019441   Anil Kumar;Devinder Kumar (Chemistry Dep, Guru Jambheshwar Univ of Science and Technology, Hisar-125 001, Email: dk_ic@yahoo.com) : Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some metal complexes derived from 2-(2'-Hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 1588-92.

Synthesis, antibacterial and antifungal activity of metal complexes derived from 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole has been described.

1 table, 14 ref

019440   Anbusrinivasan P;Kavitha S (Chemistry Dep, AVC College (Autonomous), Mayiladuthurai-609 305, Email: panbusrinivas@gmail.com) : Growth and characterization studies of 2-bromo-4-chloroacetophenone crystals. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(2), 979-82.

The crystals of 2-bromo-4-chloroacetophenone (BCAP) were grown from carbon tetrachloride as solvent using slow evaporation technique at room temperature. Transparent, good quality BCAP crystals were successfully grown. Solubility studies were made using this solvent at various temperatures. The various functional groups present in the grown crystal have been identified using FTIR spectra. The grown crystals were subjected to ^{1H NMR studies and thermal studies in order to confirm the structure and purity of the grown crystals, respectively. The transparency of the crystal were tested using UV-Visible spectral analysis. Solubility and metastable zone width studies of BCAP in CCl₄ have been carried at various temperatures. SHG efficiency of the grown crystals was analyzed by kurtz powder technique.}

1 illus, 10 ref

019439   Anand S (Chemistry Dep, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Email: sarikaanand10@yahoo.co.in) : Synthesis and characterization of complexes of pseudohalonitrosyl iron with N-benzoyl urea and related ligands. Int J chem Sci 2007, 5(1), 385-95.

Reactions of pentapseudohalonitrosylferrate (II) with N-benzoyl urea and related ligands formed complexes of the type, [Fe(X)₃(NO)(L-L)] where X = CN^{- , NCO- and N₃- and L-L = N-Benzoyl urea (NBD), N-Benzoyl thiourea (NBTU), N-Benzoyl hydroxylamine(NBHA) and N-Benzoyl hydrazine (NBHz). The complexes were characterized by various physico-chemical techniques such as elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, infrared spectroscopy, electronic spectra, thermal gravimetric analysis and molecular modeling.}

2 illus, 4 tables, 10 ref

019438   Abbs Fen Reji T F;Rajasekharan K N (Chemistry Dep, Nesamony Memorial Christian College, Marthandam-629 165) : 2-(2-Alkylamino-4-aminothiazol-5-oyl)-N-methyl-benzimidazoles: Synthesis and the effect of intra molecular H-bonding in ¹H NMR.. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(6), 877-81.

Synthesis and characterization of 2-(2-alkylamino-4-aminothiazol-5-oyl)-N-methylbenzimidazoles, as the analogs of dendrodoine are described. The two signals in the ¹H NMR spectrum arising from the NH₂ hydrogens due to intramolecular H-bonding is also explained.

^ssc

018519   Zhang X;Hu Q;Chen Z;Huang H;Zhang C;Yang G (Chemistry Dep, Yuxi Yeacher's College, Yuxi, 653100, P.R. China, Email: zhx@yxtc.net) : Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water, soil and biological samples by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3489-96.

Describes a capillary gas chromatography method for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in water, soil and biological samples with nitrogen phosphorus detector. The determination of the pesticides (co-ral, DDVP, disyston, ethion, phosdrin, malathion) in samples of tobacco, tea and water with a manual SPME-CG holder using a 100 μm PDMS microfiber, is simple, easy to handle and solvent-free. The optimised conditions for pesticides extraction by SPME-CG method were optimized. Under choise conditions, the analytical curves were linear in different ranges (depend of each pesticide) with correlation coefficients from 0.9987 to 0.9992 and the precision was good (RSD from 3.2 to 7.6%). The detection limit was 0.004 to 1.800 μg L^-1 and the quantification limit was 0.009 to 2.500 μg L^-1. This method was employed to detect and quantify pesticides with good results.

2 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref

018518   Zavvar Mousavi H;Shirkhanloo H (Chemistry Dep, College of Science, Semnan Univ, Semnan, Iran, Email: hzmousavi@semnan.ac.ir) : Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of trace amount of lead and copper in water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3633-40.

A simple and sensitive method for simultaneous preconcentration and determination of lead and copper by flame atomic absorption spectrometry was developed. This method was based on solid phase extraction of lead and copper with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid chelate on naphthalene column. After preconcentration stage, the column was eluted by 5 mL of 1.2 mol L^-1 nitric acid solution and metal ions directly determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The effect of different variables such as pH, sample volume, amount of chelate, flow rate and eluent solution on the recovery of the analyte was investigated. The detection limits were 0.7 and 0.5 μg L^-1 for lead and copper, respectively. The relative standard deviations of the determinations for analyte ions were below 4%. This procedure was applied to the determination of lead and copper in water samples. The results demonstrated that the procedure can be applied for analysis of waters with satisfactory accuracy.

4 tables, 17 ref

018517   Yurdakul A;Ozen R (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Mersin Univ, 33342, Mersin, Turkey, Email: rozen@mersin.edu.tr) : 3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium chlorochromate: a mild and effective reagent for the oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds and arenes to quinones. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 4065-8.

A new chromium(Ylljeagent, 3,4-dihydroisoqinolinium chlorochromate (DIQCC) was prepared and characterized. This reagent is suitable to oxidize various primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds and antracene to anraquinone in a good yields.

1 table, 13 ref

018516   Yang W;Zhauang C;Wang J;Shi Y (NO, College of Science, Nanjing Univ of Technology, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China, Email: yangwz@njut.edu.cn) : Alkylimidazolium-based ionic liquids as lithium-ion battery electrolyte. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3507-14.

