024470   Sushma Rani;Angrish R;Goyal S C (Botany and Physiology Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004) : Comparative phytoremediation potential of Portulaca oleracea, Trianthema portulacastrum and Aerva tomentosa with Parkinsonia aculeata and Prosopis juliflora. Ann Agri Bio Res 2013, 18(2), 119-23.

Five plant species native to saline areas of north-west India were compared with their salt hyper accumulation potential. These were grown in leak proof polythene begs under controls (S₀), 8 dS/m (S₁) and 16 dS/m (S₂) salinity. It was observed that the plant height, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, water content and ion contents increased with increasing salinity from controls to 16 dS/m in Portulaca oleracea, Trianthema portulacastrum and Aerva tomentosa but declined in Parkinsonia aculeata and Prosopis juliflora. It concluded that the P. oleracea, T. portulacastrum and A. tomentosa were hyper accumulators and used for the removal of salinity.

9 tables, 16 ref

024469   Sreenivas V K;Fraser-Jenkins C R; Madhusoodanan P V (Botany Dep, Sri Vyasa N.S.S. College, Wadakanchery, Thrissur (Dt.)-680 623, Email: sreenivask@gmail.com) : Genus Pteris L. (Pteridaceae) in South India. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 268-308.

Twenty six species, one additional subspecies and one additional cultivar of the genus Pteris occurring in South India are treated, of which 4 taxa are cultivated or locally adventive exotics. Their descriptions, a key to the species, their reported chromosome numbers, taxonomic comments and colour photographs are provided. Of these, P. reptans T.G.Walker had not been recorded before in India until the report by Sreenivas (2011 ined.) and P. arisanensis Tagawa and P. perrottetii Hieron. had not previously been reported from Kerala state. Comments are made - 76 - concerning some of the taxonomically confused species and the conservation status of the species is listed.

27 illus, 102 ref

024468   Singh K D;Mathew B;Rakesh Mohan (Rural Development and Agricultural Production Dep, North-Eastern Hills Univ, Tura Campus, Tura-794 002) : Medicinal plants and its usage among the Meitei community of Manipur-an ethnobotanical study. Indian J Arecanut Spices med Pl 2014, 16(1), 14-21.

15 ref

024467   Shinde A V;Maheshwari J J;Patil S R;Shaik N R;Bansod S C;Raut S M (Botany Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur) : Genetic analysis of yield and yield contributing characters in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). J Soil Crop 2013, 23(1), 106-10.

In the present study genetic analysis of yield and yield components in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) comprises of thirty nine F₁ crosses. These were obtained by crossing three females with thirteen males. These crosses were grown in Randomized complete block design and replicated twice at college of Agriculture, Nagpur during rabi 2011-12. These were used to asses the genetics of yield and yield contributing characters. The analysis of variance for the experimental design showed that, the mean squares due to between families were highly significant for all ten characters days to 50% (lowering, plant height (cm), number of capsules plant, number of branches plant, days to maturity, 1000 seed weight (g), seed yield plant (g), buddy infestation percentage, Alternaria blight percentage, and powdery mildew under study indicating substantial genetic variability. The analysis of variance for sums (Lli+L2i) and differences (Lli - L2i) and estimates of additive (D) and dominace (H1) components indicated that, the mean squares due to sums (Lli + L2i) were significant for all the characters, except plant height. The mean squares due to differences (Lli - L2i) were significant for all the characters except days to maturity and budfly infestation percentage. Additive (D), dominance (H_t) and epistasis components of genetic variation played an important role in the inheritance of characters under study including seed yield. The parents RLC-92, Nagarkot, Mukta and Sheela with high additive genetic variation will be useful for improvement of economic characters and may be utilized in hybridization programme.

5 tables, 9 ref

024466   Sharma B D;Bohra D R;Suthar O P;Harsh R (NO, , Kathmandi, Narnaul-123 001, Email: bdsharma14@yahoo.com) : Anatomy of permineralised pteridophytes from the Indian sub-continent. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 128-37.

Petrifications of extinct pteridophytes are well known from the Upper Gondwana exposure especially from the Rajmahal Hills, Jharkhand, India. Anatomical studies of these ferns and fern allies have provided interesting information about the origin and evolution - 75 - of stelar system and phylogenetic relationship. Systematic study of the petrified specimens includes Lycopodiales, Osmundales, Gleicheniales, Schizaeales, Matoniales and Dicksoniales. The material occurs in form of rhizomes, petioles, roots, sporangia and spores. In the present paper however, anatomy of only vegetative parts is described.

23 illus, 61 ref

024465   Sen A;Sen S;Das P S;Bhattacharya M K (NO, Institutional Biotech Hub, Karimganj College, Karimganj, Assam, Email: ruddhasen@gmail.com) : Tissue culture of Cyclosorus truncatus (Poir.) Farw. a beautiful fern of N.E. India. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 40-6.

Tissue culture of Cyclosorus truncatus (Poir.) Farw., a beautiful terrestrial fern of North East India which has become rare now a days in Barak Valley, Southern Assam due to habitat loss, is reported. A successful protocol was optimized for in vitro propagation of the plant. Tissue culture was done using mature spores and young green sori as explants. Best media was found to be Parker and Thompson's Basic Fern's media (pH-5.6). Sugar was detrimental to the growth of the plant.

2 illus, 3 tables, 19 ref

024464   Scholch A (NO, , Langgewann 22, D-69121 Heidelberg, Germany, Email: annette.schoelch@t-online.de) : Sorus development in Adiantum raddianum C. presl. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 138-53.

This paper deals with a detailed investigation of the sorus development in Adiantum raddianum against the background of the ontogenesis of the sporophyll. During the phase of pinnae laminae formation the sorus is formed on the underside of a recurved pinna lobe subblastozonally very close to the former leaf marginal initials. The first sporangia are initiated before the leaf veins enter the developing receptacle. During the elongational growth of the sorus-bearing pinna lobe, its former marginal blastozone develops a membranous flap as an additional structure. Because its position has nothing in common with a blastozone portion, the membranous flap can only be classified as an appendage. Some results of this study are discussed in an evolutionary context.

