014930   Exxon Chemical Patents, Inc (NO, , 200 Park Avenue, Florham Park, New Jersey 87932, USA) : Synergistic polymer composition for use as an additive in oil and fuel to improve cold flow properties. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014929   E.I Du Pont De Nemours and Company (NO, , Wilmington Delaware, USA) : Improved process of producing 3-and/or 4-mono-alkene linear nitriles. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014928   Deshmukh S R (NO, , 3, Ashirwad Bunglow, 20-Sahu Colony, Bansilal Nagar, Aurangabad-431 005) : Process for the manufacture of 2,4-dichloroacetophenone. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014927   De A (NO, , A/56, Artcon Complex, Barasat Road, Amarabati, Sodepur-743178, Dist, 24-Parganas, West Bengal) : Process for preparating tobacoo-betel nut plavourld chewing gum. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014926   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the isolation of bioactive fraction of acaciaside saponins from the fruits of Acacia auriculiformis. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014925   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014924   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the isolation of podophyllotoxin and 4-demethylpodophyllotoxin from the march of podophyllin (podophyllotoxin resin). 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014923   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of polypeptide useful as antiallergic, antiasthmatic and anticomplementary agent. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014922   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the synthesis of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014921   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of 4-(3-dialkyl-amino/hetrocyclicamino prop-2-ene, 1-one), 1-0-(hetrocyclicamino/dialkylamino alkyl) phenols and their salts. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014920   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of D(-) N-Carbamoylphenylglycine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014919   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of 2-(5-phenyl tetrazolyl)-3-furyl-1-hydroxy propane. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014918   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for direct plating of thick nickel on titanium. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014917   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of 4-(4-hydroxy-2-pentadecyl phenyl) azo benzoic acid. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014916   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Novel process for the production of 2-hydroxy-5-alkyl benzophenone oximes. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014915   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the alternate current (AC) electrolytic coating of silica on aluminium surfaces. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014914   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for isolation of 7-xylosyl 1- deacetyl taxol C, an analogue of anticancer drug taxol from taxus sp.. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014913   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of tertiary amino alkoxy derivatives of substitued diaryl 1, 2, 3, 4 tetrahydronaphthyl methane and their salts. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014912   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the isolation of a bioactive fraction from Vitex nugundo. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014911   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Composition useful for the propogation of phragmites species. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014910   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of 8-formyl-7-[1-(alkoxycarbonyl) propyl]-9, 11-dihydro-indolizino (1,2-B) quinoline-9-one. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014909   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of (20R)-3α, 5-cyclo-20, 22-Diethoxy-6β-methoxypregnane. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014908   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of 3α, 5-cyclo-6β-methoxypregna-(20R)-20, 22-diol. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014907   Council of Scientific & Industiral Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of (2R, 3R)-methylphenylglycidate. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014906   Chelakara V L (NO, , 1, Lalit, Uttam Cooperative Housing Society, St. Anthony Road, Chembur, Mumbai-400 071) : Process for the preparing (-)4-4(4-fluorophenyl)-3-[(2-methoxy-1, 3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-methyl]-piperidine, a novel antidepressant. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014905   Centaur Pharmaceuticals, Inc (NO, , 484 Oakmead Parkway, Sunnyvale, California 94086, USA) : Process for preparing furan nitrone compounds. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014904   Calgene Inc (NO, , 1920. Fifth Street, Davi, CA 95616, USA) : Method for extracting oil containing carotenoids and tocopherols form oil seeds. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014903   Bask Aktiengesellschaft (NO, , 67056 Ludwigshafen Federal Republic of Germany) : Process for preparing alkali metal salts of leucoindigo in granular form. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014902   Babcock & Wilcox Company (NO, , 1450, Poydras Street, New Orleans, La 70160, USA) : Method and an apparatus for treating flue gas. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014901   Atofina Chemicals Inc. (NO, , 2000 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-3222, USA) : Process for the recovery of lead metal by electrolysis of its salt in aqueous solution. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014900   Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha (NO, , 2-6, Dojimahoma 1-Chome, Kita-Ku, Osaka-Shi, Osaka 530 Japan) : Improved method for preparing acrylonitrile by ammoxydation. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014899   Arco Chemical Technology (NO, , 2 Greenville Crossing, 4001 Kennett Pike Ste 238, Greenville, De19807, USA) : Process for the preparation of crystalline titanium-containing molecular sieve used in the process of epoxidation of an olefin. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014898   Amoco Corporation (NO, , 200 East Randolph Drive Chicago, Illinois 60601, USA) : Improved process for the preparation of particulate alpha-olefin polymers. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014897   American Cyanamid Company (NO, , Five Giralda Farms, Madison, New Jersey 07940 0874, USA) : Process for the preparation of benzophenone compounds. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014896   Aluminium Pechiney (NO, , Immeuble Balzac 10 Place Des Vosges, LA Defence 5, 92400 Courbevoie, France) : Process for producing alumina trihydrate having required sodium content and grain size simultaneously. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014895   Ajzi Noble N.V. (NO, , 76, 6824, BM Arnhem, The Netherlands) : Process for preparing a reinforced polymer. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014894   Agrogene Ltd (NO, , 27, Hertzfeld 55600 Kiryat Ono and C.T.S. Ltd., P.O. Box 10, 61000 Tel Aviv, Israel) : Method for preparing synergistic fungicidal composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014893   Videm K (Centre for Materials Research, University of Oslo, Gaustadalleen 21, N-0371 Oslo, Norway) : Challenges in electrochemical corrosion assessments due to complex reactions - with examples for steel in concrete. Trans SAEST 1999, 34(1), 6-11.

Commonly applied electrochemical techniques for assessing the severity of corrosion can be misleading when certain phenomena are overlooked. Some electrochemical tests (i.e., potentiodynamic scans) give a number for the corrosion rate without any warning when the result is wrong. The report is based on research with steel in concrete and in synthetic concrete pore water. The polarizing current was found to induce changes of the electrodes that led to a phase shift between potential and current resembling the actions of a very large capacitance. This can distrub common electrochemical techniques seriously. The study discusses the practical problems as well as the electrochemical phenomena behind them.

11 illus, 3 tables, 11 ref

014892   Verma S A;Mehta G N (Chemistry Section, Applied Sciences and Humanities Department, S.V.R. College of Engineering and Technology, Surat-395 007) : Effect of famotidine drug on acid corrosion of mild steel by electrochemical polarisation studies. Trans SAEST 2000, 35(1), 26-9.

Influence of famotidine drug on the corrosion of mild steel in 0.1N HCl and H2SO4 has been studied using electrochemical polarisation. Evaluated corrosion parameters clearly bring out the fact that the drug acts as a cathodic inhibitor, bringing down the corrosion considerably even at very low concentration.

5 illus, 15 ref

014891   Venkataraman G (Welding Research Institute, , BHEL, Tiruchirappali-620 014) : High quality in-situ metallography of engineering components using modified all position in-situ electropolisher. WRI Jl 1999, 20(1), 5-15.

The condition of metallic components after various stages of manufacturing operations and usage is reflected in the microstructure to a large extent. The non-destructive study of microstructures by adopting high quality sample preparation on material condition after various types of service such as creep, fatigue, stress corrosion etc are outlined. In this context the final metallographic polishing is done using MAPINE (Modified All Position IN-situ Electropolisher) developed in-house. The specific features of the new device, working principle and advantages are discussed. After electropolishing and etching, cellulose acetate replicas were taken from the components for detailed evaluation in LOM and SEM. Typical results of various materials such as welded low alloy steel components, stainless steel, Al, Ti, NI alloys and high chromium weld overlay will be presented and discussed. The application on condition assessment of high temperature pressure parts in aged boilers will be discussed with typical photomicrographs showing various levels of creep damage.

2 illus, 23 ref

014890   Vasudevan S;Pushpavanam S (NO, Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi-630 006) : Effect of chromate ion on the formation of black film on the cathode in alkaline water electrolysis. Trans SAEST 2000, 35(3-4), 119-22.

Alkaline water electrolysis is a major industrial electrochemical process for the production of hydrogen. Nickel anode and nickel/mild steel cathodes are usually used with sodium hydroxide (20%) or potassium hydroxide (<126>28%) as electrolyte. During the continous operation of these industrial cells time dependent voltage increase is observed due to carbonation of the electrolyte, clogging of the pores of the asbestos diaphrgams and a black film formation on the cathodes. Experiments were carried out to prevent the film formation by the addition of chromate. The effect of cathode current density and the concentration of the chromate on the formation of the film was evaluated and reported. Chromate ion was found to inhibit the film formation in the concentration range of 0.1 to 0.2 g/l and the film was not observed even after 1000 hrs of operation at the operations of the industrial water electrolysis.

3 illus, 10 ref

014889   Ude C M;Ezenwugo A E N;Agu R C (Department of Applied Biochemistry, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria) : Composition of food value of sclerotium (Osu) and edible mushroom (pleurotus tuber-regium). J Fd Sci Technol 2001, 38(6), 612-14.

Composition and food value of edible mushroom (Pleurotus tuber-regium) and the sclerotium or tuber (osu) from which the mushroom was grown showed that the latter (sclerotium) was a richer source of most of the food nutrients assessed than the former (mushroom). The sclerotium was found to be a rich source of proteins, fat, crude fibre, minerals and carbohydrates. When compared with some of the other important food materials widely consumed in Nigeria, such as root tubers (cassava and yam) or cereals (maize, sorghum and rice), the mushroom (P. tuber-regium) and the tuber (sclerotium) contained a wider range of food nutrients than those of the root tuber and cereal, indicating that P. tuber-regium and the sclerotium had a more balanced food value. The fungus could, therefore, be a cheap source of proteins for many Nigerians who may not afford proteins in their diets from the more commonly known but expensive sources of proteins such as beef or eggs.

^ssc2 tables, 11 ref

014888   Suresh G S;Sankaraiah G;Ravindranath L K (Department of Chemistry, S.S.M.R.V. College, J.P. Nagar, Bangalore-560 978) : Effect of temperature and evaluation of kinetic parameters for the polarographic behaviour of 3-amino-4(4'-substituted benzeneazo)-pyrazoline-5-ones. Trans SAEST 2000, 35(3-4), 91-6.

Polarographic behaviour of 3-amino-4-(4¹'-substituted benzeneazo)-pyrazoline-5-ones have been studied in 40% (v/v) dimethyl formamide (DMF) solution in Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer of pH 4.1 at different temperatures (303.15-333.15 K). The reduction of diffusion controlled and becomes irreversible at high temperaturs. Kinetic parameters were evaluated at different temperatures. The results were explained in the light of a correlation between electrode kinetics and double layer structure. The products obtained by constant potential electrolysis (CPE) were analysed by using IR and NMR spectroscopy and a plausible mechanism for the reduction process is suggested.

4 illus, 3 tables, 27 ref

014887   Srihari K A;Bhagirathi B;Vijaya Rao D;Shylaja R;Radhakrishna K;Padmini S (Division of Freeze and Animal Products Technology, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthanagar, Mysore-570 011) : Development of a rapid test for the enumeration of Escherichia coli in foods. J Fd Sci Technol 2001, 38(6), 583-6.

All strains of E. coli possessing glucoronidase activity can be detected in 13 h by fluorescence when its substrate 4 methyl umbelliferyl β-D glucuronide (MUG) is incorporated in the growth medium. Solid and liquid media containing MUG were compared for the enumeration of E. coli in pure cultures and food samples. Revealed very good correlation (correlation coefficient - 0.986) between the two methods of enumeration. Relationship between fluorescence detection time (FDT) and initial cell concentration of the inoculum was established. FDT was inversely proportional to the initial cell concentration. FDT of 1-13 h corresponds to cell concentrations of 10⁹-10¹ cells/ml. A minimum of 10⁸ cells/ml were required to produce visible fluorescence. A rapid single step method was standardised by adding 1 g of the sample directly to MUG containing broth and FDT was determined. Cell concentration was obtained from the graph (cell concentration v/s FDT). This method can be employed to enumerate E. coli in culture broth as well as food samples like raw meat, pasteurised milk and fresh/raw vegeables.

5 illus, 3 tables, 10 ref

014886   Singh S;Tyagi V K (Department of Oil and Paint Technology, Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, Kanpur-208 002) : Deep-fat-frying of food - its significant on nutrition and health. J Fd Sci Technol 2001, 38(6), 545-52.

Significant proportion of edible oils is used worldwide for deep-fat-frying for various foodstuffs. During repeated usage of oil, many reactions take place leading to the development of various types of decomposition products, which are supposed to be toxic from health point of view. The quality of oils also deteriorates nutritonally and the degree of deterioration depends primarily on the type of oil, its fatty acid composition, the type of food and the way it is being used for frying. The development of fast food centres further enhances the scope of deep-fat-frying becuase of the changing food habits of consumers. This important topic reviewed emphasises various aspects of deep-fat-frying, which has not touched upon in recent years.

^iia6 illus, 72 ref

014885   Sharma S K;Sharma P C;Kaushal B B L (Department of Post-Harvest Technology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Foresty, Nauni, Solan-173 230) : Effect of storage temperature and folds of concentration on quality characteristics of galgal (Citrus pseudolimon Tan.) juice concentrates. J Fd Sci Technol 2001, 38(6), 553-6.

Galgal (Citrus pseudolimon Tan.) juice concentrates of various degrees Brix (45°, 60° and 70.5°B) were prepared using rotary type vacuum evaporator (55±2°C and 28±2" Hg vacuum). Storage studies on these products indicated that all concentrates stored up to six months experienced slight increase in total solids (2.27%), reducing sugars (1.22% dwb), hydroxymethyl furfural (16.75 times) and non-enzymatic browning (3 times) and a consistent decline in ascorbic acid (50.29% dwb). However, the changes in physico-chemical and sensory qualities were comparatively less in concentrates stored under refrigerated conditions (3-7°C) than those stored at room temperature (13.3 - 26.3°C). Further, the retention of quality attributes during storage was better in juice concentrate of 45°B than the concentrates of higher folds.

5 tables, 12 ref

014884   Sharma P C;Sharma S K;Kaushal B B L (Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, , Nauni-173 230) : Preparation and evaluation of some value-added products from hill lemon (Citrus pseudolimon) fruits. Indian J agric Sci 2001, 71(11), 691-4.

In an experiment conducted during 1998-99, the suitability of hill lemon (Citrus pseudolimon Tanaka) fruits was evaluated for the preparation of some new products, viz. juice concentrate, foam mat dried juice powder, carbonated beverage, powedered appetizer and drink. The lemon juice after enzymatic clarification was concentrated to various folds (°brix) using evaporative vacuum concentration. The juice concentration up to 45°B was optimized, as it experienced negligible changes in quality during evaporation. Out of different combinations, the foam mat drying of juice concentrate (45°B) yielded a juice powder of excellent sensory qualities. Chemically, this powder contained 57.75% acidity (citric acid) and 185.88 mg/100 ml ascorbic acid besides other nutrients. For utilization of juice powder, the standardized recipe for preparing ready-to-serve powdered beverage contained sugar (130 g); lemon essence (4.9 ml), cloud (2.6 ml) and coal tar dye (green 1.5 mg) at a fixed level of 5 g lemon juice powder. The beverage powder on dilution to 1 litre yielded a ready-to-serve drink of acceptable sensory qualities. Addition of appropriate amount of powdered spices (13.75 g ginger, 1.67 g each of mint and cumin, 3.25 g common salt, 1.25 g each of black salt, cardamon and black pepper), 125 g sugar, 4.9 ml essence, 2.6 ml of cloud to 8.75 g of lemon juice powder resulted in an appetizer powder of acceptable taste.

2 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

014883   Sandhu K S;Singh M;Ahluwalia P (Punjab Horticultural Post Harvest Technology Centre, Punjab Agricultural University Campus, Ludhiana-141 004) : Processing of guava into pulp and guava leather. J Fd Sci Technol 2001, 38(6), 622-4.

Two cultivars namely, `Allahabad Safeda' and `Banarsi Surkha' were selected to standardize the method for preparation of guava pulp and guava leather and to study the storage behaviour of these products. The outer skin was removed uniformly by dipping the fruits in 0.5% sodium hydroxide for 5 min at 98%C. Both cold and hot break methods were found to be equivalent for extraction of pulp. Pulp recovery by cold extraction method was 59.3 and 72.0% from `Allahabad Safeda' and `Banarsi Surkha' respectively. Pulp from the cultivars had different composition. `Banarsi Surkha' had better quality characteristics. The pasteurized pulp was stored with addition of potassium metabisulphite, sodium benzoate and a combination of both. Composition of pulp and its suitability for the preparation of ready-to-serve drinks were studied during storage. The bottled pulp stored at room temperature with 2000 ppm potassium metabisulphite retained its highly acceptable quality upto six months, as assessed from ready-to-serve drinks prepared from pulp of both the cultivars. Condition were standardized for the preparation of guava leather from preserved pulp with addition of sugar, followed by drying in cabinet drier at 50 ± 5°C for 4 h to a moisture content of about 29.30%. The product wrapped in butter paper and packed in polyethylene bag was found to be acceptable up to 3 month under ambient conditions.

^ssc5 tables, 12 ref

014882   Rao C R K;Pushpavanam M (NO, Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi-630 006) : Deposition behaviour of Pt[(NH3)2(H2O)2]<. Trans SAEST 2000, 35(3-4), 137-9.

The electrodepostion behaviour of platinum from the Pt[NH302(H2)2]⁺² complex bath was investigated on copper and titanium panels and the deposits were characterised by SEM, XRF and XRD techniques. The current efficiencies for the deposition process were examined. The bath deposits bright and adherent coatings. The bath operates at lower temperatures than the Q-bath.

5 illus, 1 tables, 6 ref

014881   Ramasamy M;Sheela G;Pushpavanam M (NO, Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi-630 006) : Silver - molybdenum disulfide electrocomposites. Trans SAEST 2000, 35(3-4), 141-3.

Silver - molybdenumdisulfide electro-composites were produced from a cyanide based electrolyte. The percentage incorporation of the dispersoid in the deposit and the effect of thallium ion addition on their co-deposition were evaluated. Hardness and wear properties of the deposits were evaluated. The thin layer of molybdenum-di-sulfide was also produced on pure electrodeposited silver surface and the coatings were compared.

5 tables, 6 ref