Veena P H;Pravin V K;Joshi N K;Bharat K
008621 Veena P H;Pravin V K;Joshi N K;Bharat K (Mathematics Dep, Smt. V.G. College for Women Gulberga, Karnataka) : Heat transfer in an electrically conducting fluid with variable thermal conductivity over a stretching sheet in a saturated porous medium. Int Rev pure appl Math 2007, 3(1), 5-19.
Analysis is carried out to study the heat transfer characteristics in an electrically conducting fluid over a linearly stretching sheet with variable thermal conductivity and internal heat generation/absorption in a saturated porous medium. Two cases are studied namely, (i) the sheet with prescribed surface temperature (PST Case), (ii) the sheet with prescribed wall heat flux (PHF Case). The solutions for the dimensionless temperature, temperature gradient, velocity field are obtained analytically interms of Rummer's functions and the results are represented by drawing graphs.
6 illus, 21 ref
Valluru S K;Nageswara Rao T;Kulkarni A D; Ananthapadmanabha T
008620 Valluru S K;Nageswara Rao T;Kulkarni A D; Ananthapadmanabha T (Electrical and Electronics Dep, Nalanda Institute of Engineering & Technology, Sattenapalli(M), Guntur-522 438) : Bio-computers for future affordable computing. Acta Cienc Indica-Phys 2008, 34(3), 539-43.
During recent years tremendous interest has been shown in use of biological molecules for computation. The human brain can be regarded as most advanced super computer in the world and it consist of organic molecules with out any semiconductor material. The human brain is superior to best possible semiconductor super computer in its ability to pursue, manipulate, self-repair, think and feel. The only areas in which semiconductor computers are more powerful than brain is the speed at which it can perform calculations. So it is possible to conceive a computer, based on organic molecules that can be miniaturized, powerful and faster than existing computers. This paper discusses the various aspects and prospects of DNA and protein computers in light of other competitive future technologies.
2 illus, 13 ref
Singh K;Singh P
008619 Singh K;Singh P (Soil & Water Engineering Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004) : Water table fluctuation vis-a-vis canal water supply and rainfall. Ann agric biol Res 2008, 13(2), 123-5.
Understanding of the nexus between ground water fluctuations, canal water supply and amount of rainfall is critical to devise suitable strategies for potential problems of waterlogging and soil salinity. The study was carried out for a typical farm facing shallow ground water table with intensive irrigation facilities. It was observed that in the studied farm ground water fluctuations were more affected by the amount of rainfall received during different periods rather than the available canal water supply, it was suggested that an efficient surface drainage system at the farm particularly during rainy season would be of great importance to check waterlogging risks.
1 illus, 2 ref
Singh K;Singh P
008618 Singh K;Singh P (Soil & Water Engineering Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural, University, Hisar-125 004) : Estimation of sub-surface inflow and outflow. Ann agric biol Res 2008, 13(2), 119-21.
Sub-surface inflow-outflow from a ground water basin is important to quantify its effect on fluctuation of ground water levels. In the study, the sub-surface inflow and outflow was quantified for a typical farm experiencing shallow ground water levels. The sub-surface inflow-outflow was estimated by flow net analysis. Flow net maps were drawn for the selected months of June and September for six years (1985 to 1990). Flow net analysis showed both sub-surface inflow and outflow to and from the farm during the analysis period. In general, sub-surface outflow was higher than the sub-surface inflow.
1 illus, 1 table, 3 ref
Shanmuga Vadivel T;Saravanan C G
008617 Shanmuga Vadivel T;Saravanan C G (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu-608 002) : Unregulated emission study on the engine fueled with blended methonal. Ecol Envir Conserv 2008, 14(1), 169-73.
Experimental test relating to the use of conventional improved Methanol-Gasoline fuel mixture preparation system on spark ignition engine is described. Experimental test is carried on Honda GK - 200, 4-storke, single cylinder petrol engine with 2.28 KW. The engine is run with a gasoline as fuel first, and then the engine is run with gasohol as fuel. Blending is done in the ratio of MS, MIO, MIS and M20. Engine performance improved and reduction in exhaust emission could experimentally results. Performance tests conducted with this system and showed considerable performance improvement in power output and in thermal efficiency, as well as substantial reduction in CO and HC emissions. The unregulated Aldehyde emission was also studied.
9 illus
Pruthviraj R D
008616 Pruthviraj R D (Chemistry Dep, Dr. MGR Research and Educational Institute, Chennai, Email: ramannad@yahoo.com) : Influence of Cl<. Res J Chem Envir 2008, 12(1), 84-6.
The effects of anions like Cl~ and SO-24 on the anodic dissolution of the monolithic ZA-27 alloy have been investigated at neutral pH through immersion testing and electrochemical techniques like potentiodynamic polarization techniques. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to characterize the corroded surface and to observe the extent of pitting in different media. From the evaluated corrosion parameters it was found that the dissolution of the matrix was extensively reduced in presence of aqueous solutions containing SO2-4 ions while Cl- ions aggravated corrosion by penetrating into the barrier oxide film on the surface of the material. Pronounced effect of pitting was observed in presence of Cl-. Corrosion rates were, however, controlled during prolonged exposure in the electrolytic media, specially in case of chloride media, due to the predominance of film repair kinetics.
7 illus, 3 tables, 14 ref
Paul K M
008615 Paul K M (Electronics and Telecommunication Engg., Discipline of Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata, Email: kmpaul_2000@rediffmail.com) : Mobile TV broadcasting. IETE Tech Rev 2008, 25(1), 39-42.
