023330   Borse B D;Borse K N;Pawar N S;Tuwar A R (P.G. Botany Dep, S.S.V.P. Sanstha's L.K. Dr. P.R. Ghogrey Science College, Dhule-424 005, Email: borsesbdbot@rediffmail.com) : Marine fungi from India- XII. a revised check list. Indian J Geomar Sci 2013, 42(1), 110-19.

Check list of marine fungi; recorded from India is compiled on the basis of the present studies along the coast of Daman, Diu Island, Gujarat, Goa and Maharashtra and published literature. Distribution of 207 species of marine fungi (14 Labyrinthulomycota, 4 Chytridiomycota, 4 Oomycota, 139 Ascomycota, 3 Basidiomycota and 43 Mitosporic fungi) reported so far from marine habitats along various coastal states, Islands and Union territories of India. The 28 species of marine fungi are considered as doubtful records (26 Ascomycota and 2 Mitosporic fungus) are also listed. The record from West coast accounts for 167 sp. and there from East coast 152 sp., Andaman-Nicobar Islands 64 sp., and Lakshadweep Islands 57 sp. Four fungal species were isolated from deep sea sediments in the central Arabian Sea. This data will be useful in the compilation of marine biodiversity of India.

1 table, 60 ref

023329   Borah R L;Das S M;Sarmah G C (Botany Dep, D.H.S.K. College, Dibrugarh-786 001, Email: rajibl_borah@yahoo.co.in) : Aquatic and terrestrial flora of the flood effected Brahmaputra riverbank along historical Dibrugarh town of Assam, India. Pl Archs 2012, 12(1), 119-24.

A taxonomic survey of the flora of the Brahmaputra riverbank was done during 2010, along the historically important Dibrugarh town of Assam state of India. The town has a history of devastating earthquakes and floods. Riverbank erosion is a continuous process along the bank. Thus, the survey was to record all the naturally growing plants along the bank in the vicinity of the water and the dyke, so that, even if the flora is wiped away over time, it remains as documentation. Two broad categorizations are done as Aquatic macrophytes and terrestrial plants. It is also mentioned how such plants themselves can be utilized to create bio-engineering structures to prevent riverbank erosion.

4 illus, 15 ref

023328   Bhogaonkar P Y;Kshirsagar P P (Botany Dep, Govt. Vidarbha Institute of Science and Humanities, Amravati-444 604, Email: prachisfriend@gmail.com) : Nutraceutical potential of Mucuna utilis Wall.-a lesser known legume. Indian J nat Prod Resour 2013, 4(1), 36-41.

Objective of the present study is to understand nutritional potential of these tender pods. Fresh as well as shade dried material was used for estimation of moisture content, chlorophyll, anthocyanin, lycopene, vitamin-C, vitamin-A, crude protein, crude fibre, lipids, fat, reducing and non-reducing sugars, total soluble sugars, starch, total nitrogen and phenols. Mineral content was estimated in terms of ash yield and further analysis was carried out for qualitative and quantitative estimation of different elements. Material was also screened for presence of bioactive molecules. The medicinal properties of anthraquinones, flavonoids, leucoanthocyanin, hydroquinone, catechol, saponin and polyoses present in these pods have been discussed and proposed to be explored for their potential medicinal and nutritional values.

3 illus, 38 ref

023327   Ashok Kumar;Singh A;Desh Deepak (Botany Dep, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajpur, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, Email: drakarya81@gmail.com) : Medico-botanical study of some weeds growing in Moradabad district of Western Uttar Pradesh in India. Indian J scient Res 2012, 3(1), 107-11.

The present study revealed that 25 plant species belonging to 18 families, plants parts, and local name are used in medicinal purposes and traditional health care system is an old age practice in this area. The system of ethnic communities is conservation oriented and has great potential. Traditional knowledge is transferred for one generation to another. The present work suggests an impressive coordination for strengthening medicinal plant sector in district Moradabad.

1 table, 11 ref

023326   Amareswari B;Padma M;Raj Kumar M;Siva Shankar A (NO, College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030) : Influence of leaf age on antioxidant activity in different accessions of aloe (Aloe barbadensis Miller). Pl Archs 2012, 12(1), 437-9.

The present investigation was carried out in Laboratory located at Herbal Garden, College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during the year 2010. The experiment consisted of three accessions of Aloe viz., yellow flowering accession-1, yellow flowering accession-2 and orange flowering accession-3 and three ages viz., 10months, 12 months and 14months leaf ages. The experiment consisted of 9 treatment combinations laid out in Completely Randomized Design with factorial concept in three replications. The antioxidant activity of Aloe gel was studied in three accessions of different ages. The results of the study indicated that, the treatment combination of yellow flowering accession-1 at 14 months leaf age has recorded the highest antioxidant activity than yellow flowering accession-2 and orange flowering accession-3.

3 tables, 8 ref

022252   Vinayaka K S;Nayaka S;Krishnamurthy Y L; Upteri D K (P.G. Studies and Research in Applied Botany Dep, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga, Karnataka-577 451, Email: murthy_ylk@yahoo.co.in) : Report on some macrolichens new to Karnataka,India. J Threatened Taxa 2012, 4(1), 2318-21.

This paper presents distribution, relative abundance incl. threats, phenology and available field data of 25 taxa belonging to six genera of Ericaceae in Talle Wildlife Sanctuary in Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh. A map of Arunachal Pradesh along with a trek route from Ziro (Hapoli) to Talle valley is also provided. Besides, taxa belonging to new records, new to science, recollections and status are also provided.

17 ref

022251   Subhasis Panda;Sanjappa M (Taxonomy & Biosystematics Laboratory, Post graduate Department of Bota, Darjeeling Government College, Darjeeling, West Bengal-734 101, Email: subhaeri@yahoo.com) : Checklist of ericaceae of Talle Wildlife Sanctuary in lower Subansirif district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. J Threatened Taxa 2012, 4(1), 2322-2327.

This paper presents distribution, relative abundance incl. threats, phenology and available field data of 25 taxa belonging to six genera of Ericaceae in Talle Wildlife Sanctuary in Lower Subansiri district of Arunachal Pradesh. A map of Arunachal Pradesh along with a trek route from Ziro (Hapoli) to Talle valley is also provided. Besides, taxa belonging to new records, new to science, recollections and status are also provided.

1 illus, 12 ref

022250   Singh B;Singh V N;Phukan S J;Sinha B K; Borthakur S K (Botanical Survey of India, , Eastern Circle, Shillong, Meghalaya-793 002, Email: drbks2004@yahoo.co.in) : Contribution to the pteridophytic flora of India: nokrek biosphere reserve, Meghalaya. J Threatened Taxa 2012, 4(1), 2277-94.

Nokrek National Park, located approximately 40km from Tura town in West Garo Hills district of Meghalaya, India, was added to the list of Biosphere Reserves by UNESCO in May 2009. Since there is no previous report from this area, the pteridophytes of the Nokrek Biosphere Reserve are catalogued in the present study. The checklist consists of 113 taxa (98 ferns, 15 fern allies), of which 25 species are newly reported for the Meghalaya State (Selaginella involvens, Selaginella semicordata, Selaginella subdiaphana, Selaginella tenuifolia, Asplenium gueinzianum, Asplenium perakanse, Microlepia hancei, Microlepia rhomboidea, Dicranopteris linearis, Coniogramme procera, Bolbitis sinensis, Loxogramme chinensis, Lygodium microphyllum, Lemmaphyllum microphyllum, Lemmaphyllum rostratum, Pleopeltis macrosphaera, Pyrrosia lanceolata, Pyrrosia longifolia, Pteris biaurita ssp. walkeriana, Pteris grevilleana, Tectaria fuscipes, Cyclosorus crinipes, Pseudocyclosorus falcilobus, Diplazium apicisorum and Diplazium pseudosetigerum) and 43 species are new for all the three Garo Hill districts of the Garo Hills in the Meghalaya State.

1 illus, 45 ref

022249   Shrivastava P;Diwan R (NO, Govt. Naveen Girl's College, Raipur-492 001) : Evaluation of cultural characteristics of certain internally seed-borne pathogenic fungi. Geobios 2012, 39(1), 45-8.

Altogether eleven fungal isolates obtained from seeds of groundnut, sunflower, safflower, soybean, and maize, were grown on Richard's broth medium, and the growth was recorded in terms of their biomass. All these isolates showed best growth between 25-30°C and within pH range of 5 to 6.

3 tables, 15 ref

022248   Shiva Kameshwari M N;Geetha H L; Tharasaraswathi K J (Botany Dep, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi Campus, Bangalore-560 056, Email: shivamn2l7@yahoo.com) : Phylogenetic analysis among Indian squill Urginea indica Kunth. Liliaceae. J appl nat Sci 2013, 5(1), 10-16.

In the present study on Urginea indica, twelve different populations from southern part of India is considered. Fifteen parameters have been scored for each population to understand the relationship between different races. The main objective is to trace phylogeny in populations of U. indica to construct phylogenetic tree. The phylogenetic tree obtained is an unrooted tree. The parsimony tree describes that Shimoga and Chamundi hill populations have parallely evolved and forms the out group. Dopaegowdanapura population has given rise to Gopalaswamy betta, Gopalaswamy betta has given rise to Banganavadi and Banganavadi has given rise to one population which is missing in the tree and the missing population has given rise to Gorur on one hand and to Krishna Raja Sagar island and Gandhi Krishi Vighnayana Kendra on the other hand. Krishna Raja Sagar island and Gandhi Krishi Vighnayana Kendra shares a common clade. Gorur has given rise to Papanasini and Papanasini has given rise to Channamallipura, from Channamallipura another population has been evolved which is missing and the missing population has given rise to Basavanahalli and Ranganthittu which shares a Common clade. The Parsimony tree shows that these populations have evolved parallel. Dopaegowdanapura is the oldest from which all others are evolved. Ranganathittu and Basavanahalli form the youngest and latest. Therefore it is an unrooted tree with distance. Each population varied in their morphology and chromosome number and called as cytotypes. Difference in morphological character is mainly because of genetic characters. Habitat does not seem to play major role to mould morphological features.

3 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

022247   Sainthiya V;Singh V;Aparna Asokan (NO, , ) : Influence of in vitro invasion of arbuscular mycorrhizae on general characteristics and phytochemical concentration of plants. South Asian J expl Biol 2013, 3(1), 10-18.

This review is an attempt to study the use of VAM in the release of phytochemicals from medicinally important plants. To popularize the efficacy of the natural resources as Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (AMF) - a nutrient source of soil which manages the soil fertility naturally as well as its contribution in the reduction of additional fertilizers which are used for further betterment of plant crops and soil, this article covers almost a full range of the properties of AM with its science and mechanisms in general as well as the changes in the concentration and properties of the phytochemicals from medicinal plants.

^iia36 ref

022246   Rajesh A M;Yathindra H A;Reddy P V K; Sathyanarayana B N;Harshavardhan M;Kantharaj Y (Horticulture Dep, U A S G K V K, Bangalore-560 065, Email: venusvenu@9049@gmail.com) : Induction of variations in Syngonium podophyllum. J Ecobiol 2012, 29(1-2), 157-9.

