018423   Guler E (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Arts and Science, Selcuk Univ, 42075 Campus, Selcuklu, Konya Turkey, Email: eguler66@gmail.com) : Synthesis and characterization of nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes of the schiff bases derived from 2,4,6-/3,56-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde and glycine. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 4041-6.

The synthesis of Schiff bases derived from 2,4,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-I-carboxaldehyde or 3,5,6-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-l-carboxaldehyde and glycine and their complexes with nickel(II) and copper(Il) were investigated. The synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, conductivity measurements, magnetic properties and FT-IR spectroscopy. The Schiffbase ligands and their complexes have been further characterized by 'H NMR. The results showed that the Schiffbase acts as a bidentate ligand which bonds to the metal ions through the imino nitrogen and carbo-xylate oxygen. The potassium salts of the Schiff bases are 1:1 electrolytes, but all the complexes are non-electrolytes.

2 illus, 3 tables, 15 ref

018422   Goel A;Shakunj (Chem Dep, Kanya Gurukul Mahavidyalaya, Gurukul Kangri Univ, Haridwar-249404) : Kinetic spectrophotometric determination of Ir(III) alkaline medium. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3431-4.

A simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method has been developed for the detemination of trace amount of Ir(III). The method is based on the Ir(III) catalyzed oxidation of gly-cine by hexacyanoferrate (III) in aqueous alkaline medium. Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 1.99 to 39.98 μgcm^-3 of Ir(III). The molar absorptivity and sandell's sensitivity are found 0.50 x 10³ to 1.1 x 10³ 10³ L mol^-1 cm^-1 and 0.384 to 0.174 μg cm^-2, correlation coefficient 0.9873 to 0.9968 and effect of few interfering ions have been worked out for developing the calibration curves in terms of absorbance or initial rates or pseudo first order rate constant vs. Ir(III) plot, λ_max was 420 nm. The results show that the present method is more simple and sensitive than the reported methods and especially useful in absence of the expected interfering ions.

1 table, 5 ref

018421   George A;Thankamma A;Rema Devi V K;Fernandez A (Chem Dep, Government Arts College, Trivandrum-695020, Email: rema_narayan@hotmail.com) : Phytochemical investigation of insulin plant (Costus pictus). Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3427-30.

Insulin plant (Costus pictus) a folk medicine used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus is subjected to physico-chemical analysis. The saponified extract is analyzed using GC-MS for the identification of the chemical constituents. 18 Chemical compounds are identified from the plant leaves.

3 tables, 9 ref

018420   Ganapaty S;Ramalingam P;Baburao C (Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Dep, Siddharth Institute of Pharmacy, Nalanda Educational Campus, Kantepudi, Sattenapalli (M), Guntur-522 438, Email: rammpharm@rediffmail.com) : Antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activity of some quinoxalines 'N' bridgehead heterocycles. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3353-6.

Quinoxalin-2,3-diones (1) on treatment with o-phenylenedi-amine afforded 6,11 -dihydro-5.6,-11,12-tetraazanaphthacene (3). 2.3-DichIoroquinoxaline (2) on condensation with anthra-nilic acid, o-phenylenediamine and sodium azide yielded fc(,y[quinazolino(3,2a)quinoxaline]-1 l,18-diones(4),te[benz-imidazolo(I,2a)quinoxaline] (5) and to-[l,2,3,4-tetrazolo (1.5a)quinoxaline] (6), respectively. The structures have been esablished by IR, mass spectral and elemental analysis. These mpounds have been evaluated for their antibacterial, anti-igal and antitubercular activity.

9 ref

018419   Ebrahimabadi A H;Borazjanian M G;Ebrahimabadi E H (Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman Univ of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 76175-133, Kerman, Iran, Email: aebrahimabadi@kashanu.ac) : Synthesis of novel 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl substituted methylene bridged aryl semicarbazones with potential anticonvulsant activity. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3805-10.

A series of 2-(3-chloro-2-methylphenylamino) N-substituted acetohydrazide derivatives (3a-f) have been synthesized as potential anticonvulsant agents. The 2-(3-chloro-2-methyl-phenylamino)acetamide (1) was obtained from the reaction of 3-chloro-2-methylaniline with 2-chloroacetamide. The treatment of compound 1 with hydrazine hydrate afforded 2-(3-chloro-2-methy!phenylamino)acetohydrazide (2) intermediate. Reaction of compound 2 with appropriate aldehyde or ketone in absolute ethanol led to the synthesis of target compounds 3a-f. The structure of intermediates and final compounds was confirmed by elemental analysis, IR and ¹H NMR spectra.

1 illus, 19 ref

018418   Dib M A;Allali H;Tabti B;Bendiabdellah A; Djabou N (Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Analysis (COSNA), Aboubekr Belkand Univ, BP 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria, Email: h_allali72@yahoo.fr) : New proanthocyanidins from Arbutus unedo L. stems. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3926-34.

Proanthocyanidins extraction using a water/methanol/ acetone mixture of the Arbutus unedo L. was followed by structural study, indicating the presence of (+)-catechin, (+)-afzelechin and of the unknown (3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,7-dihydroxychroman-3-yl 4-hydroxybenzoate.

2 illus, 4 tables, 17 ref

018417   Dhingra P;Sharma S;Pandey R S (Chemistry Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004, Email: pandey-rajshree@uniraj.ernet.in ) : Polarographic study of complexes of Pb(II) with atenolol at D.M.E.. J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 55-60.

