Shrivastava J L;Masih S K;Homkar U;Tiwari V
015056 Shrivastava J L;Masih S K;Homkar U;Tiwari V (NO, State Forest Research Institute, Polipather, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh) : Assessment and status of sacred groves in Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh. J trop For 2011, 27(1), 65-73.
During the study, 12 forest ranges of Hoshangabad district, Satpura reserve and Pachmarhi were covered. A total of 78 sacred groves were identified from the Hoshangabad district of Madhya Pradesh. The details of identified. sacred groves with name of tehsil and forest ranges, forest compartment number in which the sacred grove is situated, name of sacred grove, name of god and goddess worshiped, area covered by sacred grove (in sq.m.), period of existence (in number of years) and location of sacred grove from neighbouring village are discussed in the paper.
5 tables, 17 ref
Shiva Kameshwari M N;Paramasivam G
015055 Shiva Kameshwari M N;Paramasivam G (Botany Biosystematics Laboratory Dep, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, Email: mn.shivakameshwari@gmail.com) : Urginea indica and its role in psoriasis. Int J Pharm Life Sci 2012, 3(12), 2236-42.
Psoriasis an inflammatory disease of the skin, non-infections. It is an increased proliferation of the skin layers due to excessive division of the cell in the basal layers of the skin. The disease is characterized by well defined plaques with large adherent silvery scales, associated with sever itching. Dryness of skin and silvery scaling are symptoms. It is one of the most common skin disorders in humans, treatments are not available in English Medicine it is available in Ayurveda using Urginea indica (Liliaceae) and Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) has been used for treating psoriasis and systematic administration of one such CHM is effective in psoriasis. Ayurveda treatments have no side effects reported so far when compared to English Medicine. The present study is a review of earlier work and explored the currently used and the historically, used herbal remedies in the treatment of psoriasis.
^iia36 ref
Sharma P;Khandelwal S;Singh T;Vijayvergia R
015054 Sharma P;Khandelwal S;Singh T;Vijayvergia R (Plant Pathology and Biochemistry Lab, Botany Dep, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, Email: prl.shrm1@gmail.com) : Phytochemical analysis and antifungal potential of Duranta erecta against some phytopatogenic fungi. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(8), 2686-9.
Study describes the antifungal activity of Durenta erecta L. against some phytopathogenic fungi: Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus and Penicillium sp. For this purpose, methhanolic extract of leaf, stem and root were prepared and tested by "Disc Diffusion Method". The methanol extract was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. Alkaloids, saponins, and polyphenols (tannins and flavonoids) were detected as phytoconstituents of the methanol extract. As a result of antifungal activity it was found that the extract of leaf generally revealed antifungal activity against all Aspergillus spp. but activity was highest against A. fumigatus (20ñ0.67 mm). Stem extract showed less activity against all test fungi but no activity against A. flavus. Root extract did not show any antifungal activity except A. fumigatus with less activity (9±0.98).
25 ref
Seema;Mukherjee D
015053 Seema;Mukherjee D (Botany Dep, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136 119, Email: dibumukherjee@gmail.com) : Influence of pH on protease activity in Spinacia oleracea and Raphanus sativus leaves during maturation and senescence. Eco Res J Biosci 2011, 10-11(1-2), 15-22.
Present investigation revealed the involvement of various proteases such as acidic, slightly alkaline .and more alkaline at various stages of maturation and senescence in leaves of Spinacia oleracea and Raphanus sativus. In S. oleracea, considerably higher protease activity was observed at pH 7.8 upto 12 days after tagging of leaves whereafter maximum activity shifted to pH 6.5. In case of R. sativus, the highest values were always maintained at alkaline pH; i.e., 7.7 during first 4 days after tagging and 7.2 during 8-20 day stages. Acidic pH exhibited increment up to 16-day followed by a decline in S.oleracea whereas in R. sativus, the value showed a regular smaller increase up to l2-day followed by non-significant change. At pH 7.2, regular increment in enzymatic activity was noticed in S. oleracea but in R. sativus, a decline was seen at 4 day followed by regular increment including significant rise at 16 and 20-day. Extreme alkaline pH was also unique in having different pattern of distribution with leaf maturation and senescence of both plants.
2 tables, 36 ref
Ravi Kant
015052 Ravi Kant (Botany Dep, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: ravi.puchd@gmail.com) : Development of monads and associated changes in anther in Cypripedium cordigerum D. don.: a rare orchid. Vegetos 2011, 24(1), 103-10.
Development of monads and corresponding changes in anther has been studied in Cypripedium cordigerum D. Don. (subfamily Cypripedioideae), a rare orchid of temperate Himalaya. Anthers are tetrasporangiate. Each anther has two thecae oriented towards the labellum. In each theca, a septum is formed. At the pollen mother cell stage, anther wall is 6-7 layered. Pollen mother cells undergo simultaneous type of cytokinesis and result into rhomboidal, isobilateral, tetrahedral, decussate, T-shaped and linear types of microspore tetrads in different concentrations. Nucleus of a microspore remains in the centre and divides to form a generative cell and a vegetative cell. Along with endothecium, connective as well as sterile septum also develops fibrous thickenings. Pollen grains dispersed as monads or single grains. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) studies of pollen grains have shown that exine surface is tectate with one-two elongate furrows. A deviation has been observed from other orchids during the development of monads in the present taxon. On the basis of this deviated behavior, the present taxon can be easily differentiated from other members of the family, Orchidaceae.
2 illus, 1 table, 33 ref
Rajvaidhya S;Nagori B P;Singh G K;Dubey B K; Desai P;Jain S
015051 Rajvaidhya S;Nagori B P;Singh G K;Dubey B K; Desai P;Jain S (NO, T.I.T. College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, Email: srajvaidhya@gmail.com) : Review on Argemone mexicana Linn. - an Indian medicinal plant. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(8), 2494-501.
Argemone mexicana Linn has been reported to posses anti microbial, cytotoxic, anti malarial and other pharmacological activity. Alkaloids, amino acids, phenolics and fatty acids are the main constituents isolated from the plant. Reviews the pharmacological and phytochemical work done on the plant and determines a scientific base for novel study for future research to establish toxin free response of plant or its phytoconstituents.