24 illus, 30 ref

024463   Purkayastha S D;Bhattacharya M K;Sharma G D (Life Science and Bioinformatics Dep, Assam Univ, Silchar, Assam, Email: sumidaspurkayastha1@gmail.com) : On taxonomic status of Angiopteris Hoffm. with special reference to species occuring in India and Japan. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 206-16.

The genus Angiopteris is known to occur from Madagascar to the Pacific islands and from India and southern Japan to northern Australia. The number of species in this genus is highly debatable, from a single species (Angiopteris evecta) to about 200 poorly defined micro species (Mabberley 1997). Holttum (1978) pointed out that A. evecta (G. Forst) Hoffm, was the first described species from the Society Island of Tahiti and it differs significantly from the Indian, and Asian mainland plants. Fraser-Jenkins (2008, 2009) recognised three distinct species (A. helferiana, A. indica and A palmiformis) in Indian subcontinent.

6 illus, 2 tables, 39 ref

024462   Patra B;Bera S (Botany Dep, Ananda Mohan College, 102/1, Raja Rammohan Sarani Kolkata-700 009, Email: patrabp@yahoo.co.in) : Morphological study of cecidomyiid induced leaf galls in Pyrrosia lanceolata (L.) farwell (polypodiaceae) from Assam, India. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 217-20.

Deals with the structure of Cecidomyiid induced galls on the leaves of Pyrrosia lanceolata. The galls are of two distinct morphological types, globose and horn-shaped. Originally the globose galls are hypophyllous while the horn-shaped galls are epiphyllous in nature. Internally the galls exhibited an outer epidermis, a distorted cortex of loose parenchyma cells and a grooved larval cavity lined with nutritive tissue. Both the gall types lost their palisade-spongy tissue differentiation, the characteristic of leaves - 74 - that support them.

7 illus, 14 ref

024461   Patra B;Bera S (Botany Dep, Ananda Mohan College, Kolkata-700 009, Email: patrabp@yahoo.co.in) : Opportunistic feeding niche of a coccid on the fern Asplenium nidus L. (Aspleniaceae) from Andaman Island, India. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 55-60.

Insect-fern interaction from Andaman Island is described as a rare event of phytophagy by the coccid. The coccid infests the fronds of bird nest fern Asplenium nidus, a common green-house ornamental fern and develops opportunistic feeding niche on the abaxial surface. Coccid densities vary significantly (t = 5.74, p = 0.05) between vegetative and fertile fronds of the fern where fertile fronds supporting higher mean coccid densities (18.46 ± 1.9) than do vegetative fronds (5.97 ± 0.5). In fertile fronds coccids are camouflaged to the sori of the fern to avoid predation. Silvery- white patches on the frond surface corresponding to the position of coccids are recorded suggesting the effect of coccid feeding on the host fern. Tough and lathery fronds of the fern are free of other competitive herbivores.

6 illus, 1 table, 29 ref

024460   Patil S;Masal V P;Dongare M (Botany Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kolhapur, Email: sach2010d@gmail.com) : In search of ethano-medicinal pteridophytes from the Western Ghats of Maharashtra (India). Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 69-77.

Western Ghats of Maharashtra represents the richest zones of vegetation wealth of Western Ghats. Traditional knowledge of utilization of pteridophytes by the Hilly regions of Western Ghats of Maharashtrian peoples was studied. The present paper deals with uses of pteridophytes for the treatment of various diseases by local peoples, Vaidus and tribes in Western Ghats of Maharashtra.

4 ref

024459   Patil S;Hande P;Yadav S;Dongare M (Botany Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kolhapur, Email: pterido_sach2yahoo.co.in) : Isoetes indica Pant & Srivastava: new record for the Western Ghats of India. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 78-82.

During survey of the pteridophytes of the Western Ghats an interesting species Isoetes indica was recorded which has not been reported previously from this region. The observed populations of Isoetes indica are in good condition. However the species is at risk because of habitat destruction by local people and hence it needs conservation.

10 illus, 10 ref

024458   Patil S;Dongare M (Botany Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kolhapur, Email: sach2010d@gmail.com) : Adiantum tenerum Swartz [Adiantaceae-Pteridophyta]: a new distribution record for India. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 115-18.

Adiantum tenerum (Brittle maidenhair) is recorded for the first time - 73 - from the state of Goa. It is a new distributional record for India. The description and illustration is provided.

13 illus, 5 ref

024457   Niranjana M R;Madhusoodanan P V;Prakashkumar R (NO, , Malabar Botanical Garden, Olavanna, Guruvayurappan College, P.O. Calicut-673 014, Email: mr.niranjana@gmail.com) : Pteridophyte flora of Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, South India: a preliminary report. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 119-27.

Extensive studies have been done on the Pteridophyte flora of the Malabar region, of the Western Ghats, but there are still some serious voids, when considering a comprehensive floristic account on the Pteridophytes. The Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary is one such area, where no relevant explorations were made till date. In the current study a preliminary attempt is made to explore and enumerate the fern wealth of Malabar Wildlife Sanctuary in Kerala. A total of 79 ferns have been collected and 6 were of threatened status.

8 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

024456   Nikam S K;Khan S J (NO, Institute of Science, Mumbai 15, Madam Cama Road, Mumbai-40032, Email: sush_nik@rediffmail.com) : Efficacy of growth hormone for callus induction in Calendula officinalis L. J Cell Tissue Res 2014, 14(1), 4153-7.