Mobile reception is a new feature evolved in TV broadcasting. Mobile reception requires a robust signal to overcome The complexity of mobile propagation channel. Though DVB-T, primarily intended for fixed terrestrial reception, has limited capacity for mobile TV broadcasting; addition of powerful 'Forward Error Correction'(MPE-FEC); new operational Mode-'4K' and new 'Time Slicing' technique for power conservation in the mobile handset, gave birth to a fully enabled mobileTV broadcast standard-DVB-H, as an extension of DVB-T.
ref
Patro B D K;Patvardhan C;Datta M
008614 Patro B D K;Patvardhan C;Datta M (Faculty of Engineering and Technology, R.B.S.College, Agra) : Optimal design of reliable networks using simulated annealing and global reliability. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2007, 10(1), 33-41.
Simulated annealing approach with specialised encoding, initialisation, and local searcff operators to optimise the design of communication network topologies is presented in this report. This NP-hard problem is often highly constrained so that random initialisations usually generate infeasible networks. Another complication is that the objective function involves calculating the all-terminal reliability of the network, which is computationally expensive calculation. Therefore, it is imperative that the search balances the need to thoroughly explore the boundary between feasible and infeasible networks, along with calculating objective function value on only the most promising candidate networks. This strategy of employing bounds, simple heuristic checks, and problem-specific repair can be used on other highly constrained combinatorial applications where objective function evaluations are computationally expensive.
4 illus, 12 ref
Nari G M
008613 Nari G M (NO, , , Email: chairman@isro.gore.in) : Role of communications satellites in national development. IETE Tech Rev 2008, 25(1), 3-8.
Recognising the immense potential of communications satellites for establishing connectivity to far-flung and remote areas and for using television broadcasting for mass education, India undertook experimental projects to demonstrate the need for having a domestic communications satellite that paved the way for establishing Indian National Satellite (INSAT) system. Starting with multipurpose communications satellites INSAT-1 series combining telecommunications, TV broadcast and meteorological services procured from abroad, ISRO embarked on design, development of more advanced INSAT -2, 3 and 4 series of satellites indigenously. The telecommunications. TV broadcast, radio networking and meteorological services were operationalised with NSAT-1 system in 1983. While providing uninterrupted services to the country in the above areas, ISRO undertook several innovative experiments using communications satellites. Staring with using INSAT satellites for training and developmental communications, societal applications such as tele-education and tele-medicine facilities were established. Use of INSAT satellites for disaster management support has also been established. A new concept lamely Village Resource Centres (VRC) combining the services of INSAT satellites and Indian Remote Sensing IRS) Satellites for providing holistic services at village level has also been operationalised.
Manchikanti S;Prasada Raju G V R
008612 Manchikanti S;Prasada Raju G V R (Civil Engineering Dep, JNTU, Kakinada-533 003) : Efficacy of electrolytes in the stabilisation of expansive soil subgrade. Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol envir Sci 2008, 10(3), 481-5.
Black Colton soils also known as problemetic soils, are basically susceptible to detrimental volumetric changes, with changes in moisture. The swelling properties or the expansive soil, depends on the type of clay mineral, crystal lattice structure, cation-exchange capacitt, ability or water absorption, density and water content. All over the world, efforts have been made to device ways and means to solve the problems due to expansive soils. Many techniques have been tried to alleviate the problems posed by expansive soils, which have met with limited success and hence the attempts to device better techniques are still going on. In order to control the deterioration and distress of the pavements, there is a need for a systematic study, for understanding the behaviour of expansive soils. Chemical modification by adding lime and lime-pozzolana mixes has been practiced for the last two decades. However, due to low solubility (about 1.2 g/lit @ 20°C) of lime and mixing problems involved, many researchers have reported that, CaCl2 could be an effective alternative to conventional lime treatment, due to its ready dissolvability in water and to supply adequate calcium ions, for exchange reactions. In this paper an attempt is made to study the efficacy of electrolytes on the properties of expansive clay. It is observed from the study that, the FeCl3 -treated test track showed better performance when compared with that of the untreated track.
5 illus, 1 table, 22 ref
Kuldeep Singh;Partap Singh;Sandeep Kumar
008611 Kuldeep Singh;Partap Singh;Sandeep Kumar (Soil & Water Engineering Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004) : Assessment of available water supply for evapotranspiration needs. Ann agric biol Res 2008, 13(2), 115-17.
Available water supply from irrigation and rainfall should be sufficient to meet crop water requirement during different periods for successful crop production. Maximum crop evapotranspiration (KT) was estimated from the calculated values of reference evapotranspiration and crop coefficients for different crops grown in the study area. A comparison was made between monthly and annual values of crop ET and available water supply. The available water supply was in general insufficient during summer months to meet crop water demands under the prevailing cropping pattern at the farm.
1 table, 2 ref
Khan S A;Zafar N A
008610 Khan S A;Zafar N A (National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, , Islamabad, Pakistan, Email: sher.afzal@nu.edu.k) : Promotion of local of global operation in train control system. J Digital Inf Mgmt 2007, 5(4), 231-6.
Control of trains in a sector of moving block interlocking system using the approach of promotion is provided. The promotion is the approach used to link the local state with a global state in Z specifications. The control comprises three components, i.e. sector, trains and security of a train in a sector.