^iia38 ref
Rajvaidhya S;Nagori B P;Singh G K;Dubey B K; Desai P;Jain S
015050 Rajvaidhya S;Nagori B P;Singh G K;Dubey B K; Desai P;Jain S (NO, T.I.T. College of Pharmacy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh) : Review on Acacia arabica - an Indian medicinal plant. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(7), 1995-2005.
Use of herbal drugs for the prevention and treatment of various health ailments has been in practice from time immemorial. Acacia arabica has been reported to be effective against a variety of disease including diabetes, skin disease and most concerning with cancer. The fresh plants parts of Acacia arabica is considered as astringent, demulcent, aphrodisiac, anthelmintic, antimicrobial, antidiarrhoeal, with good nutritional value in Indian traditional medicine system. Briefly reviews the ethanobotanical as well as medicinal uses of Acacia arabica with plant description. This is an attempt to compile and document information on different aspect of Acacia arabica and its potential use. More studies are needed before the pharmacological properties of Acacia arabica can be utilized in therapy.
^iia84 ref
Purak I;Mehta A
015049 Purak I;Mehta A (Botany Dep, Ranchi Women's College, Ranchi, Jharkhand, Email: purak.iccha@gmail.com) : In vitro morphogenic mesponse of plant parts of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn.: a plant with therapeutic potential. Vegetos 2011, 24(1), 61-4.
Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. belonging to family Sapindaceae is commonly known as Balloon Vine due to inflated membranous balloon like tri-celled ridged fruits having black seeds with prominent white heart shaped scar. It is recognized as a medicinal plant of repute in Ayurvedic and Homoeopathic mode of treatment under different names such as Jyotishmati, Kanphuti, Lataphatkari, Indravalli, Heart pea, Love- in-a -puff, Heart seed, Winter cherry etc. The plant possesses active ingredients viz. alkaloids, flavonoids, proanthocyanide, cyanolipids, glycosides, saponins, tri-terpenes, steroids ec. It is used to cure rheumatism, diarrhoea, chronic bronchitis, nervous diseases, stiffness of limbs, snake bite, pulmonary troubles, itchy skin, problems in menstrual cycle, gastric ulcer, earache, eyesore and piles. Standardization of protocol was undertaken for achieving callus mass from different parts of Cardiospermum halicacabum. Different explants responded differently to chemicals and media they had been subjected. MS Medium supplemented with low concentration of 2,4 -D had a tendency to regenerate into shoot and complete plantlet but high concentration induced callus formation as well as proliferation. Green embryogenic callus from leaf explants was observed in media containing 2,4-D. Callus tissue is good source of genetic and karyotypic variability so variants can be regenerated from these genetically variable cells. Callus culture is useful for obtaining commercially important secondary metabolities. Several biochemical assays can be performed from callus culture.
4 illus, 21 ref
Priya C L;Bhaskara Rao K V
015048 Priya C L;Bhaskara Rao K V (Molecular and Microbiology Research Lab, Environmental Biotechnology D, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632 014) : Ethanobotanical and current ethanopharmacological aspects of Argemone mexicana Linn. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(7), 2143-8.
Argemone mexicana is an indigenous herb commonly known as Prickly poppy. It belongs to the family Papaveraceae. Argemone mexicana is noted to possess medicinal benefits in traditional system of medicine. During last few decades, there has been increasing interest in the study of medicinal properties of this plant and it is reported for Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective activity. The plant was also reported for other activities like Larvicidal activity, Wound healing activity, Cancer activity, Antihelmintic activity and Neuropharmacological studies. In light of these medicinal properties, this plant can be represented as a valuable source of medicinal compound. The study depicts the overall information about the ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the A. mexicana.
50 ref
Patil H S;Salve S J
015047 Patil H S;Salve S J (Vidya Pratishthan's Arts, Science and Commerce College, Baramati, Dist. Pune, Maharashtra) : Effect of plant growth regulators (PGRS) and NACL on peroxidase activity of leaf callus of Datura metel L.. Bioinfolet 2012, 9(4B), 834.
Patil A G;Koli S P;Patil D A;Phatak A V
015046 Patil A G;Koli S P;Patil D A;Phatak A V (Botany-Herbal Sciences Dep, Birla College, Kalyan-421 304, Email: madhavibadole@rediffmail.com) : Evaluation of extraction techniques with various solvents to determine extraction efficiency of selected medicinal plants. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(8), 2607-12.
Herbal drugs play an important role in health care dynamics especially in developing countries. The key step in isolation of biologically active compounds is extraction, which is expressed as total extractive yield, yields of metabolites of interest or intensity of biological activity. Extraction of phytoconstituents from plant materials has been of tremendous interest and potential. Extractive value of the crude drug also indicates the quality as well as purity of the drug. For most extractions, relatively simple techniques, such as percolation and maceration are effective and economical. Some specific applications however, require more sophisticated and costly extraction techniques using specialized equipments. It is often possible to select the specific solvent to maximize the yields on the basis of different techniques, varying in cost and level of complexity. Therefore the objective of the present study was to compare different extraction techniques with various solvents for determination of extractive values. The plants selected for the present research work were Averrrhoa carambola L. fruits (Oxalidaceae), Lagenaria vulgaris Ser. fruits (Cucurbitaceae) and Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. rhizomes (Hypoxidaceae). The maximum percentage of extractive value for L. vulgaris Ser. fruit extract was found to be 76.26±0.46 in water using reflux for extraction, whereas A. carambola L. fruit extract and C. orchioides Gaertn. rhizome extract, the maximum percentage of extractive values were found to be 88.40±0.80 and 54.00±0.80 respectively in water using ultrasound extraction method.
22 ref
Nitha B;Remashree A B;Balachandran I
015045 Nitha B;Remashree A B;Balachandran I (Drug Standardization Div, Centre for Medcinal Plant Research, Arya Vaidya Sala, Kottakkal-676 503, ) : Antibacterial activity of some selected Indian medicinal plants. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(7), 2038-42.
There is a continuous and urgent need to discover new antimicrobial compounds with diverse chemical structures and novel mechanisms of action because there has been an alarming increase in the incidence of new and re-emerging infectious diseases. In recent years, drug resistance to human pathogenic bacteria has been commonly reported from all over the world. In the present scenario of emergence of multiple drug resistance to human pathogenic organisms, this has necessitated a search for new antimicrobial substances from other sources including plants. In the study aqueous- ethanol extract of ten plants each belonging to different families was evaluated for antibacterial activity against medically important bacteria viz. S. aureus (MTCC 3160), B. subtilis (MTCC441), E. coli (MTCC40), K. pneumoniae (MTCC3384), P.mirabilis (MTCC425), P.aeruginosa (MTCC741). The in vitro anti-bacterial activity was performed by agar disc diffusion and agar well diffusion method. P. mirabilis was the most resistant bacterium while S. aureus was the most susceptible bacteria. Amongst the plant species studied, Terminalia chebula showed best antibacterial activity.
