020112   Roy P;Dhiman S K (Physics Dep, Himachal Pradesh Univ, Shimla-751 005, Email: royprianka04@gmail.com) : Influence of pairing in double beta decay of <. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(3), 365-76.

Two-neutrino ββ decay matrix elements and half-life of ⁴⁸Ca are calculated after including neutron-proton pairing correlations in projected Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (PHFB) formalism. The GT matrix elements in 2v<98><98> decay are reduced due to broader smearing of Fermi surfaces. Half-life results for 2v/3/3 decay of ⁴⁸Ca with np pairing are better than without pairing.

2 illus, 5 table, 39 ref

020111   Roy A;Singh S K;Menon R;Kumar D S; Venkateswaran R;Kulkarni M R;Saroj P C;Nagesh K V;Mittal K C; Chakravarthy D P (Accelerator and Pulse Power Div, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400 085, Email: aroy@barc.gov.in) : Measurement of high-power microwave pulse under intense electromagnetic noise. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(1), 123-33.

KALI-1000 pulse power system has been used to generate single pulse nanosecond duration high-power microwaves (HPM) from a virtual cathode oscillator (VIRCATOR) device. HPM power measurements were carried out using a trarismitting-receiving system in the presence of intense high frequency (a few MHz) electromagnetic noise. Initially, the diode detector output signal could not be recorded due to the high noise level persisting in the ambiance. It was found that the HPM pulse can be successfully detected using wide band antenna, RF cable and diode detector set-up in the presence of significant electromagnetic noise. Estimated microwave peak power was <126> 59.8 dBm (<126> 1 kW) at 7 m distance from the VIRCATOR window. Peak amplitude of the HPM signal varies on shot-to-shot basis. Duration of the HPM pulse (FWHM) also varies from 52 ns to 94 ns for different shots.

11 illus, 7 ref

020110   Ritesh Kumar;Chandrashekar N;Pandey K K (NO, Wood Science and Technology Institute, 18th Cross, Malleswaram, Bangalore-560 003, Email: ritesh@icfrc.org) : Fuel properties and combustion characteristics of Lantana camara and Eupatorium spp.. Curr Sci 2009, 97(6), 930-5.

Reports fuel properties (basic density, high heating value, proximate and elemental parameters) and ash elemental composition of two important forest weed species, i.e. Lantana camara and Eupatorium spp. The physical, chemical and elemental properties of L. camara and Eupatorium spp. were compared with those of a mature tree (20 years of age) of Eucalyptus hybrid. The combustion characteristics under oxidizing atmosphere were also studied using thermogravimetric analysis. The burning profiles of the samples were derived by applying the derivative thermogravimetric technique. The two weed species were found to be different in their physical, chemical and elemental properties. The fuel properties and combustion characteristics, which largely depend upon the biochemical composition of biomass, were also different in these two weed species. The results suggested that both L. camara and Eupatorium spp. can be used as feedstock in thermochemical conversion processes. The emphasis was given to these species because of the huge biomass they produce. These species are widely present in different agroclimatic zones of India and can play a major role in future bio-energy schemes.

3 illus, 3 tables, 21 ref

020109   Rawat D;Gaur N K;Singh S;Gour A (Physics Dep, Barkatullah Univ, Bhopal-462 016, Email: deepak_rawat.com@rediffmail.com) : Theoretical analysis of static property of mixed ionic crystal: NH₄cl_1-xBr_x. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(6), 1095-1103.

Investigated the static properties of the mixed ionic crystal NH₄Cl_1-xBr_x using three-body potential model (TBPM) by the application of Vegard's law. The results for the mixed crystal counterparts are also in fair agreement with the pseudo-experimental data generated from the application of Vegard's law. The results for the end point members (x = 0 and 1) are in good agreement with the experimental data. The results on compressibility, molecular force constant, infrared absorption frequencies and Debye temperature are presented probably for the first time for these mixed crystal counterparts.

4 illus, 4 table, 26 ref

020108   Ravindra Kumar G (Tata fundamentel Reaearch Institute, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai-400 005, Email: grk@tfr.res.in) : Intense, ultrashort light and dense, hot matter. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(1), 113-55.

Presents an overview of the physics and applications of the interaction of high intensity laser light with matter. It traces the crucial advances that have occurred over the past few decades in laser technology and nonlinear optics and then discusses physical phenomena that occur in intense laser fields and their modeling. After a description of the basic phenomena like multiphoton and tunneling ionization, the physics of plasma formed in dense matter is presented. Specific phenomena are chosen for illustration of the scientific and technological possibilities - simulation of astrophysical phenomena, relativistic nonlinear optics, laser wakefield acceleration, laser fusion, ultrafast real time X-ray diffraction, application of the particle beams produced from the plasma for medical therapies etc. A survey of the Indian activities in this research area appears at the end.

33 illus, 98 ref

020107   Rath S K;Naik P C (Physics Dep, Talcher College, Talcher-759 107, Email: sarojkrrath@yahoo.co.in) : Acoustics of conch shell. Curr Sci 2009, 97(4), 521-8.

The mechanism of generation of musical sound in conch shell excited by lip vibration is presented with reference to up-to-date literature on operation of wind instruments. The process of 'mode-locking' is indicated in the context of our observed spectrum. The spectrum of conch sound is explained with reference to the geometry of conch shell and its equivalence as a conical horn, where the nature of spectra fairly agrees ®ith the theory.

18 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

020106   Rao S V L S;Singh P (Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085, Email: giri_786@rediffmail.com) : Design studies of a high-current radiofrequency quadrupole for accelerator-driven systems programme. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(2), 247-59.

