002279   Dejene T;Mohamed O;Yilma Z;Eshete A (NO, Forestry Research Center, P.O. Box 30708, Addis Ababa, Ehtiopia, Email: tdejenie@yahoo.com) : Phenology of leaf, flower and fruits of Boswellia neglecta and Commiphora myrrha in Borena zone, South Eastern Ethiopia. Hortflora Res Spectrum 2016, 5(4), 269-74.

Leafing, flowering and fruiting phenology patterns of C. myrrha and B. neglecta were examined in Borena Zone of Oromiya region, South Eastern Ethiopia, for the period of 24 months starting from September, 2011 to September, 2013. We selected 16 individual trees (Dbh ≥ 10 cm) of both species at 100m apart and monitored in every week for phenologies.The result revealed that pattern of leafing and leaf loss, flowering and fruiting are bimodal following the rainfall pattern of the study area. Leaf flushing starts in the month of September and March when wet season begin for both species. And flushing reached peak and trees covered with leaf in the months of October to November and April to May in the first and second seasons, respectively. Leaf shedding starts in mid-December and mid-June. Flowering is concentrated in December and June and usually ends (Dried and withered) at the mid of January and July. Early fruiting observed in October for C. myrrha and in Novemberfor B.neglecta in the first season and in July for both species in the second season. However, fruit maturation was in November and July for C.myrrha and January and July for B.neglecta. According to the local people and monitoring of the trees, seed harvesting is possible before end of January for C.myrrha and mid-February for B.neglecta since fruiting of both species in the second season is not certain.

10 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

002278   Chanchal D K;Niranjan P;Alok S;Kulshreshtha S;Dongray A;Dwivedi S (Pharmacognosy Dep, Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand Univ, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, Email: chanchaldilip014@gmail.com ) : Brief review on medicinal plant and screening method of antilithiatic activity. Int J Pharmac 2016, 3(1), 1-9.

Kidney stones is a growing global problem, It is also known as Urolithiasis. Lithiasis is a condition where urinary calculus is formed in the kidney and urinary tract. It is a complicated urinary disorder that has gravely troubled the health and quality of human life. Urinary stones affect 10-12% of the population in industrialized countries. There are only few geographical areas in which the stone disease is rare e.g. Germany and in the coastal areas of Japan. Conventional agents are being used to control kidney stone along with lifestyle management. Medicinal plants are found to be useful in this metabolic disorder from ancient days due to its no or low-toxic nature, easily available in rural areas, cheap, there are less chances of recurrence. The purpose of this paper is to critically review available literature on various medicinal plants with their antilithiatic activity and screening method of this activity in order to develop effective drug to treat the disease.

2 illus, 1 table, 61 ref

002277   Bisht N S;Khajuria A K (Botany Dep, H.N.B. Garhwal Univ, Pauri Campus, Pauri, Garhwal-246 001) : Ethno-medicinal plants of tehsil Katuha, Jammu Kashmir. J Mount Res 2014, 9(Dec), 1-12.

Ethno-botanical study was carried out in Tehsil Kathua during 2013. The study aim to document the distribution of medicinal plants and the long experience of inhabitants regarding their medicinal value and uses for curing different ailments. The floral wealth of the region is degrading at high rate due to Industrialization and increased anthropogenic pressure in the region (migration, industrialization and false agriculture technique). Therefore an attempt has been made to document the medicinal plants of Tehsil Kathua. Total 78 plant species of 66 genera and 45 families were recorded and information from locals is presented in the present paper.

2 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

002276   Bhowate M C;Gawai D U;Bhowate C S (PG Dep of Botany, PG Dep of Zoology, N.E.S. Science College, Nanded-431 605, Email: dilip.gawai777@gmail.com) : Effect of pH on the growth of fungi associated with lac. Bionotes 2016, 18(2), 54-6.

2 tables, 8 ref

002275   Beth M R M;Mun W S;Foong F S (NO, , ) : Health literacy and self-care management among patients with diabetes mellitus in a selected private hospital, Malaysia. J Nur Sci Pract 2016, 6(2), 38-44.

The number of Malaysians with diabetes mellitus (DM) is projected to increase tremendously by the year 2025. The complexity of diabetes care regimen requires a lifetime of special self-care management and adequate health literacy for self-care ability. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between health literacy and self-care management among patients in a selected hospital of Malaysia. This study was guided by Nola Pender's health promotion theoretical framework which integrates nursing interventions to increase patients' knowledge and self-care management. In this study, a nonexperimental descriptive design was used on 50 participants with DM who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The participants were chosen by simple random sampling method. The findings of the study showed that inadequate health literacy is associated with poor self-care management among DM patients. A direct relationship was observed between health literacy and DM self-care with Cronbach's Alpha value (0.627 on knowledge, 0.424 on medication, and 0.738 on diet and physical activities). There was a significant difference between the health literacy and self-care management with (p<60>0.0001). Hence, the null hypothesis was rejected. The findings suggested that effective health teaching techniques as well as incorporating patients' individual level of health knowledge and self-care skills is integral for improvement in diabetes outcomes.

002274   Baseer M;Jain K (NO, Govt Science and Commerce College Benazir Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, Email: muzaferbaseer89@gmail.com) : Review of botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, contemporary applications and toxicology of Ocimum sanctum. Int J Pharm Life Sci 2016, 7(2), 4918-29.

Ocimum sanctum L. commonly called as `holy basil' in English and `Tulsi' in Hindi is a many branched, erect, stout and aromatic herb about 75 cms high, small sweet scented herb found throughout India and cultivated at a large scale. Ocimum sanctum has been used for a wide range of ailments in traditional medicine. Being complex chemical composition, due to its inherent botanical and biochemical complexity and presence of numerous valuable compounds, such as volatile compounds, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, fatty acids, and amino acids, Ocimum sanctum has anti-stress, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, immunomodulating, antiinflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antipyretic, antidiuretic, antidiabetic, antimalarial and hypolipidemic properties. The review aims to gather the fragmented information available in the literature regarding morphology, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of Ocimum sanctum. It also compiles available scientific evidence to identify gaps required to be filled by future research and for the ethnobotanical claims. Traditional uses and scientific evaluation based findings indicate that Ocimum sanctum remains to be the most widely used herbal plant. Ocimum sanctum has been a good source of traditional medicine that provides a noteworthy basis in pharmaceutical biology and for the development/formulation of new drugs and future clinical uses.