20 ref
Neel R S
015044 Neel R S (Botany Dep, Vivekanand Arts, Sardar Dalip Singh Commerce and Science College, Samarth Nagar, Aurangabad) : An unusual observation in maize plant. Bioinfolet 2012, 9(4B), 835.
1 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref
Nayak N;Sharma J L
015043 Nayak N;Sharma J L (P.G. Botany Dep, Govt. College, Kota, Rajasthan, Email: nayak.nema2009@gmail.com) : Effect of neem exracts on mortality of Meloidogyne incognita Juvenile. J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 245-7.
Root-knot nematode is one of the-major limiting factors affecting plant growth. Natural products are used as safer alternative to control root knot nematode. An experiment was carried out in vitro to test the Neem plant extract. Different concentration of shade-dried leaves, bark and seeds of Neem were tested for mortality of Meloidogyne incognita juveniles. With the increase in concentration and exposure period, there was increase mortality rate of Juveniles. Neem seed (5 ml concentration) proved to be the most effective among plant parts used viz. bark, leaves, and seed. Neem bark was the least effective among the three.
3 tables, 12 ref
Nappit R S;Shrivastava D K;Mishra S K
015042 Nappit R S;Shrivastava D K;Mishra S K (NO, P.G. College, Shahdol) : Ethno-medico botanical study of Paliha tribe of Gohparu block, district Shahdol M.P. (India). J trop For 2011, 27(1), 62-4.
The present paper deals with 23 plants species which are used traditionally since ancient times by Paliha tribes for the treatment of various ailments, such as pain, skin disease, headache, piles asthma, fever, jaundice, diarrhea, vomiting, wounds dysentery, etc. Some plants species are reported along with plant parts and some local formulation used medicinally for the treatment of various disorders.
4 ref
Mohammed S
015041 Mohammed S (Botany Dep, Osmania College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, Email: silarmohammed@rediffmail.com) : Conservation of a few threatened category plants of Nallamalais (Eastern Ghats A.P. India). J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 219-21.
Nallamalais, a reserve forest in the central part of Eastern Ghats covering 9102 Kms<^>22 considered as a Biodiversity hot spot in Andhra Pradesh, covering, four districts viz, Kadapa, Kurnool, Mahaboob Nagar and Prakasam is situated between Eastern longitudes of 76°58'-78°56' and Northern latitudes of 14°54' - 16°-14'. The flora consist of 900 spp of vascular plants, of which 353 are potential medicinal plants. The threatened category of plants (According to IUCN 2004) listed are critically endangered (10) endangered (21) and vulnerable (27). Of all, the exploitation of important potential medicinal plants like Costus specious (Koenig) sm. Entada pursaetha, DC. Decalepis hamiltonii wight and Am. Pterocarpus santalinus Linnf are worthy of mention and attracted the attention of authors. Conservation of these plants is the need of the hour.
1 table, 5 ref
Meghwal P R;Khan J B;Jain U
015040 Meghwal P R;Khan J B;Jain U (Botany Dep, Govt. Lohia P.G. College, Churu, Rajasthan, Email: prmeghwal@gmail.com) : Effect of various micronutrients on seed germination of Amaranthus spinosus L. J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 241-4.
The effect of micronutrients, viz. CUSO
3 tables, 22 ref
Lai S M;Sudhahar D;Anandarajagopal K
015039 Lai S M;Sudhahar D;Anandarajagopal K (NO, School of Pharmacy and Applied Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Victoria-3552, Australia, Email: wendy_dvj@yahoo.com) : Evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities of Persicaria chinensis leaves. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(8), 2825-30.
Scientific basis of medicinal plants often claimed that the valuable ethnobotanical medicinal-related information was true. Hence, researchers always develop deep interest in finding natural resources like medicinal plants to combat infectious diseases instead of using modern pharmaceutical drugs that can lead to vast antibiotic resistance issues. In the study, various leaf extracts of Persicaria chinensis (L.) H. Gross were investigated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi by disc diffusion method. The aqueous, chloroform, methanol, and petroleum ether extracts of P. chinensis leaves were prepared by cold maceration technique and preliminary phyto-constituent investigation was carried out on the extracts. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were assessed by measuring the diameter of the zone of inhibition, and the results were compared with standard antibiotics, amoxicillin and fluconazole respectively. All leaf extracts possessed antibacterial and antifungal activity against the selected pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Nevertheless, methanol and aqueous extracts and reference drugs (amoxicillin and fluconazole) showed comparable efficacy in inhibiting certain microbial growths. The zone of inhibition signified antibacterial and antifungal potencies of P. chinensis leaf extracts and it might be due to the presence of secondary metabolites.
24 ref
Khude V S
015038 Khude V S (NO, Devchand College, Arjunnagar. Tal. Kagal Dist Kolhapur) : Callus induction and secondary metabolites from Tribulus terrestris L. and Pedalium murex L.. Bioinfolet 2012, 9(4B), 750-3.
Present paper deals with in vitro callus induction in two medicinal plants Tribulus terrestris L. and Pedalium murex L. from leaf explant cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mgl<^>-1), BAP (0.5,1.0,2.0 mgl<^>-1) and Kin ((0.5,1.0,2.0 mgl<^>-1). 2,4-D (2.0 mg/l<^>-1) exhibited 61.83% callus formation with leaf explants of T. terrestris while 52.30% with P. murex. Total alkaloids, flavonoids and phenolic contents of the leaf tissues were 1.8 times higher than that in the callus of T. terrestris. In case of P. murex it was 2.5 times higher.
4 tables, 10 ref
Karthiyayini R
015037 Karthiyayini R (Botany Dep, Avinashilingam Deemed University for Women, Coimbatore-641 043) : Medicinal plant leaves used by local practitioners of Coimbatore distrct, Tamil Nadu, India. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(6), 1829-31.