[RS),4-{2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropoxy}phenylacetamide] is an antihyperlenshe drug, used primarily in cardiovascular diseases. The simple complexes of this drug with Pb(II) have been studied by direct current polarography at 25°C and 35°C. The reduction of all complexes is found to be reversible and diffusion controlled involving 2e~ in each case. Deford and Hume's treatment suggests that Atenolol forms 1 : 2 complexes (metal to ligand molar ratio) at 25°C and 35°C. Two very stable complexes PbR⁺ and PbR₂ are identified at two temperatures at μ = 1 (1M KNCh). The values of overall formation constant (log β) obtained are 4.8448, 7.8644 at 25°C and 4.6976, 7.6732 at 35°C. The thermodynarnic parameters (AG°, AH°, AS°) have also been reported.

4 tables, 27 ref

018416   Demir I;Akkaya M;Bayrakci M;Ihsan Pekacar A (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science and Arts, Nigde Univ, Nigde, 51100, Turky, Email: ibrahimdemir75@gmail.com) : Synthesis and characterization of Cu(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with schiff bases. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3954-8.

Two new Schiff base have been synthesized by the condensation 1,2-diaminoethane (HL) and 1,4-diamino butane (HL') with isonitroso-p-chloroasetafenon. The complexes of copper(II), cadmium(II) and mercury(II)., with HL and HL' were prepared. The ligands and their metal complexes were characterized by spectrosccpic techniques.

2 illu, 4 tables, 14 ref

018415   Degirmenbasi N;Boz N (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Gazi Univ, 06500 Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey, Email: nebahatd@gazi.edu.tr) : Kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of the oxidation of substituted benzyl alcohols by pyrazinium dichromate. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3866-74.

Pyrazinium dichromate oxidizes benzyl alcohol and substituted benzyl alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes in dimethyl sulfoxide and in the presence of acid. The rate of the reaction is dependent on the concentrations of the substrate, pyrazinium dichromate and acid. The oxidation of α,α-dideuteriobenzyl alcohol exhibits a substantial primary kinetic isotope effect (k_H/k_D = 6.61 at 303 K). Polymerization of acrylonitrile is not induced in this reaction. From the kinetic data, the activation parameters have been calculated. The analysis of the dependence of the kinetic isotope effect on temperature indicated that the reaction involves a symmetrical cyclic chromate ester in the rate-determining step. A suitable mechanism has been proposed.

2 illus, 5 tables, 35 ref

018414   Das B;Srivastava S;Sarvanan J;Mohan S (Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dep, PES College of Pharmacy, Hanumanthanagar, Bangalore-560 050, Email: sa_jals@yahoo.com) : Synthesis and antifungal screening of some novel sulfur containing heterocyclic compounds. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 4118-20.

To a mixture of ketone {N-methyl piperidone), ethylcyano-acetate and sulfur in alcohol was added morpholine dropwise and continue the stirring until sulfur dissolves. After keeping it overnight in refrigerator, 2-amino-3-carbethoxy-6-N-methyl-4.5,6,7 tetrahydropyrido(b)thioph-ene (I) resulted out. The compound I was then reacted with carbon disulphide, NaOH, dimethyl sulphate in dimethyl sulphoxide under cold condition to form compound II. This was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate in isopropanol as a solvent to get the cyclized compound III. Finally, the compound III was reacted with substituted aryl aldehydes to yield a total of nine new Schiff bases. Of the nine Schiff bases screened for antifungal activity the compounds JSB 7 and JSB 8 was found to exhibit good antifungal activity.

1 table, 13 ref

018413   Coban A;Ciftci M;Ozdmir H;Altikat S (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Arts and Science, Ataurk Univ, Erzurum, Turkey, Email: ciftcim@atauni.edu.tr) : Purification and characterization of catalase enzymes from chicken liver and sheep erythrocytes. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3941-53.

Catalase enzyme (H₂O₂: H₂O₂ oxidoreductase; E.G. 1.11.1.6) was purified from chicken liver and sheep erythrocytes, using DEAE-Sephadex A50 ion exchange chromatography and some characteristics of the enzymes were investigated. The purification procedure was composed of 3 steps i.e., homogenate/hemolisate preparation, ammonium sulfate precipitation and DEAE-Sephadex A50 ion exchange chromatography. Chicken liver and sheep erythrocytes enzymes, having the specific activity of 560.46 and 1017.5 EU/mg proteins were purified with a yield of 30.06 and 22.23%; 190.63 and 643.9-fold, respectively. In order to control the purification of enzymes were done, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). SDS-PAGE showed a single band for each enzyme. Optimal pH, stable pH, optimal temperature, KM and V_max values for H₂₂ were also determined for the each enzyme. In addition, molecular weight and subunit molecular weights were found by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration chromatography respectively.

8 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref

018412   Chamsaz M;Arbabzavar M H;Riazi M M (Chemistry Dep, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, Email: chamsaz@ferdowsi.um.ac.ir) : Determination of selenium(IV) by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using single drop extraction in real samples. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3475-82.

In the investigation, two new chemical modifiers for determination of Se(IV) are reported. The first, is coating of Pd in graphite tube and injection of Pd solution on top of sample solution in tube ([Pd_(c) + Pd_(i)]). Second modifier is concurrent coating with each of W, Rh and Pd in graphite tube ([W.Rh.Pd]_(c)). These modifiers showed very low detection limits, higher sensitivity and longer lived than other modifiers previously adapted for selenium. Second modifier is useful for determination of Se(IV) in inorganic compounds. For obtaining higher sensitivity method of single drop extraction for determination of trace amounts of selenium is reported. In this method Se (IV) is reacted with o-phenylenedi-amine. the piasoselenol complex formed was then extracted into micro drop of 1,2 dichloroethane. After extraction, the micro drop was retracted and directly transferred into a graphite tube modified by [Pd_(c) + Pd_(i)]. The detection limit was calculated to be 0.8 ng/mL (absolute value of 0.3 ng) based on 3S_b. The relative standard deviation for five replicate analysis of 10 ng/mL Se was 4.8%. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.8 to 40 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 0.25 ng/mL. Recovery of the method was 96% for tap water spiked with selenium. In order to evaluate the applicability of the method, the amount of Se(IV) in plants, sea water and milk was determined.

5 illus, 4 tables, 14 ref

018411   Burghate M K;Berad B N (Chemistry Dep, Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati-444 603, Email: meghaburghate@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis of 3-phenylimino-4-[2'-(substituted)alkyl/benzylidene amino]phenyl-5-arylimino-1,2,4-dithiazolidines and their antimicrobial activity. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3601-6.

Several 3-phenylimino-4-[2'-(substituted)alkyl/benzylidene amino]phenyl-5-arylimino-1,2,4-dithiazolidines have been synthesized by the interaction of 1-phenyl-3-[2'-(substituted)alkyl/benzylidene amino]phenyl thiocarbamides with N-aryl-S-chloro isothiocarbamoyl chlorides. The present compounds in the form of monohydrochlorides have been isolated. These compounds on basification with aqueous ammonia solution afforded free bases. These compounds were successfully brominated into their dibromo derivatives. The structures of these compounds were confirmed on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria.

2 tables, 8 ref

018410   Bingol D;Akcay M (Chemistry Dep, Kocaeli Univ, Kocaeli, Turkey, Email: denizbingoll@gmail.com) : Determination of trace elements in leach solution by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after pre-concentration on amberlite XAD-4. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 4031-6.

A multi-elements pre-concentration method was proposed for determination of Cu, Ni, Co, Mn. Pb, Zn and Cr from leaching solutions by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). It has been investigated the enrichment performance of the three complexing reagents i.e., [8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ), dithizone (DT) and sodium diethyldi-thiocarbamate (NaDDTC)] on Amberlite XAD-4 resin of the mentioned elements which are at or below the detection limits in FAAS. The aliquots of (5 or 10 g) fly ash were leached with 500 or 1000 mL chelating solutions at optimum pHs (8 for 8-HQ and DT and 4 for NaDDTC) for 15 min under magnetic stirring conditions. Then the leachates were passed through preconcentration column and eluted the elements 15 mL 1.0 M HNO₃ in water: water (1:2) and determined the elements by FAAS. The satisfactory recoveries had been obtained from the multielement pre-concentration studies with dithizone on Amberlite XAD-4. The recoveries Pb, Co and Zn were higher than 90%, while acceptable for other elements (82, 77 and 72% for Cu, Ni and Mn, respectively) except Cr (46%) with acceptable precisions [RSD under 10% (N = 5)].

1 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

018409   Bi K;Wang H L;Huang Z X;Hu N L;Kong L T (Chemistry Dep, Hefei Teachers College, 327, Jinzhai Street Hefei, Anhui 230061, P.R. China, Email: hxx010101@126.com) : Synthesis and crystal structure of a [(Phen)₃Mn]Ni(CN)₄. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3673-6.

A novel complex [(Phen)₃Mn]Ni(CN)₄ where phen is 1,10-phenan-throline, was synthesized and characterized by IR spectra, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray. The crystal is monoclinic, space group P2(1 )/n with unit cell parameters: a = 10.46930 (10) A, b = 20.9570 (3) Angustrum, c = 17.07300 (10) Angustrum, α = 90°, p =96.7380 (10)°, μ = 90°, V = 3720.03 (7) A³, Z = 4, Mr = 812.39, DC = 1.451 Mg/cm³, μ = 0.899 mm¹, F(000) = 1668, T = 293 ± 2 K, R = 0.0763, wR = 0.1741 for 6535 reflections with I > 2σ(I). The crystal structure analysis shows that the manganese(II) is a six-coordinated in a slightly distorted octahedron environment, then complex forms layer structure and packs in 3-D net structure through hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions.

2 illus, 3 tables, 10 ref

018408   Bi J H;Man-Cui;Huang Z X;Kong L T;Wang H L;Hu N L (Chemistry Dep, Hefei Teachers College, 327, Jinzhai Street Hefei, Anhui 230061, P.R. China, Email: hxx010101@126.com) : Hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structure of a new 3D-supramolecular complex: phen₂Zn-2N₃. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3996-4000.

The complex phen₂Zn-2N₃, where phen is 1,10-phenanthroline, has been synthesized and its crystal structure was determined by X-ray diffraction. Crystal data: orthorhombic, space group Fdd2, a = 8.2 05(2) Angustrum, b = 11.052(3) Angustrum, c = 12.508(3) A. a = 82.852(6) deg, (3 = 81.899 (6) deg, γ = 73.086(7) deg, V = 1070.2(5) Angustrum³, Mr = 509.84, F(000) = 618, Z = 2, DC = 1.582Mg/m³ μ = 1.185 mm^-1. The final Rl = 0.0406 and wR2 = 0.0828 for 8261 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). Zinc(II) ion is coordinated by six atoms in a prolonged octahedron geometry. The compound is in 3-dimensional supramolecular state.

3 illus, 4 tables, 10 ref

018407   Bari M R;Sabzi R E (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Urmia Univ, Urmia, Iran, Email: r.remamalisabzi@mail.urmia.ac.ir) : Amperometric determination of dopamine on a glassy carbon electrode chemically modified with obalt pentacyanonitrosylferrate. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3357-63.

A cobalt pentacyanonitrosylferrate modified glassy carbon electrode (GC/CoPCNF) was prepared by electrochemical method. The prepared GC/CoPCNF electrode was showed a reversible peak with formal potential of 0.52 V vs. SCE in 0.25 M KNO₃ with 50 mVs^-1 scans rate. The electrochemical behaviour and stability of the modified electrode were studied by cyclic voltammetry. The experimental results were showed that the GC/CoPCNF electrode is stable within a pH range of 2-8. The modified electrode was exhibited good electrocatalytic activity toward oxidation of dopamine. The effect of pH and applied potential on the electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode investigated. According to the experimental results the best potential for the amperometric determination of dopamine was 0.70 V vs. SCE. The calibration plot was linear from 10 μM up to 110 μM (r = 0.993) with a good response time (10 s). The detection limit of modified electrode as an amperometric sensor is 8 μM.

4 illus, 30 ref

018406   Balachandran S;Sudha Devi R (Chem Dep, P R N S S College, Mattanur-670702, Email: sbcnair@sify.com) : Estimation of sodium benzoate in ayurvedic formulation: Kashaya (water decoction). Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3421-6.

Sodium benzoate, the food grade preservative, is the most commonly used preservative in kashaya-the water decoction of ayurvedic formulation. No standard procedure was known for the estimation of sodium benzoate in kashaya. The titri-metric estimation of benzoic acid using NaOH can be used as a standard method for its estimation. The amount of sodium benzoate observed in the commercial samples of nayopayam kashaya were many fold than that of maximum level allowed for food samples.

2 tables, 18 ref

018405   Ayari F;Srasra E;Trabelsi-Ayadi M (U.R. de Physico-Chimie minerala, Faculte des sciences de Bizerte Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia, Email: fadhilaayari@yahoo.fr) : Removal of lead, zinc and nickel using sodium bentonite activated clay. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3325-39 .

Bentonite collected from Zaghouan (Middle East Tunisia) was reacted with boiling 3M HCl solution at 0.5, 2, 4 and during 6 h. The structural change was studied, cation exchange capacity (CEC) decreased with the increase of the time treatment while specific surface area increase and it's maximum value was attained by the sample treated at 4 h. The chemical and structural characteristics of the purified natural and modified clays were determined. The amount of iron, aluminum and magnesium compounds decreased in the modified clay. Use of purified and modified bentonite clay by HCl (3M) for the removal of some heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Ni) from aqueous solutions has been investigated. They are the most impurities of industrials effluents. The uptake capacity of the modified clay for nickel, zinc and lead did significantly decrease with increase of the time treatment. The sorption process is reflected by Langmuir and Freundlich-type isotherm. The order of the removal capacity is Pb²⁺ > Zr²⁺ > Ni²⁺ for both natural and treated sorbents. Equilibrium modeling of the adsorption showed that the adsorption of these three metals was fitted to a Freundlich isotherm in all cases.

12 illus, 4 tables, 16 ref

018404   Arora K;Sharma K P;Sharma M (Chemistry Dep, Government K.R.G. Pos Graduate (Autonomous) College, Gwalior-474 001, Email: kishorarora@rediffmail.com) : Theoretical semi-empirical studies of electronic structures of schiff bases of cyanoethylatedbenzaldehyde. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3652-6.

Reports theoretical semi-empirical AM1 studies of some Schiff bases of 2-methyl-4-NN-bis-2'-2'- cyano ethylaminobenzaldehyde along with their comparison with their parent compounds. Theoretical studies reveal that it is azomethine group in the Schiff bases under study, that acts as site for coordination to metals as reported by many coordination and bioinorganic chemists.

3 illus, 1 table, 18 ref

018403   Arora K;Agnihotri S (Chemistry Dep, Government (Autonomous) Kamla Raja girls College, Gwalior-474001, Email: kishorarora@rediffmail.com) : Thorium(IV)metal complexes with neutral nitrogen donor ligands-a review. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3307-24.

Presents a discussion of thorium(IV) metal complexes with neutral nitrogen donor ligands including Schiff base ligands.

^iia3 tables, 117 ref

018402   Anjaneyulu Y;Marayya R;Linga Rao D;Krishna Rao P (Quality control and Assurnace, Natco Pharma Ltd, Chemical Division, Road No. 2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500033, Email: mekaguda@natcopharma.co.in) : High performance thin layer chromatographic determination of the related substances in alprazolam drug. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3375-81.

The thin layer chromatographic method described in United State Pharmacopoeia (USP-28) do not quantify in the separation of starting material with thionordiazepam and the substance 2-(2-aceto hydrazinyl)-7-chloro-5-phenyl-3H-1,4 benzodiazapine with alprazolam drug substance. An alternative high performance thin layer chromatographic method is developed for the separation and estimation of the starting material, synthesis related intermediates in alprazolam drug substance. The HPTLC method is capable of detecting the impurities at a level of 0.05% (with respect to test concentration).

1 illus, 5 tables, 4 ref

018401   Amarnath Singh;Ram Janam Singh;Narendra Singh (Synthetic Lab Dep of Chemistry, R.P.G. College, Jamuhai, Jaunpur-222 002) : Preparation of 1,4-bis [5-substituted-S-triazolo-[3,4-b]-1,3,4thiadiazin-6-on-3-yl] butanes (6A-I). J Ultra Chem 2007, 3(1), 77-80.

Acid hydrazide when condensed with carbon disuiphide in ethanolic potassium hydroxide yielded potassium dithiocarbazinate(2). On healing (2) and acid hydrazides yielded compounds (3a-I). the compounds (3a-I) were reacted with chloroacetic acid and yielded compounds (4a-I). the antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds have also been evaluated. The structures of the same compounds were established on the basis of analytical and spectral data.

