ISA

High density matter at RHIC
Ullrich T S

013170   Ullrich T S (Brookhaven National Laboratory, , Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA) : High density matter at RHIC. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 465-81.

QCD predicts a phase transition between hadronic matter and a quark-gluon plasma at high energy density. The relativistic heavy ion colider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory is a new facility dedicated to the experimental study of matter under extreme conditions. Already the first round of experimental results at RHIC indicated that the conditions to create a new state of matter are indeed reached in the collisions of heavy nuclei. Studies of particle spectra and their correlations at low transverse momenta provide evidence of strong pressure gradients in the highly interacting dense medium and hint that we observe a system in thermal equilibrium. Recent runs with high statistics allow us to explore the regime of hard-scattering processes where the suppression of hadrons at large transverse momentum, and quenching of di-jets are observed thus providing further evidence for extreme high density matter created in colliions at RHIC.

12 illus, 53 ref

Baryogenesis and the new cosmology
Trodden M

013169   Trodden M (Department of Physics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1130, USA) : Baryogenesis and the new cosmology. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 451-63.

Reviews the status of approaches to understanting the origin of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU). Describes a recent model unitying three seemingly distinct problems facing particle cosmology: the origin of inflation, the generation of the BAU and the nature of dark energy.

53 ref

Unraveling supersymmetry at future colliders
Tata X

013168   Tata X (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA) : Unraveling supersymmetry at future colliders. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 439-50.

After a quick review of the current limits on sparticle masses, outlines the prospets for their discovery at future colliders. Then proceeds to discuss how percision measurements of sparticle masses can provide information about how SM superpartners acquire their masses. Finally examines how one can proceed to establish wheather or not any new physics discovered in the future is supersymmetry, and describes how one might zero in on the framework of SUSY breaking. In this connection reviews sparticle mass measurements at future colliders, and points out that some capabilities of experiments at e<^>+e<^>- linear colliders may have been over-stated in the literature.

1 tables, 45 ref

Lattice matric elements and CP violation in B and K physics: Status and outlook
Soni A

013167   Soni A (Physics Department, High Energy Theory Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA) : Lattice matric elements and CP violation in B and K physics: Status and outlook. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 415-37.

Status of lattice calculations of hadron matrix elements along wih CP violation in B and in K systems is reviewed. Lattice has provided useful input which, in conjunction with experimental data, leads to the conclusion that CP-odd phase in the CKM matrix plays the dominant role in the observed asymmetry in B → ΨK. It is now quite likely that any beyond the SM, Cp-odd, phase will cause only small deviations in B-physics. Search for the effects of the new phase(s) will consequently require very large data samples as well as very precise theoretical predictions. Clean determination of all the angles of the unitarity triangle therefore becomes essential. In this regard B → KD° processes play a unique role. Regarding K-decays, remarkable progress made by theory with regard to maintenance of chiral symmetry on the lattice is briefly discussed. First application already provides quantitative information on Bk and the ΔI = 1/2 rule. In the lattice calculation, the enhancement in Re Ao appears to be very small. However, improved calculations are necessary for as the contributions of QCD penguins and electroweak penguins largely seem to cancel. There are good reasons, though, to believe that these cancellations will not survive improvements that are now underway. Importance of determining the unitarity triangle purely from K-decays is also emphasized.

3 tables, 104 ref

Numerical solution of hydromagnetic unsteady free convection flow past an infinite porous plate
Singh A

013166   Singh A (Department of Mathematics, VSSD College, Kanpur 208 002) : Numerical solution of hydromagnetic unsteady free convection flow past an infinite porous plate. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 167-70.

Unsteady free convection flow of an incompressible, electrically conducting, viscous fluid past an infinite vertical porous flate-plate under the influence of uniform magnetic field, applied normal to the flow, has been studied by finite difference method. The uniform suction is considered normal to the plate. The results for the velocity distribution, the temperature distribution and the skin-friction have been investigaed and discussed for different values of the parameters encountered in the equations.