This present investigation was an attempt to an ethno botanical survey which was carried out by the local practitioners of Coimbatore district in Tamil Nadu. During the survey 48 medicinal plant leaves are identified which were used as medicine for several diseases either in single or in combination with some other ingredients. In the first phase the Botanical Name, Family, Local Name and uses of leaves have been discussed and noted.
12 ref
Kapoor B B S;Acharya S;Mishra R;Swami S
015036 Kapoor B B S;Acharya S;Mishra R;Swami S (Herbal Research Laboratory, P.G. Botany Dep, Dungar College, Bikaner-334 001) : Antimicrobial screening of some arid tiliaceous plants. J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 255-6.
Arid zone of Rajasthan shows great phytodiversity from this arid region, Tiliaceous plants like. Corchorus depressus, Corchorus tridens and Grewia tenax were screened for their antimicrobialª properties. Ethyl ether and alcoholic extracts of leaves of all these selected plant species showed. positive reactions against bacterial pathogens i.e. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli-and a fungal pathogen Candida albicans. The leaves of these selected plant species were analysed for flavonoid contents i.e. Quercetin and Kaempferol. The total flavonoid content 1.46 mg/gdw was found in leaves ofCorchorus tridens while 1. I 3mg.lgdw in leaves of Grewia tenax.
2 tables, 11 ref
Kapoor B B S;Acharya S;Mishra R;Swami S
015035 Kapoor B B S;Acharya S;Mishra R;Swami S (Herbal Research Laboratory, Dungar College, P.O. Botany Dep) : Ascorbic acid contents from some arid zone tiliaceous plant species. J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 251-2.
Ascorbic acid contents of roots, shoots and fruits of Corchorus depressus. Corchorm tridens and Grewia tenax have been analysed. Maximwn ascorbic acid contents were found m the fruits of Grewia tenax (97.3'/mg/100g.d.w.) while, minimuni in roots of Corchorus tridens (47.39 mg/l00g.d.w.). The climate of arid zone plays a dominant role in structutring its physical as well as biotic environment. The plants growing in this region containt sufficienit amount of nutrients, so they may be considered as livestock feed. Ascorbic acid, also called as antiscorbutic (Vitamin C), is an important primary product and well known for its property as an electron dormer in photosynthetic photophosphorylation.
1 table, 9 ref
Kandhare A S;Wadje S S
015034 Kandhare A S;Wadje S S (Botany Dep, K.M.C. College, Khopoli) : Effect of seed born fungi on seedling growth of pulses. Bioinfolet 2012, 9(4B), 790-2.
Total seventeen seed born fungi were reported from pulses. Among them Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Drechslera tetramera, Fusarium moniliforme and Rhizopus stolonifer were found to be common. There was considerable reduction in seedling emergence, shoot and root length of pulses due to the infestation of these fungi.
1 table, 11 ref
Kanade M B;Shirashyad V S;Kengar Y D;Sarwade P P
015033 Kanade M B;Shirashyad V S;Kengar Y D;Sarwade P P (Botany Dep, Tuljaram Chaturchand College, Baramati, Pune-413 102) : Role of allopurinol in the activation of defence realated enzymes in wheat. J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 223-6.
Present study focused on effect of allopurinol on defence related enzymes peroxidase, catalase, lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase in rust susceptible wheat var. 'Agra local'. All the enzyme activity was greatly influenced by the allopurinpi treatment.
2 illus, 22 ref
Jamila Z;Mohamed N
015032 Jamila Z;Mohamed N (NO, Arid Lands Institute, Laboratory of Range Ecology, Medenine-4119-Tunisia, Email: jamila.zammouri@ira.rnrt.in) : Effect of decapitation on vegetative propagation of Allium roseum L. (Alliaceae) from Tunisia. Vegetos 2011, 24(1), 54-7.
Paper embodies the effects of one experimental decapitation frequency on production of bulbs at the end of life cycle of the four accessions of Allium roseum from Tunisia. Allium roseum accessions allocated highest number of bulbs in decapitated plants and lowest in the control plants. Therefore, the accession 22 (El Fjc) and 27 (Bir Ali) maintained a similar total bulbs production as the control also when decapitated. In contrast, accession 28 (Lemaya) showed a good tolerance to decapitation by the highest mean number of bulbs produced. The decapitation treatment had a significant effect on total bulbs, medium and big size of bulbs in all the accessions studies. However, the accession showed significant effect on the number of small and medium bulbs produced by the four accessions of Allium roseum and did not show effect on the number of big bulbs. The interaction between defoliation and accession revealed no significant effect on total, small and big bulbs, but had significant effect on medium size of bulbs produced in all the accessions.
21 ref
Jain U;Tiwari A;Raigar S L
015031 Jain U;Tiwari A;Raigar S L (Botany Dep, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur) : Reproductive capacity in two members of solanceae. J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 257-8.
Average seed output is a strong parameter in calculating the reproductive capacity of any plant and deciding its fitness as a successful coloniser. Out of the two plants studied Datura stramonium L. shows greater value of reproductive capacity than Withania somnifera Dun.
1 table, 13 ref
Jain U;Regar S L;Ahrodia R P
015030 Jain U;Regar S L;Ahrodia R P (Botany Dep, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 004, Email: ushajain0101@gmail.com) : Effect of temperatures and various growth regulators on seed germination of two variants of Chenopodium album L. J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 145-53.
Effects of temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50°C) and various growth regulators i.e., lAA, GA, Cytokinin, ABA and ethylene on percentage seed germination of two variants of Chenopodium album were studied. For this purpose, C. album seeds were germinated under different temperature conditions and after treating with various hormone concentrations for IS days. It was determined that both the variants have specific temperature requirements for optimum germination while the effect of growth regulators for optimum germination varies considerably in their kinds and strengths.
3 illus, 4 tables, 21 ref
Gopal Reddy P;Thathe P
015029 Gopal Reddy P;Thathe P (Botany Dep, Padmashri Vikhe Patil College, Pravaranagar-Loni, Dist: Ahmednagar-413 713) : Antibacterial activity of woodfordia floribunda leaf extracts. J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 209-12.
Antibacterial activity of aqueous as well as ethanol leaf extracts of Woodfordia f1oribunda were tested on five bacteria viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium. Both aqueous and ethanol extracts inhibited growth of all bacteria. Comparatively K. pneumoniae was found to be more susceptible while S. typhimurium and P. aeruginosa less susceptible to the effect of leaf extracts. Ethanol extract is more effective than aqueous extracts.