The two alkylimidazolium-based ionic liquids of 1-me-thyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIBF₄) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIBF₄) are synthesized and their electrochemical properties are investigated by using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques. The results reveal that the electrochemical windows of these two ionic liquids are both about 4.3 V and their ionic conductivity are 13.7 and 3.0 mS/cm respectively at 25 °C. The demonstration battery with graphite anode and LiCoO2 cathode are prepared by using EMIBF₄, BMIBF₄ and 1 mol L^-1 LiPF₆ as electrolyte and 5% of vinylene carbonate (VC) as additive. The coulombic efficiency of the EMIBF₄-involved electrolyte is up to 90% after 50 cycles and the capacity remaines above 91 mAhmg^-1 during the whole cycle, while the coulombic efficiency of the BMIBF₄-based battery droppes directly after 10 cycles. The capacity of the EMIBF₄-based battery with C/5 rate is 80% of C/15 rate in 25 °C.

7 illus, 16 ref

018515   Yang W;Cang H;Tang Y;Wang J;Shi Y (College of Science, Nanjing Univ of Technology, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China, Email: yangwz@njut.edu.cn) : Reduction of Tin(II) and Antimony(III) in the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3677-86.

The reductions of Sn(II) and Sb(III) were studied in the air-stable (1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate) [EMIm]BF₄ ionic liquid at room temperature. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) results show that reductions of Sn(II) and Sb(IlI) on Pt electrode are electrochemically irreversible behaviour. Diffusion coefficients for Sn(II) and Sb(III) were calculated from LSV data. The Stokes-Einstein products for Sn(II) and Sb(IIl) are 7.27 x 10^-10 and 2.35 x 10¹⁰ g cm s^-2 K^-1. These values indicate that the formation of simpler Sn(II) chloro complex species and higher Sb(III) chloro complexes in the [EMlm]BF₄. The electrodeposition of Sn(II) and Sb(III) was investigated on Pt electrode. Energy dispersive spectroscope (EDS) results show that tin and antimony can be reduced to their metals on Pt electrode simultaneously.

7 illus, 5 tables, 21 ref

018514   Yadav A K;Singh V;Singh D (Chemistry Dep, Synthetical Organic Research Laboratory, T.D. Postgraduate College, Jaunpur-222 002, Email: yadav_ajay002@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis and antifungal activity of some novel 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-substituted phenyl-6-imino-4,7-dihydro-1,3-thiazino(5,4-d)pyrazoles. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3511-14.

1-Phenyl-3-methyl-4-substituted phenyl-6-imino-4, 7-dihydro-l,3-thiazino(5,4-d)pyrazoles (3) have been synthesized by the reaction of l-phenyl-4-arylidene-3-methyl pyrazolo-5-ones (2) and thiourea in methanolic KOH. The synthesized compounds have been screened for their antifungal activity against P. graminis tritici and P. recondita.

2 tables, 7 ref

018513   Wang S;Wu X H;Jiang Z H (NO, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P.R. China, Email: wxhqw@263.net ) : Synthesis of cis-dithiocyanato bis (4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium and its application in dye-senstized solar cells. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3438-46.

cis-Dithiocyanato bis(4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine) ruthenium was synthesized from 4-methylpyridine by the reactions of cross-coupling, oxidation, conjugating reaction and ligand substitution reaction. The product and its intermediates were characterized with IR spectrum, GC-MS, NMR and elemental analysis. TiO₂ films were obtained by sol-gel method and these films were sensitized by cis-RuL₂(SCN)₂ (L = cis-2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxlic acid). UV and IR absorption spectroscopy of the sensitized film indicated that the cis-RuL₂(SCN)₂ has attached to the surface of the TiO₂ particles. In addition, cis-RuL₂(SCN)₂2H₂O applications in dye-sensitized solar cells were demonstrated. From the I-V curves, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (I_SC) were also measured.

5 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

018512   Vidyarthi S N;Dushyant Kumar;Rakesh Singh; Tiwari S (Chemistry Dep, J.P. Univ, Chapra-841 301) : Synthesis and characterization of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes of bidentate schiff base. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3828-32.

Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with bidentate Schiff base have been prepared and characterized. The complexes were coloured, amorphous in nature and are soluble in DMSO and DMF. The conductance measurement shows the complexes are non-electrolytes in DMF. Elemental analysis confirmed to the 1:2 stoichiometry. Magnetic, electronic and IR spectral information suggest the octahedral structure for Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes.

2 tables, 9 ref

018511   Venkata Reddy V;Maheshwar Rao B;Prasad Rao A M;Mahesh Reddy G (Research and Development Dep, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Limited, 7-1-27, Amerpeet, 4th Floor, Hyderabad-500 016, Email: reddyghanta@yahoo.com) : Identification and synthesis of potntial impurities of losartan potassium - a non-peptide angiotensinogen II receptor antagonist. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3789-96.

In the process for the preparation of 1. identified four potential impurities ranging from 0.05-0.15% were detected in HPLC. Based on the mass spectral data obtained by LC-MS analysis structure of these impurities were characterized as potassium salt of 2-n-butyl-5-chloro-4-hydroxymethyl-1-[(2'-(2H-tetrazolc-5-yl)-1,1 '-biphenyl-4-yl )methyl]-1H-unidazol (Imp-A, Isolosartan potassium), potassium salt of 5-(4'-methyl-1,1 '-biphenyl-2yl)-2H-tetrazole (Imp-B, biphenyl tetrazole analogue of 1), 2-butyl-4-chloro-l-[[2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1, 1'-biphe-nyl )-4-yl]inethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-ethanoate (Imp-C, ester analogue of 1 )a!id2-/i-butyl-4-chloro-l-[[2'-(lH-tetrazol-5-yl)-1,1-biphenyl)-4-ylj -5-triphenyl methoxy methyl-1H-imidazole (Imp-D, o-trityl losartan). These impurities were synthesized from an unambiguous route, confirmed the structure by collecting various spectral data and co-injected with 1, retention time is matching with expected impurities To our knowledge the impurities A-D were not reported as process impurities elsewhere.