2 illus, 1 tables, 16 ref

Tachyon dynamics in string theory
Sen A

013165   Sen A (NO, Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad 211 019) : Tachyon dynamics in string theory. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 403-13.

Summarizes the recent developments in the study of time dependent solutions describing the rolling of a tachyon on a non-BPS D-brane system.

2 illus, 25 ref

Calorimetric measurements on Te-Bi-Se glasses with variation in Bi content
Saxena M;Rastogi N;Agarwal A;Bhatnagar P K

013164   Saxena M;Rastogi N;Agarwal A;Bhatnagar P K (Department of Sciences & humanities, Mordabad Institute of Technology, Ram Ganga Vihar, Phase II, Moradabad 244 001) : Calorimetric measurements on Te-Bi-Se glasses with variation in Bi content. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 171-4.

Alloys of Te-Bi-Se glass system, obtained by rapid quenching technique, have been characterized by calorimetric measurements and differential thermal analysis for different heating rates. Variation in two important parameters, namely, glass transition temperature Tg and glass forming ability Kgl have been studied with variation in Bi content at various heating rates. By analyzing the results, it has been seen that, with the increase in Bi content, the glass forming ability Kgl decreases. However, with the increse in heating rates, the glass transition temperature Tg is found to increase. This analysis helps in finding the suitability of an alloy to be used in phase transition optical memories/switches. The results have been analyzed using Kissinger's equation for non-isothermal crystallization of materials.

4 illus,15 ref

Particle dark matter - a theorist's perspective
Roszkowski L

013163   Roszkowski L (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Hicks Building, Sheffield S3 7RH, England) : Particle dark matter - a theorist's perspective. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 389-401.

Dark matter (DM) is presumably made of some new, exotic particles that appear in extensions of the standard model. After giving a brief overview of some popular candidates. Discusses in more detail the most appealing case of the super symmetric neutralino.

4 illus, 24 ref

Transplanckian collisions in TeV scale gravity
Rattazzi R

013162   Rattazzi R (Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland) : Transplanckian collisions in TeV scale gravity. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 375-87.

Collisions at transplanckian energies offer model independent tests of TeV scale gravity. One spectacular signal is given by black-hole production, though a full calculation of the corresponding cross-section is not yet available. Another signal is given by gravitational elastic scattering, which may be less spectacular but which can be nicely computed in the forward region using the eikonal approximation. Discusses the distinctive signatures of eikonalized scattering at future accelerators.

2 illus, 43 ref

Ohenomenology of the minimal SO(10) SUSY model
Raby S

013161   Raby S (HEP Group, Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, 174W. 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, USA) : Ohenomenology of the minimal SO(10) SUSY model. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 523-36.

Defines what the minimal SO(10) SUSY model. Discusses the phenomenological consequences of this theory, vis-a-vis gauge and Yukawa coupling unification, Higgs and super-particle masses, the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, the decay Bs →μ<^>+μ<^>- and dark matter.

4 illus, 21 ref

Acoustics and thermodynamics of alcoholic solution of calcium nitrate
Prasad N;Daudi A A

013160   Prasad N;Daudi A A (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Rajendra Agriculture University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar) : Acoustics and thermodynamics of alcoholic solution of calcium nitrate. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 193-7.

Apparent partial molal volumes and compressibilities of calcium nitrate in six alchols have been determined at 296.15 K from precise density and ultrasound velocity measurements. They have been related with each other, as well as with free energy of the solutions.

3 illus, 2 tables, 15ref

Lβ2 satellites in X-ray emission spectra of elements 75Re, 77Ir and 79Au
Poonia S

013159   Poonia S (Division of Natural Resources and Management, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342 003) : Lβ2 satellites in X-ray emission spectra of elements 75Re, 77Ir and 79Au. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 236-41.