3 illus, 1 table, 20 ref
Gautam T K;Renu Rani;Vimala Y
015028 Gautam T K;Renu Rani;Vimala Y (Botany Dep, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut-250 004, Email: yvimala@gmail.com) : In vitro accumulation of active metabolites in Physalis peruviana (Linn.) callus. Vegetos 2011, 24(1), 58-60.
Physalis peruviana (Linn.) is a medicinal plant which is widely used in folk medicine as anticancer, antimycobacterial, antipyretic, immunomodulatory and for treating diseases such as malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis, diuretism and rheumatism. In vitro studies with Physalis peruviana were carried out through tissue culture. The calluses raised from leaf explants on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of PGRs were compared with their explant after four and eight weeks. Callus raised on MS medium + 2% sucrose supplemented with 4.0mg/L NAA and 1.0mg/L BA exhibited significant callus growth upto eight weeks with high amount of ascorbic acid accumulation, total protein content and peroxidase activity as compared to the explants, indicating the possibility of its further usage for high secondary metabolite isolation than from the explants.
4 illus, 20 ref
Das J;Agarwala B K
015027 Das J;Agarwala B K (Zoology Dep, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar-799 130, Email: bagarwala00@gmail.com) : Changes in leaf chemicals in different phenological stages of Chromolaena odorata L. (King and Robinson) from Tripura. Vegetos 2011, 24(1), 32-40.
Phenology and chemical composition of Chromolaena odorata leaf was investigated. This plant propagates both by sexual and vegetative means throughout the year. Chemical composition of leaf sample showed variations in different phenological stages of the plant growth. A high quantity of total carbohydrate (15.43 mg/gm DW) was observed in seed maturation and dispersal stage. Our result suggests that the vegetative stage of C. odorata is a source of high quality protein (5.1 mg/gm DW) and nitrogen (0.162% DW) which could serve as a potential source of protein supplement.
1 illus, 1 table, 17 ref
Chavan A A;Benke P S;Sakhare S B
015026 Chavan A A;Benke P S;Sakhare S B (Botany Dep, Post Graduate Institute, Dr Punjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola-444 104) : Genetic divergence in castor. Bioinfolet 2012, 9(4B), 784-6.
Genetic divergence was assessed in 40 genotypes using D<^>2 statistics. Clustering pattern showed no parallelism between genetic and geographic diversity. Among the character studied plant height, effective length of primary spike, 100 seed weight and total number of capsules showed higher divergence. The maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster X and IV, followed by cluster VII and X, cluster IV and III, cluster III and X. Cluster VII showed lowest cluster mean for days to 50% flowering and days to maturity and highest for effective length of secondary spike, number of capsules on secondary spike and oil content. Cluster IX showed maximum mean for number of capsules on primary spike, total number of capsules and seed yield per plant, Cluster III, VI and VIII possessed highest cluster mean value for effective length of primary spike, 100 seed weight and effective length of tertiary spike respectively.
4 tables, 4 ref
Chakravarty S;Kalita J C
015025 Chakravarty S;Kalita J C (Zoology Dep, Animal Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Gauhati University, Guwahati-14) : An investigation on anti diabetic medicinal plants used by villagers in Nalbari district, Assam, India. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(6), 1693-7.
Nalbari district is situated in between 26°N and 27°N latitude and 92°E and 97°E longitude. It lies between Kamrup and Barpeta district of lower Assam. Nalbari has a population of 1138184 (2001 census). An ethnobotanical Survey was conducted in 2010 in selected villages to explore the medicinal plant used by the villagers to cure Diabetes. This villages are inhabited by Boros, Koch, Muslim communities. The indigenous knowledge of local traditional healers and native plants used by the villagers to cure Diabetes were collected using a questionnaire and personal interviews. Total 30 villagers in the age group of 30-68 years were interviewed out of which 3 were local healers. The investigation reveals 35 species of plants belonging to 28 families which are used to cure Diabetes. It is found that the whole plant is used for curing the ailment but mostly fresh juice, powder, fresh leaves, paste or decoction in water remains the most preferred method of preparation. Most plants are very effective remedy when used in a combination or singly. The study throws light on the traditional knowledge of the villagers regarding medicinal plant which can be used against Diabetes which is largely unexplored.
14 ref
Bheemareddy V S;Lakshman H C
015024 Bheemareddy V S;Lakshman H C (P.G. Studies and Research in Botany Dep, Karnataka University, Dharwad-580 003, Email: venpral 1964@yahoo.co.in) : Effect of AM fungus Glomus fasciculatum on metabolite accumulation in four varieties of Triticum aestivum L. under short-term water stress. Vegetos 2011, 24(1), 41-9.
Water stress is considered to be the main environmental factor limiting growth development and affecting the development of many crop plants. AM fungi are a type of endomycorrhiza known to enhance adoption ability of host plants under water stress conditions and help the host plants to cope up with situations of drought. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relative physiological indices in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Triticum aestivum L. Var in response to water stress applied at 60 DAS and 90 DAS for ten days. Experiments were conducted on four Triticum aestivum L. varieties namely DWR 162, DWR195, DWR 225 and NI 5439 with and without mycorrhizal inoculation. Glomus fasciculatum was the AM fungus used for inoculation. Accumulation of plant metabolites such as proline, carbohydrates, proteins and peroxidase were determined in four Triticum aestivum L. varieties under inoculated and control conditions with and without water stress. Results revealed that there is more accumulation of metabolites in mycorrhizal plants than nonmycorrhizal plants. Under water stress conditions, mycorrhizal plants accumulated more metabolites than nonmycorrhizal plants. Among the four Triticum aestivum L.varieties DWR 225 and DWR 162 have shown more accumulation of metabolites to tolerate water stress by improving osmotic adjustment.
8 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref
Balgude Y S;Sawant D M;Gaikwad A P
015023 Balgude Y S;Sawant D M;Gaikwad A P (Plant Pathology and Agricultural Microbiology Dep, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri) : Mosaic disease of soybean variety JS-335. Bioinfolet 2012, 9(4B), 836-9.