4 illus 27 ref
Jeyalakshmi V;Sankaranarayanan K
008609 Jeyalakshmi V;Sankaranarayanan K (IT at VLB Janakiammal Dep, College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Email: jpjeya@gmail.com) : Challenges in technology and reconfiguration of SDR - a survey. IETE Tech Rev 2008, 25(1), 19-28.
"Life goes wireless", a motto for the evolving lifestyle of millions of people has pushed the flowering of several wireless standards spanning short to global coverage. The explosive growth of wireless communication has driven to have a quality radio device at an affordable cost. With the ability to reduce installation costs, add flexibility and easier deployment and maintenance, the attractiveness of wireless technologies needs little reinforcement. Recently this reinforcement turns the researchers to the reconfigurable SDR. Concentrate ton the review of the trends in change and challenging technology in reconfigurable SDR. This is the "any one, anywhere any time", paradigm of intelligent overlay communication establishment that is reconfiguration and re-programmability by software upgrades. The main technical objective of SDR is a versatile reconfiguration platform, which provides interoperability.
2 illus, 39 ref
Jagadeesh G
008608 Jagadeesh G (Aerospace Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: jaggie@aero.iisc.ernet.in) : Fascinating world of shock waves. Resonance 2008, 13(8), 752-67.
Introduces to the exhilarating world of Shock Waves. With their unique ability to enhance the pressure and temperature instantaneously in any medium of propagation, shock waves are now being used for many innovative applications in the industry. The origin of shock waves, their characteristics, laboratory tools used in their study, along with a few interesting industrial applications of shock waves developed at the Indian Institute of Science are described.
9 illus, 2 ref
Hamdan S F A
008607 Hamdan S F A (Computer Engineering Dep, Hijjawl Faculty for engineering Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan, Email: shamdan@yu.edu.jo) : Algorithm for generating the design matrix for multivariate polynomial least squares fitting. J Digital Inf Mgmt 2007, 5(4), 225-30.
Algorithm for generating the design matrix that is usually used for multivariate polynomial least square fitting is presented. Thedesign matrix is used in least squares fitting algorithm to construct a set of linear equations whose solution is the required polynomail coefficients. The developed algorithm was coded in MATLAB. The coded function named my polyfit(X,Y,ord) accepts as inputs two matrices: the first argument is a 2D matrix of the independent variable vector Y, and the last argument is the required degree of the fittling polynomial. The function returns the coefficient vector C and the design matrix A. Number of data points (k) needed for the function should be large enough for the solution of the set of linear equations to exist.
6 illus, 1 tables, 20 ref
Govinda Raju S P
008606 Govinda Raju S P (Aerospace Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: spg@aero.iisc.ernet.in) : Aerobasics-an introduction to aeronautics. Resonance 2008, 13(9), 836-42.
Modern aircraft are designed for the utmost in performance and safety as the penalty for any shortfalls in these areas is very heavy. Thus they incorporate many complex systems and subsystems, each developed using advanced scientific concepts and manufacturing methods. Aircraft design is undertaken by a group of design engineers, each with a specialized knowledge about a few subsystems but only a rough understanding of the whole aircraft. This rough overall understanding of the concepts and principles based on which an aircraft is organized is a vital element of a design engineer's toolbox. It helps him perform his own specialized task such that it fits in the complete design seamlessly. This comprehensive knowledge is not easily acquired from modern technical literature which is voluminous and primarily caters to special interest groups. An attempt has been made here to gather this knowledge and present it concisely as a series of articles, so that it will serve as a broad general introduction to aircraft engineering. This material should be useful not only to fresh engineers entering the aeronautical industry but also to students in all relevant branches of engineering. It is also likely to be of general interest to any scientifically inclined reader as | a source of basic information in a number of aeronautical disciplines. The general philosophy adopted here is best summarized by the following quote from the Panchatantra: "Knowledge indeed is unlimited, but life is short and there are many obstacles to the acquisition of knowledge. Therefore one must grasp the essential knowledge leaving out much detail ...".
3 illus, 3 ref
Chanda B
008605 Chanda B (NO, Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta) : Morphological algorithms for image processing. IETE Tech Rev 2008, 25(1), 9-18.
Mathematical morphological operators are based on set theoretic approach and are suitable for extracting shape information. Some important operators are dilation, erosion, opening and closing. Image intensity profile may be viewed as a topographical surface, where pixel co-ordinate stands for the location and the intensity for the altitude. Thus, the surface relief and slope represent different types of object features. Hence, morphological tools are found very effective for image processing. Discuss various image processing algorithms using morphological tools and the results obtained by applying them on both grayscale as well as colour image.
22 illus, 9 ref
Wani P W;Mehta R;Talware R S;Patil G C
007599 Wani P W;Mehta R;Talware R S;Patil G C (Engineering Faculty, Pune Univ, Pune) : Optimisation of VCD format and testbench reuse in implementation of ASIC tester. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 13-21.
Presents a new methodology to re-use test-benches in FPGA/ASIC testing. The state-of-the art methodology uses hardware/software co-design. A platform is developed which combines the advantages of simulation & Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) using Reconfigurable Devices (RD) like FPGAs to verify the functionality of ASICs and RDs. The proposed testing environment consists of the FPGA based reconfigurable hardware and set of software tools to interface between a simulator and hardware environment. It is a standalone tool i.e. independent of any CAD development environment and runs from any PC with windows operating system. It takes in a test bench in Value Change Dump format and converts it to a set of test patterns, compatible with hardware. Software tool includes VCD to IOC (Input-Output Configuration), Signal replication and methodology of generating test patters. The testbench created by the designer is reused to create VCD file. The same is input as a test pattern for the Device Under Test (DUT) through ASIC Tester (AT). In the developed AT, VCD formats are modified, rather de-optimised in memory usage for hardware design simplicity and acceleration. The results obtained from DUT are compared with the simulation results obtained while designing RTL of the ASIC/FPGA for further fault analysis if any.
