005764   Karodt S A;Radhakrishnan C K (Marine Biology Dep, Microbiology and Biochemistry Cochin Science ad Technology Univ, Fine Art's Avenue, Cochin-682 016, Email: radhakrishnanck10@yahoo.com) : Seasonal variations in the gut contents of Arius arius (Hamilton) from Cochin backwaters. Indian J Fish 2010, 57(1), 93-6.

The gut contents of the cat fish Arius arius from two areas of Cochin backwater i.e., Fort Cochin (high saline area) and Arookutty (low saline area) during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon periods, were studied for the period of 1 year from January 2002 to December 2002. The results indicated that A. arius is a voracious bottom feeder. Marked variations in the quality and quantity of food intake were observed in relation to season. Crustaceans, fishes and molluscs formed dominant food items in both the locations, during pre and post-monsoon seasons, whereas monsoon marked very low feeding activity. During pre-monsoon and post-monsoon, different conditions of the stomach such as gorged (overfed), full and % full (active) were seen, while 1/2 full (moderate) stomach and empty condition or stomach with traces (poor) were encountered during monsson. No sex-wise difference in the feeding habit was observed.

^ssc2 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

005763   Jadhav S (Zoology Dep, New Arts Commerce and Science College, Ahmednagar-414 001, Email: dr_sandhyajadhav@rediffmail.com) : Water loss as a respiratory parameter for effect of juvenile hormone subsequently fumigated larvae of Corcyra cephalonica (st.). Res Envir Life Sci 2009, 2(2), 103-4.

In the study, the effects of juvenile hormones (JH) with subsequent fumigation on water loss were measured in different larval stages. The total water loss and rate of water loss in carbon tetrachloride fumigated larvae was more than that of normal larvae. In JH treated larvae rate of water loss was less than normal and the fumigated insects. The larvae fumigated after JH treatment showed some increase as compared to only JH treated larvae. But the loss was always less than that of the normal and fumigated insects. Sixth instar larvae is an exception where total water loss and rate of water loss were increased with JHs and they further increased in larvae, treated with hormones and fumigant. Water loss in above treatment was even more than in the fumigated larvae. JH treated fumigated larvae showed more water loss than only JH treated larvae but it was less than the normal and fumigated insects.

005762   Chakraborty P;Patil S;Quershi T A (Zoology and Applied Aquaculture Dep, Barkatullah Univ, Bhopal-462 016) : Diversity of ichtyofauna of lower lake of Bhopal. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 79-84.

The existing record of Ichthyofauna of lower lake of Bhopal is about five decades old. During this long gap of time, a number offish species might be added and some of the existing species might have got diminished in number. For purpose of bringing the recent fish fauna on record, this study has been taken up. Collection of fishes has been done during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons during the year, 2008 by establishing four sampling stations on Lower Lake, Bhopal. It revealed that in all 51 species of fishes are presently available in this Lake belonging to 36 genera, 17 families and 6 orders. These fishes can be categorized as Indian major and minor carps, exotic major carps, air breathing fishes, catfishes, weed fishes, larvivorous fishes and ornamental fishes.

23 ref

005761   Baishya A;Dutta A;Bordoloi S (NO, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, P.O. Gorchuk, Guwahati-781 035, Email: sabitryborodoloi@rediffmail.com) : Morphometry and length-weight relationship of Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822). Indian J Fish 2010, 57(1), 87-91.

The morphometry and length-weight relationship of the freshwater fish Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) from the Garjan beel, Kamrup district of Assam was studied. The study reveals that there is no significant (π <62> 0.05) difference between morphometric characters of male and female fishes and the length-weight relationship established for the fish suggested that the fish did not follow the cube law strictly. The equations and the correlation coefficients suggested a significant relation (π<60>0.01) between the length and weight of the fish.

^ssc4 illus, 1 table, 29 ref

005760   Arunachalam M;Muralidharan M;Sivakumar P (Sri Paramakalyani Centre for Environmenatl Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar Univ, Alwarkurichi-627 412) : New record of Barilius bakeri day (Osteichthyes: Cyprindae) from Khudremukh National Park, Karnataka. Indian J For 2009, 32(4), 607-9.

Barilius bakeri Day shows extension in the range of its distribution to streams of Karnataka, The specimens were collected from Bollae, a stream of Nethravathi river inside Khudremukh National Park.

1 table, 13 ref

005759   Akhter S;Ahmad F;Chishti M Z (Post Graduate Zoology Dep, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar-190 006) : Variation in the infection dynamics of Neoechinorhynchus among the fishes of Kashmir valley. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 63-5.

The examination of 1176 fish hosts for Neoechinorhynchus (Acanthocephalan) infection from the River Jhelum and Dal Lake revealed the prevalence of 2.55%, mean intensity as 2 and abundance of infection as 0.05. The highest prevalence of infection was observed in Schizothorax esocinus (11.45) and the lowest prevalence was seen in S. plagiostomum. However, the mean intensity showed a reverse trend, i.e., a peak of mean intensity was observed in S. plagiostomum and minimum values were observed in S. esocinus.

1 table, 12 ref

005758   Akhter S;Ahmad F;Chishti M Z (Post Graduate Zoology Dep, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar-190 006, Email: shaheena2004@gmail.com) : Infection dynamics of a monogenean parasite among the freshwater fishes of Kashmir valley. Indian J appl pure Biol 2010, 25(1), 35-7.

The study deals with the infection dynamics of a monogenean parasite - Diplozoon, among the different types of fishes. 1176 fish hosts were collected and observed for this infection. Among these fishes, Diplozoon showed a prevalence of 5.69% with a mean intensity of 3.56. The highest prevalence of infection was observed in Schizothorax esocinus. A well marked variation in the infection dynamics of Diplozoon was observed among the different types of fishes as well as among the different fish species of the same fish type.

