021108   Malkhede D D;Dhadke P M;Khopkar S M (Department of Chemical Technology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai-400 019) : Solvent extration separation of bismuth(III) with hexaacetato calix(6) arene. Indian J chem Technol 2000, 7(1), 7-10.

Bismuth(III) was quantitatively extracted from 0.1M HCI with 1x10^-4M of hexaacetato calix (6) arene in toluene. it was stripped with 2 M nitric acid and determined from the aqueous phase spectrophotometrically at 470 nm as its complex with thiourea. The various parameters such as pH, reagent, concentration, kind of diluents, stripping agents, effect of diverse ions were studied to ascertain optimum conditions for the quantitative extraction of bismuth. Bismuth was separated from thorium (IV), iron (II), chromium (III), lead(II), palladium(II) and thallium (III) in multicomponent mixtures. The method was extended for the analysis of bismuth in real samples.

021107   Madhuchhanda M;Devi N B;Rath P C;Srinivasa Rao K;Paramguru R K (NO, Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneswar-751 013) : Dissolution of metal values from deep-sea manganese nodule in HCl medium in presence of sphalerite. J Instn Engrs-Pt MM 2000, 81(Nov), 48-51.

Missolution of manganese nodule in HCl medium in the presence of sphalerite has been studied. When leached together, dissolution of metal values from the nodule as well as sphalerite was found to be faster and more efficient compared to leaching individually under similar conditions. Corrosion coupling due to cyclic action of Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ couple and galvanic interaction were responsible for such dissolution Chlorine gas generated in the system also dissolved sphalerite.

021106   Khan F;Tantuvay L (Department of Chemistry, Dr Harisingh Gour university, Sagar-470 003) : Polarographic study of mixed ligand complexes of Zn<. Bull Electrochem 2001, 17(3), 123-5.

Polarography was used to determine the stability constants (log β) of ternary complexes of Zn²⁺ with neomycin, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, penicillin V and penicillin G as primary ligands and bacitracin as secondary ligand at pH=7.30 ± 0.01 and ionic strength μ = 1 M NaClO4 at 298 K. The waves of Zn and its complexes were quasireversible. Zn formed 1:1:1, and 1:1:2 and 1:2:1 complexes.

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021105   karthikeyan S;Srinivasan K N;Vasudevan T; Gopalan A;Paruthimal Kalaignan G;John S (Department of Industrial Chemistry, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630 003) : Characterization of electrolessly deposited nickel - phosphorus - silicon carbide composite coatings. Bull Electrochem 2001, 17(3), 127-30.

Attempts is made to describe some aspects of incorporation of SiC with the electroless Ni-P coating. Electroless deposited coatings have some advantages over electroplated coatings, in that autocatalytic processes provide a means of applying coatings of uniform thickness to complex shaped articles without the need for an elaborate jigging system. When the electrolessly plated articles are heated, materials having good hardness and wear resistance characteristics can be produced. In this work a suitable bath based on nickel - phosphorus - silicon carbide system has been prepared to study the characteristics of electrolessly composited coating. SEM studies confirm the crystalline structure as well as the incoroporation of the SiC particles in the coatings.

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021104   Jogyabath I A;Naveeda Khatoon;Jamuna Prakash (Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006) : Effect of cooking media on invitro digestibility of legumes. Indian J Nutr Diet 2001, 38(1), 11-19.

Effect of cooking media (salt, soda, tartaric acid and citric acid at 1 per cent level) on cooking quality and in vitro protein and starch digestibilities of Bengalgram, cowpea, green gram and horse gram were studied. Nutrient composition and expansion volume of abofe legumes were also determined. Nutrient contents of legumes were protein - 16.8 to 23.0g per cent, fat 0.45 to 4.25 g per cent, total ash - 2.5 to 3.8g per cent, neutral detergent fibre - 5.0 to 15.0 g, calcium - 78 to 288 mg, iron - 4.8 to 8.7 mg, phosphorus - 309 to 417 per cent. An average expansion of 238 per cent on soaking and 244 per cent on pressure cooking was recorded in legumes which did not exhibit significant differences when cooked in different media (243 to 253 per cent). The in vitro protein digestibilities of control samples were as follows; Bengalgram - 59.8 per cent cowpea - 60.2 per cent, green gram - 55.9 per cent and horse gram - 85.8 per cent. Cooking in different media lowered protein digestibility in all legumes. Significant reduction was seen in Bengalgram cooked with soda, citric and tartaric acid, cowpea cooked with acids, green gram cooked with tartaric acid and horse gram cooked in all media. Starch digestibility varied depending upon the type of legume. Bengalgram exhibited a significant increase (control value - 53.7 per cent) when cooked in acidic media (88.1 and 91.2 per cent)..