1 illus, 3 ref

018510   Utale P S;Deshmukh R A;Doshi A G (Chemistry Dep, Science College, Congress Nagar, Nagpur-440 012) : Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 2- acetoxy substituted chalcone. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 13-16.

The acid or base-catalysed aldol condensation of 2-hydroxy acetophenone with substituted benzaldehyde and anisaldehyde, furnish substituted chalcone.

2 tables, 12 ref

018509   Turwatkar S L;Mehta B H (Chemistry Dep, Mumbai Univ, Vidyanagari, Mumbai-400 098, Email: bipin_281050@yahoo.com) : Analytical and crystallographic parameters of Hg(II) complexes derived from substituted schiff bases. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3671-6.

Mercury(II) complexes of type Hg(L)₂.H₂O, where L = substituted Schiff bases, prepared from condensation of 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde with o-toluidine, p-toluidine, o-amino benzoic acid, p-amino benzoic acid and are named as L₁, L₂. L₃ and L₄, respectively, while two ligands L₅ and L₆ were prepared by condensation of 2-hydroxy-l-naphthaldehyde with o-amino benzoic acid and p-amino benzoic acid respectively and n = 1,2,3,4,5,6 have been prepared and characterized by IR, X-ray, UV-visible etc. Molar conductivity measurements indicates that the complexes are non-electrolytic in nature. The metal complexes of schiff bases are assigned tetrahedral structure.

3 tables, 17 ref

018508   Tumuklu A;Gumus H;Sen S (Geology Dep, Geological Engineering, Faculty of Architecture, Nigde Univ, Nigde 51100, Turkey, Email: alitum@nigde.edu.tr) : Role of trace elements in natural amethysts in colouring. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 4138-40.

A research has been conducted on trace elements that are likely to colour natural amethyst, a semiprecious gemstones. The trace elements of two amethyst samples, one in purple and the other one in lilac, which were procured from Dursunbey (Balikesir, Turkey) were defined. Comparing the trace elements obtained with the previous studies, it was concluded that the colour purple intensified as Fe and Mn proportions in amethysts increased and the colour purple turned into a lighter purple, which was lilac as the proportion of Sb element diminished.

^ssc2 tables, 11 ref

018507   Thomas S;Harikumaran Nair M L (Chem Dep, Univ College, Thiruvananthapuram-695034, Email: drmlhnair@gmail.com) : Synthesis and spectral studies of some oxomolybdenum (V) and dioxomolybdenum(VI) complex complexes of the azo dye derived from 4-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl pyrazol-5-one. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3461-7.

Some novel oxomolybdenum(V) complexes of the type MoOLXCl₂ (L = BPAAP, X = Cl, NCS. CIO₄ or NO₃) and dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes of the type MoO₂LX) (L = BPAAP, X = CI, C10₄ or 1/2SO₄) and MoO₂LXCl (L = BPAAP, X = NCS orNO₃) with the azo dye, 2,3-dimethyl-l-phenyl-4-(2-hydroxy-5-bromophenyl azo) pvraz.ol-5-one(bromophenolazoantipyrine-BPAAP) derived from 4-aminoantipyrine, have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic and conductance measurements, IR, electronic, ESR and X-ray diffraction spectral studies. Magnetic and ESR spectral data suggest that the Mo(V) complexes are monomeric with molybdenum in the pentavalent state. The electronic spectral bands of these complexes at 650, 500 and 390nm are assigned to b₂→e. b₂→b₁ and O(π) →d(Mo) transitions respectively The IR data confirms the neutral bidentate behaviour of the ligand and the presence of MoO³⁺ moiety in Mo(V) complexes and cis-MoO₂ moiety in Mo(VT) complexes. The XRD pattern of one of the complexes studied suggest orthorhombic structure with unit cell dimensions a= 10.485 Angstrum, b = 13.829 Angstrum and c = 17.89 Angustrum.

4 illus, 1 table, 18 ref

018506   Thomas K K;Reshmy R (Chemistry Dep, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara-690 110, Email: reshmypkumar@gmail.com) : Synthesis of a new series of bioactive benzimidazoloylthiazoles. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3549-55.

The of thiazole ring in a compound is found to exhibit a wide variety of biological activity. In this synthetic method two versatile [4+1] synthetic strategies are demonstrated. 14 Densely functionalized ketothiazoles synthesized and the structure of these new compounds established spectro-scopically using spectroscopic techniques. All the toothiazoles screened for antibacterial activity, out of which ten are found to be active against Bacillus subtilis.

1 table, 11 ref

018505   Thaminum Ansari A;Subramani K (Chemistry Dep, Ganadipathy Tulsi's Jain Engineering College, Vellore-632 102, Email: tham_ans@rediffmail.com) : Br(V)-induced electron transfer in pentaamminecobalt(III) complexes of α-amino acids. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3475-81.

Br(V) induced electron transfer in pentaamminecobalt(III) complexes of α-amino acids yielding 30% of CO₂, 30% of Co(II) and 70% of glyoxalato complex are ultimate products. The decrease in absorbance at 502 nm for Co(III) complex corresponds to nearly 40% of the initial absorbance. Though the stoichiometry of Br(V) to unbound ligand is 1.0:0.6, the ratio of Br(V) to cobalt(III) complex is 1:0.3 accounting for about 40% reduction at the cobalt(III) centre. The kinetic and stoichiometric results have been accounted by a suitable mechanism involving radical cation intermediate.