1 table, 9 ref

004825   Yeragi S G;Yeragi S S (NO, K.J. Somaiya College of Science, Vidyavihar, Mumbai-400 077) : Toxonomy and biology of important zooplanktonic organisms. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 71-7.

The pond, pools associated with the creek are always for aquaculture point of view. These aquatic eco system provides nutrients to the finfish as welI as shelfish of the creek. The fresh water, brackish water, ponds, stream connected to the estuary as well as creek and continuously go on adding the micro as well as macro organisms which play an important role in the food chain and web. It is necessary to find out the checklist of such organisms alongwith taxanomy and biology for culture point of view. The present investigation was carried out in all seasons in ponds associated with Mithbhav creek in the duration of 2006 - 2007. The main food items were zooplankton like rotifers, cladocerce etc.

6 ref

004824   Vijay Kumar (Zoology Dep, Patna Univ, Patna, Bihar, Email: dr.vijaykumr09@rediffmail.com) : Comparative study of the effect of pituitary extract and prolactin on guinea pig. Biozone 2010, 2(1-2), 376-8.

Comparative study of the effect of pituitary extract and prolactin was done on Guinea pig. Animals of age 30-60 days were taken for treatment after pituitary extract treatment the fibro muscular stroma increased, luminal secretion also increased. Prolactin had the most significant effect on Guinea pig. The fibro muscular layer showed a considerable increase from the control sections.

1 table, 6 ref

004823   Upadhyay R K;Kujur R R B;Kumar A R;Singh S K (Zoology Dep, Ramgarh Collge, VBU, Hazaribag) : Occurrence of some oligochaeta in Garga river at Bokaro Steel City, Jharkhand India. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 65-70.

The investigation was conducted during the year 2008- 2009 on the bank of Garga river of Bokaro Steel City (Jharkhand, India).. The Oligochaeta taxa recorded were Dero digitate, Dem furcata, Chaetogaster setosus and Bratislavia unidentata belonging to family naididae. The most dominant taxa recorded were Limnodrilus gracilis, Limnodrilus profundicola, Branchiura soverbyi, Tubifex tubifex, Potamothrix bedoti and Aulodrilus pluriseta belonging to family tubificidae and Aeolosoma hemprichi, Aeolosoma variegatum and Aeolosoma headley; belonging to family Aeolosomatidae; The only taxa recorded was Haplotaxis sp. belonging to family haplotaxidae.

2 tables, 8 ref

004822   Tiwari S;Pande R K (Zoology and Environmental Biology Dep, D.B.S.(P.G.) College, Dehradun-248 001) : Effect of fluoride on the hematological parameters and reproductive organs of male albino rat. J Ecophysiol occup Hlth 2009, (3-4), 119-29.

The effect of chronic exposure of Sodium fluoride (NaF), (5,20,50 mg/kg b.w./day) for 30 days on reproductive tissue damage in young male albino rat was evaluated histopathologically alongwith certain hematological parameters. Damaging effect on testicular histoarchitecture along with disfigured tubular structure was recorded along with histological changes in other organs viz. epididymis, vas deferns, seminal vesicle and prostate gland. Even the spermatogenesis seemed to be arrested and clumping of spermatozoa was also observed. The said effects were not observed in the control group. The Heamototogical picture also evidenced an upset in its normal status, effecting the metabolism adversely.

1 table, 33 ref

004821   Sweta Kumari;Pandey A K (P. G. Zoology Dep, L.N. Mithila Univ, Darbhanga) : Seasonal variations in blood parameters of obligate and facultative air breathing fishes. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 105-8.

An attempt has been made to study seasonal variations in blood parameters of two facultative (Heteropneustes fossilis and Mystus vittatus) and two obligate (Channa marulius and Anabas testudineus) air breathing fishes. Marked seasonal variations in different blood parameters were observed in all the four species of air breathing fishes with a peak value in May/June which coincide well with the breeding period of the fishes.

1 table, 16 ref

004820   Suresh B;Yadav M;Desai I (Zoology Dep, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao Baroda Univ, Vadodara-390 002, Email: suved9@hotmail.com) : Ineluence of FGF-2 on the antioxidant status in tissues during various stages of tail regeneration in the northern house gecko, Hemidactylus flaviviridis. J Cell Tissue Res 2010, 10(1), 2091-2100.

The early events of tail regeneration in lizards include healing of the wound, tissue remoulding and rapid cell proliferation, which are accompanied by production of oxygen free radicals as by-products. However, cells are known to possess antioxiclant defenses. A morphometric study conducted in the lab revealed beyond doubt that the epimorphic regeneration in lizards is considerably affected by flbroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2). Hence, to understand whether FGF-2 plays any role in regulating the reactive oxygen species, the activities of some of the key antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and catalase (CATJ) as well as levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), were evaluated in different tissues of lizards subjected to FGF-2 and antiFGF-2. The activities of SOD and CAT were found significantly higher in the tissues in the FGF-2 treated animals at all the stages of tail regeneration. The GSH levels though were higher in the FGF-2 treated animals at wound epithelium (WE) and Blastema (BL) stages, at differentiation (DF) stage, however the treated animals recorded only base levels of GSH. On the other hand, the MDA levels were decreased in FGF-2 treated animals at WE and BL stages, but the levels became comparable to that of control animals at DF stage. The results were confirmed by administering antiFGF-2 to lizards. Thus, FGF-2 could be an important growth factor during tail regeneration helping cells to cope up with the oxidative stress.

12 tables, 47 ref

004819   Sur P K;Das P K;Thakur A;Roy S K (Zoology Dep, Kanchrapara College, Kanchrapara-743 145) : Comparative study of X-ray (160R) induced male meiotic chromosome aberrations in two short-horned grasshoppers, Oxya velox and Gesonula punctifrons. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 79-87.

Adult healthy males of two short horned Indian grasshoppers, Oxya velox and Gesonula punctifrons were x-rayed with a dose of 16 0r while the untreated specimens served as control. The testes material of treated and untreated specimens fixed at different time-intervals were subjected to squash-flame-drying-iron-alum-haematoxylin technique The control specimens showed very negligible frequency of aberrations in some meiotic stages while the treated specimens except only the spermatogonial metaphase, the Diplotene, Diakinesis, Metaphase-I, Anaphase-I, Metaphase-II and Anaphase-II yielded various types of aberrations. The comparative analysis of the data indicated that the effects were some-what time-dependent and the marker x-chromosome was more sensitive than autosomes and the Gesonula punctifrons was more sensitive to x-ray than Oxya velox.

4 tables, 20 ref

004818   Sumathi S (Zoology Dep, Sri Akilandeswari Women's College, Wandiwash-604 408) : Influence of supplementation of plant extracts on biochemical and nucleic acid content in the silkgland of silkworm, Bombyx mori. J Ecobiol 2009, 25(3), 215-20.

An attempt was made on the screening of indigenous plant extracts such as Aegle marmelose, Lantana camera, Clitoria ternata, Cardospermum halicabum, Cyanodon dactylon, Moringa olefiera, Ocimum sanctum, Musa paradisca, Ocimum basilicum and Tridax procumbens on mulberry leaves as supplementary diet to the silkworm Bombyx mori L The silk gland tissues of V instar larvae was subjected for the quantitative analysis of protein and nucleic acids such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DMA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The results of biochemical and nucleic acid constituents of silk gland show remarkable elevation in the experimental groups when compared to control.

1 table, 18 ref

004817   Suday Prasad;Singh H (NO, ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, P.O. B V C, Patna, Bihar-800 014, Email: sudayprasad@yahoo.co.in) : Fisheries resources and transportation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (DE MAN) seed in Haryana. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 109-14.

The freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii is a commercially important culture species in India. The state of Haryana has limited water resources in the shape of seasonal rivers, canals, drains, natural and man-made lakes and village ponds etc. More than 2/3 area of the state has ground saline/brackish water. The major constraints in the commercial culture of the freshwater prawn in northern part of state are poor survival during transportation of live seed stock to growout ponds. Prawn culture is the most rewarding activity in today time of socio-economic developments and diversification of crop particularly in developing countries including India. Various workers have recommended varying packing densities of fresh water prawn seed. The authors observed a survival rate of 90.1 percent during 16 hours duration without the use of anaesthesia. Present paper gives an account of fisheries resources, transportation techniques of the M. rosenbergii seed and also tried to study the behaviour and management of the post larvae to minimize the mortality, stress during transportation.

3 tables, 11 ref

004816   Subramanian C (Biology Dep, Eritrea Institute of Technology Mainefhi, The State of Eritrea, North-East Africa) : Sex and age wise helminth infection in cattle at point Calimere wildlife sanctuary, southern India. J Ecobiol 2009, 24(1), 85-90.

The microscopic observation of cattle (domestic cow & ox) faecal samples revealed the occurrence of the helminth eggs such as Oesophagostomum sp, Strongyloides sp, Ascaris sp., and Trichuris ovis. Hundred samples consisting of 25 adult males, 25 adult females, 25 sub adult males and 25 sub adult females were examined at Point Calimere Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu, India. The infection rates were high in females(29%), followed by sub adult female (26%) and the lowest infection was recorded in sub adult male (19.5%). The overall infection among different sex/age differed monthly and the highest record during November (20.4%) and December (20.4%). The lowest observation was made in March 1997 (16.1%). It is interesting to note that during the month of January and February, all the sexes/age were equally infected (21.5%).

2 tables, 14 ref

004815   Srivastava J;Chandra H (NO, Chatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj Univ, Kanpur) : Indian birds of northern wetland with special reference to conservation of sarus (Grus antigon antigon). J Mount Res 2008, 3(Dec), 47-54.

Indian is among twelve mega diverse countries divided in ten bio-geographical zones inhabiting most of its flora and fauna. North Indian plains are well known for their wetlands that nourish variety of flora that is endemic and fauna exotic as well as native. Sarus (Grus antigon antigon), is a native bird of Indian subcontinent that is found in major wetlands of the country. North Indian wetlands are the 'hotspot' of this highest-flying bird. In recent past, studies have shown the significant decrease of the number of these birds. Reports showes that the decrease in number is some what related with the north Indian agricultural practice and rural economy. The fertile lands of wetlands are being used to cultivate paddy and farmers encroach their habitat and degrade the quality of water. The study is indicative of the new line of research on Sarus.

1 table, ref

004814   Srivastava G;Srivastava A K (Zoology Dep, S.M.M. Town P.G. College, Ballia, Uttar Pradesh, Email: garimasrivastava50@gmail.com) : Toxicity study of selenium in the fresh water cat fish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) and the role of Eichhornia crassipes in its control. Indian J scient Res 0000, 1(2), 79-82.

Experiments were carried out to study the effect of water plant. Eichhornia to control the selenium residues in a fresh water cat fish. Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) Hundred percent mortality was observed at a concentration of 42 ppm selenium. The LC₅₀ value was found to be 26.4 ppm. At a concentration of 6 ppm and below, the fishes survived without any stress. So 6 ppm and below is considered to be the sub-lethal or around sub-lethal concentration. The rate of oxygen consumption decresed by 66.67% in control fishes, raised without plant, while experimental fishes, raised with aquatic plant, showed a drop of 58.99%. The protein content in the muscle tissue of experimental fishes was minimized by 18.29%. The heavy metal selenium accumulation in the muscle tissue of the control fishes was more significant (65.23%) than that of the experimental ones. The loss of energy was also found to be higher (1.35% higher) in the control fishes than that of the experimental fishes raised along with Eichhornia.