High demand for plant material from Calendula officinalis L. in the production of herbal medicines and cosmetics, turns the technique of plant tissue culture into one of the alternatives for improvement of crop over short period of time. The present work is based on developing a protocol for the callus induction in Calendula officinalis from leaf and ray floret explants. The sterilized explants were inoculated in MS media containing various combinations of auxins such as naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), indole 3-butyric acid (IBA), 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4 D) and cytokinins such as kinetin, benzylaminopurines (BAP) and TDZ (tidiazuron). The highest rate of callus induction for Calendula leaf explants was achieved on media supplemented with 2,4D (2mg/L) and KIN(5mg/ L) with compact, fast growing, fluorescent green coloured callus. Whereas ray floret explants showed development of best callus growth in dark condition with hormonal combination IAA (0.5mg/L) and TDZ (5mg/L) with compact, brown colored callus. However, Leaf is the most potential explants for callus induction.

8 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

024455   Mini V;Anil Kumar N;Madhusoodanan P V (M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Community Agrobiodiversity Centre, Puthoorvayal P.O., Kalpetta-673 121, Email: miniv08@gmail.com) : Diversity of pteridophytes in Wayanad district, Kerala. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 83-94.

Wayanad district lies between North latitude 11° 26'28" and 11° 48'22" and East longitude 75° 46'38" and 76° 26'11". The present study was carried - 72 - out to understand the Pteridophyte flora of Wayanad district. Field trips were conducted during 2010-2012 for the collection of Pteridophyte specimens and observation of characters. Habit, habitat, morphological characters, etc., were observed in the field itself. A total of 26 families, 67 genera and 152 species of pteridophytes (Ferns and fern allies) were recorded. Ecological nature and economic importance of the collected plants were also noted. The pteridophytes were found in the study areas thrive in various habitats. Most of them are terrestrials, but hydrophytes, lithophytes, epiphytes, rheophytes, xerophyte, wetland/ marshy ferns, etc. were also found. Most of them share more than one habitat. Voucher specimens were prepared using standard techniques and the specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Kalpetta, Wayanad.

12 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

024454   Metha P S;Negi K S;Ojha S N;Rayal A;Verma S K (NO, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Bhowali, Nainital-263 132) : Herbal based traditional practices used by the Bhotias and Gangwal a tribals of the Central Himalayan region of Uttarakhand. Bhartiya Vaigyanik Evam Audyogik Anusandhan Patrika 2013, 21(2), 113-21.

A non-Participant observation method was used to extract the knowledge from the local grass root innovator involved in making such medicines. An interview schedule was also used to record the responses of the local grassroot innovator and other elderly knowledgeable persons. Ethnomedicinal uses of local plants by the natives of Bhotias and Gangwal tribes were also recorded. In this paper, a total of 78 plants belonging to 39 families and 61 genera have been recorded which were used for the treatment of 66 diseases. Out of 78 plants, roots and rhizomes of 26 are used for medicine preparation followed by leaves (20), fruits (03), whole plant/aerial parts (10/04) seeds (07), flowers (07), stem (01), aerial bulbs (01), latex (02), resin (01). About 07 species were commonly used for treating wounds/sores followed by 05 species for treating fever and 05 species for headache, 04 species each for pregnancy problems, sprains, urine problem and cold and cough. Twenty one species were found using for curing more than one ailment while 57 species were reported for single therapeutic application. Twelve species are also used as dyes, spices, condiments, flavouring agent and food items and play a significant role in rural economy of the region. This study is useful in providing basic information for further studies on the documentation and conservation of traditional medicinal system which is very important for economic welfare of rural societies. Now, due to change of socio-economy and culture, the traditional knowledge of these communities is also diminishing. It needs to be preserved before the onslaught of modernization. There is also an urgent need of conservation and resource augmentation of these medicinal plants in their natural habitat as well as their plantation in suitable agro-climatic conditions. Thus, it was concluded that the tribes, Bhotias and Gangwals possess a good knowledge of herbal medicines that are used in practice successfully.

3 tables, 17 ref

024453   Meenakshi S;Sowmya H D;Usharani T R; Vijayalakshmi;Pavithra S;Sukhada M (NO, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessarghatta Lake Post, Bangalore-560 098, Email: sukhada.mohandas@gmail.com) : Efficient regeneration system for a very low profilerating diploid (AB) banana cv elakki bale (synneypoovan). J Cell Tissue Res 2014, 14(1), 4077-82.

Banana cv Elakki Bale (syn NeyPoovan AB) is the most favoured cultivar of Southern India. The cultivar is known for its special taste, aroma and the long keeping quality of its fruits. The demand for planting material of this cultivar is huge and tissue cultured plantlets are not available as the multiplication rate is very low. As the cultivar includes a B genome the multiplication rate is slower when compared to those with A genome. Regeneration through - 71 - meristem culture offers disease free planting materials against banana bunchy top virus, leaf spot disease and panama wilt. Therefore, the present study was taken up to develop regeneration protocol which gives high rate of shoot proliferation. MS medium containing 5 mgl^{-1 BAP, kinetin 1 mgl-1 (B17) was found to be the best in shoot proliferation with a multiplication rate of 4.1 among the different concentrations tested. Multiplication rate increased after 3rd subculture and did not decline even after 7th subcultures as it is a common problem in other varieties of banana. Plants were regenerated and successfully hardened. Somaclonal variation studied in few field grown plants was within the admissible limit.}

3 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

024452   Mayba Gnana Suky T;Catharin Sara S (PG and Research Botany Dep, Holy Cross College, Tiruchirappalli-620 002, Email: sara_rabara@yahoo.com) : Micromorphological studies and quantitative analysis of nucleic acids on PGRS treated in vitro raised gametophytes of Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 103-14.

Pityrogramma calomelanos var calomelanos (L.) Link, plants were collected and their spores were subjected to in vitro culture and gametophytes were raised as monoculture in simple knop's (Kn) and Knudson's (Kc) medium. They were then scrutinized for micro-morphological characteristics up to premature prothalli and early sex organ formation. They were also studied for their response to growth hormones like NAA, 2, 4-D and Kinetin. The morphological changes were studied and cellular DNA were quantified for normal plants and for the effect of growth hormones on these gametophytes. The impact of hormones on the gametophytes were discussed in detail.