1 table, 82 ref

002273   Bansal P (NO, , ) : Mission indradhanush : a magic wand of our frontline health soldiers. J Nur Sci Pract 2016, 6(2), 45-7.

India's health system is a complex web of untiring individuals doing their bit to provide health services to those most in need. At the grassroots this system is upheld by three key people - the 3 A's, ANM (Auxiliary Nurse Midwife), ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist), AWW (Anganwadi Worker). Like soldiers on the front line, these three figures are the last line of defense between disease and good health for most of India.

002272   Bahuguna H S;Rajwar G S (Botany Dep, Govt. P.G. College, Augusyamuni, District-Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand) : Carbon sequestration potential of the dominant tree species along altitudinal gradient in the forests of Garhwal Himalaya. J Mount Res 2015, 10(Dec), 1-5.

Carbon sequestration potential of dominant tree species along an altitudinal gradient of 600 to 2300 m amsl in forests of Garhwal Himalaya was carried out during the period of 2009 to 2012. Shorea robusta was found to be dominant at lower region (600 to 1200m), Quercus leucotrichophora at middle region (1200 to 1800m) and Pinus roxburghii at higher region (1800 to 2300m). Annual increment of the biomass for the main axis of the selected tree species was calculated and a 50% value of the annually increased biomass was taken as carbon. The present study showed the dominance of Pinust roxburghii in terms of carbon sequestration (1.20 t ha^{-1 yr-1) followed by Quercus leucotrichophora (1.15 t ha-1 yr-1) and Shorea robusta (0.77 t ha-1 yr-1). The present study indicates the importance and thus the protection of the Pinus forests in terms of their role as an efficient natural scrubber of atmospheric carbon dioxide which becomes essential to neutralize the radiative forcing of the increased environmental concentration of carbon dioxide and thus to reduce the global warming.}

1 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

002271   Badasa S;Bufebo T (College of Natural and Computational Science, Adigrat Univ, Adigrat, Ehiopia, Email: shibobix@gmail.com) : Indigenous knowledge of traditional medicinal plants against sexual transmits diseases. Int J Pharmac 2016, 3(3), 109-14.

Sexually transmitted diseases are serious problem concerned with health, social and economic challenges in world especially in Africa. Rural patients are more dependent on folk medicinal healers for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases. Rural people depend on traditional medicinal plants because of lack of access to modern medical facilities and hesitancy to relate this form of illnesses in front of unknown doctors. These medicinal plants have been used for the treatment of many sexual transmitted diseases without any scientific evidence. Since the traditional healer usually resides in the same village or in an adjoining area, the patient is more comfortable in seeking them for treatment.At present, there is more emphasis on determining the scientific evidence and rationalization of the use of these preparations. Taking into account the large number and structural diversity of current available plant constituents, the plant kingdom remains an exciting source for new antiviral and anti bacteria agents.

1 table, 45 ref

002270   Arora S;Arora S;Tamang E L;Kapoor P (NO, , ) : Comparison of measurement accuracy of aneroid, digital, and mercury sphygmomanometer. J Nur Sci Pract 2016, 6(2), 28-32.

The aim of this study was to compare measurement accuracy of both Digital sphygmomanometer and Aneroid sphygmomanometer with Mercury sphygmomanometer (gold standard). The objectives of the study were to evaluate agreement between the measurements of Aneroid and Digital sphygmomanometer with the measurement of Mercury sphygmomanometer; and to evaluate the diagnostic utility of Aneroid and Digital sphygmomanometer. This study was conducted on 108 nursing students by using quantitative approach. The blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded by Mercury, Aneroid and Digital sphygmomanometers with time interval of 5 min and the observations were recorded in BP recording sheet. Statistical analysis showed positive correlation and good agreement (0 to 12/ -10 to 2) between Aneroid and Mercury Sphygmomanometer but Digital sphygmomanometer measurements (-14 to 2 / -2 to 2) showed poor agreement with Mercury sphygmomanometer. The Aneroid sphygmomanometer was found to have high sensitivity (50.0%) than Digital sphygmomanometer with sensitivity (11.1%) which was comparatively low. Use of Aneroid sphygmomanometer can be considered as an effective practice for measurement of BP than Digital sphygmomanometer as shown by its positive correlation and diagnostic utility with Mercury sphygmomanometer.

002269   Antil R;Priyanka;Dahiya P;Singh N (Botany Dep, Maharshi Dayanand Univ, Rohtak-124 001, Email: pushpa.dahiya@hotmail.com) : Phytochemical and antibacterial potential of acetone leaf extract of Acacia concinna (Willd.) DC.. Int J Pharmac 2016, 3(3), 161-6.

The present study was aimed to find out the antimicrobial potential of acetone extract of Acacia concinna leaf against five different bacterial strains at 100 and 200mg/ml concentrations. The disc diffusion assay was performed to access the antimicrobial potential of the extract. The agar plate containing a bacterial culture was divided into 4 zones and each zone was independently impregnated with four sterile filter paper discs (6mm in diameter) containing (10μl of each concentration) distill water (Negative control), ampicillin (Positive control); Acacia Concinna leaf extract (100mg/ml and 200mg/ml as Test). Zone of inhibition and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for test drug was evaluated to access the antimicrobial potency. The phytochemical analysis shows the presence of alkaloids, tannins and glycosides that might be responsible for the aimed biological activities. Out of five bacterial strains, the test drug exhibit zone of inhibition against Mycobacterium smegmatis and Bacillus subtalis in concentration dependent manner. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of test drug against Mycobacterium smegmtis and Bacillus subtilis, was found to be 2.5 (mg/ml) and 1.25 (mg/ml) respectively. The basis of above findings suggests the need for further future perspective works on the plant extract of Acacia Concinna which might be very useful as it seems to be a potential source for arresting the growth and metabolic activities of strains like Mycobacterium smegmtis and Bacillus subtilis.

