005731   Ranjan S K;Alok Kumar;Singh S;Indu Kumari; Singh S P (Botany Dep, V.K.S. University, Ara-802 301) : Effect of pre-harvest seedborne fungi of paddy var. sita on total chlorophyll and total soluble sugar content of the seedling. Modern J Life Sci 2009, 8(1-2), 55-60.

On storing paddy var. Sita seeds with 15 spp. of pre-harvest seedborne fungi at 70% RH for 20 days at 30±1<144>

3 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref

005730   Rai M;Biswas G;Acharya K (Botany Dep, Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Calcut, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal-700 019, Email: krish_paper@yahoo.com) : Comparative evaluation of pharmacognostic profile of four nutritionally and medicinally important wild mushrooms. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 85-92.

Compounds derived from certain medicinal mushrooms are used extensively in the Orient to increase disease resistance and to normalize body functions. The pharmacognostic profile of four wild edible mushrooms Armillaria mellea Quel., Fistulina hepatica (Hunds Fr.), Polyporus grammocephalus (Berk.), Ramaria botrytis (Fr.) Ricken. were evaluated. These studies include macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, physical constant values, extractive values, preliminary phytochemical testing, fluorescence characteristics and behavioural characteristics with different chemical reagents of powdered fruit body. The identification of the mushroom at powdered condition is almost impossible. So, the aggregated data from the above mentioned experiments give a clear cut picture at the powdered state which ultimately helps in identification and purity assessment.

4 tables, 13 ref

005729   Radhakrishnan S;Bhavan P S;Vijayan P;Kannan S;Karpagam S (Zoology Dep, Bharathiar Univ, Coimbatore-641 046, Email: bhavanps@yahoo.co.in) : Assessment of phytoplankton population in a pond water. Res Envir Life Sci 2009, 2(2), 77-82.

The phytoplankton population in relation to physicochemical parameters of Muthannankulam pond, at Coimbatore was studied for a period of six months (November, 2007-April, 2008) during winter and summer season in order to understand its suitability for inland aquaculture of fishes. The physico-chemical parameters of the pond water were as given below. Temperature was measured between 26-31oC. The pH was in the range of 6.8-7.6. The salinity falls between 0.2-0.7 ppt. The electrical conductivity was ranged between 381-565 mics cm^-1. The total dissolved solid was recorded between 266-396 mg L^-1. The level of dissolved oxygen was in the range of 5.5-7.7 mg L^-1. The total alkalinity was observed between 129-220 mg L^-1. The total hardness was measured between 147-187 mg L^-1with calcium and magnesium levels of 10-48 mg L^-1 and 7-37 mg L^-1 respectively. The level of iron was between 0.7-2.5 mg L^-1. The level of chloride was observed between 25.00-36.00 mg L^-1. The levels of nitrite and nitrate were recorded between 0.15-0.22 mg L^-1and 8-10 mg L^-1 respectively. The content of free ammonia was found to be present in the range of 0.14-1.35 mg L^-1. The concentration of fluoride was noted between 0.2-0.4 mg L^-1. The levels of sulphate and phosphate were recoded between 11-26 mg L^-1 and 0.03-0.06 mg L^-1. All these parameters were fall with in desirable/permissible limits. The total density of phytoplankton was observed between 1756-7337 with an overall mean average of 4292. The phytoplankton population was positively correlated with physico-chemical parameter, such as temperature, salinity, free ammonia, sulphate and phosphate, while it was negatively correlated with other parameters. In the present study, four families of phytoplankton, such as Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Myxophyceae and Euglenineae were observed. Among these Chlorophyceae remains dominant throughout the study period followed by Bacillariophyceae, Myxophyceae and Euglenineae. The Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae populations suggest good productivity of the pond. Thus, the pond may be suitable for inland aquaculture of fishes if it is managed properly.

005728   Pangtey Y P S;Tewari L M;Upreti K (Botany Dep, Kumaun Univ, Nainital-263 002) : Selaginella repanda (DESV. expoir.) spring (Selaginellaceae: Pteridophyta): a new record for north west Himalaya from Nainital. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 613-14.

The present finding of Selaginella repanda (Devs. ex Poir.) Spring (Selaginellaceae : Pteridophyta) is a new record is briefly described alongwith the voucher specimens examined has been given to facilitate the easy identification in the field.

4 ref

005727   Pangrikar P P;Gadgile D P;Chavan A M (Botany Dep, Seed Pathology and Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr. Babasaheb Ambe, Aurangabad-431004, Email: ram_mango@yahoo.com) : Phyllosphere fungal diversity and their percent frequency from different stages of leaves of Bt and non-Bt cotton Mallika variety. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 43-5.

Deals with the study of fungal population and frequency of several species of phyllosphere fungi from different stages of leaves of Bt and non-Bt cotton cv Mallika. Nineteen fungi were isolated from Bt and non- Bt cotton of Rashi-2 variety. It was found that developmental stages of leaves showed variation in phyllosphere mycoflora at young, mature and senescent stage of leaves.

1 table, 3 ref

005726   Pande H C;Brijesh Kumar (Botanical Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre, Dehra Dun-248 195) : Addition to the fern flora of Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 647-8.

Deals with 27 species, which are additions to the fern flora of Pauri district of Uttarakhand state. Each species in provided with correct botanical name and the basionym (if any). Nomenclature has been made up to date.