2 tables, 12 ref

018400   Ali A;Tripathi S K (Chemistry Dep, K.B. Postgraduate College, Mirzapur-231 001, Email: sanjeev14317@rediffmail.com ) : Pentacyclic triterpenoid from Asteracantha longifolia Nees.. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3765-9.

A new pentacyclic triterpenoid 3β-acetoxyurs-18-ene (4) has been isolated from the aerial parts of Asteracantha longifolia Ness., alongwith lupeol (1), 16-hydroxy-26-methyltheptacosan-2-one (2) and stigmasterol (3). Their structure were elucidated by spectral analysis and chemical studies.

1 illus, 12 ref

018399   Alaudeen M;Sushama P G;Mary Dorothy A (Chem Dep, Government College for Women, Trivandrum-695 004, Email: marytsn@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis and spectroscopic investigation of metal chelates of hydrazo pyrazolone derivative. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3407-11.

A new series of Co(III) and Ni(II) complexes of N-(3-methyl-l-thiocarbamoyl-5-oxo-2-pyrazoline-4-ylene)-N'-(2'-hydroxy phenyl)hydrazine were synthesized. Metal chelates were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and electronic spectral data, molar conductance and magnetic moment measurements. In all the metal complexes the ligand acts as monoanionic tridentate. On the basis of physico-chemical studies, Ni(II) complexes have assigned tetrahedral structure while octahedral stereochemistry is assigned to Co(III) chelates.

1 illus, 1 table, 18 ref

018398   Alam M M;Ahmed M N;Kazmi A H (Chemistry Dep, M.G. College, Gaya-823 001) : Kinetics of metal complexes of methylmorpholine. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 4129-31.

Thermodynamic study has been made to know the coordinating ability of thiocyanate and isothicocyanate complexes of Fe²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions with methylmorpholine. Study of thermodynamic parameters suggests that (-SCN) has more coordinating power than (-NCS) complex.

^ssc2 tables, 5 ref

018397   Akyuz T;Akyuz S;Caglar H;Caglar N (Physics Dep, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur Univ, Atakoy Yarleskesi, 34156 Istanbul, Turkey, Email: sakyuz@istanbul.edu.tr) : FT-IR, EDXRF analysis of the Mardin-Mazidag phosphate deposit of Turkey and relations between phosphate, uranium and fluorine. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 4085-91.

EDXRF and FT-IR spectral analyses of the composite sample of Mardin-Mazidag phosphate deposit, in which the main phosphate mineral has been known to be cellophane and dahllite, were reported. Uranium, phosphate and fluorine contents of the 25 individual phosphate samples were analyzed by EDXRF (U and P) and wet chemical methods (F). Quadratic regression model were applied on the U, P and F analyses results, in order to show the interrelation between phosphate, uranium and fluorine contents.

5 illus, 2 tables, 6 ref

018396   Akyuz S;Akyuz T (Physics Dep, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Kultur Univ, Atakoy Yerleskesi, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey, Email: sakyuz@istanbul.edu.tr) : Adsorption and interaction of 2-aminopyridine with loughlinite (Na-sepiolite) from anatolia. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(5), 3767-73.

FT-IR spectroscopy has been used to characterize adsorption and interaction of 2-aminopyridine by loughlinite, which belongs to palygorskite-sepiolite group of phyllosilicates class of clay minerals. The spectroscopic results indicate generation of 2-aminopyridinium cations. Cationic and neutral surface species adsorbed on loughlinite are coordinated to Bronsted acidic sites and surface hydroxyls (by H-bonding interaction through pyridine ring nitrogen lone pairs), respectively. It must be noted that the adsorption of 2-aminopyridine affected the hydroxyl group vibrations of loughlinite.

5 illus, 20 ref

018395   Achal Kiran;Singh R;Yadav R;Sharma Y C;Gupta H (Physics Dep, Meerut College, Meerut) : Vibrational spectra of some heterocyclic compounds. Asian J Spectrosc 2008, 12(4), 171-6.

Deals with the recording of the infrared absorption spectra of benzoxazole-2-thione (BOZT), benzothiazole-2-thione (BTZT) and benzolselenazole-2-thione (BSZT) in the region 4000-200 cm^-1. The recorded absorption bands are analysed in terms of their fundamental vibrational modes and combination and overtones on the basis of the information available in literature.

3 tables, 1 ref

018394   Abirami D;Krishnamoorthy T K (Chemistry Dep, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College, Autonomous, Poondi-613 503, Email: abbi_aroma@yahoo.co.in) : Effectiveness of ceric naphthalene sulfonate on controlled indirect electrooxidation of aromatic side chain at platinum. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3549-53.

The effect of complexation of Ce(IV) as eerie naphthalene sulfonate, on the oxidation of side chain in hydroxy-, amino- and nitro-toluenes at platinum electrode is explored. Partial oxidation due to complexation could be achieved. The products, characterized by IR and PMR, are identified to be aldehydes in acidic range and dinner in the alkaline medium. Mechanisms for these anodic conversions are proposed.

24 ref

018393   Abdullah B H (Chemistry Dep, College of Science, Sulaimani Univ, Sulaimani, Iraq, Email: bha51@yahoo.com) : Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of complexes of N-phenyl-N'-(2-pyrimidyl) thiourea with Pd(II), Pt(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II). Asian J Chem 2007, 19(5), 3903-10.