1 illus, 3 tables, 39 ref

001249   Yadav R B;Ajay Kumar;Singh L J;Verma S K (Botany Dep, Janta Mahavidyalaya, Ajitmal, Auraiya-206 121, Email: rbyadavjmv@gmail.com) : Ethnomedicinal weed species of Auraiya district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 227-32.

The present study deals with the medicinal potential of 37 weed species belonging to 33 genera and 21 families. Ethnobotanical survey was carried out in Auraiya District, Uttar Pradesh during 2011-2014 for identification and documentation of medicinal weeds and for collection of information on these plants from the local peoples. The villagers use large number of medicinal weed species for treatment of different diseases. In addition, direct survey was conducted to document local conservation status of medicinally important weeds. The data presented here include their botanical name with authority followed by family name, vernacular name, part(s) used, availability period and medicinal uses. This work would be beneficial for the enrichment of Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) project at district level.

1 table, 29 ref

001248   Vinze H (NO, , ) : Bhringraj: a kesharaaja par excellence shweta bhringraj (Eclipta alba). J Natn Integrat Med Ass 2016, 58(3), 12.

25 ref

001247   Usha Rani K;Chaya P;Reddy P R (Botany Dep, Pingle Government College for Women, Waddepally, Warangal-506 370, Email: usharanikur31@gmail.com) : Floral source of Apis dorsata honeys from Khammam district, Telangana, South India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 249-52.

Pollen characterization of five squeezed honey samples of Apis dorsata collected during December 2013 from Kamepalli, Karepalli and Yellandu mandals of Khammam district, Telangana has been carried out. Four samples were found to be unifloral and one multifloral. Prosopis juliflora, Ocimum basilicum and Capsicum frutescens constitute the predominant pollen types in the unifloral honeys. The other significant pollen types recorded include Sphaeranthus indicus, Asteracantha longifolia, Chenopodium album, Vernonia cinerea, Cyanotis sp, Abutilon indicum, Commelina benghalensis, Albizia lebbeck, Celosia argentea, Polygonum glabram, Coccinia grandis, Rungia repens, Spinacia oleracea, Justicia procumbens and Hyptis suaveolens. The flora recorded was dominated by herbaceous taxa.

1 illus, 1 table, 14 ref

001246   Tiwari A P;Khanna K K;Dubey P C (Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, 10 Chatham lines, Allahabad-211 002, Email: arjuntiwari2007@gmail.com) : Angiospermic diversity of Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary, Madhya Pradesh, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 139-51.

A list of angiospermic plants occurring in Gandhi Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary has been presented in the paper. Extensive collections were made in the area during different seasons from 2013 to 2014, and their subsequent identifications have revealed the occurrence of 502 species of angiosperms under 321 genera and 85 families in the sanctuary. Enumeration of each species along with the details of analysis of status of families, genera and species, dominant families, dominant genera, life forms and rare plants have been provided in the paper.

2 illus, 1 table, 30 ref

001245   Sudhakar P;Kavitha D;Reddy P R (Plant Anatomy & Taxonomy Laboratory, Botany Dep, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: prreddybotany7@gmail.com) : Leaf and petiole anatomy of Acalypha alnifolia Klein ex Willd. Geophytology 2016, 46(1), 51-5.

Acalypha alnifolia Klein ex Willd. is a small shrub belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae that finds its importance as a medicinal plant. Present study is aimed to characterize the macroscopic and microscopic features of the leaf and petiole of Acalypha alnifolia Klein ex Willd. The study shows that leaf of Acalyphaalnifolia Klein ex Willd. is amphistomatic with paracytic and anisocytic stomata. Also, unicellular and uniseriate macroform conical hairs occur on the leaves. In transverse section,the leaf is ribbed on either sides at midvein. Mesophyll is interspersed with sphaerocrystalliferous idioblasts. Palisade extends into midvein. Petiole in transverse section is broadly oval and epidermis is having sphaerocrystaliferous idioblasts. The powder microscopic characters are also presented in this study. Overall, the salient features of the leaf and petiole presented are diagnostic for the plant.

6 ref

001244   Srivastava A;Sharma S (Botany Dep, DG(PG) College, Civil Lines, Kanpur-208 001, Email: alka.srivastava72@gmail.com) : Pollen morphology of some cultivated cucurbits of Ganga plain. Geophytology 2016, 46(1), 15-23.

Pollen morphology of 8 species belonging to 7 genera of the family Cucurbitaceae has been studied under light and scanning electron microscope. Taxa under study show marked variations in their palynomorphs. Pollen grains of Cucurbita pepo are pantoporate, having pores spread all over the surface of pollen whereas pollen of Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus are trizonoporate. Pollen grains of other studied genera are found to be trizonocolporate. Pollen size falls in the category of large sized spores (Sporae Magnae, MA) except Coccinia cordifolia where pollen grains are medium sized (Sporae Mediae, ME). Pollen shape also varies from euoblate, to euprolate with all intermediate shapes. Amb (polar outline) is circular to slightly triangular, equatorial outline elliptical. Exine with two distinct layers sexine and nexine is clearly demarcable and found to be tegillate and integillate both.

2 tables, 22 ref

001243   Singh V P;Shivanna M;Singh B D;Singh A (NO, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 Univ Road, Lucknow-226 007, Email: vikramchauhan09@rediffmail.com) : Petrigraphic characterization and depositional conditions of Surkha lignite from Saurashtra basin, Western India. Geophytology 2016, 46(1), 75-88.

