001571   Haldor Topsoe A/S (NO, , Nymollevej 55 DK-2800 Lyngby Danish Company, Denmark) : Waste heat boiler for cooling a hot process stream. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001570   Gellert J U (NO, , 7A Prince Street, Georgetown, Ontario, Canada L7G 2X1, Canada) : Injection molding nozzle. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001569   Foster Wheeler Energy Corp (NO, , Perry Ville Corporate Park, Clinton, New Jersey 08809-4000, USA) : Hybrid steam generator and a steam generating method. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001568   Fisher-Rosemount Systems Inc (NO, , 8301, Cameron Road, Austin, Texas 78754, USA) : Process control loop. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001567   Fisher - Rosemount Systems, Inc (NO, , A Delaware Corporation, 8301, Cameron Road, Austin, Texas 78754 USA) : Distributed control system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001566   Fil Terwerk Mann + Hummel GMBH (NO, , Hindenburgstrasse 45, 71638, Ludwigsburg, Germany) : Fluid-powered centrifugal cleaner device. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001565   Fianara International B V (NO, , Rivierstaete Building, Amsteldijk 166, NL-1079 LH, Amsterdam, The Netherland) : Coffee machine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001564   ESCO Corp (NO, , 2141 N.W. 25th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97210, USA) : Lock pin for coupling a point to an adapter to form an excavating tooth. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001563   Erico Lightning Technologies Pvt Ltd (NO, , Technopark Dowsings Point, Tasmania, Australia) : Spark gap ignition apparatus for initiating the firing of a spark gap. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001562   Enexus Corp (NO, , 7 Gaston Farm Road, Greenwich Connecticut 06831, USA) : Apparatus and a process for coating a substrate with electrically charged resinous powder particles. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001561   Energy Research Corp (NO, , 3 Great Pasture Road, Danbury, Connecticut 06813, USA) : Matrix for use in carrying carbonate electrolyte and a method of manufacturing the same. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001560   Ebara Corp (NO, , 11-1, Haneda Asahi-Cho, Ohta-Ku, Tokyo, Japan) : Apparatus for treating waste gases. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001559   Design and Manufacturing Solutions Inc (NO, , 6129, Savoy Circle, Lutz, Florida 33549, USA) : Tunable damping system for reducing vibrations in machining processes. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001558   Denis-Michel Ledoux (NO, , 62 Fontenay, Lorraine, Quebec, Canada J6Z, IR 7, Canada) : Reverse osmosis electrostatic device for treating water. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001557   De La Rue Glon S A (NO, , 4, rue de La Paix, 1003 Lausanne/Switzerland) : Suction roller. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001556   Daewoo Electronics Corp (NO, , 686, Ahyeon-Dong Mapo-Gu, Seoul, Korea) : Apparatus for encoding an image signal by using the contour signal thereof. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001555   Daewoo Electronics Corp (NO, , 686 Ahyeon-Dong Mapo-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea) : Apparatus for encoding a contour of an object by adapting vertex coding technique. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001554   Daewoo Electronics Co Ltd (NO, , 541,5-GA, Namdaemoon-Ro Jung-Ku, Seoul, Korea) : Microwave oven door. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001553   Copeland Corp (NO, , Campbell Road, Sidney Ohio 45365-0669, USA) : Scroll type machine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001552   Chauhan A D S (NO, , Flat No 7, Aangan Apartments, Block No. 20, Urmi Society, Alkapur, Baroda-390 008) : Gas air filtering system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001551   Charulatha S (NO, , Old No. 320, New No. 625 Raja Street, Coimbatore-641 001) : Multi-volume measuring bottle. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001550   CCL Stressing Systems LTd (NO, , Cooper-Parry, 102 Friar Gate, Derby, Derbyshire De1 1FH, England) : Anchorage assembly for a pre-stressed concrete structure. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001549   BTR, Plc (NO, , Silvertown House, Vincent Square, London SW1P 2PL, England) : Tapered plug valve. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001548   Black & Decker Inc (NO, , 1423 Kirkwood Highway, Newark, Delaware 19711, USA) : Retention latch. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001547   Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (NO, , BHEL House, Sri Fort, New Delhi-110 049) : Improved impeller for centrifugal compressor. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001546   Antonov Automotive Technologies B V (NO, , Weena 373, NL-3013, Alrotterdam, Netherlands) : Transmission apparatus. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001545   Allied Tube & Conduit Corp (NO, , 16100 South Lathrop Avenue, Harvey, Illinois 6-426, USA) : Coating apparatus and method for applying a coating to a length of horizontally oriented metal lubing. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001544   Alcan International Ltd (NO, , 1188 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 3G2) : Process for manufacturing a metal strip and an apparatus for the same. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001543   Zhang H;Shan J (Civil Eninering Dep, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210 098, P. R. China) : Stochastic response analysis of buildings due to ground deformation random fields. J Struct Engng 2003, 30(3), 147-52.

