000321   Aggarwal R A K;Dixit S P;Verma N K;Ahlawat S P S;Kumar Y;Kumar S;Chander R;Singh K P (NO, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal-132 001, Email: rajeev@nbagr.ernet.in) : Population genetics analysis of Mehsana goat based on microsatellite markers. Curr Sci 2007, 92(8), 1133-7.

Genetic variation at 25 microsatellite loci was examined in Mehsana goats of Gujarat, which contribute significantly to the economy of small farmers by providing milk and meat. Estimation of effective number of alleles and gene diversity frequently observed in microsatellite markers revealed substantial genetic variation. The mean number of observed alleles per microsatellite marker was 12.28 and that of effective alleles was 6.23. The average observed and expected heterozygosity values were 0.652 and 0.765 respectively. The mean polymorphic information content value (0.724) further reflected high level of polymorphism across the loci. Within-population inbreeding estimate (F_is = 0.156) showed moderate level of inbreeding, which warranted adoption of appropriate breeding strategies under field conditions. The high level of genetic variability, however, suggested the scope for further genetic improvement of Mehsana goats. The information genªerated in this work may be utilized for studying differentiation and relationships among different Indian goat breeds.

^ssc3 tables, 17 ref

001359   Verma J;Nautiyal P (Zoology Dep, H.N.B. Garhwal Univ, Srinagar-246 174) : Longitudinal patterns of distribution of epilithic diatoms in a lesser Himalayan stream. J Hill Res 2009, 22(2), 105-9.

2 tables, 23 ref

001358   Sharma G;Nesemann H;Sharma S (NO, Zoological Survey of India, Gangetic Plains Regional Station, Rajendra Nagar, Patna-800 016) : Discovery of a population of a virtually unknown large freshwater bivalve Parreysia rajahensis (Lea, 1841) (Unionoidea : Amblemidae) in the river Subernarekha, India. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 195-204.

Living populations of a large freshwater bivalve. Pamysia rajahensis (Lea, 1841) were found for the first time in the river Subernarekha. This bivalve species was found to occur in six localities of that river in altitudes ranging from 11 m to 196 m above mean sea level. In the middle reach of the river at Moori, Lupungdih and Maubhandar only empty shells of this bivalve species were available. Whereas, living populations of this bivalve were observed in the lower reach of the river at Gopiballabhpur and Jaleshwar. In addition, one living specimen of P. rajahensis was found in Kharkai confluence at Domuhani. Water qualities of the sampling sites were measured and relative abundance of this bivalve species along with its associate benthic molluscs was also estimated.

3 illus, 9 tables, 18 ref

001357   Sen R;Mueller U G (NO, Taxas at Austi Univ, Austin, TX, USA-787 12, Email: ruchira05@gmail.com) : Mycocepurus smithii. Resonance 2010, 15(5), 459-61.

2 illus, 6 ref

001356   Sasmal S K;choudhury A;Dash G (NO, S.D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Bamankhali, Sagar Island, 24 Parganas (S), West Bengal) : Composition, diversity distribution and seasonal changes of fish juveniles in Hooghly Estuary of Sagar Island, Sundarbans, West Bengal. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(1), 67-71.

The fish juveniles surveys were conducted in Hooghly estuary near Sagar Island in Indian Sundarban in 2008 to study their composition, diversity, distribution and seasonal occurrence. A total of 65 species belonging to 27 genera under 20 families were identified from two stations of Hooghly estuary at Sagar Island, viz., Baguakhali and Chemaguri. Of the 20 families, Engraulidae represented highest diversity of 12 species, followed by Mugilidae (8 species), Chipeidae (7 species) and Gobiidae (6 species). The diversity of species was minimum during post-monsoon and maximum in pre-monsoon periods. The most doninant families were Engraulidae, Mugilidae, Culpeidae, Gobidae and Cynoglossidae. The composition and diversity fish juveniles in the Baguakhali was higher than that of Chemaguri in all seasons.

2 tables, 9 ref

001355   Sasmal S K;Choudhury A;Dash G (NO, S.D. Marine Biological Research Institute, Bamankhali, Sagar Island, 24-Pgs (S), West Bengal) : Salinity pH and species diversity of ichthyoplankton in Hooghly estuary, West Bengal, India. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 167-74.

Investigation on some limnological factors like salinity and pH as well as species diversity of ichthyoplankton at three different sampling stations, viz., Light house (Station-1), Kachuberia (Station-2) and Haldia (Station-3) in the Hooghly estuarine complex of West Bengal was carried out. Samples of ichthyoplankton and water were collected every month during 2008. Station-1 recorded higher values of salinity, pH and species diversity compared to those of Station-2 and Station-3. The salinity and pH played an important role for survival of ichthyoplankton in the estuarine environment. Species diversity of ichthyoplankton also varied among the sampling stations. In all the stations maximum number of ichthyoplankton was available during pre-monsson (March to June) and minimum during monsoon (July to October). The species diversity gradually declined from the mouth towards the upper stretches of the estuary with the decrease in the salinity and pH of water.

5 tables, 15 ref

001354   Sarkar N K (NO, , 28 Mogaltuli, Chinsurah-712 101, Email: nirmalsur2002@yahoo.com) : Two new species of Ceratomyxa thelohan 1892 (Myxosporia: Ceratomyxidae) from the gallbladder of some catfishes of the Bay of Bengal off West Bengal coast, India. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(1), 29-34.

Ceratomyxa macrovalvula sp.n. and Ceratomyxa cylindrobiconica sp. n. (Myxosporea : Ceratomyxidae) have been described from the gallbladder of Arms sagor and A. sona respectively (Ariidae) collected from the Bay of Bengal off West Bengal coast, India. These two Ceratomyxa spp. have been compared with their related Ceratomyxa species.

8 illus, 20 ref

001353   Roy M;Nandi N C (Zoology Dep, 148, Ramkrishna Sarani, Vivekananda Pally, Behala, Kolkata-700 060) : Rise in water temperature of Indian museum tank-a hydro-historical study. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 243.

Earlier investigation in 1930 by Pruthi (1935) revealed that temperature of the tank water varied from 20.5°C to 33.0°C (28.83°C). Month-wise variations in water temperature presented in Table 1 indicate a rise in temperature of 1.17°C during the span of about eighty years. This may be due to changes in aquatic environments of the tank and/or climate changes in the terrestrial environments surrounding the tank.

1 table, 2 ref

001352   Negi S;Bhandari R S;Joshi V D;Kumar A (Zoology Dep, Govt. P.G. College, Kotdwar) : Electroantennogram (EAG) of Hoplocerambyx spinicornis to the volatiles of Shorea robusta. J Mount Res 2007, 2(Dec), 77-82.

An EAG response of Sal heartwood borer Hoplacerambyx spinicornis were studied against the volatiles cf Shores robusta such as leaf oil, bast oil, Heartwood oil and ethereal extract of resin. The present study showed that male and female beetles responded differently due to the possession of varied number of chemoreceptor sites in both the sexes as revealed from the 3-Dimensional SEM.

1 illus, 10 ref

001351   Nautiyal P;Semwal V P (Zoology Dep, H N B Garhwal Univ, Srinagar-246 174, Email: reader12@rediffmail.com) : Spatial distribution patterns of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages in the mountain streams: Mandakini basin-gangetic drainage of the western Himalayas. J Hill Res 2009, 22(1), 21-8.

Patterns of longitudinal variations in benthic macroinvertebrate community were observed in the mountain streams with respect to sub-basin, forest type and altitude in the Mandakini basin (30°17' to 30°49' North and 78°49' to 79°32' East) located close to snow line. Nine stations were selected on seven streams draining four sub-basins at altitudes ranging from 2440 to 733 m as/; the Kakra having Conifer Oak- Rhododendron Forest (CORF) and Mixed Forest (MF), Byung with Oak-Pine Forest (OPF) and Swar comprising Banjh-Oak Forest (BOF) and Pine Forest (PF). 900 samples (5 quadrates of 1 ft^{2 per site x 9 sites x 20 months) were obtained from May 1999 to December 2000. The density was higher in the Kakra and Swar compared with the Rawan and Byung. The mean density of benthic macroinvertebrate was high during winter (peak January) and low during monsoon (July and August). Trichoptera dominated the Kakra (51%), Byung (45%) and Rawan (40%) while Ephemeroptera the Swar sub-basin. Altitudinal/y, the Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera occurred in unequal proportions (20-23%, 31-51%) at higher elevation (880-2440 m) in the Kakra compared with balanced share (35-38%, 32-33%) at tower elevation (733-1400 m) in the Swar which was reflected in the forest type and consequently the organic load, thereby influencing the taxonomic composition of the community. Longitudinally, the Ephemeroptera increased with the downward flow the magnitude of which was high in the Rawan (23-34%) followed by Kakra (20-33%) and Swar (35-38%). The forest types and the sub-basins were scraper dominated; Trichoptera in CORF, OFF and MF while Ephemeroptera in BOF and PF, the 'ecological equivalents'within the Mandakini basin. The functional aspect of the Continuum concept did not fit in these streams, due to absence of the shredders. The biome dependency hypothesis also did not fit, as 2 stations in similar forest type (MF) had identical community, but not in the OPFin the Rawan and Byung sub-basins.}

3 illus, 2 tables, 36 ref

001350   Narendran T C;Girish Kumar P (Zoology Dep, Calicut Univ, Kerala-673 635, Email: drtcnarendran@yahoo.com) : Three new species of pteromalidae (Hymenoptera : Chalcidoidea) from Sundarbans, West Bengal, India. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 123-30.

Three new species of Pteromalidae, viz., Panstenon bcngalense Narendran and Girish Kumar sp. nov., Psilocera iieoclavicornis Narendran and Girish Kumar sp. nov. and Pteromalus sunderbanicus Narendran and Girish Kumar sp, nov. are described. Characters separating closely resembling species are provided.

12 illus, 8 ref

001349   Mandal T K;Hoque M;Pal J (Zoology Dep, Malda College, Malda, West Bengal) : Observations on general behaviour of an anabantid fish, Colisa fasciata. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(1), 79-85.

The anabantid fishes (modern bony fishes) are vegetable and animal feeder. They have excellent capacity to adapt in various types of habitat like freshwater, slightly brackish water and even polluted water where the DO2 is of least amount. They can also survive in aquarium conditions very smoothly and feel natural environment in it. In the present study, considerable efforts have been given to observe the general bahaviour of an anabantid fish Colisa fasciata. The general bahaviour pattern of C. fascaita consisted of various motor pattern, e.g., swimming, hovering floating, fin-flickering, flexing, chaffing, snapping of mouth, air gulping, bubble blowing, resting, fright and feeding behaviour.

10 illus, 20 ref

001348   Mandal S;Ray R (Zoology Dep, Presidency College, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata-700 073) : New septate gregarine Neohirmocystis trogodermae N. SP. from Trogoderma granarium (Insecta : Coleoptera) from Sundarban region of West Bengal, India. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 131-5.

Morphology and life history of one new septate gregarine (Apicomplexa : Conoidasida) Neohirmocystis trogodermne n. sp. from the coleopteran insect pest, Trogoderma gnmarium collected from Sundarban region of West Bengal, India has been described.

9 illus, 1 table, 3 ref

001347   Mandal S (Zoology Dep, Presidency College, Kolkata-700 073) : Effect of aila on the chemical properties of agricultural soil of Sundarban. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 241-2.

Water containing salinity > 2.2 millimos is not used for irrigation purpose of paddy (Nayban, 2002). So farmers have faced a critical problem to wards paddy cultivation after Aila due to significant increase in soil salinity. Das and Ghosh (1999) mentioned highly salt tolerant crops like cotton, sunflower, mustard, khesari, water melon, chilli, sugar beet, beet, tomato, spinach, sweet potato and sugarcane, etc. Maas. (1984) enlisted maximum soil salinity tolerance of different crops like cotton-7.7, sugar beet-7.0, beet-4.0, paddy-3.0, tomato-2.5, spinach-2.0, sugarcane-1.7 and sweet potato-1.5 (millimos). In this context and keeping the salinity factor in view, the stagnant water sample and soil sample from ten different sites of Basanti Block of Surdanban Region have been collected for analysis.

1 table, 3 ref

001346   Mandal B;Mukherjee A;Banerjee S (Zoology Dep, Calcutta Univ, 35, Ballygaunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700 019) : Isolation of some carotenoid rich floral bioresources for preparation of diet additives in aquaculture. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 237-9.

Deals with the estimation of major factors that influence the career choice among the students of Higher Secondary level in Kolkata and suggests that the process of career choice among the students of H.S level involves the academic achievement, sex-bias, family imposition, self-interest, parent's educational level, etc.

1 table, 8 ref

001345   Kukreti M;Bisht M S (Zoology Dep, HNB Garhwal Univ, Pauri Campus, Uttarakhand-246 001) : Ecology and habitat preference of chukar partridge Alectoris chukar (Gray) in Garhwal Himalaya, India. J Mount Res 2007, 2(Dec), 51-9.

The biotic characteristics and habitat preference of the Chukar partridge Alectoris chukar was studied from January, 2003 to June, 2004 in District Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand. The habitat of Chukar comprised of temperate forest, scrubs, grassland, crop fields and rocks, from which 45 species of plants representing 23 families were recorded. The family Fabaceae has largest number of 6 species (including both shrubs and herbs), followed by the grass family Poaceae (5 species). During the study, 41 species of birds and 5 species of mammals were found sharing habitat with Chukar partridge. All five micro-habitats viz., forest, scrub, grassland, crop fields, and rocks were used by Chukar partridge through out the year. Scrub habitat and crop fields were used comparatively more especially during the breeding and post breeding period. Rocks were used in all the months.

1 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

001344   Indu V R;Chungath J J;Harshan R K;Ashok N (Veterinary Anatomy and Histology Dep, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthi, Thrissur-680 651) : Plicae of bursa of fabricius in white pekin ducks. Indian vet J 2009, 86(3), 295-6.

A study on the changes in plicae at different stages of growth was undertaken in the bursa collected from 51 White Pekin ducks. The number and size of plicae and the follicles in it were maximum at 58 days of age and showed a general decrease thereafter.

7 ref

001343   Harit G;Srivastava N (Zoology Dep, Centre for Advanced Studies, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004, Email: haritgarima@yahoo.co.in) : Bioaccumulatiion and elimination of endosulfan in muscle, gilis and blood of Channa punctatus. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(1), 13-20.

After exposure of Channa punctatus to sub-lethal concentrations of endosulfan for 120 hrs, residues of endosulfan were estimated quantitatively in muscle, gills and blood. Maximum accumulation of endosulfan was observed in the gills. Treated fishes were subsequently transferred to endosulfan free freshwater for another 120 hrs in order to study the recovery response of these fishes. During recovery phase, slow and steady elimination of endosulfan residue was observed in both treated groups, showing non-significant removal in muscle and highly significant removal in gills and blood. Results reveal that muscle, gills and blood of C. punctatus have the ability to bioaccumulate endosulfan even at low concentrations and short exposure. This may in turn lead to various degenerative processes which will influence physiology and nutritive value of the fish.

2 tables, 27 ref

001342   Harit G;Srivastava N (Zoology Dep, Centre for Advanced Studies, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004, Email: haritgarima@yahoo.co.in) : Evaluation of haematological parameters and endosulfan accumulation in blood of Channa punctatus followed by subsequent recovery. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 159-66.

Study has been undertaken to investigate alterations in some haematological parameters along with endosulfan accumulation in blood of Channa punctqtua after sub-chronic exposure to endosulfan. A statistically significant decline is observed in RBC, Hct, Hb and MCHC content in all the treated groups, reflecting an anaemic condition of the fish. Results indicate significant elevation in WBC, MCV, MCH, blood glucose and endosulfan content in blood, indicating a stress condition. Post exposure recovery was noted on depuration for another fortnight. Mild recovery was noted in haematological parameters and blood glucose along with slow elimination of endosulfan.

2 tables, 31 ref

001341   Gricilda Shoba F;Thomas M (Zoology Dep, Voorhees College, Vellore-632 001) : Anti-diarrhoeal evaluation of four medicinal plants in caecectomized mice. Biomedicine 2009, 29(4), 392-5.

Study examined the effect of methanol extracts of Acorus calamus rhizome, Pongamia glabra leaves, Aegle marmelos unripe fruit and Psidium guyava rootbark for their anti diarrhoeal potential against castor oil induced diarrhoea in normal and caecectomized mice. Caecectomized model is used as a means to evaluate drugs having antidiarrhoeal effect to treat secretary diarrhoea.

1 table, 20 ref

001340   Gadi S D;Patil R K (Zooology Dep, Carmel College for Women, Nuvem-Salcette, Goa-403 601) : Monsoon-related flux in inter-tidal foraminiferal diversity in the west coast of India. Int J Ecol envir Sci 2009, 35(4), 343-57.

Paleomonsoons rely on fossil foraminifera (forams) of sea bed core samples. While the stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen of foram shells are predominantly analysed, fluxes in foraminiferal assemblage in response to monsoons are not well recorded. To asses such fluxes at the level of the taxon as well as individual species, a study of inter-tidal foraminiferal diversity was undertaken over a period of 1 8 months, from October 2004 to March 2006, at an estuarine and a non- estuarine site on the west coast of India. Well-defined seasonality was seen both in live (LFN) and total foraminiferal number (TFN). The LFN and TFN reached a peak after SW monsoons with a lag of about three months. Population density, species richness and Shannon diversity indices of forams decline during summer and are lowest during monsoon. Several dominant species show seasonal fluxes with decrease in density during monsoon and peaks following post-monsoon. The density of angular, asymmetric forams increases during post-monsoon period. Fluxes in foram diversity correlate significantly with hydrological and sediment characteristics affected by monsoon. Forams showed significant (0.01 level) positive correlation with calcium and pH levels. It is likely that organic matter and phosphate enrichment due to monsoon and ocean upwelling increases foram density. These observations are useful in proxy validation of core sample data aimed at deducing paleomonsoons and paleoclimate.

4 illus, 5 tables, 42 ref

001339   Dobriyal A K;Bahuguna A K;Joshi H K;Balodi V P;Bahuguna P K;Thapliyal A;Kotnala C B (Zoology Dep, H.N.B. Garhwal Univ, Puri Campus, Garhwal-246 001) : Histological study on the pre and post-spawning changes in the ovary of Barilius baran (HAM.). J Mount Res 2007, 2(Dec), 83-91.

Deals with the histological studies on the pre and post spawning changes in the ovar of Barilius barna, a hillstream minor carp from Garhwal Himalaya, Uttaranchal. The fish is a protracted spawner that breeds during July- August. On the basis of detailed morpho-histological features of the ovary, the ovarian cycle of Barilius barna can be divided in to preparatory period (December to January), early pre-spawning period, (February to First Fortnight of March), late pre-spawning period (second fortnight of March to April), Spawning and Partly spent period (Late may to early August), Completely spent period (Late August to September), and resting Period (October to November).

7 illus, 19 ref

001338   Dev Roy M K;Nandi N C (NO, Zoological Survey India, Crustacea Section, 27, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700 016) : Freshwater crustaceans of lentic and lotic ecosystems in West Bengal. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 175-94.

An inventory of freshwater crustaceans from the state of West Bengal is attempted for the first time. A total of 185 species belonging to 95 genera and 29 families have been recorded from lentic and lotic ecosystems of the state. Habitat-wise as well as district-wise distribution of those species has been presented. Threats to crustacean diversity have also been briefly discussed.

4 tables, 74 ref

001337   Bindu L (NO, , M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 253, Email: bindlajapathi@yahoo.com) : Cryopreservation of spermatozoa in fisheries sector. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(1), 21-7.

Importance of cryopreservation in aquaculture is a widely accepted fact. It is an important component of genetic conservation programmes for fish and is an alternative method of preserving endangered stock at low temperature. Spermatozoa may be preserved for short-term or long-term. Semen is usually preserved in extended media at lower temperatures. An ideal extender for semen should contain cryoprotective materials to minimize cellular damage during freezing and thawing by reducing the thermal shock.

1 table, 25 ref

001336   Basu S;Modak B K;Haldar D P (Biology Dep, Uttarpara Govt. High School, P.O. Uttarpara, Dist Hooghly-712 258, Email: basusaugata@fastmail.fm) : Comparative study on the prevalence of myxozoan (Myxozoa : Myxosporea : Bivalvulida) and trichodinid (Ciliophora : Mobilina : Trichodinidae) fish parasites in pure and hybrid carps of Jhalda, Purulia, West Bengal. J envir Sociobiol 2009, 6(2), 137-43.

The prevalence of two major groups of protozoan fish parasites, viz., myxozoans (Myxozoa : Myxosporea : Bivalvulida) and trichodinids (Ciliophora : Mobilina : Trichodinidae) in pure and hybrid carps reared in three pisciculture ponds at Jhaida in Purulia, West Bengal. It has been revealed that infection rate was remarkably higher in hybrid carps. Monthly prevalence of these parasites obtained during the study period along with month-wise analysis of physical and chemical environmental parameters of pond water have also been incorporated.

4 tables, 8 ref

001335   Bahuguna S N;Khatri S;Bahuguna G;Bahuguna D N (Zoology & Biotechnology Dep, H.N.B. Garhwal Univ, Srinagar Garhwal-246 174, Email: bahugunasn@rediffmail.com) : Gross morphology of alimentary canal and seasonal variation in feeding of Noemacheilus bevani (Gunther) from Garhwal Himalayas. J Hill Res 2009, 22(1), 9-13.

The gross morphology of the alimentary canal and the seasonal variation in food and feeding habits of Noemacheilus bevani were studied. The observations indicated it to be a camivorus species. The alimentary canal is shorter than the body length. Maxillary and pharyngeal teeth are present, gill rakers are short and pointed. Buccopharynx, pharynx, oesophagus including stomach is short, highly muscular and narrow with thick longitudinal mucosal folds. Intestine is short and without loops. There is no distinct demarcation or valve between the intestine and the rectum. The amount of animal food is comparatively more and the range of the Relative Gut Length (RLG) was 0.771 to 0.839. The study of Gastro-Somatic Index (GSI) revealed that the feeding intensity attains its peak in March and October, while it is recorded minimum in August.

1 illus 3 tables, 22 ref

001334   Anil Kumar;Yadav P R;Negi S;Joshi V D (Zoology Dep, Govt (P.G.) College, Kotdwara) : Integrated pest management of sugarcane pest Pyrilla perpusilla Walker (Hemiptera). J Mount Res 2007, 2(Dec), 47-50.

Sugarcane belongs to the grass family and is classfied in the tribe Andropogonal under Graminae. The genus Saccharum, is very sensitive and reacts sharply to any stress, it may be any environmental factor, insect-pests or cultural practices. It is grown exclusively for its sugar and an important by product Molasses in sugar industry. One of the main reasons for this low sugar recovery has been attributed to the heavy infestatioon caused by large number of insect pests, right from the date of planting to the harvesting of the crop. Important pest of sugarcane are stem borer.shoot borer, top borer, Pyrilla, scale insect, mealy bugs, termites. The integrated pest control (IPM), utilizes all suitable techniques and methods in a compatible manner as possible and maintains the pest population at levels below those causing economic injury. So for the control of sugarcane pest (Pyrrilla perpusilla) IPM is being applied. In the study we recommend Tetrasticus pyriillae (egg parasite) with chemical (endosulfan) as a control measure.

1 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

001333   Ali S M Z (NO, National Degree College, Rambagh, Purnea Associated with WWF-India, New Delhi, Email: zulfiquarali_bgp@rediffmail.com) : Community analysis tools and beyond that: a case study of aquatic insects. Indian Sci Cruiser 2009, 23(5), 29-33.

A study of water bodies establish the fact that Sigara distincta becomes rare in certain times of year and starts their multiplication at a very low value of Yo so they sometimes is com-pletely obliterated in unfavorable conditions. In case of Bargain pond S distincta maintains its population though out year due to high value of Yo with other condition also favorable for its growth & multiplication. So S. distincta is an example of unfolding such habitat where its both r and k (max r) are observed. In this water body total 14 species of insects were found. On the other hand S. distincta was also the dominant species though the year. So the fact comes true that for S. distincta Bargain pond was adequate. So our analysis comes to lie on Globaria leachi which is a rare species whose population remain at a steady state though out the year and falls to Zero. G. leachi were also found in Ranchi lake but its population was less through out the year. Dytiscus sps were found to be abundant though out the year & increase in population is observed when the environmental conditions becomes favorable. Dytiscus sps was also dominant species in most month. Among the 11 species of Ranchi lake and 14 species of Bargain pond aquatic insect community, Laccotrephis masulatus, Ranatra elongata and Hydrophilus olivaceous are other rare species as their number is low and steady but they cannot be considered rare as they are large species and their power of dispersal is great as that of Dytiscus sps. Besides this a comparison between the curve also shows a correlation between the common (Dominant) and rare species.

8 ref

001332   Adesh Kumar;Ashok Kuamr;Trivedi M C (Zoology Dep, B.L.J. Govt. Degree College, Purola, Uttaranchal) : Prevalence of ectoparasites infesting sheeps of Garhwal region. J Mount Res 2007, 2(Dec), 113-22.

An attempt was made to estimate the prevalence of ectoparasites on sheeps of Garhwal, India. Extensive survey work was performed during August 1999 to July 2000. Sheep of Garhwal was found to be infested by three species of lice (i.e. Linognathus ovillus, L. pedalis, Bovicola ovis), two species of ticks (i.e. Boophilus microplus, Hyalomma brevipunctata) and one species of sheep ked (Melophagus ovinus). The prevalence of sheep face louse, L. ovillus was highest (64.2%) followed by sheep foot louse, L. pedalis (63.1%) and sheep biting louse, B. ovis (52.5%). The prevalence of sheep ked and ticks were found 38.3, 35% respectively. The effect of host sex, coat colour, and host age and host health on prevalence rate were also discussed. The intensity of infestation of these ectoparasites was recorded by the coding system. The heavy and very heavy infestation was recorded during the winter months.

3 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

001331   Acharya B K;Vijayan L (Zoology Dep, Sikkim Government College, Tadong-737 102, Email: acharya2skm@gmail.com) : Breeding bird community and their nesting characteristics in the Teesta valley of Sikkim. J Hill Res 2009, 22(1), 1-8.

Breeding observations on birds in the Teesta valley ofSikkim was made during 2004 and 2005. Altogether, 183 nests of 39 species were recorded in four elevation zones of the study area, including reports on breeding of seven species for the first time from Sikkim. Breeding bird community differed among zones. Most of the species breeding in zone I were exclusive to this zone. In total, Grey-backed Shrike Lanius tephronotus had the highest number of nests. As observed in other studies, cup-nesters dominated with 67% species and 69% nests. The nest and nest-site characteristics of a few select species suggest that nest concealment, immediate microhabitat and environmental variables are potential factors for nest-site selection which differed among the species studied.

1 illus, 3 tables, 45 ref

000328   Verma A K;Prasad S B (Zoology Dep, School of Life Sciences, North- Eastern Hill Univ, Shillong-793 022eakhileshverma07@gmail.com) : Antitumor activity of N-butanol fraction of Mylabris cichorii extract in murine ascites Dalton's lymphoma. Bull Life Sci 2010, 16(3), 92-100.

Mylabris cichorii Linnaeus (Family-Meloidae) a blister beetles locally known as "Helicaptor Pok" is commonly used by the people of Karbi Anglong and North-Cachar Hills district of Assam, India against cancer suspected cases. Therefore, the recent study is carried out to explore the antitumor potential of this beetles extract. In the present study extracts of this beetle in different solvent were tested against murine ascites Dalton's lymphoma and the active extract was selected based on increase in life span (ILS) of the host and further fractionated with column chromatography and TLC. It is found that n-butanol fraction of Mylabris cichorii has good antitumor activity with 63.4±2% ILS at the dose of 25mg/kg body weight/day in comparison with control. The light microscopical observation showed that after butanol extract treatment, more leukocyte infiltration towards the tumor cell was observed which leads to the appearance of membrane vacuoles (24-48 hrs) and gradual disintegration of plasma membrane leading to lysis of the tumor cells (72-96 hrs).