4 tables, 12 ref

018504   Thakare N R;Jamode V S (Chemistry Dep, Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati-444 603, Email: nileshthakare19@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of some 3-coumaryl-5-aryl pyrazolines and pyrazoles. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3633-6.

Some 3-coumaryl-5-aryl pyrazolines (7a-f), (8a-f), (9a-f) and pyrazoles (10a-f) were synthesized and tested for antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, E. coli, Pr. mirabilis, Ps. aeruginosa. All these compounds were found effective against almost all micro-organisms.

4 tables, 11 ref

018503   Tarase M V;Gurnule W B;Zade A B (Chemistry Dep, Kamla Nehru College, Nagpur-440 009, Email: wbgurnule@yahoo.co.in) : Thermal degradation studies of terpolymer resins derived from 2,4-dihydroxypopiophenone, biuret and formaldehyde. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 41-8.

The terpolymer resins have been synthesized by the condensation of 2,4-dihydroxypropiophenone with biuret and formaldehyde in the presence of 2M HCI as catalyst with varying proportion of reactants. Thermal decomposition curve are discussed with careful attention of minute details. The Freeman-Caroll and Sharp-Wentworth method have been used to calculate thermal activation energy and thermal stability. Thermal activation energy (Ea) calculated with these methods are in agreement with each other. Thermodynamic parameter such as free energy change (ΔF), entropy change (AS), apperant entropy change (S*) and frequency factor, (Z) are also determined on the basis of TG-curve and using data of Freeman-Caroll method. The order of thermal stability of terpolymer has been determined by using TGA.

4 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

018502   Talebi S M;Habib-Ollahi S (Chemistry Dep, Isfahan Univ, Isfahan, Iran) : Simultaneous determination of inorganic arsenic species associated with PM10 particulate matter in urban air. Bull chem Sci 2005, 4(1), 19-24.

A rapid, simple, and easy preparation procedure followed by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS) using an electrically heated quartz absorption cell was developed for the simultaneous determination of arsenic. (III) and arsenic (V) in PM₁₀ particulate matter. The recovery test showed that the proposed method is reliable and sensitive enough to be used for speciation of arsenic in air pollution studies. The determinations of arsenic concentration in urban air showed that about 50% of total arsenic is as arsenic (III). The variation in concentrations of total arsenic and CO was investigated and a good similarity was found between them. Atmospheric concentration of arsenic in urban and rural areas were also compared and showed much higher concentrations for arsenic species in urban areas.

5 illus, 9 ref

018501   Taherpour A A;Kheradmand K (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Arak Islamic Azad Univ, P.O. Box 38135-567, Arak, Iran, Email: avatarman.taherpour@gmail.com) : One-pot microwave assisted solid phase synthesis of cyclic imides from cyclic anhydrides. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3341-4.

A simple one-pot microwave assisted solid phase synthesis of cyclic imides from cyclic anhydrides by the use of KBr as solid phase, urea and thiourea as reagents in good yield are reported.

1 table, 36 ref

018500   Taherpour A A;Kamal S B (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Graduate, Islamic Azad Univ, P.O. Box 38135-567, Arak, Iran, Email: avat_1@yahoo.co.uk) : 1,2,3-trione compounds synthesis by oxidation 1,3-diketones. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 4107-9.

For synthesis of the 1,2,3-trione compounds from 1,3-diketones was utilized SeO2-H₂O₂ as oxidative agents and T.H.F.-H₂O as solvent. This method has better yield in comparison with the similar methods.

^ssc1 table, 7 ref

018499   Suthakaran R;Somasekhar G;Sridevi Ch.; Marikannan M;Suganthi K;Nagarajan G (Pharmac Chem Dep, S N Vanita Pharmacy Mahavidyalaya, Exhibition Grounds, Nampally, Hyderabad-500001, Email: sudha_sudhar@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis, antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of 7-methoxy benzofuran pyrazoline derivatives. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3353-62.

Chalcones were prepared from 2-acetyl-7-methoxy benzofuran and condensed with different aromatic acid hydrazides to get corresponding pyrazolines. The structures of all these compounds have been established on the basis of analytical and spectral data. Compounds have been screened for antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Among sevenjcompbunds that were screened for antiinflammatory activity.

1 sch, 4 tables, 25 ref

018498   Sushama P G;Mary Dorothy A;Alaudeen M (Chem Dep, Government College for Women, Trivandrum-695014, Email: marytsn@rediffmail.com) : Antimicrobial and antifungal activity of Mn(III) complexes of 2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1.4-benzoquinone derivative. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3403-6.

Structural modifications of embelin (2,5-dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a bioactive compound, were attempted earlier to get various pharmacological profiles. In view of the above reports a new azo derivative of 2,5 dihydroxy-3-undecyl-1,4-benzoquinone with 2-aminobenzo-thiazole was prepared. The product 6-(2'-benzofhiazolylazo) embelin was complexed with Mn(III) chloride, acetate, nitrate and perchlorate. The complexes were screened for antibacterial, antifungal and anthelmintic activities and the complexes were found to exhibit enhanced activity than the ligand.

018497   Suresh Kumar;Lamba M S;Makrandi J K (Chemistry Dep, Maharshi Dayanand Univ, Rohtak-124 001, Email: jkmakrandi@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis of deoxybenzoins using microwave irradiations under solvent free condition. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 4121-3.

Phenols on reaction with arylacetic acid in the presence of polyphosphoric acid (PPA) under microwave irradiation and solvent free condition give deoxybenzoins directly in high yields.

^ssc1 table, 15 ref

018496   Sunil Kumar;Sonika (Chemistry Dep, Guru Jambheshwar Univ of Science & Technology, Hisar-125 001, Email: sc_ic2001@yahoo.co.in) : Synhesis, spectral studies and antifungal activity of β-diketonate complexes of bimetallic organotin(IV) aluminium(III)-μ-oxoalkoxides. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3869-76.

Organotin derivatives of the type PhMeSn(OAc)OAl (OPrⁱ)(L), PhMeSn(OAc)OAl(L)₂, PhMeSnO₂Al₂(OPrⁱ)₃(L) and PhMeSnO2Al₂(OPrⁱ)₂(L)₂ have been synthesized by the reaction of PhMeSn(OAc)OAl(OPr^{i)₂ (1) and PhMeSnO₂Al₂ (OPri)₄ (2) with p-diketones in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratio in refluxing benzene. These complexes have been'characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies (IR, 1H, 13C, 27Al and 119Sn NMR). The results of antifungal activity of the complexes as well as precursors have also been recorded and discussed with the standard fungicide against Colletotrichum falcatum.}

1 illus, 2 tables, 30 ref

018495   Sundaramoorthi P;Kalainathan S (Physics Dep, Mahendra Engineering College, Mallasamudram (W), Namakkal-637 503, Email: sundara78@rediffmail.com) : Characterstics studies of strontium hydrogen phosphate crystals. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3739-46.

Strontium hydrogen phosphate [SHP] crystals are found rarely in urinary tract. The crystals were grown artificially by single and double diffusion gel growth technique. The grown crystals were found to be having good single, polycrystal-line, dendrite and platelets types of morphologies. The crystal cell parameters were determined by powdered XRD method. The thermal properties were studied by thermogravi-metric analysis. The surface morphology and crystal defects of well-grown crystals were analyzed by SEM and Etching studies. The SHP crystal growth processes were observed in focusing laser light and sunlight to the growth column. From the results SHP crystal nucleation rates were reduced.

9 illus, 3 tables, 11 ref

018494   Sultana S;Krishnan S;Gunasekaran S; Venkataraman T (Chemistry Dep, St. Peter's Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai-600 054, Email: sayeeda2006@yahoo.com) : Synthesis and characterization of random copolyesters of aromatic diols. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3545-8.

Copolyesters based on adipoyl chloride with aromatic diols were synthesized by solution polycondensation method. The copolyesters were characterised by IR, ¹H NMR, UV-Visible spectral studies. Solubility was checked in some common organic solvents and they showed better solubility in acetone and dimethyl formamide. The solubility of copolyesters depends on the rigidity of polymer backbone, molecular weight and interaction between polymer and solvent molecules. The random units distributed in the copolyester chain were assigned based on spectral studies.

14 ref

018493   Sujith M P;Janardanan C (Chemistry Dep, Sree Narayana Postgraduate College and Research Centre, Kannur-670 007) : Synthesis, characterization and analytical applications of tin(IV) tungstoborate. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3657-62.

A new inorganic ion exchanger of the class of multivalent metal acid salt, tin(IV) tungstoborate has been synthesized by varying the conditions and characterized based on ion exchange capacity determinations, distribution coefficients for various metal ions, pH titration curves, temperature and electrolyte impact on ion exchange capacity, FT1R spectros-copy, TGA-DTA and XRD studies. The distribution study shows that the exchanger is having selectivity for Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, A1³⁺ and negligible selectivity for Th⁴⁺. It is stable in organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, ether and in dilute mineral acids. Binary separations of Pb²⁺-Th⁴⁺, Cu²⁺-Th⁴⁺, Cd²⁺-Th⁴⁺, Co²⁺-Th⁴⁺, Ni²⁺-Th⁺, Ca²⁺-Th⁴⁺ mixtures were carried out using the exchanger column. Separations of binary mixtures using tin(IV) tungstoborate column found to be 98-100%.

1 illus, 4 tables, 19 ref

018492   Srilatha T;Raghunath Rao P (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009, Email: raghunath_pemma@yahoo.com) : Graft polymerization of isobornyl acrylate and isobornyl methacrylate onto cis-polybutadiene - a kinetic study. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3755-64.

The radical induced grafting of isobornyl acrylate (IBA) and isobornyl methacrylate (IBM) onto cis-polybutadiene (PBD) has been studied in toluene at 70°C using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as an initiator. The effect of monomer concentration on grafting yield shows that the grafting yield increases up to 0.60 monomer concentration and then remains almost constant. A logarithmic plot of rate of grafting against monomer concentration gives a linear relationship giving order with respect to IBA as 1.33 and IBM as 1.22. The formation of graft copolymers and the site of grafting were confirmed by IR spectra. The grafting of IBA on PBD occured on the double bond position and that of IBM on vinylic position. The grafting yield was increased with increasing initiator concentration up to 0.030 g. The variation of graft yield with reaction time shows that grafting yield increased initially with increase in the reaction time and then remained almost constant. Increasing temperature increases the graft yield up to certain temperature and then it decreases at higher temperature. This is due to the mutual termination of initiating free radicals. Thermogravemetric analysis has been studied for homo- and graft copolymers. Initial decomposition temperature (IDT) and decomposition temperature at 50% weight loss have been determined. Intrinsic viscosity measurements on the graft copolymer has been determined.

1 illus, 9 tables, 19 ref

018491   Sridevi S;Raghunath Rao P (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-560 009, Email: raghunath_pemma@yahoo.com) : Synthesis and charaterization of copolymer of methacrylonitrile with isobornyl methacrylate. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3663-70.

