014086   Srivastava S;Kulima Singh;Awasthi A;Singh S; Srivastava P (Chemical Laboratories, Feroze Gandhi College, Raebareli, Email: she_ila72@yahoo.com) : Acidic periodate oxidation of some cyclic alocohols in presence of ruthenium (III). Int J pure appl Chem 2007, 2(4), 391-5.

Kinetic investigation on Ru(III) catalyzed oxidation of cyclopentanol and cyclohexanol by acidified solution of sodium periodate in the presence of mercuric acetate as a scavenger have been made in the temperature range of 30-45°C. The rate shows first order kinetics both in substrate and Ru(III), while order of reaction is zero with respect to periodate and hydrogen ions. Insignificant influence of mercuric acetate and ionic strength of the medium was observed, while the reaction showed negligible effect of [Cl^-] on the reaction rate. A transient complex, formed between Ru(III) and cyclic alcohol in a slow and rate determining step, react with periodate to give the product in a fast step, which leads to regeneration of the catalyst. D₂O had insignificant effect on the rate of the reaction. A suitable mechanism in conformity with the kinetic observations has been proposed and the thermodynamic parameters computed.

3 illus, 3 tables, 25 ref

014085   Srivastava A K (Chemistry Dep, Bareilly College, Bareilly-243 001, Email: aksbareilly@yahoo.co.in) : Synthesis, spectroscopic and antibacterial studies on bis(cyclopentadienyl)-hafnium(IV) derivatives with dithiocarbamates derived from α-amino acids. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 281-6.

The reactions of bis(cyclopentadienyl)hafnium(IV) dichloride with novel dithiocarbamate ligands [Na₂(S₂C-NH-(R)-COO)], derived from α-amino acids (glycine, leucine, β-alanine and dl-alanine), have been studied in THF/DMF mixture and binuclear complexes of type [{(C₅H₅)₂HfCl}₂(S₂C-NH-(R)-COO)] have been isolated. Tentative structures of the complexes have been proposed on the basis of analyses, electrical conductance, magnetic moment and spectral (UV-Vis, FT-IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and FAB-mass) data. NMR spectra indicate that there is rapid rotation of the cyclopentadienyl ring around the metal-ring axis at 25 °C. Studies were conducted to assess the growth inhibiting potential of the ligands and complexes against various bacterial strains. The complexes are found to be potent bactericides than the ligands.

^ssc4 tables, 23 ref

014084   Sivasankaran Nair M;Ravi Samuel Raj C (Chemistry Dep, Manonmaniam Sundaranar Univ, Tirunelveli-627 012, Email: msnairchem@rediffmail.com) : Electronic structure and nonlinearity of schiff bases of furfural and α-amino acids. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 250-4.

A series of Schiff bases of furfural (fur) with α-amino acids viz. glycine (gly), alanine (ala), valine (val), phenylalanine (phy), threonine (thr), glutamine (gln), glutamic acid (glu), aspartic acid (asp) and histidine (his) are optimised using RHF/6-31G*. The polarizability and hyperpolarizability are calculated by the finite-field method using AM1 Hamiltonian. It was found that the conformation selectivity of the compounds is due to the side chain in the amino acid. A trans conformation along the imino group is stable. The molecules look like a helix with the cavity at the center. The effects of substitution are mainly of steric in nature. The torsion twists of the back bones are characteristic of the substitution. Except fur-phy and fur-his, all the Schiff bases have maximum dipolemoment along the x-axis. The fur-phy and fur-his are found to have dipolemoment maximum along y-axis. The linear, first and second order hyperpolarizabilities follow the dipolemoment order. Schiff bases with acid side chain have very high polarizability and comparable with metal clusters.

1 illus, 4 tables, 16 ref

014083   Shukla I C;Santosh Kumar;Dubey A (Chemistry Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-211 002, Email: prof.icshukla@rediffmail.com) : Microgram determination of ticlopidine hydrochloride in single pharmaceutical preparation by HPLC method. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 306-7.

A new HPLC method for the determination of ticlopidine in single and in their pharmaceutical preparations has been described. The method is based on reverse phase liquid chromatography using C-18 column and a suitable mobile phase. The detection is done at 220 nm. The flow rate is adjusted at 1.0 mL/min and the linearity is established.

^ssc2 tables, 7 ref

014082   Shivashankar K;Shastri L A;Kulkarni M V;Rasal V P;Saindane D M (Chemistry Dep, Karnatak Univ, Dharwad-580 003, Email: profmvk@rediffmail.com) : Multi-component reactions of formyl-4-aryloxymethylcoumarins under microwave irradiation. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 265-71.

Ethylacetoacetate and ammonia/urea were reacted with formyl-4-aryloxymethylcoumarins 2a-e by microwave irradiation to give 1,4-dihydropyridyl-4-aryIoxymethylcoumarins 3a-e/3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-one-4-aryloxymethylcoumarins (Biginelli compounds) 4a-e respectively. These compounds have been screened for their potential as microbial growth inhibitors against six bacterial and six fungal strains. The growth inhibition was observed against the Gram positive species and all the fungal strains even at a concentration of 6.25 μg ml^-1

1 sch, 2 tables, 26 ref

014081   Sharma P L N;Muralikrishna D (Process Dep Laboratory, , Lupin Limited, 198-202, New Industrial Area No 2, Mandideep-462 046, Email: dmuralikrishna@lupinpharma.com) : Synthesis of cefadroxil carbonate. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(10), 819-20.

Cefadroxil carbonate (I) is synthesized from 7-amino desacetoxy cephalosporonic acid (II) condensing with mixed anhydride that is obtained from reaction of para hydroxy phenyl glycine dane salt (III) with excess of ethyl chloroformate in presence of excess of base, N-methyl morpholine.

7 ref

014080   Sharma D K;Sharma S;Mourya G L;Mamta Kumari (Chemistry Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004, Email: sadhanasharma_21yahoo.co.in) : Electro-organic synthesis of 1-(3-chloro-2-hydroxy propyl)-2-methyl-5-aminoimidazole in acidic medium. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 225-32.