A petrographic study has been carried out on Surkha lignite deposits (early Eocene) of Gujarat state to determine the maceral composition and to infer the depositional conditions. The quantitative petrographic analysis shows that there is dominance of huminite group of macerals over the liptinite and inertinite groups. Telohuminite (structured) and detrohuminite (detritus) submacerals mainly represent the huminite group of macerals. Ulminite dominates amongst the telohuminite macerals, while attrinite and densinite contribute to detrohuminite. The huminite reflectance values (R.: 0.27-0.34%) indicate that the lignites are less mature and have reached up to the lignitic stage of coalification. Gelification and tissue preservation indices of lignites suggest that the precursor peat was generated mainly in the upper deltaic regime. Further, extrapolation of ground water and vegetation indices suggests that peat precursors of Surkha lignite were accumulated under mesotrophic to the rheotrophic hydrological regime. The studied lignite is comparable to the Khadsaliya lignite of the Saurashtra Basin in having similarities in overall petrographic characteristics and depositional conditions of lignites.

6 illus, 2 tables, 43 ref

001242   Singh S K;Shashi Kumar (Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong-793 003, Email: sksbsinc@rediffmail.com) : Lejeunea exilis (Marchantiophyta)-new to bryflora of North-East India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 265-8.

Lejeunea exilis (Reinw. et al.) Grolle has been recorded for the first time from the Himalayan region in general and East Himalayan bryo-geographical territory in particular, earlier reported from Kerala, South India only. The same have been described and illustrated here.

2 illus, 9 ref

001241   Singh R K;Garg A (Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, 10 Chatham Lines, Allahabad-211 002, Email: rksbsiadsingh@yahoo.co.in) : Solanum diphyllum L. (Solanaceae)-a new record for Northern India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 253-6.

Solanum diphyllum L., a Central American species, is reported here from northern India for the first time from West Champaran district of Bihar, Koriya district of Chhattisgarh, Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh and Allahabad, Gorakhpur and Varanasi districts of Uttar Pradesh and its introduction in India is discussed. Detailed description and photographs are provided for easy identification of the species.

7 ref

001240   Singh P;Singh K P;Bhatt A B (Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Allahabad-211 002, Email: pushpisingh08@gmail.com) : Lichen genus Lecanora Ach. (lichenized ascomycota) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 127-38.

The paper records the occurrence of 19 species of Lecanora from Arunachal Pradesh and part of the Himalaya biodiversity hotspot region in north-eastern India. Of these, Lecanora subjaponica L. Lii & H. Y. Wang is a new record for India and 13 species marked with an asterisk (*) are new reports for the state of Arunachal Pradesh. A key to the species and distinguishing characters are provided to facilitate the identification of species.

1 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref

001239   Singh P;Singh K P (Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Allahabad-211 002, Email: pushpisingh08@gmail.com) : Additional lichen records of Graphidaceae for Manipur, Meghalaya and Nagaland, North-East India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 181-94.

The paper reports thirty-eight new distribution records of graphidoid lichens, based on the collections made from Manipur, Meghalaya and Nagaland in North-East India. Two species, viz. Graphis crassilabra and G. pavoniana marked by an asterisk are new records for India and briefly described along with their photographs to facilitate their identification while remaining 36 species are enumerated by their distinguishing characters and habit photographs. Platygramme wattlana (Mull. Arg.) V. Tewari & Upreti is synonymized with Platygrammepudica (Mont. & Bosch) M. Nakan. & Kashiw.

1 illus, 24 ref

001238   Shendage V M;Manik S R (Botany Dep, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Palus-416 310, Email: shendagevmp01@gmail.com) : Fossil flora from gollapalli formation (early cretaceous) of errayagudem in West Godavari district, Andhra Predesh, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 121-6.

Upper Gondwana sediments are exposed in patches all along the east coast of India. Floristic elements were collected from the Gollapalli Formation (Early Cretaceous) encountered at Errayagudem in West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. The present paper deals with morphology and taxonomy of plant fossils collected from Errayagudem. The flora includes members of pteridophytes and gymnosperms.

1 illus, 16 ref

001237   Sharma V (Botany Dep, S.M.P. Govt. Girls P.G. College, Meerut) : Studies on pharmacognostic features of populat varieties of Withania somnifera (L) dunal cultivated as indigenous drug in India. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 81-4.

In present investigation some salient pharmacognostic features of Rakshita (WS-10) and Jawahar Asgandh (WS-20) Varieties of Withania somnifera has been studied. It has been observed that there are some macroscopic and microscopic diagnostic features of these popular varieties which can be used as distinctive points for proper identification. These features would ascertain the detection of those cheap drugs which are used as adulterant or substitute in Ayurvedic formulations and are easily available in the market but have no effective medicinal properties.

4 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

001236   Sharma B D;Bohra D R;Suthar O P;Harsh R (NO, , Kath Mandi, Narnaul-123 001, Email: bdsharma14@yahoo.in) : Additional studies on Polysiphonia like red alga from non-marine Mesozoic cherts of Rajmahal hills, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 245-8.

Additional information is given on Polysiphonia like red alga described earlier from the Nipania locality in the Rajmahal Hills, Jharkhand, India. Filaments are straight or twisted, narrow (3-4 cells) or wide (8-10 cells) and each is enclosed by closely appressed 2-4 rows of narrow, aseptate tubular cells which may or may not have spiny outgrowths. Rows of tetrasporangia like bodies are present in pericentral siphonous cells. The central rows of cells are rectangular, squarish or little irregular in shape. In association of filaments are present many non-ciliated spores.

11 ref

001235   Seth R;Kendurkar S V (Post Graduate of Botany Dep, Fergusson College, Pune-411 004, Email: sv.kendurkar@ncl.res.in) : Biochemical changes in commercial cultivars of tomato under In vitro salinity stress. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 119-22.

Salt induced biochemical changes were studied on proline, total proteins, free amino acids and chlorophyll content in the seedlings of five commercial cultivars of tomato (Abhinav and Rohini-tolerant; TO 1389 and N2535-moderaltey tolerant and Naina-sensitive). Seeds were germinated in vitro on half strength Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing graded concentration of NaCl (0 to 100 mM). Non-saline medium served as control. Proline enhanced as a consequence of salt stress both in shoot and root of tomato seedling. Accumulation of proline was 15 folds in the shoots of Abhinav at 100 mM NaCl (maximum stress) and 2.6 folds in Naina at 60 mM NaCl (maximum stress). Free amino acids and total proteins increased more in shoots as compared to roots. Better chlorophyll stability in the tolerant cultivars supported their greater capability to withstand salinity stress.