11 illus, 2 tables, 27 ref

024451   Lobo S M;Krishnakumar G (Applied Botany Dep, Mangalore Univ, Mangalagangothri-574 199, Email: sonia_mercy@rediffmail.com) : Assessment of nutritive value, mineral elements and antioxidant property of Christella dentata (Forskk.) Brownsey & Jermey and Lygodium flexuosum L.. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 95-102.

Considering the importance of the lesser known edible Pteridophytes the present study was carried out to assess the nutritive value, elemental analysis and antioxidant property of Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy and Lygodium flexuosum L. Moisture content, crude fat, crude fibre, vitamin C, protein, total carbohydrates and starch content were studied in tender fronds on dry weight basis. Nutritive value of Lygodlum flexuosum was higher compared to Christella dentata. Elemental analysis revealed good amount of micro and macronutrient in both the ferns. Total phenolic content and antioxidant property of these edible ferns was studied using aqueous and ethanolic extracts. Total phenolic content of C. dentata aqueous extract and L. flexuosum ethanolic extract was found to be higher. DPPH scavenging activity was found higher in aqueous extract of C. dentata and ethanolic extract of L. flexuosum. Maximum reducing power was recorded in aqueous extract of C. dentata and ethanolic extract of L. flexuosum. Antioxidant properties of both the ferns were found directly proportional to their phenolic content.

2 illus, 2 tables, 31 ref

024450   Kholia B S (NO, Botanical Survey of India, Himalayan Regional Center, Gangtok, Sikkim, Email: bskholia_bsi@yahoo.co.in) : New distribution record of filmy fern Hymenophyllum denticulatum Sw. from Uttarakhand Himalaya. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 154-60.

A herbarium sheet housed in CAL from Milam glacier, collected by Strachey and Winterbottom in 1848 was remained unidentified and overlooked for more than 150 years. Based on diagnostic denticulate segment margins it is identified by the present author as Hymenophyllum denticulatum, on the other hand the species of the Hymenophyllum reported from western part of Himalaya are entire margined. The sheet is also compared and analysed with other serrate and denticulate Indian species for diagnosis. Hymenophyllum denticulatum Sw. is primarily a S. E. Asian species reached up to Assam in north eastern India. Occurrence of this species in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand Himalaya seems to be significant phytogeographically therefore presented in this communication.

6 illus, 56 ref

024449   Ghosh G;Ghosh D C;Melkania U;Majumdar U (Forestry Dep, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Nirjuli-791 109, Email: deghiosh2011@gmail.com) : Traditional medicinal plants used by the Adi, Idu and Khamba tribes of Dehang-Debang Biosphere Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh. Int J Agric Envir Biotechnol 2014, 7(1), 165-71.

Arunachal Pradesh is the largest state in North Eastern India and is a centre of rich biological diversity. It is the home of tribal people belonging to 26 major tribes and over 110 sub-tribes of the Indo-Mongoloid racial stock. The Adis the Idus and Khambas are some of the dominant tribes among them. Most of these communities are ethnically similar but their geographical isolation from each other has brought amongst them certain distinctive characteristics in language, dress, and customs. They use the diverse flora in their daily life. These tribes are well versed with knowledge of edible greens, vegetables, fruits, seeds and other materials. They have good knowledge of treatment of many ailments by the local plants. 55 plant species belonging to 49 genera and 36 families were found used for medicinal purpose by the Adis and the Idus of Dehang-Debang Biosphere Reserve (DDBR). About 93 formulations were prepared from 55 plant species. Some formulations were made from single plant; while others were of more plants and were categorized into different types as per curative properties with which they were associated. These medicinal plants have been used traditionally either by eating them as raw drugs, as vegetable or apply it directly to the affected area. The manner in which the plants are used for the treatment of animal bite, cut, wounds, swellings, skin diseases, dental diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, pain, fever and headache, jaundice, leprosy, cholera, cancer, cough and cold, malaria, ostiological problems and others are presented in this paper.

1 table, 16 ref

024448   Ghadage D M;Kale M V (Botany Dep, Jaysingpur College, Jaysingpur-416 101, Email: manishavkale@gmail.com) : Ethnobotanical studies on Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J.SM. of Sindhudurg district, Maharashtra. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 47-50.

The present paper concerns the phytochemistry & ethnomedicinal value of Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Sm., an epiphytic pteridophyte. This is an important ethno-medicinal - 69 - plant containing the alkaloids and other chemical groups. The extraction of alkaloids from D. quercifolia was done by the cold maceration method in solvent ethanol. Reducing sugar, tannin, proline, saponin and phenols were estimated quantitatively also. The decoction prepared from plant parts is used in typhoid fever and is also used as anthelmintic, pectoral, expectorant, tonic, dyspepsia and astringent.

3 tables, 9 ref

024447   Gaikwad D A;Golliwar V J;Taksande S;Pohokar R;Kamble D (Horticulture Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur) : Effect of IBA on rootstock and time of budding and it's success in rose. J Soil Crop 2013, 23(1), 151-6.

Studies were conducted to observe the effect of IBA on rootstock and time of budding and it's success in rose at Horticulture Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur during, 2011. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Complete Randomized Design (FCRD). Twenty treatment combinations were tested in three replications. The experiment comprised of four levels of IBA viz., control (T₁), 500 ppm IBA (T₂), 1000 ppm IBA (T₃) and 1500 ppm IBA (T₄) and five times of budding i.e. 3rd week of November (B₁), 1" week of December (B₂), 3rd week of December (B₃), 1" week of January (B₄) and 3rd week of January (B₅) and their combitions. It is evident from the results that, the treatment of IBA 1000 ppm was proved to be significantly superior than other levels of IBA and control in respect of days required for budsprouting, budsprouting percentage, height of bud graft, number of leaves budsprout as well as branches budsprout and final budding success. Among different time of budding 1" week of January showed significant effect on days required for budsprouting after budding, budsprouting percentage, number of branches as well as leaves budspout, height of bud graft and final budding success. Interactions were found non-significant in every character studied.