Copolymer of methacrylonitrile (MAN) with isobornyl methacry-late (IBM) has been studied by free radical polymerization using azo-bis-isobutyro nitrile (AIBN) as initiator in dimethyl formamide (DMF) at 60 ± 1°C. The monomer reactivity ratio was computed by both Fineman-Ross (F-R) and Kelen-Tudos (K-T) methods. The reactivity ratio values suggest the formation of random copolymers which has been supported by the azeotropic composition evaluation. The mean sequence length (n ) and probabilities (p) in the formation of various structurally units were evaluated. The molecular weights of the polymers were determined by gel permeation chromatography and they increase with the increase of the MAN content. The solubility parameters were determined with viscometric method. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of the copolymers were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the copolymer was studied. The dielectric properties of the copolymer like the dielectric constant and dielectric lass were studied. The results are compared with methacrylonitrile and isobornyl acrylate (MAN-FBA) system.

3 illus, 7 tables, 16 ref

018490   Soleimani M;Morsali A;Khani A (Chemistry Dep, Imam Khomeini International Univ, Qazvin, Iran, Email: m-soleimani@hotmail.com) : New reagent for solid phase extraction and atomic absorption determination of trace amount of Fe(III) in water samples. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3554-60.

A solid phase extraction method was developed for the preconcentration of Fe³⁺ in water samples prior to it determinations by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using 2.2'-diamino-4.4'-bithiazole (DABTZ) as a new ligand. For this, metal complex with DABTZ was retained on-the column. The retained analytes on the column were recoverd with 2.5 mL of methanoi. Fe³⁺ in effluent was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The optimum preconcentration conditions have been investigated such as concentration and type of buffer, the effect of pH, type of elution solvent and eluent flow rate. The obtained recovery was nearly 85-93 by elution of the column octadcyl silica cartridge with minimal amount of solvent and concentration factor of 160 achieved by passing 400 mL of sample through the column. The relative standard deviation (3 replicate analyte) 1.90% was obtained. The limit of detection, sensitivity and correlation coefficient of the proposed method are 2 ppm, 0.05 ppin and 0.992. respectively.

2 illus, 4 tables, 23 ref

018489   Smitha G;Areefulla Hussainy S;Swamy P V; Appala Raju S (NO, H K E Society's College of Pharmacy, Gulbarga-585105, Email: vspadavala@rediffmail.com) : Extractive spectrophotometric determination of itopride hydrochloride. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3445-8.

A simple and sensitive extractive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the quantitative determination of itopfide hydrochloride in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations. The developed method involves formation of coloured chloroform extractable complex of drug with bromocresol green in acidic medium. The complex in chloroform has showed absorption maximum at 419.8 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 2-10 μg/ mL. The results of analysis of the above method have been validated statistically and by recovery studies.

2 tables, 7 ref

018488   Singh Y P;Tomar A S;Goyal M K;Singh R A (Physics Dep, Govt. Women's Polytechnic College, Sagar, Email: Y_P_S_2k@yahoo.com) : GVFF for salicylic acid and its amino-substitutent molecules. Asian J Spectrosc 2008, 12(4), 169-70.

GVFF calculations for the salicylic acid, 3-aminosalicyclic acid, 4-aminosalicyclic acid and 5-aminosalicyclic acid have been performed assuming C_s point symmetry. Reinvestigated the vibrational spectra of these molecules and unique feature of the study is the determination of a single set of force constants to reproduce the vibrational frequencies for all the investigated molecules.

1 table, 5 ref

018487   Singh Y P;Das R;Tomar A S (Physics Dep, Govt. Women's Polytechnic College, Sagar-470 001, Email: Y_P_S_2k@yahoo.com) : Comparison of experimental and ab initio HF and DFT vibrational spectra of 3'-azido-2'-deoxythymidine. Asian J Spectrosc 2008, 12(4), 163-7.

A combined experimental and theoretical study on molecular and vibrational structure of 3'-azido-2'-deoxythymidine (Zidovudine AZT) has been reported. The Fourier transform infrared spectra was recorded in the solid phase, in the region of 2500-400 cm^-1. Assuming C_s point symmetry, vibrational assignments for the observed frequencies have been proposed by means of quantum chemical calculations using density functional theory and Hartree-Fock method with 6-311++G** basis sets. An assignment of normal modes of vibration to the observed and experimental frequencies has been based on these calculations. The theoretical wavenumbers showed very good agreement with the experimental values. A detailed interpretation of the infrared also is reported. The theoretical FT-IR spectra of the title molecule have also been constructed.

2 illus, 20 ref

018486   Singh V K;Singh D (Synthetic Organic Research Laboratory, Chemistry Dep, T.D. Postgraduate College, Jaunpur-222 002, Email: vipinksingh24@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis and characterization of some novel derivatives of 4-hydroxymethylene-2-aryl-2-oxazolin-5-one as potential antibacterial agents. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3349-52.

Derivatives of 4-hydroxymethylene-2-aryl-2-oxazolin-5-one were synthesized by the reaction of 4-(N,N-dimethyl amino methylene)-2-aryl-2-oxazolin-5-ones with sodium ethoxide in ethanol at room temperature. The synthesized compounds were characterised by elemental and spectral analysis. The antibacterial activities of synthesised compounds were screened against S. aureus and E. coli at different concentrations.

3 tables, 12 ref

018485   Singh U P;Thakur A N;Singh S V;Kumar S C (Physics Dep, T.D. Postgraduate College, Jaunpur-222 002) : Electrical transport in terbium-iron-transition metal mixed oxides. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3567-76.