Mutagenic treatments of basal shoot explants of Syngonium showed morphological variations. A general retardation in the shoot and root parameters of the regenerated plantlets was observed with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) treatment. Greater variations were noticed in leaf morphology including reduction in size, length and curling of leaf. Few leaves turned albenic (reduction in chlorophyll) and this was more evident at higher level of ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). Reduction in chlorophyll content and cultures turning albenic was observed when microshoots were treated with EMS. Lower concentration of EMS (0.5 per cent) did not induce variation in chlorophyll color, but with the increase in EMS concentrations (1, 1.5 & 2 per cent) changes in chlorophyll colour such as microshoots turning light green, albenic were seen. Stunted growth (0.9 cm) was observed when microshoots were treated with higher concentrations (1.5 & 2 per cent) of EMS.

1 table, 2 ref

022245   Prathima Rao P;Shiva Kameshwari M N; Tharasaraswathi K J (Botany and Biotechnology Dep, Biosystematics Laboratory, Bangalore University, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore-560 056, Email: shivakameshwari@gmail.com) : Scape anatomical studies in populations of Urginea indica Kunth. Liliaceae. J appl nat Sci 2013, 5(1), 179-89.

The current study presents investigations on the scape anatomical characteristics of Urginea indica population, a geophyte growing in India, Africa and Mediterranean regions. For scape anatomical studies transverse sections of inflorescence axis were taken and studied for the first time. The twelve different population studied revealed that outer most epidermis of inflorescence is covered by thick cuticle. Cortex is differentiated into 3 regions outer chlorenchyma, middle collenchyma and inner parenchyma. But the shape and number of rows of cells vary in different populations collected from various localities of Karnataka. Vascular bundles are arranged in 3 rows, 2 rows in few populations and number of vascular bundles vary. Larger bundles varies from 5-8, medium 8-12 and smaller bundles 5 to 21 in number. Xylem elements are uniseriate and biseriate in few. Some populations show Myelin structures and cell inclusions, based on their ecological habitat. The distinctions among cross sections of scapes are evident and our findings offer a comprehensive study using anatomical traits for delimitation and diagnosing populations of U. indica providing a platform for further taxonomic investigations.

7 illus, 16 ref

022244   Pawar A B (Botany P.G. Dep, Y.C. Institute of Science, Satara-415 001) : Fungal biodiversity from western ghats, genus-Spegazziniella Batista & Lima. Geobios 2012, 39(1), 41-4.

Deals with the study of seven species of the genus Spegazziniella Batista and Lima, collected on different angiospermic host plants, green as well as semi-dry leaves from different localites of W. Ghats. The genus has been recorded for the first time from India.

16 illus, 10 ref

022243   Patil S;Dongare M (Botany Dep, Doodhsakhar Mahavidyalaya, Bidri-416 208, Maharashtra, Email: sspatildmb@gmail.com) : Pteridophytic diversity of Tillari ghat section, Kolhapur. J Ecobiol 2012, 29(1-2), 23-6.

Kolhapur, the southern most district of Maharashtra State, harbours a great diversification of biological wealth. But the district remained botanically poorly explored. A survey was conducted on the pteridophytic diversity of Tillari Ghat section. The area was surveyed in different seasons during the years 2007 to 2009. Twenty seven species of pteridophytes belonging to twenty genera and sixteen families were recorded.

1 table, 6 ref

022242   Parsa S G;Moniri M H;Asoodeh A (Biology Dep, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran, Email: m.h.moniri@mshdiau.ac.ir) : Tornabea scutellifera (Lichenized Ascomycete, Lecanorales) in Northeast Iran. J appl nat Sci 2013, 5(1), 148-52.

The present study shows the morphology, anatomy and chemistry of Tornabea scutellifera occurring in north eastern Iran. Most thalli are corticolouse, even though its thalus also shows some degree of vegetation on rocky substrates.

10 illus, 12 ref

022241   Nambiar G R;Raveendran K (P.G. Studies & Research in Botany Dep, Sir Syed College, Taliparamba-670 142) : Carinispora velatispora, Herpotrichea nypicola and Pleospora spartinae: new reports of marine fungi form India. Geobios 2012, 39(1), 67-9.

Carinispora velatispora Hyde, Herpotrichea nypicola Hyde et Alias and Pleospora spartinae (Webster et Lucas) Apinis ef Chesters, are being reported as new additions to the marine mycoflora of India.

3 illus, 15 ref

022240   Nambiar G R;Raveendran K (P.G. Studies & Research in Botany Dep, Sir Syed College, Taliparamba-670 142) : Lautisporopsis circumvestita, Moroslphaeria ramunculicola and Saccardoella mangrovei: additions to marine mycoflora of India. Geobios 2012, 39(1), 25-8.

Deals with Lautisporopsis circumvestita (Kohlm) Jones, Yusoff et Moss, Morosphaeria ramunculicola (Hyde) Suetrong, Sakayaroj, Jones et Schoch and Saccardoella mangrove! Hyde, which form additions to the marine mycoflora of India.

3 illus, 23 ref

022239   Nagrale D T;Gaikwad A P;Sharma L (Plant Pathology and Agricultural Microbiology Dep, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413 722, Email: dip29unique@gmail.com) : Morphological and cultural characterization of Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler blight of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii H. Bolus ex J.D. Hook). J appl nat Sci 2013, 5(1), 171-8.

Fungal blights are among the major concern for limiting the cultivation and production of many ornamental and flowering plants. Gerbera is an important cut flower with great export potential. However, it is infected by many pathogens in the protected cultivation. The severe infection of fungal blight caused by Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler was observed in the polyhouse condition. Hence, in this study, critical morphological and cultural studies were done to understand the pathogen behaviour. The fungus A. alternata produced profuse mycelium on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) with an average width of 4.42 μm in diameter, conidiophores, conidia and intercalary chlamydospores measured as 42.26 x 4.29 μm, 47.16 x 13.49 μm and 7.22 μm in diameter, respectively. The synthetic media viz., Leonions's agar, Glucose-peptone agar and Sabourand's agar and non-synthetic media, Oat meal agar and PDA were excellent for the mycelial growth and conidial production of A. alternata.

3 tables, 26 ref

022238   Muthamizh Selvan K;Sridharan N (NO, Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, Post Box No 18, Dehradun, Uttarakhand-248 001, Email: km.selvan6@gmail.com) : Grey junglefowl Gallus sonneratii (Galliformes:Phasianidae) in Kalakad-mundanthurai tiger reserve, Tamil Nadu, India. J Threatened Taxa 2012, 4(1), 2328-9.

An abundance (density indices and encounter rates) of Grey Junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii) was estimated in Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu from September 2007 to November 2007. Eleven line transects in different habitats were walked by two observers to estimate the relative density of the Grey Junglefowl. Ninety-seven individuals were sighted along the transect and the encounter rate was 1.07/km.

1 illus, 1 table, 14 ref

022237   Montessori Devi N;Bhanishana Devi R K;Premila Devi A;Das R (Botany and Plant Pathology Dep, Central Agricultural Univ, Imphal-795 001) : Changes of some nutrient contents in Pyrus indica fruits of Manipur under storage condition. Crop Res 2012, 43(1-3), 112-5.

Study analysis of healthy and infected Heitup fruit, Pyrus indica of the same variety (during storage) was studied. Samples of both healthy and infected pyrus fruit were analyzed for the nutritional components except moisture content. The mineral contents (N and Fe) were determined by spectrophotometically Similarly, carbohydrate content was lower in diseased leaves than in healthy onion leaves. The both the minerals were significantly (P<60>0.05) lower in diseased fruit compared to the healthy (control) fruit indicating the deterioration of pyrus fruit which had a significant impact in reducing and total sugars in the nutritional value of the pyrus fruit. It is important to avoid such deterioration with a view to enhance nutrient bioavailability for human consumption.

1 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

022236   Meena K L (NO, , ) : Temporal variation in free proline content in some species of family acanthaceae in the southern Rajasthan, India. South Asian J expl Biol 2013, 3(1), 37-42.

Proline is considered to be associated with stress tolerance in plants. In the present study, free proline was estimated in the root, stem and leaves of 12 species of family acanthaceae collected in different seasons during 2011 from southern Rajasthan. It is observed that the proline content was higher in summer seasons in comparison to other seasons. The maximum content of proline was reported in the stem of Elytraria acaulis and minimum in roots of Justicia quinqueangularis.

6 illus, 3 tables, 37 ref

022235   Kakpure M R;Rothe S P;Bokhad M N (Botany Dep, Shri Shivaji College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Akola-444 001) : List of ethno-medicinal plants used in tribal region, Jalgaon-Jamod tehsil of Buldhana district, Maharashtra, India. Geobios 2012, 39(1), 83-6.

6 ref

022234   Joshi P N;Joshi E B;Jain B K (NO, , Sahjeevan, 175-Jalaram Society, Vijay Nagar, Bhuj, Kachchh, Gujarat-370 001, Email: joshi_pn@yahoo.com) : Ecology and conservation of threatened plants in tapkleshwari hill ranges in the Kachchh Island, Gujarat, India. J Threatened Taxa 2012, 4(2), 2390-7.

Survey was conducted in Tapkeshwari Hill Range (THR) areas, wherever threatened plant species were said to exist, based on secondary information in literature. Thirteen plant species categorized as `Threatened' by the World Conservation Monitoring centre (WCMC 1994) and also listed under various threat categories in the Red Data Book of Indian Plants (Nayar & Sastry 1988) were surveyed in the THR. All the RET plants reported from the study area occupied eight major habitat types. Thorn mixed forests harbored the highest number of individuals (560) of all RET plants, followed by open scrubs (345 individuals), Acacia senegal forests (328) and thorn mixed scrubs (293). Field observations showed that except Helichrysum cutchicum, all the other RET plant species were reported with very low seedlings and regeneration ratio. This paper discusses the status, distribution and threats faced and the conservation implications at border regions of some of the threatened plants of the arid Kachchh District.

1 illus, 4 tables, 25 ref

022233   Jain U;Gupta S;Chauhan M (Botany Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004, Email: ushajain0101@gmail.com) : Folk and herbal medicines used by people of Pali district, Rajasthan. Geobios 2012, 39(1), 49-54.

Ethno-medicinal uses of 45 plant species belonging to 44 genera and 31 families, employed by tribal people of Pali district, in skin diseases, cold and cough, ulcers, stomach related problems, fevers, piles, jaundice and diabetes, etc. are presented in this paper.

1 table, 16 ref

022232   Ibrahem A A;Almohisen;Alyemeni M N (NO, , ) : Changes in the yield quantity and quality of the pods of four legume crops in response to elevated ambient ozone in Riyadh. South Asian J expl Biol 2013, 3(2), 97-105.

Field study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ambient ozone on the yield quantity and quality of the pods of four legume crops (Pisum sativum L., Vicia faba L., Glycine max and Vigna sinensis) grown under five ambient ozone concentrations: 17.80, 61.00, 71.50, 78.75 and 111.78 ppb and 21.25, 67.25, 96.5, 105.5 and141.25 ppb during winter and summer, respectively. The ozone levels significantly affected the yield of both the winter and summer species. As the ozone concentration increased, the number and dry weight of the pods decreased. The plants varied in their yield responses to stress; however, the degree of damage in all of the species was more severe under elevated ozone. The protein, fat, soluble sugar and polysaccharide content were significantly different in the pods. This investigation recorded high ozone concentrations at the studied sites with a high source of air pollution, especially during the summer, and demonstrated the negative effect of ozone on the yield quantity and quality of the tested species.

4 illus, 5 tables, 41 ref

022231   Datar M N;Ghate V S (Botany Group, Agharkar Research Institute, , Pune, Maharashtra-411 004, Email: datarmandar@gmail.com) : Extended distribution of Smithsonia straminea C.J. Saldanha, an endemic orchid in Maharashtra, India. J Threatened Taxa 2012, 4(2), 2406-8.