2 tables, 16 ref

001234   Sadale A N;Karadge B A (Botany Dep, Ajara Mahavidyalaya, Ajara, Dist. Kolhapur-416 505) : Allelopathic effect of Duranta plumeiria (Jacq) on growth parameters and mineral nutrition of Sorghum vulgare (Pears). Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 129-33.

The allelopathic effects of aqueous and alcoholic leaves extracts of Dumnta plumeiria (Jacq) on growth parameters and mineral nutrition in two varieties of Sorghum vulgare (Pears) were studied in a pot culture experiment. One month old seedlings of S. vulgare were treated with increasing concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1.0%) of both the extracts. One month after the treatment these plants were used for analysis of growth parameters and mineral nutrition. The findings revealed that the root length, shoot length and total height of S. vulgare plants were decreased when they were sprayed with the increasing concentration of both the extracts. The decrease in growth parameters was more pronounced in M35-1 variety as compared to CSH-7 and the alcoholic leaf extract has shown more inhibitory effect than the aqueous extract. The Calcium, Zinc and Sodium contents were decreased in both the CSH-7 and M35-1 varieties by these two types of extracts. However, Sodium content in CSH-7 was increased only at higher concentration and Zinc content at lower concentration of aqueous extract. The Potassium content in both the varieties was increased by aqueous extract. Similarly its content was also increased in M35-1 variety but decreased in CSH-7 due to alcoholic extract. The Magnesium content was increased when the plants of both the varieties were sprayed with the aqueous and alcoholic extracts. However, its content in CSH-7 was only decreased at 0.25% aqueous extract and at 0.50% alcoholic extract. Similar to the Magnesium content, the Iron content in both CSH-7 and M35-1 was increased due to both types of extracts. The Phosphorus content in both varieties was decreased due to aqueous extract but it did not show any consistent pattern under alcoholic extract. From these results it is clear that there was much differential response of the tested varieties of Sorghum vulgare to the aqueous and alcoholic leaves extracts of D. plumeiria.

4 tables, 9 ref

001233   Rawat S (Botany Dep, Kumaun Univ, Soban Singh Jeena Campus, Almora-263 601, Email: shobharawat1981@gmail.com) : Diversity, distribution and medicinal importance of lichens in Gwaldam area, Chamoli district, Uttarakhand, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 257-60.

The present study was conducted, for the first time, in temperate Himalayan forests of Gwaldam area in Chamoli district, Garhwal Himalaya, Uttarakhand to understand the effect of altitudinal variation on structure and composition of the vegetation and to record the floristic diversity and medicinal importance of the lichens in the study area. Three altitudinal zones, viz. upper zone (1900-2000 m asl.), middle zone (1700-1800 fn asl.) and lower zone (1500-1600 m asl.) were recognized. Upper zone has 17 species of lichens whereas middle and lower zones have 19 species each. Altogether, 34 lichen species belonging to 20 genera and 11 families were recorded from the area. Of these, 12 lichen species are of medicinal importance. Lichen families Parmeliaceae and Physciaceae dominate the area followed by Cladoniaceae. In the Gwaldam forest, parmelioid and physcioid lichens exhibit their luxuriant growth on coniferous and oak trees together with Alnus and Betula utilis trees. Gwaldam area is hub of ITPB 's SSB training and Guerrilla training. Their training activity directly disturbs the forest resulting in poor number of lichens in the forest.

1 illus, 1 table, 23 ref

001232   Ratnam N V S;Shanmukha Rao S R (Botany Dep, Railway Degree College, Lallaguda, Secunderabad-500 017, Email: vemurisitaratnam@gmail.com) : Leaf venation architecture in some Apiaceae. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 233-8.

Foliar venation architectural characteristics of sixteen species belonging to twelve genera of family Apiaceae have been investigated. The leaves are simple, ternate, pinnately trifoliate, pinnately compound or decompound. The major venation conforms to actinodromous pattern but in Bupleurum, it is parallelodromous. Detailed observations have been made on major and minor venation of the leaves along with marginal ultimate venation, areoles, veinlets and vein terminations. The marginal ultimate venation is mostly fimbriate and the highest vein order resolved is up to 3°-6°. Quantitative parameters like the number of secondary veins, areoles and veinlets per unit area have been analyzed. Several of these features are of diagnostic value and accordingly a key is presented for delimiting the taxa studied.

1 table, 22 ref

001231   Ranjan V;Anant Kumar (NO, Central National Herbarium, Howrah-711 103, Email: ranjanv_alld@rediffmail.com) : Conspectus of family rubiaceae in West Bengal, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 161-74.

The paper deals with an account of 155 taxa including 144 species belonging to 49 genera of the family Rubiaceae in West Bengal.

3 illus, 1 table, 39 ref

001230   Rajaram N;Balakrishnan M (Botany Dep, PSG College of Arts and Sciences, Coimbatore-641 014) : Ethnomedical plants of Velandhavalam and Kovilpalayam area of Coimbatore (DT) Tamil Nadu, India. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 85-8.

This study was undertaken to get knowledge about the medicinal plants of Velandhavalam village in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu for health improvements. The medicinal plants used by rural people had been collected from Velandhavalam and all the informations pertaining to the morphology, phytochemistry and therapeutic uses of these medicinal herbs have been compiled. From the present study it is concluded that the knowledge on traditional herbal therapy is gradually vanishes, hence it is the high time to preserve the precious knowledge on phytoremediation.

9 ref

001229   Rajaram N;Anusuba V (Botany Dep, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-642 109) : Herbal therapy for hypertension and diabetes mellitus practiced by the rural people of Kinathukadavu and Sokkannur of Coimbatore (DT). Tamil Nadu, India. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 107-10.

Herbal remedies have been made as the subject of attention since time immemorial. Exploration of the unknown medicinal plants and uses of the known ones are attempted in various regions of India. As the indigenous Knowledge of the people associated with traditional folk medicinal practices are now fast disappearing in the present survey. An attempt has been made to explore the herbal remediations for hypertension and diabetes practiced by the rural people in Coimbatore, district.

7 ref

001228   Rajaram N;Abinaya G (Botany Dep, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641 014) : Ethnomedicinal practices for gynecological and paediatric problems occur in and around Ettayapuram of Tuticorin (dist.), Tamil Nadu. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 99-101.

The indigeneous medicinal practices have been the subject of attention since time immemorial. Exploration and uses of the under exploited medicinal plants in India, as the indigeneous knowledge of the people associated with traditional ethnopractices is now disappearing fastly. There is an urgent need to study and document this precious knowledge of posterity. In this study, an attempt has been made to enrich knowledge on the medicinal plants used for paediatric and gynecological problems in Ettayapuram, Tuticorin (Pist.) of Tamil Nadu.

7 ref

001227   Quamar M F;Ali S N;Phartiyal B;Morthekai P; Sharma A (NO, Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeobotany, 53 Univ Road, Lucknow-226 007, Email: anupam110367@gmail.com) : Recovery of palynomorphs from the high-altitude cold desert of Ladakh, NW India: an aerobiological perspective. Geophytology 2016, 46(1), 67-73.

Palynomorphs from the air catches samples have been recorded for the first time from the arid landscape of Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir. The study revealed that the pollen of Pinus sp. was the solitary tree taxon recorded from the air catches samples. The recovery of grasses, Caryophyllaceae and Asteraceae pollen shows agrarian activities in the region. The presence of fungal spores in the samples indicates warm and humid climatic conditions that prevail along the humid river valleys in the study area. Though the present record of aerobiota/palynomorphs is of fragmentary nature, nevertheless, this maiden attempt could be helpful in building the database on the distributional pattern of aerobiota in the study area with the aerobiological implication.

1 illus, 37 ref

001226   Pragati (Botany Dep, M.S. College, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, Email: dr.pragatishiwach@yahoo.com) : Ethno-botanical survey of some medicinal plants used by people of district Saharanpur (U.P.). Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 23-5.

Present investigation deals with the ethno-botanical survey of medicinal plants used by people of Saharanpur, The area is rich in flora shows more diverse plant species of medicinal importance. It comprises of number of medicinal plants. But now-a-days a number of valuable plant species are going under endangered condition. Deforestation, shifting cultivation, their misuse as food, fodder and medicines by tribal and local peoples, a number of plants become threatened, it is urgent need to indentify these plants and conserve them into natural habit. Therefore, systematic survey and study is important. During survey work 70 medicinal plants were identified and studied for medicinal value with the help of literature and local information.

1 table, 8 ref

001225   Prabhakar R;Ramakrishna H;Kailas J G (Palaeobotany & Palynology Research Laboratory, Botany Dep, Univ College of Science, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: hrkpaleobot@gmail.com) : Palynodiversity in dyspepsia (indigestion) curing taxa of tribal areas in Adilabad district of Telangana state, India. Geophytology 2016, 46(1), 43-9.

Dyspepsia (Indigestion) is a disease is common to the local tribes such as Gonds, Kolam, Koya, Thoties, Lambada, Naikapods, Pardhans, Manne and Yerukalas inhabiting Adilabad District. The ethnic tribes have been widely using different ethnomedicinally important plants like Aegle marmelos, Artemesia vulgaris, Asparagus racemosus, Cassia fistula, Diospyros melanoxylon, Leonotis nepetaefolia, Manihot esculenta, Murray a koenigii, Ocimum tenuiflorum, Emblica officinalis, Piper longum, Plectranthes barbatus, Pongamiapimata, Psidium guajava, Punica granetum and Tectona grandis belonging to the families Rutaceae, Asteraceae, Liliaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Ebenaceae, Lamiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Piperaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Punicaceae and Verbenaceae families to cure this disorder. The pollen of these ethnomedicinally important plants have diversity-of apertural characters viz.,tricolporate, trizonocolporate, monosulcate, tricolpate, inaperturate, hexazonocolpate, pentacolpate, hexacolpate, syncolpate, and diversity of sculpture viz., psilate, scabrate, microreticulate, reticulate, gammate and very faintly reticulate, besides variation in symmetry, shape and polarity. These variations in the pollen morphology of the aforesaid plants are useful in the identification and confirmation of various plants in curing the diseases by the tribal communities of Adilabad District.

4 illus, 2 tables, 8 ref

001224   Prabhakar R;Ramakrishna H;Devender R; Seetharam D S (Palaeobotany and Palynology Research Lab., Botany Dep, College of Science Univ, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: prabhakar.ratha@gmail.com) : Pollen diversity of medicinal plants used to prevent dermal diseases to the tribes of Adilabad district, Telangana state, India. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 89-97.

In Adilabad district, dermal diseases are common in inhabitant tribes viz., Kolam, Lambada, Gonds, Pardhans, Thoties, Koya, Manne, Naikapods and Yerukalas, etc. These tribes commonly uses 67 important medicinal plants to cure or prevent skin diseases. These medicinal plants show great diversity in pollen morphological characters viz., symmetry, shape, polarity, apertural pattern and sculpture, which helps in the confirmation of the taxonomical identification.

4 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

001223   Mohan A;Misra D R (Botany Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-211 002, Email: anandmn5@gmail.com) : Medicinal use of wetland plants in Allahabad district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 281-4.

The paper presents medicinal uses of wetland plants from the northern part of Allahabad district, Uttar Pradesh. Plants belonging to 17 medicinally important species of angiosperms were collected from four wetlands of this region, viz. 1. Malaka-Harhar Wetland, 2. Basupur-Handia Wetland, 3. Varuna-Phulpur Wetland and 4. Mahila Gram Inter College Wetland, during 2008-2011. Botanical and local names and medicinal uses of these species are provided here. Some important medicinal plant species are Ranunculus sceleratus, Cyperus rotundus, Eclipta pro strata, Ipomoea aquatica, Xanthium indicum, etc.

1 illus, 6 ref

001222   Layek U;Karmakar P (Botany & Forestry Dep, Vidyasagar Univ, Midnapore-721 102, Email: karmakar_p@yahoo.co.in) : Bee plants used as nectar sources by Apis florea Fabricius in Bankura and Paschim Medinipur districts, West Bengal. Geophytology 2016, 46(1), 1-14.

Ninety four plant species belonging to 40 families were identified through pollen analyses of 57 honey samples of Apis florea as well as from field observations in Bankura and Paschim Medinipur districts, West Bengal. Fabaceae had the highest representation in number of plant species (16 taxa), followed by Asteraceae (10 taxa), Cucurbitaceae (6 taxa), Myrtaceae (5 taxa) and Rutaceae (5 taxa). Out of 57 honey samples 22 were identified as unifloral. Among the unifloral honey samples 3 were of Borassus flabellifer type, 5 were Brassica ra'gratype, 1 was Brideliaretusa type, 1 was Butea monosperma type, 6 were Eucalyptus globulus type, 1 was Lannea coromandelica type and 5 were of Terminalia arjuna type. Other secondary pollen types were Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia nilotica, Anthocephalus cadamba, Citrus lemon, Cocos nucifera, Coriandrum sativum, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Phoenix sylvestris, Semecarpus anacardium, Sesamum indicum, Syzygium reticulatum, Trianthema portulacastrum, Tridax procumbens and Ziziphus mauritiana. The number of foraged plants for the bee species was maximum 25 during February and minimum 8 during October.

4 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

001221   Lal M;Dutta S;Bhattacharyya P R (Medicinal, Aromatic and Economic Plant Div, CSIR North-East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat-785 006, Email: drmohanlal80@gmail.com) : Development of a new superior variety ((Jor lab C-5) of Java citronella with characteristics of stable and high oil yield. Ann Biol 2016, 32(1), 22-3.

Java citronella (Cymhopogpn winterianus Jowitt.) is a main source of citronellal and geraniol. At present the available variety contains an average 0.8 to 0.9% of essential oil. We have selected a superior clone Jor Lab C-5 from EMS mutant progeny. On the basis of four locations data, it gave higher oil yield up to 1.2% and citronellal content up to 35%. This variety is 33% better for oil yield in comparison to the checks.

1 table, 7 ref

001220   Lal M;Dutta S;Bhattacharyya P R (Medicinal, Aromatic and Economic Plant Div, CSIR North-East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat-785 006, Email: drmohanlal80@gmail.com) : Development of a high yielding variety, Jor Lab L-8 of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus L.). Ann Agri Bio Res 2016, 21(1), 22-3.

A new and distinct high essential oil and high herbage yielding variety of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus L.) was developed named Jor Lab L-8. The total oil per cent in Jor Lab L-8 was in 1 and total herbage yield (t/ha/year) was 30.32. This novel variety Jor Lab L-8 of lemongrass is a selection from the germplasm gene bank of the institute. This variety is propagated through vegetative means using the slips and is stable for commercial cultivation.

2 tables, 4 ref

001219   Lakshmi J N;Reddy S K (Cytogeentics, Tissue Culture and Molecular Biology Lab., Botany Dep, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-7, Telangana, Email: skreddybot@gmail.com) : Seed germination and in vitro tuberization in Gloriosa superba L.. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 39-41.

Gloriosa superba L., a member of the Liliaceae family, is very important medicinal plant. Seeds and tubers of the plant contain commercially important alkaloid-colchicine. The germinated seeds were transferred into corm producing media containing BAP, GA₃ and NAA..One globular bulb-like structure developed at the base of shoot and the explants which ultimately turned into tubers. In vitro tuberization was achieved after four weeks. The regenerated plantlets were hardened and subsequently transferred to field. The present study is undertaken to investigate an efficient protocol for seed germination as well as In vitro tuberization in the regenerated micro tubers of this threatened plant.

1 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

001218   Kusuma M V;Lakshmana D;Malaghan S (Plantation Spices Dep, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, College of Horticulture, Mudigerer, Chikmangalur (Dist), Karnataka) : Effect of integrated nutrient management on essential oil content and yield in Davana (Artemisia pallens Wall.). Envir Ecol 2015, 33(3A), 1358-60.

An experiment was conducted during 2011 -12 to study the effect of integrated nutrient management (INM) on essential oil and yield in davana (Artemisia pollens Wall.)- The essential oil content in leaves, inflorescence and oil yield per ha of davana differed significantly among the treatments. Application of 50% recommended dose of fertilizers through inorganic form + vermicompost 25 t/ha +Azospirillam 2 kg/ha + PSB 2 kg/ha (T₁₂) recorded maximum essential oil content in leaves (0.198%), inflorescence (0.346%) and essential oil yield per ha (15.04 kg/ha^{-1). The plant provided with 75% RDF + Azospirillum 2 kg ha-1 (T₅) also recorded maximum oil yield per ha (15.03 kg ha-1) which was at par with T₁₂ (15.04 kg ha-1).}

1 table, 8 ref

001217   Kundu A;Bhattacharjee A;Ray M B (Botany Dep, UGC Center for Advanced Study. The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan-713 104, Email: alokebc@yahoo.co.in) : Herbal manipulation of seed invigoration of two low vigor crop species. Envir Ecol 2015, 33(3A), 1370-3.

An experiment was done to analyze the efficiency of leaf extracts of Vitex negundo and rhi-zome extract of Curcuma ainada on sunflower (Heliantlius annuus) and maize (Zea mays) seeds. Some physiological and biochemical parameters were analyzed which were considered as reliable indices for evaluation of vigor status of crop seeds. The seeds treated with Vitex leaf extract and Curcuma rhizome extract was found to improve the germinability (recorded in terms of percent and T₅₀ values of germination) over control in both the seed lots. The promising effects of the herbal agents were also established by measuring the treatment-induced enhanced seedling dry weight. This was associated with leaching of soluble carbohydrates, electrolytes as well as soluble nitrogen which were significantly reduced in treated samples. Seed invigoration action of the herbal ex-tracts was also established by the treatment-induced comparative higher levels of nucleic acids and dehy-drogenase activity.