The results of electrical conductivity (σ) and seebeck coefficient (S) measurements on the pressed pellets of TbFeTO₄ (where T = Fe, Cr, Mn and Co) in the temperature range 400-1200 K. It has been found that these compounds are essentially electronic semiconductor with σ values lying in the range 10^-7 to 10^-3Ω^-1 m^-1 around 408 K. The maximum value of σ has been observed for TbFeMnO₄ and lowest for TbFe₂0₄. The log σT vs. T^-1 as well as S vs. T^-1 plots for the studied compounds have three linear regions separated by break temperatures T₁ and T₂ which are same in both the plots. The sign of S indicates that charge carriers are electrons in the studied temperature range. The electrical conduction in first range (T < T₁) is extrinsic and occurs due to donor type centers. In the second (T₁ < T < T₂) and third (T > T₂) ranges, electrical conduction is hopping type and occurs due to hopping of electrons from Fe^{2+ to Fe3+ in TbFe₂O₄, Co2+ to Fe3+ in TbFeCoO₄ and Fe2+ to Cr2+ in TbFeCrO₄. In TbFeMnO₄, electrical conduction occurs due to hopping of electrons from Mn3+ to Mn4+ centers in the temperature range T₁ < T < T₂ and from Fe2+ to Mn3+ centers in the range T > T₂.}

1 illus, 4 tables, 25 ref

018484   Singh R A;Gautam A (Chemical Kinetics Research Laboratory, Chemistry Dep, T.D. Postgraduate College, Jaunpur-222 002, Email: rasinghtdc@rediffmail.com) : Kinetics and mechanism of the Ir(III) catalyzed oxidation of methyl diethylene glycol by Ce(IV) in sulphuric acid medium. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3839-44.

Iridium (III) catalysis in ceric sulphate oxidation of methyl diethylene glycol [MDG] in sulphuric acid medium has been investigated. The reaction is found to be zero-order with respect to cerium (IV) ion and positive effect of hydrogen ion. Zero-order dependence of [Ce(IV)] clearly suggests its involvement in the first step. First-order kinetics with respect to methyl diethylene glycol [MDG] and iridium (III) chloride has been observed. There is insignificant effect of ionic strength potassium sulphate and sodium hydrogen sulphate (NaHSO₄) on the reaction rate indicating interaction in the rate-determining step being an ion-dipole type and not an ion type. Elevation of temperature increases the rate of reaction; various activation parameters have been calculated and recorded. On the basis of the experimental findings a suitable mechanism has been proposed. The reaction product was identified, and the results were also confirmed by statistical regression analysis data.

2 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref

018483   Singh M K;Shinde C P (Chemistry Dep, Government Postgraduate College, Dholpur-328 001, Email: mks6092002@yahoo.com) : Kinetics and mechanism of hydrolysis of mono-2-chloro-5-nitroaniline phosphate via conjugate acid species. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3408-12.

Kinetic study of mono-2-chloro-5-nitroaniline phosphate has been made in acid region (0.1 to 7.0 mol dm^-3) at 60 °C. The log rate profile has a rate maximum at 4.0 mol dm^-3. Ionic strength data upto 3.0 μ requires participation of conjugate acid species and to determine theoretical rates. Theoretical rates, estimated from second empirical term of Debye-Huckel equation, have been found in close agreement with experimental rates. Bimolecular behaviour has been decided by the Arrhenius parameters and by the analysis of molecularity data. The monoesters involves, P-N bond fission which is strength-ened by comparative kinetic data.

1 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

018482   Siddiqui A A;Aftab;Islam M (Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard Univ, New Delhi-110 062) : Synthesis of 4-thiazolidinone derivatives for potential antifungal activity. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 1-6.

The final 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (4a-r) were synthesized from methyl acrylate/methmethyl acrylate and studied in vitro for antifungal activity against A. niger, C. albicans, A.Jlavus, T. rubrum, A.fumigatus and P. citrinium at the concentration of 40,80 and 160 μg/ml. These compounds showed good antifungal activity. Compound 4a with p-chloro substitution at both the phenyl ring showed activity even better than the used standard drug, Voriconazole.

2 tables, 13 ref

018481   Shelke M E (NO, , Hariom Colony, Near Hollywood Colony, Kathora Road, VMV Post, Amravati-444 604, Email: meshelke@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis of 2-(1- substitutedguanidino-3-YL)-4-(3-phenylthiocarbamido- 1-YL)-6-substitutedimino-1,3,5-thiadiazine. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 69-72.

Novel series 2-(l-substitutedguanidino-3-yl)-4-(3-phenylthiocarbamido-l-yl)-6- substitutedimino-l,3,5-thiadiazine [3a(i) to 3f(ii)] have been obtained by basification of their hydrochlorides [2a(i) to 2f(ii)] in presence of ammonium hydroxide solution, which are synthesized by the interaction of 1 -Formamidino-(N-phenyithioamido)-5-phenyl-2-thio-4-iminobiuret (la-f) and N-aryl/ alkylisocyanodichlorides. The latter were prepared initially by the condensation of substitutedisothiocyanate with N phenylformamidinoformarnidinothiocarbamide. The structure of all these compounds were established on the basis of elemental analysis, IR and PMR spectral data.

1 table, 6 ref

018480   Shelke M E (NO, , Hariom Colony, Near Hollywood Colony, Kathora Road, VMV Post, Amravati-444 604) : Synthesis of 1-substituted-2-thio- (1H)-4- (1-substitutedthiocarbamido-3-YL)-6-substitutedamino 1,2-dihydro-s-triazine. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 61-4.