Smithsonia straminea C.J. Saldanha, an endemic orchid earlier reported from Karnataka and Kerala is collected for the first time from Maharashtra state and its extended distribution is reported here.

8 ref

022230   Bansal P;Pande N;Nath V (Bryology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226 001, Email: drvirendranath2001@rediffmail.com) : Two new records of Bryum Hedw. in Jim Corbett National Park, Western Himalaya, India. Geobios 2012, 39(1), 70-4.

Present contribution reveals the occurrence of Bryum capillare Hedw. and B. coronatum Hook, for the first time in Jim Corbett National Park of western Himalaya, which suggests a further distribution of these species in India.

3 illus, 11 ref

021309   Yumnam J Y;Tripathi O P (Forestry Dep, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, (Deemed U, Nirjuli-791 109, Arunachal Pradesh, Email: jimmyyumnam@yahoo.co.in ) : Ethnobotany: plants use in fishing and hunting by adi tribe of Arunachal Pradesh. Indian J Tradl Knowledge 2013, 12(1), 157-61.

In addition to agriculture, fishing and hunting are other part of life for the Adi tribe. Methodical field survey and personal interview of local aged between 30-70 yrs of both sexes using standard questionnaires were carried out to collect information on the plants use in fishing and hunting by Adi tribe of East Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh. Altogether, 28 plants belonging to 21 genera and 14 families were encountered during the study period, which were used as fish poison (25) for easy catch, as arrow poison (1) for hunting animals and as adhesive (2) for catching birds. There is hardly any untoward harm to human who consume the hunts. These could be due to safe phyto-chemical nature of the plants. Thus, these plants seem to have potential use in medicines, agriculture and industry sectors. The present study provides only preliminary report and leaves room for further scientific and analytic research to evaluate the validity of the toxic as well as safe properties of these plants. These plants are enumerated alphabetically with scientific names, vernacular names, family and part used.

2 illus, 1 table, 18 ref

021308   Yanthan M;Misra A K (Botany Dep, North-Eastern Hill Univ, Shillong-793 022, Email: arvindkmisra@nehu.ac.in ) : Molecular approach to the classification of medicinally important actinorhizal genus Myrica. Indian J Biotechnol 2013, 12(1), 133-6.

Actinorhizal genus Myrica, found in Meghalaya, India, has some dispute with respect to its classification. The present paper reviews the status of this genus. Fruits of Myrica sp. are commercially available in some parts of the country. It is a useful medicinal plant rich in vitamin C. Being actinorhizal, it is also useful in regeneration of nitrogen depleted soils.

^ssc25 ref

021307   Verma S K;Chand G;Kumar P (Forestry Dep, College of Horticulture and Forestry, N.D. University of Agriculture, Kumarganj, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh) : New record of icerya purchasi in one year old seedlings of Albizia procera (Roxb.) benth. Indian For 2012, 138(2), 200.

^ssc1 illus, 4 ref

021306   Verma K S;Puntambekar A (Post Graduate Studies and Research in Biological Sciences Dep, Rani Durgawati Univ, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, Email: karunaverma@gmail.com) : In vitro screening of Piper nigrum and Piper longum for antibacterial properties. Vegetos 2012, 25(1), 190-3.

Antimicrobial effect of Piper nigrum Linn. and Piper longum (Piperaceae) was evaluated on gram positive and gram negative strains of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The solvents used for extraction of plant were petroleum ether, methanol and water. The in vitro antimicrobial evaluation was carried out by agar disc diffusion method. The significant antibacterial activity extracts was compared with standard antibiotic Kanamycin. The methanolic extract of P. nigrum fruit was found most effective against Staphylococcus aureus (20 mm) and Bacillus subtilis (18 mm).

3 illus, 16 ref

021305   Uprety A (Botany Dep, Kumaun Univ, S.S.J. Campus, Almora, Uttarakhand, Email: anupamauprety@hotmail.com) : Systematics, distribution and uses of Viola L. from Central Himalayas, India. Vegetos 2012, 25(1), 283-6.

The present communication deals with the utility of species of Viola along with their taxonomy, habitat and distribution in the central Himalayas of Uttarakhand state.

18 ref

021304   Tripathi S;Hridesh Kumar;Pant H (NO, Wood Preservation Discipline, Dehradun) : Wood protection by Pongamia pinnata seed oil through heating process. Indian For 2012, 138(2), 136-41.

Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre is thought to be a native of India and is found throughout Asia. Pongamia oil is considered to possess anti-fungal and insecticidal activity but this property is not fully tapped and is under utilized. The present study was carried out to evaluate the potential of pongamia oil against wood decaying fungi. The oil was tested at different concentrations against Oligoporus placentus and Trametes versicolor by Potato dextrose agar bioassay. Results revealed that oil at concentration levels of 15 and 10% recorded considerable growth inhibition of both the test fungi. However, at lower concentrations the oil was found ineffective. The oil was further evaluated for its efficacy against the test fungi by soil block bioassay method. Poplar and chir pine sapwood specimens treated with pongamia oil at 180 and 200 øC, recorded considerable reduction in weight loss as compared to control against test fungi. Heating resulted in colour change of oil as well as that of wood. Preliminary study shows that Pongamia pinnata oil can be explored for wood protection.

2 illus, 2 tables, 22 ref

021303   Tripathi M K;Singh R (Zoology Dep, Arogyadhan, JRD Tata Foundation for Research in Ayurveda and Yoga Sci, Chitrakoot Satna, Madhya Pradesh, Email: drichitrakoot@chitrakoot.org) : Pharmacognostical studies on the leaf of Vitex negundo Linn. Life Sci Bull 2011, 8(2), 293-7.