The movement and deformation of rock strata under buildings in the mining areas are random variables, which leads to stochastic response of buildings. Additional stresses in building resulting from random deformations of rock strata are investigated by means of Perturbation Stochastic Finite Element Method (PSFEM). The deformation random field of ground bottom is discretized, considering the working in coordination of ground foundation-superstructure. The influence of the horizontal deformation and the deformation curvature on the additional stresses of the building is studied. A numerical example of the stochastic response of the building with random geometry is included to show the accuracy and efficiency of the method.

8 illus, 17 ref

001542   Vo P H;Haldar A (Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0072, USA, ) : Health assessment of beams - experimental investigations. J Struct Engng 2004, 31(1), 23-30.

Experimental study on the health assessment of defect-free and defective beams recently completed at the University of Arizona is presented in this paper. The method can be extended to consider frame-type structures. The researchers at the University of Arizona proposed a finite-element-based time-domain system identification technique, known as ILS-UI, to detect defects at the local element level of structures. The algorithm does not need excitation information. The theoretical basis of the method is presented in the companion paper. The experimental verification of the method is presented in this paper. Defect-free and defective fixed-ended and simply supported beams are successfully identified by tracking the reduction of stiffness of elements. Initially, the optimal number of finite elements required to capture the dynamic behavior of a beam was studied. The ILS-SI method was then verified using computer generated theoretical response imformation. Experimental invstigations were then carried out to verify the algorithm. Raw data obtained from the experiments failed to identify the elemental stiffness of the beam. Several post-processing techniques were used to remove many undesirable features from the records. The algorithm again failed to identify elemental stiffness of the beam even after the post-processing of the response data. Reasons behind the failure were then investigated. Errors in the amplitude and phase shifts were found to be the most critical factors for the non-convergence of the algorithm. Additional mitigation methods were then proposed to reduce the amplitude and phase shift errors that enabled the algorithm to successfully quantify the changes in the elemental stiffness. It can be concluded that ILS-UI algorithm is validated using laboratory measured response information and it can be used as a method for detecting defects in structures.

5 illus, 3 tables, 8 ref

001541   Verma A K;Deb D (Mining Engineering Dep, IIT, Kharagpur-721-302) : Stability analysis of canopy and base structures of chock shield support using three dimensional finite element models. Indian Min Engng J 2003, 42(8-9), 16-23.

Longwall mining technique is more profitable in terms of safety, productivity and potential of full automation. Today, the capacity of powered support can be as high as 1200 short ton to cope with variety of mine roofs. The selection of longwall power support (LWPS) is of utmost important for better safety, efficiency and economyy of longwall mining. Prior to the installation in a real longwall face it is customary to test the LWPS for its structural stability and design specifications of hydraulic legs. In India, Indian Coal Industry Specification (ICIS) 001/1991 has been adopted for testing of various components of LWPS. There are two types of test carried by the manufacturer, type test: to check each and every powered support fort the quality of manufacture, and in routine test: to check for adequacy of its various components to withstand different loading conditions that may encounter in the mine. In this paper, three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA) has been conducted for the second type of test to evaluate the stability of the canopy and the base of 4x550 t capacity Gullick Dobson chock shield support. These types of support are frequently being used in longwall panels in India especially in the eastern region.

9 illus, 3 tables, 8 ref

001540   Vaidyanathan C V;Thrivenkatachari V;Appa Rao T V S R (Dept of Structural Engg, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002) : Performance based evaluation of damage levels for repair/retrofitting of structures. J Struct Engng 2004, 31(1), 85-8.