Novel series of 1 -substituted-2-thio-( 1 H)-4-( 1 -substitutedthiocarbamido-3-yl)-6-substitutedamino l,2-dihydro-s-triazines[4a(i) to 4f(iii)] have been obtained by the isomerisation of 2-substitutedamino-4-(l substitutedthioc-arbamido-3-yl)-6-substitutedimino-l,3,5-thiadiazines[ 3a(i)to3f(iii)] in presence of ethanolic sodium bicarbonate solution, which have been obtained by basification of their hydrochlorides [2a(i) to 2f(iii)] which are synthesized by the interaction of l,3-Bis-(N- substitutedthioamido) guanidine (la-f) and N-aryl/ alkylisocyanodichlorides. The latter were prepared initially by the condensation of guanidine carbonate and N-substitutedisothiocvanate. The structure of all these compounds was established on the basis of elemental analysis, 1R and PMR spectral data.

1 table, 9 ref

018479   Sharma S;Sharma D K (Chemistry Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004, Email: sadhanasharma_21@yahoo.co.in) : Electro-organic synthesis of 3,3'-bis(hydroxymethyl) hydrazo benzene. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 49-54.

Electro-organic Synthesis of 3,3'-bis( hydroxymethyi)hydraz:obenzene has been carried out by the electro reduction of m-nitrobenzaldehyde has been studied at copper and amalgamated forms of copper and zinc electrodes under alkaline conditions using galvanostatic techniques. Isolated product was characterized by T.L.C., usual laboratory qualitative tests and IR, NMR spectra! analysis to be 3,3'-bis (hydroxymethyl) hydrazobenzene. Effect of different parameters like current density, temperature, depolarizer concentration and nature of cathode material on yield percentage and current efficiency have been investigated. Number of electrons have also been calculated to confirm the isolated product to be 3,3'-bis(hydroxymethyl) hydrazobenzene.

6 illus, 4 tables, 13 ref

018478   Sharma S;Dhingra P;Sharma S;Pandey R S (Chemistry Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur, Email: pandey-rajshree@uniraj.ernet.in) : Trace metal analysis in ayurvedic drug "amar sundari vati" by D.C. polarography. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 85-8.

D.C. polarographic method has been developed for the qualitative as well as quantitative analysis of ayurvedic drug. "Amar Sundari Vati" which produced well defined polarographic wave in 0.25 M acetate buffer at pH 4.40 ± 0.1 with E_1/2 values -1.35 v, -1,20v (indicating the presence of Fe and Co respectively) and in 0.1 M HC1 with E1/2 value -1.10 volt (indicating the presence of Zn) vs S.C.E. The wave height is found to be proportional to the concentration order Fe>Zn>Co. The results were satisfactory and the developed method is simple, rapid and sensitive and can be applied to the micro determination of the trace metals in various Ayurvedic drugs.

3 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

018477   Sharma S;Dhingra P;Sharma S;Pandey R S (Chemistry Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004, Email: susmitasharma_70@yahoo.com) : Electrode kinetics of Co(II) with penicillin benzyl sodium salt. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 81-4.

Polarographic investigations of Co(II) with penicillin benzyl sodium salt have been carried out in aqueous medium at two temperatures, 25°C and 30°C. The study was conducted at pH 6.00. Cobalt(II) undergoes irreversible 2e~ reduction process with penicillin benzyl sodium salt. The shift in E_1/2 of Co(II) was positive. The kinetic parameters (K°fh, an) were calculated adopting Meites-Israel and Gaur Bhargava's methods. Results obtained, using the two methods, are in good agreement.

2 tables, 10 ref

018476   Sharma R;Capoor A (Ecotoxicology and Environmental Biology Laboratory, Zoology Dep, Agra College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, Email: rajeev_agracollegeagra@yahoo.co.in) : Water quality of lake water of patna bird sanctuary, Etah (U.P.). Bionotes 2009, 11(2), 57.

1 table, 5 ref

018475   Sharma K P;Sharma H K (Chemical Laboratories, Government Model Science College, Gwalior-474 009) : Synthesis and biological activities of some arylazopyrazoles. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 4129-31.

Reaction of different diazonium chlorides with acetylace-tone afford 2,4-diketo-3-(unsubstituted/substituted phenylazo) pentanes (1), which on treatment with 2-(2,5-dichloroanilido) aceto hydrazide (2) in acetic acid medium resulted in the formation of 1-(2,5-dichloro-anilinomalonyl)-3,5-dimethyl-4-(unsubstituted/substitu ted phenylazo) pyrazoles (3). Antibacterial and antifungal activities of 3 were also determined.

1 table, 5 ref

018474   Shanta Kumari A;Prakash K;Nagoji K E V;Rao M E B (Analytical Chem Dep, St Peter's Institute of Pharmac Sci, Hanamkonda, Warangal-506001, Email: pkatakam9@rediffmail.com) : HPLC-UV determination of abacavir sulphate in pharmaceutical dosage forms. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3412-16.

A new reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with UV detection was developed and used for the estimation of abacavir sulphate (ABS)-in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms using RPC-18 column using an isocratic HPLC system. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.05 M potassium diliydrogen phosphate (pH 4.2) in the ratio of 50 : 50 at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The run time was 15 min. Nelfinavir mesylate (NEM) (50 jjg/ mL) was used as an internal standard. The detection was carried out at 220 nm and the linearity was found to be in the range of 0.5-200 jag/ mL. The retention times for drug (ABS) and internal standard (NEM) were 3.558 and 10.725 min, respectively. Recovery studies showed that ca. 99.87% of ABS could be recovered from the preanalyzed samples x indicating high accuracy of proposed method. There was no intra-day and inter-day variation found in the method of analysis. The mean drug content in branded ABS tablet dosage forms was quantified and found to be between 99.64 and 100.05%. The method was found to be simple, precise, specific, sensitive and reproducible.

4 tables, 9 ref