005386   Jakubiak J;Rabek J F (Department of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 3, 30-060 Cracow, Poland) : Three-dimensional (3D) photopolymerization in the stereolithography : technologies of the 3D photopolymerization. Pop Plast Packag 2001, 46(6), 57-64.

Reviews with 28 references covering 3D computer-aided design (CAD)-computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) devices and techniques used in 3D photopolymerization and micromachining processes applied to make stereolithographic products. The former comprise mechanically scanned devices with a stationary laser spot and optically scanned devices with a moving laser spot, laser types (HeCd; argon-ion) including excimer lasers (Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF) associated with 3D photopolymerization techniques and stereolithography software. Micromachines are reviewed and micromachining processes are described used to make stereolithographic products.

18 illus, 29 ref

005385   Hadkar D K (Sterling Engineering Consultancy Services Pvt. Ltd., , Kiran, 27th Road, Bandra, Mumbai-400 050) : Tensile structures - towards the new millennium. Pop Plast Packag 2001, 46(4), 63-5.

Membrane structures, commonly known as tensile structures, are being increasingly used the world-over for a variety of span structures such as stadiums, shopping malls, exhibition grounds, etc. and also temporary for shelters in emergencies like floods and earthquakes, as well as by defence establishment. The base materials for membranes are mainly plastics like PET, NYLON, PVC and FRP.

3 illus

005384   Ghule M M (Plastiblends India Ltd., , B-45 Mahashree Compound, New Linking Road, Andheri (W), Mumbai-400 053) : Polymer processing aid - a wonder product for extrusion techniques. Pop Plast Packag 2001, 46(2), 79-81.

5 illus

005383   Dwivedi D K;Sood S;Thakur V (Mechanical Engineering Department, REC, Hamirpur-177 005) : Influence of microstructure on mechanical properties of cast Al-Si base alloy: effect of grain refinement and artificial age hardening on hardness & toughness. Indian Fndry J 2001, 47(10), 34-7.

Results of study on the influence of grain refiner (Al-5Ti-1B), modifier (strontium) and artificial aging treatment on hardness and toughness of cast aluminium-silicon alloys (Al-4Si, Al-11Si and Al-17Si) with and without magnesium are reported. It appears influence of silicon, magnesium (Mg) and Ti/B addition on toughness and hardness of hypoeutectic, eutectic and hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy is significant. It was found that addition of silicon and Mg reduces the toughness; however, refinement/modification causes minor improvement in toughness. Addition of silicon ang Mg increases the peak hardness in range of 25-20hr of aging thereafter decrease in hardness was noted. Optical microstructure study is also reported.

5 illus, 8 ref

005382   Dutta P K (Department of Applied Chemistry, SGS Institute of Technology & Science, Indore-452 003) : Use of stabilisers as fine chemicals in polymer industries. Pop Plast Packag 2001, 46(4), 77-82,84.

005381   Deo Nath;Tiwari S N (Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005) : On casting fluidity and other characteristics of rheocast lead-tin alloy slurries. Indian Fndry J 2001, 47(11), 22-7.

Casting fluidity of partially solid stirred slurries of Pb-15% Sn alloy was determined by gravity pouring through a funnel into an attached tubular pyrex mould directed downward and measuring the length of penetration of the solidified alloy. The experimental variables were stirring speed and temperature within the freezing range. The solidified casting fluidity samples were evaluated for their porosity, bulk density and hardness. percent decrease in fluidity with decreasing temperature and increasing solid fraction was compared with decrease in fluidity of liquid alloy containing similar amount of solid ceramic particle in suspension. Percent decrease in fluidity was also compared with calculated percentage increase in viscosity of the liquid containing similar volume fraction of solid. Much less decrease in fluidity of the semi-solid alloy slurries of the work as compared to the decrease in fluidity of the liquid alloy with suspended solid ceramic particles and increase in viscosity of the liquid with the similar solid fraction was accounted for decrease in viscosity of the alloy resulting from stirring. Casting fluidity decreased with increasing stirring speed. Increasing solid fraction and stirring speed resulted in increase in porosity and decrease in bulk density of the alloy. Hardness of the alloy also increased with increasing solid fraction.

9 illus, 1 table, 14 ref

005380   Chakraborti I (Anand Villa, SA-142, Shastri Nagar, Ghaziabad-201 002, , ) : Preservation: a preventive measure of food spoilage. Asian J Chem 2001, 13(2), 806-16.