7 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref
Uttarwar M;Yerpude R
007598 Uttarwar M;Yerpude R (Faculty Mining Engg. Dep, R. G. College of Engg Research & Technology, Chandrapur, Maharashtra) : Appraisal of overburden blast casting technique in Indian surface coal mines. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(5-6), 92-9,107.
India is the third largest producer of coal and fourth largest possessor of coal reserves in the world. The Indian surface coal mining producing a major chunk of coal production, presently is found to be growing bigger and better in size prompted by the need to cut mining costs through maximizing the overall scale of operations. Hence the need for improvement in productivity using leverage of smart technologies. Under this scenario, Blast casting of overburden appears to be a promising technique intended to improve the productivity of given operations. On these lines, paper compares the global practices of the technique as against experiences gained during the application in India. Herein an attempt is made to analyze the potential of this technique based on assessment of Indian scenario considering various impediments. Provides suggestive measures coupled with future potential, so that the method becomes acceptable technology.
5 illus, 4 tables, 31 ref
Uttam Kumar;Anil Kumar;Dwivedi P
007597 Uttam Kumar;Anil Kumar;Dwivedi P (Agricultural Engineering Dep, Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi-834 006) : Performance evaluation of self propelled rice transplanter. J Res-Birsa Agric Univ 2008, 20(1), 59-65.
Performance of 8-row self-propelled rice transplanter, marketed by MIS VST Agro Inputs, Bangalore was found satisfactory during its operation in the University farm as well as farmers' field. Field capacity of the machine was found to be 0.174 ha/h with field efficiency of about 54 per cent at an operating speed of 1.7 km/h. By using this transplanter, the cost of transplanting including nursery raising was Rs1200 per hectare less than the conventional system of rice transplanting. This system requires about 9-10 times less labour as compared to a hand transplanting.
5 illus, 4 tables, 2 ref
Suman Y;Rajpal N
007596 Suman Y;Rajpal N (NO, NISTADS, K S Krishnan Marg, Pusa, New Delhi-110 012, Email: geetyogesh@yahoo.com) : Analysis and simulation of mobile location tracking techniques. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 51-60.
Information about location of a mobile phone can be very useful in tackling issues like limitations of frequency spectrum and co-channel interference which has always presented challenges in proper functioning of a mobile communication systern. Paper presents simulation results of two mobile location tracking techniques in terms of accuracy. The techniques considered are represented in terms of mathematical equations which give information about location of mobile station (MS) in terms of x and y coordinates. A modification in one of the equations is also suggested which is verified through simulation, regarding its accuracy in determining the location of a mobile station can be increased.
5 illus, 4 tables, 4 ref
Sinha Roy B
007595 Sinha Roy B (NO, Wirtgen India Ltd., 16/1 Prince Anwar Shah Road, Opp. Navina Cinema, Kolkata-700 033) : Surface mining technology - breaking ground in the Indian mining industry. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 59-65.
14 illus
Singh V K
007594 Singh V K (Slope Stability Div, Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad-826 001) : Geotechnical study and optimum pit slope design of the ashok coal opencast project. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 70-2.
Deals with the geotechnical study and optimum ultimate pit slope design of Ashok opencast project with special reference to the highwall stability of slopes created by surface miner. It was also aimed to know the influence of slope design parameters on the safety factor by sensitivity analysis. Geotechnical mapping was done on the exposed benches of the surface mine as per the norms of International Society of Rock Mechanics. The different geoªmechanical properties of lithological units were determined. The failure analysis was done by GALENA software based on limit equilibrium method and optimum slope design was recommended.
5 illus, 4 tables, 2 ref
Singh J K;Singh V K;Kumar M
007593 Singh J K;Singh V K;Kumar M (NO, Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad) : Surveying, 3D modelling and precise volume compution of a hilly limestone mine using SURVOL - a new technology. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(7-8), 135-9.
The paper describes a surveying, digital terrain modelling and precise volume computation work undertaken for a hilly limestone mine of complex topography. The entire work of surveying and 3D data generation, DTM creation, contouring, plan and sections generation along different orientation, volume computation and plotting has been achieved by SURVOL package. Precision of the work was high as the highest precision was achieved in the process of data collection and DTM creation - which forms the backbone for all subsequent processes such as mine bench visualisation, RL computation of any random point, contour generation, extraction of sections along any direction, and excavated volume computation.
10 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref
Singh A K
007592 Singh A K (NO, Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Ltd., Gondwana Place,Kanke Road, Ranchi-834 008) : Surface miner application at ashok project of Piparwar area in CCL. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 39-40,54.
4 illus, 5 tables
Schimm B
007591 Schimm B (Mining Div, , Wirtgen GmbH, Hobner Str 2, 53578 Windhagen, Germany, Email: miningdivision@wirtgen.com) : Surface mining technology - a concept gets fast growing worldwide recognition. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 44-5.
1 illus
Sasi Bhushana Rao G;Goswami R
007590 Sasi Bhushana Rao G;Goswami R (Univ College of Engineering, Andhra Univ, Visakhapatnam-530 003, Email: sasi_gps@yahoo.co.in) : Ionospheric delay estimation for improving the global positioning system position accuracy. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 23-9.
