019541   Selvaraj S J;Alphonse I;Britto S J (Chemistry Dep, Rapinat Herbarium, St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli-620 002) : Isolation and characterisation of novel esters from aerial parts of Tiliacora acuminata. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(7), 1038-40.

Two novel esters octyl(benzoylamino)acetate and heptadeca-4-ene acetate have been isolated from the aerial parts of Tiliacora acuminata. Their structures have been elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

019540   Sammaiah G;Sarangapani M (Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, Email: mandasarangapani@yahoo.co.in ) : Synthesis and screening of N-[2-(2-OxO-1,2-dihydro-indol-3-ylidene-hydrazinocarbonyl) pyenyl]-2-piperidine-1-yl acetamides. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 181-8.

Some new N-[2-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-indol-3-ylidene-hydrazinocarbonyI) phenyl]-2-piperidine-l-yl acetamides (3) are repoaed in this communication. 2- Amino benzoic acid (2- oxo-l, 2-di hydro-indol- 3-ylidene)-hydrazides (1) were reacted with chloroacetyl chloride to afford 2-chloroacetamido(2-oxo-1,2- dihydro-indol-3-ylidene) hydrazides (2), which on subsequent reaction with piperidine hydrochloride yielded N -[2-(2-oxo-1,2-dihydro- indol-3- ylidene-hydrazinocarbonyl) phenyl]- 2-piperidine-1-yl acetamides (3). The structures of the products were characterized by spectral data. All the compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial, anticancer and antioxidant activities. Some of these compounds showed moderate anticancer activity (against He La Cell lines, IMR-32 cell lines), promising antioxidant activity, mild antibacterial and antifungal activities.

2 tables, 18 ref

019539   Rukmani V;Prachi K;Mangoankar K V (Chemistry Dep, Ramnarain Ruia College, Matunga, Mumbai-400 019, Email: rrclib@vsnl.com) : Potentiometric study of mixed ligand chelates of transition metal ions with 5-chlorosalicylidene-2-chlorobenzylamine as the primary ligand and 5-chlorosalicylidene-4-aminobenzenesulphonamide as the secondary ligand. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 949-53.

Binary and ternary complexes of the type M-L and MXL [M = Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III)]; X = 5-chloro-salicylidene-2-chlorobenzylamine and L = 5-chlorosalicyli-dene-4-aminobenzenesulphonamide have been examined pH-metrically at 27 °C and μ = 0.1 M (KCl) in 75 / 25 % v/v dioxane-water mixture. The logarithms of the values of formation constants for M-L and MXL systems [M = Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II) and Fe(III)] are calculated as 7.64 and 5.96; 8.05 and 4.71; 7.86 and 4.60; 7.95 ad 4.66; 10.07 and 8.88, respectively.

3 tables, 9 ref

019538   Reddy P R;Raju N;Rao K S;Shilpa A (Chemistry Dep, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: rabi_pr@rediffmail.com ) : Interaction of Ni(II)-ethylenediamine/histamine with histidylglycine and investigation of their DNA cleavage abilities. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(6), 761-8.

The interaction of Ni(II)-ethylenediamine (en)/histamine(hist) with histidylglycine(his-gly) and their DNA cleavage abilities have been investigated. The stability constants for the Ni(II)-en-his-gly (1) and Ni(II)-hist-his-gly (2) complexes have been determined at 298.0 K and 0.10 M (KNO₃) ionic strength. Both the 1:1:1 ternary complexes have been corroborated by species distribution curves and ESI-MS analysis. The complex geometries have been analyzed by UV-vis experiments and molecular mechanics simulations. The DNA binding abilities of these complexes have been established by UV-vis-absorption, thermal-denaturation and fluorescence spectroscopy. The intrinsic binding constants for the bound complexes, Ni(II)-en-his-gly:DNA and Ni(II)-hist-his-gly:DNA, have been determined to be 280 and 420 M^-1 respectively. Gel-electrophoresis experiments reveal that 1 and 2 cleave supercoiled DNA (type-I) to the nicked-circular (type-II) form hydrolytically at physiological pH. A tentative mechanism is proposed for the cleavage.

019537   Reddy C S;Sunitha M;Jithender Reddy P (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, Email: chsrkuc@yahoo.co.in) : Fungicidal properties of some new copolymer resins derived from 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl N-propyl ketone, furfural ad a wide spectrum of comonomers. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 256-64.

Fungicidal properties of a large number of copolymer resins, prepared by condensing 2,4-dihydroxyphenyl n-propyl ketone with furfural and a wide spectrum of comonomers such as substituted benzoic acids/acetophenones/ benzaldehydes/naphthols and urea/thiourea and ethylenediamine, were assayed against Fusarium oxysporum and Dreschlera spicifera causing post harvest disease of tomatoes. The homo and copolymer resins have been characterized by spectral analyses, viscosity measurements, solubility characteristics and thermal analyses. The homo resin and a few copolymer resins were devoid of antifungal activity, while many copolymer resins were toxic against both the fungi. Most of the screened resins were potent antifungal agents and caused total germination inhibition at 640/1000 μg/mL concentration. Copolymer resins based on substituted benzoic acids, paramethoxy acetophenone, urea and ethylenediamine comonomers were equipotent to that of the standard c1otrimazole.