India being a rich and varied flora of medicinal plants since the Vedic period. The present study deals with the scientific validation of Vitex negundo Linn (Verbenaceae) with special reference to its pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigations. The plant is commonly known as Nirgundi and is known to have medicinal properties, also even used as home-remedies in the rural and the remotest parts of the India. The leaf of Vitex negundo Linn is medicinally more used traditionally for the treatment of Asthma, Arthritis and Vat Rog. However, no supportive data available on microscopic characteristics and standardization of the same, so an attempt has been made to carried out the HPTLC profiles, botanical identification, physicochemical analysis, preliminary phytochemical studies and microbial screening of the Vitex negundo to get authentic therapeutic value.

5 illus, 3 tables, 5 ref

021302   Thakur A;Tiwari A;Sharma N;Mir S H (SOS in Botany, Jiwaji Univ, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh-474 011, Email: thakuranjana14@ymail.com) : Lead concentration in Brassica campstris plants during early and late sowing seasons. Bionature 2012, 32(1), 11-16.

Artificial contamination with lead nitrate [Pb(NO3)2] for three doses of Lead-10, 20 & 50 ppm was given to soil. The results showed that maximum concentration of Pb was 6.49 μg/g in 60 DAS root in LS (late sowing) at 50 ppm and minimum concentration of Lead was 0.05 μg/g in control in timely sowing (TS) in 60 DAS root. EDTA showed less effect at younger stage of plants (40 DAS) and was reported more effective in leaf (5.73 μg/g) at 20 ppm in 60 DAS in LS.

1 table, 12 ref

021301   Tejassvi A;Sudhir Kumar (Botany Dep, Agra College, Agra-282 001, Email: tejasvi.botany@gmail.com) : Photosynthetic pigments of garden pea grown on fly ash amended soil. J Pl Dev Sci 2013, 5(1), 85-7.

There are several sources to generate power like thermal power, nuclear power, tidal power, hydro power and power from fossil fuel and other non conventional sources. Due to large coal reserves in India energy generation through thermal mode is most common. Indian coal is high in ash content (35- 45 %). Present generation of fly ash from coal combustion in TPPS is about 160 MT/year in our country. Management of fly ash is a serious problem worldwide. The present study is an attempt for finding the eco- friendly solution of the problem through fly ash soil amendment technology (FASAT). Field experiments were designed by using fly ash (FA), organic manure like farmyard manure (FYM), biocompost (SOM) and chemical fertilizer (CF) in different combinations. Four pea cultivars Azad P₁, E₆, Arkel and PSM were used in the study. Biochemical parameters (conc. of chl a, b and total chl) were estimated at 60 DAS by using fresh leaves. There was an increase in photosynthetic pigments in all treatments as compared to control. The increase was discernible under integrated nutrient supply system. The positive outcome of the results of the present investigation is expected to encourage use of fly ash in agriculture and thus decreasing environmental pollution. However, the changes in soil environment caused by fly ash incorporation need to be investigated on long term basis.

1 table, 14 ref

021300   Singh R;Negi P S;Arya M C;Ahmed Z (NO, Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research, Field Station, Pithoragarh-262 501) : Propagation techniques of Crataegus crenulata: a multipurpose plant of mid Himalayan hills. Indian For 2012, 138(2), 169-72.

Study standardized the propagation techniques of Crataegus crenulata through seeds and cuttings. Mature pencil thick cuttings were collected and treated with different hormone concentrations (100, 150, 200, 250, 300 nd 350 ppm) of hormones i.e. IBA (Indole -3-butyric acid), IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid) and NAA (Napthelene-6- acetic acid). Sprouting and rooting capacity of the cuttings were assessed under open environmental conditions. Data revealed that IBA 250 ppm significantly enhanced sprouting, rooting and root length as compared to other plant growth regulators and control. The IBA (250 ppm) treated cuttings were found to be best for maximum plant length (189.32cm) and number of branches (6.45) after six months of transplantation in the field. Overnight (12 hr) dipping the cuttings in running water was observed helpful in removing phenolic components. Dipping of seeds in lukewarm water overnight (12 hrs) significantly improved in germination per centage (85-90 %) as compared to control (65-70%). Comparative study indicate that cutting raised seedlings were having edge over seed raised seedlings in terms of plant height and number of branches and being a faster method of multiplication also.

1 illus, 2 tables, 8 ref

021299   Singh P J;Sidhu G S;Kumar R;Thind T S (Floriculture and Landscaping Dep, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004) : Superior performance of kresoxim-methyl (Stroby) and trifloxystrobin (Flint) against Botrytis blight (Botrytis gladiolorum) of gladiolus (Gladiolus x hortulanus Bailey). Pl Dis Res 2011, 26(2), 101-105.

Efficacy of strobilurin fungicides, viz. kresoxim-methyl, (Stroby 50 WG, 0.1%), trifloxystrobin (Flint 50 WG, 0.1%) and azoxystrobin (Amistar 250g/L, 0.1%) and two systemic acquired resistance (SAR) compounds, viz., benzothiadiazole, (BTH, as Bion 50 WG, 0.01%), and salicylic acid (SA, 0.005%) was tested against Botrytis blight of gladiolus. None of the compounds reduced floral infection in a significant manner over the control. However, the efficacy of strobilurins against foliage infection was remarkable. Two strobilurins, viz. Stroby and Flint reduced foliar infection in a highly significant manner over the control. These fungicides registered a disease rating of 1.67 and 2.00 compared to 3.67 in the control plots, on a rating scale of 0-4 on cv. "Sancerre". The yield increases in terms of corm and cormel weight were also highly substantial (Stroby: corms - approx. 2X, cormels -approx. 9X; Flint: corms - approx. 1.5X, cormels - approx. 6X). Furthermore, the plants treated with these two compounds remained green for two additional weeks as compared to those in the control plots. The third strobilurin, i.e. Amistar, neither reduced disease severity nor improved yield in a significant manner. Stroby was found to be the best of the three. The SAR compounds tested, viz., BTH and SA, neither reduced the disease nor improved yield in an appreciable manner over the control.