6 tables, 10 ref

024446   Fraser-Jenkins C R (NO, , Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh, Scotland) : Ferns and allies of the far-West Indo-Himalaya (Afghanistan, Pakistan and Kashmir) and Iran- revised cheklists, classification and phytogeography. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 161-91.

Pteridophytes of the far-western Himalaya, from Kashmir to Pakistan, are listed, along with those from Iran, the most easterly part of the European type flora, following many years of study of the area. Phytogeographical aspects are discussed, emphasising the desertic gap barrier between the Sino-Himalayan and European-Mediterranean floras. The classification adopted and its partly indirect relationship to molecular-cladonomic schemes is explained and an outline of the author's previous work on the area is given. Due to dwindling rainfall and phytogeographical considerations, numbers of taxa (species and additional subspecies) drop dramatically going westwards, state-by-state, as follows: Jammu & Kashmir (India) - 184, Pakistan - 157, Afghanistan - 54; mainly European type flora : Iran - 61.

50 ref

024445   Fraser-Jenkins C (NO, , Student Guest House, Thamel, P.O. Box no. 5555, Kathmandu, Nepal, Email: chrisophilus@yahoo.co.uk) : Ferns and allies on the Annapurna base-camp trek, C. Nepal. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 25-39.

024444   Dudani S N;Mahesh M K;SubashChandran M D; Ramachandra T V (Energy and Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: sumesh@ces.iisc.ernet.in) : Fern diversity in the sacred forests of Yana, Uttara Kannada, Central Western Ghats. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 61-8.

Uttara Kannada district in Central Western Ghats has the unique distinction of having the highest forest cover in the country. Ecological research spanning over three decades reveal the presence of about 67 species of ferns and fern-allies. The highest number of pteridophytes species is found in Joida taluk (41 species) followed by Siddapur (30 species), Karwar (25 species) and Kumta (15 species). The semi-evergreen to evergreen forests of Castle rock, Kaiga and Yana and the primeval evergreen forests of Gerusoppa Ghats are the rich pteridophytes diversity locations in the district. Yana located in the foothills of central Western Ghats known for unusual cathedral like towering rock formations is a place of pilgrimage. Forest ecosystems are humid and evergreen and rich in endemic species of flora, especially pteridophytes, which were hitherto unexplored. Field investigations during October-November 2012 in the region led to the documentation of 21 species of ferns. This emphasizes the need for detailed pteridological investigations in the valleys and gorges of central Western Ghats. Fern species of Yana region belong to 17 genera and 15 families and the noteworthy species are - Cyathea gigantea, very rare to be found in Uttara Kannada and are indicators of undisturbed forests. -Bolbitis subcrenatoides and B. semicordata (endemic to south India) and others like Blechnum orientate, Adiantum philippense, Stenochlaena palustris, Pteris pellucida and Dicranopteris linearis were notable in the fern community. The ever increasing anthropogenic pressure in the district, particularly targeting wet and shaded valleys for cultivation, is a big threat to the fragile ecosystems with the sensitive pteridophytes.

10 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

024443   Dubal K N;Ghorpade P N;Kale M V (Botany Dep, Jaysingpur College, Jaysingpur-416 101, Email: gpradnya1@gmail.com) : Preliminary phytochemical analysis in relation to ecology of some terrestrial ferns. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 51-4.

Diplazium esculantum (Retz.) Sw. and Tectaria coadunata (J.Smith) C.Chr. have been studied for photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophylls and carotenoids collected from Patan and adjoining areas under varied microclimatic conditions and their vegetative and reproductive stages.

2 tables, 22 ref

024442   Derzhavina N M (Botany Dep, Orel State Univ, Komsomolskaya 95, Orel-302 026, Russia, Email: d-nm@mail.ru) : Evolutionary restrictions and compensatory adaptations in homosporous ferns. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 255-67.

Evolutionary restrictions and compensatory adaptations in ferns gametophytes and sporophytes are outlined on the basis of an investigation of epilithophytic, epiphytic, and hydrophytic ferns and taking into account the literature data. Many examples of compensatory adaptations have limited character, because they involve a few species and do not ensure full lifting of evolutionary restrictions in ferns.

70 ref

024441   Deepa J;Parashurama T R;Krishanappa M; Nataraja S (Botany and Seed Technology Dep, Sahyadri College, Shimoga, Email: deepabot@gmail.com) : Distribution of pteridophytes in Kigga forest, Central Western Ghats, Karnataka, South India. Indian Fern J 2013, 30(1-2), 18-24.

Thirty one species of Pteridophytes belonging to twenty two families were documented with their Diversity index in Kigga forest of Chikmagalur district located in central Western Ghats. Aleuritopteris anceps (Blanf.) Panigrahi. was the most abundant species and has highest IVI and density. The Shannon's diversity index value (H^{1) 2.81 and Simpson's diversity (D) =0.084 values for pteridophytic species in Kigga forest showed high diversity and species richness.}

1 illus, 2 tables, 27 ref

024440   Bansod S;Patil S;Parshuramkar R;Lole M;Shinde A;Tele R (Botany Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur) : Effect of in vitro drought stress on local collections of mustard. J Soil Crop 2013, 23(1), 169-75.