The synthesis, characterization and biological activities of Pd(II), Pt(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) complexes with N-phenyl-N'-(2-pyrimidyl) thiourea (PPTU). All the synthesized complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared and electronic spectral data, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance. The biological activity of the synthesized complexes were tested against Staphylococcus aures, Escherichia coli and Pseudomo-nas aeruginosa using a well assay method. Dunnett method was used to compare the biological activities of the complexes with the control.

2 illus, 4 tables, 27 ref

017450   Yadav K;Singh A P (Chemistry Dep, Samastipur College, Samastipur-848 134) : Synthesis and characterization of metal complexes of manganese, cobalt and cadmium (II) with schiff base and some neutral ligands. Acta Cienc Indica-Chem 2008, 34(3), 383-5.

Complexes of types ML₂L'₂, where M = Mn^II, Co^II, L = 2-pyridylaldoxime, L^/ = neutral ligand (quinoline, isoquinoline, pyridine and γ-picoline) and MLL'₂, where M = Cd^II, L = 2-pyridylaldoxime and L¹ = neutral ligand, have been isolated. The complexes are non-eiectrolytic and monomeric in nature. The magnetic moment values indicate paramagnetic nature of the complexes of Co^II, Mn^II and diamagnetic nature of Cd^II. Coordination of Schiff base ligand & neutral is revealed by IR spectra, whereas electronic spectral data suggests octahedral geometry for the complexes of Mn^II and Co^II but tetrahedral for Cd^II.

1 table, 9 ref

017449   Wu H;Wan Y;Ye L;Lu L (Key Laboratory of Biotechnology on Medical Plants of Jiangsu Province, , Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, P.R. China, Email: wuhui72@yahoo.com.cn) : One-pot synthesis of triarylpyridines in ionic liquid and their catalyzed ative on a simple diels-alder reaction. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 155-64.

2,4,6-Triarylpyridines were synthesized by the cascade reaction of aromatic aldehyde, acetophenone and NH₄OAc (1:2:5) in the presence of HOAc in ionic liquid [BmIm][BF4]. The method related to environmental friendly, simplicity, very effective and lower costs, is suitable for the synthesis of arrays of compounds. Their catalyzed activity on a simple Diels-Alder reaction was also studied.

1 illus, 2 tables, 33 ref

017448   Vaikunta Rao L (Chemistry Dep, College of Science, GITAM Univ, Visakhapatnam-530 045) : Detection and spectrophotometric determination of iron (III) with p-Anisidine. Acta Cienc Indica-Chem 2008, 34(3), 451-3.

2 illus, 2 ref

017447   Ulutas Z;Yildirim M (Animal Science Dep, Faculty of Agriculture, Gaziosmanpasa Univ, 60240 Tokat, Turkey, Email: zulutas@gop.edu.tr) : Genetic variants of β-lactoglobulin, α_s1-casein and β-casein of milk in east anatolian red cattle breed. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 795-801.

β-Lactoglobulin (β-Lg), α_s1-casein (α_s1-Cn) and β-casein (β-Cn) polymorphisms of East Anatolian Red breed cattle raised in Turkey were studied by applying starch urea gel electrophoresis. In addition, milk yield, fat content and rennet clotting time were determined. Electrophoretic analysis showed that milk samples taken from 34 East Anatolian Red cattle breed had AA, AB and BB genotypes of β-Lg, BB and BC genotypes of α_s1-Cn and AA and AB genotypes of β-Cn. No differences were found for milk yield and fat content related with the genetic variants of β-Lg, α_s1-Cn and β-Cn (p > 0.05). There were significant differences for rennet clotting time of milk related with the genetic variants of β-Lg and β-Cn (p < 0.05) whereas no differences were found with the genetic variants of α_s1-Cn (p > 0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that selection of individual East Anatolian Red cows for AB genotype of β-Lg and AA genotype of β-Cn would be more appropriate, due to the fact that milk from these cows are associated with lower rennet clotting time.

2 tables, 43 ref

017446   Trivedi R;Gurtu A K;Mishra A R;Mishra R M (Chemistry Dep, S.C. College, Ballia, Uttar Pradesh) : Synthesis and characterisation of 2, 3-disubstituted 4-thiazolidinones as possible fungicides. Acta Cienc Indica-Chem 2008, 34(3), 339-43.

2-Aminopyridine-3-Carbaxaldehyde, on condensation with 2-(2-oxopropyl)-isoindoline-1, 3-dione, gave 2-(2-methyl-1, 8-naphthyridin-3-yl)-isoindoline-1, 3-dione, in very good yields. Compounds which undergoes acid hydrolysis to afford 3-amino-2-methyl-1, 8-naphthyridine. Condensation of the compound latter, with various aryl aldehydes led to the formation of N-benzylidene-2-methyl-1, 8-naphthyridine-3-amines. The cyclocondensation of compounds 5 with mercapto acetic acid give 2-aryl-3-(2-methyl-1, 8-naphthyridin-3-yl)-thiazolidin-4-ones, in appreciable yields. The structure of the above new compounds were established by spectral and elemental analytical data. The compounds have been screened for their fungicidal activity against Phytophthora infastance and Aspurgillus niger at 1000 ppm, 100 ppm and 10 ppm conc. Screening results of the tested compounds have been co-related with the structural features of the tested compounds.

3 tables, 12 ref

017445   Trivedi J H;Bhatt T A;Kalia K;Patel N K; Trivedi H C (Chemistry Dep, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar-388 120, Email: drjignesh2575@yahoo.co.in) : Grafting of ethyl methacrylate onto sodium salt of partially carboxymethylated guar gum by tetravalent cerium ion. J Polym Mater 2008, 25(4), 541-55.

Sodium salt of Partially Carboxymethylated Guar Gum (Na-PCMGG, ( DS) = 0.497) was graft copolymerized with Ethyl Methacrylate (EMA) using ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an initiator. In order to optimize the conditions for grafting the amount of the backbone, concentrations of nitric acid, initiator and monomer together with time and temperature were varied. The kinetic scheme of free radical graft copolymerization has been proposed and the equations relating the values of the rates of polymerization, graft copolymerization and homopolymerization are also suggested. The experimental results are found to agree very well with the proposed kinetic scheme. The overall activation energy for grafting has been found to be 85.99 kJ/moL. The evidence of grafting has been ascertained by spectral and scanning electron microscopic methods. The thermal behavior of Guar Gum. Na-PCMGG and its graft copolymer i.e. Na-PCMGG-g-PEMA as well as the homopolymer (PEMA) has also been studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The results are discussed.

18 illus, 4 tables, 27 ref

017444   Tiwari B K;Singh R;Thakur D;Sharma G;Chand S; Saxena A (Chemistry Dep, Agra College, Agra-282 002) : Kinetic and mechanistic studies of hydrolysis of 2-ethyl-6-methylaniline phosphate tri-ester in acidic medium. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 47-56.

Kinetic investigation of the hydrolysis of 2-ethyl-6-methylaniline phosphate tri-ester has been carried out in 0.1 to 6.0 mol dm^-3 HC1 and pH 1.24 to 7.46 at 97 ± 0.5 °C in 30 % (v/v) aqueous dioxane mixture. Concentration of tri-ester in all kinetic runs was 5.0 x 10^-4 mol dm^-3. The rate of hydrolysis was determined by measuring the rate of appearance of inorganic phosphate by Allen's modified colorimetric method. Pseudo first order rate coefficient have been calculated. Conjugate acid, neutral and mononegative species have been found to be reactive and contribute in over all rate. The rate coefficients estimated fairly in good agreement with the observed rates. Bond fission, molecularity and order of reaction have been suported by Arrhenius parameters, Zucker-Hammett hypothesis, concentration, solvent effect, etc. Comparative isokinetic rate data of similarly substituted other amino phosphate tri-ester, supported P-N bond fission.

4 illus, 9 tables, 18 ref

017443   Thirupathaiah A;Venkateshwar Rao G (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009, Email: thiru_yv@yahoo.com ) : Indium triflate catalyzed michael addition of amines to α,β-unsaturated esters and nitriles: synthesis of β-amino esters and nitriles. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 375-8.

Amine undergoes Michael addition with α,β-unsaturated esters and nitriles to form β-amino esters and nitriles in excellent yields under mild conditions.

1 table, 16 ref

017442   Thi N D T;Anh T H;Thach L N (Faculty of Chemical Technology, Cantho Univ, 3/2 Street, Ninhkieu Dist., Cantho City, Vietnam, Email: lenthach@hcm.vnn.vn) : Essential oil composition of Eryngium foetidum L. in south Vietnam extracted by hydrodistillation under conventional heating and microwave irradiation. J essential Oil Bearing Pl 2008, 11(2), 154-61.

Essential oils of Eryngium foetidum L. (Apiaceae) in the South Vietnam isolated by hydrodistillation under conventional heating or microwave irradiation showed somewhat similar in chemical compositions. The microwave method gave a higher extraction yield in a much shorter time frame than the conventional heating protocol. Noticeably, the oil obtained from the microwave method showed a stronger antimicrobial activity than the other. Among all parts of the plant, inflorescence contained the highest oil content, and three-month old plant material was found richest in oil content as well. Physical, chemical and antibacterial properties of the oil products isolated from both methods were also mentioned.

4 illus, 4 tables, 15 ref

017441   Tharini K;Jani Bai T S;Lakshmi M (School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Sastra Deemed Univ, Thanjavur-613 412, Email: tharini71@yahoo.co.in) : Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of piperidin-4-one semicarbazones by pyridinium fluorochromate. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 263-8.

The kinetics of oxidation of 2,6-diphenyl-piperidin-4-one semicarbazone (PPS) and some 3-alkyl substituted 2,6-diphe-nyl-piperidin-4-one semicarbazones (X = -H, -Me, -Et, -iPr, -3,3-diMe) by pyridinium fluorochromate have been studied in aqueous acetic acid medium. The reactions are catalyzed by acid. The acid catalyzed reactions being very fast, precluded determination of their order in acid medium. The effect of added sodium sulphate and the influence of dielectric strength together indicate the reaction to be an ion-diploe type. The stoichiometry is 1:1 and the product of oxidation is the corresponding ketone. Activation energies and related thermody-namic parameters have been calculated. A suitable mechanism and hence a corresponding rate equation has been derived. An attempt has also been made to rationalize the structure reactivity correlation.

1 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

017440   Tharini K;Jani Bai T S;Lakshmi M (School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Sastra Deemed Univ, Thanjavur-613 412, Email: tharini71@yahoo.co.in) : Oxidative deoximation of 3-alkyl substituted 2,6-diphenyl piperidin-4-one oximes by pyridinium fluorochromate: a kinetic study. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 257-62.

The oxidation of oximes of 2,6-diphenyl piperidin-4-one and various alkyl substituted 2,6-diphenyl piperidin-4-one by pyridinium fluorochromate (PFC) has been studied. The reaction follows first order each in [PFC] and [oxime]. The reactivity sequence observed is 3-H > 3-Me > 3-Et > 3,3-dime > 3-ipr which has been rationalized on the basis of steric crowding by the substituents.

1 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

017439   Thakur B G;Thakur A K;Jha A K (C.M. Science College, L.N. Mithila Univ, Darbhanga, Bihar) : Synthesis, spectral, magnetic and mossabauer studies of oxo vanadium(IV) complexes with various derivatives of isonicotinic acid hydrazide. Acta Cienc Indica-Chem 2008, 34(3), 387-9.

A number of VO(IV) complexes with new hydrazones of Isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) have been synthesized having general formula [VOL₂, 2H₂O] where L = bidentate ligands such as Isonicotinamido o-chioro benzaladimine (INHCBZ), L¹, o-bromo benzaladimine (INHBBZ), L^II and Iso nicotinamido 4-amino benzaladimine (INH_{_}4ABZ), L^III. Complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility, electronic, infra-red and mossabauer spectral measurements. These reveal its octahedral stereochemistry.

1 table, 14 ref

017438   Tekade P V;Patil K N;Bodkhe P S;Hande D V (Chemistry Dep, J.B. College of Science, Wardha-442 001) : Antifungal screening of 4-aroyl substituted pyrazolines. Acta Cienc Indica-Chem 2008, 34(3), 537-41.

1-substituted-3, 5-diaryl-4-aroyl-Δ²-pyrazolines were synthesised and characterized by chemical and spectral determination. These compounds were evaluated for antifungal activity by agar plate disc diffusion method. The results indicated that some of the synthesised compounds exhibited mild antifungal activity.

2 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

017437   Tavakol H (Chemistry Dep, Science Faculty, Zabol Univ, Zabol, Iran, Email: h_tavakol@uoz.ac.ir) : Regioselective α and β-addition to alkyl propiolates: experimental and theoretical study. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 93-100.

Two different regioselectivity in reaction of nucleophiles with alkyl propiolates were reported. In experiments, the reaction of NH and OH containing acids with alkyl propiolates in presence of triphenyl phosphine were studied. After determining final structure of products, it was shown that the NH acids added to the α-position and OH acids added to the β-position of alkyl propiolates. These experimentals results have been confirmed by theoretical study using ab initio and denisty functional methods.

2 tables, 26 ref

017436   Tangri A;Shukla A (Chemistry Dep, Brahmanand College, Kanpur-208 004, Email: anoopt1234@hotmail.com) : Hydrolysis of mono 2,5-diethoxy aniline phosphate in buffer medium: a kinetic study. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 227-30.

The kinetics of the hydrolysis of mono 2,5-diethoxy aniline phosphate was studied in acidic and buffer media. Hydrolysis was carried out in buffer media of pH ranging from 1.24-7.46. In both acidic and buffer media, hydrolysis was carried out at three different temperatures keeping other parameters unchanged. The values of Arhenius parameters, energy of activation and change of entropy reflects the bimole-cular nature of hydrolysis.

1 illus, 3 tables, 17 ref

017435   Syed Tajudeen S;Radha E (Chemistry Dep, C. Abdul Hakeem College of Engineering and Technology, Melvisharam-632 509, Email: tajusyed@rediff.com) : Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of transition metal complexes of schiff base derivatives from isonicotinic acid hydrazide. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 313-16.

The transition metal complexes of hydrazones of isonico-tinic acid hydrazide, viz., 1NH-AN of the type M-3 (1NH-AN) (M = Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) have been synthesized and characterized by infrared and magnetic susceptibility measurements and probable structures assigned.

3 tables, 22 ref

017434   Syed Tajudeen S;Manjunathan;Dastageer M S (Chemistry Dep, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam-632 509, Email: tajusyed@rediff.com) : Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of transition metal complexes of hydrozone of isonicotinic acid hydrazide. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(1), 317-20.

The transition metal complexes of hydrazone of isonicotinic acid hydrizide, viz., 1NH-AP of the type M-3(1NH-AP) (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn) have been synthesized and characterized by infrared and magnetic susceptibility measurements and probable structures assigned to them.

3 tables, 15 ref

017433   Swami M B;Pachling S P;Akuskar S K (NO, B.S. College, Basmath, Dist. Hingoli-431 512) : Potentiometric study of mixed ligand complexes of propiophenone derivatives with Cu (II) and amino acids. Acta Cienc Indica-Chem 2008, 34(3), 519-23.

The proton-ligand & metal-ligand stability constant of binary and ternary systems of Cu(ll) with propiophenone derivatives and amino acids have been studied potentiometrically by lrving-Rossotti technique in 60% (v/v) Ethanol-water medium at 25°C ± 0.1 °C and at constant 0.1 M Ionic strength. The difference between the stability of ternary and their corresponding binary complexes has been expressed interms of parameter Δ log k and negative Δ log k values suggest that the formation of ternary complexes are favorable and variation of A log K have been explained interms metal-ligand( pi) interaction, size of chelating ring and steric factors.

2 illus, 2 tables, 13 ref

017432   Subramaniam G;Malarvizhi M;Ramanathan R (Chemistry Dep, V.S.S. Government Arts College, Pulankuruchi, Sivagangai-Distt.-630 413) : Synthesis and characterisation of manganese(II) complex with 3-carboxy-4 quinolinol. Acta Cienc Indica-Chem 2008, 34(3), 559-64.

Bis (pyridine) (3-carboxylate-4-quinolinato) diaqua manganese(II) complex was synthesized and its IR spectrum was studied. The IR spectra of the ligand 3-carboxy-4-quinolinol was compared with the IR spectra of the metal complex, for the confirmation of the formation of the metal complex as well as to elucidate the structure of the complex.

3 illus, 1 table, 18 ref