Electro-organic synthesis of l-(3-chloro-2-hydroxy propyl)-2-inethyl-5-aminoimidazole has been carried out by the constant current electrolysis at copper and amalgamated forms of copper and lead electrodes under acidic conditions. The electro reduction of l-(3-chloro-2-hydroxy propyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (Ornidazole) has been also studied by cyclic voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode under acidic conditions which indicate the reducible behaviour of it. Isolated product was characterized by TLC, usual laboratory qualitative tests and IR, NMR spectral analysis. Effect of different parameters like current density, temperature, depolarizer concentration and nature of cathode material on yield percentage and current efficiency have been investigated. Number of electrons have also been calculated to confirm the isolated product, which is 1-(3-chloro-2-hydroxy propyI)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole.

5 illus, 3 tables, 44 ref

014079   Serbetci Z (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Firat Univ, Elazig) : Synthesis and characterization of 4-[3,5-diamino-4h-pyrazol-4-Yl) diazenly] benzoic acid and complexes. Int J pure appl Chem 2007, 2(3), 309-12.

4-[3,5-Diamino-4H-pyrazol-4-yl)diazenly]benzoic acid (L) has been synthesized by starting from 4-Phenyl-hydrazonomalononitrile-carboxylic acid, reactions of 4-[3,5-Diamino-4H-pyrazol-4-yl)diazenly]benzoic acid (L) with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) acetates yields different complexes. The structure of the complexes determined by using elemental analysis, UV, IR, NMR, TGA, DTA, magnetic measurements. The formulas of the complexes are as following [CoL(Ac)₂].2H₂O, [NiL(Ac)₂].3H₂O, [Cu₂L₂(Ac)₄].2H₂O and [ZnL(Ac)₂.2H₂O].

4 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

014078   Sao A;Pillai A K;Gupta V K (School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt Ravishankar Shukla Univ, Raipur-492 010) : Spectrophotometric determination of carbosulfan in environmental samples. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(12), 1088-91.

Study presents carbosulfan determination by a novel rapid, simple, sensitive and an extractive method, which is based off alkaline hydrolysis of carbosulfan into phenol followed by coupling with diazotized p- amino acetophenone in alkaline medium. Red brown dye (λ_max 465 nm) can be extractable in 2-methyl butanol, which makes reaction more sensitive with same λ_max. Beer's law is obeyed between 0.8-5.6 ppm and 0.1-0.6 ppm in aqueous and extractive system respectively. Molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity were found to be 4.46x 10< mol^-1 cm^-1 and 0.0085 μg cm² respectively. Method has been satisfactorily applied for carbosulfan determination in various environmental samples.

1 illus, 1 table, 14 ref

014077   Rastogi R P;Srivastava R C (Chemistry Dep, Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur-273 009, Email: rprastogi@yahoo.com) : Causality principle, non-equilibrium thermodynamics and non-linear science of open systems. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(10), 747-58.

In in real life situations, open systems in non-equilibrium are sometimes in steady state and sometimes in non-steady states. Steady state is obtained when forces and counter forces interact. However, when multiple forces are operative involving autocatalysis (positive feedback) and inhibitory step (negative feedback), exotic non-equilibrium phenomena are observed. Extensive theoretical studies based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics and non-linear dynamics and experimental studies related to simple and complex non-equilibrium physico-chemical systems, which have possible application in real systems in nature, has been reported. Paper intends to: i) Elucidate concepts related to causality principle developed on the basis of experimental and theoretical studies; and ii) To illustrate manner, in which multiple forces interact in phenomena involving multiple processes and multiple cause-effect sequence such as: a) non-equilibrium steady states; b) bifurcation from steady state to bi-stability and oscillatory state; c) temporal and spatio-temporal oscillations; d) chaos; and e) pattern formation and fractal growth in space.

6 illus, 1 table, 33 ref

014076   Peesapati V;Bathini S (Industrial Chemistry Research Lab, Center for Environment, I.S.T., J.N.T. Univ, Kukatpally, Hyderabad-500 085, Email: vpeesapati@yahoo.com) : Synthesis of some newer thiazolidinones. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 298-301.

Some new 2-[2'-substituted-4'-thiazoHdinon-3'-yl]-5,6-dimethyl-8,9-dihydro-10H- benzo[7]annuleno[9,8-d]thiazoles (5a-f) have been synthesized by 1,3-cyclocondensation of thioglycolic acid with l-substituted-N-(5,6-dimethyl-8,9-dihydro-10H-benzo[7]annuleno[9,8-d]t hiazol-2-yl)methanimines (4a-f). The structures of all these compounds have been delineated by elemental analysis and spectral studies (IR, ¹H NMR and Mass).

^ssc1 sch, 1 table, 14 ref

014075   Patel H D;Mistry B D;Desai K R (Chemistry Dep, Gujarat Univ, Ahmedabad-380 009, Email: hitesh13chem@rediffmail.com ) : Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 4-oxo-thiazolidine derivatives. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 287-92.

Ethyl (4-chIorophenoxy)acetate (1) upon condensation with hydrazine hydrate gave 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-acetohydrazide (2) which by condensation with aromatic aldehydes gave 2-(4-chIorophenoxy)-N-(substitutedbenzyIidene) acetohydrazide (3a-k). Derivatives (3a-k) fused with thioglycolic acid and thiolactic acid gave 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (4a-k) and 5-methyl-4-thiazolidinone derivatives (5a-k) respectively. 4-ThiazoIidinone derivatives (4a-k) treated with formaldehyde and p-fluoroaniline gave 2-(4-chIorophenoxy)-N-{2-(substitutedphenyI)-5-[(4-fluorophenyl)aminom ethyl]-4-oxo-1,3-thiazolidine-3-yl}acetamide (6a-k). The structures of the synthesized compounds were assigned on the basis of IR, ¹H NMR, LC-MS and elemental analysis data.

^ssc1 sch, 2 tables, 11 ref

014074   Narkhede H P;More U B;Dalal D S;Mahulikar P P (School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra Univ, Jalgaon-425 001, Email: mahulikarpp@rediffmail.com) : Solid supported synthesis of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives using microwaves. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(5), 374-6.

2-Mcrcaptobenzimidazole(MBI) derivatives having substituent at either nitrogen or sulphur of a thioamide ring exhibit biological activity. MBI derivatives were synthesized in moderate to high yields in a short time to give pure required products by using solid support such as silica gel/neutral alumina/fly ash under microwave assisted solventless conditions.

1 table, 24 ref

014073   Naik G T;Angadi M A;Harihar A L (Chemistry Dep, Kittel Science College, Dharwad-580 001, Email: harihar_al@yahoo.co.in) : Oxidation of 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde by alkaline N-bromosuccinimide - a kinetic and mechanistic study. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 255-60.

The kinetics of the oxidation of 2-hydroxynaphthaldehyde (2-HNA) by N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in aqueous alkaline medium at a constant ionic strength of 0.60 mol dm^-3 was studied titrimetrically. The reaction is of first order in [NBS] and of fractional order in both [2-HNA] and [alkali]. Addition of products has no significant effect on the reaction rate. However, increasing ionic strength and decreasing dielectric constant of the medium increases the rate. The oxidation process in alkaline medium has been shown to proceed via the formation of a complex between the active species of the oxidant and the substrate followed by the decomposition of the complex in a slow rate determining step to yield the product. Some reaction constants involved in the mechanism were determined. The calculated and observed rate constants agree excellently. The activation parameters were computed with respect to the slow step of the mechanism.

2 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

014072   Mondal T K;Sarkar S K;Sinha C (Chemistry Dep, Iorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata-700 032, Email: c_r_sinha@yahoo.com) : Anion radical of naphthyl-azo-imidazole in ruthenium and osmium carbonyls. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 213-19.

The reaction of [M(H)(Cl)(CO)(PPh₃)₃] (M = Ru, Os) with l-alkyl-2-(naphthyl-α/β-azo)imidazole (α-NaiR 1; p-NaiR, 2) in boiling dry heptane has afforded [M(Cl)(CO)(PPh₃)₂(α/β-NaiR*) ] (3/4 and 5/6) (α/β-NaiR*, azo anion radical) as the major product. The radicals are oxidized upon treatment with NH₄PF₆ in dichloromethane-acetonitrile medium to one electron oxidized non-radical salts (3 ⁺/4^{+ and 5 +/6+). The complexes display redox couple in the range -0.3 to -0.6 V vs SCE. The magnetic properties are studied by bulk (μ BM) and EPR measurements. The anion radicals are fluorescent and free ligands do not fluoresce (1, 2). DFT calculation shows that anion radical non-coordinated ligand is very much unstable while metal-carbonyls stabilize them.}

4 illus, 3 tables, 22 ref

014071   Mohanty J K;Paul A K;Charchi N (NO, Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar-13, Email: jkmohanty@immt.res.in) : PGE carriers at Boula-Nausahi igneous complex, Orissa, India. Indian Mineralogist 2008, 42(1), 53-61.

Boula-Nausahi Igneous Complex is intruded into the Pre-Cambrian metasediments of the Iron Ore Supergroup. In this complex, PGE mineralisation is confined to a narrow breccia zone consisting of magmatic breccias set in a megaphyric gabbroic matrix. It is surmised that this unusually coarse grained gabbro was responsible in some way or other to initiate/effect the PGE mineralisation. PGE mineralisation is confined to oxide (chromite), sulfide (base metal sulfides) and silicate matrices. Ferritchromite has the highest PGE content (2.214-5.451 ppm) followed by base metal sulfide assemblage (4.5 ppm) and arsenopyrite bearing rock (1.05 to 3.29 ppm). Along with PGE, appreciable quantity of Au and Ag are also found. The other carriers such as pyroxenite, gabbro and dunite/serpentinite contain PGE within 20 to 200 ppb. It is observed that the presence of base metal sulfides increases the PGE contents of the host. It is inferred that ferritchromite seems to be the most important and dominant carrier followed by base metal sulfides and arsenopyrite bearing rock. This premise would help in exploration, assessment and exploitation of this scarce mineral resource so far as India is concerned.

8 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

014070   Mohanty D;Sen A K (Earth Sciences Dep, IIT Roorkee, Roorkee-247 667, Email: drddmohanty@rediffmail.com) : PGE mineralization in kathpal chromites, sukinda ultramafic complex, Orissa, India. Indian Mineralogist 2008, 42(1), 62-70.

Kathpal chromite bodies are located in the western-most extreme of Sukinda ultramafic complex and emplaced within Iron Ore Group of rocks. The chromite ore occurs as randomly oriented lensoid bodies within serpentinized ultramafic rocks but preserves the primary igneous features. Gradational variation in Cr-spinel proportion from ore to host rock with a general low ( <1%) concentration of sulfide minerals is characteristics of these ores. The PGE concentration in the chromite ores and the associated rocks is in sub-chondritic level with dominance of IPGE (Os, Ir & Ru) and the chromite ore is enriched in PGE concentration compared to the associated rocks. It indicates strong partitioning of PGE into crystallizing Cr-spinels at high temperature (high MgNo.) and relatively higher fO₂ (low Fe²⁺/[Fe²⁺Fe³⁺]). Sulfide-PGM association is rare and only few extremely fine grains (0.5-2 μm) of PGM could be detected in one sample from footwall contact of chromite ore. Heazlewoodite and Ni-rich pentlandite are the main sulfide minerals and they occur as bi-mineralic intergrowths. Millerite is present as secondary alteration product. Sulfides are relatively abundant in the contact zones than that of ores. PGM is present as native alloys of Os-Ir-Ru, metallic solid solutions of Pt-Ir and sulfides of Os-Ir-Ru i.e., minerals of laurite-erlichmanite series. The presence of Ir-Pt-alloy seems to be very important and interesting feature of PGE-mineralization in Kathpal chromite deposit. Based on both mineralogical and geochemical data on PGE, it is concluded that the Kathpal chromite deposits are much similar to that of Uralian type chromite deposits.

3 illus, 1 table, 22 ref

014069   Mishra P (Chemistry Dep, Delhi Univ, Delhi-110 007, Email: prmmishra@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis, characterization, thermal decomposition studies, molecular modeling, and anticancer activity of bismuth (V) complexes streptomycin and tetracycline. Int J pure appl Chem 2007, 2(4), 397-406.

Streptomycin (SM) and tetracycline (TC) complexes were synthesed and their chemistry with bismuth (V) are represented in this article. These complexes further characterized by various physiochemical and spectroscopic measurements i.e. IR, ¹H NMR, UV-Vis, TG/DTA and XRPD. The crystallographic data for the complexes are a= 10.73678 (Angustrum), b = 10.73678 (Angustrum), c : 16.40118 (Angustrum), α = 90.00°, β = 90°, γ= 120.00v= 1637.40 Angustrum³ for Bi-SM and a = 14.792630 (Angustrum), b = 14.792630 (Angustrum), c = 12.369320 (Angustrum), α = 90.00°, β = 96.928, γ = 90.00° v = 2344.05 Angustrum³ for Bi-TC. Both complexes have hexagonal crystal system. The thermodynamic parameters as ΔE*, ΔH*, ΔS*, ΔG and k were calculated for stability. The molecular modeling of both complexes have trigonalbipyramidal structure.

6 illus, 7 tables, 26 ref

014068   Mamman S;Iyun J F (Chemistry Dep, Abuja Univ, Abuja, Nigeria) : Oxidation of thiocyanate ION by DI-m-hydroxobis [dioxalatocobaltate(III) in perchloric acid. Int J pure appl Chem 2007, 2(4), 429-32.

The kinetics of the reaction between SCN^- and Co₂(OH)₂(C₂O₄)₄^4- have been measured in aqueous acidic perchlorate solution spectrophotometrically. The reaction is second order overall, first order in each reactant; with a stoichiometry of 1: 2 (oxidant: reductant). Observed rate constants are independent of acidity but free radicals are observed as intermediate in this reaction. The reaction is not catalysed by ions and appears to proceed predominantly by an outer sphere electron transfer mechanism. Although thiocyanogen is indicated as one of the reaction products, it is readily hydroiysed in aqueous solution to cyanate and sulphate ions.

2 tables, 16 ref

014067   Mamman S;Iyun J F (Chemistry Dep, Abuja Univ, Abuja, Nigeria) : Kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of benzenediols with binuclear oxalatocobaltate (III) complex. Int J pure appl Chem 2007, 2(4), 407-13.

The stoichiometries for the oxidations of three benzenediols (catechol, hydroquinone and Resorcinol) to quinone respectively, by di-μ-hydroxobis[dioxalatocobaltate(III), (Co₂(OH)₂(CO₄) ₄^4-) were determined to be 1:1 (oxidant: reductanct) for each of the three systems, in aqueous HClO₄. Each of the reactions follows both acid-dependent and acid-independent paths. The rates of oxidation of Catechol and Resorcinol increase with increasing acidity while the rate of hydroquinone oxidation is inversely dependent on [H⁺]. There was no evidence of either intermediate complex or free radical formation in any of the reactions. The values of the second order rate constants are: k₂ (Catechol) = (1.31 ± 0.03) x 10^-2 dm³mor^-1s^-1 k₂ (Hydroquinone) = (2.47 ± 0.14) x 10^-2 dm³mol-V k₂ (Resorcinol) = (3.11 ± 0.10) x 10^-3 dm³ mol^-1S^-1 Possible reaction steps and mechanisms are suggested.

4 illus, 6 tables, 22 ref

014066   Kumar A;Dass R;Chaudhary R (Industrial Chemistry Dep, Guru Nanak Khalsa College, Yamuna Nagar-135 001) : Extraction and spectrophotometric determination of molybdenum(V) as its thiocyanate complex in industrial, environmental and soil samples. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 275-80.

A simple and rapid extractive spectrophotometric method for micro determination of molybdenum using thio-cyanate as a complexing agent has been worked out for industrial, environmental and soil samples. The Mo^v-thiocyanate complex is extracted into 2,2'-dipyridyl in chloroform. The vermilion colour of the extract is measured at λ_max 505 nm against a similarly prepared reagent blank. The 1 : 4 (Mo : SCN) complex is found to be stable for more than one hour in the extract and obeys Beer's law over the concentration range of 0-11 μg Mo ml^-1. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the proposed method are found to be 1.24 x 10⁴ dm³ mol^-1 cm^-1 and 0.0075 μg Mo cm^-2, respectively. A large number of cations, anions and complexing agents of major analytical importance such as Re^VII, Cr^III,VI, Cu^II, Zr^IV, Mn^II. Ni^II, Fe^II,III W^VI, U^VI, V^v and platinum metals, sulphate, chloride, fluoride, bicarbonate, phosphate, tartrate and EDTA do not interfere. Only oxalate, acetate, hydrogen peroxide, tin, cobalt, bismuth, titanium, osmium and ruthenium interfered in the procedure. The method has been applied satisfactorily for the determination of molybdenum in varieties of samples.

1 table, 29 ref

014065   Joshi R;Chudasama U (Applied Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Technology and Engg, M S Univ of Baroda, Vadodara-390 001, Email: uvcres@gmail.com) : Synthesis of coumarins via pechmann condensation using inorganic ion exchangers as solid acid catalysts. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(12), 1092-7.

Study involves synthesis and characterization of amorphous and crystalline M(IV) phosphates and tungstates, which are inorganic ion exchangers of the class of tetravalent metal acid (tma) salts. Presence of protons contained in structural hydroxyl groups indicates good potential for application in solid acid catalysis. Catalytic activity of materials has been explored by studying Pechmann condensation as a model reaction, wherein phenols (resorcinol, pyrogallol and phloroglucinol) have been treated with methyl acetoacetate to give coumarins, under solvent free conditions. Catalytic activity has been compared and correlated with surface properties of materials.

2 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

014064   El-Shahawy A S;Ahmed S M;Sayed N K (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Assiut Univ, Assiut, Egypt, Email: sm_ahmed@yahoo.com) : Spectrophotometric studies of the oxidative degradation of paractamol. Int J pure appl Chem 2007, 2(3), 325-31.

Oxidative degradation of paracetamol (PA) molecule was studied using spectrophotometric technique. The oxidation constant (K_ox) of PA in the presence of different acids were determined. It was found that the K_oxis highly dependent on the concentration and strength of the acid. MNDO/3 calculations of the bond-order of PA showed that the lowest bond order for N-C14 in the neutral or the cationic forms of the PA molecule. These calculations indicate that the cleavage between N and C14 is the first stage to form acetic acid. The limit of detection can be as low as 0.755 ppm (mg L^-1) of PA. This is sensitive about two or four hundred times greater than the reported previously kinetic parameters for the oxidation of PA in strong acidic medium were computed. A good linearity (r = 0.9786) between the energy consumed during the oxidation of PA against concentration of PA at constant oxidant was obtained. Activation parameters for the oxidation process of PA have been computed and discussed.

6 illus, 5 tables, 23 ref

014063   Deshmukh M B;Suryavanshi A W;Jagtap S S; Deshmukh S A (Chemistry Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kilhapur-416 004, Email: m_deshmukh1@rediffmail.com) : Microwave assisted synthesis of 2,3,4-trisubstituted 1,2-dihydropyrimido-[1,2-a]benzimidazole. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 302-5.

A new methodology for the synthesis of 2,3,4-trisubstituted 1,2-dihydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole has been described. All the synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of IR, ¹H NMR and elemental analyses. Synthesized compounds exhibited moderate to good anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities.

^ssc1 sch, 3 tables, 6 ref

014062   Chattopadhyay F;Mallik A K (Chemistry Dep, Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata-700 032, Email: mallikak52@yahoo.co.in) : Sodium borohydride reduction of E-3-cinnamylideneflavanone in alcohols : formation of structurally interesting alkoxydienes. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 272-4.

Sodium borohydride reduction of E-3-cinnamylideneflavanone, separately in methanol and ethanol, gave alcohol dependent reduction products. A plausible mechanism for formation of the products has been suggested. Thermal [4+2]-cycloaddition of one of such products with N-phenylmaleimide was studied and in that reaction only one cycloaddition product could be isolated.

4 sch, 2 ref

014061   Chandra S;Jain D;Sarkar A;Anupama (Chemistry Dep, Zakir Husain College (University of Delhi), JLN Marg, New Delhi-110 002, Email: schandra_00@yahoo.com) : Spectroscopic studies and characterization of Ni^II and Cu^II comlexes with a nitrogen donor new azamacrocyclic ligand with pendent arms.. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 220-4.

The newly synthesisetd azamacrocyclic ligand L [2,6,12,16,21,22-hexaaza-3,4,5,13,14,15-hexamethyltricyclo-[15,3,1,17-11]-docasa-1(2,10,2,5,7,9,11(22), 12,15,17,19-decenc] was prepared by the reaction of 3-methyl-2,4-pentadione and 2,6-diaminopyridine. The complexes of Cu^II and Ni^II were synthesised with the new macrocyclic ligand. All the complexes were characterized by the molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements, mass, IR, electronic and EPR spectral studies. The molar conductance measurement of the complexes in DMF solution is corresponding to non-electrolytic nature. Thus these complexes may be formulated as [M(L)X₂] (where, M = Ni^II and Cu^II and X = Cl^- and NO₃^-]. On the basis of spectral studies, an octahedral geometry for Ni^II complexes and tetragonal for Cu complexes is assigned. The biological activity of the ligand and complexes were screened in vitro against different pathogenic fungi and several bacteria to study their comparative capacity to inhibit the growth.

4 illus, 2 tables, 27 ref

014060   Bhuvaneshwari D S;Elango K P (Chemistry Dep, Gandhigram Rural Univ, Gandhigram-624 302, Email: drkpelango@rediffmail.com) : Solvent hydrogen bonding and structural effects on nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. part-2 : reaction of benzenesulphonyl chloride with anilines in propan-2-ol/2-methylpropan-2-ol mixtures. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 233-41.

Substitution reactions of fourteen para- and weto-substituted anilines with benzenesulphonyl chloride in different mole fractions of propan-2-ol in 2-methylpropan-2-ol have been investigated conductometrically. The second order rate constants correlates satisfactorily with pK_a values of the anilines and also with the Hammett's substituent constant. The para-substituted anilines shows a satisfactory correlation with Charton's LDR equation. The results of these correlations indicate the formation of an electron deficient transition state. The rate data correlate satisfactorily with macroscopic solvent parameters such as relative permittivity, ε_r and polarity, E_T^N. Multiple correlation analysis of the rate data via Kamlet-Taft's solvatochromic parameters reveals that the solvent dipolarity/polarizability plays a dominant role in governing the reactivity.

5 illus, 7 tables, 22 ref

014059   Bhuaneswari D S;Elango K P (NO, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul-624 622, Email: drkpelango@rediffmail.com) : Solvent hydrogen bonding and structural influences on the Cr^VI oxidation of anilines in aqueous acetic acid medium.. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 242-9.

The oxidation of meta- and para-substituted anilines by CrVI oxidant, imidaxolium fluorochromate (IFC), in aqueous acetic acid mixtures of varying compositions in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTS) is first order in IFC and PTS. Michaelis-Menten type kinetics is observed with all of the anilines. The IFC oxidation of 15 meta- and para-substituted anilines at 299-322 K complies with the isokinetic relationship but not to any of the linear free energy relationships. The isokinetic temperature lies within the experimental range. The rate data failed to correlate with macroscopic solvent parameters such as relative permittivity, ε_r, and ionizing power, Y, correlation of rate data with Kamlet-Taft solvatochromic parameters (hydrogen bond donor acidity, a, hydrogen bond acceptor basicity, β, and dipolarity/polarizability, π*) is linear which suggests that the specific solute-solvent interactions play a dominating role in governing the reactivity.

2 illus, 4 tables, 25 ref

014058   Banerjee A;Banerjee K (Chemistry Dep, Dr. H. S. Gour Univ, Sagar-470 003) : Studies on non-traditional seed oil of Boswellia serrata. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 296-7.

The saponifiable part of the seed oil apart from usual fatty acids, contained two unusual fatty acids - which have been identified as methyl hexadecanoic (1) and octa decadienoic (2) acids, on the basis of mass spectral study of their piconyl ester derivatives. The unsaponifiable part contained stigmastadiene.

1 illus, 4 ref

014057   Banerjee A;Banerjee K (Chemistry Dep, Dr. H. S. Gour Univ, Sagar-470 003) : Studies on Phyllantus emblica seed oil. J Indian Chem Soc 2009, 86(3), 293-5.

GLC has been used to determine the fatty acid profile. The oils due to its saturated/unsaturated fatty acids combine and nutritional properties, have been tried for its possible utility in confectionary (chocolate making) as an alternative to traditional cocoa fat. ¹³C NMR has been used to evaluate the olefinic content of the seed oil. High temperature heating of the oil produces an aldehyde. Physico-chemical properties show variation after heat treatment.

^ssc4 illus, 12 ref

014056   Badgujar D M;Talawar M B;Asthana S N; Mahulikar P P (School of Chemical Sciences, North Maharashtra Univ, Jalgaon-425 001, Email: mahulikarpp@rediffmail.com) : Novel synthesis of biologically active nitro heterocyclic compounds. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(1), 54-7.

Different nitro heterocyclic compounds possessing diverse biological activity have been successfully synthesized by simple, rapid and environmentally benign method using bismuth nitrate supported on silica gel and were screened for their antimicrobial properties to set up the structure activity relationship.

2 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

014055   Aghera V K;Parsania P H (Chemistry Dep, Saurashtra Univ, Rajkot-360 005, Email: phparsania@aol.com) : Effect of substituents on thermal behavior of some symmetric double schiff's bases containing a cardo group. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(12), 1083-7.

Thermal behavior of symmetric double schiff 's bases containing cardo group has been studied by TGA and DSC techniques at 10 °C/min in nitrogen atmosphere. DSC transitions, thermal stability and kinetic parameters are affected by nature arid position of substituents. Schiff's bases are thermally stable between 173-272 °C and followed either a single step or two steps degradation (fractional or integral order). Different magnitudes of n, E and A suggested different degradation mechanisms. A large and negative magnitudes of "S" confirmed highly ordered transition state, while positive magnitudes of "S" confirmed less ordered transition state.

1 illus, 3 tables, 19 ref

013160   Zhang C F;Wang M;Wang L;Iinuma M;Zhang M;Xu L S;Wang Z T (Dep of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical Univ, Nanjing 210038, China) : Chemical constituents of Dendrobium gratiosissimum and their cytotoxic activities. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(6), 952-6.

Two new bibenzyl derivatives, named dengraols A 1 and B 2, are isolated from stems of Dendrobium gratiosissimum Rchb. (Orchidaceae), together with seven known compounds: 3,5,4'-trihydroxybibenzyl 3, 3.4'-dihydroxy- 5-methoxybibenzyl 4, 3, 4 -dihydroxy-5, 4' - dimethoxy bibenzyl 5. 3, 4' - dihydroxy - 4, 5, 3'-trimethoxybibenzyl (moscatilin) 6 and 5. 4'- dihydroxy -3, 3'-dimethoxybibenzyl (gigantol) 7, 5, 3', 4'-trihydroxy - 3- methoxy-bibenzyl (tristin) 8 and 5, 3'- dihydroxy- 3-methoxybibenzyl (batatasin III) 9. Among the isolated compounds, dengraols A 1 and B 2, moscatilin 6 and gigantol 7 showed inhibitory activity of proliferation on HL-60 cells with IC50 values at 2,1, 6,4, 0.082 and 10.6 μM, respectively.

1 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

013159   Xu R;Liu Y;Yuan K (Research and Development Center of Natural Medicine, Zhejiang Forestry Univ, Linan 311300, P.R. China, Email: yuan_ke001@163.com) : HS-SPME and SD extraction and analysis of volatile oil in Tridaxprocumbens.L by GC/MS. Res J Chem Envir 2008, 12(4), 19-23.

The essential oils were extracted from Tridaxprocumbens. L by Headspace-solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique and steam distillation(SD). The chemical constituents of essential oils separated were identified by GC/MS analysis, the relative content of the constituents from the essential oils were determined by area normalization method. There were 43 constituents which were separated and identified by Headspace-solid-phase micro-extraction, which accounted for over 99.59% of total essential oil fraction. There were 58 constituents which were separated and identified by steam distillation, which accounted for over 98.74% of total essential oil fraction. Headspace-solid-phase microextraction technique has the advantages of fast extraction speed, It is simple, inexpensive and solvent-free. HS-SPME integrates extraction clean-up, concentration and GC injection ioto a single step when compared with steam distillation method. HS-SPME is a powerful tool for determining the volatile constituents present in the TCMs.

2 illus, 2 tables, 6 ref

013158   Xiong C (Applied Chemistry Dep, Zhejiang Gongshang Univ, Hangzhou, 310035, China, Email: xiongch@163.com) : Sorption behaviour of D 155 resin for Ce(III). Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(9), 1377-80.

The sorption of Ce(III) by DI55 resin is reported here. The effect of pH on the sorption of Ce(III), the sorption capacity of the resin, the isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics have been investigated by the sorption-desorption method. The sorption mechanism is also proposed. The sorption is spontaneous and endothermic under the examined conditions.

2 tables, 19 ref

013157   Walwil Abdalla M (Chemistry Dep, Arab American Univ-Jenin, Palestine, Email: awalwil@hotmail.com) : Synthesis of N-[5-(guanidinopentyl)-N-[3-methyl-1-oxo-2 butenyl) amino] propyldodecanamide. Res J Chem Envir 2008, 12(4), 70-5.

Scheme 1 is the proposed synthesis of the fatty acyl amide, compound (1). The starting material 5-aminopentanol (2) can be converted to (3) through the conjugate addition of the substrate acrylonitrile, Alkanoylation, Friedel-Crafts Acylation, of the secondary amine produces (4). Reduction of (4) using the lithium aluminum hydride - cobaltous chloride mixture gives (5). Acylation of (5) by 3,3-dimethylacryloyl chloride yields (6). Tosylation of the primary alcohol(6) affords (7) which can be guanidinylated to produce (1).

17 ref

013156   Vyas V (Thermo-Acoustics Research Laboratory, Chemistry Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-221 002, Email: vimlavyas@rediffmail.com) : Viscous flow mechanism in multi component liquid systems: a review of statistical thermodynamic models. Int J pure appl Chem 2007, 2(2), 167-73.

Reviews the statistical thermodynamic models used for the prediction and correlation of viscosity for pure component liquids and multi component liquid systems. The models reviewed were chosen because they are well known, applied and accepted or appear potentially promising. Recently developed viscosity model and Flory's statistical theory has been applied for the prediction of viscosity of three ternary liquid systems containing n-Alkanes, which are best suited for practical engineering use. Newly developed viscosity model, which is based on statistical thermodynamics, local compositions and Eyring's absolute rate theory, gives better results in comparison to Flory's statistical theory. The applicability and average deviations for these two methods have been discussed, with the recommended methods identified.

5 tables, 51 ref

013155   Vommina V S;Rao V (Peptide Research Laboratory. Dep of Studies in Chemistry, Central College Campus. Bangalore Univ, Dr B R Ambedkar Veedhi, Bangalore-560 001, Email: hariccb@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis of ureidopeptides using pentafluorophenyl carbamates from N-fmoc-peptide acids. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(6), 910-15.

Highly active and shelf stable pentafluoro phenol derived Fmoc-peptidyl carbamates have been synthesized from corresponding Fmoc-peptidyl isocyanates. The utility of pentafluorophenyi carbamate intermediates has been demonstrated by the synthesis of tri, penta and hexapeptidyl ureas which are obtained in good yields. All the synthesised compounds have been characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and mass spectroscopy. The coupling reaction using pentafluorophenyl carbamates to insert urea bond between α amino acids is fast, clean and high yielding.

3 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

013154   Vommina V S;Narendra N; (Dep of Studies in Chemistry. Central College Campus. Dr B R Ambedkar V, Bangalore Univ, angalore-560 001, Email: hariccb@rediffmail.com) : Pentafluorophenyl-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)methylcarbamates: Synthesis, isolation and application to the synthesis of ureidopeptides. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(6), 1 illus, 1 tabl.

The one-pot synthesis of pentafluorophenyl-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)methyl carbamates starting from N-Boc amino acids is described. Ultrasound mediated concomitant rearrangement and coupling reactions have resulted in the production of good yields of the active methyl carbamates. The carbamates have been employed as monomeric building blocks for the synthesis of dipeptidyl urea esters/acids. All the compounds obtained have been fully characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and mass spectroscopy.

1 illus, 1 table, 38 ref

013153   Vijaya Kumar P;Manoher Reddy K;Rajeswar Rao V (Chemistry Dep, National Institute of Technology, Warangal-506 004, Email: vrajesw@yahoo.com) : Synthesis of some 7-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-5H[1,3]thiazole[3,2-1]-pyrimidin-5- ones. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(5), 759-63.

Reaction of 3-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)coumarins with ethyl acetoacetate in a mixture of PPA and POCl₃ give 7-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-ones in a single step. Alternatively condensation of 3-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)coumarins 1 with acetoacetic ester (EAA) 2 results in the formation of Schiff bases 3a-g. These on further reaction with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) and phosphorus oxychloride (POCl₃) give corresponding cyclised compounds. 7-methyl-3-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-5H[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-o nes 4a-g. The structures of newly prepared compounds have been confirmed from analytical and spectral data.

1 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref

013152   Verma K K;Seema;Chhabra S (Chemistry Dep, Maharshi Dayanand Univ, Rohtak, Haryana, Email: vermakk123@rediffmail.com ) : Snnthesis and characterization of ethylenediamine complexes of some aryltellurium trihalides. Int J chem Sci 2008, 6(1), 59-67.

The synthesis and structural features of some newly synthesized ethylenediamine complexes of aryltellurium trihalides, RTeX₃. EN (R = phenyl, p-anisyl, p-hydroxyphenyl and 3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl; X = Cl, Br, I) are reported. The complexes have been subjected to elemental analyses, conductance measurements, molecular weight determination, infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectral studies. Solution studies reveal their non - electrolyte or weak-electrolyte type behaviour. Spectral studies indicate the linkage of bidentate ethylenediamine molecule to the tellurium atom through the nitrogen atoms; thus, making it hexacoordinated.

3 tables, 29 ref

013151   Verma K K;Seema (Chemistry Dep, Maharshi Dayanand Univ, Rohtak-124 001, Email: vermakk123@rediffmail.com) : Study on picoline complexes of p-hydroxyphenyltellurium (IV) trihalides. Int J chem Sci 2008, 6(1), 371-80.

Eighteen new complexes of p-hydroxphenyltellurium trihalides, p-HOC₆H₄TeX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) with α-, β- and γ-picolines, RTeX₃. Pic and RTeX₃. 2 Pic, have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, conductance, cryoscopy, infrared and proton magnetic resonance studies. Conductance measurements in nitrobenzene, acetone and acetonitrile predict their non-electrolyte to 1 : 1 electrolyte type behaviour in solution, which is well supported by cryoscopic studies in nitrobenzene. Spectral studies indicate the linkage of picoline molecules to the tellurium atom of hydroxyphenyltellurium group through the nitrogen atom. Square-pyramidal and octahedral structures have been suggested for RTeX₃. Pic and RTeX₃ 2Pic, respectively.

3 tables, 22 ref

013150   Veeraiah T;Sondu S (Chemistry Dep, University College of Science, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 007) : Ru (III) catalysed oxidation of diacetone alcohol by acid bromate : a kinetic study. Int J chem Sci 2008, 6(2), 949-58.

The kinetics of Ru (III) catalysed oxidation of diacetone alcohol (DAA) by acid bromate has been studied in aqueous H₂SO₄ medium and the reaction was found to be first order each in [BrCV] and [Ru (III)] and fractional order in [DAA]. The order in [HT] was found to be unity. From the effect of [H⁺], [KC1], [C1O₄] and [HOAc] on rate, HBrO₃ is established as the reactive species. The products of the oxidation were identified as acetone, acetic acid and formic acid. A mechanism involving a complex formation between DAA and Ru (III) in a fast equilibrium step followed by the oxidation of this complex by Br (V) in a slow step has been proposed.

2 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

013149   Vaya D;Benjamin S;Sharma V K;Ameta S C (Photochemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Dep, College of Science Univ, M.L. Sukhadia Univ, Udaipur-313 002, Email: dipticharu@yahoo.com) : Effect of transition metal ions doping on ZnS for eosin Y degradation. Int J pure appl Chem 2008, 3(1), 27-32.

The effect of transition metal ions such as V (II), Cr (IV), Mn (II), Fe (III), Co (HI), Ni (II) and Cu (II) doped ZnS has been investigated for photocatalytic bleaching of eosin Y. Doped samples were synthesized by stirring and microwave methods. The effect of concentration of dopants on the rate of photocatalytic bleaching of dye has also been observed. The rate of photocatalytic bleaching of dye increases with increasing the concentration of dopant up to a certain limit with all these metal ions, but decreases after further concentration of dopants. A tentative mechanism has been proposed.

12 tables, 23 ref

013148   Vasanth Kumar N;Mashelkar U C (Organic Research Laboratory, SS & LS Patkar College, S V Road, Goregaon (West), Mumbai-400 062, Email: vknalam@yahoo.com) : Synthesis of some novel 1,2,4-triazolo [4,3-a]2H-pyrano [3,2-e] pyridine derivatives. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(5), 764-6.

Substituted 2H-pyrano[3, 2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine 3a-f and 4a-b have been prepared starting from 5-methyl-6-cyano-7-hydrazino-2-oxo-2H-pyrano[2,3-b] pyridine-3-carboxylic acid 2. The compound 2 is prepared by reacting ethyl-5-methyl-6-cyano-7-chloro-2-oxo-2H-pyrano [2, 3-6]pyridine-3-carboxylate 1 with hydrazine hydrate at room temperature with good yield. Condensation of 2 with acids results in the formation of 1-substituted 2H-pyrano[3,2-e][ 1.2.4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine (3a-f), further the hydrazine derivative 2 has been transformed to 1-aryl-2H-pyrano[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridine (4a-b). These compounds arc expected to have antihypertensive activity.

1 sheet, 15 ref

013147   Tiwari M (Chemistry Dep, R.R. College, Alwar, Rajasthan) : Synthesis and characterisation of sulphones derived from Isatin, tijazoloindole and indophenazines. Int J chem Sci 2008, 6(2), 812-24.

The synthesis of heteroaryl sulphones of the type Ar-SO₂ - Hetry¹ has been reported in which the hetry¹ part is represented by isatin, triazoloindole and indophenazine derivatives The key step in the synthesis of sulphones involve the rearrangement of the aryl sulphonyl derivatives to the corresponding sulphones. Structures of all the compounds were established on the basis of elemental and spectral analysis.

1 illus, 5 tables, 23 ref

013146   Temerk Y M;Kamal M M;Ibrahim M S;Alnozilil M S;Alhagri I A (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Assiut Univ, Assiut 71516, Egypt, Email: Temerk44@yahoo.com) : Differential pulse cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetric determination of the antibacterial difloxacin. Int J pure appl Chem 2008, 3(1), 49-56.

The adsorption and interfacial behaviour of difloxacin at a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) were studied using out-of-phase and cyclic voltammetry. The results show that difloxacin was strongly adsorbed at HMDE surface, which is the prerequisite step for applying adsorptive stripping voltammetry. A simple, rapid, reliable and fully validated differential pulse cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetric procedure has been developed for the determination of the antibacterial difloxacin in bulk form and human urine. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) for ultratrace determination of difloxacin were calculated as 7.57 10¹⁰ and 2.52 10^-9 mol l^-1, at the optimized conditions. The degree of interference from coexisting metal ions and some organic compounds on the adsorptive reduction signal for difloxacin was evaluated.

5 illus, 3 tables, 35 ref

013145   Tandel R C;Mammen D (Chemistry Ddp. Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao Univ of Baroda, Vadodara-390 002, Email: tandelcy@yahoo.com) : Synthesis and study of some compounds containing oxazolone ring, showing biological activity. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(6), 932-7.

Synthesis of the oxazolone ring has been performed by the condensation of 4-substituted alkoxy benzoyl glycine with appropriate 4-substituted alkoxy benzaldehyde. in the presence of acetic anhydride and anhydrous sodium acetate. The antibacterial activity has been checked against Micrococcus leteus and Escherichic coli and antifungal activity against Alternaria alternate and Phoma multirostata for all the compounds. The cytotoxicity has been checked against the monocots barley seeds. Hordeum vulgare L. and dicots moong seeds; Phaseolus aureus. The compounds having cleaver, releasing, group exhibit antibacterial activity. Compounds with nitro group cause total inhibition of seed germination, exhibiting cytotoxic behaviour. The structures 01 the synthesized compounds have been characterized by elements analysis and special data and the purity of the compounds has been checked by PLC method.

1 illus, 3 tables, 14 ref

013144   Swami M B;Akusar S K (NO, B.S. College, Basmath, Dist.-Hingoli, Maharashtra) : Mixed ligand complex formation of Cu (II) with propiophenone derivatives and amino acids. Int J chem Sci 2008, 6(1), 87-93.

Equilibrium studies on the formation of binary M-L and ternary M-L-B complexes, where M = Cu and L = 5-Cl 2-hydroxy propiophenone and 2-hydroxy propiophenone as primary ligand and amino acids as secondary ligands have been studied potentiometrically by Irving-Rossotti technique in 60% (v/v) ethanol. water medium at 25 ± 0.1°C and at constant 0.1M NaClO₄ ionic strength. All the ligands forms 1:1:1 ternary complexes. The relative stability of ternary complexes expressed in terms of statistical parameter Δlog k and negative Δlog k values suggest that the formation of ternary complexes are favorable and variation of Δlog k has been explained in terms of metal-ligand-π interaction size of chelate ring and steric factors.

2 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref

013143   Surya Prakash Rao S (Chemistry Dep, Pondicherry Univ, Puducherry-605 014, Email: hspr.che@pondiuni.edu.in) : Synthesis of 4-methylene-2-(l-nitromethylidene)-1,3-dithiolane and 4-methyl-2-(1-nitromethylidene)-1.3-dithiole from dipotassium 2-nitro-1, 1-ethylenedithiolate. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(2), 272-5.

The reaction of dipotassium 2-nitro-1,1-ethylenedithiolate 1 with propargyl bromide has provided isomeric 4-methylene-2-(1-nitromethylidene)-l,3-dithiolane 4 and 4-methyl-2-( 1-nitromethylidene)-1,3-dithiole 6 via novel mono-alkylation-cyclization.

3 sch, 5 ref