Study of in vitro drought stress effect through mannitol on local collections of mustard was carried out during 2011-2012 at tissue culture laboratory, Botany Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur with the objective to study the variation in the regeneration ability among the Brassica genotypes under different in vitro drought stress levels and to identify the drought tolerant Brassica genotypes. Axillary bud of 10-15 days old seedling was used as explants and MS media + BAP(2.5 mg I^{-1) + IAA (1.0 mg I-1) + Kinetin (0.5 mg I-1) + Sucrose (2%) + Agar (1%) was used for shoot initiation and 1/2 MS media + IBA (0.01 mg I-1) + Sucrose (2%) + Agar (1%) was used for root initiation. Mannitolat 0, 4,6 and 10% concentration trillion were used in the shoot differentiation media to induce stress condition. The culture condition throughout the experiment was maintained at 25 ± 2 °C and 16 hrs light and 8hrs photoperiod. The shoot of 2 cm length was then transferred for root differentiation. Observations on response to shoot initiation, number of days for shoot initiation, number of shoot bud initiated, number of shoot elongated, shoot length, response to root initiation, number of days for root initiation and root length were recorded on the ten cultures. The mean values of five cultures in two replications were used for statistical analysis in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD). Significant variation for mannitol concentration, Brassica genotypes and mannitol concentration x Brassica genotypes interaction were observed for all the characters related to shoot and root differentiation studied. The regeneration capacity in terms of traits related to shoot and root differentiation were found to decrease with an increase in concentration of mannitol except root length. Regeneration ability was totally inhibited in 10% mannitol concentration which indicated that Brassica genotypes can tolerate stress due to osmoticum only up to 6% concentration. Eight local collections, one drought tolerant donor (RH 819) and promising variety ACN 9 when evaluated for drought tolerance in in vitro condition resulted in the identification of ACNM 10/5 and ACN 9 along with drought tolerant genotype RH 819 to show high regeneration efficiency under in vitro stress condition. Hence, ACNM 10/5, ACN 9 and RH 819 were identified as drought tolerant genotypes from this study.}

9 ref

024439   Bainade P S;Patil S R;Deshmukh S G;Sawanti P V (Botany Dep, College of Agriculture, Nagpur-440 005, Email: pradeeps.bainade@gmail.com) : In vitro regeneration of lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L.) as influenced by mutagen treatment. J Cell Tissue Res 2014, 14(1), 4113-16.

In vitro plant regeneration has been obtained from leaf segments of 10-15 days old seedling, which were used as explant and B₅ basal media +2.0 mg/l NAA + 0.5 mg/l BAP, was used for callus induction and differentiation. The leaf explant of Lathyrus cv. NLK- 40 exhibited 92% response to callusing and it took 30-32 days to produce full grown green compact callus. The fully grown callus then treated with different combinations of EMS as 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0% for 30 and 60 minutes. Out of these treatments the callus growth was observed only in treatments control, 0.1% EMS for 30 and 60 minutes and 0.2% EMS for 30 and 60 minutes. Shoot differentiation ranged from 33.33 to 62.22% and it was found only in treatments control, 0.1% EMS for 30 and 60 minutes within 3-4 weeks. The shoot buds that developed 2-3 cm long were excised and cultured on 1/2 MS basal + 0.01 mg/l IBA which developed roots within 3 weeks.

5 illus, 2 tables, 7 ref

023391   Singh R;Bhumeshkumar;Rathore M;Sharma A R (NO, Directorate of Weed Science Research, Jabalpur-482 004, Email: singhraghu75@gmail.com) : Evaluation of herbicide resistance in different biotypes of Phalaris minor. Curr Sci 2014, 106(8), 1052.

023390   Singh P M;Gupta S;Gazalarizvi (Botany Dep, Institute of Basic Science, Bundelkhand Univ, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh-284 128, Email: sumi786gupta@gmail.com) : Estimation of carotenoid content from eucalyptus leaves. Adv Life Sci 2013, 2(2), 75-6.

Carotenoid estimation of healthy and diseased plant of eucalyptus was done. The results shows that the infection of plant with kirramycesepicoccoides causes reduction in the carotenoid content. The carotenoid cantent for all the three samples of infected leaves ranges from 0.17 ± 0.01mg/gm.fr.wt., 0.19 ± 0.01 and 0.18 ± 0.02. But the healthy leaf sample show high carotenoid content. Results observed that carotenoid ranges from 0.34 ± 0.02 to 0.39 ± 0.01 mg/gm.fr.wt. and 0.39 ± 0.02 mg/gm.fr.wt. for healthy leaves of Eucalyptus plants.

023389   Prakash V (NO, JSS-MVP, JSS Techincal Institutions Campus, Mysore-570 006, Email: prakashvish@gmail.com) : Traditional knowledge, wisdom and ayurceuticals interfacing with modern science-a boon for a healthy India tomorrow. Curr Sci 2014, 106(5), 647-8.

023388   Pankaj Kumar;Agarwal A;Tiwari A K;Lal M;Jabri M R A (Botany Dep, G.F. College, Shahjahanpur-242 001, Email: ajay_biotech2005@rediffmail.com) : Possibilities of development of red rot resistance in sugarcane through somaclonal variation. Sugar Tech 2012, 14(2), 192-4.

Red rot behavior of 50 somaclones of sugarcane variety CoS 88230, was studied by plug and nodal methods of inoculation using a mixture of four isolates of Colletotrichum falcatum. The results revealed that most of the somaclones had red rot susceptibility to varying degrees except four somaclones viz. SC-15, 20, 22 and 30, which were found - 51 - moderately resistant (MR) by plug method of inoculation. Two somaclones viz. SC-22 and 30 were found resistant by nodal method of inoculation. Using plug method of inoculation, the aforesaid four somaclones viz. SC-15, 20, 22 and 30 were also found moderately resistant against all the four strains if tested individually, according to 0-9 scale except against isolate R 8411. These somaclones were better in red rot resistance than the donor variety CoS 88230. The wide variations observed in a number of traits along with red rot behavior in the so-maclonal population was possibly due to complex genetic nature and existence of chromosomal mosaicism in commercial hybrid varieties of sugarcane.

^ssc1 table, 9 ref

023387   Pandey A;Sati P;Malviya M K;Singh S;Ajay Kumar (Biotechnological Applications, G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora-263 643, Email: anita@gbpihed.nic.in) : Use of endophytic bacterium (Pseudomonas sp., MTCC9476) in propagation and conservation of Ginkgo biloba L.: a living fossil. Curr Sci 2014, 106(8), 1066-7.

1 illus, 9 ref

023386   Negi R (Botany Dep, P.D.B.H. (P.G.) College, Kotdwar-246 149) : Four new host records of sooty mould from Pauri Garhwal. Ann Pl Prot Sci 2013, 21(2), 455-7.

^ssc4 illus, 2 ref

023385   Mali T P (Botany Dep, Kisan P.G. College, Bahraich-271 801, Email: drtpmall@rediffmail.com) : Cercospora phlomidicola sp. nov. on potent ethnomedicinal plant Clerodendrum phlomidis from Shrawasti (Uttar Pradesh) India. Adv Life Sci 2013, 2(2), 44-5.

In present study a new dematiaceous hyphomycetous foliicolous microfungi Cercospora phlomidicola Mall sp. nov. on Clerodendrum phlomidis is reported from Sharawasti (U.P.) India, as a result of survey of north central tarai Forest.

023384   Malhotra A;Agarwal T;Trivedi P C (Botany Dep, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 055, Email: abhinitimalhotra@gmail.com) : Evaluation of AM fungi in management of Meloidogyne- Rhizoctonia complex infecting Capsicum annuum L. Ann Pl Prot Sci 2013, 21(2), 396-9.

Four different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi viz., Glomus fasciculatum, G. mosseae, G. deserticola and Sclerocystis species were evaluated for their ability to mitigate the damage caused by Meloidogyne-Rhizoctonia complex infecting Capsicum annuum. In the present study, the efficacy of different AMF varied in checking the nematode and fungal infection. Enhancement in plant growth parameters were observed in all AMF treated plants. Data revealed that the mixture of G. fasciculatum and Glomus mosseae were comparatively better to deter M. incognita and R. solani population growth than any of AM fungi alone. Use of mixed species inocula of AMF for better quality and quantity production of chilli was recorded.

2 tables, 8 ref

023383   Kashyap A S;Sharma R K;Bhartiya A (Botany Dep, M M H College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Effect on morphological changes in vasaka (Adhatoda vasica) and raktapunarnava (Boerhavia diffusa) under stressed and unstressed conditions. Curr Hort 2013, 1(1), 14-18.

The experiment was conducted to study the differences in morphological characters of vasaka (Adhatoda vasica Nees) and raktapunarnava (Boerhavia diffusa Linn.) growing in various unstressed (non-polluted) and stressed (polluted) habitats. Since environmental conditions play a vital role in the quality and quantity of active constituents in medicinal plants, their macro and micro-morphological characters also are affected. Both the plants, viz. vasaka and raktapunarnava showed significant variation under both unstressed and stressed habitats. The leaves of vasaka under unstressed habitat showed double leaf area, longer petiole size, more veination and with rough texture than stressed habitat. The nodal and internodal sizes were 3 times more under unstressed habitat than stressed habitat. The plants of raktapunarnava also showed variation in their macro-morphological characters under both habitats. The nodal and internodal size, petiole size, size of branches, and shoots were more under unstressed habitats than stressed habitat, but roots were more in length in stressed habitat. The size of lamina was 3 times more in unstressed than stressed habitat. The texture of leaves under unstressed habitat was smooth but it was coarse in stressed habitat. There were significant changes in micro-morphological characters in both the plants under both habitats. In vasaka, frequency of stomata, - 50 - density of trichome and vein terminations were more in stressed habitat. In unstressed habitat, stomatal index, and vein islets number were more. In raktapunarnava, stomatal frequency, and density of trichomes were more in leaves in stressed habitats. While vein islet number and stomatal index were more in unstressed habitat.

5 tables, 12 ref

023382   Kamalakannan B;Joyson Joe Jeevamani J; Nagendran N A;Pandiaraja D;Chandrasekaran S (Botany Dep, National Centre of Excellence in Statistical and Mathematical Modellin, Madurai-625 009, Email: krishnanasc@yahoo.co.in) : Impact of removal of invasive species Kappaphycus alvarezii from coral reef ecosystem in Gulf of Mannar, India. Curr Sci 2014, 106(10), 1401-8.

Kappaphycus alvarezii is a commercially important red alga being intentionally introduced in marine waters worldwide for the production of kappa carrageenan. Its introduction into the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve during the 1990s and its subsequent escape from cultivation sites have paved the way for its invasion into the coral reef ecosystem of Kurusadai Island. Since the report of its invasion in 2008, removal of K. alvarezii from the reefs has been started by means of manual removal (hand plucking). This article details the unsuccessful attempt and negative impact of the eradication programme. Regrowth of K. alvarezii from removal points and drifting broken fragments resulting during removal have led to further establishment in the reef environment. Variation in the morphology of K. alvarezii populations after their removal has been observed. A significant reduction in the cover of coral and native algae due to the increase in abundance of K. alvarezii was evident from the study. The need for immediate scientific control measures to eradicate the invasive alga is discussed.

3 illus, 3 tables, 28 ref

023381   Joshi Y;Bhakuni G;Bisht D;Tripathi M;Bisht K; Upadhyay S;Chandra K;Rawal R S (Lichenology Div Botany Dep, S.S.J. Campus, Kumaun Univ, Almora-263 601, Email: dryogeshcalo@gmail.com) : Lichen colonization on nylon net houses in Surya-kunj nature interpretation site, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand. Curr Sci 2014, 106(5), 673-5.

1 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

023380   Hayat S;Alyemeni M N;Yadav S (Botany & Microbiology Dep, King Saud Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Email: hayat_68@yahoo.co.in) : Do brassinosteroids ameliorate freezing stress in Cicer arietinum. Legume Res 2014, 37(1), 68-71.