3 tables, 18 ref

001216   Khatoon A;Mohapatra A;Satapathy K B (P.G. Dep of Botany, Utkal Univ, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar-751 004, Email: kbsbotuu@gmail.com) : Evaluation of In-vitro antfungal activities of Melia azedarach L. bark. Int J pharm Sci Res 2016, 7(1), 331-5.

The present investigation was attempted in order to evaluate the antifungal potential of successively extracted n-hexane and methanolic extracts of Melia azedarach L. bark. The fungi-toxic efficacy of the extracts were tested against both yeast like fungi [Candida albicans (MTCC-3017), Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, Cryptococcus marinus (MTCC-1029)] as well as mycellial like fungi such as Aspergillus niger (MTCC-9933) and Rhizopus oryzae employing well diffusion and poison food method respectively. The study revealed that n-hexane extract exhibited high inhibition against Candida krusei, whereas Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis showed no response and Cryptococcus marinus responded moderately. The methanolic extract showed high inhibition against Candida krusei, whereas Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis showed no response and moderate effect against Cryptococcus marinus. The n-hexane and methanolic extracts of this plant showed better zone of restriction against Rhizopus oryzae than Aspergillus niger. Fluconazole and clotrimazole was taken as reference antifungal. The result clearly indicated that bark of Melia azedarach L. contains phytochemicals which are responsible for inhibition of fungal growth and manifestation.

36 ref

001215   Khanna K K (Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, 10 Chatham Lines, Allahabad-211 002, Email: krishna_khanna1@rediffmail.com) : Phytodiversity (pteridophytes and angiosperms) of Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary, Gonda district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 239-44.

The paper deals with an account of pteridophytic and angiospermic plants occurring in Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary in Gonda district, Uttar Pradesh. The study has indicated that a total of 215 species belonging to 155 genera and 60 families are found in the sanctuary. Of these, 3 species under 3 genera and 3 families belong to pteridophytes whereas 212 species under 152 genera and 57 families belong to angiosperms. An analysis has further indicated that Poaceae is the most dominant family in the area. Moreover, 9 species are rare in the sanctuary.

1 illus, 1 ref

001214   Kavitha D;Sudhakar P;Reddy P R (Botany Dep, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: kavitha.duggi@gmail.com) : Pharmacognostic studies on seed of Cullen corylifolium (L.) Medik.. Geophytology 2015, 45(2), 277-80.

Cullen corylifolium (L.) Medik. is a herbaceous weed belonging to the family Fabaceae. The seeds are used in treatment of leucoderma, ulcers, scabies and leprosy. Present paper includes anatomical, powder microscopic and organoleptic characters of the seed. In T.S., seed consists of exotesta and testa. Exotesta is made of outer tanniniferous zone, middle aerenchymatous zone and inner zone. Testa is made up of 1 -layered malphigian palisade tissue followed by a layer of hour glass cells. The inner epidermis is 1-layered. The cotyledonary tissue is extensive and contents densely filled with oil glands and starch garins.

7 ref

001213   Kalita R (Botany Dep, THB College, Karchantola, Sonitpur, Assam, Email: rupa.kalita1@gmail.com) : Common timber yielding trees of Sonitpur district, Assam, India. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 103-5.

Wood is an amazingly versatile material, which can be put to thousands of different uses. As well as being burned for fuel, timber is also used in buildings and to make furniture and tools. Hardwoods, such as teak and mahogany, are prized for their beautiful grain and toughness. Fast-growing softwoods, such as pine, are used mainly for making wood pulp for paper. The present study was conducted in the Sonitpur District of Assam, India to document the information related to the timber yielding trees used by the people of the area. The paper focus on fourteen species of timber yielding trees from sixteen genera belonging to fifteen families occurring in different parts of Sonitpur district which are commonly used to yield timber.

1 table, 5 ref

001212   Gunasekaran M;Balasubramanian P (NO, Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatty, Coimbatore-641 108, Email: cycasguna@gmail.com) : Sthalavrikshas (temple trees): the indicator species for remnant flora of Tamil Nadu, India. Geophytology 2016, 46(1), 25-32.

Plant worship has been an important anthropological activity since pre-historic period. This practice invariably found throughout the world and in India is attested from Indus valley civilization period. Culturally rich Tamil Nadu followed this customary practice with religious faiths and customs. One such religious worship is known as sthalavriksha (sthal: locality, vriksha: tree) in temples. A very few field studies were conducted on sthalavriksha practice and its role on social, ecological and environmental impacts, in particular geographical distribution of ancient flora was unexplored. Sthalavriksha acts as an indicator species of local flora of that time. Present study aims to explore the remnant flora of Tamil Nadu. Survey of 1165 temples in the state revealed presence of 112 sthalavriksha species. During the study, several interesting facts on the past distribution of sthalavriksha species were recorded.

2 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

001211   Geeta;Singh P K (Botany Dep, Jamshedpur Women's College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, Email: geeta.mishrajsr@gmail.com) : Stress adaptation in Tridex procumbens induced by cell tower electromagnetic exposure. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(1), 63-5.

The stress expression in plants is usually in Biochemical form. The metabolic activities get distorted due to exposure of plants to Electromagnetic frequencies. But the intrinsic nature of living being is to tolerate such induced stress upto certain level. Beyond that threshold plants get adapted with various alternate modification in their biochemical pathways. This response leads to great loss when the exposure limit is crossed and it is observed in the form of biochemical degradation. Chlorophyll molecules being the active components of chloroplast in plants cells are the worst hit by such Electromagnetic frequencies. This drove the purpose of this study which is to evaluate the variation in chlorophyll content in Tridex procumbent growing at various distances from cell tower which continuously emit the EMF from the antennae. As the distance from cell tower is inversely proportional to the intensity of energy liberated. The observation revealed drastic change in the density of total chlorophyll at various distances. This experimental investigation indicated that by reducing the metabolic activities plants sustained successfully for a longer period of time due to adaptability against stress.

1 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref