016194   Akitsu T;Einaga Y (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio Univ, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan, Email: akitsu@chem.keio.ac.jp) : First ac magnetization measurement of photoinduced magnetic cyanide-bridged 3d-4f heterobimetallic assemblies Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₃Fe(CN)₆H₂O (Ln = Nd; Ho and Er as control; DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide). Asian Chem Lett 2006, 10(3-4), 121-7.

Photoinduced effects have been investigated by means of ac magnetization at 111, 199, 355, 633, and 1116 Hz in the range of 2.5 or 3.0-10.0 K. for cyanide-bridged 3d-4f heterobimetallic assemblies Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₃Fe(CN)₆-H₂O (Ln = Nd (1), Ho (2), and Er (3); DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide) for the first time. It was reported that 1 was 3d-4f antiferromagnetic molecule-based magnets exhibiting novel photoinduced changes of magnetization, while ferromagnetic 2 and interaction negligible 3 did not respond to light. Inspite of differences of dc magnetic measurements, all 1-3 did not show frequency dependence of ac magnetization. Moreover, irradiation of UV light for even 1 resulted in little change of ac magnetization. The evidence strongly suggested that the novel phenomenon of 1 was ascribed not to photoinduced electron transfer accompanying with spin state changes but to structurally-driven perturbation of superexchange interaction through the cyanide-bridges. The results were consistent with previous studies by means of XRD, IR and Moessbauer spectroscopy. Also reported new crystal structure of 2. It crystallizes in the monoclinic P2₁/n space group with the following unit cell parameters: a = 24.89(4), b = 8.887(8), c = 13.966(6) Angustrum, β = 96.34(7)°, V= 3096(6) Angustrum³, and Z = 4 with Ho-N = 2.429(1) Angustrum and Ho-N-C = 163.4(1)°.

5 illus, 1 table, 28 ref

016193   Akitsu T;Einaga Y (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio Univ, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan, Email: akitsu@chem.keio.ac.jp) : Crustal structures, magnetic properties, and XPS of one-dimensional cyanide-bridged 3d-4f complexes Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₂Mn(CN)₆H₂O )Ln = Ce, Nd, Sm, and Gd; DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide). Asian Chem Lett 2006, 10(3-4), 113-20.

Syntheses, crystal structures, and XPS and electronic spectroscopic and magnetic properties of four new cyanide-bridged 3d-4f heterobimetallic assemblies, Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₂Mn(CN)₆-H₂O (Ln = Ce (1), Nd (2), Sm (3), and Gd (4); DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide) are presented. The isostructural complexes 2-4 of P2₁/a afford cyanide-bridged one-dimensional zigzag structures and show gradually structural change due to lanthanide contraction with Ln-N(intramolecular bridging cyanide) bond distances of 2.567(6), 2.539(4), and 2.479(13) Angustrum and Ln-N-C(intramolecular bridging cyanide) bond angles of 161.6(5), 161.4(3), and 165.5(10)° for 2,3, and 4, respectively. The dc magnetic measurements in the range of 2-300 K under 5000 Oe revealed that only 1 exhibited ferromagnetic, whereas 2-4 exhibited antiferromagnetic interactions. The diffuse reflectance electronic spectra showed several sharp f-f peaks in the visible region only for 2, while characteristic charge transfer bands of cyanide ligands in the UV region for 1-4. On the other hand, characteristic features for mixed-valence states could not be detected in the XPS spectra of 4d_3/2 peak for Ce(III), Nd(IlI), Sm(III), and Gd(lII) ions and 2p_3/2 and 2p_1/2 peaks for Mn(III) ion. In this way, tuning structural and electronic features are discussed from the view point of systematic substitution of Ln(III) ions.

5 illus, 1 table, 55 ref

016192   Akitsu T;Einaga Y (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio Univ, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan, Email: akitsu@chem.keio.ac.jp) : Chiral co-crystal containing trinuclear cyano-bridged Mn(III)-Cr(III)-Mn(III) and mononuclear Mn(III) complexes. Asian Chem Lett 2006, 10(3-4), 103-12.

Prepares a chiral co-crystal containing a trinuclearcyano-bridged Mn(III)-Cr(III)-Mn(III) complex and two different mononuclear Mn(III) complexes. Reports crystal structure, electronic and CD spectra, and magnetic properties. It crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group with the following unit cell parameters: a = 11.542(5), b = 20.768(9), c = 15.645(6) Angustrum, α = 136.71 (4), β = 77.64(5), γ 88.36(4)°, V = 2414(3) Angustrum³, Z = 1. Apparent elongation of axial coordination bonds was observed for all Mn(III) sites, both mononuclear and cyano-bridged ones. The degrees of tetragonal distortion, T = Mn-X_in-plane / Mn-X_axial are 0.838 and 0.813 for trinuclear Mn sites and 0.821 and 0.867 for mononuclear Mn sites. The structural features support that the ground state of Mn(III) ions is ⁵B_1g. In the solid state, diffuse reflectance electronic spectrum showed a broad peak over visible and UV region, while CD spectrum exhibited Cotton effect as negative peaks at 19700 and 24100 cm^-1 and a positive peak at 27700 cm^-1. The field dependence of magnetization at 2 K did not suggest ferromagnetism even in the Mn(III)-Cr(III)-Mn(III) moieties containing Cr(III) ion of ⁴A_2g ground state.

8 illus, 1 table, 42 ref

016191   Akitsu T;Einaga Y (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio Univ, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan, Email: akitsu@chem.keio.ac.jp) : Structures and electronic properties of one-dimensional cyano-bridged Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₂Cr(CN)₆H₂O complexes (Ln = Tb, Dy, Ho, and Er; DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide). Asian Chem Lett 2006, 10(3-4), 95-102.