2 tables, 18 ref

019536   Rawat M K;Sharma Y;Shilpi Kumari (Chemistry Dep, Agra College, Agra-282 002) : Molecular interaction and compressibility behaviour of beryllium soaps in non-aqueous medium. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1464-72.

The ultrasonic measurements were made on beryllium soaps (caprate, laurate and myristate) in pure benzene with a view to determine the critical miceller concentration (CMC), soap-solvent interaction and various acoustic parameters. The value of CMC decreases with the increase in the chain-length of soap. The results of ultrasonic velocity, adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, specific acoustic impedence, apparent molar compressibility, relative association and solvation number suggested that there is a significant interaction between soap and solvent molecules.

4 illus, 3 tables, 31 ref

019535   Ranjith Kumar B;Satyanarayana B;Asra Banu S; Amara Jyothi K;Savitha Jyostna T;Satyanarayana N (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, Email: nallani_s@yahoo.com) : Volumetric and transport properties of binary liquid mixtures of aromatic hydrocarbons with N-methylacetamide at 308.15 K. Indian J pure appl Phys 2009, 47(7), 511-6.

Experimental data on density, viscosity and speed of sound values at 308.15 K are presented for the binary mixtures of N-methylacetamide with benzene, toluene, mesitylene and phenylacetonitrile. From these experimental data, excess molar volumes, deviations in viscosity and isentropic compressibility of aromatic hydrocarbons with N-methylacetamide have been calculated. The computed values have been fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation using multiparametric non-linear regression analysis to estimate the coefficients and standard errors. The variations in the calculated excess quantities for these mixtures have been studied in terms of molecular interactions between the component liquids and the effects of methyl and cyanomethylene substitution on benzene ring.

019534   Rana V S;Blazquez M A (Natural Product Chemistry Lab, Medicinal Plants and Horticulture Resou, Institute of Bioresources of Sustainable Development, Takyelpat Institutional Area, Imphal-795 001, Email: ranavs2000@yahoo.com) : Volatile leaf essential oil of commercial Pogostemon cablin Benth. cultivated in Manipur. Indian Perfumer 2009, 53(1), 30-1.

The essential oil from the air dried leaves of Pogostemon cablin was analyzed using GC/MS. Nineteen compounds accounting for 76.7% of the oil were identified. The main compounds were patchouli alcohol (34,9%), α-bukiesene (9.5%), α-patchoulene (3.8%), β-caryophyllene (2.2%), α-selinene (1.9) and β-patchoulene (1.1%).

1 table, 25 ref

019533   Rameswara Rao M;Hari K;Devanna N; Chandrasekhar K B (Chemistry Dep, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological Univ College of Engineering (Autonomous, Anantapur-515 002, Email: chandrasekhar_kb@yahoo.co.in) : Derivative spectrophotometric determination of uranium(VI) using 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehydeisonicotinoyl-hydrazone reagent. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1402-10.

A 1:1 (M:L) yellow coloured water-soluble complex of U(VI) is formed with 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde-isonicotinoylhydrazone (HMBIH) in acidic buffer solution. The reaction between U(VI)-HMBIH is instantaneous at pH 4.0 and the absorbance remains constant for more than 2 h. The molar absorptivity and sandell's sensitivity is 1.05 x 10⁴ L mol^-1 cm^-1 and 0.0238 μg cm², respectively at λ_max 374 nm. Beer's law obeyed in the concentration range of 1.19-11.9 μg/mL. The stability constant of U(VI)-HMBIH complex is 2.08 x 10⁶. The first and second order derivative spectra-photometric determination of U(VI) was carried out by measuring peak height technique at 436 and 441 nm, respectively. This method has been satisfactorily applied for the determination of U(VI) in rock and synthetic samples. The effect of various diverse ions also studied.

4 illus, 6 tables, 15 ref

019532   Ramesh N;Dhayalan V;Sureshbabu R; Mohanakrishnan A K (Organic Chemistry Dep, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025) : Facile preparation of methyl indolylacetates via Stille carbonylation of N-protected bromomethylindoles. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(6), 858-64.

A systematic study on carbonylation of N-protected bromomethylindoles using different types of Pd catalysts and bases under Stille condition has been explored.

019531   Ramesh D;Vijaya Bharathi D;Kavitha B; Manikyamba P (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009, Email: mani_prerepa@yahoo.co.in) : Linear solvation energy relationship in the reaction between phenacyl bromide and N-methyl aniline. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(6), 801-5.

The reaction between phenacyl bromide and N-methyl aniline has been studied conductometrically in 17 different protic and aprotic solvents. The reaction is overall second order, being first order with respect to each reactant. Correlation of the second order rate constants with different solvent parameters indicates that the solvation of the reactants and the transition state is due to non-specific polarity of the solvent, hydrogen bond donor ability, solvent nucleophilicity, and electrophilicity of the solvent. By statistical analysis, a linear solvation energy relationship is derived and the percentage contribution of each type of solvation is estimated.

019530   Ramatchandiran N;Sumathi S;Buvaneswari G (Materials Div - Chemistry, School of Science and Humanities, VIT University, Vellore-632 014) : Study of catalytic activity of ammonium di-hydrogen orthophosphate in the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(6), 865-7.

Application of ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate as a catalyst in the one pot synthesis of 5-ethoxycarbonyl-6-methyl-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one by Biginelli condensation is reported for the first time.