Earthquake forces cause distress and damage to structures. The structures suffer different levels of distress. The present design philosophy of life safety and collapse prevention generally results in structures which are safe under normal earthquakes, suffer repairable damage in moderate earthquakes and continue to stay without collapse under major earthquakes. It has been observed in the recent earthquakes that the structures designd following the above philosophy have withstood the earthquake forces but needed variety of retrofitting and rehabilitation measures resulting in economic losses of different proportions. Thus there is a a definite need to quantify the performance of the structures and the damage potential so that the levels of the safety can be assessed. This again would help in prescribing appropriate repair/retrofiting measures with the anticipated performance. A step-by-step procedures is presented in this paper for this purpose. From a detailed non-linear analysis with different ground motions, the characteristic parameter PGA are related to storey and roof drifts which are taken as performance measures. The relationship between drift and damage level are establishd based on the response of the structure using damage index approach. Again, these set damage limits, in terms of drift, are correlated to the force-drift relationship using the pushover analysis. The defined performance levels and their relationship to drift can be used in the performance evaluation procedure. The procedure is illustrated with an example problem of a reinforced cocrete building.

4 illus, 4 ref

001539   Umar A;Datta T K (Civil Engineering Dep, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202 002) : Estimation of wave forces in finite depth of water - a comparative study. J Struct Engng 2003, 30(3), 179-87.

13 illus, 9 ref

001538   Uma S R;Prasad A M (Civil Engineering Dep, Shanmugha College of Engineering, SASTRA, Thanjavur-613 402) : Analytical model for beam column joint in RC frames under seismic conditions. J Struct Engng 2003, 30(3), 163-71.

Beam column joint in reinforced concrete (RC) frames is a crucial zone, the integrity of which is essential for the satisfactory performance of the whole structure. A new analytical model has been proposed to identify the shear behaviour of joint panel zone. Joint panel zone has been idealised as 2D element subjected to in-plane shear and normal stresses. The shear response of the joint core has been characterised by shear stress - shear strain (deformation) relationship established by softened truss model theory. Inelastic behaviour associated with the slip of longitudinal reinforcement anchored in the joint is represented through bar slippage model. The effect of cyclic load on the total response of the structure is obtained through proper hysteretic modelling of beam, column and joints. The behaviour of joints has been studied by carrying out non-linear dynamic analyses on experimental sub-assemblages under cylic loads. Good correlation between predicted and test results were obtained.

10 illus, 1 table, 26 ref

001537   Sundarapandian V (Mathematics Dep, IIT, Kanpur-208 016) : Non-linear observer design for Hopf bifurcating systems. J Instn Engrs-Pt EL 2004, 85(Jun), 18-22.

Necessary and sufficient conditions for local exponential observers for Lyapunov stable nonlinear automomous systems is derived using centre manifold theory. Using this characterization of exponential observers, a construction procedure for Hopf bifurcating system has been presented. As an application of the construction procedure, and exponential observer for a classical example of a Hopf bifurcating system has been built namely, the Van der Pol ascillator.

^ccr6 ref

001536   Sukumar S;Parameswaran P;Jayagopal L S (Dept of Civil Engineering, T P Govt Institute of Technology, Vellore) : Torsional flexural buckling of built-up open cross-sections under eccentric load. J Struct Engng 2003, 30(4), 259-63.

The general behaviour of built-up open cross-sections, under eccentric axial loadings, in the plane of symmetry, considering the effect of shearing deformations due to lacing bars, is examined. Using the classical theory of Torsional-Flexural buckling, a simple interaction equation is developed and the complete range of behaviour of such eccentric members is explored.

4 illus, 9 ref

001535   Sodhi G S;Jasjeet Kaur (University of Delhi, , Delhi-110 007) : Fingerprint power formulation based on azure II dye. Def Sci J 2004, 54(2), 179-82.

A novel fingerprint-dusting composition based on an organic dye, azure, has been prepared. The proportion of the dye in the formulation is 1 per cent, the remaining being an adhesive mixture of meshed aluminum, boric acid, talc, and barium carbonate. The powder gives sharp and clear prints on a wide range of absorbent and non-absorbent surfaces, including multicoloured ones. Weak, chance prints may be detected under ultraviolet light.

2 illus, 11 ref

001534   Singh S N;Radhey Shyam;Vats P;Singh V K;Singh S B;Das S (Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences, , Delhi-110 054) : Biochemical changes in lowlanders on descent to plains after prolonged stay at high altitude-A cross-sectional study. Def Sci J 2004, 54(2), 169-78.

The biochemical changes taking place in human subjects following de-induction to plains from high altitude (5700-6100m) after a prolonged stay of 9-13 months were investigated in 120 soldiers in four groups of 30 each on day 5, 30, 60 and 90 after their descent. One group of soldiers, who were never posted at high altitude served as control. Haemoglobin levels, which were initially high after 5 days of de-induction dropped to significantly lower levels in the group studied on day 60 after de-induction. No clinically abnormal changes were noted in activities of serum enzymers, ie, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and Y-glutamyl transpeptidase. Alanine aminotransferase activity was found significantly elevated in 5-day group (53.1±0.241U/l). Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were higher in 30 day group in comparison to groups studied on day 5,60 and 90 after de-induction from high altitude. Activity of glutathione S-transferase was more in groups studied on day 30 and 60 and may be in response to increased demand for detoxification of certain metabolites. Endogenous creatinine clearance was impaired with concomitant increase in serum creatinine levels. The creatinine clearance returned to normal only in group studied on day 90 after de-induction. Testosterone and estradiol levels were within normal physiological limits. However, there was increase in testosterone levels follwoing deinduction. Results of this cross-sectional study indicate that it takes 1-3 months after de-induction from high altitude for biochemical parameters to reach normal levels.

7 tables, 40 ref

001533   Shukla M;Gupta U;Choubey U B (Deptt of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, S G S Institute of Technology and Science, Indore) : Equations of cyclic reloading and unloading curves of SFRC. J Struct Engng 2003, 30(4), 265-72.

4 illus, 1 table, 22 ref

001532   Sharma S (Institute of Technology, , Greater Noida-201 301) : Elastic-plastic transition of a non-homgeneous thick-walled circular cylinder under internal pressure. Def Sci J 2004, 54(2), 135-41.

Elastic-plastic stresses have been derived for a cylinder under internal pressure using Seth's transition theory. The effect of non-homogeneity has been discussed numerically and depicted graphically. It has been observed that a cylinder made of non-homogeneous material with non-homogeneity increasing radially requires a higher percentage increase in pressure to become fully plastic than to its initial yielding as compared to homogeneous cylinder and is on the safer side of the design.

1 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

001531   Selvi K;Ramaraj N;Umayal S P (NO, Thigarajar College of Engineering, Madurai-625 015) : Genetic algorithm applications to stochastic thermal power dispatch. J Instn Engrs-Pt EL 2004, 85(Jun), 43-8.

A genetic algorithm (GA) based effective method for the optimal scheduling of thermal generation incorporating the uncertainties in the system production cost data has been presented. A stochastic model of system production cost equation is formulated, with production cost coefficients and generator outputs as random variables. Minimization of total operating cost for thermal units in the system subjected to recognized constraints is solved using simple genetic algorithm (SGA). The advantages of this method lie in its faster convergence towards the global solution. The algorithm gives fairly accurate results. The effectiveness of the method has been demonstrated by analyzing sample systems and the results have been presented.

3 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

001530   Satpathy P K;Das D;Dutta Gupta P B (Electrical Engineering Dep, IIT, Kharagpur-721 302) : Power flow analysis using fuzzy set approach. J Instn Engrs-Pt EL 2004, 85(Jun), 55-9.

The attributes of fuzzy set theory have been successfully explored and implemented for performing the power flow analysis in a fuzzy environment. The input parameters and other variables in the system are fuzzified through a judicious selection for the fuzzy membership distribution function. In the modelling part, the system loads and available generations are modelled with the help of trapezoidal membership functions. The basic objective was to observe whether the power flow results exhibit fuzzy membership. A case study on IEEE 14 bus test system is conducted to validate this objective. Simulation results reveal that voltage magnitudes, voltage angles, power generation and power losses in the system show membership distribution.

3 illus, 4 tables, 9 ref

001529   Satpathy P K;Das D;Dutta Gupta P B (Electrical Engineering Dep, IIT, Kharagpur-721 302) : Static voltage stability analysis using fuzzy set approach. J Instn Engrs-Pt EL 2004, 85(Jun), 49-54.

A continuation power technique with fuzzy load modelling is proposed for steady state analysis of the voltage stability problems in transmission networks. The uncertainties in loads and generations at the system buses are efficiently modelled in terms of fuzzy sets by assigning trapezoidal membership functions. The results include fuzzy load flow solutions for the base case and critical conditions. A fuzzy index is also proposed in terms of the available MW/MVAR margin between the current operating point and the critical (nose) point. A case study on the IEEE 14 bus test system is carried out to demonstrate the implementation of the proposed method. Numerical results obtained from the simulation study justify the efficiency and flexibility of the proposed scheme to handle the uncertainties.

5 illus, 2 tables, 7 ref

001528   Ravi Sankar;Paliwal D N;Jha D (Applied Mechanics Dep, Motilal Nehru Regional Engineering College, Allahabad-211 004) : Free vibrations of a cylindrical shell resting on an elastic foundation. J Struct Engng 2003, 30(3), 139-146.

Free vibrations of thin cylindrical shell resting on an elastic foundation are analyzed using Differential quadrature Method. To make the present quadrature Solution computationally efficient, circumferential periodicity condition is made use of before applying quadrature rule to the governing differential equations. In the semi-analytical-quadrature analysis, the `best' first order theory of Sander is used. The results are in excellent agreement with those obtained by analytical approach. The effect of thickness ratio, longitudinal, and circumferential wave numbers, and foundation modulii on eigenfrequencies is discussed. It is concluded that with the introduction of foundation parameters, the lowest eigenfrequencies (in radial mode) begin to increase. The lowest frequencies of vibration also increase with increase in circumferential and longitudinal mode numbers. Thickness ratio, the radial (lowest) frequencies of shell resting on Winkler foundation approach longitudinal (highest) frequencies. The influence of thickness ratio is more for higher values of circumferential wave number. Thickness ratio has no effect on the frequencies of shells resting on a Pasternak foundation.

5 illus, 21 ref

001527   Raut V D;Khopade R S;Rajopadhye M V; Narasimhan V L (High Energy Materials Research Labaoratory, , Pune-411 021) : Recovery of ammonium nitrate and reusable acetic acid from effluent generated during HMX production. Def Sci J 2004, 54(2), 161-7.

Production of HMX on commercial scale is mainly carried out by modified Bachmann process, and acetic acid constitutes major portion of effluent/spent liquor produced during this process. The recovery of glacial acetic acid from this spent liquor is essential to make the process commercially viable besides making it eco-friendly by minimising the quantity of disposable effluent. The recovery of glacial acetic acid from spent liquor is not advisable by simple distillaion since it contains, in addition to acetic acid, a small fraction of nitric acid, traces of RDX, HMX, and undesired nitro compounds. The process normally involves neutralising the spent mother liquor with liquor ammonia and then distillating the neutralised mother liquor under vacuum to recover dilute acetic acid (strength approx. 30). The dilute acetic acid, in turn, is concentrated to glacial acetic acid by counter current solvent extraction, followed by distillation. The process is very lengthy and the energy requirement is also very high, rendering the process economically unviable. Hence, a novel method has been developed on bench-scale to obtain glacial acetic acid directly from the mother liquor after the second ageing process.

4 illus, 2 tables, 6 ref

001526   Raju K R (Structural Engineering Research Centre, CSIR Campus, Taramani, Chennai-600 113) : Creation of knowledge base for design of steel compression members in towers/trusses using artificial neural networks. J Struct Engng 2003, 30(4), 247-57.

Usefulness of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in the creation of knowledge base available in the form of design standards has been demonatration. As an example, ANN is used for design of compression member. A new methodology is developed for arriving at optimum column section for the given effective length and compressive load using Artificial Neural Network simulation. This methodology facilitates in quick selection of the section with minimum weight and adequate load carrying capacity is possible for column design from the available sections. The present method is developed for design of columns with hot rolled angle sections given in IS:1989. The steps involved in capturing the buckling equation of steel compression members in a fed-forward neural network and the same is used for design of a space truss. The developed model can be used in optimum design of towers/trusses.

8 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref

001525   Rackwitz R (Institut fuer Baustoffe and Konstrukton, Technische Universitaet, Technical University Munich, Muenchen, Arcisstr, 21, D-80290, Muenchen, Germany) : Optimization of sustainable civil engineering infrastructures. J Struct Engng 2004, 31(1), 35-49.

Technical facilities should be optimal with respect to benefits and cost. Cost-benefits analysis is the framework in which the considerations are valid. It is found that the only replacement strategy fulfilling the requirement of sustainability is systematic reconstruction after failure. If the structure is deteriorating a suitable inspection and maintenance strategy has to be adopted. Repairs must be planned already in the design phase and must be such that they correspond to renewal, i.e. re-establish the (stochastically) initial state. Some suitable objective functions are developed based on a renewal model. Special techniques for solving the optimization problem are also presented. Technical and natural risks are perceived individually and on a societal level rather irrationally and subjectively. Only if society acts rationally in controlling involuntary and anonymous risks from the natural and technical environment in an affordable and efficient manner can it gain better overall life quality in the long run. The strategies to reduce risks have been discussed but no specific recommendations were possible because most societies lack a clear statement of their ethical preferences.

5 illus, 1 table, 54 ref

001524   Pimpale S S (NO, , 6/A, Pandurang Niwas, New Ayre Road, Dombivli-421 201) : Mechanism of negative space charge in gas subjected to corona discharge. Def Sci J 2004, 54(2), 143-50.

The currents produced by low frequency electrodeless discharge of ozoniser filled with argon at P=10 mm mercury have been measured using a galvanometer actuated by the crystal rectifier and a resistor of 500 om. The measurements have also been made simultaneously with the help of electronic scaler. The data are presented graphically by the plots of current against potential. A change in slope of the curves for a pulse height of 5 V has been attempted on the basis of space-charge-limited current and mathematically formulated equation, viz. I=A'.V.∧V_o; where A'is a constant of proportionality and is equal to 2K/C.P.π.R²_owlog (R_ow/R_iw), which can be determined from the known values of reduced mobility of the ions of the space charge (K); the pressure (P); the radii of outer (R_ow) and inner (R_iw) cylinders and the over voltages, (ΔV_o). A side by side measurement of the light effect, ie, change ±ΔI_g in the discharge current due to external irradiation, revealed to definite dependence of sign and magnitude of the ΔI_g on the potential in the system studied. Thus, on irradiation of the discharge by light from a 15 W tungsten filament clear glass bulb, at low potentials [below the first threshold potential of argon, (V_g)], there was practically no variation in the current, while at higher potentials, at and above V_g, the current was completely enhanced. Further, a few ramifications related to defence, of such instantaneous and reversible photo-variation of discharge current due to radiation, are also described.

2 illus, 15 ref

001523   Pathak K K;Sehgal D K;Kumar R (Regional Research Laboratory, , Bhopal-462 026) : Shape optimization of prestressed concrete structures. J Struct Engng 2003, 30(4), 239-46.

Prestressing of the concrete is carried out to relieve it from tensile stresses. For given cable layout and prestressing force, shape optimization of prestressed concrete structures can be carried out provided tension failure criterion is not violated. A gradient-less method, which works on the basis of design element, has been adopted. To enhance the speed of the shape optimization, artificial neural networks have been used. Finite element method has been used for analysis whereas prestressing cables are modeled as B-spline. These features have been incorporated in a Fortran software PRGSN2D. Using this software three numerical examples have been solved highlighting the succeses achieved.

10 illus, 6 tables, 8 ref

001522   Patel N K;Khubchandani R K (Electrical Engineering Dep, Faculty of Engineering, J N V University, Jodhpur-342 001) : ANN based power transformer fault diagnosis. J Instn Engrs-Pt EL 2004, 85(Jun), 60-3.

An artificial neural network (ANN) technique has been presented to recognize the incipient faults of power transformers. The technique improves the diagnosis accuracy of the conventional dissolved gas analysis (DGA) approaches. The ANN is trained by using adaptive back propagation learning algorithm that converges much faster than the conventional back propagation algorithm. The developed ANN system for the power transformer fault diagnosis has superior performance in fault diagnosis as compared to the conventional methods.

2 illus, 3 tables, 5 ref