021298   Singh L;Kaul V (Botany Dep, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Email: singhsativum@yahoo.co.in) : Allium sativum L. (Garlic)- potential elixir of life. J Pl Dev Sci 2013, 5(1), 17-18.

Garlic, botanically Allium sativum L. (family Alliaceae) is one of the oldest known horticultural crops. It is a multi-purpose herb relished as a flavouring agent around the world. No other herb has served as many culinary and medicinal purposes in as many cultures as garlic. Nature has also showered its benevolence on it by ingeniously packing a chemical factory in it. By virtue of these active principles, garlic seems to have the potential to cure almost every disease. This paper is an attempt to consolidate unsurpassed medicinal promises offered by garlic.

19 ref

021297   Singh A;Satsangi G P;Srivastava J N (Botany Dep, D.E.I., Dayalbagh Univ, Dayalbagh, Agra-282 110, Email: janendra.srivastava@gmail.com) : Allelopathic aspects of Lantana camara on germination and seedling growth of Lens esculanta. Vegetos 2012, 25(1), 233-5.

The allelopathic effect of Lantana camara weed on the growth of Lens esculanta (masur) commonly known as lentil has been studied. Toxicity and inhibitory effects of weed on germination and growth of lentil were observed. Effects of aqueous extracts from stem, leaf and roots of L. camara were observed on germination and seedling growth of L. esculanta in different concentrations in vitro and different soil samples in vivo. The result showed that the soil taken from the nearby lantana fields inhibited seed germination and seedling growth upto 70% in vivo condition. Under in vitro conditions, different concentrations showed variations in root, shoot elongation and seed germination percentage. The leaf extract showed maximum inhibition of seedling vigour upto 80%.

3 tables, 10 ref

021296   Siddiquik A S M H;Khair A (Mangrove Silviculture Div, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Muzgunni, Khulna-9000, 01718-503449) : Infestation status of heart rot disease of pasur (Xylocarpus mekongensis), tree in the sundarbans. Indian For 2012, 138(2), 165-8.

Study was conducted to know the heart rot infestation status of Pasur (Xylocarpus mekongensis), trees in the Sundarbans. The tree species is affected by heart rot problem locally known as "dhor". The study showed the highest incidences at Kalabogi (64%) followed by 62% at Bojboja and lowest 17% at Supati (Fresh water zone). It is characterized by the gradual death of the crown, starting first with small twigs and then gradually larger branches die. This is a great loss to the forest ecosystem and the country.

4 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

021295   Sharma V;Tripathi B N;Sushil Kumar (NO, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110 067, Email: sushil2000_01@yahoo.co.in) : lld mutation in Pisum sativum use as a genetic tool to discern the plant leaflet/leaf developmental process. Indian J expl Biol 2013, 51(6), 421-34.

Leaves of P. sativum the double mutant genotype tendril-less (ti) leaflet-development (lld), due to tile action of lld mutation, produce many leaflets that are aborted at different stages of development. Morphological, vein pattern and histological observations showed that aborted leaflets became cup/bell/trumpet (cup) shaped because of segmental differentiation in the leaflet primordium. Cup's inside lamina surface was adaxial and outer surfaces of cup and its stem were abaxiai. The lld cups were phenotypically homologous to aborted leaves described in Arabidopsis thaiiana mutants, angustifolia and those which underexpressed the HD-ZIP III proteins. Leaflet primordium was found to grow and establish three dimensional polarities apex-downwards. Pnmordium produced lateral outgrowth on one side of midvein. Differentiation, in the outgrowth, of secondary veins, whose xylem tissues faced each other, established the adaxial-abaxiai polarity. Lateral outgrowth then developed a cavity which got bounded by future adaxial epidermis. Further growth, veinlet formation, differentiation of palisade parenchyma and spongy parenchyma followed. Opening of lateral outgrowth at its outer midline produced a flat leaflet with lateral lamina spans. The structural and functional correspondence between leaflet and simple leaves suggested commonality between leaf and leaflet development mechanisms. A molecular model for the lld led leaflet abortion was also provided.

6 illus, 1 table, 81 ref

021294   Sharma V (Basic Sciencdes Dep, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan, Himachal Pradesh) : Response of standard rooting system to leachates and alcoholic extracts from difficult to root Arboreal species. Indian For 2012, 138(2), 142-5.

Leachates and alcoholic extracts (10%) from potential hardwood cutting material were prepared from Pinus wallichiana,Cedrus deodara, Abies pindrow, Thuja orientalis, Aesculus indica, Rhododendron arboreum, Magnolia grandifolia and Quercus incana, that grow around Shimla -the mid Himalayas. Rooting response of standard hypocotyl cutting system (Cucumis sativus L. 8 day old cuttings that form, on average, 14 roots by ninth day of suspension in water at 25 ± 1°C continuous light) to 10, 100 and 1000 times dilutions of original extract were recorded. Concentrated leachates from wood of all species were toxic while rooting was slightly prormoted at 1000 and 100 times dilutions of original extract. Alcoholic extracts were toxic even at 100 times dilutions while 1000 times dilutions slightly promoted rooting of standard hypocotyl rooting systems. Residue of alcoholic extract applied after dissolution in water promoted rooting at 1000,100 and 10 times dilutions as well.

3 tables, 12 ref

021293   Sharma N;Tiwari A (School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji Univ, Gwalior-474 011, Email: tiwariavinash2@gmail.com) : Influence of melathion on VAM colonization and phosphorus content in chilli plants. Vegetos 2012, 25(1), 71-5.