3 illus, 18 ref

000327   Solanki G S;Chutia P (Forestry Dep, North Eastern Regional Institute of Science & Technology, Nirjuli-791 109, Email: gssolanki02@yahoo.co.in) : Ethno-medicinal aspects and zoo-therapy in tribal communities in Arunachal Pradesh, India. Int J Ecol envir Sci 2009, 35(1), 67-76.

Arunachal Pradesh is culturally and biodiversity rich tribal state of India; 26 major tribes inhabits there. Tribes in remote areas depend on the natural resources for treatment of various body ailments. Tribal communities of Arunachal Pradesh used 48% mammalian species and 28% avian species as ethno-medicine. 38% carnivores, 21% ungulates, 15% rodents and 13% primates among mammals, and 30% Passeriformes, 24% Ciconoformes constituted their ethno-medicine system. Seven body parts namely meat, bone, fat, gall bladder, alimentary canal, penis and horn of the mammals and five body parts viz, meat, fat, feather, bone and leg of the birds used in traditional medicinal system. Different tribal groups adopted different mode of use of the body parts. It was in the form of raw meat, extract of fat, ash of bones and horns, aqueous extraction of certain dried body organs and decoction in different body ailments. Threatened category of animals including the tiger, bear, deer, hornbill were the animals used in therapeutic practices. The tribal peoples collected all the resources from forest through capturing, hunting, killing, fishing including manual collection.

4 illus, 4 tables, 45 ref

000326   Sabitha Kumari P;Madhavi R;Ramakrishna R (Zoology Dep, Andhra Univ, Visakhapatnam-530 003, Email: madhvir2rediffmail.com) : Neoergasilus japonicus (Harada) (Poecilostromatoida: Ergasilidae), a parasitic copepod new to India. Indian J Fish 2009, 56(4), 287-91.

The ergasilid copepod, Neoergasilus japonicus is recorded for the first time from India. It was found infecting the fingerlings of the carp Labeo rohita in a rearing pond at Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India. A detailed description of the species is provided and also a comparison is made on the morphology of the four Indian species of Neoergasilus. The possibility of introduction of N. japonicus into India through exotic fish species is discussed.

1 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

000325   Rautela K;Negi K S;Bisht K L;Joshi V D; Rautela A S;Kishor Kumar;Dobriyal A k (Zoology Dep, Govt. PG College, Kotdwara, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand) : Correlative analysis of some detrimental factors with ovarian maturity in three hillstream fishes. J Mount Res 2009, 4(Dec), 158-62.

Spawning behaviour of hillstream fishes is influenced by a consortium of environmental factors. Deals with the study of impact of four important detrimental factors, viz., water temperature, velocity of water current, dissolved oxygen and total alkalinity on the maturation of the ovaries of three hillstream fishes, viz., Garra lamta, Glyptothorax telchitta and Bof/a day/Hora from Khoh river of Garhwal Himalaya.

1 tables, 15 ref

000324   Rajesh Kumar;Neeraj Kumar;Ramamurthy V V (Entomology Div, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, Email: rajesh.ento@gmail.com) : Taxonomic aid to two species of genus Parnara Moore (1881) (Hesperiidae : Lepidoptera) from north India. J Mount Res 2009, 4(Dec), 140-6.

Describes two species of Parnara (Hesperidae:Lepidoptera) collected from various north Indian states of India from taxonomic angles alongwith the details of male and female genitalia. It is envisaged that the re-description (covering all the important taxonomic details), of both the pest species attacking Cowpea, French bean and Yam shall prove to be useful in correct identification of these species.

30 illus, 10 ref

000323   Rai A K;Dutta M (Life Sciences Dep, Dibrugar Univ, Dibrugarh-786 004, Email: ashokrai04@yahoo.co.in) : Effect of hydrocortisone on the pattern of cutaneous wound healing in Clarias magur (Linn.) (Clariidae, pisces). Bull Life Sci 2010, 16(3), 50-65.

The effect of sub lethal intramuscular dose of hydrocortisone, on the pattern of cutaneous wound healing has been studied in Clarias magur. Hydrocortisone revealed a stimulatory effect on the migration of epidermal cells and lessened the period of epithelialization of the wound gap from 5h to 2h. More fibrous exudates accumulated in the wound gap. Numerous fine blood capillaries were noticed within the wound gap in between 60 h to 4 days after wounding. Although the formation of granulation tissue and the appearance of fibroblasts were slightly delayed, yet inhibitory effect of hydrocortisone on the collagen synthesis could not be noticed. Instead, this study has suggested the accelerated rate of collagen synthesis after hydrocortisone treatment. The completion of wound repair within 15 days after infliction indicated the stimulatory effect of hydrocortisone on the process of repair. The accelerated mode of cutaneous wound repair has been correlated with anti-inflammatory action of hydrocortisone. Extensive display of pigments is attributed to their bactericidal properties.

1 table, 34 ref

000322   Rahman I (Zoology Dep, Sibsagar College, Joysagar-785 665) : Insecticidal potential from some locally available plants against bunch caterpillar, Andraca bipunctata Walker. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). Bull Life Sci 2010, 16(3), 11-17.

Experiment on effect of few plant extracts against Bunch Caterpillar, Andraca bipunctata Walker, revealed that all the extracts were toxic to the caterpillars. However, highest mortality was recorded in the chloroform extracts of Polygonum hydropiper Linn. and Pogostemon parviflorus Benth. causing 100% mortality at 2.0% concentration. Further studies also revealed that the fraction No III (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether, 1:5) of P. hydropiper and No IV (ethyl acetate/petroleum ether, 1:3) of P. parviflorus were most effective against the caterpillar causing 100 and 96.67% mortality respectively.

2 tables, 11 ref

000321   Khan V;Sandeep Kumar;Gupta N;Ahmad A;Saxena A K (Zoology Dep, Govt. Raza Postgraduate College, Rampur-244 901) : Prevalence of lice in pigenos. Indian vet J 2009, 86(5), 531-2.

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000320   Han S H;Lee S S;Dho I C;Oh M Y;Oh H S (NO, National Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Rural Development Administration, Jeju, Jeju Republic, Korea-690 150, Email: sciedu@cheju.ac.kr) : Species identification and sex determination of Korean water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) by duplex PCR. J appl Anim Res 2009, 35(1), 61-6.

This study was focused on species identification and sex determination of Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) by duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using two primer sets of sex determining region Y (SRY) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome B (CYTB) genes. The CYTB sequences showed 99.5% similarities in identity with Chinese water deer. The length of water deer SRY gene was 687-bp for 228-amino acids which is 3-bp shorter than those reported from other cervids. Males had two bands: a common CYTB and additional SRY. This study further suggested that duplex PCR test could be a rapid and precise method for sex determination using SRY gene and for species identification as well as for internal positive control in PCR reaction utilizing mitochondrial CYTB gene.

3 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

000319   Dobriyal A K;Balodi V P;Joshi H K;Thapliyal A;Bahuguna P;Uniyal S P;Kotnala C B (Zoology Dep, HNB Garhwal Univ, Campus, Pauri Garhwal-246 001) : Substratum heterogeneity and indicator macrozoobenthos of the Eastern Nayar, Garhwal, Central Himalaya. J Mount Res 2009, 4(Dec), 130-5.

Substratum plays an important role in the thriving of biota at the bottom. It is the medium upon which insects move, find shelter and seek food. In fact it determines to a large extent the micro-environmental conditions under which the insect live. Present Contribution is based on study of substratum and some indicator zoo-benthic species of the river Eastern Nayar from Garhwal Himalaya.

12 ref

000318   Das J N (Zoology Dep, Sibsagar College, Joysagar-785 665) : Fish diversity in relation to physico-chemical properties in floodplain wetlands of upper Brahmaputra valley. Bull Life Sci 2010, 16(3), 29-38.

The floodplain wetlands, locally known as beels in Assam are globally recognized for their biological wealth including fisheries. The beels constitute an important inland fisheries resource and provide livelihood to thousands of poor fisher folks. The present communication deals with fish diversity and selected physico-chemical properties of beel water in the upper Brahmaputra valley. A total of 73 species of fishes (belonging to 46 genera and 20 families) have been reported including 4 endangered and 14 vulnerable species besides making suggestions for sustainable management of beel fisheries of the region.

2 tables, 14 ref

000317   Bhatia D K;Pande R K (Zoology Dep, Govt Degree College, Karmprayag, Dist. Chamoli Garhwal, Uttarakhand) : Antifertility effects of three species of Adiantum ferns decoction in male albino rats. J Mount Res 2009, 4(Dec), 148-56.

The effects of decoction of three species of Adiantum ferns i.e. Adiantum capillus-veneris, Adiantum incisum and Adiantum lunulatum at dose level of 100,250 and 500 mg/kg b.w. were investigated in male albino rats treated for 60 days. Reversibility studies were also carried to elucidate if any induced effects were transient. The body weight or the weight of reproductive organs were not affected, indicating that the extract did not promote weight gain through obesity or water retention. Biochemical parameters i.e. protein, scialic acid, cholesterol, acid phosphatase, Alkaline phosphatase, MDA, SCOT, SGPT, Blood sugar, Blood urea, WBC, RBC, haemoglobin, haematocritetc. levels were within the normal range when compared with normal groups. These result suggested antifertility effects of the decoction of the ferns.

3 illus, 1 table, 31 ref

000316   Bahuguna P;Joshi H K;Rakesh Kumar (Zoology Dep, L.S.M. Post Graduate College, Pithoragarh-262 502) : Quantitative relationship between length and weight of the brain and body in a hill-stream loach, Lepidocephalichthys guntea (Ham.) from Mandal river. J Mount Res 2009, 4(Dec), 136-9.

Deals with study of fish brain and body parameter relationship in the hill-stream loach Lepidocephalichthys guntea (Ham.). An aim of study is to investigate the quantitative length weight analysis of the loach fish in river Mandal of Uttarakhand.

2 tables, 7 ref

020287   Yasotha D;Poongothai M;Manimegalai M;Binu Kumari S (PG and Reseaarch Zoology Dep, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641 029) : Effect on nikel electroplating effluent on seed germination and seedling growing greengram. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2009, 16(1), 225-29.

Influence of different dilutions 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:A & undiluted of nickel electroplating effluent on seed germination, root length, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight and vigour index were recorded. The effect of effluent on various attributes studied was vary with level of dilutions. From this study it has been reported that the undiluted nickel electroplating effluent is toxic even at germination stage. So, it should be treated properly before they are discharged into nearby waterbodies. The treated effluent can be utilized for agricultural irrigation.

2 tables, 14 ref

020286   Vastrad A S;Basavanagoud K;Kavitha Kumari N (Agricultural Entomology Dep, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Sciences Univ, Dharwad-580 005, Email: asvastrad@gmail.com) : Native parasitoids of eucalyptus gall wasp, Leptocybe invasa (Fisher & Lasalle) (Eulophidae: Hymenoptera) and implications on the biological control of the pest. Entomon 2009, 34(3), 197-200.

Several hymenopteran parasitoids emerged from eucalyptus plant material infested by the gall wasp, Leptocybe invasa (Fisher & LaSalle), collected during October 2008. These include Aprostocetus gala Walker and Aprostocetus sp. (Eu-lophidae), Megastigmus sp. (Torymidae) and Parallelaptem sp. (Mymaridae). The extent of combined parasitization ranged from 49 to 74 per cent on severely infested early stage galls (2nd and 3rd). Among the parasitoids, Megastigmus sp. was the most dominant (90.74%) followed by Aprostocetus sp. (6.52%) and A. gala (2.72%).

14 ref

020285   Somasekhara Reddy N;Shanmugam K R;Reddy K M; Mallikarjuna K;Reddy K S (Zoology Dep, Molecular Biology and Exercise Physiology Div, Sri Venkateswara Univ, Tirupati-517 502) : Alcohol induced alterations of the antioxidant enzymes in the brain tissue of male albino rats with reference to aging. Indian J Gerontol 2009, 23(2), 133-44.

Aging though inevitable, is an unwanted biological phenomenon. During the life span, metabolic machinery of the body deteriorates at an increasing rate after the organism reaches its maturity. This process is thought to be related to increase in free radicals generation and oxidative stress. Today, alcohol use and its consequences are issues undergoing extensive debate. So in the present study we made an attempt to investigate the impact of alcohol treatment during aging by selecting two age groups (3months as "young" and 18 months as "old"). The parameters like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutatliione reduclase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutatliione (GSH) were assayed in the brain tissue. These antioxidant enzymes were decreased with the advancement of age and also with alcohol treatment. The decline in antioxidant enzymes with age and alcohol ingestion could be due to the production of reactive oxygen species and the action of these antioxidant enzymes on these species. However, the activities of SOD, CAT, GR and GPx and GSH levels were lesser with alcohol treatment in old rats. We conclude that 2 months alcohol treatment was unsafe to the old rats. It may be concluded that the consumption of alcohol during old age should not be preferable.

1 table, 44 ref

020284   Siva Prasad K;Sree Ramulu K (Zoology Dep, Andhra Univ, Visakhapatnam-530 003) : Ecology of the metazoan parasites of the marine fishes, Gazza achlamys (Jordan & Starks, 1917) and Ariomma Indica (Day, 1871) of the Visakhapatnam coast. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2009, 16(1), 251-8.

In a survey of the metazoan parasites of Gaazza achlamys and Ariomma indica. a commercially important fishes from the Visakhapatnam coast, nineteen species of parasites were found The gill parasites include Monogenca (Chorycoiyle polynemi Mamaev. 1972; Upenicoloides bengalensis; Priceu sp.: Microcolyle sp); Copepoda (Caligns kuroshino Shiino. 1960: Bomolochus decapleri Yamaguti. 1936; B. nothrus Wilson. 1913; Pseitdartacolax laleolahracis Yamaguti and Yamasu. 1959; Pumilopes opislhopleri Shen, 1957; Lernanthropus amphitergum Pearse. 1951; L. ilishae Chin. 1948). The intestinal parasites found were Digenca (Skrjabinozoam n.sp.: Plaginporus sp.; Skrjabinozoam n.sp.: Plagioporus sp) and Acanthocephala (Rhadinorhynchus dilermatis Yamaguti. 1939; R. africaus Golvan Houin and Deltour. 1963; Protorhadinorhynchus sp.; Raorhynchus polynemi Tripathi. 1959; Filisoma indicum Van Cleave. 1928; Longicollum sp.). The species Skrjabinozoam n.sp is first records for the Visakhapatnam coast. Infection prevalence, mean intensity and site specificity are determined for the different parasite species. The parasites have an aggregated frequency distribution in the host population. Some individuals of the Leiognathid population are more heavily infected than expected in a random distribution. while others are very little or not at all infected.

3 table, 22 ref

020283   Singh S K;Maurya N (Zoology Dep, Kutir P.G. College, Chakkey, Jaunpur, Email: singhsanjaysanjaysingh@yahoo.co.in) : Population dynamics of two phthirapteran Ectoparasites pigeons (Columba libiagmelin). Indian J scient Res 2010, 1(1), 63-5.

Population compositions of four phthirapteran ectoparasites infesting pigeons have been determined on 50 birds, at different levels of infestation. An average of 146.3 (n=50, range 18-963) Columbicola columbae, 81.2 (n=42, range 4-297) Hoharstiella lata have been encountered on the pigeons of Jaunpur. Adult hymph ratio remained equal in Columbicola columbae. Nymphs out numbers the adults in case of U. lata. The ratio of three nymphal instars has also been noted nearly in equal pattern

2 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

020282   Sharma G (Desert Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India (MOEF), Pali Road, Jodhpur-342 005, Email: drgaurav.Zsi.india@gmail.com) : Life history and reproductive behaviour of Ceriagrion coromandelianum (Fabricius) (Odonata: insecta). Ann For 2009, 17(2), 298-310.

Life history stages of Ceriagion coromandelianum (Fabricius) has been studied in the field and laboratory during 2002-2004. The study was carried out in Dholbaha Dam (Distt. Horshiarpur, Punjab). Courtship is well marked and male demonstrated a circular territory with a radius of about 40-60cm. The courtship wheel lasts for about 16-24 minutes performed by perching on vegetation. Oviposition is endophytic among the aquatic vegetation and lasts for 2-5 minutes. The duration of reproductive behaviour lasts for 28-42 minutes. Insects were reared from egg to adult. The principal changes in external morphology in different instars and the characters helpful in distinguishing various instars are described. The seasonal regulation of the species has also been studied in the field.

27 illus, 1 table, 29 ref

020281   Shanthi M;Rajavel D S;Baskaran R K M;Nalini R (Agricultural Entomology Dep, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104, Email: cshanthiento07@gmail.com) : New record of Chrysocoris purpureus (Westwood) and C. marginellus (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) on Emblica officinalis Gaertn from India. Entomon 2009, 34(3), 205-6.

Three species of scutellerids, Chrysocoris purpureus (Westwood), C. marginellus (Westwood) and Scutellera nobilis Fab. were recorded on Emblica officinalis Gaertn during a survey. The two Chrysocoris species are new records on this plant from India.

12 ref