014504   Singh V;Chauhan V;Singh O P;Singh B (Physics Dep, K P Engineering College, Agra-283 202, Email: vikram_sks@rediffmail.com) : Ionospheric effect of earthquakes as determined from gruound based TEC measurment and satellite data. Indian J Radio Space Phys 2010, 39(2), 63-70.

Total electron content (TEC) measurements have been carried out at Agra (geographic lattitude 27°N, longitude 78°E), India using a dual frequency GPS receiver since 24 June 2006. Similarly, DEMETER satellite data of electron density and VLF/ULF electromagnetic emission data are available since its launch on 29 June 2004. The effect of earthquake on GPS-TEC and electron density (Ne) data, obtained from DEMETER satellite, has been investigated in the present paper. GPS-TEC and Ne data for seven months, during 01 December 2006-30 June 2007, has been investigated. Two large magnitude earthquakes occurred during this period: one on 08 January 2007 (M=6.0, depth=16 km) and other on 05 May 2007 (M=6.2, depth=09 km) at a distance of 1587 and 887 km, respectively from the observation station at Agra. The results show anomalous enhancements in TEC and Ne 1-4 days before and 1-2 days after the occurrence of these earthquakes. The calculated percentage deviations of TEC and Ne from their monthly mean values are found to vary between 40 and 80% during anomalous enhancements. The observed effect is interpreted in terms of generation of electric fields between the ionosphere and quasi-neutral ion clusters which are formed at troposphere heights by radon gas emanation from seismic region and followed by triggering of these clusters by green house gases. The electric fields so generated penetrate the ionosphere and bring out structural and dynamical changes in ionospheric parameters.

6 illus, 20 ref

014503   Singh T;Ashok Kumar;Naithani U C (Physics Dep, H N B Garhwal Cental Univ, Campus pauri Garhwal, Uttarakahand-246 001, Email: talv_inder@yahoo.co.in) : Field dependent dielectric study of PbTiO₃ and KNbO₃ ferroelectric perovskites. Indian J pure appl Phys 2010, 48(1), 47-51.

An expression has been obtained for the complex dielectric constant in anharmonic pure ferroelectric crystals using double time temperature dependent Green's function technique along with a modified Hamiltonian which includes anharmonicity up to the fourth order due to the interactions of the soft mode. The electric field, temperature and frequency dependent dielectric constant of PbTiO₃ and KNbO₃ crystals have been studied. Dielectric constant increases with increase in the applied electric field and decreases with increasing temperature in PbTiO₃ and KNbO₃ crystals. Anharmonicity is necessary in these crystals to observe these effects

8 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref

014502   Singh S G;Tyagi M;Desai D G;Singh A K;Tiwari B;Sen S;Chauhan A K;Gadkari S C (Technical Physics Div, BARC Technology, Mumbai-400 085) : Development fo technologically important crystals and devices. BARC Newsl 2011, (318), 16-27.

Device-grade single crystals of technologically important materials for use as scintillators in nuclear radiation detection, lasers and optical devices are grown in Crystal Technology Section of the Technical Physics Division. The expertise has been developed to establish crystal growth processes and design and fabricate crystal growth equipment. In addition, single crystals of new materials to be used in neutron and gamma detection are also being studied and developed currently. The processing, characterization and testing of devices are carried out using in-house facilities as well as in collaboration with other Divisions.

17 illus, 16 ref

014501   Singh M (Physics Dep, Govt P G College, Bageshwar, Uttarakhand-263 642, Email: dmpsc@rediffmail.com) : Role of bilayer chain coupling on junction voltage in layered high temperature cuprate superconductors. Indian J pure appl Phys 2010, 48(1), 52-8.

The junction voltage as a function of hopping matrix element for CuO-chains, hopping of the single particle from bilayer to chain, Josephson like Cooper pair tunneling and other microscopic interactions that exit in bilayer high temperature cuprate superconductors has been studied. For this purpose, a tight binding model Hamiltonian that includes various intra and inter-bilayer interactions alongwith contributions of Josephson-like tunneling of Cooper pairs from bilayer of CuO₂ planes to CuO-chains and vice-versa as well as single particle hopping between CuO₂ bilayer to CuO-chains in the form of bilayer chain interaction within a unit cell has been considered. The situation considered here is equivalent to a Josephson's coupled SNS junction. In the superconducting state, the CuO₂ bilayer acts as superconducting electrode and CuO-chains as one dimensional metal under fully oxygenated overdoped state sandwiched between these two electrodes as in the case of YBa₂Cu₃O₇ bilayer system. There is always a possibility of Cooper pairs to tunnel from one bilayer CuO₂ planes to other bilayer via CuO-chains. Using Green's function technique, we have obtained expressions for superconducting order parameter, carrier density and junction voltage within BCS formalism. The numerical analysis shows that in bilayer cuprates, the junction voltage depends on the interlayer pair tunneling between the CuO₂ planes, hopping matrix element (t_ch) for chains and the hopping of single particle from bilayer to chains. Finally, we have compared our theoretical results on junction voltage with the existing experimental results.

3 illus, 44 ref

014500   Singh Chauhan D P;Tiwari D P;Pandey S K; Tripathi A K;Dubey S C (Physics Dep, A. P. S. Univ, Rewa-486 003, Email: subhas1236@rediffmail.com) : Large geomagnetic storms and long-term variations of different solar drivers observed during 1997-2007. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(1), 37-42.

A set of 90 large geomagnetic storms, associated with Dst (decreases of more than 100 nT) observed during 1997-2007, have been analysed. The analysis included various characteristics features as well as seasonal and solar cycle dependence of these storm events. Out of selected 90 large geomagnetic storm events, 57% are sudden commencement type and rest 43% are gradual commencement type. In the present investigation, we have analyzed in detail all halo CMEs occurred during solar cycle 23. On the basis of investigation of 354 halo CMEs and 90 large geomagnetic storms (Dst ≤ -100 nT), it is concluded that population of halo CMEs and their average speed increases during solar maximum and their occurrence generally follow the phases of solar cycle. Out of selected 90 large geomagnetic storms occurred during solar cycle 23, 56 large geomagnetic storms are associated with halo coronal mass ejections. Long-term variations of flare index variability and global Ap have also been discussed during present analysis.

4 illus, 9 ref

014499   Shukla R K;Raghunadha Rao A (NO, Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory, Kochi-682 021, Email: tsonpol@vsnl.com) : Modeling of oceanic noise at high frequencies off southwest coast of India. J pure appl Ultrasonics 2009, 31(4), 138-41.

The dominant sources of natural oceanic noise are often due to events occurring at the sea/air interface. Generally field measurements are limited by the response function of the sensors used, such as the spectral bandwidth and sensitivity of the hydrophones, the array beam pattern, and angular resolution. An ambient noise model (based on the ray theory), has been utilised to compute the eigen ray structures for the circular surface point sources. Wind generated surface noise source levels have been computed empirically. In the present study, an ambient noise model along with transmission loss (TL) model is used to compute the ambient noise at sub-surface depths. Initially for given frequency range (<62>10KHz) and wind speed, surface ambient noise is computed. This surface ambient noise values are given to TL model to compute ambient noise at sub-surface depths. In the above survey vertical profiles of temperature and salinity along with wind speed were collected from five zonal transects normal to the coast, separated by 30 nautical miles. The environmental conditions are different from transect one to transect three.

3 illus, 12 ref

014498   Shrivastava B D;Mishra A;Barde R (Physics Dep, Government PG College, Dhar-454 001) : Exposure to time varying electric and magnetic fields: take a chance with health. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(1), 67-72.

Environmental exposure to man-made electromagnetic fields has been steadily increasing as growing electrical demand; ever-advancing technologies and changes in social behaviors have created more and more artificial sources. This article attempts to present the rationales of devices, which produce electromagnetic radiation and explain the health hazards of electromagnetic radiation exposure. We also present some preventive measures that can reduce the risk of these hazards.

1 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

014497   Shrivastava A K;Singh A;Dubey P;Tiwari A K (Physics Dep, A.P.S. Univ, Rewa-486 003, Email: ambika.physics@gmail.com) : Interrelationship between HSWS events plasma temperature and proton density. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(1), 209-12.

Significant positive correlation is observed between solar-wind speed and plasma temperature (monthly average) the best positive correlation is found in the minimum phases of both the solar cycles 22 & 23. Significant negative correlation is observed between solar-wind speed and proton density (monthly average while the best negative correlation is found in the minimum phases of solar cycles 22 & 23.

ref

014496   Sharma P;Kanchan D K;Pant M;Padmasree K (Physics Dep, Faculty of Science, M S Baroda Univ, Vadodara, Gujarat-390 015, Email: d_k_kanchan@yahoo.com) : Transport properties of super ionic AgI-Ag₂O-V₂O₅-TeO₂ glasses. Indian J pure appl Phys 2010, 48(1), 39-46.

The conductivity of super ionic conducting glass system xAgl : (95-x) [Ag₂O:2V₂O₅]: 5TeO₂, where 40 ≥x≥65 has been studied by impedance spectroscopy. The spectrum has been recorded in temperature range 296-353 K with frequency range 10 Hz to 32 MHz. The glass samples have been characterized by X-ray, FTIR and DSC studies. The FTIR spectra reveal that the network structure remains essentially the same with Agl concentration. The temperature dependent conductivity satisfies the Arrhenius relationship. The measurements show that the conductivity increases from σ = 7.62 x 10^-7 to 1.15 x 10^-4 S/cm with increasing Agl content, while the activation energy decreases from 0.49 to 0.30 eV. The frequency dependence of the ac conductivity follows the Jonscher's universal power law σ(ω) =σ_dc + Aω^s. The dielectric properties are calculated using impedance data for all the glass samples.

11 illus, 2 tables, 31 ref

014495   Sharma K S;Bhargava N;Jain R;Goyal V;Sharma R;Sharma S (International College of Girls (Autonomous), The IIS Univ, mansarova, Jaipur-302 020, Email: smita_sharma_bkn@yahoo.com) : Pesudopotential approach to superconductivity in MgB₂. Indian J pure appl Phys 2010, 48(1), 59-66.

Superconductivity in MgB₂ has been re-examined in BCS-Eliashberg framework by employing Mc-Millan's [Phys Rev, 167(1968) 331] T_c-equation and form factors of MgB₂ computed from the form factors of component metals (Model-I). The empty core model pseudopotential due to Ashcroft [Phys Lett, 23 (1966) 48] and random phase approximation form of dielectric screening due to Gellmann and Brueckner [Phys Rev, 106 (1958) 364] are used in the present work. An excellent agreement between the present values and other theoretically computed values of T_c and with the relevant experimental data for MgB₂ confirms the validity of the present approach. The explicit dependence of λ and T_c on the isotopic masses of Mg and B, as revealed from the present work, confirms the role of lattice vibrations in the superconducting behaviour of MgB₂ and the high value of T_c in it may be attributed to the phonon mediated e-e interaction coupled with higher values of phonon frequencies due to light mass of B atoms. It has also been observed that the pseudo-atom model (Model-Il) with appropriate choice of the potential parameter r_c successfully explains high value of T_c2 and isotope effect in MgB₂, confirming the prominent role played by electron-phonon interaction in the high-T_c superconductivity observed in MgB₂. The isotope effect exponent α-values obtained from the two models are in complete agreement with each other and the present value a = 0.46 is also much closer to the BCS value of 0.5. Interaction strength N₀V values obtained from the two models are also in perfect agreement with each other and the present value N₀V = 0.48 suggests that MgB₂ is a strong coupling superconductor.

3 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

014494   Sharma J P (NO, Allahabad Agriculture Institute Deemed Univ, Naini, Allahabad-211 007) : Relativistic stellar structures and X-ray transients in Ni's theory of gravity. Proc Natn Acad Sci India-Sect A 2009, 79(Pt1), 29-34.

From the relativistic features of stellar structures and the X-ray transients under the treatment of Ni's theory of gravity in post-Newtonian approximation using g - law equation of state of the form P = (γ - 1 ) ∈ approximate analytical solutions of the structure equations for g = 4/3,5/3 and 2 configurations are obtained. Explicit expressions for soft X-ray transient outburst parameters, such as, the luminosity, the total energy E_tot and the effective temperature T_eff for the compact primary neutron star (MS) are given. The geometrical size or boundary values ξ₁=3.912783541, 3.900153138 and 3.19504726, for g = 4/3, 5/3 and 2 respectively decrease with increase of ratio of specific heat γ.

3 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

014493   Sebastian K L (Inorganic and Physical Chemisty Dep, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: kls@ipc.lisc.ernet.in) : Development of the concept of atoms and molecules dalton and Beyond. Resonance 2010, 15(1), 8-15.

The concept that all matter is made up of atoms was suggested by Dalton in 1803. It was a very useful concept, which could explain many of the experimental observations, but people were sceptical and considered atoms to be hypothetical objects until the beginning of the 20th century. By the end of the 20th century, advances in science and technology led to imaging of atoms and molecules. Now we are in a position to actually 'see' them using the scanning probe microscopies.

7 illus, 4 ref

014492   Schwetz T (Physics Dep, Theory Division, CERN, Ch-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland, Email: schwetz@mpi-hd.mpg.de) : Neutrino oscillations: present status and outlook. Pramana J Phys 2009, 72(1), 119-29.

The status of neutrino oscillations from global data is summarized, with the focus on the three-flavour picture. The status of sterile neutrino oscillation interpretations of the LSND anomaly in the light of recent MiniBooNE results is also discussed. Furthermore, an outlook on the measurement of the mixing angle θ₁₃ in the near term future, as well as prospects to discover CP violation in neutrino oscillations and to determine the type of the neutrino mass ordering by long-baseline experiments in the long term future are given.

7 illus, 1 table, 43 ref

014491   Saksena A R;Srivastava R;Gupta A (Chemistry Dep, C.M.P. Degree College, Allababad Univ, Allahabad-211 002, Email: roligem@yahoo.co.in) : Interaction of some amino acids with iodine in aqueous medium at different temperatures - a volumetric approach. J pure appl Ultrasonics 2009, 31(4), 153-9.

Density, ultrasonic velocity for ternary systems (Amino acid + I₂ + water) containing Alanine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine in aqueous solutions have been measured for several concentrations of amino acids as donors at different temperatures(303, 313, 323 K). Using above data apparent molar volume φ_v partial molar volume φV, adiabatic compressibility β relative adiabatic compressibility β relative association parameter RA, and specific impedance Z have been computed. The Δβ_s and β_r exhibit increasing trend of variation with successive increase in amino acid concentration and decreasing trend with increase in temperature in all systems. It is due to overall increase in cohesive forces in the solution. On the other hand above values decrease with increase in temperature is due to thermal rupture of water structure with temperature. Such behavior leads to weak solute - solute and solute - solvent interaction in the system. The parabolic plots emerge into non linear ones with points of inflexion showing no removal of charge but Collisional complex formation. A non linear regression analysis has been made to determine the feed back coefficient of regression and correlation coefficient.

3 illus, 6 tables, 21 ref

014490   Saclioglu C (Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci Univ, 81474 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey, Email: saclioglu@sabanciuniv.edu) : Swinging in imaginary time, more on the not-so-simple pendulum. Resonance 2010, 15(2), 104-15.

When the small angle approximation is not made, the exact solution of the simple pendulum is a Jacobian elliptic function with one real and one imaginary period. Far from being a physically meaningless mathematical curiosity, the second period represents the imaginary time the pendulum takes to swing upwards and tunnel through the potential barrier in the semi-classical WKB approximation¹ in quantum mechanics. The tunneling here provides a simple illustration of similar phenomena in Yang-Mills theories describing weak and strong interactions.

1 illus, 8 ref

014489   Roeck A D (CERN, , 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland, Email: deroeck@mail.cern.ch) : Early physics with ATLAS and CMS. Pramana J Phys 2009, 72(1), 3-13.

The status of the CMS and ATLAS experiments is given, as it is end of 2007. A quick tour of possible new physics is presented.

8 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

014488   Rodejohann W (Max-planck-Institute fur Kernphysik, Postfach 103980, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany, Email: werner.rodejohann@mpi-hd.mpg.de) : See-saw Nechanism: meutrino mixing leptogenesis and lepton flavour violation. Pramana J Phys 2009, 72(1), 217-27.

The see-saw mechanism to generate small neutrino masses is reviewed. After summarizing our current knowledge about the low energy neutrino mass matrix, we consider reconstructing the see-saw mechanism. Indirect tests of see-saw are leptogenesis and lepton flavour violation in supersymmetric scenarios, which together with neutrino mass and mixing define the framework of see-saw phenomenology. Several examples are given, both phenomenological and GUT-related.

1 illus, 1 table, 28 ref

014487   Riewruja V;Rerkratn A (Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. Ladkrabang, Nangkok 10520 Thailand, Email: kvanchai@kmitl.ac.th) : Analog multiplier using operational amplifers. Indian J pure appl Phys 2010, 48(1), 67-70.

Simple circuit technique for implementing four-quadrant analog multiplier has been presented. The proposed circuit requires only operational amplifier (opamp) as the active element. The realization method is based on the quarter-square technique where a square is provided from the inherent quadratic behaviour of class-AB output stage of opamp. Experimental results showing the circuit performance are described. The wore-case linearity error and total harmonic distortion for maximum operating range are about 0.23 and 1.02%, respectively.

4 illus, 12 ref

014486   Rawat D;Gaur N K;Sadhna Singh (Physics Dep, Saifia P.G. College of Science and Education, Bhopal-462 001) : Cohesive energies in cesium halides. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(2), 461-3.

The Three body potential (TBP) model used to determine the cohesive energies of Cesium halides. It consists of the LR coulomb and TBI and the SR Vander Waals attractions and overlap repulsion extended upto the next nearest neighbours. This TBP model has been used for successful study of variety of physical properties like high pressure Phase transition, cohesive and other properties of some ionic and partially covalent materials. The present TBP calculations of cohesive energies are in good agreement with experimental data.

^ssc2 tables, 16 ref

014485   Ramana Murthy C V;Madana Mohana Rao A (NO, Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering, Mylavaram-521 230, Email: ramana_murthy_ch_v@yahoo.com) : Effect of porosity and time on moving infinite vertical plate with uniform heat flux. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(2), 283-92.

Free convection flow past an impulsively started infinite vertical plate with uniform heat flux in the presence of thermal radiation has been studied. The fluid bed under consideration is assumed to be porous in nature. Heat transfer effects are taken into account and the dimensionless governing equations of motion are solved using Laplace Transform technique. The expressions for the velocity field, temperature distribution and skin friction are obtained in explicit form. It is observed that the time parameter has a significant contribution on the velocity field. The effect of various flow entities have been illustrated and explained graphically.

15 illus, 16 ref

014484   Rakkappan C;Anbalagan S (Physics (DDE) Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalai Nagar, Tamilnadu, Email: gee_d72@yahoo.co.in) : Acoustic and thermodynamic studies on biodegradable polymer (Polylactic acid) in dichloro ethane solution. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(2), 245-52.

Ultrasonic, velocity(U), density (ρ), viscosity (η) and absorption (α/f²) studies of polylactic acid (PLA) in dicholoroethane(DCE) have been measured experimentally over the whole range of composition at temperatures T=303 to 343 K. From these experimental data, the adiabatic compressibility, apparent molar volume, apparent molar compressibility and relaxation time have been determined for each composition. The results have been interpreted in light of polymer solvent interactions. All the parameters calculated from density, viscosity, ultrasonic velocity and ultrasonic absorption indicate that the polylactic acid in dichloroethane as structure maker.

3 illus, 2 tables, 9 ref

014483   Rajneesh Kumar;Rupender (Mathematics Dep, Kurukshetra Univ, Kurukshetra, Email: rajneesh_kuk@rediffmail.com) : Interactions due to thermo-mechanical sources in magneto-micropolar thermoelastic medium. Proc Natn Acad Sci India-Sect A 2009, 79(Pt1), 35-43.

In this work, a two-dimensional problem in electromagnetic micropolar generalized thermoelastic solid, in the presence of a transverse magnetic field permeated with various heat sources subjected to uniformly distributed (concentrated or continuous) thermo-mechanical source, is investigated. Laplace and Fourier transform techniques are used to solve the problem. The integral transforms have been inverted by using a numerical technique to obtain the components of normal stress, tangential couple stress, temperature distribution, components of induced electric field and magnetic field in the physical domain. Effect of various heat sources and response of concentrated/ continuous thermo-mechanical distributed source on the resulting equations have been depicted graphically. Particular cases of interest are also deduced from the present investigation.

8 illus, 19 ref

014482   Rajesh Kumar;Singh P;Virk H S;Prasad R (Physics Dep, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprashta Univ, Delhi-110 403) : 70 MeV Carbon C<. Indian J pure appl Phys 2010, 48(1), 16-9.

Physical and chemical changes induced by 70 MeV carbon ions C⁵⁺ have been studied in bulk polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer by UV-Visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Swift Heavy Ion (SHI) irradiation was carried out in vacuum at the Pelletron facility of Nuclear Science Centre, New Delhi, India using ion beam fluences of 3.0 x 10¹¹, 3.7 x 10¹², 1.8 x 10¹³ and 5.6 x 10¹³ and 1.2 x 10¹⁴ ions/cm². UV-Visible spectra reveal both chain-scission and cross-linking of PET. FTIR spectra show a significant loss of crystallinity at low radiation doses but recovery of pristine structure at a fluence of 5.6 x 10¹³ ions/cm². Both UV-Visible and FTIR spectra support the conclusion that molecular reorientation of PET leading to recovery of original structure is affected at high irradiation dose of carbon ions. XRD spectra for both virgin and irradiated PET also confirm this conclusion.

2 illus, 1 table, 18 ref

014481   Rajagopalan S;Sharma S J;Pendsey V M;Dubey S U;Barange N S (Electronics Dep, R.T.M. Nagpur Univ, Nagpur-440 033, Email: sjsharma@rediffmail.com) : Programmable ultrasonic flaw detection using pulser receiver card. J pure appl Ultrasonics 2009, 31(4), 150-2.

Pulse echo technique is widely used in ultrasonics to characterize the material under study, as it requires a single transducer for transmitter and receiver. In the present work, have developed software to use pulser receiver card, DUSC880 from KEIYU NDT CO. TAIWAN in flaw locator. The card generates narrow train of pulses that are fed to the piezoelectric transducer which generates ultrasonic pulses that propagate through the material under test. Echoes from the back wall and the flaw (if any) are detected by the same transducer. The control panel for data acquisition, process and display is developed in VC++. Designed software displays flaw along with its position (depth) from the surface with the resolution of ñ0.2 mm. The measurements are calibrated using standard calibration block. The software is successfully tested to detect position of the flaw in the various materials under test thereby enlarging the domain of application of pulser receiver card.

1 table, 4 illus, 15 ref

014480   Raj Kumar;Upadhyay M;Suman (Physics & Electronics Dep, Dr. R.M.L. Avadh Univ, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Paraelectric behavior of KI: OH system. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(2), 323-6.

There is a set of each of twelve and eight equivalent states of simultaneous occurrence of potential minima along the <60>111<62> and <60>110<62> directions respectively. In the present paper we have investigated theoretically the paraelectric behavior of KI: OH ^- system with the help of <60>111<62> + <60>110<62> tunneling model with applied electric field in <60>100<62> directions. This is used to explain the experimentally available system.

1 illus, 8 ref

014479   Prabha D;Palaniswamy S (Physics Dep, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641 014, Email: drprabha76@rediffmail.com) : L-alanine sodium nitrate (ASN), NLO material: growth and characterization. Int J chem envir pharm Res 2010, 1(1), 54-60.

Single crystal of alanine sodium nitrate (ASN), a nonlinear optical material has been grown from solution by slow evaporation method. The isoelectric point of the alanine is 6(1). So, the growth of crystals has been carried out at pH 6. The grown crystals have been subjected to powder X-ray diffraction studies to identify the crystalline nature. Single crystal X-ray diffractometer was utilized to measure the cell parameters and morphology of the grown crystals. The FTIR spectra taken for the crystals grown at pH values show the peak intensity. The mechanical properties of the grown crystals are studied using Vickers micro hardness measurement. Surface morphology was studied by SEM analysis. Using Nd-YAG laser the NLO property of the crystal is studied. The transmittance and absorption of the crystal was studied by UV-Visible spectrometer.

2 illus, 5 tables, 9 ref

014478   Prabha D;Palaniswamy S (Physics Dep, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore-641 014, Email: drprabha76@rediffmail.com) : Growth and characterization of NLO material: I-alanine sodium chloride. Int J chem envir pharm Res 2010, 1(1), 40-6.

Single crystal of alanine sodium chloride (ASC), a nonlinear optical material has been grown from solution by slow evaporation method. The iso-electric point of the alanine is 6 (1). So, the growth of crystals has been carried out at pH 6. The grown crystals have been subjected to powder X-ray diffraction studies to identify the crystalline nature. Single crystal X-ray diffractometer is utilized to measure the cell parameters and morphology of the grown crystals. The FTIR spectra taken for the crystals grown at a pH value of 6 show different peaks intensity which reveals the structure of the ASC crystal. The mechanical properties of the grown crystals are studied using Vickers micro hardness measurement. Surface morphology was studied by SEM analysis. Using Nd-YAG laser the NLO property of the crystal is studied. The transmittance and absorption of the crystal is studied by UV-Visible spectrometer.

5 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

014477   Pensia R K;Vishal Kumar;Prajapat V (Post Graduate Dep of Physics, Govt. P.G. College, Neemuch, Madhya Pradesh) : Role of magnetic field in contraction and fragmentation of interstellar clouds. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(2), 253-8.

Studied the role of magnetic field in contraction and fragmentation of interstellar clouds. We study with theoretical approximation and observed value by some observers in dense cloud and defused cloud and we found that magnetic field plays an important role in collapse of a cloud stars. The critical mass for collapse is not a function of the magnetic field strength. The efficiency of star formation in the interstellar gas is reduced because some diffuse clouds will not have time to collapse to high enough densities to fragment into stars before disruption.

17 ref

014476   Pattnaik S;Kamila S K;Roy G S (NO, Pathani Samanta Planetarium, Bhubaneswar, Orissa) : Differential photometry on close binary stars using the adaptive optics system. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2010, 22(2), 269-78.

In order to perform differential photometry on close binary stars, the Starfire Optical Range (SOR) 1.5-m telescope, equipped with laser guide star and adaptive optics has been used by the Centre for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) group. Images were acquired in two near-IR pass bands of over twenty pairs and reduced by fitting both the point spread function (PSF) and the positions and intensities of the stars. Then the difference in magnitude of binary stars "'m' values were calibrated using Twenty stars for which combined I and R photometric data were available in the literature. We have calculated the colour indices for the individual components of these stars, which enables the determination of spectral classifications of both components in the systems from the data available in the literature.

1 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref

014475   Passera M (Istituto Nazionale Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131, Padova, Italy, Email: passera@pd.infn.it) : Challenging the standard model with the muon g - 2. Pramana J Phys 2009, 72(1), 195-203.

The discrepancy between experiment and the Standard Model prediction of the muon g-2 is reviewed. The possibility to bridge it by hypothetical increases in the hadronic cross-section used to determine the leading hadronic contribution to the latter is analysed.

1 table, 59 ref

014474   Pakvasa S (2505, Correa Road, Hawaii Univ, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA, Email: pakvasa@phys.hawaii.edu) : D<. Pramana J Phys 2009, 72(1), 205-15.

The Standard Model (SM) and new physics (NP) descriptions of D° mixing are discussed. The SM part of the discussion addresses both quark-level and hadron-level contributions. The NP part describes our recent works on the rate difference ΔΓ_D and the mass difference ΔM_D. In particular, describe how the recent experimental determination of ΔM_D is found to place tightened restrictions on parameter spaces for 17 out of the 21 NP models considered.

3 illus, 4 tables, 23 ref

014473   Mulders P J (Physics and Astronomy Dep, VU Univ, De Boelelaan 1081, Email: mulders@few.vu.nl) : Non-collinearity in high energy processes. Pramana J Phys 2009, 72(1), 83-95.

Discusses the treatment of intrinsic transverse momenta in high energy scattering processes. Within the field theoretical framework of QCD, the process is described in terms of correlators containing quark and gluon fields. The correlators, parametrized in terms of distribution and fragmentation functions, contain matrix elements of nonlocal field configurations requiring a careful treatment to assure colour gauge invariance. It leads to nontrivial gauge links connecting the parton fields. For the transverse momentum-dependent correlators the gauge links give rise to time reversal odd phenomena, showing up as single spin and azimuthal asymmetries. The gauge links, arising from multi-gluon initial and final state interactions, depend on the colour flow in the process, challenging universality.

2 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

014472   Mukhopadhyay S;Roushan Kumar (Applied Mathematics Dep, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu Univ, Varanasi-221 005, Email: mukho_santwana@rediffmail.com) : Problem on thermoelastic interactions without energy dissipation in an unbounded medium with a spherical cavity. Proc Natn Acad Sci India-Sect A 2009, 79(Pt1), 135-40.

The thermoelastic interactions without energy dissipation in an unbounded elastic medium with a spherical cavity have been investigated, when the cavity surface is assumed to be stress free and is subjected to a smooth and time dependent heating effect. The solutions for displacement, temperature and stresses are obtained with the help of Laplace transform procedure. The inversions are carried out with a numerical method based on Fourier series expansions of functions. Numerical values of the physical quantities are computed for the copper material and results are displayed in graphical forms to observe the nature of distributions of the field variables.

4 illus, 19 ref