The ionospheric delay is one of the largest sources of error that affects the Global Positioning System (GPS) positioning accuracy. By combining simultaneous measurements of signals at two different frequencies the effect can be minimized due to the dispersive nature of the ionosphere. But it remains a problem for single-frequency GPS receiver users. GPS signal propagation speed in the ionosphere is characterized by its refractive index. The phase and group refractive indexes are derived to calculate the ionospheric effect on the GPS signal measurement. Several electron density models such as Bent and IRI are available for the study of electron density profiles at different altitudes of the ionosphere. Klobuchar model is the only model available for estimating the ionospheric time delay for single frequency GPS users. The Klobuchar model is a simple-computational model with an ideal description for the ionosphere's average behaviour. In dual frequency receivers, ionospheric delay can be estimated precisely by taking the advantage of the dispersive nature of the ionosphere. The delay is estimated by measuring the difference in arrival times of the two GPS frequencies. In this paper Total Electron Content (TEC) values are presented for a typical day using phase and code measurements of a dual frequency GPS receiver located at Hyderabad, India and using the Klobuchar model also. The results are analyzed and presented.
2 illus, 10 ref
Saravanakumar G;Wahidabanu R S D;Nayak C G; Thirunavukkarasu I
007589 Saravanakumar G;Wahidabanu R S D;Nayak C G; Thirunavukkarasu I (NO, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal-576 104, Email: saravanakumar579@yahoo.com) : Design and analysis of modified smith predictors for self-regulating and non-self regulating processes with dead time. Indian chem Engr 2008, 50(1), 1-16.
A modification of Smith predictor for controlling higher order processes with integral action and long dead time is proposed. The controller used in the Smith predictor is an integral-proportional derivative controller where the integrator is in the forward path and the proportional and derivative control are in the feedback acting on the feedback signal. The main objective is to design a dead time compensator (DTC), which has minimum tuning parameters, simple controller tuning, robust performance of tuning formulas and to obtain a critically damped system, which is as fast as possible in its set point and load disturbance rejection performance. The controller in the work was tuned by adaptive method. A survey of various DTCs and their performance analysis has also been presented.
16 illus, 1 table, 11 ref
Sahay N;Sinha V K
007588 Sahay N;Sinha V K (NO, Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad) : Liability index for proneness of coal towards spontaneous heating based on critical temperature. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(7-8), 115-21.
Presents brief description of different liability index particularly based on thermal study, a critical analysis of dependency of critical temperature on moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, carbon content, surface area and porosity, new liability index based on thermo-decompositional study of coal sample and correlation with liability index model based on coal proximate analysis results of coal sample including surface area and porosity.
7 illus, 5 tables, 17 ref
Ray S K;Singh R P;Ghosh A K
007587 Ray S K;Singh R P;Ghosh A K (NO, Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad-826 001) : Water mist - an emerging fire suppression system to control coal mine fire. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(7-8), 129-34.
Water mist' refers to fine water sprays in which 99% of the volume of the spray is in droplets with diameter less than 1000 μm. Deals with the use of 'water mist' as fire suppressant in coal mines. Water mist could have better suppressant in comparison with other existing fire suppressant like Halon 1211, Halon 1301 as the latter have environmentally unsuitable, being ozone depletion properties. Water mist considerably reduces heat and subsequently temperature of fire as well as radiation attenuation, which resists the spreading of fire to virgin fuel. Higher latent heat of evaporation and specific heat of water mist make it better than other suppressant. Large scale model based study done by Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFR), Dhanbad on water mist establishes its suitability to suppress coal mine fires. Water mist infusion has been proved to be safe and very effective technique for not only controlling open fire in underground mines but also reducing toxic gases, minimizing rollback and improving visibility in the fire affected areas. However further research should be carried out to determine the optimum water droplet size, air velocity, water droplet velocity according to fire size and category on field based study.
1 illus, 2 tables, 25 ref
Ray S;Ghosh A K
007586 Ray S;Ghosh A K (NO, Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad-826 001) : Coal mine fires - hazards and modern control techniques. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(5-6), 103-7.
Fires have long been recognized as hazards associated with coal mining. Coal mine fire causes economic losses by virtue of loss of coal and coal winning machinery. Environmental problems at surface and underground due to coal mine fire are discussed in terms of production of noxious, toxic gases, global warming and fire damp explosion. Social and health problems due to mine fire are dealt with. An account of modern techniques like water mist technology, remote sensing and infusion of carbon dioxide are also given.
19 ref
Rango F D;Tropea M;Veltri F;Marano S
007585 Rango F D;Tropea M;Veltri F;Marano S (DEIS Dep, Calabria Univ, Italy 87036, Email: derango, mtropea, fveltri, marano@deis.unical.it) : GS burst loss percentage analysis over an IntServ satellite system with a mixed GS-GLS traffic. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 39-44.
The performance of an Integrated Services Satellite network, loaded with two QoS traffic classes, Controlled Load Services (CLS) and Guaranteed Services (GS), has been shown. The GS Burst Loss Percentage (BLP) has been examined and the behavior of the system loaded with both classes of service has been analyzed. A novel management of CLS has been considered in order to analyze the system behavior with different percentages of GS and CLS traffic in terms of burst loss. Studied the Call Admission Control (CAC) phase for CLS in the satellite network. Differenfsimulations have been performed varying some network parameters and analyzes the CLS bandwidth levels declared in satellite admission phase. Furthermore, a regression analysis on simulation results is carried out in order to obtain an expression for the average GS BLP as a function of the traffic load and CLS peak values.