004813   Singh Doris Phillips;Singh N S (Zoology Dep, Lucknow Christian College, Lucknow-226 018) : Temporal synergism of 5-hydroxytryptophan and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine differentially alters reproductive and metabolic responses of male and female weaver bird, Ploceus hilippinus. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 115-24.

The study was designed to ascertain the effects of temporal synergism of neuroffansmitters 5-HTP and L-DOPA in the reproductive regulation of Weaver bird, both male and female maintained under Natural daylength. Weaver bird is a sedentary species and utilizes photoperiod to time its reproduction. Serotonin and dopamine precursors (5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-HTP and L-dihydroxyphenylalanine, L-DOPA (5mg/100g body weight) were injected daily at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 hours apart for 11 days under very dim light (<1 lux). The control group received two daily injections of normal saline. After treatment the birds were shifted to Natural daylength (NDL). Biweekly observations of body weight, testicular volume and ovarian follicular diameter were made for the whole breeding period. Results indicate that in males, 8-hr relationship completely suppressed whereas 12-hr relationship induced testicular growth. The females on the other hand expressed just opposite results i.e. 8-hr relationship was gonadostimultory while 12-hr relationship was gonadoinhibitory. The other groups were more or less similar to the control. The body weight in both male and female did not show any signifcant difference in the treatment groups. The findings indicate significant and opposite responses of male and female gonads and almost insignificant metabolic activities to the specific phase relation of neurotransmitters. This may be possibly due to the difference in the maturity period/physiology of the two sexes since hatching. It is also suggested that circadian phase relationship of serotonergic and dopaminergic activity in both the sexes alters the rate of reproductive and metabolic growth possibly through the "hypothalamo-hypophyseal-gonadal axis".

4 illus, 28 ref

004812   Sharma R K;Sudan N (Reproducitve Physiology Laboratory, Zoology Dep, Kurukshetra Univ, Kurukshetra-136 119, Email: bakshi.sudan@gmail.com) : Immunohistochemical mapping of vascular endothelial growth factor during follicular growth in goat ovary. J Cell Tissue Res 2010, 10(1), 2101-4.

Intraovarian growth factors play an important role in ovarian follicular growth. To establish the involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in follicular development, VEGF was localized in normal cycling ovaries of goat. Immunostainingfor VEGF positive cells were observed in all categories of growing follicles. VEGF protein was immunohistochemically mapped in theca andgranulosa cells of grow ing follicles. The immunostaining intensity increased within granulosa and theca layers as the size of the follicles increased. Theca cells showed comparatively higher immuno staining than granulosa cells. Endothelial cells and the adjacent stromal components surrounding the preovulatory follicles were also positively stained. In nut shell, VEGF protein was found in all stages of follicular development suggesting the possible involvement of VEGF in follicular growth.

1 illus, 23 ref

004811   Sharma R K;Gandhi E (Zoology Dep, Kurukshetra Univ, Kurukshetra-136 119, Email: eshu_gandhi@yahoo.co.in) : Localisation of CD4<. J Cell Tissue Res 2010, 10(1), 2081-4.

Distribution and relative frequencies of T lymphocytes (sub-classes) in normal cycling goat ovaries were studied to explain local immunological defense mechanisms. Both the CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells were observed in primordial, primary, secondary and antral follicles. The number of CD4⁺ cells was higher as compared to CD8⁺ cells in all stages of the developing follicles. The granulosa cells were more reactive to CD4⁺ than CDS⁺ antibodies, whereas thecal cells were more reactive to CD8⁺ than CD4⁺ antibodies. The minimum reactivity for CD4⁺ and CDS⁺ was observed in primordial follicles while maximum binding was seen in large sized follicles. A few of the CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells were also observed in the ovarian stroma surrounding follicles. In atretic follicles, number of both cell types increased from primary to large sized follicles as compared to their counterpart normal developing follicles. A small number of CD4⁺and CD8⁺ cells were also found in the blood capillaries around the follicles. The frequency of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells was higher in the atretic follicles at all stages. This suggests that T lymphocytes play an important role in follicular atresia rather than follicular growth in normal cycling ovaries.

1 illus, 3 tables, 32 ref

004810   Sharma D N;Bhattacharya L (School of Studies in Zoology and Biotechnology, Vikram Univ, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, Email: dr.durgeshnandini@rediffmail.com) : Role of some antioxidants on mercury chloride induced spermatogenesis in swiss albino mice during pre pubertal phase of life. Indian J scient Res 0000, 1(2), 19-25.

The study was undertaken to investigate the ability of antioxidants (Vitamin C and E) to protect against mercuric chloride induced testicular toxicity in male mice during pre pubertal phase of life. Asublethal chronic exposure (0.5 ml/day of 0.5 ppm aqueous HgC12) resulted in regressed histological properties of the testis. The changes observed were broken and detached tunica albuginea, abnormal configuration of seminiferous tubules, deformed primary and secondary spermatocytes, hypertrophy and vacuolization in Leyding cells and Sertoli cells. The diameter of different spermatogenic cells were significantly (P<60>0.001) decreased. These changes were ameliorated with the administration of vitamin C and E. The results of our study suggested that antioxidant vitamin C and vitamin E exert significant protection against histological damage of testes induced by mercury and provide a strong evidence for the beneficial role of antioxidant vitamins in prevention of mercury toxicity.

004809   Shakunthalamma L;Shakuntala K;Meera B K (Zoology Dep, B.M.S. College for Women, Bangalore-560 004) : Comparative studies on the structural variations in the OS suspesorium of selected species of ostariophysi. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 31-41.

Sound in an important means of communication in the aquatic environment. It can be propagated five times faster than in air. Hence fishes make considerable use of sound for communication in the detection of prey and predator, warning, defense and learning about their environment.

4 illus, 4 tables, 8 ref

004808   Sen J;Siddiqui S F (Zoology Dep, Bipin Bihari P.G. College, Jhansi, (U.P.), Email: jogmohan.sen@gmail.com) : Allocreadium punctatai sp. Nov. of the genus Allocreadium from fresh water fish Channa punctatus (BL.) from the Pahuj dam Jhansi (U.P.) India. Biozone 2010, 2(1-2), 373-5.

The investigation is carried out on helminth parasite of Bundelkhand Region, Jhansi, The digenetic trematode Allocreadium punctatai n.sp. is described from the intestine of Channa punctatus (Bl.) from Pahuj Dam, Jhansi. It differs from all known species in having curved and tubular oesophagus; in the position of genital pore located in the level of pharynx; extension of cirrus sac pharynx up to the anterior level of ventral sucker and extension of vitelline follicles ventral sucker up to a little anterior to hind end of the body. In the view of these differences the present form is considered as a new species with a specific name Allocreadium punctatai n. sp.

1 illus, 5 ref

004807   Sasikala S L;Shamila A S;Nagarajan S;Nisha J C;Geetha P;Kishor Raj S (Reproductive Endocrinology Laboratary, Centre for Marine Science & Technology, Manonmaniam Sundranar Univ, Mariana Campus, Rajakkamangalam-629 502, Email: cmst.drsashii@gmail.com) : Comparative study of Ashokarishtam and clomiphere citrate in combating polycystic ovary syndrome induced oxidative stress in rat. J Cell Tissue Res 2010, 10(1), 2105-8.

Body has defense mechanisms against oxidants in the form of both enzymatic and non enzymauc antioxidants. Oxidants have both physiological and pathological role in female reproduction. Oxidative stress causes damage to the ovaries, oogonia and ovulation as well as in implantation procedures. A study was undertaken to evaluate the poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) induced stress in ovarian and uterine tissues and to compare the protective effect of clomiphene citrate and ashokarishtam. Elevated levels of malondialdehyde (37.99 ± 0.88 to 63.08 ± 1.09 mg/g/tissue) and myeloperoxidase (01.59± 0.14 to 02.61 ± 0.18 H₂ O₂ lib/nm/mt/mgptn) in ovary and uterus were observed in PCOS induced rat. After ashokarishtam treatment it displayed decreased levels of (p<60>0.001) malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase in ovary (33.83 ± 0.69 mg/g/tissues) and uterus (01.12 ±0.15 H₂O₂ lib/nm/mt/mgptn). However, clomiphene citrate treatment never resulted in such significant decrease of either malondialdehyde or myeloperoxidase. Study showed significant rise of reduced glutathione (p<60>0.001 level) in ovary and uterus after ashokarishtam treatment. Clomiphene citrate could increase the antioxidant only up to p<60>0.01 level. The study shows the extent of oxidative stress in ovarian and uterine tissues as indicated by increased levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase and decreased level of the antioxidant glutat/tione.

2 tables, 16 ref

004806   Rokade P B;Dhabe P (NO, R.B. Attal College, Georai Dist., Beed-431 127) : Comparative study of gonads of atherniformes and cyprinidae. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 61-4.

Poecilia reticulata from Atherniformes and Labeo rohita from Cprinidae family were selected for the present comparative study. Comparative study of ovaries of both the fishes was done histomorphologically. The main difference in the morphology of the gonads is that the gonads of guppy are single lobed while in cyprinidae it is double lobed. This single lobed gonads is a typical character of Atherniformes.

6 ref

004805   Ramamurthy V;Sathick O;Raveendran S (P.G & Research Zoology Dep, Khadir Mohideen Coolege, Adirampattinam-614 701) : Physico-chemical factors of muthupet mangrove and seasonal variations of fish fauna. J Ecobiol 2009, 24(1), 71-8.

The present survey was made to study the diversity of fish fauna and physico-chemical parameters in the backwater of Muthupet during the year 2006-2007 at four-seasonal intervals. The water was slightly alkaline and contained high amounts of pH. The concentration of salinity, total, inorganic and organic phosphate, ammonia, nitrite and nitrate were fairly stable. Other nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, chloride and bicarbonate concentration showed remarkable variations. The diversity of fish fauna consists of total 30 species of fishes belonging to 17 family under Perciformes orders have been identified in the waterways at the study area. The presence of species like Tenulosa toli, Lutjanus madras and Scatophagus argus is an indicator of the productive well being of mangrove ecosystem especially with Lutjanus madras which occurs only in mangrove waters.

2 tables, 24 ref

004804   Ramamurthy V;Raveendran S (P.G & Research Zoology Dep, Khadir Mohideen College, Adirampattinam-614 701) : Isolation and identification of Vibrio sp from mangrove fish. J Ecobiol 2009, 24(1), 57-64.

A total number of 30 species of fishes belonging to 17 families under order Perciformes have identified in the waterways at Muthupet mangrove lagoons Nagapattinam district. Six species of viz Ambasis commersoni, Etroplus suratensis, Mugil cephalus, Lutjanus russelli, Platycephalus gibbosus and Terapon puta were identified with microbial infection that is vibrios disease in the study site itself. A total of 9 bacteria were examined by biochemical test. All of these bacteria were isolated from healthy and diseased fish as well as larval rearing of lagoons. Four types of Vibrio sp were identified viz Vibrio cholerae, V. alginolyticus, V. carchariae and V. mimicus.

3 tables, 22 ref

004803   Ramamurthy V;Raveendran S (P.G. & Research Zoology Dep, Khadir Mohideen College, Adirampattinam-614 701) : Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Spirulina platensis and Lyngbya majuscula. J Ecobiol 2009, 24(1), 47-52.

In vitro screening of antibacterial and antifungal activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Spirulina platensis and Lyngbya majuscula (5 μg) has been studied and specific activity of inhibiting the growth of six virulent strains of bacteria and four fungal pathogenic to fish viz., Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio alginolyticus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium javanicum, Candida albicans and Trichoderma viride. The aqueous extract had lesser antimicrobial activity than the ethanolic extract. Generally fungal pathogens have less inhibition compounds to bacterial pathogens. The traditional method of treating a microbial infection was by administering a decoction of the cyanobacteria, whereas according to our results an organic solvent is better; hence, this may be more beneficial.

2 illus, 19 ref

004802   Pawan Kumar;Thakur S (Forest Protection Div, Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Panthaghati, Shimla-171 009, Email: pawan_hfri@rediffmail.com) : Taxonomic studies of genus Opogona zeller (Lepidoptera: Tineidae) with brief account of wing venation and genitalia. J Insect Sci 2009, 22(4), 424-30.

The genus Opogona Zeller has a worldwide distribution, mainly tropical. The species of this genus have earlier been recorded from the hills of Niigiris is and north Coorg regions of India. They can be well examined and identified by their wing venation and genitalia. In the present study, three species of the genus Opogona i.e. O. isoclina Meyrick, O. Jamprocrossa Meyrick and O. xanthocrita Meyrick were collected from different parts of Himachal Pradesh. An account of genitalia and wing venation of these species are given and key has been furnished for interspecific discrimination by dwelling upon different morphological and genitalic characters.

12 illus, 22 ref

004801   Pattnaik S;Behera S;Behera H (Zoology Dep, Berhampur Univ, Bhanjabihar, Berhampur-760 007) : Free amino acids in certain silkworm races, Bombyx mori. J Ecobiol 2009, 25(3), 229-34.

Silkworm Bombyx mori races were reared in the laboratory and the total amino acid content of haemolymph and silk gland in the fifth instar larva was estimated in NB₄D₂, PM P5 and Nistari P5 races. The free amino acid level in the haemolymph (189.3-322.0 g/ml, 91.32 -219.8 g/ml, 111.2-206.9 μg I ml) and in salivary gland (313.7 - 3060.0 μg, 444.572 - 5200.5 μg, 268.9-4545.5 μg) increased significantly in NB₄D₂, PM P5, and Nistari x P5 respectively during fifth instar larval period. The amount of free amino acid in each race may give some clue to understand certain similarities and variations among three races and also as a taxonomic character in B. mori.

2 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref

004800   Pathania P C;Rose H S;Sood R (Entomology Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004, Email: pathaniapc@yahoo.co.in) : Taxonomy of members of family scythridae (Lepidoptera) from western Himalaya. J Insect Sci 2009, 22(2), 162-70.

Four insect species of family Scythridae i.e., Eretmocera haridwarensis sp.nov., E. landryi sp.nov., E. impectella (Walker) and Scythris spumifera Meyrick from the Western Himalaya, have been taxonomically dealt with. An illustrated account of the new species and genitalic structure of both the already known species have been described to facilitate their diagnosis.

3 illus, 30 ref

004799   Pandey A;Awasthi J K;Dubey R K;Paliwal A K (Zoology Dep, N.D. College, Shikohabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Effect of biting lice infestation on weight of sheep and goat. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 25-9.

The study on effect of lice population on body weight of sheep and goat reports that weight of host is influenced by lice population. The host infested by small number of lice, lost minimum weight and highly infested hosts lost high amount of weight. Further growth of lice population also increase in the months between March to May and August to October. Bovicola ovis (Linn.). Damalinia caprae (Gurlt) eats skin scurfs, wool and hair fibres and effected their growth.

2 illus, 2 tables, 5 ref

004798   Negi S;Kumar A;Joshi V D;Bhandari R S (Zoology Dep, Govt. P.G. College, Kotdwar, Garhwal) : Use of dominance diversity (DD) curve to approach the distribution of relative dominance of the species in the infested and healthy sites by gholwa (Hoplocerambyx spinicornis) in doon Velley. J Mount Res 2008, 3(Dec), 31-6.

DD curves are drawn to interpret the community organization in Sal forest of different plant species, shrubs, herbs and climbers in terms of resource share. Geometric distribution followed by top two species (S. robusta and M. philippinensis) clearly indicates that these species are dominating the site and utilizing more than 2/3 of the total available resources. Both shrub and herb layer were showing lognormal distribution and thus showing high diversity, disturbance and competition for sharing the available resources. Importance Value index of plant species was calculated from beetles infested and non-infested sites. IVI was taken as raw data to draw DD curves.

1 table, 5 ref

004797   Najam K A A;Siddiqui M S;Shaikh T H;Deshpande V D (P.G. Zoology Dep, NES, Science College, Nanded-431 602, Email: dr.kan09@rediffmail.com) : A New species of genus Giardomyia (Diptera : Cecidomydae: Cecidomyiinae) from Maharashtra. Biozone 2010, 2(1-2), 390-3.

Giardomyia bispina sp.nov. collected at Musalmanwadi Forest, Dist. Nanded, Maharashtra, India, is described and illustrated. This new species is distinguished from known Indian species of the genus in characters of its dorsal plate, subdorsal plate and palpus.

^ssc8 illus, 6 ref

004796   Meera B K;Shakunthalamma L;Srivatsa S (Zoology and Genetics Dep, Government Science College, Nrupatunga Road, Bangalore-01) : Structure and seasonal changes in the accessory reproductive organ [Vas dererens] of a freshwater brachyuran crab, Barytelphusa jacquemontii (Rathbun). Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 1-8.

Barytelphusa jacquemontii (Rathbun) is a freshwater brachyuran crab belonging to the family Gecarcinucidae (Sub-family: Gecarcinucinae) of the class Crustacea. The paired major accessory reproductive organs Viz: - Vasa deferentia exhibited histomorphological changes during various stages of maturity which was also well correlated with the four relative seasons of an annum; cool-dry, hot-dry, hot-wet and cool-wet. The season and size related histological changes were pronounced in different regions of the vas deferens too HkeAVD- anterior vas deferens, MVD- mid vas deferens and PVD-posterior vas deferens. The changes in the vas deferens has a strong correlation with the changes in the testes, thus depicting an overt secretory activity during hot-dry and hot-wet seasons. The activity of the androgenic gland was also found to be at peak during the hot-wet season. Accordingly, the highest reproductive indices were recorded during hot-dry and hot-wet seasons showing declines prior to and later.

4 illus, 18 ref

004795   Kirti J S;Birpal Kaur (Zoology Dep, Punjab Univ, Patiala-147 002, Email: prijagbir2005@gmail.com) : Taxonomic studies on genus prorodes swinhoe (Pyraustinae: Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) along with reporting of a new species. J Insect Sci 2009, 22(4), 412-7.

A new species camofelica under a monotypic genus Prorodes Swinhoe is reported. The detailed diagnosis of the new species including its male and female genitalic structures have been described and illustrated. A key to the species of genus Prorodes has also been formulated.

8 illus, 7 ref

004794   Kharoo V K;Mehra R K;Khatri R K (Zoology Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Hurutrema marina gen. nov., sp. nov. (Trematoda : Cryptogonimidae) Ciurea, 1933 from a marine fish with a discussion on the systemic position of the genus. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 49-56.

Harutrema gen. nov. (type species H. marina sp. nov.) is described and illustrared. Of the 13 sub-families known in the family Cryptogonimidae, the new form does not fit in any, therefore, a new sub-family viz., Harutrematinae is created.

3 illus, 19 ref

004793   Karekal S M;Rajashekhar M;Vijaykumar K; Parveen Z (Zoology Dep, S.B. Arts and Science College, Bijapur, Karnatak) : Seasonal variations of zooplankton community in freshwater reservoir Bijapur district, Karnataka, South India. J Ecophysiol occup Hlth 2009, (3-4), 105-11.

Provides quantitative information on the seasonal variations of zooplankton and selected physico-chemical variables a large man-made reservoir in the Bijapur district. In the study period we have recorded 24 species of which, 10 species belongs to rotifera, 6 species belongs to cladocera, 5 species belongs to copepoda and 3 species of ostracoda. Among zooplankton, particularly rotifera was the dominant group throughout the study period and highest count was recorded in the summer season while low incidence was observed in southwest monsoon season. Zooplankton community is also correlated with physicochemical parameters. The results indicate that the distribution and density of zooplankton species influenced by physical and chemical factors of the environment.

3 illus, 2 tables, 44 ref

004792   Jyotsna Kumari;Rupa Kumari;Yasmin R;Prabhakar A K;Arun Kumar;Sanjay Kumar;Pritam Kumar (Zoology Dep, Magadh Univ, Bodh Gaya) : Horones induced changes in blood and plasma volume in Channa punctatus (Bloch). Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 99-103.

Effect of some hormones on the blood volume has been studied in Channa punctatus (Bloch). It has been observed that L-thyroxine, progesterone and testosterone decrease while hydrocortisone and ovocyclin increase the total and relative (%) blood volumes in this fish as compared to control. The possible reason of such changes in the plasma and blood volume has been discussed in the present paper.

1 table, 17 ref

004791   Joshi H K;Bahuguna S N;Bahuguna P K;Balodi V P;Bobriyal A K (Zoology Dep, H N B Garhwal Univ, Campus, Pauri, Garhwal) : Cyto - morphological study of the alimentary canal of golden mahseer tor putitora (HAM.) from Nayar. J Mount Res 2008, 3(Dec), 23-9.

Deals with the cyto morphological variation in the gastro intestinal tract of Tor putitora. As the fish is carni-omnivore in diet, all parts of the alimentary canal become modified according to its feeding nature. Buccopharynx shows mucous cells and taste buds, Intestinal bulb and intestine consists columner epithelial cells, mucous cells and rectum shows thick musculature.

6 illus, 24 ref

004790   Jana T;Jana A;Chatterjee A (Nemathelminthes Section, Zoological Survey of India, 'M'-Block, New Alipore, Kolkatta-700 053, Email: tiasi@rediffmail.com) : First report of Mononchus aquaticus (Nematoda) from West Bengal, Inida with an updated key to the species under the genus Mononchus. Indian J Nematol 2009, 39(1), 46-53.

Mononchus aquaticus Coetzee, 1968 is reported first time from West Bengal, India. The species was collected from the district South-24-Parganas (Sub division- Alipur Sadar; Block- Maheshtala), West Bengal, India in the month of October, 2006 from the potato (Solarium tuberosum L.) field. Four females were collected but no male was found. The present species is characterized by medium sized body (L=l.22-1.30 mm); buccal cavity measured as: 31.85-32.66 X 11.55-11.98 μm, large dorsal tooth occupying more than 80% of the total buccal cavity length; gonad amphidelphic; tail 4.09-4.21 anal diameter long, tail elongated, clavate at the end. Three caudal glands and spinneret opening terminal, distinct caudal papillae at the tail terminus.

2 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

004789   Hooda S (Bio Sciences Dep, M.D. Univ, Rohtak-124 001, Email: santoshhooda@gmil.com) : Developmental characteristics of selected Drosophila species and Zaprionus indianus. J Ecobiol 2009, 25(4), 363-70.

Effect of temperature on growth from egg to adult, viability and speed of development in different species Drosophila and Zaprionus indianus collected from Rohtak district (Haryana) were compared. Comparisons were done between cosmopolitan, sub-cosmopolitan and tropical species of Drosophila and a related genus Zaprionus. The data on percent hatchability and viability for six Drosophila species and Z.indianus are consistent with species specific adaptations of their habitat. Two cold adapted species (D. takahashii & D. busckii) have shown significantly higher hatchability at lower thermal range. By contrast, for D. ananassae & Z.indianus, the trends are in opposite direction. For cosmopolitan species, life history traits evidenced higher values across full thermal range.

2 illus, 4 tables, 10 ref

004788   Gupta Y C;Singhal P (Zoology Dep, B. S. A. College, Mathura-281 004) : Bionomics of guava fruit fly Dacus diversus (Coquillett) (Diptera : tephritidae) on some fruits. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 15-20.

Bionomics of guava fruit fly, Dacus diversus (Coquillett) is described with the aim of having a thorough understanding of their bloecology for identifying the vulnerable stage and precise time for undertaking control operations. Besides guava, mango and sapota fruits were also considered for comparison of duration of various developing stages of the pest.

2 illus, 12 ref

004787   Gupta Y C;Rao N (Zoology Dep, B.S.A. College, Mathura-281 004) : Description of a new species of Aborolabis Srivastava, 1969 from india (Dermaptera : Anisolabidae). Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 57-60.

A new species of the genus Aborolabis Srivastava, 1969, A. adyae sp.nov. is described from Uttar Pradesh, India alongwith the redescribed of the genus.

8 illus, 8 ref

004786   Gupta Y C;Chaturvedi D K;Gupta A (Zoology Dep, B.S.A. College, Mathura-281 004) : Description of a new species of Cylindrostethus fieber, 1861 from India (Hemiptera : Heteroptera, Gerridae). Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 43-8.

A new species of the genus Cylindrostethus fieber, C. matsudi sp.nov. is described from Uttar Pradesh, India.

9 ref

004785   Garcia T;Martinez D;Palmero A;Soto C;Tejuca M;Pazos F;Menendez R;Alvarez C;Garateix A (Centro De Bioproductos Marinos, Loma y 37, Plaza, CP 10600, La Habana, Cuba, Email: cebimar@infomed.sld.cu) : Pharmacological effects of two cytolysins isolated from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus. J Biosci, Bangalore 2009, 34(6), 891-8.

Sticholysins I and II (St I/II) are cytolysins purified from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus. In this study, auther show their pharmacological action on guinea-pig and snail models in native and pH-denatured conditions in order to correlate the pharmacological findings with the pore-forming activity of both isoforms. In guinea-pig erythrocytes (N - 3), St II possessed higher haemolytic activity in comparison with St I and this activity was lost at an alkaline pH. In molluscan central neurons (N= 30), they irreversibly decreased the amplitude of the cholinergic response; St I (EC₅₀ 0.6 μmolL^-1) was more potent than St II (EC₅₀<62>6.6μmolL^-1) and they both increased the duration of the action potential; these effects were absent at an alkaline pH. In guinea-pig isolated atrium (N= 25), both increased the amplitude of the contraction force, but St II was more potent than St I (EC₅₀0.03 μmolL^-1 and 0.3 μmolL^-1, respectively) and this effect persisted at an alkaline pH. In summary, both cytolysins have neuroactive and cardioactive properties. The main mechanism in molluscan neurons seems to be associated with the cytolytic activity of these molecules, whereas in guinea-pig atrium, the existence of an additional pharmacological mechanism might be contributing to the observed effect.

4 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

004784   Gambhir R K;Zenith N G;Gyaneswori I; Lakshmipyari W (Life Sciences Dep, Parasitology Section, Manipur Univ, Canchipur-795 003) : New trematode of the genus Astiotrema Loss, 1900 from a fresh water fish Clarias batrachus from Manipur, India. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(1), 21-4.

Astiotrema heterospinosa sp. nov. has been described from the intestine of a female Clarias batrachus, a fresh water catfish in Manipur. The species is characterized by the presence of spines all over the body, shorter pharynx, ventral sucker larger than the oral sucker and longer seminal vesicle. The detailed study of the species revealed that it belongs to the family Plagiorchidae, Ward 1917 and the comparative studies done with the other known species of the genus suggest that it can be proposed as a new species to science.

1 illus, 4 ref

004783   Deepa S;Srikumar M (Aquatic Biology & Fisheries Dep, Kerala Univ, Kariavattom, 695 581) : Biochemical effects of Ganoderma lucidum extracts on Rattus norvegicus Albinus. J Ecobiol 2009, 24(1), 79-84.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Gl), on biochemical constituents (lipid, protein, glycogen & nucleic acid) of kidney tissues of rat. Two Gl extracts Ganocelium and Reishy gano (GL-RG) were given by gastric intubation for 30 days (1st week, a dose of 0.75 mg Gl/rat & 0.36 mg RG/rat and during the further days, a double dose of 1.5 mg GL/rat & 0.72 mg RG/rat) to normal (NL), cholesterol (CHL) and alloxan (AN) treated group of rats. GL-RG administration exhibit lowered lipid and tissue glycogen changed effect through its hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic activities, respectively. It also altered the protein and nucleic acid content in Rattus norvegicus albinus.

3 tables, 23 ref