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021103   Jaiswal A K;Gupta D;Sharma S K (Department of Food Engineering and Technology, F.E.T., R.B.S. College, Bichpuri, Agra-283 105) : Microbiological safety aspects of frozen foods. Beverage Fd Wld 2001, 28(1), 22-7.

021102   Iqbal S H;Rohrschineider L;Rathore H S;Mital S (National Centre for Science, University of Pune, NCCS Complex, Ganesh Khind, Pune) : Multilinear retention model (RF values) in TLC for use in herbicides analysis. Indian J chem Technol 2000, 7(1), 1-6.

RF values of 10 carboxylic acid herbicides on different stationary phase in 19 different mobile phases are studied. A relationship between stationary phase, and herbicides structure and RM values of the solutes is tried. The best results are found with 3 prototypical herbicides on 8 to 19 phases and with 5 prototypical phases for 6 herbicides with 14 other phases. Both correlation results are not very good.

021101   Gokhale S M (NO, , 34, Mittal Indl., Estate, Bldg. No. 1, Marol Naka, Andheri (E), Mumbai-400 059) : Energy savings in refrigeration systems. Beverage Fd Wld 2001, 28(1), 31-2.

021100   Ghosh U;Bhattacharjee A;Bose P K;Choudhuri D R;Gangopadhyay H (Department of Food Technology & Biotechnology Engineering, Jadavpur University, Calcutta-700 032) : Effect of calcium chloride treatment on the physiochemical properties of litchi stored under modified atmosphere conditions. Indian J chem Technol 2000, 7(2), 51-4.

Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) along with calcium chloride treatment was used in an attempt to extend the post harvest shelflife of litchi (Litchi chinensis). MAP was created by the commodity itself by its respiration. Litchi (Baruipur variety) was treated with 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 ppm CaCl2 solution. Low density polyethylene pouches (250 gauge) were used for packaging of litchies. CaCl2 treated litchi was stored up to 15 days at a temperature of 8±2°C and 85% RH whereas unwrapped litchi became dry and brown within 5-6 days of storage under same condition. After 15 days of storage physiological loss in weight (PLW), total soluble solid (TSS), reducing sugar, total sugar and titrable acidity were 2.12%, 16.6%, 9.06%, 16.57%, 0.26% respectively for 300 ppm CaCl2 treated samples and 4.95%, 17.4%, 10.11%, 17.24% and 0.19% respectively for litchi without CaCl2 treatment (Control). Out of 25, 100, 200 and 300 ppm CaCl2 solutions used, treatment of litchi with 300 ppm CaCl2 solution followed by packaging with 250 gauge low density polythylene pouches was effective in increasing the shelflife of litchi up to 15 days at 8±2°C and 85% RH.

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021099   Ghosh A K;Ramachandhran V;Hanra M S;Misra B M (Desalination Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, , Mumbai-400 085) : Fouling and gel polarisation aspects of polyvinyl butyral blended cellulose acetate ultrafiltration membrane by resistance model approach. Indian J chem Technol 2000, 7(2), 55-60.

Ultrafiltration (UF) process is gaining increasing attention for processing a variety of chemical effluent streams. A large number of polymeric candidates have been identified as potentially useful UF membrane candidates. A series of UF membranes from polyvinyl butyral blended cellulose acetate were synthesized and their fouling characteristics were investigated with respect to changing polarity of the polymer candidate. The results are analysed usign resistance model approach using polyethylene glycol and polyethyleneimine solutes. Membrane fouling and gel polarisation aspects are studied from the observed changes in water permeation rates when polar and nonpolar macromolecular solutes are employed. The effect of operating pressure, time and concentration were studied and the various resistance are quantified. Attempts were made to predict gel polarisation resistance using a simplified model.

021098   Farhath Khanum;Sudarshana Krishna K R;Semwal A D;Vishwanathan K R (Department of Biochemistry and Nutrtion, Cereals and Pulses Technology, , Siddarthanagar, Mysore-570 011) : Proximate composition and mineral contents of spices. Indian J Nutr Diet 2001, 38(3), 93-7.

Proximate compositions of spices such as proteins, fat and carbohydrates have been analyzed along with the amount of minerals diatary fibre and volatile oils. Spices seem to be quite rich in dietary fibre, however their contribution towards the fibre content of food products could be negligible at these are used in very small quantities. The binding of three minerals of nutritiional significance namely sodium, potassium and iron to the soluble and insoluble fraction of dietary fibre have been studied. The results show that the insoluble dietary fibre binds larger proportions of these minerals as compared to the soluble fraction. The amount of volatile oils ranged from 0.89 per cent in cinnamon to 14.3 per cent in cloves.