4 illus, 1 table, 8 ref
Rajalakshmi;Jhunjhunwala A
007584 Rajalakshmi;Jhunjhunwala A (Telecommunications and Computer Networks (TeNeT) Group, Electrical En, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600 036, Email: [raji, ashok]@tenet.res.in) : Analytical performance computation for all optical networks with wavelength conversion. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 31-8.
Proposes an analytical model that computes the blocking probability and the channel utilisation for a given load on the optical networks with wavelength conversion at the nodes. The computation has been carried out for fixed routing with uniform traffic distribution (UTD). When any link on a route blocks a call, the dropped call reduces the offered load on all other links invovled in the route. The overall blocking probability of the network is estimated using Erlang fixed point approximation with the reduced load on the links. The expression has been validated by comparing the results with that of simulation for a number of standard networks including 14 node NSFNET, 20 node ARPANET and 20 node INDIANET. The analytical method performs well in the desired range of blocking probabilities and is applicable to any network topology.
6 illus, 3 tables, 10 ref
Raina A K;Ramulu M;Choudhury P B;Kumar A
007583 Raina A K;Ramulu M;Choudhury P B;Kumar A (NO, Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Regional Centre, 3rd Floor, MECL Complex, Seminary Hills, Nagpur-440 006, Email: cmrirc@dataone.in) : Application of digital image analysis technique for assessment of blast fragmentation and explosives energy utilisation in a large opencast coal mine. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(7-8), 140-7.
A good and optimum fragmentation is one of the primary criteria of blasting in mines. This governs other unit operations like loading, transportation and thus the total cost of mining. Many rock mass parameters as well as blast design parameters control the fragmentation. Models have been developed to predict mean fragmentation and uniformity including the influencing parameters. Digital image analysis technique with analytical software is one of the latest and easy to use tools to measure the fragmentation in large muck piles. Fragalyst3.0 software has been extensively used in PK-OCII mine of SCCL to assess the fragmentation distribution and energy utilisation in 21 blasts. It was revealed that though the maximum size of the fragments hardly exceeded the permissible one, the mean fragment size was predominantly out of the optimum range inviting modifications in the blast design. Further, the explosives energy utilisations assessed in different blasts could be well related with the pre- and post-blast fragmentation.
8 illus, 5 tables, 21 ref
Patro P;Dewan A;Dayanand L
007582 Patro P;Dewan A;Dayanand L (Chemical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781-039, Email: adewan@iitg.ernet.in) : Thermal performance of a circular pin fin compact heat exchanger. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(4), 1929-37.
Deals with heat sinks that are primarily used in dissipating heat generated by electrical and/or electronic components and assemblies. The steady-state, forced-convective cooling of a horizontally based circular pin-fin assembly has been numerically investigated using the commercial CFD code FLUENT 6.2.16. The circular pin-fins in staggered arrangement are placed vertically in a horizontal heated base plate. The effect of the pin fin's thermal conductivity on the performance of heat exchanger is discussed. For this purpose, two fin materials, namely nickel and steel, are considered for comparing the thermal characteristics. The results are generalized, in a nondimensional form, and presented graphically. It has been shown that for a constant temperature of the base plate of the pin-fin assembly, the rate of heat transmission is increased by increasing the thermal conductivity of the pin-fins.
6 illus, 9 ref
Padmasai Y;SubbaRao K;Raghavendra Rao C;Sita Jayalakshmi S;Koteshwar Rao M D
007581 Padmasai Y;SubbaRao K;Raghavendra Rao C;Sita Jayalakshmi S;Koteshwar Rao M D (ECE Dep, VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, Email: ypadmasai@gmail.com) : EEG analysis using chi-square association metric. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 73-80.
The detection of neural spike activity is a technical challenge that needs to be studied for examining many types of brain functions. Presents some aspects of fast non-linear association measures, based on the work of Cramer (V) and Sakoda's adjusted Pearson's C, (C*). The features of these new measures like the V measure and Sakoda's measure are manifested when applied to bio-signals like Electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. A comparative study with other well known association measures of EEG signals is presented. Based on the analysis of the experimental results it can be concluded that Sakoda's adjusted Pearson's measure produces better results than other measures. The following results are also verified (1) Chi-squared (χ2) value which is approximately equal to 2N times the Mutual Information (MI) and (2). The value of the Information Transmission coefficient 7xy without and with V yielded approximately the same result. This proposal aims at optimizing the resources such as time and memory storage by reducing the number of electrodes.
2 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref
Nath M;Ahmed M
007580 Nath M;Ahmed M (Geological Sciences Dep, Gauhati University, Guwahati-788 014) : Abundance of sulphur in eocene coal, Bapung coalfield, jaintia hills, Meghalaya, North east India. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(7-8), 148-9.
The Bapung coalfield is located in Maghalaya where three bituminous coal seams occur in the Lakedong sandstone member of Shella formation of the Jaintia Group (eocene). The coal contains high amount of sulphur. Study deals with the distribution of different forms of sulphur. The percentage of different forms of sulphur in Bapung coal are: total sulphur 3.58 to 5.02, pyretic 0.34 to 0.86, sulphate 0.38 to 0.59 and organic 2.44 to 3.64. Organic sulphur content appears to be more abundant among the different sulphur species.
2 tables, 3 ref
Nag U K;Kant S;Roy S
007579 Nag U K;Kant S;Roy S (NO, Larsen & Toubro Ltd., Kanshahal Works, Dist Sundergar, Orissa-770 034) : L & T Surface miner - application and experience. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 66-9.
Mining is a hazardous process, which can have adverse effect to environment, human life and safety. Sometimes the minerals are deposited so closely to the human habitation that the conventional mining methodology cannot be adopted. Very often the mineral bands are found so closely mixed with the other rocks that it is very difficult to mine them separately. So the opencast mining calls for development of an appropriate technology, which can be adopted efficiently with minimum environment and safety hazards. Surface miner is a viable solution to overcome these problems. Due to the environmental/safety and economic reasons, surface miners are finding more and more applications for extracting various types of mine deposit. L&T has started its journey with surface miners about five years back and has now gained reasonable experience on its application. The team of L& T has acquired knowledge and experience in the operation of surface miner in various types of mine deposits in India and abroad. With this knowledge and experience the team of L& T is evaluating new mines and application for adaptation of surface miner.
5 illus
Mitra A
007578 Mitra A (Electronics and Communication Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Guwahati, Email: a.mitra@iitg.ernet.in) : Efficient decision feedback equalizer with a novel block based NLMS algorithm. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 61-9.
A new block-based normalized least mean square (NLMS) algorithm with set-membership filtering (SMF) criteria is proposed for symbol rate decision feedback equalization. This block-based simplification of NLMS algorithm with the principle of SMF provides substantial reduction in filter weight updating operations as well as less bit error rate while keeping the convergence speed almost same as the existing algorithms for the same purpose. It is shown in the results that the introduced algorithm yields better performance in presence of co-channel interference and also offers significant reduction in certain implementational operations due to its structural simplicity.
8 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref
Mehta S S;Lingayat N S
007577 Mehta S S;Lingayat N S (Electrical Engineering Dep, Jai Narain Vyas Univ, MBM Engineering College, Jodhpur-342 001, Email: ssmehta_58@rediffmail.com) : Development of SVM based ECG pattern recognition technique. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 5-11.
Presents simple and reliable method for the detection of QRS complexes (cardiac beat) in single lead Electrocardiograms (ECG) using Support vector machine (SVM). Two different preprocessing techniques are applied for the generation of features. First involves digital filtering to remove base line wander and power line interference while the second involves entropy criterion for feature generation. SVM is used as a classifier to classify QRS and non-QRS regions. The results of the validation of the method on the standard CSE ECG database are also presented. Detection rate of 99.79 % is achieved. The percentage of false positive and false negative is 0.86% and 0.21% respectively. The proposed method functions reliably even under the condition of poor signal quality of the ECG. The detection rate depends strongly on the quality of training, data representation and the mathematical basis of the classifier.
5 illus, 26 ref
Mandal S K;Singh M M;Bhagat N K;Dasgupta S
007576 Mandal S K;Singh M M;Bhagat N K;Dasgupta S (NO, Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research, Dhanbad) : Impact of single-hole and multi-hole blasting on vibration parameters. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(7-8), 122-8.
Prediction of blast induced ground vibration and their associated parameter is very difficult and still remains unsolved. Magnitude of vibration, at a distance of concern, depends not only on charge per delay (CD) but also on total charge (TC) and the ratio between total charge and charge per delay (TCCD). Considering two case studies of Jaypee Cements viz., Naubasta and Bela mine, the paper emphasized that magnitude of vibration, acceleration, displacement, duration of vibration and time of peak magnitude varies with the variation of charge parameters. Puts forward that for both single-hole and multi-hole blasting, the attenuation characteristics of magnitude of vibration and its associated parameters varied not only with respect to charge per hole or CD but also TC and TCCD. Emphasizes to minimize the error between the predicted and observed magnitude, vibration data should be categorized with respect to attenuation characteristics i.e., magnitude of vibration under different attenuation characteristics should be predicted by different predictor equation. Moreover, three predictor equations, using the three charge parameters viz., CD, TC and TCCD, in place of Q in USBM equation, should be used for derivation of empirical equation for each range of distance and the equation having least standard error of estimation (SEE) for that range of distance should be selected as the best-fit predictor equation for that range of distance.
4 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref
Kumar A;Mondal P C;Taunk K;Choudhary B S
007575 Kumar A;Mondal P C;Taunk K;Choudhary B S (NO, Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad) : An effective approach to control the fugitive haul road dust of lignite opencast mine - by chemical treatment. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(5-6), 100-2.
The Movement of heavy vehicles on unpaved haul road of opencast mine is one of the major source for generation of air borne dust. The traditional method for suppression of haul road dust by spraying of plain water does not remain effective after the evaporation of water. The wetting agent of aliphatic organic compound based dust suppressant chemical is mixed in spraying water initially at ratio of dilution of 1:1000 followed subsequently by dilution of 1:5000 acts as dust binder. The Dustron PC lignite satisfied the physico-chemical properties in CIMFR (previously CMRl), Dhanbad and the satisfactory performance is also observed in the field trial of roadbed of unpaved haul road of lignite opencast mine of GIPCL, Vastan Gujarat.
8 illus, 5 ref
Knezicek T;Petrovic M
007574 Knezicek T;Petrovic M (Mining Dep, Geology and Civil Engineering, University of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina) : Coal quality controlled by wirtagen surface mines at gracanica-gacko pit mine. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 73-4.
Gacko coal pit mine, located in Bosnia and Herzegovina, has complex mining system, the combination of continuous and discontinuous mining systems operating on two mining fields. Mine deploys two Wirtgen surface miners for coal extraction cutting maximum 0,5 m coal slice. Surface miners' performances enable coal quality control essential for the strategic consumer thermal power station in Gacko. Shows elements of mining operations and selective mining, achieving required coal quality.
4 illus, 6 ref
Kne-Icek T
007573 Kne-Icek T (Faculty of Mining, Geology and Civil Engineering, , Univerzitetska 2, 75000 Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Email: knezicek@bih.net.ba) : Bench geometry for surface miners. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 55-8.
Surface miners are used for digging, cutting, excavation and selective mining of coal and useful minerals, thus permitting more efficient exploitation of the deposit. Such operations as drilling, blasting and preliminary crushing are no longer required when using surface miners. Vibrations, noise and dust loads are reduced considerably. The material is cut into small lumps and can be transported on conveyor belts if necessary. Surface Miners are used in tunnels to enlarge the headroom by lowering the tunnel floor. In road construction, Surface miners can be successfully used for routing work. In underground salt mines, these machines are used to maintain the heavily frequented transport roads. Surface miners find their natural applications in projects where drilling and blasting is prohibited or where selective mining of mineral seams, partings and overburden is required. Due to huge range of applications, bench geometry for surface miners is complex and different comparing to other surface mining technology. Deals with optional bench geometry for discontinuous and continuous mining technologies.
7 illus, 4 ref
Hutchins J
007572 Hutchins J (Vermeer Manufacturing Co., , 1210 Vermeer Road East, P.O. Box 200, Pella, Lowa 50219, USA, Email: jhutchins@vermeer-mfg.com) : Vermeer T1255 terrain leveler<. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 46-50.
11 illus
Hollyer G M;Hrvoic I
007571 Hollyer G M;Hrvoic I (GEM Advanced Magnetometers, , Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada) : Development of a tri-directional helicopter gradiometer for mineral exploration applications. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(1-2), 8-12.
Introduces an enhanced system for measuring tri-directional gradients (vertical, horizontal across and horizontal along track) using state-of-the-art potassium sensors for higher sensitivity, reduced noise, high absolute accuracy, and high speed surverys. The tri-driectional gradiometer is an advanced magnetic system with many advantages characteristic to multi-sensor surveys, including freedom from diurnal effects and noise, altitude correction of total field magnetics, improved magnetic mapping and enhanced interpretation. Futur directions will be to assist companies and organizations in adopting this new technology and to help enhance current exploration approaches.
5 illus, 5 ref
Hamm G
007570 Hamm G (Bucyrils DBT Mining Engineers GmbH, , Saarbrucken, Germany) : Integrated hard roof management - vision of tomorrows technology. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(5-6), 83-4,107.
3 illus, 3 ref
Ghose A K
007569 Ghose A K (NO, Indian School of Mines University, Dhanbad) : New technology for surface mining in the 21st century - emerging role for surface miners. J Mines Metals Fuels 2008, 56(3-4), 41-3.
6 ref
Ganesan N;Indira P V;Abraham R
007568 Ganesan N;Indira P V;Abraham R (Civil Engineering Dep, National Institute of Technology, Calicut-673 601) : Steel fibre reinforced high performance concrete beam-column joints subjected to cyclic loading. ISET J Earthquake Technol 2007, 44(3-4), 445-56.
Describes the experimental results of ten steel fibre reinforced high performance concrete (SFRHPC) exterior beam-column joints under cyclic loading. The M60 grade concrete used was designed by using a modified ACI method suggested by Aitcin. Volume fraction of the fibres used in this study varied from 0 to 1 % with an increment of 0.25%. Joints were tested under positive cyclic loading and the results were evaluated with respect to strength, ductility and stiffness degradation. Test results indicate that the provision of SFRHPC in beam-column joints enhances the strength, ductility and stiffness, and is one of the possible alternative solutions for reducing the congestion of transverse reinforcement in beamªcolumn joints. An attempt has been made to compare the shear strengths of beam-column joints obtained by using the models proposed by Tsonos and co-workers, Bakir and co-workers, and Jiuru and co-workers. As these models are meant for the joints in ordinary concrete, comparison was not found to be satisfactory. The model proposed by Jiuru and co-workers was modified to account for the presence of high performance concrete. The proposed model was found to compare satisfactorily with the test results.
10 illus, 3 tables, 18 ref
Dutta Roy S C;Tholeti P B
007567 Dutta Roy S C;Tholeti P B (Electrical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110 016, Email: scdroy@ee.iitd.ac.in) : New feedback configuration for canonical realization of IIR filters and its application to lattice realizations. IETE J Res 2008, 54(1), 45-50.
A feedback configuration is presented for canonical realization of an arbitrary IIR transfer function H(z) = P(z) l Q(z) with M = P(z)° < N = Q(z)°, which does not appear to have been discussed in the literature. It consists of an IIR transfer function F(z) of degree R in the forward path, where M < R < N, and an FIR transfer function G(z) of degree N - M, in which the first R - M + 1 terms are absent in the feedback path. F(z) and G(z) can be realized by any structure including lattice, if applicable. Application of this method is shown to solve the problem of canonical lattice realization of any IIR transfer function H(z) = P(z) I Q(z) in which M < N and the constant term in P(z) is absent.
6 illus, 4 ref