013745   Aiyetoro G;Takawira F (Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering Dep, Univ of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa) : New packet scheduling scheme in satellite HSDPA networks. IETE J Res 2015, 61(1), 3-13.

Satellite access networks serve as an extension of the terrestrial access networks counterparts to provide services to areas where terrestrial access is not technically or economically viable. This paper proposes a new packet scheduling scheme that is designed for satellite high speed downlink packet access (S-HSDPA) networks using a cross-layer approach. The proposed scheduler uses the channel state information (CSI), queuing factors and application type (QoS factors) in taking scheduling decisions. The performance of the proposed scheduler is favourably compared with other schedulers in literature. This paper also investigates the effect of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) margin that has been introduced to compensate for the propagation delay experienced in GEO satellites in order to ensure an appropriate CSI is used by packet scheduler in the Node B of the S-HSDPA network. The optimal SNR margin that will provide the best performance (capacity) is then computed.

11 illus, 3 tables, 27 ref

013744   Ahmad S;Vikas Kumar (NO, Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad-500 058, Email: sa_drdo@rediffmail.com) : Structural integrity analysis of a battle tank gun barrel during service. Def Sci J 2015, 65(1), 83-9.

In the present investigation, failure assessment diagram (FAD) using R6 approach has been established for structural integrity analysis of a battle tank gun barrel. FEM based modelling was carried out to evaluate maximum stresses in the barrel section during firing. A detailed sensitivity analysis of various geometres, service and material parameters has been performed to assess their criticality on overall safety of the structures. The study has been carried out using actual material and firing data of a battle tank gun barrel and therefore it can give useful insight to a designer while selecting a material and designing a similar component.

10 illus, 16 ref

012789   Xiang H;Wang C;Guo X;Xia Z (NO, Hunan Univ, Changsha, Hunan, China) : Low voltage and high speed Dual-Modulus Prescaler with E-TSPC Technology for frequency synthesizer. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2015, 38(3), 207-11.

In this paper, a new extended true-single-phase-clock (E-TSPC) based divide-by-2/3 prescaler is proposed for low supply voltage and low power consumption applications. By using pass transistor logic and changing the logic gates, the critical path between the E-TSPC flip-flops has been reduced. Prescaler is designed by Cadence in chartered 0.18 μm CMOS process. Simulation results show that proposed dual-modulus prescaler can work up to 3.9 GHz under 0.9 V supply voltage with 226 μW power consumption and it is suitable for low power and high speed frequency synthesizer in wireless communication system.

8 ref

012788   Vasu T S;Bhandakkar T K (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400 0766ethamaraivasu@iitb.ac.in) : Semi-analytical solution to plane strain loading of elastic layered coating on an elastic substrate. Sadhana 2015, 40(7), 2221-38.

Plane strain loading of a linear elastic layered coating halfspace is solved semi-analytically through a combination of Airy stress function and Fourier transforms and highly simplified and compact expressions for displacement and stresses in layer and substrate are presented in terms of pressure distribution in the loaded region. The results are applied to study the influence of layer thickness and mismatch in elastic modulus between layer and substrate on the stresses and displacement during loading of layered coating system. Lastly the effect of degree of smoothness of the pressure profile on the plane strain loading response of layered coating system is simulated through three different pressure profiles for a fixed total load and loading zone length.

7 illus, 52 ref

012787   Van T N;Duc T C;Duc-Tan T (Electronics and Telecommunication Dep, Broadcasting College 1, Phule City, Hanam Province, Vietnam) : Application of street tracking algorithm in an INS/ GPS integrated navigation system. IETE J Res 2015, 61(3), 251-8.

Most inertial navigation system/global positioning system (INS/GPS) navigation systems for vehicles estimate position, velocity, and heading information from the GPS, and dead reckoning such as INS using a Kalman filter. However, it may suffer from INS noise, GPS noise and, especially, GPS outage. Map-matching is an additional facility to reduce errors caused by GPS outage. Usually, it has to trade-off between the performance and the complexity. In this paper, we have proposed a new map-matching algorithm called street tracking algorithm (STA) to not only correct the position error, but also estimate the velocity and the heading of the navigation system. When the GPS signal is lost, the Kalman filter is put in prediction mode and the STA is enabled. The raw acceleration of inertial measurement unit measured in body frame is also brought directly to STA as an input. The experimental result has shown that when GPS signal is lost, we can control the position error at around 2.5 m, and the velocity error at around 3.2 m/s. The proposed map-matching algorithm STA can be applied in various kinds of environment due to its simplicity and flexibility.

12 illus, 13 ref

012786   Tiwari H;Sharma N (Water Resources Development and Management Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247 667, Email: haribit31@gmail.com) : Flow hydrodynamics near inlet key of Piano Key Weir (PKW). Sadhana 2015, 40(7), 2253-61.

This paper presents fundamental outcomes from an experimental study on the hydrodynamic performance near inlet key of Piano Key Weir (PKW). Hydro-dynamic performance was tested in a circulated open channel that comprised of PKW and sand bed (d₅₀ - 0.25 mm). Instantaneous velocities were measured at 20 cross sections using Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) with constant discharge and depth. Average velocity and turbulence intensities in both directions were investigated. Average longitudinal velocities are found very much consistent at every point and maximum around the midway of inlet key. In transverse direction, flow is bifurcating in two directions which are also confirmed by average transverse velocity estimation. Variation of turbulence intensity presents average 10 times higher transverse turbulence than longitudinal turbulence near inlet key of PKW.

4 illus, 3 tables, 38 ref

012785   Takalkar S M;Gaikwad K G;Velani K N (NO, Takalkar Power Engineers and Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Vadodara, Gujarat) : Laying of large EHV underground cable network-issues of heat dissipation. Wat Energy int 2015, 58(4), 39-43.

012784   Sure P;Bhuma C M (NO, Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh-522 510, Email: pallaviram.sure@yahoo.com) : Weighted-noise threshold based channel estimation for OFDM systems. Sadhana 2015, 40(7), 2111-28.

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology is the key to evolving telecommunication standards including 3GPP-LTE Advanced and WiMAX. Reliability of any OFDM system increases with improved mean square error performance (MSE) of its channel estimator (CE). Particularly, a least squares (LS) based CE incorporating a time-domain denoising threshold, enables better MSE performance, while avoiding the need for a-priori knowledge of channel statistics (KCS). Existing optimal time-domain thresholds exhibit suboptimal behavior for completely unavailable KCS environments. This is because they involve consistent estimation of one or more KCS parameters, and corresponding estimation errors introduce severe degradation in MSE performance of the CE. To overcome the MSE degradation, this paper proposes a weighted-noise threshold, by introducing a modified hypothesis-testing-problem (HTP) interpretation. Derivation of resulting analytical MSE expression is also provided. Results of OFDM system simulations carried out in rayleigh faded ITU-TU6 and WiMAX-SUI4 channel environments with U-shaped power spectral densities, are presented. The performance results show that, compared to many of the existing thresholds, the proposed threshold renders better MSE performance to the CE and higher reliability to the OFDM system in terms of better bit error rate (BER) performance.

9 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

012783   Stosic B P;Milic D N;Pavlovic V D (Telecommunications Dep, Nis Univ, Faculty of Engineering, Nis, Serbia) : New CIC filter architecture: design, parametric analysis and some comparisons. IETE J Res 2015, 61(3), 244-50.

New CIC filter architecture, i.e. CIC (cascaded-integrator-comb) FIR (finite impulse response) filter functions, designed by introducing spreading of the delays in the comb stages is presented here. The design forms of modified CIC filters that approximate simultaneously both magnitude and group delay specifications are given. The benefit of the novel filter class is demonstrated by a few example filter functions and their comparisons with existing classical CIC structures and one technique given in the literature. The effect of the compensation filter on the frequency response (reduction of the passband droop) is also shown. The novel cascaded-filter architecture has valuable benefits: wider passband range, higher insertion loss; in stopband, as well as smaller values of integer coefficients of the impulse response.

6 illus, 3 tables, 10 ref

012782   Starvin M S;Manisekar K (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Anna Univ Tirunelveli Region, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu-627 007, Email: mstarvin@gmail.com) : The effect of manufacturing tolerances on the load carrying capacity of large diameter bearings. Sadhana 2015, 40(6), 1899-1911.

This paper deals with simplified 3D finite element (FE) analysis on the effect of manufacturing tolerances on the load carrying capacity of large diameter bearings based on Hertz theory. The nonlinear connector elements are used to model the rolling elements. This model enables us to evaluate the contact load on the rolling elements with relatively reduced calculation time. FE study has been carried out by allocating tolerance on balls and raceways using Monte Carlo simulation technique. The variation in dimension on balls is taken as per IS 2898-1976. A coding has been developed and employed for Monte Carlo simulation. Using the results of Monte Carlo simulation, tolerance has been assigned to the elements of large diameter bearing. From the results of finite element analysis, it is identified that analysis of large diameter bearing with tolerance on ball and raceway will lead to safe design.

11 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

012781   Soni B P;Agravatt A;Ghodakiya D R (NO, Gujarat Energy Tranmission Corporation Limited, GETCO, India) : Adoption of hybrid switchnear for improvement and up-gradation. Wat Energy int 2015, 58(4), 32-6.

5 illus, 1 table

012780   Smys S;Prakash J T;Jennifer S R (NO, , IT Dep, Karpagam College of Engineering Coimbatore) : Conducted emission reduction by frequency hopping spread spectrum techniques. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2015, 38(3), 197-201.

Spreading the switching frequency of a DC-DC converter is a cost effective method for reducing conducted emission. In this paper the main objective is to implement spread spectrum techniques in a digitally controlled DC-DC converter and to reduce conducted emission by modulation. To vary the switching frequency the spectrum can be spread across a band of frequencies and thus reducing the peak amplitude at individual frequencies. Here we introduce two methods Bifrequency technique and spread spectrum techniques. The effect of these techniques in ripple current and output ripple will be analyzed. The analysis is carried out on a digital DC-DC converter which has a PID based control device.

9 ref

012779   Singla A;Tewari A;Dasgupta B (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Thapar Univ, Patiala-147 004, Email: ashish.singla@thapar.edu) : Vibration suppression during input tracking of a flexible manipulator using a hybrid controller. Sadhana 2015, 40(6), 1865-98.

Aim of this paper is to investigate the performance of the hybrid controller for end-point vibration suppression of a flexible manipulator, while it is tracking a desired input profile. Due to large structural vibrations, precise control of flexible manipulators is a challenging task. A hybrid controller is used to track large movements of flexible robotic manipulators, which is a combination of inverse dynamics feedforward control, command shaping and linear state feedback control. The case study of a single-link flexible manipulator is considered, where the manipulator is controlled under open-loop as well as closed-loop control scheme. In the open-loop control scheme, the aim is to test the effectiveness of the command shaper in reducing the vibration levels. Moreover, the effect of payload variations on the performance of command shapers and the importance of more robust shapers is demonstrated in this work. Under the closed-loop control scheme, the control objective is to track the large-hub angle trajectory, while maintaining low vibration levels. In comparison to collocated PD control, being reported in the literature, large reductions in tip acceleration levels as well as input torque magnitudes are observed with the proposed hybrid controller.

15 illus, 6 tables, 33 ref

012778   Singh K;Lataye D H;Wasewar K L (Chemical Engineering Dep, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur-440 010, Email: kalpanatrue@gmail.com) : Adsorption of fluoride onto sugarcane bagasse (saccharum officinarum): an application of Taguchi's design of experimental methodology. J Indian Wat Wks Ass 2015, 47(1), 285-94.

This paper deals with application of Taguchi's experiment design to optimize various parameters for the removal of fluoride ions from aqueous solution using sugarcane bagasse as an adsorbent. The effect of various parameters (initial concentration of fluoride (C₀), temperature (T), adsorbent dose (m), and contact time (t)) on adsorption capacity (q_tot) of bagasse to adsorb fluoride ions has been studied at three levels. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that parameter B (C₀ is the most significant with 49.72% contribution followed by parameter A (m) with the contribution of 40.49% in the adsorption process. The percent removal of fluoride at optimum condition was found to be about 56% with the adsorption capacity of 2.23 mg/g of the adsorbent.

5 illus, 5 tables, 6 ref

012777   Shumkov A A;Hanov A M;Ablyaz T R;Morozov E A; Kilina P N;Pustovlov D O (NO, Perm National Research Polytechnic Univ, 29, Komsomolsky Ave, Building A, Office 208, Perm, Russia 614 990) : Using the technology of layer-by-layer synthesis of photopolymer material during the manufacturing of medical prototype implants. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2015, 12(2), 1777-85.

Cranio-maxillo-facial surgeons need accurate and objective information about the structure, shape and size of various types of traumatic defects for evaluating clinical picture of a disease, planning and preparation for future surgeries. Computer tomography is often used for obtaining such information; it makes it possible to obtain high-precision three-dimensional images of various structures in the human body. However in order to obtain complete and objective information, especially about the nature of traumatic damages and for their effective treatment, namely, for the use of an implant instead of a lost or a damaged organ, it is desirable to have a real three-dimensional model. Consequently, the relevant task is fast and accurate conversion of data obtained by computer tomography into a three-dimensional computer model, and then into a solid model of the lost or damaged organ. It is often impossible to manufacture individual implants of complex shape. In manufacturing implants, rapid prototyping technologies (RP - technologies) were used. The technology is based on initiating the reaction of polymerization using digital video projectors. This technology makes it possible to obtain individual implants of complex shape without using additional tools, by the results of cone-beam computer tomography. By the results of tomography, 191 images of the object were selected. The 3D-DOCTOR software suite was used to build a three-dimensional computer model; the images were merged into cross-sections of the will-be 3D model. The modes of building an implant of man's jaw from cross-linked photopolymer material SI500 have been experimentally determined. A possibility has been established to obtain individual geometrically-complex implants using the rapid prototyping technology, where two digital video projectors are used for initiating the reaction of polymerization.

7 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

012776   Shrivastava K K;Shrivastava R K (NO, , ) : Sewer network design for Gwalior city. J Indian Wat Wks Ass 2015, 47(1), 273-8.

This paper deals with design of sewer network for Morar zone of Gwalior city. The sewer network for Gwalior (MP) was designed using Computer Software. Although, every care was taken while designing the network, even than, while execution various links were assessed and required redesigning. It was noticed that in the sewer network system, few links gave a very steep slope for a very short length for maintaining self cleaning velocity. Therefore, if those links were laid as per the proposal it would result in deep excavation, deep and big manholes ultimately resulting in huge construction cost. To overcome this problem, it was necessary to evaluate each and every link and node of the computerized design. Detailed study was carried out for the total project. The links of total project from Gwalior zone as well as Morar zone were evaluated. Rectification required, was carried out for typical links resulting in huge cost saving. Redesigning of few links (233,239,242etc.) as flushing sewer resulted in reduction in executioin of work approx. 50%. However, cost saving in Morar-zone only has been selected for incorporation in this paper.

4 illus, 2 tables, 5 ref

012775   Shreesadh E C;Thakur S;Chauhan M S (Civil Engineering Dep, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal-462 003, Email: shreesadh@gmail.com) : Treatment of sewage by electro-coagulation using mild-steel & stainless-steel electrodes. J Indian Wat Wks Ass 2015, 47(1), 279-83.

In this study, the effect of pH, inter electrode distance and electrolysis time is investigated for the removal of COD and Total solids from sewage. It was found that at 12V, the optimum pH, electrolysis time and inter electrode distance were 9, 25 minutes and 2 cm respectively. Using mild steel as anode and stainless steel as cathode, the most effective removal efficiency obtained for COD was 87% with corresponding 61% removal in total solids.

5 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

012774   Sharma A;Patel M;Bimblesh Kumar (Civil Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Guwhati, Guwahati-781 039, Email: bimk@iitg.ernet.in) : Performance appraisal of velocity predictors in channel flow. J Indian Wat Wks Ass 2015, 47(1), 264-72.

Distribution of velocity is one of the basic aspects in channel flow. The knowledge of velocity distribution helps to know the velocity magnitude at each point of cross section iin channel flow. The Experimentation has been done on steady flow of sediment-laden water with different flow depths on sand size (d₅₀ =0.418mm), Instantaneous three dimensional velocities were sampled using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter. Based on experimentation, a comparative analysis has been done to various velocity predictors. The dip phenomena observed in channel flow can not be described by classical low law as devised by Prandtl (1932) and Vanoni (1941). However, these two equations are easy to implement and gives the same value of Von-Karman coefficient observed as 0.37 less than universal value (0.41). Results also concludes that different values of constant parameter were achieved due to modificatioin of models by various researchers.

6 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

012773   Shanmugapriya S;Subramanian K (Civil Engineering Dep, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore-641 014, Email: sunmu20@gmail.com) : Structural equation model to investigate the factors influencing quality performance in Indian construction projects. Sadhana 2015, 40(6), 1975-87.

Indian construction industry has seen remarkable growth and it is an integral part of the economy with massive foreign investments which demands quality construction. The pressure to reduce time and cost of construction increases the risk on the part of stakeholders with respect to quality and safety of the construction. The problem is serious and dangerous in developing countries like India which requires focus and attention for sustained growth in construction sector. This research reports on the adoption and development of structural equation model to study the fundamental relationship between five enablers of European Foundation for quality management (EFQM) framework to improve the quality performance in Indian construction projects. Data collected from clients, contractors and consultants of Indian construction industry through questionnaire survey was used to analyze the conceptual framework using smart PLS software. The conceptual model in this research includes eight hypotheses and T-statistics values is used for checking the significance of the hypothesis. The findings of the study revealed that leadership factor has strongest total effect on people factor (Path coefficient = 0.77) and process factor has strongest effect in achieving the goals of quality performance improvement in construction projects (Path coefficient = 0.7). The results indicate that Indian construction organizations must give top priority to leadership and process related problems in various phases of the project to result in continuous improvement in quality performance.

3 illus, 8 tables, 14 ref

012772   Rezvanyvardom M;Farshidi E (Electrical Engineering Dep, Shahid Chamran Univ of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran) : Design of a novel pipeline time-to-digital converter based on dual-slope interpolation and time amplification. IETE J Res 2015, 61(3), 300-07.

In this paper, a novel pipeline time-to-digital converter (TDC) is presented which employs dual-slope analog interpolation and time amplification techniques for digitizing the time interval between two input signals. The proposed converter will be a 9-bit pipeline TDC which contains three 2.5 b/stage TDCs based on analog interpolation and a delay line TDC stage. The proposed converter features low circuit complexity, low sensitivity to temperature, power supply and process (PVT) variations; and high accuracy compared with the TDCs that have previously been proposed. This converter improves the resolution and the dynamic range. Also, the converter reduces the active chip area, the power consumption, and the figure of merit. In addition, the integral nonlinearity and differential nonlinearity errors are improved. In order to evaluate the idea, the proposed TDC is designed in TSMC 0.18μm CMOS technology and simulated. Comparison of the theoretical and simulation results confirms the benefits of the proposed TDC.

17 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

012771   Raju M V S (Civil Engineering Dep, V.R. Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada-520 007) : Efficiency of sewage treatment plant-a case study. Indian J envir Prot 2015, 35(4), 281-6.

An attempt has been made to assess the performance of 40 MLD sewage treatment plant operating on upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASBR), in Vijayawada. The treatment plant consists of various treatment units - Coarse, fine screens, detritus tank, UASBR, aeration tank, secondary clarifier, disinfection. It is proposed to appraise the efficiency of each treatment unit of sewage treatment plant and then efficiency of entire treatment plant. Efficiency of each unit has been calculated considering the quality of influent and effluent. BOD and TSS have been considered for evaluating the quality of influent and effluent. The efficiency of overall treatment plant also has been evaluated. For which, sewage samples were collected and analyzed for major wastewater quality parameters in alternate days for a period of one year (April 2012- March 2013). Flow of sewage through the sewage treatment plant has been also measured to observe the fluctuations. It was found that the performance of individual units and over all treatment plant is satisfactory.

7 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

012770   Potsov V V;Krasovsky V N;Korchagin V A (NO, Tyumen State Oil and Gas Univ, Russian Federation-625 000, Tyumen, Volodarsky Str., 38) : Development of modern technologies process for vehicle parts on-condition centralized repair. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2015, 12(2), 1857-66.

The purpose of the research is to improve the efficiency of vehicle units' centralized repair on technical conditions. The application of flexible production processes in terms of small-scale production is described. The possibility of application of the multi-dimensional taxonomy for the optimization problem resolution for technological processes of vehicle units' repair has been studied. The results of experimental studies are presented. The optimizing technique for the number of repairs is developed. The possible economic impact of the implementation of the methodology is calculated.

3 illus, 2 tables, 22 ref

012769   Perati M R;Gurijala R (Mathematics Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009, Email: mperati@yahoo.com) : Investigation of torsional vibrations in thick walled hollow poroelastic cylinder using biot's extension theory. Sadhana 2015, 40(6), 1925-35.

This paper deals with the study of torsional vibrations of thick walled hollow poroelastic cylinder using Biot's extension theory. Considering the boundaries to be stress free, the frequency equation is obtained in the presence of dissipation which is transcendental and complex valued in nature. In the special case of poroelastic thin shell, frequency equation is separated into two real valued equations giving propagation velocity and attenuation coefficient. From the numerical results in the case of sandy sediment, it is clear that the values of propagation velocity are, in general, less than that of attenuation coefficient.

1 illus, 14 ref

012768   Pathak V;Singh R;Gautam P (Physical Sciences Dep, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot-485 780) : Potential of algal biodiesel as a renewable source. Indian J envir Prot 2015, 35(3), 228-34.

The increasing global demand of biofuels for energy security and reduction in climate change effects generate the opportunity to explore new biomass sources. Algae are currently being considered as a versatile feedstock for biofuel production because of their fast growth rate and high biomass productivity. Based on the chemical composition, microalgae can be used to produce a variety of biofuels, such as biogas, ethanol, biodiesel, bio-oil and syngas. Biodiesel production using microalgae is attractive in a number of respects. While there has been much research into producing fuel from algae, a commercial-scale facility has not yet been built. This paper reviews the potential of algal biodiesel as a renewable source (Singh et a/., 2011; Lam and Lee, 2014; Roddy, 2012; Gustava et al., 2013; Haase et al., 2013; Singh et al., 2010).

^iia1 illus, 3 tables, 47 ref

012767   Pandikumar G;John Arul A;Puthiyavinayagam P; Chellapandi P (Reactor Shielding and Data Div, Core Design Group, Reactor Design Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atom, Kalpakkam-603 102, Email: pkg@igcar.gov.in) : Multiple recycling of fuel in prototype fast breeder reactor in a closed fuel cycle with pressurized heavy-water reactor external feed. Pramana J Phys 2015, 85(4), 667-83.

Fast breeder reactor (FBR) closed fuel cycle involves recycling of the discharged fuel, after reprocessing and refabrication, in order to utilize the unburnt fuel and the bred fissile material. Our previous study in this regard for the prototype fast breeder reactor (PFBR) indicated the possibility of multiple recycling with self-sufficiency. It was found that the change in Pu composition becomes negligible (less than 1%) after a few cycles. The core-1 Pu increases by 3% from the beginning of cycle-0 to that of recycle-1, the Pu increase from the beginning of the 9th cycle to that of the 10th by only 0.3%. In this work, the possibility of multiple recycling of PFBR fuel with external plutonium feed from pressurized heavy-water reactor (PHWR) is examined. Modified in-core cooling and reprocessing periods are considered. The impact of multiple recycling on PFBR core physics parameters due to the changes in the fuel composition has been brought out. Instead of separate recovery considered for the core and axial blankets in the earlier studies, combined fuel recovery is considered in this study. With these modifications and also with PHWR Pu as external feed, the study on PFBR fuel recycling is repeated. It is observed that the core-1 initial Pu inventory increases by 3.5% from cycle-0 to that of recycle-1, the Pu increase from the beginning of the 9th cycle to that of the 10th is only 0.35%. A comparison of the studies done with different external plutonium options viz., PHWR and PFBR radial blanket has also been made.

9 illus, 9 tables, 8 ref

012766   Pandey S;Pal P;Mukherjee A (It Dep, National Institute Of Technology Raipur, Raipur-492 010) : IRF-NMB: Intelligent route formation technique in Ad Hoc network using node mobility behavior. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2015, 38(3), 213-19.

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-configuring network of mobile devices connected with wireless link. The topology of an ad hoc network changes due to the movement of mobile hosts. In MANETs, the data packet may fail to be delivered or a route is to be established again for various reasons including packet collision, nodes movement and bad channel conditions. The proposed research work intelligent route formation technique in ad hoc networks using node mobility behaviour (IRF-NMB) modifies ad hoc on demand distance vector (AODV) to improve its performance by selecting nodes in a route to destination on the basis of past mobile behavior of nodes. The mobility behavior of nodes in proposed method is modeled using random waypoint model. The performed simulation compares packet delivery ratio versus number of nodes, packet delivery ratio versus node max speed (m/s), end to end delay versus number of nodes, end to end delay node max speed (m/s) of stability routing base on reverse AODV (Hua and Li in International conference on ICCSNT, 2011) and IRF-NMB. Simulation result shows that our scheme improves the routing protocols.

9 ref

012765   Olutaiwao A;Abah;Raymond U (Civil & Environmental Engineering Dep, Lagos Univ, Nigeria, Email: adewaleolutaiwo@gmail.com) : Experimental evaluation of the effects of partial replacement of coarse aggregate with graded palm kernel shell in asphaltic wearing course. Int J civ struct Engng 2015, 6(1), 90-104.

This research looked at the evaluation of the effect of partial replacement of coarse aggregate (4-8mm crushed stone) with graded palm kernel shell in asphaltic wearing course. The volumetric and physical properties of the asphalt mixtures were evaluated in order to determine the performance characteristics of PKS in the mass production of wearing course asphalt concrete for medium traffic road. Percentages of PKS used were 0%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 100%. Specifically, 15 samples for control mix and 60 samples for the PKS proportions of compacted asphalt mixtures were prepared by using Marshall mixing procedure. The samples were prepared by varying bitumen contents from 5.0% to 7.0% in an increment of 0.5% and tested using the Marshall method. In summary, at 30% replacement of coarse aggregate (4-8mm crushed stone) with the graded palm kernel shell at 5.8% bitumen content, the Marshall stability was 12.800KN, Flow was 2.920mm, Va was 3.0%, VFB was 83.100%. The results indicated that the mixture at 30% PKS meets the criteria provided in the Asphalt Institute Standard Specification. It was observed that for medium trafficked roads, graded palm kernel shells between 10%-30% by weight of coarse aggregate (4-8mm crushed stone) can be used for the replacement while even 100% replacement is possible for lightly trafficked rural roads.

12 illus, 20 tables, 13 ref

012764   Ojha B K (NO, , Energy Infratech Pvt. Ltd.) : Abrasion and erosion resistant concrete. Wat Energy int 2015, 58(4), 53-7.

Concrete is among the principal dam construction material and with changing times there has been huge demands for the enhanced properties of concrete especially in high strength and high performance, low heat of hydration, cracking resistance, and abrasion and cavitation resistance etc. The hydraulic structures like spillway, stilling basin, tunnels etc are subjected to high velocities leading to heavy abrasion and cavitation erosion due to silt laden water. Damages have been found to occur in spill ways, invert of diversion tunnel, flushing tunnel and outlet structures etc. ranging from few centimeters to meters. Such damage has been observed in most of the dams in India and even in advanced countries and has been an area of concern for engineering fraternity. In order to improve the performance of concrete to resist abrasion and erosion, a high strength and high abrasion and erosion resistant concrete containing super plasticizer and silica fume are developed and are in use in most of Dam projects. Teesta III hydroelectric project (6x200 MW) is a run of the river scheme and is located on Teesta River just 400 m downstream of confluence of Lachen chu and Lachung chu, the two limbs of Teesta. The chute spillway glacis, diversion tunnel and flushing tunnel shall be negotiating very high velocity and therefore high performance concrete (HPC) has been used in these works. The high performance concrete was designed at the project and the laboratory program was undertaken for mix design trials and evaluation of the abrasion resistance of concrete mixes. Since the aggregates were potentially alkali reactive, PPC cement (fly ash based) was used for the job. This paper summarizes the details of trial concrete mixes and evaluation of their erosion resistant characteristics.

3 illus, 3 tables, 6 ref

012763   Negi R (NO, , AlSTOM Grid, India) : Modern condition monitoring techniques used in substations. Wat Energy int 2015, 58(4), 37-8.

3 illus

012762   Nayak S;Chakraverty S (Mathematics Dep, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha-769 008, Email: sne_chak@yahoo.com) : Numerical solution of uncertain neutron diffusion equation for imprecisely defined homogeneous triangular bare reactor. Sadhana 2015, 40(7), 2095-109.

In this paper, neutron diffusion equation of a triangular homogeneous bare reactor with uncertain parameters has been investigated. Here the involved parameters viz. geometry of the reactor, diffusion coefficient and absorption coefficient, etc. are uncertain and these are considered as fuzzy. Fuzzy values are handled through limit method which was defined for interval computations. The concept of fuzziness is hybridised with traditional finite element method to propose fuzzy finite element method. The proposed fuzzy finite element method has been used to obtain the uncertain eigenvalues of the said problem. Further these uncertain eigenvalues are compared with the traditional finite element method in special cases.

12 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

012761   Naresh V S;Murthy N V E S (Computer Science Dep, S V K P and Dr K S R Arts and Science College, Penugonda-534 320) : New two-round dynamic authenticated contributory group key agreement protocol using elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman with privacy preserving public key infrastructure. Sadhana 2015, 40(7), 2143-61.

In this paper a new two-round authenticated contributory group key agreement based on Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman protocol with Privacy Preserving Public Key Infrastructure (PP-PKI) is introduced and is extended to a dynamic authenticated contributory group key agreement with join and leave protocols for dynamic groups. The proposed protocol provides such security attributes as forward secrecy, backward secrecy, and defense against man in the middle (MITM) and Unknown key-share security attacks and also authentication along with privacy preserving attributes like anonymity, traceability and unlinkability. In the end, they are compared with other popular Diffie-Hellman and Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman based group key agreement protocols and the results are found to be satisfactory.

6 illus, 5 tables, 29 ref

012760   Nandhini M;Sivanandam S N (Computer Science and Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore-641 004, Email: nandumano@yahoo.co.in) : Improved predictive association rule based classifier using gain ratio and t-test for health care data diagnosis. Sadhana 2015, 40(6), 1683-99.

Health care data diagnosis is a significant task that needs to be executed precisely, which requires much experience and domain-knowledge. Traditional symptoms-based disease diagnosis may perhaps lead to false presumptions. In recent times, Associative Classification (AC), the combination of association rule mining and classification has received attention in health care applications which desires maximum accuracy. Though several AC techniques exist, they lack in generating quality rules for building efficient associative classifier. This paper aims to enhance the accuracy of the existing CPAR (Classification based on Predictive Association Rule) algorithm by generating quality rules using Gain Ratio. Mostly, health care applications deal with high dimensional datasets. Existence of high dimensions causes unfair estimates in disease diagnosis. Dimensionality reduction is commonly applied as a preprocessing step before classification task to improve classifier accuracy. It eliminates redundant and insignificant dimensions by keeping good ones without information loss. In this work, dimensionality reductions by T-test and reduct sets (or simply reducts) are performed as preprocessing step before CPAR and CPAR using Gain Ratio (CPAR-GR) algorithms. An investigation was also performed to determine the impact of T-test and reducts on CPAR and CPAR-GR. This paper synthesizes the existing work carried out in AC, and also discusses the factors that influence the performance of CPAR and CPAR-GR. Experiments were conducted using six health care datasets from UCI machine learning repository. Based on the experiments, CPAR-GR with T-test yields better classification accuracy than CPAR.

3 illus, 8 tables, 25 ref

012759   Mulay J M;Surwade S;Deshpande P (NO, , Dr. J.M. Mulay Consulting Engineers Pvt Ltd, Pune) : Construction of sump well and pump house by floating well technology. J Indian Wat Wks Ass 2015, 47(1), 303-10.

13 illus

012758   Morkhade S G;Gupta L M (Applied Mechanics Dep, VNIT, Nagpur, Email: samadhanmorkhade@gmail.com) : Experimental study and rotational capacity of steel beams with web openings. Int J civ struct Engng 2015, 6(1), 58-69.

This paper presents an experimental and analytical study on rotational behaviour of steel beams with web openings. An experimental study was performed on a prototype model of steel beams with web openings. Four specimens of hot rolled steel beams of ISMB 100, with different spacing to diameter ratio (S/D_o) were tested to investigate the failure mode and ultimate strength of steel beams with web openings. The beams were simply supported at the ends and subjected to a concentrated load applied at the mid span. After performing experimental study, all the beams were analyzed by the elasto-plastic finite element method by using general finite element analysis software ANSYS and the results were compared with those obtained experimentally. The test results indicate that the load-carrying capacity decreases with the increase in the openings area as well as position of the openings. The finite element results for deformation and ultimate strength shows good agreement with the corresponding values observed in the experiments. At last a parametric study was carried out by using finite element method to study the rotational capacity of steel beams with web openings. The result of parametric study shows that, web openings reduce the beam ductility till 68%.

13 illus, 4 tables, 24 ref

012757   Mohana Rao M (NO, BHEL Corporate R and D, Hyderabad) : Design optimisation studies of gas insulated substations. Wat Energy int 2015, 58(4), 22-6.

37 illus

012756   Mohammadhosseini H;Abdul Awal A S M;Haq Ehsan A (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Univ Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia, Email: hofa2018@yahoo.com) : Influence of palm oil fuel ash on fresh and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete. Sadhana 2015, 40(6), 1989-99.

This paper presents experimental results of some fresh and hardened state properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) incorporating palm oil fuel ash (POFA). Three concrete mixes namely ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete i.e. concrete with 100% OPC as control, and concrete with 30% and 60% POFA having different water/binder (w/b) ratios of 0.4, 0.45 and 0.5 were prepared. Filling ability, passing ability and segregation resistance of SCC along with strength properties were determined and compared with those of the OPC based SCC. Test results revealed that replacement of POFA in general decreased the workability of concrete with acceptable range. The compressive strength, however, increased with lower w/b ratio and lower replacement of ash. The splitting tensile and flexural strength values have also followed the same trend. The results obtained and the observation made in this study suggest that POFA can suitably be used as supplementary cementing material in SCC.

9 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref

012755   Moghimi M K;Pourghassem H (Electrical Engineering Dep, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad Univ, Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran) : Shadow detection based on combinations of hessenberg decomposition and principal component analysis in surveillance applications. IETE J Res 2015, 61(3), 269-84.

Shadow removing is an important issue in performance of intelligent transportation systems. Moving shadows cause confusion and errors in moving object detection, since they cannot be removed from foreground using commercial background subtraction methods. In this paper, a synthetic shadow detection algorithm using combination of Hessen-berg decomposition (HD) and principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed. The HD and PCA are applied to improve the performance of shadow detection. At first, the background image is obtained using moving average method and adaptive background estimation. The moving objects in the foreground image can be accurately obtained via the background subtraction method. In this algorithm, the candidate shadow region is estimated by using HD. With regard to ability of HD in the decomposition of foreground image into two parts as shadow and object, we should calculate the HD of foreground image and determine the shadow and object regions. In this procedure, some parts of vehicles like dark region and windshield that is similar to shadow are detected as moving shadow. Therefore, PCA is applied to compensate misclassified regions in the previous stage. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on real and operational conditions such as different perspectives and illuminations. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed algorithm in the intelligent transportation systems.

18 illus, 5 tables, 27 ref

012754   Mkwizu M H;Makinde O D;Nkansah Gyekye Y (School of Computational and Communication Science and Engineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, (NM-AIST), P.O. Box 447, Arusha, Tanzania, Email: mkwizum@nm-aist.ac.tz) : Numerial investigation into entropy generation in a transient generalized Couette flow of nanofluids with convective cooling. Sadhana 2015, 40(7), 2073-93.

This work investigates the effects of convective cooling on entropy generation in a transient generalized Couette flow of water-based nanofluids containing Copper (Cu) and Alumina (Al₂O₃) as nanoparticles. Both First and Second Laws of thermodynamics are utilised to analyse the problem. The model partial differential equations for momentum and energy balance are tackled numerically using a semi-discretization finite difference method together with Runge-Kutta Fehlberg integration scheme. Graphical results on the effects of parameter variation on velocity, temperature, skin friction, Nusselt number, entropy generation rate, irreversibility ratio and Bejan number are presented and discussed.

27 illus, 1 table, 26 ref

012753   Masoumian S H S;Tazehkand B M (Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tabriz Univ, Tabriz, Iran) : Accurate OFDM sparse channel estimation by optimal deterministic pilot pattern. IETE J Res 2015, 61(3), 230-5.

In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems the wireless channel impulse response can be modelled as a sparse vector. Recently emerged compressed sensing (CS) theory can be used for reconstruction and estimation of unknown non-zero channel taps. In CS-based channel estimation, the number of pilot sub-carriers can be decreased, so the spectral efficiency of the system can be increased. The efficiency and performance of sparse channel estimation (SCE) highly depend on the measurement matrix, which in turn depends on the pilot pattern. In this paper, based on minimization of the correlation between all columns of measurement matrix, a new criterion is proposed. In addition, a deterministic pilot pattern optimization algorithm for OFDM SCE is introduced. Greedy CS recovery methods, such as orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) and regularized OMP are used for estimation of the channel taps. The simulation results confirm the efficiency and accuracy of proposed criterion and optimization algorithm in terms of mean square error.

8 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

012752   Madan M M (NO, , Hydro Business, Jindal Power Limited) : India's largest etalin hydro electric project (3097 MW)- the challenges and socio economic aspects of the project in far east Indian state. Wat Energy int 2015, 58(4), 44-52.

India's Largest Hydro Power Project of 3097 MW capacity Etalin Hydroelectric Project has been planned in the Dibang Valley in Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. The project envisages utilization of waters of Dri and Tangon rivers for hydropower generation. The two rivers are tributaries of Dibang River which meet near Etalin village. The project envisages construction of Concrete Gravity Dams at Dri and Tangon River, Two large dia Power Tunnels of 11.5m and 9.5m dia: Surge Shafts and Pressure Shafts for both the Schemes respectively. The proposed installed capacity of the scheme on Dri is estimated at 1842 (307 x 6) MW and that for the scheme on Tangon at 1228 (307 x 4) MW. To utilize the e-Flow, Dam Toe power houses of 27 MW (19.6 MW on Dri and 7.4 MW on Tangon) have been planned. The total installed capacity of the project is 3097 MW. Etalin Hydro Electric Power Company Ltd (EHEPCL), a joint venture company of Jindal Power Ltd. (JPL) and Hydro Power Development Corporation of Arunachal Pradesh Ltd. intends to develop the project on Build, Own, Operate and Transfer (BOOT) basis. The area is dominated by Indigenous Population belonging to Idu-Mishmi tribes. There are numerous challenges for development of the project in the far flung North eastern region of India. The area located is in the remotest part where the medical and educational facilities are minimal. Scientific agriculture and horticulture is missing. Road network is very poor besides very poor communication network. The nearest town is 280 km connected to a 4m wide road and damaged bridges and great Lohit River to be crossing on boat. A comprehensive Socio Economic upliftment plan has been developed by Jindal Group to take care of locals for their socio-economic development. The paper deals with brief features of the project, R&R and Economic Development Plan. The efforts made by the developer for the upliftment of the local populace even before start of the project have been highlighted.

4 ref

012751   Maali M;Aydin A C;Sagiroglu M (Civil Engineering Dep, Ataturk Univ, Engineering Faculty, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey, Email: acaydin@atauni.edu.tr) : Investigation of innovative steel runway beam in industrial building. Sadhana 2015, 40(7), 2239-51.

Design of a runway beam for overhead cranes is of great importance when constructing steel structures, as is the lateral-torsional buckling (LTB) value obtained for I-beam sections. Therefore, engineers must always consider the optimal design of these beams under overhead cranes loads. In this study, runway beams of three overhead crane groups were analyzed for LTB, and a sinusoidal runway beam body was developed. These runway beams with different sinusoidal angles were analyzed by using the finite element method (ABAQUS) and compared to each other and other runway IPE-IPN beam sections; furthermore, all models were compared with the Canadian Institute of Steel Construction standard. As a result, a new method was proposed for developing sinusoidal runway beams for overhead cranes. The sinusoidal runway beam has lower weight than runway IFE-IPN beam sections. Ultimately, a sinusoidal beam body was developed practically with a scale of 1:1.

10 illus, 5 tables, 21 ref

012750   Maadi A E;Djouadi M S (NO, , Ecole Militaire Polytechnique, BP: 17 Bordj El Bahri, Algeria) : Using a light DBSCAN algorithm for visual surveillance of crowded traffic scences. IETE J Res 2015, 61(3), 308-20.

Behaviour analysis in visual surveillance has become a very active issue for the computer vision research community, particularly when crowded scenes are concerned. In this perspective, motion analysis and tracking is challenging due to significant visual ambiguities which incite to look into more alternative solutions. In this work, we introduce a new framework for recognizing various motion patterns, extracting abnormal behaviours, and tracking them over crowded traffic scenes. The proposed approach exploits a novel density-based clustering method and highlights three traffic density levels. It performs in two modes: an "offline" mode for motion patterns learning and modelling, and an "online" mode for distinguishing irregular motions and tracking them separately. We developed a light density-based clustering technique to "online" cluster motion vectors, produced by optical flow, and compare them with motion pattern models previously defined. Non-identified clusters are treated as suspicious and tracked over the scene. To evaluate and validate our work, experiment results are discussed and compared with the most recent approaches.

11 illus, 3 tables, 42 ref

012749   Luksho V A;Kozlov A V;Terenchenko A S; Ter-Krtichian J G;Karpukhinn K E (Doctor of Philosophy, Federal State Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobili and Au, Avtomotornaya Street, 2, Moscow, Russia) : Technical and economic analysis of vehicles pollutant emissions reduction technologies. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2015, 12(2), 1867-72.

The article covers analysis of the technical measures, aimed at meeting the requirements on motor vehicles harmful substances emissions. Assessment estimates of expenses for fulfilling of harmful emissions standards from Euro 4 to Euro 6 for light commercial vehicle engine with swept volume 2.0 liter with an after treatment system. The articles covers diesel, gasoline and natural gas engines.

6 tables, 23 ref

012748   Liu L;Ma N;Zhao Y;Guo W;Liu S;Zhu Z (NO, School of Microelectronics, Xidian Univ, Xi'an 710071, P.R. China) : Low-jitter fast-locking multi-phase clock for high resolution CCD processor. IETE J Res 2015, 61(3), 213-22.

Multi-phase clock circuit for a 14 bit 80 MHz charge-coupled device (CCD) signal processor is designed based on the Delay-Locked Loop (DLL) structure. To accelerate the DLL locking time, a new fast locking controller circuit is proposed in this paper. Besides, a low jitter delay cell circuit is used to reduce the influence of the jitter generated by multiple phase clock generating circuit on the performance of correlated double sampling (CDS) and A/D conversion in the high resolution CCD signal processor. A clock signal with adjustable phase for the CCD signal processor can be obtained by changing the value of the edge selected register. The proposed clock circuit implemented and simulated with SMIC 0.18 μm 3.3 V 1P6M mixed CMOS process and the area of layout is 1000 x 350 μm. Under the condition of TT/3.3V/ 27 °C, the simulation results with the input clock frequency of 80 MHz show that the DLL locking time is 1.3 μs. Besides, the peak-to-peak jitter is 1.09 ps and the RMS jitter is 182 fs.

14 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

012747   Kushwaha A;Bhattacharjee R;Tewari S;Sinha A (NO, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad, Email: angadkushwaha@yahoo.com) : Extraction of locked-Up coal in standing pillars in Indian underground coal mines. J Rock Mech Tunnelling Technol 2015, 21(2), 115-29.

Ensuring energy security for the growing population with rising per-capita energy demand has emerged as one of the greatest challenges before India. The developing nation like India will continue to rely heavily on thermal power plants for meeting energy demands against restricted access to nuclear technology and mixed success of non-conventional energy sources. Since inception of mining industry till now, bord and pillar (room and pillar) method of mining is still the predominant method of working in India. In most cases only the development workings have been done due to various complex mining conditions. As a result, huge amount of coal reserves are locked as standing on pillar (SOP) in these mines. Therefore, the adoption of effective mining technologies for the fast liquidation of these standing pillars is the need of the time to rneet energy demands of India up to some extent. This paper presents a brief review and successes of different mass production technologies like continuous miner technology, shortwall mining and blasting gallery method of mining adopted for fast liquidation of SOP reserves in some of the Indian coal mines.

9 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

012746   Kumar D;Behera P K;Singh U K (Mining Engineering Dep, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, Email: dheeraj@dkumar.org) : New approach to estimate joint roughness coefficient and its influence on bond strength of steel fibre reinforced shotcrete. J Rock Mech Tunnelling Technol 2015, 21(2), 77-88.

Using linear variable displacement transducer (LVDT) and potentiometer along with data acquisition system, an instrumental setup has been fabricated and corresponding software is developed to plot profiles of rock surface and determine their roughness. Three parameters namely root mean square of first derivative of the profile (Z2), structural function (SF) and length of rock profile (RL1) have been used to numerically characterize roughness of the rock surface. The joint roughness coefficients (JRC) is estimated by using the equation suggested by Yu and Vayssade (1991), considering the sampling interval of 1 mm. In order to determine the strength of bond between steel fibre-reinforced shotcrete (SFRS) and rock surface, an instrumental setup has been devised. The different coal measure rocks like shale and sandstone (coarse, medium, and fine grained) were acquired from various mines. A thorough laboratory study of adhesion of shotcrete to same rock with different surfaces roughness shows that roughness of the rock surface plays a more significant role in bond strength, for a particular range of JRC between 8 and 17. For a particular range of JRC, bond strength is strongly influenced by the values of JRC.

7 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref

012745   Krishna C M;Saritha B;Narayanana G (Electrical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Science Bangalore, Bangalore-560 012, Email: mohankrishnachalla@gmail.com) : Computationally efficient models for simulation of non-ideal DC-DC converters operating in continuous and discontinuous conduction modes. Sadhana 2015, 40(7), 2045-72.

This paper discusses dynamic modeling of non-isolated DC-DC converters (buck, boost and buck-boost) under continuous and discontinuous modes of operation. Three types of models are presented for each converter, namely, switching model, average model and harmonic model. These models include significant non-idealities of the converters. The switching model gives the instantaneous currents and voltages of the converter. The average model provides the ripple-free currents and voltages, averaged over a switching cycle. The harmonic model gives the peak to peak values of ripple in currents and voltages. The validity of all these models is established by comparing the simulation results with the experimental results from laboratory prototypes, at different steady state and transient: conditions. Simulation based on a combination of average and harmonic models is shown to provide all relevant information as obtained from the switching model, while consuming less computation time than the latter.

22 illus, 17 tables, 21 ref

012744   Kozlov A V;Terenchenko A S;Karpukhin K E (Doctor of Science, Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobil, Avtomotornaya, Stret, 2, Moscow, Russia, 125 438) : Comparative analysis of different types of energy storage devices for motor vehicles with regard to their total life cycle. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2015, 12(2), 1145-50.

This paper assess different types of electrical energy storage devices used in electric and hybrid vehicles. A rationale is presented for selecting a type of an energy storage device based on multiple criteria. A total life cycle analysis of the energy storage as part of an electric vehicle or hybrid electric vehicleis carried out.

12 illus, 8 tables, 20 ref

012743   Kozhamkulov D;Sarkynov E;Yespolov T;Yakovlev A;Zsuga K (NO, Kazakh National Agrarian Univ, Kazakhstan, Almaty City, 050 010, Abaua Avenue,8, Email: estaidake@mail.ru) : Results of the theoretical and experimental studies of the water lifting technique using the hydropower of watercourses. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2015, 12(2), 1187-95.

Study purpose is to substantiate the energy conservation technology of water lifting from watercourses and to conduct the theoretical and experimental studies of the water lifting technique using the hydro power of watercourses. The recently developed constructional and technological schemes of the pumping units of water hammer and suction-delivery types driven by the watercourse energy are presented, which in comparison with their analogues have the advantage of improving energy indicators. The results of the theoretical researches on the water hammer and suction-delivery techniques for water lifting from watercourses are provided, on the basis of which the major technological parameters such as total head, flow rate, pump power, and efficiency are determined, technical parameters are substantiated, and experimental models of pumping units are manufactured. The positive results of the experimental studies and tests are given.

9 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

012742   Komarova N D;Kurbatov V L;Litvinova Y V (NO, North Caucasus Branch of the Federal Goverment's Budget Educational In, Stavrpol Territory, Russia, 357 202) : Litho-mineralogical and physico-chemical aspects of improving efficiency of manufacturing fine-grain concretes with technogeneous sands. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2015, 12(2), 1381-8.

This article presents the results of studying peculiarities of structure formation in concretes with regard to technogenesis. Dependencies of water and cement requirements on particle size composition of technogeneous sands used as fillers in concretes are shown. Properties of concrete mixes and concretes, depending on main characteristics of fine filler, have been studied and justified. Practical conclusions have been formulated, based on analysis of fine-grain sands for possible wide use of technogeneous sands in production of fine-grain sands.

1 illus, 20 ref