Mosaic disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] was observed on variety JS-335 in Rahuri producing vein clearing, puckering, mottling, distortion of leaves, leaf curling and stunting of plant. The virus had limited host range with various symptoms. Necrotic local lesions were induced in Lablab purpureus while chlorotic local leasions in Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa. The virus gets transmitted by four aphid species viz., Myzus persicae, Aphis craccivora, Aphis glycines and Aphis gossypii. The virus has in vitro longevity of 96 hours at room temperature, dilution end point between 10<^>-4 to 10<^>-5 and thermal inactivation point between 65 to 70°C. Purified virions consisted of flexous rods, 746-759 nm in length and 14-17 nm in breadth. Studies further indicated that virus under study belonged to Potyvirus group.
2 table, 18 ref
Badole M R;Dighe V V
015022 Badole M R;Dighe V V (Chemistry Dep, Ramnarain Ruia College, Matunga (East), Mumbai, Maharashtra, Email: madhavibadole@rediffmail.com) : Microscopical and physico-chemical investigations of the leaves of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(8), 2599-602.
World Health Organization (WHO, Geneva) has appreciated the importance of medicinal plants for public health care for use in developing nations. Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. is having important role in the traditional Ayurvedic and Unani systems of holistic health and herbal medicine of the East. The leaves of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. are reported to have good medicinal values in traditional system of medicine. The study highlights the pharmacognostical studies including parameters such as powder analysis by microscopical evaluation, color reaction, and study of physicochemical parameters of the Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. leaves. These observations will help in the pharmacognostical identification and standardization of the drug in the crude form and can be used to distinguish the drug from its adulteration.
8 ref
Anil Kumar V S;Murugan K
015021 Anil Kumar V S;Murugan K (Botany Dep, University College, Thiruvananthapuram-34) : Taxonomic significance of foliar micromorphology and their systematic relevance in the genus Solanum (Solanaceae). J phytol Res 2011, 24(2), 213-17.
Micromorphology of vegetative and reproductive plant organs is the object of research to resolve the taxonomic problems of critical species and genera. Trichomes are distributed at the surface of aerial plant parts, having various functions and are extremely variable in their presence across plant, location on plant organs, density, form, etc., and, therefore, their morphology and structure can be used as taxonomic markers in the infra generic classification of the genus. The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the degree of differentiation in micromorphological characters between the six species and to assess the expression of these characters in individuals with intermediate macromorphology. Of the several traits on leaf surface, the stomata are perhaps the most significant from the point of view of systematics and phylogeny. Stomata that are highly characteristic of the epidermis occur in widely divergent parts of the plants including common foliage leaves. Stomatal size is an ecologically important attribute. The size, distribution and frequency of stomata have been recognized to be specific to the taxa below the family and these characters were used as significant parameters in the angiosperm taxonomy as well as phylogeny. Qualitative and quantitative micromorphological characters, distribution and systematic relevance of both glandular and eglandular foliar trichomes using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) in species of genus Solanum (Solanaceae) including S. melongena var. incanum, S. aculeatissimum, S. erianthum, S. macrocarpon, S. mammosum and S. virginianum were characterized. Both the abaxial and adaxial surfaces were characterized by anisocytic stomata which were more prevalent on the abaxial surface than the adaxial surface. Glandulartrichomes were capitate while non-glandular trichomes were stellate with many arms or linear fingerlike. Glandular trichomes play important roles in protecting plants from biotic attack by producing defensive compounds. The trichomes in the family Solanaceae vary from unicellular to multicellular, conical to elongated, smooth to ridges, with or without flattened disk at base. Glandular capitate trichomes were the most unique on leaf surfaces of the examined taxa. In summary, the variation in morphology and distribution of foliar trichomes emerged as an important supportive taxonomic tool in delimiting species of genus Solanum.
1 illus, 14 ref
Yadav P;Verma M;Kunwar N;Sultania N
013267 Yadav P;Verma M;Kunwar N;Sultania N (Faculty of Home Science, C.S.A. Agriculture & Technology Univ, Kanpur) : Medicinal plants for beauty purpose. Prog Agric 2011, 11(2), 482-3.
4 ref
Shah N A;Dar Z M;Masood A;Abraham G
013266 Shah N A;Dar Z M;Masood A;Abraham G (Plant Physiology Dep, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu Univ, Varanasi-211 005, Email: zaffar_123@yahoo.com) : Physiological and biochemical response of Azolla filiculoides to the exposure of ultra violet-β radiations. Appl biol Res 2012, 14(2), 202-6.
Effect of UV-p radiations on some growth and biochemical parameters of aquatic fern Azolla filiculoides was assessed for induced instability in the fern. UV-β radiation @ 6.8 Wm-2 was made incident on the fronds of fern for various periods (20, 40 and 60 min). Plants exhibited mild to severe injury symptoms and the extent of injury was estimated by observing the visible symptoms of chlorosis and necrosis. Fern biomass, doubling time, average root number and average root length was also measured. Severe chlorotic injury followed by necrosis occurred in the plants exposed to UV-β radiations for 60 min. With increase in exposure time to UV-β radiation the fern biomass, average root number and average root length were significantly reduced with associated increase in doubling time. 5-amino laevulinic acid (the precursor of chlorophyll) content of A. filiculoides was severely reduced in all exposure periods resulting in less chlorophyll biosynthesis by plant. The carotenoid content increased at no or mild injury but decreased due to severe injury. Starch, sugar and protein contents showed decreasing trend with increase in exposure time. Preliminary observations indicated that the disturbances in photosynthetic machinery lead to decrease in biomass production revealing physiological stress on A. filiculoides due to UV-β radiations.
^ssc3 tables, 25 ref
Sevgi E;Altundag E;Kara O;Sevgi O;Tecimen H B;Bolat I
013265 Sevgi E;Altundag E;Kara O;Sevgi O;Tecimen H B;Bolat I (Pharmaceutical Botany Dep, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakif Univ, Istanbul, 34093, Turkey, Email: ecesevgi1@yahoo.com) : Morphological, anatomical and ecological studies on some Orchis (orchidaceae) taxa of Mediterranean region, Turkey. J envir Biol 2012, 33(2;suppl), 343-53.