The satellite spectra arising due to L3Mx-MxN4.5 (x≡ 1-5) transition array in X-ray emission spectra of 75Re, 77Ir and 79Au, have been calculated, using avaiblable Hartree-fock-slater (HFS) data on K-LM and L-MN Auger transition energies. The agreement between the calculated and measured energies, between calculated and measured separations in energies and the consideration of the relative probailities of all the L3Mx-MxN4.5 transitions have been used as the bais for deciding the origin of the satelities. It has been estanblished that, two satelities observed in thbe Lβ2 region of the X-ray spectra of the elements with Z=75 to 79, named β2<^>I and β2<^>II in order of increasing energy are mainly emitted by L3Mx-MxN4.5 (x≡ 1-5) array having appreciable intensities have also been discussed.

3 illus, 1 tables, 17 ref

Electroweak breaking and supersymmetry breaking
Pokorski S

013158   Pokorski S (NO, Institute of Theoretical Physics, Warsaw University, Hoza 69, 00-681 Warsaw, Poland) : Electroweak breaking and supersymmetry breaking. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 369-74.

Discusses the clash between the absence of fine tuning in the Higgs potential and a sufficent superssion of flavour changing neutral current transitions in supersymmetric extensions of the standard model. It is pointed out that horizontal U(1) symmetry combined with the D-term supersymmetry breaking provides a realistic framework for solving both problems.

25 ref

Links between neutrino oscillations, leptogenesis, and proton decay within supersymmetric grand unification
Pati J C

013157   Pati J C (Department of Physics, Univesity of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA) : Links between neutrino oscillations, leptogenesis, and proton decay within supersymmetric grand unification. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 513-22.

Evidence in favor of supersymmetric grand unification including that based on the observed family multiplet-structure, gauge coupling unification, neutrino oscillations, baryogenesis, and certain intriguing features of quark-lepton masses andmixings is noted. It is argued that attempts to understand (a) the tiny neutrino masses (especially Δm<^>2(v2-v3), (b) the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (which seems to need leptogenesis), and (c) the observed features of fermion masses such as the ratio mv/mt, the smallness of Vcb and the maximality of seem to select out the route to higher unification based on an effective string-unified G(224) = SU(s)L x SU(2)R x SY(4)<^>c or SO(10)-symmetry that should be operative in 4D, as opposed to other alternatives. A predictive SO(10)/G(224)-framework possessing supersymmetry is presented that successfully describes the masses and mixings of all fermions including neutrinos. It also accounts for the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe by utilizing the process of leptogenesis, which is natural to this framework. It is argued that conservative upper limit on the proton lifetime within this SO(10)/G(224)-famework, which is so far most successful, is given by x 10<^>34 years. This in turn strongly suggests that an improvement in the current sensitivity by a factor of five to ten (compared to SuperK) ought to reveal proton decay. Implications of this prediction for the next-generation nucleon decay and neutrino-detector are noted.

32 ref

Leptogenesis
Paschos E A

013156   Paschos E A (NO, Institute of Physics, University of Dortmund, 44221 Dortmund, Germany) : Leptogenesis. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 359-67.

Presents the theoretical basis for leptogenesis and its implications for the structure of the universe. It is suggested that density fluctuations grow during the transition period and remnants of this effect should be sought in the universe. The relation between theories with Majorana neutrinos and low energy phenomena, including oscillations, advanced considerably during the past two years with a consistent picture developed in several models.

3 illus, 29 ref

Field-emission in diamond-like carbon films grown by various techniques
Panwar O S;Sushil Kumar;Rajput S S;Sharma R; Bhatacharyya R

013155   Panwar O S;Sushil Kumar;Rajput S S;Sharma R; Bhatacharyya R (Thin film Technology Group, National Physical Laboratory, Dr KS Krishan Road, New Delhi 110 012) : Field-emission in diamond-like carbon films grown by various techniques. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 175-82.