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021097   Ekpe U J;Okafor P C;Ebenso E E;Offiong O E; Ita B I (Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, P M B 1115, Calabar, Nigeria) : Mutual effects of thiosemicarbazone derivatives on the acidic corrosion of aluminium. Bull Electrochem 2001, 17(3), 131-5.

Inhibition of corrosion of aluminium in HCl by solution mixtures of derivatives of thiosemicarbazone at 303-313 K and concentration range of 1 x 10^-5 to 5 x 10^-4 M has been studied using weight loss technique. The thiosemicarbazone derivatives used are 2-acetyl-pyridine-(4-phenylthiosemicarbazone) (PTSC), 2-acetylpyridine-(4-phenyl-iso-ethylthio-semicarbazone (IETSC). They were mixed in doublet : PTSC + PIMTSC (PM), PTSC + PIETSC (PE) and PIMTSC + PIETSC (ME) and in triplet PTSC + PIMTSC + PIETSC (PME). The maximum inhibition efficiency is in the order ME <62> PE <62> PME <62> PM. The inhibition efficiency increases with increase in iso group in the mixtures, which was attributed to interaction of the molecules resulting to exposing of the adsorption sites. Physical adsorption mechanism has been proposed for the mixture used. Kinetic treatment of the results gave a first order type of mechanism.

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021096   Dutta P K (Department of Applied Chemistry, Shri G S Institute of Technology & Science, Indore-452 003) : Synthesis of nitro-substituted aromatic polysulfide from bis(4-chloro-3-nitrophenyl) sulfone and sodium sulfide by activated nucleophilic displacement polymerization. Indian J chem Technol 2000, 7(2), 61-3.

Nitro-substituted polysulfide sulfone has been synthesized by the displacement polymerization between bis(4-chloro-3-nitro phenyl) sulfone and anhydrous sodium sulfide in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at 200°C. The polymer is soluble in aprotic solvents and was characterized by elemental analysis, IR and ¹H-NMR spectroscopies and viscometry.

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021095   Baratharaj V (NO, , 1-A, 12th Cross Street, Shastri Nagar, Adyar, Chennai-600 020) : Cold room ozonation-boon to the industry. Beverage Fd Wld 2001, 28(1), 11-12.

021094   Balaji S;Ghosh B;Das M C;Gangopadhyay A K; Singh K;Lal S;Das A;Chatterjee S K;Banerjee N N (NO, Central Fuel Research Institute, Dhanbad-828 108) : Removal kinetics of arsenic from aqueous media on modified alumina. Indian J chem Technol 2000, 7(1), 30-4.

Examines arsenic removal kinetics by applying modified alumina, so as to attain, maximum contamination level (MCL) at faster rate γ-alumina has been widely used, as an adsorbent to polish off residual arsenic in water following coagulant (Fe^{3+f which is a measure of heat of adsorption, remains more or less the same, indicating marginal difference only. The superiority of this protocol is established further, as, there shall be no arsenic bearing sludge with its attending disposal problem.}

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021093   Anthony T;Sahai S (Department of Zoology, Dr. Harising Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar) : Insecticidal activity of alcoholic and petroleum ether extracts of seeds of Lagerstroemia speciosa and Quercus incana. Proc Indian Sci Congr Ass - Pt III(YS abstr), Sect-I 1998, (NULL), 44(abstr).

Alcoholic and petroleum ether extracts obtained from the seeds of Lagerstroemia speciosa and Quercus incana were tested for their insecticidal activity. Cockroaches were selected for the study. 0.5% (w/v) solution of alcoholic and petroleum ether extracts obtained from the seeds of the two plants and standard malathion was prepared in acetone. An adult cockroach was placed in a beaker and 1 ml of test solution was sprayed on it. Time of death was noted as KD values (Knock down value). For each sample, four replications were performed and average kD value noted. Experiments were repcaed with 0.1% solution also. on comparing the KD values of alcoholic and petroleum either extracts it is observed that hte alcoholic extracts (glycosides) of Quercus incana is more active. it shows better activity than Lagerstroemia speciosa. Petroleum ether extracts (fixed oils) of both these plants are less active. It can conclude that the alcoholic extract (glycoside fraction) of Quercus incana has a better scope of developing as an insecticide.

021092   Alekar N A;Sajanikumari C S;Joseph T;Unny I R;Gopinathan S;Gopinathan C (Inorganic and Catalysis Division, National Chemical Laboratory, , 411 008) : Catalysis of heteropoly acids : a convenient route for the production of methyl chloride and methyl bromide. Indian J chem Technol 2000, 7(2), 79-81.

A new continuous process for the production of methyl chloride and methyl bromide from methanol and aqueous HCl/HBr in presence of a silica supported heteropoly acid catalyst has been described. The reaction takes place in the vapour phase, and the conversion, selectivity and life of the ctalyst are found to be excellent; the reaction parameters have been studied.

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021091   Agrawal A K;Das H (NO, Farmers Training Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences, ) : Review on types of milk used for preparation yield, chemical composition and quality attributes of paneer. Indian J Nutr Diet 2001, 38(2), 64-72.

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021090   Abed Y;Hammouti B;Touhami F;Aouniti A;Kertit S;Mansri A;Elkacemi K (Laboratorie de Chemie des Eaux et Corrosion, Faculte des Sciences, , Oujda, Morocco) : Poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) as corrosion inhibitors of armco iron in molar sulfuric acid solution. Bull Electrochem 2001, 17(3), 105-10.

Influence of the addition of Poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) of two average degress of polymerisation on the corrosion of Armco iron in molar sulfuric acid was studied by weight loss, potentiodynamic, polarisation resistance and a.c. impedance (EIS0 measurements. Both polymers reduce the corrosion rate. The inhibition efficiencies obtained from cathodic Tafel plots, polarisation resistance, EIS and gravimetric methods were in good agreement. The inhibitors were adsorbed on the iron surface according to the Frumkin adsorption isotherm. Polarisation measurements also show that the compounds act essential as cathodic inhibitors.

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020085   Zarapkar S S;Kolte S S (NO, , B-512 Ganapati Tower Thakur Village, Kandivali (East), Mumbal-400 010) : Method and apparatus for the extraction of oil having antiseptic and larvicidal properties from coconut shells. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020084   The Procter & Gamble Company (NO, , One Procter & Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, State of Ohio, United States of America) : Detergent composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020083   PPG Industries Inc (NO, , I P P G Place, Pittsburgh 22, PA 15272 United States of America) : An aqueous acidic composition for forming a zinc phosphate coating. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020082   Phillips Petroleum Company (NO, , Bartlesville, State of Oklahoma, United States of America) : Process or making a small, discrete, spherical magnesium dihalide/alcohol adduct useful for preparing an olefin polymerization catalyst. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020081   Institut Armand-Frappier (NO, , 531 Boul, De Prairies, Laval Quebec, Canada H7N 4Z3) : Process for the production of cellulose silica, lignin and hemicelluloses from rice straw. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020080   Indian Oil Corporation Limited (NO, , G-9, Ali Yavar Jung Marg, Bandra (East) Mumbai-400 051) : High performance crankcase oil composition for medium speed diesel engines. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020079   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , Hindustan Lever House 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Process for producing a fat blend, useable in margarine and W/O spreads. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020078   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Method for preparing immobilized binding protein or a functional part thereof. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020077   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Detergent composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020076   Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited (NO, , B/2, Mahalaxmi Chambers, 22, Bhulabhai Desai Road; Mumbai-400 026) : Method for the preparation of twin action antipityrosporal shampoo. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020075   Council of Sfcientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of corrosion and oxidation resistant low-alloy-steel. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020074   COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the production of chemical manganese dioxide having a potassium content below 0.1% and activated manganese dioxide as a by product from naturally occurring manganese ores. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020073   COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the production of ceramic oxide coated panels having improved corrosion resistance properties. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020072   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the manufacture of cement from redmud. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020071   COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : An improved process for the preparation of chalcogenide semiconductor thin films. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020070   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : An improved process for the microbial dewaxing of heavier petroleum fraction (bp350-500°C). 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020069   COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : An improved device for the continuous production of direct reduced iron rod or slab and an improved process there for using the said device. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020068   Bergewrksverband GMBH (NO, , Franz-Fischer-Weg 61, 4300 ESSEN 13, Kray, Germany) : Method of producing carbon molecular sieves for separation of oxygen and nitrogen(p). 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020067   Albright & Wilson UK Limited (NO, , P.O. Box 3, 210-222 Hagley Road West, Oldbury, Warley, West Midlands B68 Onn, England) : Method of producing improved red phosphorus. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

020066   Yadav B S;Yadav M K;Vipin Kumar (Molecular Spectroscopy and Biophysics Lab., D N (PG) College, Meerut-250 002) : Spectral and biological study of 2-chloro-3-nitro pyridine. Acta Bot Indica 1998, 26(1), 11-14.

Laser Raman (50-4000 cm^-1) and IR (400-4000 cm^-1) spectra of 2-chloro-3-nitro pyridine have been recorded and analysed. The antifungal effect is also tested on Aspergillus nidulans, A. flavus, A. niger and Alternaria alternata.

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020065   Vaidya P S;Buche S D;Pillai V P R;Jaiswal P K (NO, Central Agmark Laboratory, North Ambazari Road, Nagpur-440 010) : Assessment of aflatoxin B1 in chironji. J Instn Chem India 2000, 72(6), 231-2.

020064   Srivastava S C (NO, Colour Chem Ltd., Ravindra Annexe, 194, Churchgate Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Synthetic organic pigments for the paint industry. Paintindia 2001, 51(5), 59-64.

Organic pigments offer an exotic possibility of colouration of paint systems. There are wide number of processes available today, affording vivid shades to suit modern day's paint technology. However, the ultimate success lies only in right selection and right formulation, dispersion and application techniques of the pigments. While technical recommendations are made by careful characterization of organic pigments in terms of physics, chemistry and toxicology and evaluating them for paint applicational properties, users are required to optimize their use in their paint formulations and dispersion techniques. The information presented is based on the present state of knowledge and intended to provide only general notes on pigments for the paint industry.

020063   Sekar N (Dyes Division, UDCT, Matunga, Mumbai-400 019) : Cerium and other lanthanide pigments. Paintindia 2001, 51(5), 65-8.

020062   Prabhu N N;Kulkarni S V (NO, Asian Paints (I) Ltd., L B S Marg, Bhandup (W), Mumbai-400 078) : Liquid crystalline polymers for surface coatings. Paintindia 2001, 51(5), 41-8.

Liquid crystalline polymers are polymers having a partially ordered state of the molecules. The orientation of the molecules along the flow direction is responsible for their lower viscosities, making them suitable for high solid coatings. Such polymers also exhibit a combination of excellent hardness and flexibility. The methods of synthesis of various types of resins such as acrylic, alkyd, polyester and epoxy has been reviewed along with the different techniques for their characterization. Advantages of liquid crystalline polymers over their amorphous counterparts has been discussed. Guidelines have been provided for formulating liquid crystalline acrylic copolymers for both baking as well as nonbaking applications.

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020061   Harris S (Focus on Powder Coatings, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4, OWF, UK) : Developments in powder coatings. Paintindia 2001, 51(5), 75-80.

020060   Bhattacharya S (NO, Berger Paints India Ltd., 14-15, Swarnamoyee Road, Howrah-711 103) : New approach to correlate functional group distribution and reaction conditions of melamine formaldehyde resin. Paintindia 2001, 51(5), 49-58.

An innovative approach has been taken to establish definite correlation between reaction conditions and functional group distribution of melamine-formaldehyde resins. Four selective melamine-formaldehyde resins were synthesized under different melamine, formaldehyde, butanol ratios and pH. The functional groups of the final resins were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Proton-Fourier Transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy, along with other conventional chemical analysis. The effect of reaction conditions on molecular weight and its distribution were studied using Gel Permeation Chromatography. Further substantiation were carried out after curing with alkyd as well as with acrylic and subsequent correlation with the film hardness, Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to identify incompatibility. Based on these experiments it was confirmed that the structure and curing behaviour of melamine-formaldehyde resin can be predicted using various reaction conditions. The present work will also help in establishing a relation between the selection of melamine-formaldehyde resin with known structure as a cross-linker in the field of paint industry.

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020059   Adams R (NO, The Royal Society of Chemistry, Thomas Graham House, Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 OWF, UK) : Developments in pigments. Paintindia 2001, 51(5), 69-74.

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018871   Unroyal Chemical Company Inc (NO, , U.S.A. of World Head-Quarters, Middlebury, Connecticut-06749, U.S.A.) : Improvements in industrial solid tires. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

018870   Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. (NO, , Carel Van Bylandtlaan 302596 HR, The Hague The Netherlands) : Process for preparing a viscous block copolymer. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

018869   Procter & Gamble Company (NO, , One Procter & Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, State of Ohio 45202, U.S.A.) : Particular detergent compositions and a process for preparing the particulate detergent composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

018868   Procter & Gamble Company (NO, , One Procter & Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati State of Ohio 45202, United States of America) : Laundry detergent composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).