Food preservation is an important aspect in protecting food and food products from spoilage for domestic use as well as for food manufacturers

^ssc1 illus, 3 tables, 4 ref

005379   Bhatnagar M S (NO, , 15 Negi Road, Dehra Dun) : Additives for polymers. Pop Plast Packag 2001, 46(4), 66-70.

4 tables

005378   Bhatnagar M S (NO, , 15 Negi Road, Dehradun) : Additives for polymers (.III.). Pop Plast Packag 2001, 46(6), 77-85.

8 tables, 12 ref

004457   Wadia D A (NO, , Kalpana, 96, Marine Drive, Mumbai-400 002, Maharashtra) : Precalciner rotary kiln system for cement manufacture. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004456   UOP (NO, , 25 East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, Illinois-60017, United States of America) : Process for reconditioning of a deactivated catalyst. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004455   The Procter and Gamble Co (NO, , Cincinnati, Ohio 45202, United States of America) : Process for the preparation of a candy. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004454   Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd (NO, , ACME Plaza, Andheri-Kurla Road, Andheri (E), Mumbai-400 059, Maharashtra) : Process for the isolation of substantially pure 1-(aminomethyl) cyclohexaneacetic acid from an aqueous solution of its acid addition salt. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004453   Solvay S A (NO, , 33 Rue Du Prince Albert, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium) : Process for the preparation of catalysts used for the polymerisation of olefins. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004452   Sachdev A K;Ram Gopal (NO, Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar-243 122) : Method of preparing cooked chicken stock. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004451   Procter & Gamble Company (NO, , One Procter & Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, State of Ohio 45202, United States of America) : Detergent composition containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amide surfactants and a clay softening system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004450   Procter & Gamble Company (NO, , One Procter and Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, State of Ohio 45202, U.S.A.) : Improved detergent composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004449   Nalco Chemical Company (NO, , One Nalco Center, Naperville, Illinois 60563-1198, United States of America) : Process for producing a treated water. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004448   Mondal P K (NO, , 15/1A, Sarar Ghosh Garden Road, Dhakuria, Calcutta-700 031, West Bengal) : Process for making coloured, transparent polycarbonate substrates and shaped articles made therefrom. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004447   Michigan State University (NO, , E. Lansing, State of Michigan 48824, USA) : Method of extraction of polyhydroxyalkanoate from a plant. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004446   Lupin Laboratories Limited (NO, , 159, CST Road, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400 098) : Process for preparation of a synergistic pharmaceutical composition for prophylactic treatment of migraine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004445   Jalani Enterprises (NO, , C-34, IInd Phase, M I A, Basni, Jodhpur-342 005) : Improved process for preparing a substance called `Jaljira'. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004444   Hindustan Lever Ltd (NO, , Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020, Maharashtra) : Process for the manufacture of a high active detergent liquid composition having a storage stability-chemical/pH stability of atleast two weeks at 80°C. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004443   Gist - Broacades B V (NO, , Wateringseweg 1, PO-Box 1, 2600 MA Delft, The Netherlands) : Improved process for recovery of lovastatin, pravastatin or compactin from a broth filtrate. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004442   Farm-biotech private Limited (NO, , 708, Wall-Street, 1, opp. Orient Club, Ellisbridge, Nr. Gujarat College, Railway Crossing, Ahmedabad-380 006) : Improved process of preparing synergistic bio-fertilizer. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004441   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the production of para chloro toluene. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004440   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of high protein nutritious biscuits. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004439   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of antimicrobial food preservative. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004438   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for preparation of a formulation useful as mosquito and insect repellent. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004437   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : An improved process for the preparation of vanillin. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004436   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of natural blue colourant `phycocyanin' from spirulina. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004435   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of edible oil with reduced - calorie. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004434   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of technetium-99M-phenoxy carbonyl methyl iminodiacetic acid. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004433   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of azoxybenzene by hydroxylation of aniline. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004432   Celanese GNBH (NO, , D-60439 Frankfurt am Main Ferderal Republic of Germany) : Process for the purfication of C₃-C₁₀-alcohols. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004431   Board of Regents of the University and Community College System of Nevada (NO, University of Nevada-Reno, Nevada 89557, United states of America) : Process for extracting morphine from opium. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004430   Bayer Corporation (NO, , 100 Bayer Road, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15205, United States of America) : Improved process for making 2-(methylsulfonyl)-5-(trifluoro methyl)-1,3,4-thiadazole. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004429   Bayer Aktiengesellschaft (NO, , D-51368, Leverkusen, Germany) : Process for preparing 2-chloro-5-chloromethylthiazole. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004428   Albright & Wilson Limited (NO, , P.O. Box 3, 210-222 Hagley Road West, Oldbury, Warl Ey, West Midlands B6B Onn, England) : Improved method of making N, N-dialkylglcamine compounds. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004427   Yadav A R;Balasubrahmanyam N (Food Packaging Technology Department, CFTRI, , Mysore) : Suitability of plastics for honey packaging. Indian Bee J 1999, 61(1-4), 11-18.

Atmospheric humidity - moisture relationship of locally available honey was studied at 27°C by exposing the product to different relative humidities ranging from 11-92 per cent. Honey with an initial moisture content of 21.2 per cent was in equilibrium with 66 per cent RH. The sorption isotherm of the product exhibited steep rise above 66 per cent. Moisture range of 18-20 per cent was found to be safe for storage stability. Packaging and storage studies of honey have been carried out in three rigid containers (glass, PET, HDPE) and four flexible packages (poly, LD/nylon/LD (co-ex film), PET/poly laminate, PET/foil/poly laminate under two conditions of storage. The product packed in glass, HDPE, PET and PET/foil/poly was acceptable upto 90 days, whereas in poly, PET/poly, PET/poly and LD/nylon/LD, it was acceptable upto 60 days of storage at 30-40 per cent RH and 38°C with respect to its colour, flavour and overall acceptability. At 65 per cent RH and 27°C, the shelf-life of the product packed in HDPE, PET and glass containers was more than 240 days while it was acceptable in poly, LD/nylon/LD, PET/poly laminate and PET/foil/poly laminate upto 120 days.

1 illus, 2 tables, 8 ref

004426   Weng Y;Kalaga S (NO, , Inc. 2825 Wilcrest Drive Houston, TX 77042, USA) : Static and dynamic behaviour of controlled low-strength materials. J Struct Engng 2001, 28(1), 43-7.

Mechanical behaviour and properties of cement-based controlled low strength materials (CLSM) are investigated. Compression and tension tests are conducted on cylindrical specimens from five different mixes to determine the stress strain relationships, compressive strength, Poisson's ratio and the static elastic and shear moduli. The influence of curing times and curing conditions is examined. Non-destructive tests are performed on specimens from two mixes to evaluate the dynamic elastic and shear moduli and Poisson's ratio. Empirical equations stress-stress relation ship and for relating compressive strength to cement, fly ash and w/c ratio are derived on the basis of test data.

^ssc9 illus, 6 tables, 7 ref

004425   Verma R D (Dairy Science Division, NDRI, Karnal-132 001) : Systematic scale-up of scraped surface heat exchanger. Indian Dairyman 2001, 53(2), 23-6.

Describes two approaches to scale up the design of scraped surface heat exchanger to make it suitable for industrial production of indigenous milk products.

2 tables, 8 ref

004424   Velmurugan R;Sekar T;Vijaya Kumar S;Krishnan B (Department of Civil Engineering, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi-626 005) : Experimental investigation on the collapse behaviour of metallic tubes with aerated concrete. J Struct Engng 2001, 28(1), 39-42.

^ssc7 illus, 9 ref

004423   Varshneya A K (NO, New York State College, Alfred University, Alfred NY 14802, USA) : Chemical strengthening of glass products. Trans Indian Ceramic Soc 2001, 60(1), 1-6.

Exchange of small alkali ions in glass with larger ions from a molten salt bath below Tg produces surface compression in the glass surface, which results in glass strengthening. Two competing processes occur : generation of stress due to "ion stuffing" and relaxation of the same stress due to viscous flow and network ductility. The economics of superior protection of glass products under common challenging environments generally require a compromise between obtaining greater depths of compressiong ("case depth") versus aiming for higher compression magnitudes. Control of process parameters such as bath temperature and composition is essential. Methods of quality control include measuring the modulus of rupture (MOR), surface compression and case depth. The newly instituted ASTM standard C1422-99 classifies chemically strengthened flat glass sproducdt on the basis of the surface compression magnitude and the case depth. Aircraft windshields, watch covers, autoinjector glass syringes and high speed glass centrifuge tubes are examples of chemically strengthened glass products well-accepted in the market place. Products such as laminated chemically strengthened architectural glass for hurricane-prone regions and borosilicate glass single-use needleless injectors are being developed.

6 illus, 19 ref

004422   Tulsani N B;Vikram H;Hemant Kumar;Suman; Chaudhary R;Kirti Rani;Ashok Kumar (Centre for Biochemical Technology (CSIR), , Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi-110 007) : Arsenazo III test strip for rapid detection of hardness of water. Indian J chem Technol 2001, 8(4), 252-4.

Development and optimization of visually evaluable dry-reagent test strip technique for qualitative and semi-quantiative estimation of hardness of water has been described. The hardness of water is based on its alkaline earth content i.e. calcium and mangesium ions and their salts. The estimation of hardness of water in industry as well as in private sector is essential. Presently, calorimetric assay and test kit methods are commonly used, however, they are expensive and require trained persons to perform the test. The dry reagent strip developed in the laboratory is quick, simple and economical. It is based on specific chromogen immobilized on to a pad which reacts with calcium present in water and changes the colour of the strip from purple to blackish blue. The change in colour is visible with naked eyes and can be compared with the colour chart.

1 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

004421   Tiwari S N;Deonath;Manoj Kumar (Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005) : On grain refinement of aluminium by a volatile mould coating process. Indian Fndry J 2001, 47(8), 29-36.

Alumina based mould coating containing a volatile hexacholoroethane compound has been successfully used for the grain refinement of aluminium. The influence of the amount of hexacholoroethane in the mould coating as well as the degree of superheat of the melt on the grain size and mechanical properties of the aluminium has been investigated. It is concluded that low level of hexacholoroethane (10wt% in the mould coating) can produce effective grain refinement of aluminium provided conditions prevail for survival of the nuclei produced. The use of the such volatile compound in the mould wash does not introduce any noticeable gas porosity in the casting. The technique of grain refinement is simple, economic and can be readily adopted by a foundry.

12 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

004420   Thirugnanam G S;Govindan P;Sethurathnam A (Department of Civil Engineering Coimbatore Institute of Technology, , Coimbatore-641 014) : Ductile behaviour of SIFCON structural members. J Struct Engng 2001, 28(1), 27-32.

Slurry-infiltrated fibrous concrete (SIFCON) is a novel type of high Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (HPFRC) made by infiltrating steel fibre bed with a specially designed cement based slurry. Laboratory experiments and field experience have shown that SIFCON is an innovative construction material possessing both high strength and ductility. In view of their high strength, ductility and impact and abrasion resistance, the composite has excellent potent al for structural applications where abnormal loads are encountered during service. Highlights the structural uses of SIFCON and presents the effect of using this material in the hinging zones of the multi-storey frames subjected to cyclic loading. Discusses the aspects of strength, stiffness, ductility, energy absorption and failure mechanism of RC frames with SIFCON beam-column joints. Test results are compared with results of conventional RC and FRC frames subjected to similar type of loading, and conclusions are drawn.

13 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

004419   Singh S P;Kaushik S K (NO, Civil Engineering, Regional Engineering College, Jalandhar-144 011) : Fatigue-life distributions of steel fibrous concrete for various stress levels. J Struct Engng 2001, 28(1), 1-6.

Studies on the statistical analysis of flexural fatigue-life distributions of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) for various stress leels. Experiments were conducted to obtain the fatigue lives of SFRC (Vf = 1.5%) at various stress levels. The study indicates that the probabilistic distribution of fatigue-life of SFRC, at a given stress level can be discdribed approximately by the two-parameter weibull distribution. However, it can not be employed for the purpose for fatigue-life data at stress level = 0.675, where the shape parameter of the Weibull distribution is less than unity. The parameters of the distribution have been obtained by the graphical as well as by the method of moments.

5 illus, 5 tables, 15 ref

004418   Singh S;Malhotra S R;Kalia M (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062) : Nutritive value of some specialized legume/pulse based preparations of Himachal Pradesh. J hum Ecol 2000, 11(5), 355-7.

Determines the nutrient content of some specialised legume/pulse based recipes consumed in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. The preparations included Bengal gram whole and dhal, green gram whole, Telia mash, Rongi Madhra, Kabuli chana, Khatte massar, Rajmash, Sappu Bari, mixed bengal and black gram dhal and khatti arhar dhal. The nutrients analysed included crude protein, crude fat, total ash, crude fibre, carbohydrate and energy contents. The results are presented on dry and fresh weight basis.

2 tables, 4 ref

004417   Singh S;Kalia M;Malhotra S R (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062) : Effect of addition of popped amaranth flour on sensory and nutritional quality of Babroo. J hum Ecol 2000, 11(5), 359-61.

Babroo a traditional rice based product of Himachal Pradesh, also known as ankalian or cheelai was prepared. An attempt was also made to improve its nutritional quality through the addition of popped amaranth flour. The results revealed that the addition of popped amaranth flour into rice flour reduced the colour, texture and taste scores. But, they still scored fair on the ten point hedonic scale. The addition of popped amaranth flour into raw and parboiled rice flour increased the protein, fat, fibre, lysine, calcium, phosphorus, iron and riboflavin contents but niancin content was decreased.

2 tables, 3 ref