The field-emission measurements fom -0.5μm thick hydrogenated amorphous carbon (diamond-like carbon) films grown by a variety of easily implementable plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) based techniques and also by a method that uses a saddle-field fast atom beam source, have been reported. Field-emission behaviour in these materials has been discussed in the light of residual stress, hardness, optical bandgap, and characteristic energy of band tails (Urbach energy). Onset emission fields as low as -6V/μm, together with low residual stress of 0.25 GPa, hardness of 17.5 GPa, optical bandgap of 1.5eV and urbach energy of 165 meV, have been obtained in diamond-like carbon films grown by pulsed-PECVD at 13.56 MHz. DLC films of comparable quality could also be grown using a saddle-field fast atom beam source, which operates on modest dc power supply and with no heated filaments or magnets.

3 illus, 1 tables, 39 ref

Experimental and phenomenological status of neutrino anomalies
Pakvasa S

013154   Pakvasa S (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA) : Experimental and phenomenological status of neutrino anomalies. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 347-58.

The current status of neutrino anomalies is summarized; the kamLAND experiment is described and the recent results of KamLAND presented.

1 illus, 44 ref

SUSY dark matter - a collider physicist
Nojiri M M

013153   Nojiri M M (YITP, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan) : SUSY dark matter - a collider physicist. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 335-46.

A short review of the supersymmetric dark matter and its connection to the collider physics has been reported.

3 illus, 34 ref

Understanding neutrino masses and mixings
Mohapatra R N

013152   Mohapatra R N (Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA) : Understanding neutrino masses and mixings. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 319-33.

Discusses ways to understand large neutrino mixings using new symmetries of quarks and leptons beyond the standard model for the three allowed patterns of neutrino masses: normal, inverted hierachy and degenerate masses.

3 illus, 24 ref

X-ray, K-absorption near edge structural study of some copper (II) complexes-with amino acids as ligands
Mishra A

013151   Mishra A (School of Physics, Devi Ahilya University, Indore 452 001) : X-ray, K-absorption near edge structural study of some copper (II) complexes-with amino acids as ligands. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 232-5.

X-ray, K-absorption spectra of five copper (II) complexes have been recorded using a 0.04m radium Cauchois type, curved crystal spectrograph. parameters like, chemical shift, edge width, effective nuclear charge, percentage covalency, shift in principal absorption maxima etc. have been calculated and used to interpret the structural details of the complexes. Wiener indices have also been calculated for the complexes.

1 illus, 1 tables, 1 ref

Inflation, large scale structure and particle physics
King S F

013150   King S F (Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK) : Inflation, large scale structure and particle physics. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 307-18.

Reviews experimental and theoretical developments in inflations and its application to structure formation, including the curvation idea. Then discusses a particle physics model of supersymmetric hybrid inflation at the intermediate scale in which the Higgs scalar field is responsible for large scale structure, shows how such a theory is completely natural in the framework extra dimensions with an intermediate string scale.

8 illus, 21 ref

Anomalous resistive transition and frequency dependent dielectric constant of Zn1-xMxO[M=Li(Mg,Ba)] system
Khan m K;Mozibur Rahman M;Javed Mia S; Shahajahan M

013149   Khan m K;Mozibur Rahman M;Javed Mia S; Shahajahan M (Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh) : Anomalous resistive transition and frequency dependent dielectric constant of Zn1-xMxO[M=Li(Mg,Ba)] system. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 211-16.

The II-VI materials of Zn1-xMxO have been synthesized by solid-state reaction method and their structural, electrical and dielectric properties studied. The lattice parameters of these materials are found to be consistent with the reported values. The dielectric constant measured at different five frequencies agrees well with the published values and found to be maximum for doping concentration x = 0.2, at all frequencies. A dc resistive anomaly was found for all samples at a certain temperature called transition temperature (Td-s) from dielectric to semiconducting state, which depends on the concentration and nature of the depant atoms in ZnO.