Experiment was conducted to examine the extent of low-temperature stress during early seed germination and to investigate the mitigating effects of brassinosteroids. Sterilized Cicer arietinum seeds were soaked in distilled water for 24 h then placed in three sets of cotton-lined petri dishes. These three sets of seeds were exposed to different temperatures: 25°C (control), 0°C and -10°C. Another experiment was conducted using the same set of conditions but included a 24 h soaking step in 28-homobrassinolide (HBL) under controlled conditions. The seedlings were evaluated after 72 h. The results clearly indicated that seed germination, the activities of nitrate reductase and carbonic anhydrase, the accumulated levels of proline and protein decreased in response to low-temperature stress. HBL partially ameliorated the stress at 0°C but failed to overcome the -10°C stress. Based on our observations, it could be concluded that brassinosteroids could partially overcome the stress generated by 0°C during the seed germination stage but could not overcome the stress generated by -10°C.

1 table, 20 ref

023379   Gupta S L;Rizvi G;Paijwar M S (Botany Dep, Institute of Basic Science, Bundelkhand Univ, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh-284 128, Email: Sumi786gupta@gmail.com) : Alternaria lini causes blight disease on linseed: its growth response on different parameters. Adv Life Sci 2013, 2(2), 64-6.

Infected samples of leaves and buds of linseed were brought to the laboratory for isolation and identification of pathogen as Alternaria lini. In pathogenicity test most common symptoms of this disease were leaf spot and black bud. Affected buds in most of the cases were completely replaced by fungal mycelium and conidia. Among environmental factors, in our findings the suitable temperature for the growth and sporulation of Alternaria lini was 25UC. The influence of pH maximum growth and sporulation was observed at pH of 6.5. We examine the best media for growth and sporulation of Alternaria lini was Potato dextrose agar followed by Oat meal and Richard's agar media.

023378   Gupta S L;Paijwar M S;Rizvi G (Botany Dep, Bundelkhand Univ, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh-284 128, Email: Sumi786gupta@gmail.com) : Colonization of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae-a study on pigeonpea. Adv Life Sci 2013, 2(2), 48-50.

Root and rhizosheric soil samples of Cajanus cajan were collected from different agricultural field of Jalaun vicinity and brought to the laboratory for isolation, identification and colonization of different VAM species in Cajanus cajan plant root. Among tested varieties of C. cajan maximum colonization index was recorded in Konch, followed by Jalaun agricultural field and Madhaugarh agricultural field. Maximum spore count was recorded for Glomus-1 followed by Glomus mossae and acaulospora was least dominant in all three agricultural field samples.

023377   Gazala R;Gupta S L;Paijwar M S (Botany Dep, Institute of Basic Science, Bundelkhand Univ, Jhansi-284 128, Email: sumi786gupta@gmail.com) : Estimation of protein and proline from eucalyptus leaves. Adv Life Sci 2013, 2(2), 77-9.

It was evident that the reduction in protein content of infected and healthy Eucalyptus leaves was observed. It was 1.72 mg/gm. fr.wt. for infected leaves and 2.15 mg/gmfr.wt. for healthy leaves of eucalyptus plant. While, The proline content of infected leaves ranges from 68.68 ± 3.11 μgm/fr.wt., 68.23 ± 1.11 and 50.53 ± 0.81 μgm/fr.wt. But the healthy leaf sample show higher proline content. It is observed that proline ranges from 99.25 ± 1.14, 95.24 ± 2.06 and 62.03 ± 1.50 μgm/fr.wt. for healthy leaves - 48 - of eucalyptus plants.

023376   Garg A (Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, 10, Chattham Lines, Allahabad-211 002, Email: kad_arti396@yahoo.com) : Are pollen herbaria redundant? Their utility in botanical studies. Curr Sci 2014, 106(8), 1049-50.

5 ref

023375   Dubey N;Pandey V N (Experimental Botany and Nutraceutical Laboratory, Botany Dep, DDU Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh-273 009, Email: neeharika.dubey5@gmail.com) : Reducing activity of fruits of Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) raeusch. Adv Life Sci 2013, 2(2), 82-3.

Flacourtia jangomas is an important nutraceutical plant belonging to family Flacourtiaceae. This plant is having many nutritional as well as medicinal usages. It is having good antioxidant activity. Different concentrations of fruit extracts of F. jangomas were evaluated for reducing activity by using Reducing power assay. The reducing activity increases with concentration. Unripe fruit sample shows the maximum value of 77.5% reducing activity whereas in ripe fruits it is 87.5%.

023374   Budhiraja A;Sanjay Kumar;Nepali K;Kaul S;Dhar K L (NO, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini Univ, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, Email: abhi19811@gmail.com) : Community analysis of endophytic fungi in medicinal plant Gloriosa superba. Adv hum Biol 2013, 3(1), .

All plants are expected to host endophytes, but only 3% of plants have been explored for their fungal communities. Aim of the present study was to isolate the mycoflora of Gloriosa superba, an important medicinal plant of subcontinent. Different parts of G. superba were surface sterilized and internal tissues were aseptically exposed to the culture media unless the growth of mycelia was observed. Each fungal isolate was cultured separately to get the pure culture for further evaluation and analysis. Each culture was identified on the basis of its morphological characteristics and bioactive isolates were also characterized on the basis of their molecular profiling 42 isolates belonging to 22 different genera were obtained and were identified. 5 isolates exhibited good antimicrobial and anticancer potential against human pathogenic bacterial strains and human cancer cell lines. These isolates were identified on the basis of their molecular characteristics. PCR was done using Primers for ITS region and PCR products of the isolates were sequenced and their sequences were BLASTED to NCB1. Sequences were also submitted to, GenBank. Results of the present study confirmed that plants are associated with microorganisms which are present in their internal tissues. These microorganisms survive in symbiotic relationship with their hosts and may provide assistance to their host to protect them against various pathogens.

2 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref