Control) and Hoagland + 0.5ppm copper (treatment) for 7days (12 days in P. pectinatus) were transferred into microcosms kept in an experimental plot open to sky (outdoor studies; direct sun light exposure to about 8h) and in the greenhouse having direct exposure to sun light for about four hours. Shoot length, chlorophyll content, shoot dry weight and relative growth rate (RGR) were found maximum in P. crispus shoots growing in the outdoor while in Ceratophyllum growing in mixed culture with Hydrilla in the indoor. Among controls, minimum number of phytoplankton was found in microcosms having P.pectinatus shoots whereas in treatments, it was in P. crispus in the outdoor study, and in mixed culture of Ceratophyllum and Hydrilla in the indoor study. Copper treatment having little adverse effects on shoot growth however, decreased phytoplankton counts effectively in microcosms having P. crispus (outdoor study) and mixture of Ceratophyllum and Hydrilla (indoor study). Based on our findings, P. crispus in combination with P. pectinatus and Ceratophyllum shall be suitable for controlling algal bloom through biomanipulation.

2 tables, 20 ref

014176   Panja B N;Chanda S;De D K;Saha J (Plant Pathology Dep, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohonpur-741 252) : Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) root colonization intensity, spore population density and species composition in the rhizosphere of forage crops. J mycopathol Res 2014, 52(2), 291-7.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) spore population density, root colonization intensity and species composition were studied from the root and soil samples collected from the rhizo-sphere of twelve forage crops, namely, green panic (Pan/cum maximum var. trichoglume (K. Schum.) C.E. Hibberd), dharbai grass (Eragrostis cynosuroides (Retz.) P. Beauv.,), sabai grass (Eulaliopsis binata Retz), dinanath grass (Pennisetum pedicellatum Tan.), thin napier (Pennisetum polystachyon (L.) Schult), signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.), sadabahar (Andropogon gayanus Kunth), congo grass (Imperata cylindrical (L) Raeuschel), humidicola grass (Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick), marvel grass (Dicanthium annulatum (L) Beauv.), setaria (Setatia italika (L.) Scribn.), and hybrid napier (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach)]. Mean AMF spore population densities in the rhizosphere and colonization intensities in the roots of forage crops varied from 72.2 - 113.2 per 30 g dry soil and 0.1 - 9.2% respectively. Mean spore number was observed highest with sadabahar, remained at par with signal grass and lowest with hybrid napier. AMF root colonization intensities in all forage crops studied were found exceptionally low. However, mean root colonization was found to be highest with signal grass, remained at par with humidicola and lowest with marvel grass. Out of total fifteen AMF spore types recovered from rhizospheres, eleven AMF spore types belonged to four genera viz. Glomus, Gigaspora, Sclerocystis and Acaulopsora and four spore types belonged to unidentified category. Of the four AMF genera, Glomus with six identified species appeared to be dominant genus followed by Acaulospora with two species, Sclerocystis and Gigaspora each with one species.

1 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

014175   Nizar K M;Gopakumar S;Vikas Kumar;Ajeesh R (Forest Management and Utilisation Dep, College of Forestry, Kerala Agricultural Univ, Thrissur-680 656, Email: vkskumar49@gmail.com) : Indigenous ethnomedicines and victuals of Malayans: an indigenous population of Peechi-Vazhani wildlife sanctuary, Western ghats, India. Indian J Ecol 2015, 42(1), 9-15.

Ethnobotanical study of the indigenous Malayan population of Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife sanctuary, Kerala revealed that they utilize 81 species of plants which included trees (29), herbs (15), climbers (16) and shrubs (21), distributed in 74 genera and 41 families. Drink or decoction made out of plant parts were observed as the most common mode of intake, while leaves were the common plant part used as medicine. Majority of the plants were used as anti-lacerative (11) and anti-diarrheal (10) agents. Despite rice continuing as their staple food, Malayan victuals included fruits (8 spp.), seeds (4 spp.), tubers and rhizomes (5 spp. each) and another 6 species used for their leaves. This study highlights the need for recording the local ecological knowledge of indigenous communities, which will help us formulate plans aimed at multiple-use-forestry.

5 illus, 5 tables, 15 ref

014174   Nawar K;Sharma O P (P.G. Botany Dep, Govt. College Bundi, Rajasthan, Email: kapil.nawar@yahoo.com) : Plants used in mythological significance by ethnic people of Ramgarh Vishdhari wild life sanctuary of Bundi (Rajasthan). Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 147-8.

Present paper highlights the plants species used in mythological significance by the ethnic people of Ramgarh Vishdhari Wild Life Sanctuary Bundi district (Rajasthan) observed during December, 2013 to December 2014. This study describes 14 plants species used by tribal and folk people of the region.

7 ref

014173   Nawar K;Sharma O P (Botany P.G. Dep, Govt. College Bundi, Rajasthan, Email: kapil.nawar@yahoo.com) : Ethno-medicinal plants used in the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery by tribes of Hindoli tehsil Bundi district (Rajasthan). Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 143-4.

Paper provides information on the use of plant crude drugs for the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery by the tribes of Hindoli tehsil Bundi district (Rajasthan). The 18 ethno-medicinal plants enumerated in this paper are reported to cure diarrhoea and dysentery along with their botanical name, family, local name and mode of use.

7 ref

014172   Naga Lakshmi J;Reddy S K (Cytogenetics, Tissue Culture and Molecular Biology Lab. Botany Dep, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: skreddybot@gmail.com) : Phytochemical analysis of Gloriosa superba (L.) tubers and seeds. Adv Pl Sci 2015, 28(1), 55-60.

Gloriosa superba is a medicinal plant now in endangered list. Seeds and tubers contain Valuable alkaloids like Colchicine and Colchicoside are the major constituents, which are used as antidote for snake bite, gout, rheumatism, plant breeding and karyotypic studies. Seeds and tubers were collected from different locations of Telangana for the evaluation of phytochemical analysis. The present study Preliminary phytochemical screening analysis showed methanol to be the best extraction solvent for alkaloids. Saponins and Tannins were positive in the extractions of Chloroform, Acetic anhydrate, Water, Hexane and Petroleum ether. Phenols were present only in methanol solvent. Seeds contained high amount of secondary metabolites than tubers.

5 tables, 17 ref

014171   Mishra M K;Bal S S;Behera B (Plant Pathology Dep, College of Agriculture, Univ of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT), Bhubaneshwar-751 003, Email: mkmpathology@yahoo.com) : Occurrence of leaf rust of Tectona grandis caused by Olivea tectonae in Odisha. J mycopathol Res 2015, 53(1), 165-7.

Teak (Tectona grandis L.) is a tropical hard wood tree species in family Lamiacae. It is a large deciduous tree which is dominant in mixed hard wood forest. Tectona grandis is native to South and South East Asia mainly India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Burma. Leaf rust of Tectona grandis caused by Olivea tectonae was found in Bhubaneswar causing severe damage to the foliage during October, 2013. The rust infection appeared first on matured lower leaves during August-September and it proceeded upwards reaching up to the top leaves. Pustules of orange yellow colour urediniospores appeared profusely on the under surface of matured leaves especially on the adaxial surface near the mid rib leaf. On the upper leaf surface the symptom appeared as small, angular, brown and gray necrotic lesions on the adaxial leaf surface. The hyper parasite Acremonium sp. was commonly associated with the rust spores and imparted white patchy growth on the underside of infected leaf. Orange yellow coloured urediniospores were released in groups which were subglpbose to slightly ellipsoidal measuring 9.48-10.98 urn (avg 10.34 μm) and 10.61-14.12 μm X 8.59-10.37 μm (avg 12.0-9.53 urn) respectively.

^ssc6 illus, 2 ref

014170   Meena K L (Herbarium and Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy, Botany Dep, MLV Goverment College, Bhilwara-311 001, Email: kanhaiyameena211@yahoo.com) : Hygrophila ringens (L.) R. Br. ex Spreng.-A new record from Rajasthan. Indian J nat Prod Resour 2015, 6(3), 241-3.

Hygrophila ringens (L.) R. Br. ex Spreng., was collected for the first time from Bhilwara Rajasthan. The detailed information on taxonomic account of this species has been presented here

1 illus, 5 ref