019529   Rakesh Kumar;Mehtab Parveen;Anil Kumar;Rizvi W (Chemistry Dep, , A.M.U. Aligarh-202 002, Email: mehtab_organic@rediffmail.com) : Screening of fruit of Diospyros montana for anti-filarial activity. J nat Remedies 2009, 9(1), 56-61.

To screen the potential antifilarial activity of petroleum and alcoholic extracts prepared from fruit of Diospyros montana. In vitro study was carried out to see the effect of extracts on both the whole worm( w.w). preparation and nerve muscle (n.m) preparation of Setaria cervi, on the survival of microfilariae. Petroleum extract produced initial stimulation followed by reversible paralysis in whole worm The initial stimulation is not seen with petroleum extract on nerve muscle preparation. The alcoholic extract caused reversible paralysis in whole worm whereas irreversible ir. nerve muscle preparation. Fruit of D. montana was found to possess potential antifilarial activity.

5 illus, 1 table, 31 ref

019528   Rajendran G;Abhilasha A (Chemistry Dep, University College, Trivandrum-695 034) : Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of dioxouranium(VI) complexes with schiff base ligand containing indole ring. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 889-94.

Complexes of dioxouranium(VI) with the Schiff base derived from indole-2,3-dione (isatin) and hydrazine have been synthesized and their physico-chemical properties investigated using elemental analysis, molar conductance and spectral analysis (IR, UV-Visible and ¹H NMR). Various anions such as acetate, lactate, nitrate, perchlorate, sulphate and thiocyanate act as secondary ligands by coordinating to the metal ion. Mixed ligand complexes of UO₂(VI) with dimethyl sulfoxide or diphenyl thiourea and isatin-3-hydrazone have been synthesized and characterized. The ligand and some of the complexes were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities towards Staphylococcus aitreaus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans.

1 table, 10 ref

019527   Raghotham A;Lavanya T;Pratap Reddy P (Chemistry Dep, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: prataprp@drreddys.com) : Facile synthesis of 7-hydroxy-4-methyl-8-heteryl-2H-2-chromenones. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1285-9.

7-Hydroxy-4-methy l-8-(1H-3-pyrazolyl)-2H-2-chromenones and 7-hydroxy-8-(3-isoxazolyl-4-methyl-2H-2-chromenones were prepared by a two step synthetic sequence starting from 8-acetyl-7-hydroxyl-4-methyl-2W-2-chromenones. Reaction of 8-acetyl chromenone derivatives with dimethylformamide-dimethylacetal (DMF-DMA) and subsequent condensation of the resulted enaminones with hydrazines and hydroxylamine hydrochloride furnished the desired products in high yields.

1 table, 14 ref

019526   Pratima A;Nikalje G;Pattan S R (NO, Y.B. Chavan College of Pharmacy, Dr. Rafique Zakaria Campus, Rouza Bagh, Rurangabd-431 001, Email: ama@k.st) : Synthesis of new 1,5-benzothiazepines as potential CNS and CVS agents. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 290-6.

A new series of 2-[substituted thiochromon-3' -yl]-4-[2' -hydroxy-3'/5'-substituted phenyl)-2, 3-dihydro-l, 5-benzothiazepines was synthesized. The structures of the synthesized compounds have been elucidated by spectral and elemental analysis. All the compounds have been screened for their cardiovascular activity and the CNS depressant activity.

1 table, 15 ref

019525   Prabhu D V (Chemistry Dep, Wilson College, Mumbai-400 007, Email: dvprabhu@rediffmail.com) : Comparative study of the oxidation of 1-hexanol and cyclohexanol by chloramine B in acidic medium. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1186-90.

The kinetics of oxidation of 1-hexanol and cyclohexanol to the corresponding carbonyl compounds by Chloramine B in HCl has been studied in the miceliar phase using sodium lauryl sulphate in the temperature range 30-50 °C. The oxidation rate increases with alcohol concentration but decreases with the concentration of Chloramine B. From the effect of temperature on oxidation rate, the themodynamic activation parameters have been calculated. The negative values of ΔS* indicate the reorientation of solvent molecules around the rigid activated complex formed during the course of the reaction. Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) have been used as effective catalysts for the oxidation of the alcohols under study. Suitable reaction mechanism have been suggested for the oxidation of the alcohols in the presence and absence of metal ions. The oxidation rates follows the sequence 1-hexanol cyclohexanol.

3 tables, 7 ref

019524   Pattan S R;Bukitagar A A;Pattan J S;Kapadnis B P;Jadhav S G (Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dep, Pravara Rural College of Pharmacy, Pravara Nagar, Loni-413713) : Synthesis and evaluation of some new substituted phenylthiazole derivatives and their anti-tubercular activity. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(7), 1033-37.

019523   Patil D B;Chachere S D (Chemistry Dep, Institute of Science, Nagpur-440 001, Email: patson_ngp@sancharnet.in) : Kinetics of oxidation of α-alanine by N-bromosuccinimide. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1539-43.

The kinetics of oxidation of α-alanine by N-bromosuccinimide has been studied voltammetrically. The specific reaction rate is 70.00 M^-1 s^-1 at 25 °C. The energy of activation, frequency factor and entropy of activation are found to be 13.40 kJ mol^-1, 1.563 x 10⁴ s^-1 and -172.94 J mol^-1 K^-1, respectively. The specific reaction rate is influenced by hydrogen ion concentration and dielectric constant of the medium. The most probable mechanism has been suggested.

3 tables, 24 ref

019522   Patel N B;Agravat S N (Chemistry Dep, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat-395 007, Email: drnavin@satyam.net.in) : Synthesis and microbial studies of 2-[N²-{N²-(7-(substitutedanilino) benzothiazoyl) sul-fanilamido} amino]-3-[N¹-{2¹, 3¹-dichioro) piperazinyl} carbonyl]pyridines.. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 340-50.

2-[N⁴ - {N² -(7 -(Substitutedani lino)benzothiazoly)sulfanilamido} amino ]pyridine- 3-carboxylic acid (3a-l) were synthesized from 2-chloropyridine-3-carboxylic acid (1) and N⁴-(p-anilinosulfonamido)-7-substitutedanilinobenzothiazole (2a-1) in 2-ethoxy ethanol using Cu-powder and K₂CO₃ 2-[N⁴-{N²-(7-(Substitutedanilino) benzothiazolyl) sulfanilamido }amino] -3- [N¹- {(2¹ 3¹ dichloro) piperazinyl }carbonyl]pyridine (6a-l) have been synthesized by the condensation of (3a-l) and 2,3-dichloropiperazine (5) at position-3 of pyridine ring via 2-[N⁴-N²-(7-substitutedanilino)benzothiazolyl)sulfanilamid o}amino]-3-[N¹-{(2¹, 3¹-dichloro) piperazinyl} carbonyl] pyridine (6a-l) have been synthesized by the condensation of (3a-l) and 2, 3-dichloropiperazine (5) at position-3 of pyridine ring via 2-[N⁴-{N²-(7-substitutedanilino) benzothiazolyl) sulfanilamido}amino] pyridine-3-carbonyl chloride (4a-l) for amide derivatives. The structures of the new compounds have been established on the basis of their elemental analysis and spectral studies (IR, ¹H NMR and Mass). Antimicrobial activity was screened for all the synthesized compounds.

3 tables, 19 ref

019521   Patel A P (Physics Dep, St. Xavier's College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380 009, Email: dileri_patel@yahoo.com) : Thermal analysis of calixarene zinc complexes. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 223-6.

Thermogravimetic and differential thermogravimatic analysis of calixarene hydroxamic acids have been reported in the study.

1 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

019520   Patel A P (Physics Dep, St. Xavier's College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380 009, Email: dileri_patel@yahoo.com) : Magnetic susceptibility of calixarene metal complexes. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 91-4.

Some complexes of Mn (II) with four ligands containing amide group have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, magnetic moment and spectral data. All the four complexes were found to be tetrahedral in structure.

1 table, 8 ref

019519   Patel A P (Physics Dep, St. Xavier's College, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380 009, Email: Dileri_patel@yahoo.com) : Lasing and fluorescent characteristics of calixarene zinc hydroxamic acid compounds. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 45-50.

Lasing and fluorescent characteristics of zinc calixarene hydroxamic acids were observed in different solvents like acetone and dioxane. Five different substituted hydroxamic acids were used in the present study. Emission and absorption maxima were determined alongwith life times.

2 illus, 3 tables, 7 ref

019518   Parmar M L;Guleria M K (Chemistry Dep, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla-171 005, Email: hb_kutlehria@yahoo.co.in) : Partial molar volumes of oxalic acid and its salts in water-rich binary aqueous mixtures of methanol. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(6), 806-11.

Partial molar volumes of oxalic acid and its salts, viz., ammonium oxalate, sodium oxalate and potassium oxalate, have been determined in different compositions of water-rich binary aqueous mixtures of methanol (3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt. percent of methanol) from solution density measurements at 298.15 K and in 3% (w/w) methanol + water at different temperatures. The data have been analysed by using Masson equation and the obtained parameters have been interpreted in terms of ion-solvent and ion-ion interactions. The partial molar volumes vary with temperature as a power series of temperature. Structure making/breaking capacities of the electrolytes have been inferred from the second derivative of partial molar volume with respect to temperature at constant pressure. Oxalic acid and its salts act as structure breakers in binary aqueous mixtures of methanol.

019517   Pare B;Bhagwat V W;Fogliani C;Pradeep Singh (School of Studies in Chemistry, Vikram University, Ujjain-456 010, Email: brijesh_pare@hotmail.com) : C₁₆ tab catalyzed kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of toluidine blue by chloramine-T in acidic medium. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 322-32.

The kinetics and mechanism of the uncatalyzed and C₁₆TAB catalyzed oxidation of 3-amino- 7-(dimethylamino)-2-methylphenathaizine-5-ium chloride (TB⁺) by chloramine-T in acidic media has been studied using spectrophotometry. With excess concentrations of other reactants, the reaction rate follows pseudo-first-order kinetics with respect to toluidine blue. The uncatalyzed reaction has second order dependence on chloramine-T, The reaction is catalyszed by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide a cationic surfactant, even before its critical micelle concentration. This premicellar kinetics has been rationalized in the light of Piszkiewicz positive cooperativity model. The positive cooperativity index has been computed as n = 5.31. The negligible salt effect suggests the involvement of neutral species in the rate determining step. The reaction rate decreases on addition of p-toluenesulphonamide. The basic stoichiometric equation is as follows: TB⁺ + 2 ArSO₂NHCl + 2 H₂0 = p⁺ + 2 ArSO₂NH₂ + HOCl + HCl, where p⁺ = doubly demethylated sulphoxide. On the basis of the product analysis, pertinent mechanisms are proposed.