19 ref

005725   Padma Kumar;Bhadauria S (Laboratory of Tissue Culture and Secondary Metabolites, Botany Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004, Email: godgift1955@yahoo.co.in) : Antibiotic nature of an alkaloid and flavonoids from Solanum dulcamara L.. Res Envir Life Sci 2009, 2(1), 11-12.

The alkaloid b-solamarine (mp 2500 C) from Solanum dulcamara Linn have shown pronounced activity against selected fungi (Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, Microsporum gypseum and Candida albicans) and crude flavonoids have shown activity against bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogens, Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus). Free flavonoids were found active against P. mirabilis and Staphylococcus aureus but no activity was observed against E. coli and E. aerogens. However bound flavonoids were found active against all the four bacteria tested. Maximum amount of alkaloid was isolated from roots (0.032 mg g-1 dry wt), followed by stem (0.027 mg g-1 dry wt), leaves (0.022 mg g-1 dry wt), flowers (0.005 mg g-1 dry wt) and berries (0.001 mg g-1 dry wt).

005724   Misra S;Tandon P K;Mishra K (Botany Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: shailly_misra@yahoo.com) : Growth and metabolism in response to Ni exposure by Cicer arietinum L. (Gram) plants. Res Envir Life Sci 2010, 3(1), 13-16.

Effects of nickel on the growth and metabolism of gram were studied in the seedlings of gram (Cicer arietinum L.). The plants were exposed to different concentrations of nickel (0.25,0.50 and 1.0 mM) and selected parameters of growth and metabolism were followed. Excess supply of nickel resulted in the induction of toxicity symptoms and overall reduction in growth of plants. The root length (4.50,4.10 and 3.79 cm ), shoot length (16.00,14.00 and 10.16 cm), fresh weight (2.75, 2.10 and 1.55 g) and dry weight (0.23,0.20 and 0.16 g) showed reduction at 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 mM nickel concentration respectively. The chlorophyll content as found decreased (1.52,1.35 and 0.92 mg g-1 FW) at 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 mM nickel concentration compared to the control levels. Total protein (5.14, 3.36 and 2.37 % FW ) and sugar (27.50,17.50 and 7.50 mg g-1 )content were reduced at increasing doses of nickel (0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 mM ). However, the activity of enzymes, catalase (10.85, 22.28 and 36.91 m mole H2O2 split mg-1 protein) and peroxidase (3.57, 7.28 and 10.97 units mg^-1 protein) were increased with increasing concentration of nickel (0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 mM ) in comparison to the control levels.

005723   Maury A N;Singh H K;Singh A K;Swarup R;Singh Y P (Botany and Environment Sciences Dep, D.S. (P.G.) College, Aligarh-202 001) : Seed sonication: an effective biotechnical device in promoting growth and agronomic yield of yellow mustard (Brassica campestris L.). Modern J Life Sci 2009, 8(1-2), 25-8.

Plant drymatter and seed yield linearly increased to significant levels in the mustard plants raised from the water-soaked seeds irradiated with the ultrasonic waves (2MHz) of different timings. There was four-fold increase in the seed yield of plants obtained from the water-soaked sonicated seeds (ST₅). The plants established from Zn-soaked seeds sonicated to 4 minutes (ST₄) were fruitful to lower extent enhancing the seed yield upto 98.6 percent.

1 table, 5 ref

005722   Lankinen A (Ecology Dep, Plant Ecology and Systematics Div, Lund Univ, Ecology Building, Lund Sweden-223 62, Email: asa.lankinen@ckol.lu.se) : Upper petal lip colour polymorphism in Colinsia heterophylla (Plantaginaceae): genetic basis within a population and its use as a genetic marker. J Genet 2009, 88(2), 205-15.

Understanding the genetics of a polymorphic trait is important to predict its likely evolution. In Collinsia heterophylla, the upper petal lip colour can be either be white or white with a purple band, while the lower petal lip colour is invariably purple. Because the corolla is only partly polymorphic, the polymorphism can not have evolved due to a mutation where a pigment was lost in the entire plant, which is common in other polymorphic species. In a previous study, high frequency of the purple band was found in populations with darker flowers, indicating possible selection for this trait. In this study, I determined inheritance of the colour polymorphism using two populations (one with only white morph and other with both morphs). I conducted experimental crosses within and between floral morphs to determine whether patterns of segregation in offspring conform to single-gene predictions. Data from F₁, F₂, F₃ and backcross progeny are consistent with a genetic model of one major locus with presence of the band being completely dominant, as indicated in earlier studies using distantly related populations. A novel finding in this study was that the two morphs did not show a difference in seed germination frequency or seedling survival. This trait can thus be valuable as a genetic marker. Even though more thorough ecological data are needed to understand the potential selection pressures on upper petal lip colour in C. heterophylla, its simple inheritance may indicate the possibility of fast evolutionary response to selective forces acting on this trarit.

2 illus, 3 tables, 57 ref

005721   Kushwaha S;Kanaujia A;Basu D (Zoology Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226007, Email: kanaujia.amita@gmail.com) : Nature's scavengers: vultures. Res Envir Life Sci 2009, 2(4), 185-92.

The current status of vultures once again highlights the results of human follies. It is evident that the Asian vultures are disappearing faster than the dodo-and like them a victim of human activities. The toll on the vultures has been enormous. Mortalities have been recorded across many parts of India, Pakistan and lowland Nepal. They are vanishing from Indian skies at an alarming pace due to a number of reasons. Diclofenac, a widely used medicine for both humans and livestock of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory group of drugs (NSAIDS) has been identified as the main culprit for the vulture toll. The Indian Government banned Diclofenac in March 2006. A number of captive breeding centers are being established in India and other countries for the endangered species.

005720   Kavitha P;Kasinathan P (Botany and Microbiology Dep, A.V.V.M Sri Pushpam College, Poondi-613 503) : Characterization of Rhizobium phaseoli from Vigna mungo. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 39-41.

Rhizobium is a genus of soil bacteria which specifically nodulate legume roots forming a nitrogen fixing root nodule symbiosis. The development of this symbiosis mechanism has a major importance in agriculture specially in nitrogen-deficient environments. The diversity of indigenous Rhizobium phaseoli was assessed using different characterization techniques, such as intrinsic antibiotic resistance patterns (IAR) and plasmid profiles. Three Dominant groups of strains with plasmid profiles and IAR patterns were used for Rhizobium pheseoli diversity.

2 tables, 8 ref

005719   Karamchand K S;Sridhar K R (Microbioogy and Biotechnoogy, Biosciences Dep, Mangalore Univ, Mangalogangotri, Mangalore-574 199) : Cumulospora mangrovei-a new species of hyphomycete from the mangroves of Nethravathi, Southwest India. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 615-18.

The current study describnes a new anamoraph species Cumulospora mangrove grown as decomposing entuarine sedge Cyperus malaccensis Lam. at the Nethravathi mangroveb near Mangalore, Karnataka.

1 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

005718   Kandwal M K;Gupta B K (Botany Dep, D. A. V. (P.G.) College, Dehra Dun, Uttarakhand) : Update on grass flora of Uttarakhand. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 657-68.

129 genera and 475 species of grasses have been listed from Uttarakhand on the basis of literature and specimens preserved in DD, BSD, LWG BSA, CAL besides Herbaria of D.A.V. College, Dehra Dun, GUH. Srinagar, Garhwal, KUH, Nainital, GBPHRI. Almora, CDRI and CIMAP, Lucknow.

6 tables, 50 ref

005717   John De Britto A;Nirmal Kumar N;Simanek V; Kosina P (Plant Molecular Biology Research Unit, PG and Research Plant Biology and Biotechnology Dep, St. Xavier's Coll, Palayamkottai-627 002, Email: bjohnde@yahoo.co.in) : Chemo and genetic profiling of Rouvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz populations in tirunelveli hills in south India. J med aromatic Pl Sci 2009, 31(1), 21-4.

Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz was collected from ten locations in Tirunelveli hills and the genetic variability was investigated using RAPD fingerprint and the population which showed high percentage of polymorphism was selected. Those populations were chosen for further phytochemical analysis. The active principle in these plants was quantified by HPLC analysis. The population which exhibited both high percentage of polymorphism and high amount of active principle is considered to be the superior genotype.

5 tables, 7 ref

005716   Jagadesh Ram T A M;Sinha G P (Botanical Survey of India, Central Regional Centre, Allahabad-211 002) : New records of lichenized and non-lichenized ascomycete from India. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 635-40.

Presents the occurrence of seven species of lichenized Ascomycetes: Chapsa pseudophlyctis (Nyl.) A. Frisch, Fissurina elaiocarpa (A.W. Archer) A.W. Archer. Helminthocarpon leprevostii Fee, Lithothelium illotum (Nyl.) Aptroot, Myriotrema subminutum Homchantara & Coppins, Polymeridium catapastum (Nyl.) R.C. Harris and Trypethelium ceylonicum Makhija & Patw. and one species of non-lichenized Ascomycetes: Mycomicrothelia minutula (Zahlbr.) D. Hawksw. All of these are recorded for the first time from India.

16 illus, 9 ref

005715   Indu Kumari;Mukul Kumar;Alok Kumar;Ranjan S K;Singh S;Singh S P (Botany Dep, S.N.S.R.K.S. College, Saharsa-852 201) : Biochemical changes in bottle gourd fruit due to Fusarium moniliforme during storage. Modern J Life Sci 2009, 8(1-2), 49-54.

With the increase in incubation period, starch content decreased in bottle gourd fruit due to Fusarium moniliforme. Extremely tardy rate of decrease was recorded in the control. Total soluble sugar increased up to 10th day and declined on the 15th day while slow and gradual decrease was observed in the control. Glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose were detected in normal fruit. Glucose and maltose increased on the 5th day due to inoculation and remained unchanged in the control. An oligosaccharide appeared due to the fungus. Maltose decreased on the 10th day besides appearance of a second oligosaccharide. All the sugars were absent in the inoculated fruit except maltose and two oligosaccharide on the 15th day. Gradual increase of total free amino acid was recorded due to the fungus and reverse was the trend in the control. Iso-leucine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, arginine and histodine were more in the said fruit while valine, alanine and phenylalanine were less. Citric, succinic, malic and oxalic acid in the fruit were less due to inoculation. The activity of pyruvic and α-ketoglutaric acid dehydrogenase was more in the inoculated fruit.

3 tables, 21 ref

005714   Hatti A D;Pangrikar P P;Chavan A M (Botany Dep, Seed Pathology and Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr. Babasaheb Ambe, Aurangabad-431 004, Email: hatti_amit@yahoo.in) : Effect of different nutritional media on characteristics of Aspergillus flavus causing blackening of sesame (Sesamum indicum). Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 77-8.

In present research Aspergillus flavus isolated from Sesame (Sesamum indicum), was grown on different agar media as Potato dextrose agar, Czapek Dox agar, Richard's agar, Beef extract agar, Nutrient agar and Glucose nitrate agar and broths like potato dextrose broth, Czapek Dox broth, Richard's broth, Beef extract broth, nutrient broth and Glucose nitrate broth. It was found that on PDA A. flavus showed significant maximum growth, while on Beef extract agar, the growth was significantly reduced. Glucose nitrate agar, Czapek Dox agar media allowed moderate growth of A. flavus. Potato dextrose broth and Czapek Dox broth significantly favors maximum mycelial growth as well as sporulation of Aspergillus flavus. Nutrient broth and beef extract broth were found to be least favourable for mycelial growth and sporulation.

2 tables, 3 ref

005713   Hassan T;Dar G H (Botany Dep, Kashmir Hazratbal Univ, Srinagar-190 006, Email: hassantauheeda@yahoo.co.in) : Nutlet anatomy of genus Nepeta in Kashmir Himalaya. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 47-52.

Nutlet anatomy of 10 species in the genus Nepeta were studied by light as well as scanning electron microscopy. Myxocarpy was found in almost all species. It is noteworthy that the pericarp anatomy of Nepeta are unique and are well distinguished from the other genera in the tribe Mentheae. We also found some groups of species within the genus Nepeta by the present nutlet anatomical data that appear to be useful as diagnostic characteristics for delineation purposes at specific levels.

1 table, 23 ref

005712   Gupta B;Pathak G C;Pandey D K;Pandey N (Botany Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: nalini_pandey@rediffmail.com) : Responses of antioxidative defense system to water stress in two black gram genotypes. Res Envir Life Sci 2009, 2(2), 115-18.

The aim of the study was to evaluate oxidative stress and plant antioxidant system of two black gram varieties (Vigna mungo L.) in response to water stress. Water stress was imposed 20 days after emergence by withholding supply till 8 days. Water stress increased H2O2, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), electrolyte leakage (EC), proline and ascorbic acid (Asc) concentration in leaves of stressed plants, but decreased chlorophyll (Chl), relative water content (RWC) and stomatal opening. Water stress increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR). Var. DPU-88-31 showed lower decline in Chl, RWC, and increase in H2O2, TBARS, EC, proline and ascorbate contents and higher increase in SOD, APX and GR as compared to var. IPU-94-1.

005711   Gupta A K;Saini R K;Gupta M M;Verma R K; Krishna Alok (NO, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow-226 015) : Genetic variation for xanthophyll content in African marigold (Tagetes erecta) germplasm. J med aromatic Pl Sci 2009, 31(1), 33-8.

A total of 50 germplasm accessions of Tagetes erecta (African marigold) available in "National Gene Bank of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants" at CIMAP and originally collected from different sources/geographical regions of India were evaluated for genetic variation in their xanthophyll content and other morphological traits. Large variation was observed for morphological and chemical parameters among the accessions. Plant height was ranging from 38 cm to 123 cm. Considerable variation was noted for primary (2-25) and secondary (24-82) branches. Flower diameter was maximum in CIM TE17-3(14.0 cm) and minimum in CIM TE9-3 (4.5 cm). Capitulum's width ranges from 1.0-2.5 cm. Content of Xanthophyll (%) was calculated on the basis of helianin content and was varying from 0.059 to 2.06 % on dry weight basis. Significant positive association was found between plant height and primary branches (0.61), primary and secondary branches (0.34), flower diameter and capitulum width (0.45), helianin and xanthophylls (0.96). On the basis of Nei's similarity matrix a dendrogram was prepared and 50 germplasm accessions were classified into five major clusters. Largest cluster was the cluster II with twenty five accessions showing more than 90 % similarity among the accessions, second largest cluster was cluster V with twelve accessions with more than 95% similarity followed by cluster I containing nine and Cluster IV with three accessions indicating nearly 95% similarity. Principal component analysis identified three main components on the basis of characters included in the study.

2 illus, 5 tables, 24 ref

005710   Gunjan;Roy B K;Anuj Kumar (Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Email: kmgunjan16@gmail.com) : Comparative study of chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in control and colchicine induced polyploids of Aloe. Modern J Life Sci 2009, 8(1-2), 1-4.

Aloe is the one of the most important medicinal plant and belongs to family Aloaceae. The effect of colchicine induced polyploids of A. vera, A. indica and A. ferox on the amount of chlorophyll and carotenoid was assessed through Arnon method. The increase in the amount of chlorophyll and carotenoid has been observed with the gradual increase in colchicine treatment. The highest increase of 2.5 folds in chlorophyll as well as carotenoid was reported in A. indica as compared to basal level. In case of A. vera and A. ferox increase in chlorophyll and carotenoid amount was about 2 folds and found significant (p<62>0.05).

1 illus, 17 ref

005709   Ginwal H S;Mittal N;Barthwal S (Genetics and Tree Propagation Div, Forest Research Institute, P.O. IPE, Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun-248 195, Email: ginwalhs@icfre.org) : Development and characterization of polymorphic chloroplast microsatellite markers in sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.). Indian J Genet Pl Breed 2009, 69(3), 256-9.

^ssc1 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

005708   Ginwal H S;Bisht P;Chauhan P;Maurya S S; Barthwal S (Genetics and Tree Propagation, Forest Research Institute, POIPE, Kaulagarh Road, Dehradun-248 195, Email: ginwalhs@icfre.org) : Genetic relationship between three Himalayan pines of Indian occurrence. Indian J Genet Pl Breed 2009, 69(1), 81-3.

^ssc2 illus, 11 ref

005707   Fazal M;Bhat M Y (Botany Dep, S. Sinha College, Aurangabad-824 101) : Effect of Meloidogyne indognita race-1 on growth parameters and biochemical changes in mungbean. Modern J Life Sci 2009, 8(1-2), 75-8.

Examines the effect of different inoculum levels of Meloidogyne indognita race-1 on plant growth, nodule formation, population build-up of nematode, leghaemoglobin contents, bacteroids and nitrogenase activity in nodules of mungbean (Vigna radiata). Meloidogyne indognita race-1 subdued the growth of nodule development, leghaemoglobin, bacteroids and nitrogenase activity in nodules. Nodules were formed on galls and mature females, juveniles and egg masses were also detected in nodules. An initial inoculum level of 1000J₂/kg soil was found to be the damaging threshold level of nematode.

2 tables, 19 ref

005706   Dey S;Prasanna P V (Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah-711 103) : Exclusion of Schoenus nigricans L., Rhynchospora triflora Vahl, Scleria foliosa Hochst., & Scleria reticulata (Holtt.) Kern (Cyperaceae) from flora of India. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 685-6.

The distribution of Rhvnchospora triflora Vahl, Schoenus nigricans L. Scleria floiasa Hochst. ex A. Pich. and Scleria reticulate (Holtt.) Kern is discussed in this commnnication.

14 ref

005705   Dey M;Singh D;Singh D K (Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah-711 103) : Some new and noteworthy records of Hepaticae from eastern Himalaya, India. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 669-84.

Fifty one taxa of liverworts, belonging to 20 genera and 13 families, have been recorded from Eastern Himalaya, India. Of these, Herbertus armitanus (Steph.) H.A.Mill., H. longispinus J.B. Jack & Steph., Lejeunea sordida (Nees) Nees, Stenolejeunea apiculata (Sande Lac.) R.M.Schust. and Riccia haskarliana Steph. are new to India, Heleroscyphus palniensis Abha Srivast. & S.C.Srivast., Frullania muscicola Steph. var. inuena (Steph.) Kamim. and Riccia stricta (Lindenb.) Perold are new to the Himalayan region, Heteroscyphus orbiculatus Abha Srivast. & S.C. Srivast. and Lopholejeunea sikkimensis Steph. var. tenuicostata Sushil K.Singh & D.K.Singh are new to the Eastern Himalayan region, 13 species and one variety are new to the State of Sikkim,14 species and one subspecies are new to Arunachal Pradesh, whereas two species have been recorded for the first time from the State of West Bengal. The rest are common between either two of the three States in the region. This also constitutes the first record of the genus Stenolejeunea R.M.Schust. in Indian bryoflora.

126 ref

005704   Dey M;Singh D K (Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah-711 103) : Caudalejeunea lehmanniana (Gottsche) A. evans (Hepaticae: Lejeuneaceae)-a new Record for Indian bryoflora from Lohit district, Arunachal Pradesh. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 653-56.

Caudalejeunea lehmanniana (Gottsche) A. Evans, earlier known from China, Africa, North and South America, has been described and illustrated for the first time in Indian bryoflora from Madhuban (Namsai) in Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh. A key to the Indian species of genus Caudalejeunea (Steph.) Schiffn. has been provided.

2 illus, 8 ref

005703   Choudhary S;Uttam Kumar;Utpal Kumar (NO, S.K. Mahila College, Begusarai-851 101, Email: schoudhary2007@yahoo.co.in) : Status of phytoplankton in chaurs of Begusarai north Bihar. Res Envir Life Sci 2009, 2(2), 99-102.

The phytoplankton population of the Kaual chaur (Teloria) plays a significant role in determining the pattern of fluctuation and yield of total plankton. Members of Chlorophyceae (Green algae) were presented throughout the study period from 2006 to 2008. The maximum density 420 and 390 μL^-1 were recorded in winter in both the years, respectively. Minimum growth 205 and 190 μL-1 were recorded during monsoon in 2006 to 2008 respectively. Spirogyra, oedogonim, closterium, chlorella and cosmerium were the dominant genera. The maximum number of Cyanophyceae (Myxophyceae) was in summer in both the years (125 and 120 μL-1 respectively) and minimum number was in winter with 95 and 92 μL-1 respectively for 2006-07 and 2007-08. The dominant species were Anabaena sp., Microcystis sp. and Oscillatoria sp. While Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) were found maximum 65 and 63 μL-1 in summer and minimum during winters in both the years 42 and 40 μL-1 in 2006-07 and 2007-08 respectively. The most dominant species were Fragilaria sp. and Navicula sp.

005702   Chauhan A;Bakshi M;Bhandari M (Plant Physiology Discipline, Botany Div, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun-248 006) : Rooting response of Dalbergia sissoo as affected by auxins and genotype. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 545-50.

Variability studies are prerequisite for genetic upliftment of any tree species. Genetic variability in shoot coppicing ability and rooting of juvenile shoot cuttings was studied in five clones of Dalbergia sissoo (Shisham) Roxb. belonging to five diverse geographical locations representing Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand. Haryana, Rajasthan and Nepal. Studies were conducted in vegetative multiplication garden (VMG) of Dalbergia sissoo maintained at Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun in year 2003. Six to seven cm long softwood, single nodal cuttings were prepared and treated with IBA 2000 ppm and IBA 4000 ppm by Dry Dip Smear method. The control was treated with talcum powder only. After six weeks of planting, data were recorded on various rooting parameters. Significant variation in coppicing and rooting potentiality was observed for different clones. The survival percentage ranged from 82.3 to 100 percent with the maximum being of C14 (Haridwar). There were significant differences (P<60>0.001) among clones in time taken for shoot emergence, number of shoots produced and mean length of shoots. Significant variation was observed for percent rooting, percent sprouting, mean length of sprout and root amongst various clones. Maximum rooting and sprouting was observed in C86, (Rajasthan). Percent rooting, sprouting, mean number of sprouts, sprout length, mean number of roots and root length had significant increase with higher concentrations of IBA. The interactive effect of clone and IBA is significant only for sprout length, root length and number of leaflets. Thus, selection of clones with good coppicing and rooting ability can be made to produce maximum number of high quality propagules in Dalbergia sissoo.

5 illus, 5 tables, 17 ref

005701   Chaturvedi D (Botany Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Email: dr.deepalichaturvedi@yahoo.co.in) : Antagonistic reactions of rhizosphere microflora towards moth bean root rot pathogen. Res Envir Life Sci 2009, 2(3), 179-80.

Growth of a root through soil causes marked shift in the microbiological equilibrium, both quantitatively and qualitatively known as rhizosphere. Rhizosphere play an important role by affecting the associative or antagonistic microorganisms present in the rhizosphere of host resulting in reducing the soil borne diseases. Moth bean(Vigna aconitifolia), which is attacked by large number of pathogens resulting in varying degree of losses in terms of production is an important crop of arid zone.Macrophomina phaseolina,has been reported as the most devastating pathogen found invariably associated with bean seeds. So, these studies were carried out to throw light particularly in relation to soil microbes responsible for their associative and antagonistic effect on the pathogen in the vicinity of host plants roots. Different species of fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes were isolated from rhizosphere of moth bean crop, screened invitro in order to check their antagonistic properties against M.phaseolina.So that, soil borne diseases and their related pathogens can be managed by making changes in the dense and dynamic community of microbes in rhizosphere.

005700   Chandan Kumar;Tabassum G;Nazre Alam M; Sharfuddin C (Plant Pathology and Microbiology Lab, Botany Dep, Patna University, Patna, Bihar) : Selection of some medicinal plants of Bihar as antibacterial agents. Modern J Life Sci 2009, 8(1-2), 37-40.

Aqueous extracts of leaf, stem and root of some medicinal plants viz: Adhatoda vesica, Achyranthus aspera, Terminalia chebula and Tinospora Cordifolia were prepared. The leachates were screened for their antibacterial activity against some bacteria. viz: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. These bacteria were grown in Petriplates containing Nutrient Agar medium and incubated at 37±1°C for 24 hours. All leachates were screened for their antibacterial activity, using disc diffusion method. The inhibition zone was measured and statistically analysed.

1 table, 10 ref

005699   Bhattacharjee A;Chowdhery H J;Agrawala D K; Sabapathy C M (Cental Ntional Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, West Bengal) : Zeuxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. (Orchidaceae)-first report of its occurrence in Arunachal Pradesh. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 649-52.

Zeitxine affinis (Lindl.) Benth. ex Hook.f. (Orchidaceae), hitherto known from other parts of India is reported for the first time from Arunachal Pradesh. The same is described and illustrated in the present paper.

2 illus, 8 ref

005698   Bhardwaj M K;Bhardwaj A;Yadav S (Botany Dep, D.S. College, Aligarh-202 200) : Seed germination responses in Indian Rhododendron to different growth hormones-1. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 195-8.

The seeds of Rhododendrons are minute and produced in large number. Seeds show dormancy and poor germination in soil but the seeds treated with GA₃, IBA, IAA and KN show enhanced germination. It has also been observed that germination percentage in seeds treated with GA₃ and IBA was higher than those seeds treated with IAA and K_N.

1 table, 6 ref

005697   Bhardwaj M K;Bhardwaj A;Bhardwaj R;Yadav S (Botany Dep, D.S. College, Aligarh-202 001) : Seed germination responses in Indian Rhododendrons to different growth hormones-2. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 59-62.

Seeds of three species of Rhododendrons namely R. glaucophyllum, R. triflorum and R. wightii were undertaken to study the effects of hormones. The seeds show poor germination just after dehiscence. The seeds also show a period of dormancy. However on storage up to 5 months and treatment with different growth hormones i.e. GA₃, IBA, IAA and KN, the seeds show increased seed germination. Out of different hormones GA₃ was more effective in enhancing seed germination and breaking of seed dormancy. However in case of R. glaucophyllum IAA was also effective in enhancing seed germination and breaking of seed dormancy.

1 table, 6 ref

005696   Baratakke R C;Patil C G (Botany Dep, Karnatak Science College, Dharwad, Email: patil_cg@yahoo.com) : Identification of a RAPD marker linked to sex determination in Momordica dioica Roxb.. Indian J Genet Pl Breed 2009, 69(3), 254-5.

^ssc1 illus, 12 ref

005695   Baleshwar;Datt B (NO, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226 001) : Additions to the flora of Lucknow district, Uttar Pradesh. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 645-6.

The study reveals the occurrence of Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. and Ipomoea coptica (L) Roem. & Schult. from Lucknow district as new additions to the flora of Lucknow district.

5 ref

005694   Bahl S;Ahmed I;Mukerji M (Functional Genomics Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR), Mall Road, New Delhi-110 007, Email: mitali@igib.res.in) : Utilizing linkage disequilibrium information from Indian genome variation database for mapping mutations: SCA12 case study. J Genet 2009, 88(1), 55-60.

Stratification in heterogeneous populations poses an enormous challenge in linkage disequilibrium (LD) based identification of causal loci using surrogate markers. In this study, we demonstrate the enormous potential of endogamous Indian populations for mapping mutations in candidate genes using minimal SNPs, mainly due to larger regions of LD. We show this by a case study of the PPP2R2B gene (<126> 400 kb) that harbours a CAG repeat, expansion of which has been implicated in spinocerebellar ataxia type 12 (SCA12). Using LD information derived from Indian Genome Variation database (IGV db) on populations ' which share similar ethnic and linguistic backgrounds as the SCA12 study population, we could map the causal loci using a minimal set of three SNPs, without the generation of additional basal data from the ethnically matched population. We could also demonstrate transferability of tagSNPs from a related HapMap population for mapping the mutation.

3 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

005693   Anand Kishor;Sinha B;Rajnish Kumar (Botany Dep, V.K.S. University, Ara-802 301) : Changes in nutritive contents during maturation and storage in tomato. Modern J Life Sci 2009, 8(1-2), 47-8.

Tomato is harvested just after 8-10 days of fruiting to protect from insects, fungus, birds etc., without taking their nutritive contents into consideration. The tomatoes are also retained in the market for 4-8 days. The maximum percent increase of total sugar, reducing sugar, ascorbic acid, total protein and total phenol were on 10 days of maturation in the field. The concentration of these nutrients showed declining trend during storage for 8 days.

1 table, 8 ref

005692   Anand Kishor;Rajnish Kumar;Ranjana Kumari (University Department of Botany, V.K.S. University, Ara) : Effect of relative humidities and temperatures on the infested tomato seeds after one month storage. Modern J Life Sci 2009, 8(1-2), 89-90.

Maximum electrical conductivity of pentose and hexose surgars were observed in the seed leachate of tomato seeds stored for one month period both in uninoculated and inoculated seeds with Aspergillus flavus stored in high relative humidity as well as high temperature.

1 table, 4 ref

005691   Alam A;Srivastava S C (Botany Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007) : Current status of genus Plagiochasma in Nilgiri and Palni hills with SEM details of spores. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 623-33.

Out of 35 species of Plagiochasma described from Asia and Oceania 7 are validly reported from the Indian subcontinent. Six species are known from Nilgiri and Palni hills (South India). Current status of genus Plagiochasma in Nilgiri and Palni hills along with addition of a new species, P. udarii sp. nov., has been described. It also provides the SEM details of sporoderm architecture in species under study area.

20 ref

005690   Ahmed S M;Mohammed M S (Botany (DDE) Dep, Maulana Azad National Urdu Univ, Gachi Bowli, Hyderabad) : Teletoxic effect of Commelina kurzii & Lagascea mollis on the seedling growth of soybean (Glycine max.L.). Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 199-201.

Commelina kurzii and Lagascea mollis are commonly found weeds in the fields of Soybean. The seeds of Soybean were treated with aqueous extracts of root and shoot of C. kurzii and L. mollis. The concentration used in this study were 0.25%,0.50% and 0.75%. The effect of this treatment was studied on the length of hypocotyl and length of root of Soybean. In the present study it was found that Lagascea mollis extracts have stimulatory effect where as Commelina kurzii shoot and root extracts has shown inhibitory effect on seed germination of Soybean. The results indicated that both inhibitory and stimulatory substances were present in the extracts.

1 table, 7 ref

005689   Ahirwar R K (Botany Dep, Pt. S.N.S. Govt. P.G. College, Shahdol-484 001) : Ethnomedicinal uses of plants roots from Shahdol district (M.P.) India. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 71-6.

The paper enumerates 25 ethnomedicinal plant species belonging to 25 genra and 19 families, which are used as folk medicine in the treatment of various ailments by the rural and common people of Shahdol District.

2 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

005688   Agrawal P;Ranu Singh (NO, Mata Gujri Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Jablpur-482 001) : Aquatic fungal diversity of Gour river at Jabalpur. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 17-20.

Aquatic fungi are those which complete their life cycle in water. Jabalpur is characterized by many water bodies, one of them is Gour river. Thirteen aquatic fungi were recorded from this river. Zopfiella latipes is a new addition to fungal flora of Jabalpur as well as Central India i.e. Madhya Pradesh.

1 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

004778   Zape A S;Zope A V;Deshmukh P A;Gawade D B (Plant Pathology Dep, Shri Shivaji College of Horticulture, Shivaji Nagar, Amravati (M.S.)) : Antifungal activity of medicinal plants against chickpea wilt pathogen (Fusarium oxysorum f.sp. Ciceri). Int J Pl Prot 2009, 2(1), 20-3.

Extract of different parts of ten medicinal plants were evaluated against chickpea wilt pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.) ciceri with three concentrations (1000, 500 and 250 μg ml^-1) at five different time internals. The fungitoxicity of alcohol extract of medicinal plants against wilt causing pathogen significantly varied with concentration and time intervals. All plant extracts inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungus in vitro. As concentration of extracts decreased, the effectiveness of extracts were also decreased against wilt pathogen. The maximum growth inhibition was recorded at 1000 μg ml^-1 concentration and the per cent inhibition was observed maximum in Bawchi at 8 * DAI (45.55%) and at 7 * DAI (38.17%) followed by Ashwagandha at 8th DAI (37.84%) and at 7th DAI (36.25%). At 4th, 5th and 6th DAI, the percent inhibition in alcohol extract at 500μg ml^-1 concentration increased with increased in time upto 8th DAL Maximum per cent inhibition was observed in Bawchi at 8 th DAI (44.44%) and at 7th DAI (36.36%) followed by Ashwagandha at 8th DAI (33.33%) and at 7th DAI (32.38%). Bawchi treatment showed significantly highest per cent inhibition at 8th DAI over rest of the treatments. The extracts at 250 μg ml^-1 concentration were failed to inhibit the mycelial growth of these pathogens. At 250 μg ml^-1 concentration, only Ashwagandha. Bawchi and Kali Haldi were found to inhibit the mycelial growth of the pathogen to some extent.

1 table, 6 ref

004777   Yadav N;Ashok Kumar;Yadav R;Yadav R;Manish Kumar (Zoology Dep, D.A.V. College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Toxicity of neem based pesticide against diamond back moth, Plutella xylostella Linn. Int J Pl Prot 2009, 2(1), 48-9.

Investigation were carried out to study the toxicity of neem based pesticide, 'Bioneem' against 3rd instar larvae of diamond back moth, Plutella xyloslella by bio-assay (film technique) method and the mortality was recorded for different concentrations (0.50 to 4.00%) and result indicated that maximum mortality was observed at higher dose (4.00%) while minimum at lower dose (0.50%).

1 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

004776   Yadav N;Ashok Kumar;Yadav R;Yadav R;Manish Kumar (Zoology Dep, D.A.V. College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Persistance of different neem based pesticides against diamond back moth, Plutella xylostella Linn. Int J Pl Prot 2009, 2(1), 17-9.

A field-cum laboratory study was carried out on residual toxicity of field weathered deposits of five neem based pesticides, viz., Neemazal, Bioneem, Neemgold, Nimbicidine and Achook at 1 and 2 per cent concentrations against third instar larvae of Diamond back moth, Plutella xylostella Linn. Results showed that Neemazal was most toxic and persistent pesticide as initially it offered maximum kill of larvae and continued to give mortality even after 10* day of spraying, where as Achook proved to be least effective and persistent. However, Bioneem, Neemgold and Nimbicidine behaved intermediary.

1 tables, 3 ref

004775   Yadav N;Ashok Kumar;Yadav R;Manish Kumar (Zoology Dep, D.A.V. College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Juvenomimetic effects of neem based pesticide on the diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) Linn.. Int J Pl Prot 2009, 2(1), 29-30.

The juvenomimetic effects of Neem based pesticide-Neemazal, investigated on the 3rd instar larvae of Diamond back moth, Plutellaxylostella Linn, by oral feeding method at different concentrations (0.50 to 4.00%) resulted in to the larval - pupal intermediates (at higher concentration), deformed pupae (at medium and higher concentration) and deformed adults (at medium and lower concentrations).

1 table, 4 ref

004774   Yadav H L;Yadav R N;Gupta A;Akram J;Saxena A R (Botany Dep, S.M.R.D. P.O. College, Bhurkura, Ghazipur, Uttar Pradeh, Email: dr.heerayadav@gmail.com) : Investigations on antibacterial activity of higher plants against the human pathogenic bacterium Salmonella typhosa. Indian J scient Res 0000, 1(2), 111-15.

50% (v/v) ethanolic extracts of 75 available plant parts (in 1:5 ratio w/v) of 60 plants were assayed for their antibacterial activity against the test pathogen Salmonella typhosa by Inhibition zone technique. The leaf extracts of Helianthus annuus Linn. showed maximum activity forming an inhibition zone of 30 mm diameter in our experimentation. Other samples showed less or no inhibition zones. The results indicate that the leaves of Helianthus annuus Linn. can be exploited as a good source of innocuous bactericide.

004773   Wani A H;Taskeen-Un-Nisa;Mir R A (Plant Pathology and Mycology Section, P.G. Botany Dep, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar-190 006, Email: ahamiwani@yahoo.com) : Biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Lycopercici on tomato with fungal antagonists. J biol Control 2009, 23(2), 169-73.

Vegetables are important sources of minerals and vitamins. They are attacked by several fungal pathogens and these fungi cause severe losses to these vegetables. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, Glomus mossae and G. fasciculatium for the control of wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopercici on tomato. There was a significant reduction in wilt severity and improvement in the plant growth parameters and chlorophyll content as a result of application of different doses of biocontrol agents. The growth characteristics also increased with the increase in the dose of biocontrol agents. Highest growth and chlorophyll content was found at higher doses per pot followed by lower doses of treatments as compared to untreated control which showed lowest plant growth.

2 tables, 31 ref