A 3 MeV. 30 mA radiofrequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator has been designed for the low-energy high-intensity proton accelerator (LEHIPA) project at BARC, India. The beam and cavity dynamics studies were performed using the computer codes LIDOS, TOUTATIS, SUPERFISH and GST microwave studio. We have followed the conventional design technique with slight modifications and compared that with the equipar-titioned (EP) type of design. The sensitivity of the RFQ to the variation of input beam Twiss-Courant parameters and emittance has also been studied. In this article we discuss both design strategies and the details of the 3D cavity simulation studies.

11 illus, 3 tables, 33 ref

020105   Rao A;Krishnan S;Sajeev Ganesh;Siddappa K (Physics Dep, Mangalore Institute of Technology and Engineering, Moodbidri-574 227, Email: asha_rao_i@yahoo.com) : Temperature and 8 MeV electron irradiation effects on GaAs solar cells. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(6), 995-1008.

GaAs solar cells hold the record for the highest single band-gap cell efficiency. Successful application of these cells in advanced space-borne systems demand characterization of cell properties like dark current under different ambient conditions and the stability of the cells against particle irradiation in space. In this paper, the results of the studies carried out on the effect of 8 MeV electron irradiation on the electrical properties of GaAs solar cells are presented. The I-V (current-voltage) characteristics of the cells under dark and AM1.5 illumination condition are studied and 8 MeV electron irradiation was carried out on the cells where they were exposed to graded doses of electrons from 1 to 100 kGy. The devices were also characterized using capacitance measurements at various frequencies before and after irradiation. The effect of electron irradiation on the solar cell parameters was studied. It is found that only small changes were observed in the GaAs solar cell parameters up to an electron dose of 100 kGy, exhibiting good tolerance for electrons of 8 MeV energy.

12 illus, 25 ref

020104   Rahimi H;Namdar A;Entezar S R;Tajalli H (Physics Faculty, Tabriz Univ, Tabriz 51665-163, Iran, Email: h_rahimi@tabrizu.ac.ir) : Transmission gaps in one-dimensional fibonacci quasiperiodic structure containing epsilon-negative materials. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(5), 805-11.

Investigates the transmission properties of one-dimensional Fibonacci qua-siperiodic structure consisting of dispersive and lossless epsilon-negative (ENG) materials. It is found that for both TE and TM polarizations with normal and oblique incidences, there exist transmission gaps which are invariant with a change of scale and sensitive to incident angles. Analytical methods based on transfer matrices and effective medium theory have been used to explain the properties of transmission gaps.

4 illus, 20 ref

020103   Princy K G;Joseph R;John H;Mathew K T (Chemistry Dep, Carmel College, Mala-680 732, Email: princykgjohn@gmail.com) : Complex permittivity and conductivity of poly(p-phenylenediazo-methine) and its blends at microwave frequencies. Bull Mater Sci 2010, 33(3), 265-72.

Poly(p-phenylenediazomethine) was synthesized by the condensation reaction between glyoxal and p-phenylene diamine in different solvents like methanol, toluene, w-cresol and AyV-dimethylformamide. The dielectric properties and microwave conductivity of the pelletized samples were measured using cavity perturbation technique. The measurements were done at 2-17 GHz at room temperature (25°C). The effect of dopants on the dielectric properties and conductivity was studied using HC1 and HC1O₄. Dielectric properties like dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor and microwave conductivity increased on doping with HC1 and HC1O₄. Conducting polymer composites were prepared by in situ polymerization of glyoxal and p-phenylenediamine in different solvents containing different amounts of PVC, and silica. The microwave conductivity and complex permittivity of each sample was measured. The effect of dopants like HC1O₄ and HC1 on these dielectric properties was also studied. The d.c. conductivity of the pressed samples measured by the two-probe method was also studied.

13 illus, 22 ref

020102   Praod Kumar;Manihdra Kumar (Physics Dep, L.N. Mithila Univ, Darbhanga-846 004, Email: Kumarpramod2009@yahoo.in) : Pinned flux line lattice in a type II super conductor. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect D 2010, 29(2), 189-93.

Pinning centers arise due to inhomogeneties in a superconductor. Large and randomly arranged pinning centers cause a strong deformation of a flux line lattice, so that each pinning centre acts on the lattice with a maximum force. The temperature and field force dependences are determined by the type of inhomogeneties and their sizes.

8 ref

020101   Prakash H;Singh D K (Physics Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-211 002, Email: d_ksingh@rediffmail.com) : Intensity-dependent change in polarization state of light in normal incidence on an isotropic nonlinear kerr medium. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(3), 441-6.

It is shown that all optical polarization states of light except plane and circular polarization states undergo an intensity-dependent change in normal incidence of light in an isotropic nonlinear Kerr medium. This effect should be detectable and we propose an experiment for detecting nonlinear susceptibility involved in that part of nonlinear polarization, which depends on the polarization state of light also.

1 illus, 17 ref

020100   Pradeep Kumar;Sathyamurthy N (Chemistry Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, Email: nsath@iitk.ac.in) : Potential energy curves for neutral and multiply charged carbon monoxide. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(1), 49-55.

Potential energy curves of various electronic states of COⁿ (0 ≤ n ≤ 6) are generated at MRCI/CASSCF level using cc-pvQZ basis set and the results are compared ivailable experimental and theoretical data.

2 illus, 1 table, 25 ref

020099   Pradeep Kumar;Saha S;Serrao C R;Sood A K;Rao C N R (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: pkkahtri@physics.iisc.ernet.in) : Temperature-dependent infrared reflectivity studies of multiferroic TbMnO₃: evidence for spin-phonon coupling. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(2), 281-91.

Measured near normal incidence far-infrared (FIR) reflectivity spectra of a single crystal of TbMnO₃ from 10 K to 300 K in the spectral range of 50 cm^-1-700 cm^-1. Fifteen transverse optic (TO) and longitudinal optic (LO) modes are identified in the imaginary part of the dielectric function ∈₂(ω) and energy loss function Im(-1/ε(ω)), respectively. Some of the observed phonon modes show anomalous softening below the magnetic transition temperature TN (<126>46 K). We attribute this anomalous softening to the spin-phonon coupling caused by phonon modulation of the superexchange integral between the Mn³⁺ spins. The effective charge of oxygen (Zo) calculated using the measured LO-TO splitting increases below T_N.

6 illus, 1 table, 30 ref

020098   Phukan A;Mishra M K;Saikia B K;Chakraborty M (NO, Physics Plasma Centre, Tepesia, Kamrup-782 402, Email: aphukan_cpp@rediffmail.com) : Variation of plasma parameters in a modified mode of plasma production in a double plasma device. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(3), 399-409.

A modified mode of plasma production in a double plasma device is presented and plasma parameters are controlled in this configuration. Here plasma is produced by applying a discharge voltage between the hot filaments in the source (cathode) and the target magnetic cage (anode) of the device. In this configuration, the hot electron emitting filaments are present only in the source and the magnetic cage of this is kept at a negative bias such that due to the repulsion of the cage bias, the primary electrons can go to the grounded target and produce plasma there. The plasma parameters can be controlled by varying the voltages applied to the source magnetic cage and the separation grid of the device.

8 illus, 24 ref

020097   Petwal V C;Rao J N;Dwivedi J;Senecha V K; Subbaiah K V (NO, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore-452 013, Email: vikash@rrcat.gov.in) : Dosimetric measurements and monte carlo simulation for achieving uniform surface dose in pulsed electron beam irradiation facility. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(3), 457-68.

A prototype pulsed electron beam irradiation facility for radiation processing of food and medical products is being commissioned at our centre in Indore, India. Analysis of surface dose and uniformity for a pulsed beam facility is of crucial importance because it is influenced by various operating parameters such as beam current, pulse repetition rate (PRR), scanning current profile and frequency, scanning width and product conveying speed. A large number of experiments are required to determine the harmonized setting of these operating parameters for achieving uniform dose. Since there is no readily available tool to set these parameters, use of Monte Carlo methods and computational tools can prove to be the most viable and time saving technique to support the assessment of the dose distribution. In the present study, Monte Carlo code, MCNP, is used to simulate the transport of 10 MeV electron beam through various mediums coming into the beam path and generate an equivalent dose profile in a polystyrene phantom for stationary state. These results have been verified with experimentally measured dose profile, showing that results are in good agreement within 4%. The Monte Carlo simulation further has been used to optimize the overlapping between the successive pulses of a scan to achieve ±5% dose uniformity along the scanning direction. A mathematical model, which uses the stationary state data, is developed to include the effect of conveyor speed. The algorithm of the model is discussed and the results are compared with the experimentally measured values, which show that the agreement is better than 15%. Finally, harmonized setting for operating parameters of the accelerator are derived to deliver uniform surface dose in the range of 1-13 kGy/pass.

7 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

020096   Paul S;Krishna Kumar;Verma M K;Carati D;De A K;Eswaran V (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur-208 016, Email: supryo@iitk.ac.in) : Chaotic travelling rolls in Rayleigh-Benard convection. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(1), 75-78.

In this paper investigate two-dimensional (2D) Rayleigh-Benard convection using direct numerical simulation in Boussinesq fluids with Prandtl number P = 6.8 confined between thermally conducting plates. We show through the simulation that in a small range of reduced Rayleigh number (770<60>129> <60> 890) the 2D rolls move chaotically in a direction normal to the roll axis. The lateral shift of the rolls may lead to a global flow reversal of the convective motion. The chaotic travelling rolls are observed in simulations with free-slip as well as no-slip boundary conditions on the velocity field. We show that the travelling rolls and the flow reversal are due to an interplay between the real and imaginary parts of the critical modes.

5 illus, 29 ref

020095   Pati A K (Physics Institute, Sachivalaya Marg, Bhubaneswar-751 005, Email: akpati@iopb.res.in) : Entanglement in non-Hermitian quantum theory. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(3), 485-98.

Entanglement is one of the key features of quantum world that has no classical counterpart. This arises due to the linear superposition principle and the tensor product structure of the Hilbert space when we deal with multiparticle systems. In this paper, we will introduce the notion of entanglement for quantum systems that are governed by non-Hermitian yet PT-symmetric Hamiltonians. We will show that maximally entangled states in usual quantum theory behave like non-maximally entangled states in 'PT-symmetric quantum theory. Furthermore, we will show how to create entanglement between two PT-qubits using non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and discuss the entangling capability of such interaction Hamiltonians that are non-Hermitian in nature.

25 ref

020094   Patel K R;Vaidya R D;Dave M S;Patel S G (NO, Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study & Research in Biotech, New Vallabh Vidyanagar-388 121, Email: kparibas@yahoo.co.in) : Growth and high pressure studies of zirconium sulphoselenide single crystals. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(5), 945-53.

Transition metal trichalcogenides are well suited for extreme pressure lubrication. These materials being semiconducting and of layered structure may undergo structural and electronic transition under pressure. In this paper authors reported the details about synthesis and characterization of zirconium sulphoselenide single crystals. The chemical vapour transport technique was used for the growth of zirconium sulphoselenide single crystals. The energy dispersive analysis by X-ray (EDAX) gave the confirmation about the stoichiometry of the as-grown crystals and other structural characterizations were accomplished by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. The variation of electrical resistance was monitored in a Bridgman opposed anvil set-up up to 8 GPa pressure to identify the occurrence of any structural transition. These crystals do not possess any structural transitions upto the pressure limit examined.

5 illus, 4 tables, 9 ref

020093   Panigrahi P K;Karumanchi S;Muralidharn S (Indian Insitute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur-741 252, Email: prasanta@prl.res.in) : Minimal classical communication and measurement complexity for quantum information splitting of a two-qubit state. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(3), 499-504.

Investigate the usefulness of the highly entangled five-partite cluster and Brown states for the quantum information splitting (QIS) of a special kind of two-qubit state using remote state preparation. In our schemes, the information that is to be shared is known to the sender. We show that, QIS can be accomplished with just two classical bits. as opposed to four classical bits, when the information that is to be shared is unknown to the sender. The present algorithm, demonstrated through the cluster and Brown states is deterministic as compared to the previous works in which it was probabilistic.

3 tables, 23 ref

020092   Pandit R;Perlekar P;Ray S S (Center for Condensed Matter Theory. Physics Dep, Indian Science Institute, Bangalore-560 012, Email: rahul@physics.iisc.ernet.in) : Statistical property of turbulence: an overview. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(1), 157-91.

Presents an introductory overview of several challenging problems in the statistical characterization of turbulence. provides examples from fluid turbulence in three and two dimensions, from the turbulent advection of passive scalars, turbulence in the one-dimensional Burgers equation, and fluid turbulence in the presence of polymer additives.

13 illus, 138 ref

020091   Pan A K (Physics Dep, Bose Institute, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700 091, Email: apan@bosemain.boseinst.ac.in) : Understanding the spreading of a Gaussian wave packet using the Bohmian machinery. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(6), 867-74.

A freely propagating Gaussian wave packet naturally spreads with time. Exploiting the machinery of the Bohmian model of quantum mechanics, the way the wave packet spreads is re-examined.

1 illus, 10 ref

020090   Paliwal B S;Shrivastava K L;Tripathi A;Yadav S K;Sisodia H S (Geology Dep, Science Faculty, Jai Narain Vyas Univ, Jodhpur-342 005, Email: paliwalbhawani@yahoo.co.in) : X-ray diffraction reveals the presence of mineral coesite and stishovite in the samples of Magnetic particle collected from the recent alluvium of Rajasthan. Curr Sci 2009, 97(4), 481-3.

7 illus, 10 ref

020089   Pakzad H R;Javidan K (Physics Dep, Islamic Azad Univ, Bojnourd Branch, Iran, Email: pakzad@biojnourdiau.ac.ir) : Dust acoustic solitary and shock waves in strongly coupled dusty plasmas with nonthermal ions. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(5), 913-26.

The Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers (KdV-Burgers) equation and modified Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation are derived in strongly coupled dusty plasmas containing nonthermal ions and Boltzmann distributed electrons. It is found that solitary waves and shock waves can be produced in this medium. The effects of important parameters such as ion nonthermal parameter, temperature, density and velocity on the properties of shock waves and solitary waves are discussed.

7 illus, 30 ref

020088   Olusola O I;Vincent U E;Njah A N (Physics Dep, Univ of Agriculture, P.M.B. 2240, Abeokuta, Nigeria, Email: sola_olusola2000@yahoo.com) : Global chaos synchronization of coupled parametrically excited pendula. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(6), 1011-22.

Studies the synchronization behaviour of two linearly coupled parametrically excited chaotic pendula. The stability of the synchronized state is examined using Lyapunov stability theory and linear matrix inequality (LMI); and some sufficient criteria for global asymptotic synchronization are derived from which an estimated critical coupling is determined. Numerical solutions are presented to verify the theoretical analysis. Also examined the transition to stable synchronous state and slum that this corresponds to a boundary crisis of the chaotic attractor.

5 illus, 38 ref

020087   Nayak M K;Chaudhuri R K (Theoretical Chemistry Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400 085, Email: mknayak@barc.gov.in) : Re-appraisal of the P,T-odd interaction constant W_d in YbF: Relativistic configuration interaction approach. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(3), 581-6.

Restricted active space (RAS) configuration interaction (CI) approach is employed to compute the P, T-odd interaction constant W_d for the ground (²∑₁/₂) state of YbF molecule. The present estimate of Wd = -1.164 x 10²⁵ Hz/e-cm is expected to provide a reliable limit on the electron's electric dipole moment (EDM), d_e.

1 table, 18 ref

020086   Nalini N;Kaushik T C;Gupta S C (Applied Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085, Email: nalini@barc.gov.in) : Generation and measurement of multi megagauss fields in inertial magnets. Sadhana 2010, 35(5), 547-56.

Presents here the development of a facility to generate high (multi megagauss) magnetic field of 4 to 5 μs rise time, using inertial magnets. The facility includes a low inductance, high current capacitor bank (280kJ/40kV) and an inertial magnet, which is a copper disk machined to have a keyhole in it. As the high current from the capacitor bank is discharged through the copper disk, a high magnetic field is produced along its axis, before it is destroyed by the combined effect of the dynamic loading and skin effect. A maximum peak magnetic field of 257 T is realized, when the magnet with 3-6mm inner diameter, 35mm outer diameter and 5 mm length, is powered by the capacitor bank charged to 28 kV (134kJ). The transient magnetic field is measured using a B dot probe with an error of ±25 T. The probe in most of high field shots (<62> 200 T) got destroyed before recording the peak field and the trailing edge of the magnetic field. Experimental evidence of enhancement of the probe survival for longer time in copper disks using spatial non-uniform conductivity with 1 mm thick SS brazed to the inner wall of the inertial magnet is also reported.

9 illus, 9 ref

020085   Mukunda N;Chaturvedi S;Simon R (Centre for Energy Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: mmukunda@cts.iisc.ernet.in) : Hamilton's theory of turns revisited. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(1), 1-10.

Presents a new approach to Hamilton's theory of turns for the groups SO(3) and SU(2) which renders their properties, in particular their composition law, nearly trivial and immediately evident upon inspection. We show that the entire construction can be based on binary rotations rather than mirror reflections.

4 illus, 8 ref

020084   Mukhi S;Roy P (NO, Tata Fundamentel Reaearch Institute, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai-400 005, Email: mukhi@tifr.res.in) : Developments in high enegry theory. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(1), 3-60.

This non-technical review article is aimed at readers with some physics background, including beginning research students. It provides a panoramic view of the main theoretical developments in high energy physics since its inception more than half a century ago, a period in which experiments have spanned an enormous range of energies, theories have been developed leading up to the Standard Model, and proposals - including the radical paradigm of String Theory - have been made to go beyond the Standard Model. The list of references provided here is not intended to properly credit all original work but rather to supply the reader with a few pointers to the literature, specifically highlighting work done by Indian authors.

14 illus, 81 ref

020083   More A R;Saraf K B (Physics Dep, Shri J.J.T. Univ, Chudella-333 001, Email: abhimore_13@rediffmail.com) : Growth study of strontium oxalate crystals by hydro silic gel. Asian J chem envir Res 2011, 4(1), 64-7.

Strontium oxalate crystals are grown by the hydro - silica gel as media of growth at ambient temperature. Strontium chloride is allowed to diffuse into the gel in which oxalic acid is incorporated. Strontium oxalate crystals are formed by chemical reaction and the growth process is observed. The optimum conditions were established by varying various parameters such as concentration of gel, concentration of reactant, pH of gel, gel setting time, aging period and density of gel. The grown crystals are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fouriertransforms infrared (FT-iR) spectroscopy.

3 illus, 3 table, 16 ref

020082   Mondal N S;Ghosh N K (Physics Dep, Kalyani Univ, Kalyani-741 235, Email: nil6mon@gmail.com) : Role of next-nearest-neighbour hopping in the internal structure of the ground state and finite temperature quantities of 2D t-j model. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(6), 1009-15.

An exact diagonalization calculation for a small cluster in the two-dimensional t-J model has been studied to calculate two-hole correlation. Calculations reveal dominant hole-hole correlation for holes sitting on next-nearest-neighbour (NNN) sites and critical coupling occurs at J/t = 0.8. With the increase in negative-type NNN hopping, correlation decreases at NNN sites whereas it increases at other sites. The thermodynamic properties such as entropy and specific heat are studied as functions of temperature with various NNN hopping strength. Results show that with the inclusion of negative NNN hopping, the system becomes more ordered. A qualitative transition temperature region has been estimated. It is shown that with the increase in NNN hopping strength, T_c increases. Specific heat results show non-Fermi liquid-type behaviour of the system. All our calculations establish the importance of negative-type NNN hopping.

4 illus, 18 ref

020081   Mondal N S;Ghosh N K (Physics Dep, Kalyani Univ, Kalyani-741 235, Email: nil16mon@gmail.com) : Effect of next-nearest-neighbour interaction on d_x<. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(1), 115-21.

An exact diagonalization calculation of the t-J model on 2D square cluster has been studied for the ground state properties of HTSC. Effect of next-nearest-neighbour hopping and magnetic (both antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic) interaction on d _x2-y2- wave pairing has been shown. Relative strength of the next-nearest-neighbour interaction with respect to that of near-neighbour interaction for the strongest d_x2-y2--wave pairing has been estimated. A schematic phase diagram is shown. It is shown that a two-sublattice model with antiferromagnetic interaction between them and a small intra-ferromagnetic-type interaction in one sublattice favours d_x2-y2-wave superconductivity and moderate negative type NNN hopping adds flavours to this phase.

4 illus, 35 ref

020080   Mohanta R;Giri A K (Physics School, Hyderabad Univ, Hyderabad-500 046, Email: aanjan98@yahoo.com) : Flavour physics and CP violation. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(5), 675-703.

It is well known that the study of flavour physics and CP violation is very important to critically test the Standard Model and to look for possible signature of new physics beyond it. The observation of CP violation in kaon system in 1964 has ignited a lot of experimental and theoretical efforts to understand its origin and to look for CP violation effects in other systems besides the neutral kaons. The two B-factories BABAR and BELLE, along with other experiments, in the last decade or so made studies in flavour physics and CP violation a very interesting one. In this article we discuss the status and prospectives of the flavour physics associated with the strange, charm and bottom sectors of the Standard Model. The important results in kaon sector will be briefly discussed. Recently, mixing in the charm system has been observed, which was being pursued for quite some time without any success. The smallness of the mixing parameters in the charm system is due to the hierarchical structure of the CKM matrix. Interestingly, so far we have not found CP violation in the charm system but in the future, with more dedicated experiments at charm threshold, the situation could change. Many interesting observations have been made in the case of bottom mesons and some of them show some kind of deviations from that of the Standard Model expectations which are mainly associated with the b → s flavour changing neutral current transitions. It is long believed that the B_s system could be the harbinger of new physics since it is a system in which both bottom and strange quarks are the constituents. Recently, DO and CDF announced their result for the B_s mixing which is claimed to be the first possible new physics signature in the flavour sector. We plan to touch upon all important issues pointing out both theoretical and experimental developments and future prospects in this review article.

6 illus, 64 ref

020079   Mistry K A;Patel I B;Rustagi P (Physics Dep, Veer Narmad South Gujarat Univ, Surat-395 007) : Growth study of NaCl+NaBrand NaBr crystals grown by solution evaporation method at ambient temperature. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect D 2009, 28(1), 59-65.

Generally alkali halide crystals are ionic crystals which are highly soluble in water. From them sodium chloride and sodium bromide are most popular materials due to their optical properties. They have various scientific applications such as nano particles thin films NaCl is used. Powerful color centre laser is provided by it and it is the most common infrared transmission window for gas and liquid samples used with infrared and FTIR spectrophotometer. NaBr crystals are used to detect neutrino lines and in much more applications. Mainly they are easily available at affordable price and soluble in water. In the paper we have synthesized the crystals of NaCl, NaCl+NaBr and NaBr grown by solution evaporation method at ambient temperature. Authors have reported the changes in the size and transparency of NaCl, NaCl + NaBr and NaBr crystals by varying the evaporation area of the Petri dish and the height of the solution at ambient temperature and the results are reported in the paper.

2 illus, 2 table, 6 ref

020078   Mishra M;Tiwari R N;Ghanshyam C (Electronics Dep, D.D.U. Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur, Email: mmanishm@yahoo.com) : Study of resistance variation of SnO₂ gas sensor in ambient of propane-2-Ol, methanol, acetone and methyl ketone. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect D 2010, 29(2), 143-51.

An electrical configuration of data acquisition system to measure varying resistance of SnO₂ gas sensor in presence of varying concentration of gases like Propane-2-ol,Methanol, Acetone and Methyl Ketone is presented. The proposed circuit gives desired linear characteristics for varying concentration of gases. In the experimental measurement SnO₂ doped with Palladium shows highest sensitivity and Sn02 doped with gold shows least sensitivity for all volatile organic compound (VOCs).

7 illus, 4 tables, 10 ref

020077   Mishra A;Gairola R M;Verma A K;Agrawal V K (Oceanic Sciences Division, Metrology and Oceanography Group, Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad-380 015, Email: anoopmishra_1@yahoo.co.in) : Intense rainfall events over India using kalpana-IR and TRMM-Precipitation radar observations. Curr Sci 2009, 97(5), 689-95.

An attempt has been made here to analyse the infrared (IR) radiances from Kalpana/INSAT data along with the high resolution rainfall estimates from Precipitation Radar onboard Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. Contrary to the IR, microwave rain (MW) rates are based on measurements that sense precipitation in clouds and do not rely on cloud top temperature. The combination of the broad coverage and frequent refresh of the geostationary satellites with the sparse but more accurate active MW rain rates has been used for the characterization of precipitation-bearing systems over Indian land from adjoining oceans. These studies are taken up to enhance the capability of rainfall retrievals in the near future using synergy from both INSAT-3D and Megha-Tropiques, IR and MW measurements respectively. The intercomparison with TRMM-3B42 and the validations with the rain-gauges and Doppler Weather Radar shows that the present technique is able to retrieve the rainfall with reasonable good accuracy.

6 illus, 3 tables, 17 ref

020076   Misdaq M A;Mortassim A (Nuclear Physics and Techniques Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlali, B.P. 2390, University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, Email: misdaq@ucam.ac.ma) : Influrnce of the nature of soil and plant and pollution on the <. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(5), 859-79.

²³⁸U and ²³²Th concentrations as well as ²²²Rn and ²²⁰Rn α-activities per unit volume were measured in various natural honey samples collected from different regions in Morocco using CR-39 and LR-115 type II solid state nuclear track detectors (SSNTDs). These radionuclides were also measured in soils, plant flowers and nectar solutions corresponding to the honey samples studied. In addition, these radionuclides were measured in different imported honey samples. The measured ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, ²²²Rn and ²²⁰Rn concentrations ranged from (1.5 ± 0.1) mBq kg^-1 to (10.6 ±0.6) mBq kg^-1, (l.l±0.l)mBqkg^-1 to (4.2±0.2) mBq kg^-1, (1.5±0.1) Bq kg^-1 to (10.6±0.6) Bqkg^-1 and (1.1±0.1) Bq kg^-1 to (4.2±0.2) Bq kg^-1 for the honey samples studied, respectively. Annual ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ²²²Rn intakes by Moroccan adults from the consumption of honey were assessed. The influence of the nature of soil and plant on the ²³⁸U and ²³²Th contents of the studied honey samples was investigated. These measurements were completed by an investigation of the ²³⁸U and ²³²Th transfer between soils and plant flowers and that between plant flowers and honey, and also by the investigation of the influence of pollution due to different material dusts on ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ²²²Rn in the honey samples studied. Committed equivalent doses due to the annual intake of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ²²²Rn were evaluated in the organs of adult members of the Moroccan rural population from the ingestion of the honey samples. The maximum total committed effective dose due to ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ²²²Rn from the ingestion of natural honey by the Moroccan rural population was found to be equal to 0.64 μ, Sv y^-1.

4 illus, 10 tables, 26 ref

020075   Mathew V;joseph J;Jacob S;Abraham K E (NO, St. Aloysius' College, Edathua, Alappuzha-689 573, Email: varma57@gmail.com) : Crystallization and spectroscopic studies of manganese malonate. Bull Mater Sci 2010, 33(4), 433-7.

The preparation of manganese malonate crystals by gel method and its spectroscopic studies are reported. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals the crystalline nature. The FTIR and FT Raman spectra of the crystals are recorded and the vibrational assignments are given with possible explanations. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is used to measure the bandgap (E_g) of the material.

5 illus, 26 ref

020074   Manuel A;Varghese N;Sebastian S;Regimole P R; Syamalakumary B;Paulose P I (Physics Dep, Research Centre, Maharajas College, Ernakulam, Kochi-11, Email: pipaul2006@yahoo.co.in) : Optical studies of Sm: Ce doped silica gel matrix. Asian J Spectrosc 2010, 14(3-4), 101-8.

Silicate glasses doped with samarium - cerium were prepared from hydrolysis and condensation of Tetra Ethyl Ortho Silicate (TEOS) by sol-gel method. The zero gels were characterized by XRD, TGA, FTIR and UV/VIS absorption spectra. The amorphous nature of gel glasses have been confirmed by XRD spectra. The FTIR and UV/VIS absorption spectra lead to the study of the structure of the samples. The optical band gaps of the samples were calculated using Tauc plots of UV/VIS absorption spectra. The influence of Sm:Ce substitution on structural, luminescent properties and optical band gap values of silicate glasses were investigated. The sol-gel derived silica glasses are clearly purer and have superior optical properties and hence they are widely used in both electronics and in optical communications.

9 illus, 3 tables, 26 ref

020073   Mansour M B A (Mathematics Dep, Faculty of Science at Qena, South Valley Univ, Qena, Egypt, Email: mah_mansour@hotmail.com) : Travelling wave solutions for a singularly perturbed burgers-KdV equation. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(5), 799-806.

This paper concerns with the existence problem of travelling wave solutions to a singularly perturbed Burgers-KdV equation. For this, we use the dynamical systems approach, specifically, the geometric singular perturbation theory and centre manifold theory. We also numerically show approximations, in particular, for kink-type waves.

3 illus, 8 ref

020072   Mandal D;Henkel K;Muller K;Schmeiber D (Physics Dep, Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata-700 032, Email: dipankar@phy.jdvu.ac.in) : Bandgap determination of p(VDF-TrFe) copolymer film by electron energy loss spectroscopy. Bull Mater Sci 2010, 33(4), 457-61.

The ferroelectric β of poly(vinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene), P(VDF-TrFE) is confirmed for 100 nm thickness spin coated copolymer film. The homogeneous coverage of the copolymer film is investigated by the help of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Most importantly, the existing bandgap in the crystalline phase of the copolymer is determined directly from the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).

5 illus, 33 ref

020071   Mallick K (Institute de Physique Theorique, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, Email: kirone.mallick@cea.fr) : Some recent developments in non-equilibrium statistical physics. Pramana J Phys 2009, 73(3), 417-51.

First recall the laws of classical thermodynamics and the fundamental principles of statistical mechanics and emphasize the fact that the fluctuations of a system in macroscopic equilibrium, such as Brownian motion, can be explained by statistical mechanics and not by thermodynamics. In the vicinity of equilibrium, the susceptibility of a system to an infinitesimal external perturbation is related to the amplitude of the fluctuations at equilibrium (Einstein's relation) and exhibits a symmetry discovered by Onsager. We shall then focus on the mathematical description of systems out of equilibrium using Markovian dynamics. This will allow us to present some remarkable relations derived during the last decade and valid arbitrarily far from equilibrium: the Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation theorem and Jarzynski's non-equilibrium work identities. These recent results will be illustrated by applying them to simple systems such as the Brownian ratchet model for molecular motors and the asymmetric exclusion process which is a basic example of a driven lattice gas.

20 illus, 22 ref

020070   Malik N;Ashok B;Balakrishnan J (NO, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg, 14412 Potsdam, Germany, Email: jbsp@uohyd.ernet.in) : Complete synchronization in coupled type-I neuron. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(2), 189-205.

For a system of type-I neurons bidirectionally coupled through a nonlinear feedback mechanism, we discuss the issue of noise-induced complete synchronization (CS). For the inputs to the neurons, we point out that the rate of change of instantaneous frequency with the instantaneous phase of the stochastic inputs to each neuron matches exactly with that for the other in the event of CS of their outputs. Our observation can be exploited in practical situations to produce completely synchronized outputs in artificial devices. For excitatory-excitatory synaptic coupling, a functional dependence for the synchronization error on coupling and noise strengths is obtained. Finally, we report a noise-induced CS between nonidentical neurons coupled bidirectionally through random nonzero couplings in an all-to-all way in a large neuronal ensemble.

8 illus, 38 ref

020069   Mahto D;Chandra G;Sah R K;Singh K M (Physics Dep, Marwari College, Bhagalpur, Bihar) : Phenomenological study of electromagnetic properties of rotating media co relating with gravitomagnetism. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect D 2010, 29(1), 33-41.

Discussed electromagnetic field equations on the basis of phenomenological point of view and using three dimensional analysis under the condition that observer or material media be rotating with respect to inertial frame. We have also tried to obtain the electromagnetic field equations in isotropic, homogeneous medium, performing arbitrary accelerated motion with respect to inertial frame, when the observer is at rest and co-related the electromagnetism with gravitomagnetism by general relativity.

2 illus, 13 ref

020068   Mahto B;Archna;Sah L P;Prasad B (Physics Dep Univ, B.R.A. Bihar Univ, Muzaffarpur, Bihar) : Determination of solar constant in North Bihar region. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect D 2010, 29(1), 73-5.

World is passing through a great crisis of energy and it is the chief contributor of development. Among the renewable energy sources, solar energy the gift of the nature it is thinly spread dilate and intermediate form of energy. There are two principal form of the direct conversion of solar energy thermal and photovoltaic. The performance of a solar energy system depends on the solar energy available at that site from morning to evening and its variation from day to day time. To solve this purpose in North Bihar region we have done this project.

1 table, 3 ref

020067   Mahdavi M;Koohrokhi T (Physics Dep, Mazandaran Univ, P.O. Box 47415-416, Babolsar, Iran, Email: m.mahdavi@umz.ac.ir) : Simultaneous catalytic regime of tritium and helium-3 in D-D fusion without external breeding. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(3), 377-90.

A catalytic regime of tritium and helium-3 in deuterium-deuterium fusion, including ion-electron collisions, mechanical expansion, bremsstrahlung radiation, inverse Compton scattering losses and reacting particles energy effect has been investigated. In this paper a new fuel configuration, DT_x³He_y, is formed by adding ³He to DT fuel. According to our calculations this fuel (DT_x=0.0112³3He_0.0399) has greater energy gain than the fuel (DX_x=0.0112) used by Eliezer et al [Eliezer et al, Nucl. Fusion 40, 195 (2000)] and also it does not require external tritium and helium-3 breeding. Furthermore, neutron yields in D-D and D-T reactions are reduced due to the reduced quantity of initial amount of deuterium and tritium.

5 illus, 1 table, 31 ref

020066   Mahanandia P;Viswakarma P N;Bhotla P V; Subramanyam S V;Nanda K K (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: pitam@physics.iisc.ernet.in) : Electron field emission from sp<. Bull Mater Sci 2010, 33(3), 215-20.

The influence of concentration and size of sp² cluster on the transport properties and electron field emissions of amorphous carbon films have been investigated. The observed insulating to metallic behaviour from reduced activation energy derived from transport measurement and threshold field for electron emission of α-C films can be explained in terms of improvements in the connectivity between sp² clusters. The connectivity is resulted by the cluster concentration and size. The concentration and size of sp² content cluster is regulated by the coalescence of carbon globules into clusters, which evolves with deposition conditions.

9 illus, 38 ref

020065   Mahajan S S;Bambole M D;Gokhale S P;Gaikwad A B (Physical & Materials Chemistry Div, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411 008, Email: sp.gokhale@ncl.res.in) : Monitoring structural defects and crystallinity of carbon nanotubes in thin films. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(3), 447-55.

Reports the influence of catalyst formulation and reaction temperature on the formation of carbon nanotube (CNT) thin films by the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method. Thin films of CNTs were grown on Fe-Mo/Al₂O₃-coated silicon wafer by thermal decomposition of methane at different temperatures ranging from 800 to 1000°C. The electron microscopic investigations, SEM as well as HRTEM, of the as-grown CNT thin films revealed the growth of uniform multi-walled CNTs in abundance. The intensity ratio of D-band to G-band and FWHM of G-band through Raman measurements clearly indicated the dependency of structural defects and crystallinity of CNTs in thin films on the catalyst formulation and CVD growth temperature. The results suggest that thin films of multi-walled CNTs with negligible amount of defects in the nanotube structure and very high crystallinity can be obtained by thermal CVD process at 925°C.

6 illus, 38 ref

020064   Madhu K V;Kulkarni S R;Damle R (Physics Dep, Jnanabharati Bangalore Univ, Bangalore-560 056, Email: ramkrishnadamle@bub.ernet.in) : I-V, C-V and deep level transient spectroscopy study of 24 MeV proton-irradiated bipolar junction transistor. Pramana J Phys 2010, 74(1), 97-107.

Describes the effect of 24 MeV proton irradiation on the electrical characteristics of a pnp bipolar junction transistor 2N 2905A. I-V, C-V and DLTS measurements are carried out to characterize the transistor before and after irradiation. The properties of deep level defects observed in the bulk of the transistor are investigated by analysing the DLTS data. Two minority carrier levels, EC - 0.27 eV and E _c - 0.58 eV and one majority carrier level, E _v + 0.18 eV are observed in the base collector junction of the transistor. The irradiated transistor is subjected to isochronal annealing. The influence of isochronal annealing on I-V, C-V and DLTS characteristics are monitored. Most of the deep level defects seem to anneal out above 400°C. It appears that the deep level defects generated in the bulk of the transistor lead to transistor gain degradation. A comparison of proton- and electron-induced gain degradation is made to assess the vulnerability of pnp transistor as against npn transistors.

8 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref

020063   Madan Jee;Bhatt M K;Mishra S K;Sanjeev Kumar; Vikas Kumar;Singh A K (University Dep of Physics, B.R.A. Bihar Univ, Muzaffarpur (Bihar)) : Scattering of electrons by eqilibrium Phonons in two subband quantising magnetic field. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect D 2009, 28(1), 43-6.

Studies the scattering of electrons by equilibrium phonons in a two subband quasi two dimensional electron gas in a quantising magnetic field. This has been studied in connection with the integer quantum Hall effect. The electron-phonon coupling constant is nearly equal to magnetic field, the phonon induced longitudinal conductivity at high enough magnetic fields may be comparable with impurity induced longitudinal conductivity. A resonant enhancement of the conductivity was found due to interaction of two Landau levels.

2 illus, 10 ref