1 illus, 14 ref

019516   Pardakhti A R;Nabi Bidhendi G R;Namdari R (Graduate Faculty of Environment, Tehran Univ, Tehran, Iran, Email: namdari.r@gmail.com) : Determination of formaldehyde in environmental and other aqueous samples. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 849-52.

The method described an analytical procedure for determination of formaldehyde in environmental aqueous samples. The water samples are first derivitaized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine then extracted with dichloromethane. The extract is concentrated and analyzed with HPLC using ODS zorbax column and UV detector.

1 illus, 3 ref

019515   Palaniappan A N;Ravishankar M;Sekar K G (Chemistry Dep, National College, Tiruchirappalli-620 001, Email: nctsekar@yahoo.co.in) : Structure reactivity in the oxidation of cyclic ketones by quinolinium dichromate. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1365-72.

The kinetics of oxidation of cyclic ketones viz., cyclo-pentanone, cyclohexanone, cycloheptanone and cyclo-octanone with quinolinium dichromate has been studied in 60 % acetic acid-water medium. The reaction shows first order dependence with respect to both oxidant and substrate. The reaction exhibits dual behaviour with respect to [F⁺] i.e., unit order dependence at lower [H⁺] and greater than one at higher [H⁺]. The rate of the reaction decreases with increase in the dielectric constant of the medium. The retardation of the rate by the addition of Mn²⁺ ions confirms that a two electron transfer process is involved in the reaction. A relationship has been observed between ring size and reactivity of the cyclic ketones. The order of reactivity has been rationalized.

1 illus, 5 tables, 21 ref

019514   Pabreja D S;Patel K P;Parikh S C (Chemistry Dep, School of Sciences, Gujarat Univ, Ahmedabad-380 009, Email: patelkanubhai2006@yahoo.com) : Synthesis, characterization, spectral and antimicrobial studies on some mixed complexes of transition metal. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 963-6.

Some new ternary complexes of Mn(II) and Ni(II) with 8-hydroxy quinoline as primary and glycine, lysine, alanine as secondary ligands have been synthesized and their structural features have been studied on the basis of analytical and spectral data. Analytical data suggest 1:1:1 stoichiometric composition for the isolated ternary complexes. IR spectra confirm the primary and secondary ligands are co-ordinated through O/N donor atoms. Antimicrobial activity of the complexes have also been studied.

3 tables, 9 ref

019513   Ozel A D;Kilic E (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Ankara Univ, Ankara, Turkey, Email: ekilic@science.ankara.edu.tr ) : Electrochemical investigation of 4-[2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)azo]benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt (Orange II) at glassy cabron electrode. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1609-20.

The electrochemical behaviour of 4-[(2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)azo]benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt (orange II) at glassy carbon electrode in aqueous solutions was investigated. Orange II was found to give a single sharp cathodic CV peak that is found to correspond to a gain of 4 electrons per molecule. The diffusion coefficient was calculated by the aid of chronoamperometric data, the number of electrons transferred was calculated by controlled potential electrolysis and the standard rate constant for the reduction was calculated by Klingler-Kochi technique. From the electrochemical data obtained by using these techniques and thin layer chroma-tography in aqueous solutions of varying pH, a plausible reduction mechanism of the azo dye was proposed.

6 illus, 1 table, 51 ref

019512   Ozdemir S;Buyuktas B S;Bardakci T;Sangun M K (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science and Letters, Mustafa Kemal Univ, 31024 Hatay, Turkey, Email: ksangun@gmail.com) : Degradation kinetics of some organophosphorus insecticides in Aksu river, Antalya. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1260-8.

The degradations of four organophosphorus insecticides were determined in water samples collected from the Aksu river in Antalya region in Turkey in April 2002. Water samples were spiked with an initial concentration of 50 (Microg/L of pesticides chlorpyrifos, azinphos-ethyl, phorate and ethion. The effects of temperature, adsorption, biodegradation, photo degradation and volatilization to the degradation of pesticides in real Aksu river water were investigated over 8 week period. The degradation kinetics was monitored in closed bottles stored in dark at three different temperatures (T = 10, 25 and 40°C) and in a system exposed to natural sunlight (at variable temperature). Aksu river water samples had been conditioned to each parameter before addition of the known amount of insecticides. For the identification of the insecticides, liquid-liquid extraction with dichloromethane followed by GC-NPD was used. Half-lives of the insecticides were determined for each parameter. It was observed that half-lives of insecticides are varying depending on the environmental conditions. It was determined that the most effective way for degradation of azinphos-ethyl and ethion is photodegradation. Biodegradation and adsorption were significantly effective on degradation of chlorpyrifos. Phorate was found to be the fastest degrading insecticide under all circumstances.

1 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

019511   Onal Z (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Arts and Science, Erciyes Univ, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey, Email: zulbiye@erciyes.edu.tr) : Reactions of 1-amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrimidine-2-one/thione compounds with unsymmetrically 1,3-substituted diketones. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1279-84.

1-Amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrimidine-2-one/thione (1) react with several unsymmetrically 1,3-substituted diketones (2a-f) under different conditions to give the new imine derivatives (3a-f). Unsymmetrically 1,3-substituted diketones derivatives (2a-f) were obtained from l,5-di-(4-aryl)-4,5-dibromo-l-pentene-3-one and sodium methoxide. All newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 'H NMR spectral data.

22 ref

019510   Onal Z (Chemistry Dep, Erciyes Univ, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey, Email: zulbiye@erciyes.edu.tr) : Reactions of 1-amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrimidine-2-thione with carbonyl reactives. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 939-43.

The l-amino-5-benzoyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrimidine-2-thione (1) was obtained by starting from 4-benzoyl-5-phenyl-2,3-furandione and acetophenonthiosemicarbazone. In this study, the investigations were extended to reactions of the compound 1 with ethylacetoacetate, benzalacetophenone, cyanoacetic acid, benzyl and acetylchloride (2a-e). Thus, some new pyrimidine derivatives (3a-e) were synthesized. The structures of these compounds were determined by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR spectroscopic measurements.

14 ref

019509   Nezhadali A;Hakimi M;Naemi A (Chemistry Dep, Payam-Noor Univ of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, Email: aziz_nezhadali@yahoo.com) : Thermodynamic study of complex formation between Cu(II) and 4-amino-6-methyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-thione-5-one in binary ethanol/water mixtures using conductometric method. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1451-6.

The stability constant, K_f, for the complexation of copper(II) with 4-amino-6-methyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-thione-5-one (AMTTO) in 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 (v/v) % ethanol-water mixtures were determined conductometrically at different tempratures. The stability constants of resulting 1:1 complexes were become larger by increasing of temprature and ethanol per cent. Stability constants of complexes vary inversely with dielectric constant of solvents. The enthalpy and entropy of complexation were determined from the temprature dependence of the formation constant. In all cases, the complexation were found to be enthalpy unstablized but entropy stablized. ΔG° of the studied complexes were evaluated at 25 °C using thermodynamic relations, the negative values of ΔG° means that the complexation process is spontaneously.

3 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

019508   Narule M N;Meshram J S (Chemistry Dep, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur-440 033, , Email: mshyam.n@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis of some new biologically active 2-[(4"-substituted phenyl-6"-pyrimidin-2"-yl)-diazenyl-8'-1'/2'-napthal] pyrrole. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 310-16.

An efficient synthesis of 2-[(4"-substituted phenyl-6" -pyrimidin-2" -yl)-diazenyl-8'-1 '/2'- napthal] pyrroles has been achieved by reacting corresponding benzylidene acetyl pyrroles with guanidine carbonate followed by coupling the 2-[(6'-substituted phenyl-2'-amino)pyrimidine]pyrrole with 1/2-naphthal. These compounds were screened for their antibacterial activity against S. aureus, B. substilis and E. coli as well as for their antifungal activity against C. albicans and A. niger. The synthesized compounds are characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, elemental and chemical properties.

3 tables, 15 ref

019507   Nadaroglu H;Demir N;Demir Y (Chemistry Dep, College of Arts and Sciences, Ataturk Univ, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey, Email: demrin@yahoo.com) : Enzymatic method for determination of zinc in milk and dairy products. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1497-1502.

The method was applied to some milk and its products to determine the amount of zinc. For this purpose, milk, cheese, yogurt, ice cream and butter in Erzurum were taken and the zinc concentrations were determined with an enzymatic method. Carbonic anhydrase was purified by a Sepharose-4B-L tyrosine sulphanilamide affinity chromatography from bovine erythrocytes. The zinc, in this enzyme, was removed by dialysis against dipicolinic acid resulting in apo carbonic anhydrase was obtained at a ratio of 100 %. The regaining activity of the enzyme was determined by the esterase activity on p-nitrophenylacetate. For comparison, the same samples were analyzed in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). When the result of the AAS were compared with the enzymatic method, a positive correlation between two methods was observed. This suggests that enzy-matic methods can be used in some milk and dairy products.

1 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

019506   Morino M;Malik J N;Mishra P;Bhuiyan C;Kaneko F (International Corporation, , Rokubancho Kyodo Bldg, 2F, 6 Rokubancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan 102-0085, Email: morino@oyointer.com) : Active fault traces along Bhuj fault and Katrol Hill Fault, and trenching survery at Wandhay, Kachchh, Gujarat, India. J Earth Syst Sci 2008, 117(3), 181-8.

Several new active fault traces were identified along Katrol Hill Fault (KHF). A new fault (named as Bhuj Fault, BF) that extends into the Bhuj Plain was also identified. These fault traces were identified based on satellite photo interpretation and field survey. Trenches were excavated to identify the paleoseismic events, pattern of faulting and the nature of deformation. New active fault traces were recognized about 1 km north of the topographic boundary between the Katrol Hill and the plain area. The fault exposure along the left bank of Khari River with 10 m wide shear zone in the Mesozoic rocks and showing displacement of the overlying Quaternary deposits is indicative of continued tectonic activity along the ancient fault. The E-W trending active fault traces along the KHF in the western part changes to NE-SW or ENE- WSW near Wandhay village. Trenching survey across a low scarp near Wandhay village reveals three major fault strands F1, F2, and F3. These fault strands displaced the older terrace deposits comprising Sand, Silt and Gravel units along with overlying younger deposits from units 1 to 5 made of gravel, sand and silt. Stratigraphic relationship indicates at least three large magnitude earthquakes along KHF during Late Holocene or recent historic past.

7 illus, 14 ref

019505   Moirangthem N D;Laitonjam W S (Chemistry Dep, Manipur University, Canchipur-795 003) : Chromium(III) chloride catalyzed one-pot synthesis of pyrimidine-2-thiones from arylidines and thioureas. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(7), 1023-6.

019504   Mogilaiah K;Sharath Babu H;Shiva Prasad R (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009) : Facile and efficient synthesis of 1,3,4-oxadiazolyl 1,8-naphthyridines under microwave irradiation. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(6), 868-72.

An efficient and convenient method is described for the synthesis of 1-(5-aryl-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-yl-methyl)-3-(3-trifloromethylphenyl)-1H- [1,8]-naphthyridin-2-ones 5, by the oxidation of [2-oxo-3-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-2H-[1,8]naphthyridin-1-yl]acetic acid arylidenehydrazides 4 with PhI(OAc)2 under microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions.

019503   Moghaddam F M;Bardajee G R;Ismaili H (Chemistry Dep, Sharif Univ of Technology, P.O. Box 11365-9516, Tehran, Iran, Email: matloubi@sharif.edu) : Synthesis of bis (indolyl)methanes in presence of anhydrous copper(II) sulphate. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1063-7.

Reports the improved procedure for the preparation of bis(indolyl)methanes from the corresponding aldehydes and indole. Anhydrous copper(II) sulpfate efficiently promotes the chemoselective synthesis of bis(indolyl)-methanes via electrophilic substitution reactions of indole with aldehydes. The reaction was carried out in refluxing dichloro-methane or microwave-assisted solvent-free conditions. The adducts were produced in good to excellent yields.

1 table, 47 ref

019502   Mitu L;Kriza A;Dianu M (Physics and Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Pitesti Univ, Targul din Vale Street, No. 1, 110040, Pitesti, Romania, Email: ktm7ro@yahoo.com) : Complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) with the isonicotinoylhydrazone-3-aldehydeindole. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1627-32.

Complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) have been synthetized with the aroylhydrazone ligand (INHA1) formed by condensation of the isonicotinoylhydrazine with 3-aldehyde-indole. The complexes have been characterized by analytical data, IR, UV-Vis, NMR spectra, magnetic susceptibility, thermal analysis and for the Cu(II) complex by ESR spectrum. The biological activity of these complexes have been investigated for the bacterias Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris. The INHA1 ligand is coordinated bidentate by the oxygen amide C=O and the azomethine nitrogen in the complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II) and monodentate by the nitrogen of the pyridinic ring in the complexes of Mn(II), Zn(Il), Cd(II).

4 illus, 4 tables, 12 ref

019501   Mishra P;Tangri A (Chemistry Dep, Brahamanad College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Hydrolysis of mono 2,5-diethoxy aniline phosphate in acid medium. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 33-8.

These observations are based on the synthesis, kinetic behaviour and mechanism of hydrolysis of some organo phosphorus pesticides. The compound investigated was 2, 5-diethoxy aniline and its corresponding mono-ester which was prepared by phosphorylation with POCl₃. The kinetics of the hydrolysis of the this ester was studied in different media.

2 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

019500   Manivel P;Nawaz Khan F (Chemistry Div, School of Science and Humanities, VIT- University, Vellore-632 014) : <. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(6), 825-32.

Isocoumarnarins react with sodium borohydride to afford structurally diverse diols in two steps. Structure is confirmed by two dimensional NMR and GCMS analysis.

019499   Mani Chandrika P;Yakaiah T;Narsaiah B;Sridhar V;Venugopal G;Venkateshwara Rao J;Pranay Kumar K;Murthy U S N;Raghu Ram Rao A (Medicinal Chemistry Research Div, University College of Pharmaceutical, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506 009) : Synthesis leading to novel 2,4,6-trisubstituted quinazoline derivatives, their antibacterial and cytotoxic activity against THP-1, HL-60 and A375 cell lines. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(6), 840-7.

019498   Mahilkar S;Mohabey H (Chemistry Dep, Government Digvijay Postgraduate College, Ranandgon-491 141) : Kinetic parameters of copper(II) complex of N-hydroxy-N-(2-chloro-3-methyl)phenyl-N'-(2,6-dimethyl)-phenylbenzamid ine hydrochloride. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1636-8.

N-Hydroxy-N-(2-chloro-3-methyl)phenyl-N'-(2,6-dimethyl)phenylbenzamidi ne hydrochloride reacts with copper(II) to form water insoluble buff colored precipitate. The reaction is quantitative in the pH range 2.5-10.0. The thermal gravimetric analysis of the solid dry complex was done. The complex melts at 220 °C with decomposition. The decomposition takes place almost in one step in the range 220-500 °C. TGA data of decomposition has been used for the calculation of kinetic parameters i.e. energy of activation, frequency factor and entropy employing Coats-Redfern, Sharp-Wentworth, Piloyan-Novikova methods. The values obtained are in good agreement. The negative value of entropy suggests more ordered structure than free ligand.

^ssc12 ref

019497   Li J T;Lin Z P (College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei Univ, Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Boading 071002, P.R. China, Email: lijitai@yahoo.com.cn) : Conjugate adition of indoles with 1,5-diaryl-1,4-pentadien-3-ones catalyzed by molecular iodine under ultrasound irradiation. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1109-20.

The conjugate addition of indoles with 1,5-diaryl-l,4-pentadien-3-ones catalyzed by molecular iodine afforded the corresponding products in moderate to good yields under ultrasound irradiation at room temperature within 40-90 min.

5 tables, 25 ref

019496   Kushwaha S S S;Gupta S (Chemical Laboratories, P.P.N. College Campus, C.S.J.M. Univ, Kanpur-208 001, Email: ssskushwaha41@rediffmail.com) : Thermodynamic selectivity of mixed-ligand Cu(II) complexes of dipeptides and phenoxy acid herbicides:structure-stability-activity correlations. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1007-17.

Non-covalent peptide-herbicide intramolecular interactions have been examined in solution in ternary complexes of the type CuAL⁺ or Cu(HA)L, where A^-" = anion of dipeptide like Gly-Phe, HA^- = anion of Gly-Tyr and L^- = anion of phenoxy acid herbicide like phenoxyacetic acid (PAA); 2-chloro phenoxyacetic acid (2-CPA); 2,4-dichlorophe-noxyacetic acid (2,4-D); 2,5-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,5-D); 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T); 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA); 2-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)propionic acid (2,4-DP); 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butyric acid (MCPB) or 4-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy) butyric acid (2,4-DB). The protonation constants of ligands and stability constants of binary and ternary complexes have been determined by potentiometric pH-titration at 25 °C and μ = 0.1 M (KNO₃) together with the thermodynamic data. From these parameters and the UV-Visible and ESR spectra of the complexes, it has been established that, besides Cu(II)-ligand coordination characteristics of simple dipep-tides and phenoxy acid ligands, there are interactions between the rf-electron orbitals of Cu(II) and the 6π-electron systems of aromatic rings and between hydrophobic parts of the molecules. A linear correlation between pKa/or stability constants of binary/ternary complexes of chlorophenoxyacetic acids and Hammett CT-values indicates that they share a common mode of action.

3 illus, 4 tables, 16 ref

019495   Kus N S;Kazaz C (Chemistry Dep, Mersin Univ, 33343, Mersin, Turkey, Email: simmer@mersin.edu.tr) : Some oxidation reactions with molecular oxygen in subcritical water. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1226-30.

Some alkyl arenes such as fluorene and ethy] benzene have been oxidized to the corresponding carbonyl compounds. 1,4-Diol and cyclic ethers give lactones and lactams, which are converted into corresponding imides under these conditions. Describes a simple and general procedure that can be used for the oxidative transformation of many organic functional groups.

1 table, 28 ref

019494   Kumbhare R M;Ingle V N (Fluoroorganic Div, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad-500 007) : Synthesis of novel benzothiozole and benz-isoxazole functionalized unsymmetrical alkanes and study of their antimicrobial activity. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(7), 996-1000.

Synthesis of novel benzothiozole and benzisoxazole functionalized unsymmetrical alkanes is achieved and their antibacterial and antifungal activity studied.

019493   Kumar G (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Botswana Univ, Private Bag, UB 00704, Gaborone, Botswana, Email: kumarg@mopipi.ub.bw) : Synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand nickel(II) complexes of iminodiacetic acid and hippuric acid. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1143-7.

Mixed ligand nickel(II) complexes, Na[Ni{NH(CH₂COO)₂} (C₆H₅CONHCH₂COO)-H₂O]-6H₂O and Na[Ni{NH(CH₂COO)₂} (C₆H₅CONHCH₂COO)-H₂O] formed with iminodiacetic acid and hippuric acid have been synthesized. Their mode of coordination and the structures have been investigated using infra-red spectra, electronic spectra and magnetic measurements. Iminodiacetic acid has been found to act as a tridentate ligand with the coordination occurring through the carboxylate oxygen atoms and the nitrogen atom. Hippuric acid behaves as a bidentate ligand coordinating through the carboxylate oxygen atom and the nitrogen of the amido group. The sixth coordination position is satisfied by the water molecule.

1 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

019492   Krishnasamy K;Venkateswaran V;Shanmugam M (Chemistry Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalai Nagar-608 002, Email: krishbala56@yahoo.co.in) : Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of diphenyl sulphides by bis-pyridinesilve(I) dichromate. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 944-8.

The kinetics of oxidation of diphenyl sulphide (DPS) by bis-pyridinesilver(I) dichromate (BPSDC) have been studied in 70 % aqueous acetic acid medium. The reaction is first order with respect to [oxidant] and fractional order with respect to [substrate]. The reaction has been found to be catalyzed by H⁺ ions. Decrease the dielectric constant of the medium increases the rate. Activation parameters have been evaluated from the Eyring's plot. The stoichiometric studies reveal that the reactants react in 1:1 mole ratio via the formation of a complex. Mechanism consistent with the observed kinetics results has been proposed and the related rate law was derived.

4 tables, 15 ref