4 illus, 1 tables, 7ref

Influence of inhibition of citric acid and lemon juice to the growth of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate urinary crystals
Joshi V S;Joshi M J

013148   Joshi V S;Joshi M J (Solid State Physics and Materials Science laboratory, Department of Ph, Saurashtra Univeristy, Rajkot 360 005) : Influence of inhibition of citric acid and lemon juice to the growth of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate urinary crystals. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 183-92.

Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CHPD) crystal is a well-known urinary crystal. Calcium phosphate is present in urinary calculi (stones) as either apatite or brushite. Crystals of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate were grown by single diffusion gel growth technique in silica gels. the supernatant solution containing combinations of consitutents, like only calcium chloride, calcium chloride + citric acid; calcuim chloride + lemon juice; calcium chloride + lemon juice + artificial reference urine (ARU) and calcuim chloride + lemon juice + natural urine, were used to study the growth and inhibitionof CHPD crystals. The growth velocity measurements indicated maximum inbihition in case of calcium chloride + lemon juice + natural urine containing solution. SEM(scanning electron microscope) and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy were used to study the crystals. The results are discussed in terms of citrate inhibition and inhibition due to natural urine.

12 illus, 2 tables, 33 ref

Vibrational spectra and analysis on the molecule of potassium pentaborate crystal (KB5)
Joseph V;Santhanam V;Gunasekaran S;Sagayaraj P;Ponnusamy S

013147   Joseph V;Santhanam V;Gunasekaran S;Sagayaraj P;Ponnusamy S (Department of Physics, Loyola College, Chennai 600 034) : Vibrational spectra and analysis on the molecule of potassium pentaborate crystal (KB5). Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 161-6.

Potassium pentaborate (KB5) crystals have been grown by solution growth technique. A structural investigation on the KB5 crystal is made, using FTIR and laser Raman spectra. The molecular structure of KB5 belongs to C2vsymmetry considering the hydroxyl group as point mass. The total number of normal modes of vibrationis 39 and are distributed as Γvib = 14A1 + 5A2 = 10B1 + 10B2. A normal coordinate analysis has been carried out with an orthonormal set of symmetry coordinates following wilson F-g matrix method. The potential constants evaluated for this molecule are found to be in good agreement with literature, thereby, confirming the vibrational assignments. To check whether the chosen set of vibrational frequencies contributes maximum to the potential energy associated with the normal coordinates of the molecule, the potential energy distribution has been evaluated. Further, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirms the decomposition of KB5 taking place in two stages. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve of KB5 crystals has been recorded in the temperature range 50-580°C. The phase transition temperature and enthapies of KB5 were measured and the results are discussed.

5 illus, 1 tables, 17 ref

Crystallization kinetics of Fe78B13Si9 mettalic glass before and after high-energy heavy ion irradiation
Jain R;Saxena N S;Bhandari D

013146   Jain R;Saxena N S;Bhandari D (Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur 302 004) : Crystallization kinetics of Fe78B13Si9 mettalic glass before and after high-energy heavy ion irradiation. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 198-205.

Crystallization kinetics of virgin and irradiated (at three different fluences with high energy heavy ion; Ni<^><11+ of (150 MeV) specimens of Fe78B13Si9 glass has been studied using differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal condition. Only one set of geometry has been used for irradiation at different fluences. It has been found that, the crystallization process is completed in two phases. The DSC data have been analyzed in terms of kinetic parameters, viz. activation energy(Ec, Avrami exponent (n), dimensionality of growth (m) and frequency factor (Ko using two different theoretical models. The lower activation energy in case of second crystallization occuring at higher value of Avrami exponent indicates very high nucleation rate during second crystallization.

6 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref

Modeling, characterization and optimizaton of tri-step doped InAIAs/InGaAs heterostructure, InP based HEMT for microwave frequency applications
Gupta R;Gupta M;Gupta R S

013145   Gupta R;Gupta M;Gupta R S (Semiconductor Device Research Laboratory, Department of Electronic Sci, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110 021) : Modeling, characterization and optimizaton of tri-step doped InAIAs/InGaAs heterostructure, InP based HEMT for microwave frequency applications. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 223-31.

A new analytical model for tri-step doped inAIAs/InGaAs heterostructure based HEMT has been proposed. Maximum sheet carrier density has been formulated considering the limitation arising from the doping-thickness product. A comparision is made between conventional pulsed doped structure and equivalent tri-step doped structures to validate the model. The conventional pulsed doped device is also optimized for higher sheet carrier concentration/effective parallel conduction voltage/transconductance/cut-off frequency by varying the Schottky layer thickness for identical cariers using equivalent tri-step doped structure.

7 illus, 13 ref

Higgs bosons in the standard model, the MSSM and beyond
Gunion J F

013144   Gunion J F (Department of Physics, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA) : Higgs bosons in the standard model, the MSSM and beyond. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 283-305.

Summarizes the basis theory and selected phenomenology for the Higgs boson(s) of the standard model, the minimal supersymmetric model and some extensions thereof, including the next-to-minimal supersymmetric model.

7 illus, 44 ref

Leptonic flavor and CP violation
Grossman Y

013143   Grossman Y (Department of Physics, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel) : Leptonic flavor and CP violation. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 269-81.

Recent neutrino oscillation data teach us that the neutrions have masses and that they mix. Discusses two ways that can be used to probe other non-standard leptonic physics. Shows that non-standard neutrino interaction can be probed in neutrino oscillation experiments and discuss neutrino-antisneutrino mixing.

1 illus, 15 ref

P and CP violation in B physics
Gronau M

013142   Gronau M (Theory Division, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland) : P and CP violation in B physics. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 255-67.

While the Kobayashi-Maskawa single phase origin of CP violation passed its first crucial precision test in B→ J/ΨK, the chirality of weak b-quark couplings has not yet been carefully tested. Discusses recent proposals for studying the chiral and CP-violating structures of these couplings in radiative and hadronic B decays.

43 ref

Solar neutrino oscillation phenomenology
Goswami S

013141   Goswami S (NO, Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad 211 019) : Solar neutrino oscillation phenomenology. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 241-53.

Summarises the status of the solar neutrino oscillation phenomenology at the end of 2002 in the light of the SNO and KamLAND results. Presents the allowed areas obtained from global solar analysis and demonstrate the preference of the solar data towards the large-mixing-angle (LMA) MSW solution. A clear confirmation in favour of the LMA solution comes from the KamLAND reactor neutrino data. The KamLAND spectral data in conjunction with the global solan data further narrows down the allowed LMA region and splits it into two/allowed zones - a low Δm<^>2 region (high-LMA). Demonstrates through a projected analysis that with an exposure of 3 kton-year (kTy) KamLAND can remove this ambiguity.

7 illus, 30 ref

New neutrino experiments
Goodman M

013140   Goodman M (NO, Argonne National Laboratory, HEP 362, Argonne IL 60439, USA) : New neutrino experiments. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 229-40.

Following incredible recent progress in understanding neutrino oscillations, many new ambitious experiments are being planned to study neutrino properties. The most important may be to find a non-zero value of Θ13. The most promissing way to do this appears to be to measure vu→ ve oscillations with an E/L near Δm<^>2atmo. Future neutrino experiments are great.

4 illus, 20 ref

Particle physics explanations for ultra-high energy cosmic ray events
Drees M

013139   Drees M (Physik Department, Tu Munchen, James-Franck-Str., 85748 Garching, Germany) : Particle physics explanations for ultra-high energy cosmic ray events. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 207-18.

The origin of cosmic ray events with E≥10<^>11 GeV remains mysterious. Briefly summarizes several proposed particle physics explanations: a breakdown of Loreniz invariance, the Z=burst' scenario. New hadrons with masses of several GeV as primaries, and magnetic monopoles with mass below 10<^>10 GeV as primaries. Describes in a little more detail the idea that these events are due to the decays of very massive, long-lives exotic particles.

1 illus, 2 tables, 46 ref

Higgs physics at future colliders: Recent theoretical developments
Djouadi A

013138   Djouadi A (Theory Divison, CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland) : Higgs physics at future colliders: Recent theoretical developments. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 191-206.

Reviews the physics of the Higs sector in the standard model and its minimal supersymmetric extension, the MSSM. Discuses the prospects for discovering the Higgs partices at the upgraded Tevatrom, at the large hadron collider, and at a future high -energy e<^>+e<^>- linear collider with centre -of-mass energy in the 350-800 GeV range, as well as the possibilites for studying their fundamental properties. Some emphasis has been put on the theoretical developments which occured in the last two years.

6 illus, 1 table, 40 ref

GUT precurosors and fixed points in higher-dimensional theroies
Dienes<;Dudas<;Gherghetta<

013137   Dienes<;Dudas<;Gherghetta< (Department of Physics, University of Arozona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA) : GUT precurosors and fixed points in higher-dimensional theroies. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 219-28.

Within the context of traditional logarithmic grand unification at MGUT 10<^>16 GeV, shows that it is nevertheless possible to observe certain GUT stages such as X and Y gauge bosons at lower scales, perhaps even in the TeV range. Refers to such states as `GUT precursors'. Such states offer an intersting alternative possibility for new physics at the TeV scale, even when the sccale of gauge coupling unification remains high, and suggest that it may be possible to probe GUT physcis directly even within the context of high-scale gauge coupling unification. More generally results also suggest that it is possible to construct self-consistent `hybrid' models containing widely separted energy scales, and give rise to a Kaluza-Klein realization of non-trivial fixed points in higher-dimensional gauge theories.

19 ref

Higgs physics at LHC
Dasu S

013136   Dasu S (Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA) : Higgs physics at LHC. Pramana J Phys 2004, 62(2), 177.

The large hadron collider (LHC) and its detectors, ATLAS and CMS, are being built to study TeV scale physics, and to fully understand the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism. The Monte-Carto simulation results for the standard model and minimal super symmetric standard model Higgs boson searches and parameter measurements are discussed. Emphasis is placed on recent investigaions of Higgs produced in association with top quarks and in vector boson fusion channels. These results indicate that Higgs sector can be explored in many channels within a couple of years of LHC operation, i.e.,L = 30 fb<^>-1. Complete coverage including measurements of Higgs parametrs can be carried out with full LHC program.

17 illus, 10 ref

Non-linear cross-talk analysis in fiber Raman amplifiers
Chaubey V K;Jagannathan V;Rajagopalan R; Seshadrinathan R

013135   Chaubey V K;Jagannathan V;Rajagopalan R; Seshadrinathan R (Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, 333 031) : Non-linear cross-talk analysis in fiber Raman amplifiers. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 217-22.

Optical non-linearities limit the optical power and information capacity of light-wave systems. These non-linearities introduce different types of frequency and phase distortions, which lead to cross-talk. Various non-linear effects that affect Raman application have been discussed and an evaluation of the cross-talk induced due to these effects has been presented. The maximum input power that can be transmitted in a WDM system without degrading its performance has also been evaluated.

4 illus, 15 ref

Florescence properties of Nd<
Aruna V;Sooraj Hussain N;Prasad N V

013134   Aruna V;Sooraj Hussain N;Prasad N V (Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Triupati 517 502) : Florescence properties of Nd<. Indian J pure appl Phys 2003, 41(3), 206-10.

The production of neodymium glass in the chemical composition of 44.75 B2O3-44.75P2O5-10Li2SO4 has been reported. An intense up-converted violet colour emission has been observed upon excitation with a yellow light. The violet colour up-conversion process has been explained by an energy level scheme. By correlating the measured flourescence lifetime results with the absorption data, the quantium efficiency (η=44%) of the optical material has been evaluated from the application of Judd-Ofelt theory.

7 illus, 1 tables, 12 ref