Syntheses, crystal structures, XPS and electronic spectroscopy, and magnetic properties of new cyano-bridged 3d-4f heterobimetallic assemblies, Ln(DMF)₄(H₂O)₂Cr(CN)₆H₂O (Ln = Tb (1), Dy (2), Ho (3), and Er (4); DMF = N,N'-dimethylformamide), are investigated systematically to elucidate effects of metal-substitution employing middle Ln^III ions. Their crystal structures are isostructural with the Ln-N-C bridging angles of 163.3(6) and 163.9(4)° and the Lnⁱ-N-C bridging angles of 160.1 (6) and 160.5(4)° for 1 and 4, in P2₁/a [symmetry code: (i) 3/2-x, 1/2 + y. 1-z], while the Ln-N-C bridging angle of 160.3(4)° and the Ln^II-N-C bridging angle of 163.4(4)° for 2 in P2₁/c [symmetry code: (ii) 1-x, 3/2+y, 1/2-z]. Powder XRD patterns exhibited predominant peaks at 29 = 10° (2 0 -2) and 20° (3 2 3), and intensity of Tb and Dy complexes were different from those of Ho and Er ones. According to the χ_MT vs T plots in the range of 2-300 K, all the complexes exhibited antiferromagnetic interactions through the cyano-bridges. However, dependence of spin numbers resulting from Ln^III metal-substitution could be observed clearly. Electronic spectra showed strong and broad charge transfer bands of [Cr(CN)₆]^3- moieties in UV region. XPS showed characteristic peaks such as Tb 4d_3/2 at 145.8 eV with a shoulder at 150.8 eV, Dy 4d_3/2 at 161.0 eV with a shoulder at 157.8 eV, Ho 4d_3/2 at 166.8 eV, and Er 4d_3/2 at 173.0 eV. Inner-shell electronic states of Cr^III ions are not sensitive to cyano-bridged Ln^III metals.

7 illus, 31 ref

016190   Ajaily M M El;Saied F M El (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Garyounis Univ, Benghazi, Libya, Email: melagaily@yahoo.com) : Synthesis and characerization of urea schiff base chelates of C(III), Cr(VI), TiO(IV) and pb(II). Asian J Chem 2007, 19(6), 4433-7.

New four Schiff base complexes derived from salicylal-dehyde and urea have been prepared and characterized. The elemental analysis data show the formation of 1:1 [M:L] chelates. The molar conductance values of the prepared chelates reveal a non-electrolytic nature. The magnetic moment values exhibit the existence of three unpaired electrons in the Cr(III) chelate and diamagnetic phenomena for the other chelates. The infrared spectral data display the coordination sites of bonding of the Schiff base towards the metal ions under investigation. The electronic spectral data of the Schiff base and its chelates show π→π* (phenyl ring), n→π* (HC=N) and the expected geometrical structures. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectral data satisfy the presence of a paramagnetic phenomena and support the expected geometrical structure of Cr(III) chelate.

2 tables, 18 ref

016189   Ahmed Z;Gopinath B;Shetty A S K;Sridhar B K (Pharmaceutical Analysis Dep, National College of Pharmacy, Shimoga-577 201, Email: zaheer_ahmed@rocketmail.com) : Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for the determination of adefovir dipivoxil in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulation. E J Chem 2009, 6(2), 469-74.

A rapid and sensitive RP-HPLC method with UV detection (262 nm) for routine analysis of adefovir dipivoxil in bulk and in pharmaceutical formulation was developed. Chromatography was performed with mobile phase containing a mixture of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (50:50, v/v) with flow rate 1.0 mL min^-1. In the range of 5.0-100 μg/mL, the linearity of adefovir dipivoxil shows a correlation co-efficient of 0.9999. The proposed method was validated by determining sensitivity accuracy, precision, robustness stability, specificity, selectivity and system suitability parameters.

2 illus, 4 tables, 10 ref

016188   Abunadaa N M;El-Louh A K K;Al-Zaeem I S (Faculty of Applied Sciences, Chemistry Dep, Al-Aqsa Univ Gaza, P O Box 4051, Palestine via Israel, Email: nadanadannrs@yahoo.com) : Synthesis and characterization of thioxopyridine pyrazolopyridine and pyridopyrazolotriazine derivatives. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(6), 4575-85.

Derivatives of arylidene cyanothioacetamide (4a,b) reacted with ethyl acetoacetate to give the thioxopyridine derivatives (6a,b). Compounds (6a,b) reacted with methyl iodide to yield methylthiopyridine derivatives (7a,b). Hydrazine hydrate reacted with either (6a,b) or (7a,b) to give aminopyrazolopyridine derivatives (8a,b). The diazonium salts of (8a,b) reacted with several active methylene compounds (1, 10a-h) to afford the pyridopyrazolotriazine derivatives (11-19a,b), respectively.

1 table, 15 ref

016187   Abd El-Razek M H (Chemistry Dep, National Taiwan Univ, Taipei 106, Taiwan, Republic of China, Email: abdelrazek3@yahoo.com) : NMR assignments of four catechin epimers. Asian J Chem 2007, 19(6), 4867-72.

Complete NMR assignments of four flavan-3-ols were isolated from green and black tea [(+)-catechin (1), (-)-catechin (2), (+)-epi-catechin (3) and (-)-epi-catechin (4)] in acetone-d₆ solvent have been achieved using ¹D and ²D NMR spectroscopy.

1 illus, 1 table, 31 ref

015197   Zrira S;Elamrani A;Pellerin P;Bessiere J M; Menut C;Benjilali B (Sciences Alimentaires et Nutritionnelles Dep, Institut Agronomique et Veterinaire Hassan II, B.P. 6202, Rabat-Instituts, Morocco, Email: zrira_saadia@yahoo.fr) : Isolation of moroccan Ammi visnaga oil: comparison between hydrodistillation, steam distillation and supercritical fluid extraction. J essential Oil Bearing Pl 2008, 11(1), 30-5.

Air-dried aerial ambles of Ammi visnaga were collected from Souk larbaa region situated in north of Morocco. The plant samples were subjected to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and to Supercritical Fluid Extraction using CO₂. The oils obtained were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The variations in chemical composition are important between the two techniques of extraction. A total of 37 constituents were identified. Using supercritical fluid, the main components were geranyl linalool (22.7%), visnagin (6.1 %) and khellin (6.1 %). In addition, fourteen constituents were found in the supercritical fluid extract and have not been identified in the oil obtained using hydrodistillation.

1 table, 19 ref

015196   Zardi-Bergaoui A;Ben Jannet H;Harzallah Skhiri F;Chaeb I;Hammami S;Mighri Z (Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et de Synthese Organiq, , 5000 Monastir, Tunisie, Email: Zine_mighri2002@yahoo.fr) : Chemical composition, toxicity and antifeedant activities of the tunisian Echiochilon fruticosum Desf. aerial part volatile fractions against Tribolium confusum du Val. J essential Oil Bearing Pl 2008, 11(1), 112-19.

Three volatile fractions (E₁, E₂, and E₃) derived from the volatile extract of the aerial portion of Echiochilon fruticosum Desf. growing in Tunisia were analysed by GC and GC-MS. Fourty-nine different volatile compounds belonging to various families were identified in the previously indicated fractions. The main compounds were octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid (29.52,32.24 %; in E₂ and E₃ respectively), carvacrol (17.52 %; in E₁), β-cayophyllene (12.57 %; in E₂) and abietatriene (17.82 %; in E₁) Growth inhibition, antifeedant and toxicity effects of the crude volatile extract and its three fractions were examined against adults and larvae of Tribolium confusum du Val. The crude volatile extract and all fractions show significant inhibition of larval growth and antifeedant activity against adults of Tribolium confusum. However, fraction E₁ seemed to be attractive to the larvae. The mortality of larvae kept on E₁ volatile extract fraction reached 100% by the 12th day of treatment.

1 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

015195   Vasudeva N;Rathi P;Sharma S K (Pharmacognosy Div, Pharmaceutical Sciences Dep, Guru Jambheshwar Univ of Science and Technology, Hisar-125 001) : A new biflavone from Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) pers.. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 101-2.

A new biflavone has been isolated from the chloroform: ethyl acetate (95:5) fraction of the roots of Tephrosia purpurea (Linn.) Pers. and the structure has been established as 4'-a-methoxy-flavonyl (7a-b) flavone (1) on the basis of spectral data analysis.

7 ref

015194   Vaghasia S J;Dodiya D K;Shah V H (Chemistry Dep, Saurashtra Univ, Rajkot-360 005) : Synthesis and biological screening of some novel pyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidines. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 9-12.

Synthesis different 3-methyl-4-aryl-6-substituted-4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidines was efficiently accomplished by the reaction of 3-methyl-4-aryl-4,5-dihydro-1 H-pyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidine-6-thiol (1a-f) with different reagents viz. dimethyl sulphate, hydrogen peroxide, hydrazine hydrate. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analyses, IR, ¹H NMR and mass spectroscopic data. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial and antitubercular activity.

1 table, 2 ref

015193   Trivedi A R;Dubal G G;Ravat N R;Shah V H (Chemical Research Laboratory, Chemistry Dep, Saurashtra Univ, Rajkot-360 005) : Facile synthesis of pyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidines. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 385-6.

A new series of the pyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidines (Ia-h) were prepared by one pot reaction of 5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbaldehyde, 1-(aryl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-(4H)-one and thiourea. Compounds (la-h) were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Some of the compounds showed interesting antimicrobial activity as compared to the standard drugs.

1 table, 10 ref

015192   Tiwari B;Sharma N K;Shail Bala (Chemistry Dep, Inderprastha Engineering College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Spectroscopic investigation on some macrocyclic complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II). Bull pure appl Sci-Sect C 2008, 27(2), 143-51.

Transition metal complexes of Cu (II), Ni (II) and Co (II) with the free macrocyclic ligands have been synthesized. These macrocyclic complexes were characterized on the basis of spectroscopic investigation using Infrared spectra, Electronic spectra and NMR spectra. Additional evidence for the structure of the macrocylic complexes have been collected from esr spctra while conclusive evidence has been obtained from X-ray crystallography.

3 illus, 3 tables, 24 ref

015191   Tiwari B;Kumar N;Nainwal D (Chemistry Dep, Inderprastha Engg. College, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Synthesis and characterization of naphthalene chloro benzene conjugated polymers. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect C 2008, 27(2), 95-106.

Naphthalene Chloro benzene conjugated Polymers has been synthesized. The polymer has been characterized by various techniques viz UV-VIS absorption spectra, Thermo Gravimetric analysis (TGA), photoluminescence (PL) spectra, FTIR spectra, Electro luminescent (EL) and scanning by electron microscope studies. On the basis of electron microscopic scanning, it is concluded to have spherical structure.

7 illus, 6 ref

015190   Tiwari A;Padalia R C;Mathela C S (Chemistry Dep, Kumaun Univ, Nainital-263 002, Email: mathelacs@rediffmail.com) : Sesquiterpene rich essential oil from Plectranthus rugosus Wall.. J essential Oil Bearing Pl 2008, 11(1), 58-61.

Essential oil obtained by steam distillation from the leaves of Plectranthus rugosus Wall. syn. Rabdosia rugosa Wall., was analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The GC and GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 30 constituents, of which twenty-five constituents were identified, constituting 87.9% of the total oil. The major constituents being sesquiterpene hydrocarbons viz. β-caryophyllene (38.4%) and germacrene D (23.8%) besides spathulenol (3.2%) and α-cadinol (2.2%). p-Cymene (3.6%), γ-terpinene (2.8%) and limonene (2.7%) were among the monoterpenes hydrocarbons present in significant quantity.

1 table, 13 ref

015189   Tirlapur V K;Veershetty C H;Udupi R H; Rejandra Prasad Y (Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dep, NET Pharmacy College, Mantralayam Road, Raichur-584 103) : Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new benzodiazepines and benzothiazepines. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 351-4.

The Claisen-Schmidt condensation of p-methoxy acetophenone 1 with aromatic aldehydes in ethanol in presence of strong alkali gave 1-(4-methoxy phenyl)-3-phenyl prop-en-1 ones (2a-d). Reactions of (2a-d) with orthophenylinediamine and orthoaminothiophenol in abs alcohol gave 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3 dihydro-1H-1,5 benzodiazepines (3a-d) and 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-phenyl-2,3 dihydro-1 H-1.5 benzothiazepines (4a-d). All newly synthesized compounds were characterized by using IR, ¹H NMR and mass spectral studies and these compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities.

1 table, 11 ref

015188   Tirlapur V K;Imadudain Q;Udupi R H;Rajendra Prasad Y (Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dep, Post Graduate Centre, Karnataka College of Pharmacy, Manahalli Road, Bidar-585 403) : Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of new triazoles. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 65-8.

1,3-Diphenyl-2-propene-1-ones (3a-g) were synthesized from acetophenone and substituted aromatic aldehydes in ethanol in presence of strong alkali. The reaction of chalcones (3a-g) with ethyl acetoacetate in dry acetone gave ethyl-2-oxo-4,6-diphenylcyclohex-3-ene-l-carboxylates (4a-g). Compounds (4a-g) on hydrolysis with sodium hydroxide afforded 2-oxo-4,6-diphenyl cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acids (5a-g). The reaction of diphenyl cyclohexene carboxylic acids with thiocarbohydrazide by fusion method yielded 5-[3-(4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) phenyl]-3-phenylcyclohex-2-en-1 -one (6a-g). All newly synthesized compounds were characterized by using IR, ¹H NMR and mass spectral data. These compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities.

1 table, 8 ref

015187   Thakre W;Meshram J (Chemistry Dep, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj, Nagpur Univ, Nagpur-440 033) : Microwave assisted solvent free synthesis of 3,5-dimethyl-4-aryl-8-(4'-phenyl azo benzene)-1,7-N-[H,H'/diphenyl-(1H,4H,7H,8H)]-dipyrazolo-pyridines. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 17-20.

New series of 3,5-dimethyl-4-aryl-8-(4'-phenylazobenzene)-1,7-N-[H,H'/diphenyl-(1H, 4H, 7H, 8H)]-dipyrazolo-pyridines (4a-p) have been synthesized by reaction of 2-pyrazoline-5-ones I-II with 4-amino azo benzene 2 and aromatic aldehydes (3a-p) by conventional and microwave method. Neat reactants on microwave irradiation (MWI) under solvent-free-condition resulted in enhancement of yields and reaction rates. Structures of the titled compounds have been elucidated on the basis of elemental analysis and spectral data.

1 table, 3 ref

015186   Sultana S;Ali M;Ansari S H;Bagri P (Phytochemistry Research Laboratory, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry,, Hamdard Univ, New Delhi-110 062, Email: mali_chem@yahoo.co.in) : Effect of physical factors on chemical composition of the essential oil of Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. leaves. J essential Oil Bearing Pl 2008, 11(1), 69-74.

Essential oil of the fresh leaves of Eucalyptus citriodora of Delhi region was composed predominantly of 1,8-cineole (45.2%), camphene (30%), α-pinene, linalyl acetate and ledol. When the oil was heated at 110°C for 24 hours, camphene (31.1%), 1,4-Cineole (37.8%), α-pinene (12.4%), veridifloral and 1 -terpinene-4-yl acetate were the prominent constituents. Exposure of the oil to the sunlight for 48 hours and UV light for 24 showed percentage variation slightly. Silica gel treat sample exhibited little variation in the chemical composition. Treatment of the oil with alumina neutral decreased the concentration of 1,8-cineole to 0.3% and occurrence of camphene and 1,4-cineole in 36.5 and 39.9 % yields, respectively.

21 ref

015185   Soni A;Anil Kumar;Chauhan U K (Plants Genomics's Lab. Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Div, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226 001) : Biosynthesis and biological activities of macrocyclic Bis (bibenzyls) Marchantin. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 389-96.

Bryophytes constitute an important reserve of secondary metabolites that have been shown to display a wide range of biological activities. Describes the chemical structure, biosynthesis and medical properties of one of the most important naturally occurring bis (bibenzyls), called marchantin and its derivatives isolated from liverwort. An effort has been made to cover most of the physiologically as well as medicinally significant compounds and its derivatives.

^iia1 illus, 26 ref

015184   Sinha D K;Rastogi G K;Kumar R;Kumar N (Chemistry Dep, K.G.K. (P.G) College, Moradabad-244 001, Email: dkskgk@rediffmail.com) : Correlation study among water quality parameters: an approach to water quality management. J envir Sci Engng 2009, 51(2), 111-14.

Finds out an approach to water quality management through correlation studies between various water quality parameters, the statistical regression analysis for six data points of underground drinking water of different hand pumps at J. P. Nagar was carried out. The comparison of estimated values with W.H.O drinking water standards revealed that water of the study area is polluted with reference to a number of physico-chemical parameters studied. Regression analysis suggests that conductivity of underground water is found to be significantly correlated with eight out of twelve water quality parameters studied. It may be suggested that the underground drinking water quality at J. P. Nagar can be checked very effectively by controlling the conductivity of water. The study may be treated one step forward towards the water quality management.

2 tables, 12 ref

015183   Singh V;Ali M;Saxena R;Shekhar C;Anand D (NO, Ram-eesh Institute of vocational and Technical Education, 3, Knowledge Park-1, Kasna Road, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, Email: mahalwal_vs@yahoo.co.in) : Volatile constituents and antimicrobial and antifungal activities of immature green seeds of Trachyspermum ammi Linn.. J essential Oil Bearing Pl 2008, 11(1), 120-3.

Steam distilled volatile oil obtained from fruits of Trachyspermum ammi Linn, belonging to family Umbelliferae, was analysed by Capillary GC and GC-MS. The oil is composed of nine (9) monoterpenes which includes, seven (7) hydrocarbons (97.1 %) and two (2) alcohols (2.9%). The predominant monoterpenes were μ-terpinene (35%), α-phellandrene (31.4%), δ-carene (19.3%), p-mentha -1,3,8 triene (8.8%), p-cumin-7-ol (2.7%), β-pinene (1.9%), β-myrcene (0.4%), cis-myrtenol (0.2%) and α-pinene (0.3%).

2 tables, 16 ref

015182   Shivakumar B;Sahu S;Veerana Goud A;Nagendra Rao R;Shivkumar H;Pasha T Y;Udupi R H;Bhat A R (Paul Ehrlich Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dep, S.C.S. College of Pharmacy , Harapanahalli-583 131) : Synthesis of 3,4-disubstituted -5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles and their biological evaluation. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 93-4.

Benzimidazolyl potassium dithiocarbazinate (IV) was cyclized with aryloxy acid hydrazides (Va-g) to give 3-aryloxymethyl-4-[2-(benzimidazolyl thio) acetamido]-5-mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles (Vla-g). New compounds were characterized on the basis of analytical and spectral data. Antimicrobial activities of all the synthesized compounds were evaluated and some of the compounds exhibited moderate activity.

1 table, 3 ref

015181   Sharma S;Joshi A;Talesara G L (Synthetic Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Chemistry Dep, M.L. Sukhadia Univ, Udaipur-313 001) : Synthetic studies on some new alkoxyphthalimide derivatives of 5-arylidene-2-[5-Aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl) imino]-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 315-18.

Some 2-amino-5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (3a-b) have been synthesized by oxidative cyclization of arylaldehyde thiosemicarbazones (2a-b) with ferric chloride and converted to corresponding thioureas (4a-b) by treatment with acidic ammonium thiocyanate Compounds (4a-b) underwent cyclocondensation with chloroacetic acid to give 2-[(5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl) imino]-1,3-thiazolidine-4-ones (5a-b), which when reacted with four different aromatic aidehydej (6a-d) gave corresponding arylidene derivatives (7a-h), These were then condensed with bromoethoxyphthalimide to furnish the title compounds (9a-h). The structures of isolated compounds have been confirmed by IR, ¹H NMR and Mass spectroscopy and elemental data.

1 table, 4 ref

015180   Sawant R L;Bhatia M S (NO, P.D.V.V.P.F.'s College of Pharmacy, Vilad-Ghat, Ahmednagar-414 111) : Synthesis of 7-(4-substituted phenyl)-5-thioxo-2,5-dihydro-3H-[1,2,4] triazolo [3,4-a] benzodiazepin-3-ones as anticonvulsants. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 383-4.

7-(4-Substituted phenyl)-5-thioxo-2,5-dihydro-3H-[1,2,4] triazolo [3,4-a] [2,4] benzodiazepine-3-ones (3a-e) have been synthesized. The substituents at 4th position of the phenyl ring for initial and final set of compounds have been selected according to Topliss modified approach. The synthesized compounds were characterized by TLC, elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectra studies. The anticonvulsant activity evaluation of initial set of compounds (3a-h) revealed that electron releasing substituents with high lipophilicity if placed at fourth position in phenyl ring increase the anticonvulsant activity. Based on this observation, 4-dimethylamino substituted compound (3e) was synthesized and found to have increased activity.

5 ref

015179   Sarkar S;Yunus Pasha T;Shivakumar B;Chimkode R (JJC Trust Sanchalit, N.R. Vekaria Institute of Pharmacy and Research Centre, C.L. College C, Junagadh-362 001) : Synthesis of new 7-alkyl/aryl amino-6-fluoro 2-substituted phenyl carboxamido (1,3) benzothiazoles as anthelmintic agents. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 95-6.

A new series of 7 alkyl/aryl amino -6-fluoro-2-(substituted phenyl) carboxamido benzothiazoles) (IV) have been synthesized from 2-amino-6-fluoro-7-chloro benzothiazole. All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral data. The new synthesized compounds were screened for anthelmintic activity.

1 table, 8 ref

015178   Sareen V;Gupta U;Khatri V;Chung S (Chemistry Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004) : Synthesis and antifungal activities of some new tetrahydropyrazolo [3,4-c] pyrazoles and isoxazoles. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 355-8.

Some new 3-methyl-4-(substitutedphenyl)-1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-1,3a,4,5-tetrahyd ropyrazolo [3,4-c] pyrazoles and isoxazoles have been synthesized. All synthesized compounds were characterized by their spectral data and elemental analysis. Some representative compounds were screened for their antifungal activities against two fungi viz. F. oxysporium and S. rolfsii using Radial Growth Method and few of them have shown significant antifungal activity.

1 table, 5 ref

015177   Sakalgaonkar A A;Mirgane S R;Arbad B R (Chemistry Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathawada University, Aurangabad-431 004, Email: prof.mirgane@indiatimes.com) : Validated high performance liquid chromatographic satability indicating method for analysis of metformin HCl. Int J appl envir Sci 2008, 3(1), 65-73.

Simple rapid and precise isocratic reversed phase chromatographic method was developed for assay (quantative determination) of metformin HCl in bulk drug (API). The chromatographic separation was achieved on Intersil ODS 3V (250X4.6 mm, 5μ) column using 0.025 M dibasic potassium phosphate and 0.005 M hexane sulphonic acid sodium salt in 1000 ml water adjust pH-3.0 with phosphoric acid and ratio of buffer to acetonotrile 93:7 as a mobile phase. Forced degradation studies were performed for metformin HCl bulk drug using (Concentrated H2so4), base (NaOH), oxidation (30% H2O2), Heat (60°C) and UV light (254 and 365 nm). Degradation was not observed for metformin HCl sample during stress conditions like UV, light, heat, acid, base, oxidation. Peak purity test confirms metformin HCl peak was homogenous in all stress conditions. The mass balance of metformin HCl was close to be 100 in all stress conditions. The percentage recovery of metformin HCl was observed 100.08% by the formula % recovery = slope x 100. The metformin HCl sample solution and mobile phase were found to be stable at least 48 hours. Robustness of the analytical method was determined by deliberately changing the analytical condition of wavelength detection, pH of mobile phase, flow rate of mobile phase and percentage buffer content. So assay of metformin HCl sample obtained under each changed condition was compaired with mean value of method precision the overall relative standard deviation should below 2.0%. The developed method was validated with respective linearity, accuracy, precision, system suitability, specificity and forced degradation studies perform the stability indicating power of the method.

3 illus, 4 tables, 15 ref

015176   Sachar A;Sharma R L (Chemistry Dep, Jammu Univ, Jammu-180 006, Email: rlsharma_hod@rediffimail.com) : Synthesis of newer oxepine, azepine and thiepine based condensed heterocycles via the dimerization of barbituric acid. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 301-4.

The reaction of barbituric acid with an aldehyde in DMSO followed by heterocyclization under different sets of conditions gives oxepine, azepine and thiepine based condensed heterocycles with barbituric acid moiety on the periphery of the molecule.

10 ref

015175   Rao G K;Venugopala K N;Sanjay Pai P N (Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dep, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Hosur Road, Near Lalbagh Main Gate, Bangalore-560 027) : Microwave assisted synthesis of some 6-chloro-3-[2-(substituted anilino)-1,3-thiazol-4-YL]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones as antibacterial agents. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 397-400.

A series of some 6-chloro-3-[2-(substituted anilino)-1,3-thiazol-4-yl]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-ones were synthesized and characterized on the basis of IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and mass spectral (MS) data. The title compounds were subjected to in-vitro antibacterial activity screening using four strains of organisms viz. Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Kiebshella pneumonias by agar cup plate method. Out of the compounds tested, some of the molecules with different substituents showed significant antibacterial activity when compared to standard Streptomycin and Ampicillin.

1 table, 6 ref

015174   Rani Rekha;Makrandi J K (Chemistry Dep, Maharshi Dayanand Univ, Rohtak-124 001) : A facile synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,5-disubtituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 81-2.

Several new symmetrical and unsymmetrical 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles have been synthesized in good yields by reaction of aromatic aldehydes with aromatic hydrazides in presence of ferric chloride as oxidizing agent. The structures of new oxadiazoles were confirmed by analytical and spectral data.

1 table, 17 ref

015173   Rajanarendar E;Karunakar D;Kalyan Rao E (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009) : Synthesis of isoxazolyl thiazolidinones and their <. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 305-10.

3-[(3-Methyl-5-styryl-isoxazolyl-4-yl)/3-(5-methyl-isoxazol-3-yl)]-2-[ (4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl/pyridin-2-yl) thiophen-2-yl]-thiazolidin-4-ones 3 and 7 have been prepared by cyclocondensation of mercapto acetic acid with Schiff's bases 2 and 6 respectively. The Schiff s bases 2 and 6 have been obtained by the condensation of chromene, pyridine and thiophene aldehydes with aminoisoxazoles 1 and 5 respectively. The thiazolidinones 3 and 7 exhibited a peculiar ¹H NMR behaviour, which is noticed for the first time. The reaction between Schiff's bases 2 and 6 with mercaptopropanoic acid (thiolactic acid) in refluxing benzene, gave a mixture of diastereomeric thiazolidinones 4a & 4b and 8a & 8b respectively. Attempts have been made to separate them by using different chromatographic techniques and their ratios determined through ¹H NMR data.

1 table, 9 ref

015172   Rajanarendar E;Kalyan Rao E;Siva Rami Reddy A (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009) : Synthesis of isoxazol tetrazoles from aroylamino isoxazoles. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 377-8.

Isoxazolyl tetrazoles 4 have been synthesized by the reaction of 4-aroyi aminoisoxazoles 2 with phosphorus pentachloride and azidolysis of the resulting imidoyl chlorides. The structures of these tetrazoles 4 have been established by their elemental analysis and spectral data (IR, ¹H NMR, Mass).

1 table, 4 ref

015171   Rajanarendar E;Kalyan Rao E;Siva Rami Reddy A (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009) : Synthesis of isoxazolyl triazinan-2-thiones and oxadiazine-4-thiones. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 311-14.

Trimolecular condensation of N-(5-methyi-isoxazol-3-yl)-N'-arylthioureas 2 with aq formaldehyde and primary amines in toluene under reflux leads to 5-alkyl-1-(5-methyl-isoxazol-3-yl)-3-aryl-hexahydro-[1,3,5] tnazinan-2-thiones 3 in excellent yields. Condensation of 2 with aq formaldehyde under similar condition provides isoxazolyl [1,3,5]-oxadiazine-4-thiones 4.

1 table, 9 ref

015170   Pujar G V;Synesh C;Purohit M N;Srinivasalu N; Udupi R H (NO, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, S.S. Nagar, Mysore-570 015) : Synthesis, anticonvulsant and antibacterial activities of some novel pyrazolines derived from benzoxazole and benzimidazole. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 387-8.

2-Mercapto benzoxazole and 2-mercapto benzimidazole were converted to respective 2-thioethyl acetate (E₁₂) by treating with ethyl chioroacetate and anhyd K₂CO₃ in dry acetone. The obtained 2-mercapto ethyl acetates (E_1,2) were converted to respective acetohydrazide derivatives (H₁₂) by treating with hydrazine hydrate in abs ethanol. The acetohydrazides of benzoxazole and benzimidazole (H_1,2) were converted to pyrazolines by treating with appropriate chalcones in ethanol by both microwave and conventional methods. The synthesized compounds were, screened for in vivo anticonsulsant activity by PTZ induced convulsion in albino mice using diazepam as standard. Among compounds tested, P₁, P₃, P₆ and P₁₀ exhibited significant anticonvulsant activity. The compounds were also screened for in vitro antibacterial activity bu cup plate method using norfloxacin as standard against Staphylococcus aureas, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Compounds P₁, P₃, P₅, P₇, P₈ and P₁₀ showed significant antibacterial activity.

1 table, 6 ref

015169   Priyanka Singh;Bajpai M;Om Prakash;Tiwari R; Mathur S C;Singh R M;Singh G N (Central Indian Pharmacopoeia Laboratory, Govt. of India, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Rajnagar, Ghaziabad-201 002, Email: goicipl@nda.vsnl.net.in) : High performance thin layer chromatographic method for the determination of cinnamaldehyde in Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark powder. J nat Remedies 2008, 8(2), 179-82.

Develops a simple, precise and quantitative High Performance Thin Layer Chromatographic (HPTLC)' method for the determination of cinnamaldehyde in Cinnnamomum zeylanicum bark powder. Cinnamaldehyde content of bark powder of Cinnnamomum zeylanicum, were determined using mobile phase, Toluene: Ethyl acetate: Formic acid, 19:1:0.1 (v/v). Instrument with Camag Linomat V and Camag TLC Scanner 3 was used. HPTLC method was developed for the determination of cinnamaldehyde by scanning the plates at 295nm. Proposed HPTLC method was simple, accurate, precise, economic and can be utilized for the routine analysis and quantitative determination of cinnamaldehyde from C. zeylanicum.

3 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

015168   Pavan Kumar Maddula L V V;Durga Prasad K; Vijayakumar V (Chemistry Div, School of Science and Humanities, VIT Univ, Vellore-632 014, Email: kvpsvijayakumar@gmail.com) : Synthesis and spectral studies of 1-phenyl-4-aryl/alkylaminopyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidines. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 13-16.

A series of 1-phenyl-4-aryl/alkylaminopyrazolo [3,4-d] pyrimidines 5a-e were synthesized and characterized using spectral techniques such as IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and mass.

1 table, 3 ref

015167   Pathak L P;Shukla R;Pandey V K;Tusi S; Srivastava A K (Chemistry Dep, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Faizabad-224 001) : 2-nitro-6,11-dioxo-6,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo [b,e] azepin-4-YL-ALKYL-arylamides/imides as possible hypoglycemic agents. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 373-4.

Reaction of phthalic anhydride with p-nitroaniline afforded 2-nitro-5H-dibenzo (b,e) azepin 6,11-dione 1 in excellent yield. Condensation of 1 with N-(hydroxyalkyl) aryl amides/Iimides resulted in 2-nitro 6,11 dioxo-6,11 dihydro 5H-dibenzo (b,e) azepin-4-yl-alkyl-arylamides/imides 2 in the yields varying from 65 to 70%. The compounds 2 were evaluated for their antihyperglycemic activity in sucrose loaded rat models and in sucrose-challenged low dosed streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

1 table, 4 ref

015166   Pandey V K;Tusi S (Chemistry Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007) : Synthesis of 6-(1H-benzimidazol-2-YL)-4-aralkyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinazolin-2-ones involving ureidoalkylation reaction. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 83-4.

Aliphatic/aromatic aldehydes on reaction with an excess of urea afforded (aralkyl ureido-methyfpureas 1 which on cyclization with p-aminobenzoic acid resulted in 2-oxo-4-aralkyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-6-carboxylic acids 2. Reaction of 2 with o-phenylenediamine in pyridine furnished 6-(1 H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-4-aralkyl-3,4-dihydro-1 H-quinazolin-2-ones 3 in moderate yields.

1 table, 4 ref

015165   Ozel M Z;Lewis A C;Gogus F (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science and Arts, The Univ of Pamukkale, P.O. 286, 20017, Denizli, Turkey, Email: mzoel@pau.edu.tr) : Chemical composition of volatile oils from leaves and flowers of Sideritis congesta using direct thermal desorption - two - dimensional gas chromatography - time - of - flight mass spectrometry. J essential Oil Bearing Pl 2008, 11(1), 22-9.

Volatile oils from the leaves and flowers of Sideritis congesta, a plant endemic to Southern Anatolia, Turkey, were liberated using direct thermal desorption (DTD) and then analysed using comprehensive gas chromatography (GC x GC) coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). Two methods of thermal desorption are compared here; i) a manual direct cryo cooled on-column collection and focusing, and ii) a fully automated two stage carbon adsorbent thermal desorption system. 41 different volatile components were identified associated with plant leaves and 54 components for the flowers. A comparison of the flower volatiles resolved using the different thermal desorption methods indicated 43 common components, but with the cryo-cooled on-column method giving a slightly better determination. Major organic constituents observed from this species were α-pinene (12.53-14.55 %), β-pinene (17.15-25.34 %) and δ-cadinene (10.97-14.52 %). Results for manual and automated DTD methods are similar: both of them allow a fast plant volatile analysis without the costly and time consuming step of extraction or distillation.

1 table, 17 ref

015164   Nirmala Kumari;Sah P (Chemistry Dep, J.N.V. Univ, Jodhpur-342 005) : Synthesis and antibacterial activity of some 2-mercapto-3-phenyl-4-oxo-(3H)-quinazolinyl substituted 1',3',4'-oxadiazoles. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 331-4.

2-Mercapto-3-phenyl-4-oxo-(3H)-quinazolinyl carbohydrazide II on treatment with aromatic acids in POCI₃ gave 5'-(2",4"/ 3",5"-aryl substituted [2-mercapto phenyl-3-phenyl-4-oxo-(3H)-quinazolinyl]-1',3',4'-oxadiazoles III. The carbohydrazide II was synthesized by treating mercapto quinazolinone with p-chloromethyl benzoate yielding 2-mercapto-3-phenyl (3H)-quinazolinyl methyl benzoate I followed by hydrazinolysis. Chemical structures have been established by IR, ¹H NMR and mass spectral data. Antibacterial activity has been evaluated against three strains i.e. E. coli., S. typhi and S. aureus. The oxadiazoles have inhibited the growth of these bacterial strains.

1 table, 10 ref

015163   Nickavar B;Mojab F;Bamasian S (Pharmacognosy Dep, School of Pharmacy, Shaheed Beheshti Medical Univ, P.O. Box: 14155-6153, Tehran, Iran, Email: bnickavar@yahoo.com) : Volatile components from aerial parts of Lamium amplexicaule from Iran. J essential Oil Bearing Pl 2008, 11(1), 36-40.

Chemical composition of the hydrodistilled essential oil from the air-dried aerial parts of Lamium amplexicaule L. (Labiatae) was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The oil yield was 0.1%. Forty-nine constituents representing 97.6% of the oil have been identified. The hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes (40.7%) and oxygenated monoterpenoids (22.9%) were the major class of the constituents. Germacrene-D (22.3%) and camphor (18.1%) were the main components in the essential oil.

2 tables, 15 ref

015162   Navin Kumar;Sapna;Kohli S;Tiwari B;Agarwal M (Chemistry Dep, Inderprastha Engineering College, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad-201 005) : Synthesis and characterization of Ni(II) complexes of salisaldehyde derived semicarbozone and thiosemicarbozone. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect C 2008, 27(2), 111-18.

Complexes of Semicarbozone and Thiosemicarbozone of salisaldehyde with Ni(II) have been synthesized. The complexes have been characterized by various physio-chemical techniques, viz, magnetic susceptibility measurement, electronic, infra red, and electron spin resonance spectral studies. These complexes are founded of the type of Ni (ligand)₂ X₂ [X=Cl-, SO₄^2- and (SCN)^-].

2 illus, 2 tables, 28 ref

015161   Nagargoje D R;Ghawalkar A R;Jadhav G R;Shaikh M U;Diwakar S D;Shingare M S;Gill C H (Chemistry Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad-431 004) : Synthesis of fluorine containing pyrazole imines and their cyclization into thiazolidinones and azetidinones. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 53-6.

A series of N-((1,3-diphenyl-1 H-pyrazol-4-yl) methylene) benzeneimines (3a-j) were synthesized by condensation of 4-formyl pyrazole (1) with various fluorine substituted anilines (2). These compounds on cyclocondensation with thioglycollic acid in dry dioxan and methoxy acetyl chloride in presence of triethyl amine in DCM gave 4-thiazolidinones (4a-j) and 2-azetidinone (5a-e) derivatives respectively in good yields. The structures of synthesized compounds were established by ¹H NMR, IR and mass spectroscopic analysis.

1 table, 15 ref

015160   Mulwad V V;Kewat V P (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Institute of Science, 15, Madam Cama Road, Mumbai-400 032, Email: vinata_mulwad@hotmail.com) : Synthesis and antimicrobial screening of 3-(2'-oxo-4-styryl-2-'H-furo [2',3'-h] benzopyran-9'-YL)-pyrano [3,2-c] benzopyran-2,5 diones. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 33-6.

1H, 5H, 3-Bromoacetyl pyrano [3,2-c] [1] benzopyran-2, 5-diones 1a-d on reaction with 7-hydroxy-4-methyl coumarin (4-methyl umbelliferone) gave 3-[2-(4'-methyl-2'-oxo-2'H-benzopyran-7'-yloxy)-acetyl]-pyrano [3,2-c] benzopyran-2, 5-diones 2a-d. Reaction of 2a-d with phosphorus oxychloride in carbon tetrachloride gave cyclized product 3-(4'-methyl-2'-oxo-2'H-furo [2',3'-h] benzopyran-9'-yl)-pyrano [3,2-c] benzopyran-2, 5-diones 3a-d, which on treatment with aromatic aldehydes yielded 3-(2'-oxo-4'-styryl-2'H-furo [2',3'-] benzopyran-9'-yl)-pyrano [3,2-c] benzopyran -2, 5-diones 4a-d. The structures of all compounds have been established on the basis of the spectral and analytical data. All compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity and have been found to exhibit significant activity.

1 table, 13 ref

015159   Mulwad V V;Kewat V P (Chemistry Dep, The Institute of Science, 15 Madam Cama Road, Mumbai-400 032) : Synthesis of new tetrazoles and their antibacterial activity. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 29-32.

4-Hydroxy pyrano [3,2-c] benzopyran-2,5-diones 1a-d on treatment with POCI₃ in acetic acid gave 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy pyrano [3,2-c] benzopyran-2,5-diones 2a-d which on further treatment with malononitrile and ethyl cyanoacetate yielded 1,1-dicyano-2-[4'-hydroxy-2'H5'H-pyrano [3',2-c] benzopyran-2',5'-dione-3'-yl] propenes 3a-d and ethyl-2-cyano-3-[4'-hydroxy-2'H5'H-pyrano [3',2'-c] benzopyran-2',5'-dione-3'-yl] but-2-enoates 5a-d respectively. The 1,3 dipolar reactions of 3a-d and 5a-d with NaN₃ gave the tetrazole derivatives, 1,1-di (1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-2-[4'-hydroxy-2'H5'H-pyrano [3',2'-c] benzopyran-2',5'-dione-3'-yl] propenes 4a-d and ethyl-2-(1"H-tetrazol-5"-yl)-3-[4'-hydroxy-9'-methyl 2'H5'H-pyrano [3',2'-c] benzopyran-2',5'-dione-3'-yl] but-2-enoates 6a-d respectively. The structures of all compounds have been established on the basis of the spectral and analytical data. All compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity and have been found to exhibit significant activity.

1 table, 3 ref

015158   Mogilaiah K;Kumara Swamy T;Shiva Kumar K (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009) : Efficient synthesis of N-(3-Aryl-1,8-naphthyridin-2-YL)-tetrachlorophthalimides in the solid state. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 365-6.

A simple, rapid and efficient synthesis of N-(3-aryl-1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl) tetrachlorophthalimides 3 is reported by grinding 2-amino-3-aryl-1,8-naphthyridines 1 with tetrachlorophthalic anhydrde 2 in the presence of catalytic amount of p-toluenesulphonic acid (PTSA) in a mortar with pestle. The reaction proceeds efficiently at room temperature in high yields and in a state of highy purity.

1 table, 2 ref

015157   Mazumder P M;Datta R;Manjee R N;Ganguly S (Pharmaceutical Sciences Dep, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835 215) : Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some derivatives of aleuritic acid. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 18(1), 73-6.

A number of new derivatives of aleuritic acid were synthesized and their antimicrobial activities studied using different strains of bacteria and fungi. All the compounds showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities, at varying minimum inhibitory conc (MIC) values.

1 table, 12 ref

015156   Masand V H;Patil K N;Humne V T;Baig N (NO, Vidyabharati Mahavidalaya, Amravati-444 602) : Synthesis of some new condensation products of 1-hydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one. Indian J Heterocyclic Chem 2008, 17(4), 375-6.

A series of new xanthone derivatives (4-9) was synthesized by the condensation of 1 -hydroxy-9H-xanthen-9-one 3 with appropriate chlorocompound by using simple, efficient and generally applicable method. The structures were confirmed by elemental analyses and spectral data.

1 table, 3 ref