The objective of the present study, is to investigate the effect of Malathion on VAM colonization and phosphorus uptake in Capsicum annuum Linn, plants. Recommended dose of Malathion increased root colonization while double dose of inhibited growth. Higher doses of Malathion effected the VAM fungal colonization in chilli plants. VAM colonization indirectly affected phosphorus uptake in chilli plants. Double dose of Malathion decreased Phosphorus content in plants whereas single dose of malathion did not effect phosphorus uptake.

1 illus, 17 ref

021292   Sharma D;Swati Chauhan;Govind Kumar;Singh K P;Rajesh Kumar (NO, , ) : Cadmium stabilization by plant growth promotory fluorescent Pseudomonas in combination with Indian mustard var. Kranti. South Asian J expl Biol 2012, 2(3), 128-35.

Two cadmium resistant fluorescent Pseudomonas strains, originally isolated from oil contaminated sites were tested for their plant growth promotory properties and cadmium stabilization in combination with Indian mustard var kranti (Brassica juncea) in a pot experiment. Both the strains showed 99% homology to Pseudomonas aruginosa and were positive for all five plants growth properties like siderophore, IAA, hydrogen cyanide, Ammonia production and phosphate solubilization. Growth and health of plants in all the measured parameters under controlled conditions in insitu experiment was inhibited in the presence of cadmium, as indicated by a decrease in measured values of plant health. However, in the presence of fluorescent Pseudomonas strains, all the parameters of plant health showed improvement over the control with decrease in cadmium uptake by the plant as revealed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The presence of test strains stabilizes cadmium in the rhizosphere with less uptake of cadmium by the plants and siderophore property helps plant combat abiotic stress posed by cadmium. This technology [Phytobioremediation: Synergistic use of plants and microbes in bioremediation] enables the remediation of cadmium contaminated wastelands for raising Brassica plant for feed and fodder without any harm in combination with the test strains used in the present study.

021291   Sarkar J (NO, , , Email: jaimini_dhane@hotmail.com) : Vigour maintaing seeds for farmers. Curr Sci 2011, 101(1), 12-13.

1 illus, 14 ref

021290   Samanta J N;Mandal K (NO, Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research (ICAR), Boriavi, Anand-387 310, Email: jatinsamanta@gmail.com) : In planta detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. commiphorae using fyuA and rpoD genes. Indian J expl Biol 2013, 51(6), 470-6.

Guggal is tapped for extraction of medicinally important oleo-gum-resin (guggul) by inoculating the stem bark with natural gum suspension containing pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. commiphorae (Xac). The tree dies in the process. In absence of any specific medium for isolation of Xac, it is difficult to assess spread of the pathogen within the plant. A PCR based molecular detection technique asing fyuA and rpoD gene specific primers is described here. The primers amplified products only from Xac and not from host tissues or common saprophytes. The method was sensitive enough to produce positive signals for up to 4.4 bacterial cells or 2 pg target DNA per reaction mixture. However, PCR inhibitors present in plant tissues drastically reduced the limit of detection. A simple overnight incubation of surface sterilised plant tissues in nutrient medium was introduced to increase pathogen titre and to overcome this problem. This technique was successfully used to measure spread of Xac in plant tissues away from the site of inoculation. The pathogen showed preference for acropetal movement and did not spread to 7-8 cm below the site of inoculation till 15 days after inoculation. This suggests possibility to manage the disease through plant surgery.

5 illus, 24 ref

021289   Saklani N;Purohit V K;Andola H C;Rana M; Chauhan R S;Nautiyal A R (Pharmaceutical Sciences Dep, Kumaun Univ, Nainital, Campus, Bhimtal, Uttarakhand, Email: vijaykantpurohit@rediffmail.com) : Biological activities of Valeriana wallichii DC. Med Pl 2012, 4(3), 115-20.

Valeriana wallichii (Valerianaceae) is an indigenous medicinal and aromatic plant of Himalayan region and that is widely exploited for its roots and rhizomes which contain valepotriates and valerinic acids (with putative pharmacological activities). It is used as ethno medicine for the treatment of habitual constipation, insomnia, epilepsy, neurosis, anxiety, diuretic, hepatoprotective, analgesic and cytotoxic, antispasmodic, anticonvulsant, nematicidal, anti inflammatory, etc. Several phytoconstituent have been isolated from different parts of the plant belonging to the category volatile oils, iridoids, alkaloids and flavonoids. A review of biological activities of Valeriana wallichii is discussed in this article.

45 ref

021288   Sai Murali R S;Basavaraju R (Biosciences Dep, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Prasanthi Nilayam-515 134, Email: saimuralirs@sssihl.edu.in) : Influence of plant growth regulators on the in vitro morphogenetic and callogenetic competence of Adhatoda vasica Nees. Med Pl 2012, 4(3), 138-42.

Describes the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on in vitro responses of nodal explants of Adhatoda vasica. Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium containing 1.0 mg L^-16-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.05 mg L^-1 α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) showed significantly higher establishment of the nodal explant. Kinetin (KIN) resulted in establishment and proliferation of shootlets. Addition of 0.05 mg L^-1NAA and 0.1 mg L^-1BAP alone and combination of 0.05 mg L^-1NAA + 0.1 mg L^-1BAP + 0.1 mg L^-1KIN formed shootlets. The axenic shoots in the multiplication and elongation medium fortified with 0.05 mg L^-1NAA +1.0 mg L^-1BAP gave multiple shoots and elongation of the shootlets. A combination of 0.05 mg L^-1NAA +1.0 mg L^-1KIN showed synergistic effect on elongation of leaves and petioles. In vitro root induction, proliferation and elongation were observed with 0.5 mg L^-1Indole-S-butyric acid. Significant callus induction and proliferation ensued with the treatments - 0.05 mg L^-1NAA + 0.1 mg L^-1BAP; 0.05 mg L^-1NAA + 0.1 mg L^-1BAP + 0.1 mg L^-1KIN; and 1 mg L^-1 2,4-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid).

3 illus, 19 ref