In this study, nine species mainly distributed in Mediterranean (+Aegean region) region of Turkey were investigated in terms of 15 morphological, 16 anatomical and 5 ecological characteristics. Those species are Orchis anatolica Boiss., Orchis italica Poiret, Orchis laxiflora Lam., Orchis morio L subsp. mono, Orchis provincialis Balbis ex DC., Orchis purpurea Hudson, Orchis sancta L.., Orchis simia lam., Orchistridentata Scop. In conclusion, we found that O. laxiflora was characterized by the longest plant height and O. purpurea had the biggest tuber; whereas O. italica was identified by the highest number of leafs and O. purpurea had the longest leaf length and widest leaf width, Additionally, the other species which were characterized by different morphological and anatomical parameters are as follow: O. sancfa with the longest bract length, O. italica and O. simia with the longest sepal lengths, O. laxiflora with the shortest and widest labellum, O. simia with the longest petal length, O. sancta with longest caudiculum length, O. anatolica with the longest spur length and O. provincialis with the longest ovary length. Particularly, O. laxiflora and O. purpurea species present essential divergence from the aspect of anatomical features of leaf surface in comparison with the other species. Morphological and anatomical traits of the species were attributed to the habitat selections of the species since that character differs along with each species.
5 illus, 7 tables, 43 ref
Ramakrishnan S;Deepa S P
013264 Ramakrishnan S;Deepa S P (Nematology Dep, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Univ, Coimbatore-641 003) : Biomanagement of nematode fungal disease complex in medicinal coleus, Coleus forskohlii using Trichoderma viride. Indian J Nematol 2011, 41(2), 160-2.
Experiments were conducted twice under glasshouse conditions (26±2°c) for the management of nematode fungal disease complex involving Meloidogyne incognita and Macrophomina phaseolina in Coleus forskohlii. The treatments viz., Pseudomonas fluorescens, super pseudomonas, Pseudomonas + Bacillus consortia, Trichoderma viride and Carbofuran with Bavistin evaluated in this study revealed that soil application of T. viride @ 2.5 kg/ha was most effective in suppressing the disease incidence and enhanced the tuber yield. The effectiveness of commercially available T. viride in talc-formulation (106cfu/g) was tested at three different locations in nematode sick field through on-farm trials for the same. The results of the experiment confirmed the effectiveness of T. viride for the management of nematode fungal disease complex (77.69%) and increased the tuber yield by 68.18 per cent in medicinal Coleus.
2 tables, 7 ref
Khyade M S;Takate Y A;Divekar M V
013263 Khyade M S;Takate Y A;Divekar M V (Botany Dep, S.N. Arts, D.J. Malpani Commerce and B.N. Sarda Science College, Sangamner, Dist. Ahmednagar-422 605, Email: mskhyade@rediffmail.com) : Plants used as an antidote against snakebite in Akole Taluka of Ahmednagar district (Maharashtra), India. J nat Remedies 2011, 11(2), 182-92.
Ethnobotanical survey was conducted during 2006-2008 in Akole Taluka of Ahmednagar district in Western Ghats of Maharashtra State. The tribes such as Mahadev Koli, Ramoshi. Thakar and Bhills arc dwelling in the study area, apart from other rural people. Information on 40 angiospermic species belonging to 38 genera of 24 families was gathered, as used as an antidote against snakebite by those people. The present paper reports botanical names family, local names, parts used, preparation and mode of administration. Also a discussion on present data compared with already published reports on snakebite is included.
3 illus, 1 table, 52 ref
Joymatidevi L
013262 Joymatidevi L (Zoology Dep, P.G. Block, DMC of Science, Imphal, Manipur) : Effect of essential oil extracts of medicinal plants against root-knot nematode on soybean. Indian J Nematol 2011, 41(2), 131-3.
Alcoholic extracts of some medicinal plants Parkia javanica, Adhatoda vesica, Andrographis paniculata, Melothria purpusilla and Jusminum multiflorum were tested as seed soaking on soybean in a pot experiment. The seeds were soaked in 100 ppm concentration for 24 h and dried in sunlight and seeding was done in sterilized soil. After proper inoculation of J2s of Meloidogyne incognita observations taken 75 days after inoculation showed that plants treated with ethanol extracts of J. multiflorum resulted in improved plant growth rate and reduction in disease incidence when compared with other treated plants. Alcoholic extracts of P. javanica was found least effective when compared with untreated but inoculated one.
2 tables, 5 ref
Grover M
013261 Grover M (National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-11012, Email: monendra_grover@yahoo.com ) : The manifestation of genetic diversity in biological systems. Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad 2012, 78(1), 91-8.
The need of biodiversity for the maintenance of food, water, health and livelihood security as well as a climate-resilient food production system cannot be overemphasized. Therefore biodiversity must be judiciously utilized. The full and judicious use of biodiversity is possible only when we are able to understand biodiversity in its full spectrum, from genetic and molecular level to the phenotypic and ultimately to the ecosystem level. In the study of genetic diversity, the genomic technologies have begun to be extensively utilized. However the genetic biodiversity leads to diversity at RNA, protein, metabolome level and ultimately to the phenotypic and the ecosystem level and cannot be ignored. All these levels must be studied for full analysis and understanding of biodiversity.
1 illus, 37 ref
Chhabra G S;Kulkarni K S
013260 Chhabra G S;Kulkarni K S (NO, , ) : Vitex agnus castus. J nat Remedies 2011, 11(2), 90-7.
Vitex agnus castus was already in ancient medicinal art as an official medicinal plant and is named in the work of Hippocrates, Dioskurides, Theophrastus and others. This review attempts to encompass the available literature on Vitex agnus castus with respect to its pharmacognostic characters, traditional uses, chemical constituents and summary of various pharmacological activities and clinical effects. Other aspects such as toxicology and recautions are also discussed.
1 illus, 47 ref
Birhanu Z
013259 Birhanu Z (Medicinal Plant Documentation Unit, Pharmacognosy Dep, School of Pharmacy, Gondar Univ, P.O. Box 197, Ethiopia, Email: zbirhanu@yahoo.com) : Ethno-botanical survey on medicinal plants used by ethnic groups of Denbia district, North-Western Ethiopia. J nat Remedies 2011, 11(2), 119-23.
Objectives is to fee-document information on medicinal plants and to describe the traditional health care practices of ethnic groups of Denbia district. Meld survey and personal discussion methods had been used in the col lection of data. A list of 25 plants belonging to 24 genera and 18 families that arc used for their therapeutic purposes by the ethnic groups of Dcnbia district. North Gondar zone. North western Ethiopia with their local names, ethno medicinal claims, modes of preparation and methods-.of applications to treat common ailments arc highlighted here. The present study has documented curious ethno medicinal facts on the plant therapies currently utilized by the ethnic groups of Denbia district. The study could contribute partial remedies in the preservation of cultural heritage and a base to researchers for further pharmacological and phytochemical studies.
4 ref
Bhat M Y;Shah N H;Fazal M;Wani A H
013258 Bhat M Y;Shah N H;Fazal M;Wani A H (P.G. Botany Dep, Kahsmir Univ, Srinagar-190 006, Email: myaqub35@gmail.com) : Response of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to disease complexes involving Meloidogyne incognita and Rhizoctonia solani. Indian J Nematol 2011, 41(2), 156-9.
Interactions involving root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and root-rot fungus, Rhizoctonia solani on potted bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were investigated with artificial inoculations. The study revealed that there was a significant reduction in shoot and root lengths, their fresh weights and number of pods in the plants receiving the inoculum of the fungus and nematode simultaneously. The fungus alone caused comparatively less effect than the nematode. Similar progressive decrease in chlorophyll and carotenoid content was also observed in concomitant inoculations. The root-knot index was highest where nematodes were inoculated singly and was a significantly reduced in presence of fungus. Conversely, the simultaneous inoculation of both the pathogens gave maximum root-rot index.
1 table, 13 ref
Altundag E;Sevgi E;Kara O;Sevgi O;Tecimen H B;Bolat I
013257 Altundag E;Sevgi E;Kara O;Sevgi O;Tecimen H B;Bolat I (Biology Dep, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Duzce Univ, Duzce, 81620, Turkey, Email: ernazaltundag@gmail.com) : Studies on the chorology, ecology, morphology and conservation strategies of Orchis anatolica Boiss (orchidaceae). J envir Biol 2012, 33(2;suppl), 325-33.
Orchis anatolica Boiss. is one of the Mediterranean species, which has wide distribution in Turkey. In this study, plant and soil samples of O. anatolica were taken from 26 natural populations in Turkey. There were one hundred ninety locality records in the Mediterranean region of Turkey, but we recorded two hundred sixteen localities thus adding twenty six new localities to the list. Twenty morphological parameters of O. anatolica were evaluated. The correlation coefficients between generative characters and vegetative characters were lower than the character groups of correlation coefficients between themselves. It is found from sea level upto 1700m. Most common habitats of O. anatolica are macchie, forest lands and stony soils. The soils are loamy, clayey- loam and sandy-clayey- loam and rich in organic matter. The pH of the soils varies from 5.87 to 7.92. Although O. anatolica has wide distribution in Turkey, different types of land uses are posing a threat for it and restricting its distributional area. Lacking the legal regulations about conservation of the O. anatolica populations is one of the most striking requirement.
2 illus, 4 tables, 55 ref
Vijay Kumar;Kanta U
012035 Vijay Kumar;Kanta U (Entomology Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, Email: vkthakur71@rediffmail.com) : Effectiveness of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii in the suppression of Chilo partellus (swinhoe) in summer maize. J biol Control 2011, 25(2), 92-7.
Studies on the effectiveness of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii in the suppression of Chilo partellus in summer maize were carried out at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during summer 2006 and 2007. The mean total incidence of maize stem borer was minimum in maize plot with single release of T. chilonis @ 100,000/ha on 12-day-old crop (14.3%) followed by 15-dayold crop (15.3%) and incidence in these two was significantly lower as compared to untreated check (33.0%) and proved effective in reducing the incidence of maize stem borer and subsequently increased the maize yield. However, the pest incidence in all biocontrol treatments was higher than the maize plot treated with deltamethrin 2.8 EC @ 200 ml ha-1 (10.5%). The yield obtained from maize plot with single release of T. chilonis @ 100,000/ha on 12-day-old and 15-day-old crops (25.9 and 25.4 q ha-1, respectively) was significantly higher than all other treatments except maize plot treated with deltamethrin 2.8 EC @ 200 ml ha-1 (26.2 q ha-1). The parasitism rate of C. partellus eggs on maize plants was significantly higher in releases of T. chilonis @ 100,000 ha-1 on 12- and 15-day-old crop (44.8 and 43.1%, respectively) as compared to untreated check (4.4%) and plots treated with deltamethrin 2.8 EC @ 200 ml ha-1 (1.0%).
Suke S N;Deotale R D;Hiradeve P;Deogirkar M; Sorte N V
012034 Suke S N;Deotale R D;Hiradeve P;Deogirkar M; Sorte N V (Botany Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur) : Effect of nutrients and biofertilizers of chemical and biochemical parameters of maize (Zea mays L.). J Soil Crop 2011, 21(1), 107-12.
Effect of different combination of chemical fertilizers and bio-fertilizers on chemical and biochemical parameters of maize was studied with different treatments, investigated on field of Botany, college of Agriculture, Nagpur. The data revealed that treatment T4 (RDF+Azotobac/er+PSB) found significantly superior for increase in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in leaves at 45 DAS, 75 DAS and at harvest. Also treatment T4 was found significant for increase in chlorophyll content of leaves with advancement in growth period and the miximum was attained at 60 DAS. Protein content in grain was increased with the increasing levels of NPK along with bio-fertilizers. The highest protein was recorded in treatment T4 (RDF+Azotobacter+PSB) (10.354) and starch content was also recorded highest in treatment T4, (65.490) with advancement of growth period.
2 tables, 12 ref
Singh P;Misra N
012033 Singh P;Misra N (Botany Dep, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur-273 009, Email: nishamisra11@yahoo.co.in) : Assessment of fungi-toxic efficacy of some plant extracts against species of Chaetomium. Bioherald 2012, 2(1), 37-45.
Aqueous extracts of plant parts of 25 angiosperms belonging to 18 families were tested for their fungi-toxic activity against some species of Chaetomium. Out of 25 plant extracts, Ageratum conyzoides and Catharanthus roseus exhibited absolute toxicity against all the ten species of Chaetomium. However, Allium sativum exhibited 100 percent efficacy against all the test species except for C. indicum. Lowest MIC (600x103 μl/l) of the extract of Catharanthus roseus was recorded for Chaetomium atrobrunneum and C. murorum. It was least (700 x 103 μl/l) forC. atrobrunneum and C. globosporum, when treated with Ageratum conyzoides extract.
2 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref