003206   Basantia N C;Rai T;Arora S (Dairy Chemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132 001) : Moisture determination in dairy products. J Dairying Fd Home Sci 2000, 19(3-4), 141-50.

Moisture determination is one of the most important and widely used measurement in the processing and testing of milk and milk products. Although several methods are available for the determination of moisture namely Drying methods, Physical methods, Distillation methods and chemical methods but they have one or more limitations in terms of cost, time suitability for various products and the facilities required in terms of apparutus and accuracy.

^iia1 table, 68 ref

003205   Bajpai S K (Department of Chemistry, Government Autonomous Science College, Jabalpur-482 001) : Swelling studies on hydrogel networks. J scient ind Res 2001, 60(6), 451-62.

Describes the wide spectra of studies that have been carried out in the recent past on the swelling behaviour of external stimuli responsive polymeric hydrogel networks, both naturally occurring as well as synthetic. It also highlights the condensed mathematical approach of Flory-Rehner theory describing the equilibirum-swollen state of hydrogals. A most widely accepted mechanism of swelling process of both ionic and non-ionic hydrogels has also been mentioned.

^iia1 table, 82 ref

002128   Zeneca Ltd. (NO, , 15 Stanhope Gate, London, WIY 6 LN, England) : Process of producing human food. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002127   Zeneca Ltd. (NO, , 15 Stanhope Gate, London WIY 6LN, England) : Process for the preparation of 2-chloromethylphenylacetic acid. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002126   Yadav G D (NO, , Flat No. 7, University Staff Quarters UDCT Campus, R.A. Kidwai Road, Matunga, Mumbai-400 019) : Process for the preparation of Heteropoly acids supports clays. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002125   Procter & Gamble Co (NO, , Procter & Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, State of Ohio 45202, USA) : Method for producing a foam composition and a composition produced by said method. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002124   Montell North America Inc. (NO, , 2801 Centerville Road, New Castle County, Delaware, USA) : Process for producing a solid catalyst component for polymerization of olefins. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002123   Mitsui Petrochemical Industries Ltd. (NO, , 2-5, Kasumigaseki, 3-Chome Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, Japan) : Process for producing the porous film of polypropylene. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002122   Kimberly-Clark Worldwide Inc (NO, , 401 North Street Neenah, Wisconsin 54956, United States of America) : Process for making a colored composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002121   Indian OIl Corporation Limited (NO, , G-9, Ali Yavar Jung Marg, Bandra (East) Mumbai-400 051) : Novel method for producing magnesium borate overbased metallic detergent. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002120   Indian Oil Corporation Limited (NO, , G-9, Ali Yavar Jung Marg, Bandra (East) Mumbai-400 051) : Textile spindle oil composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002119   Indian Oil Corporation Limited (NO, , G-9, Ali Yavar Jung Marg, Bandra (East), Mumbai-400 051) : Novel composition for use in petroleum products. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002118   Indian Oil Corporation Limited (NO, , G-9, Ali Yavar Jung Marg, Bandra (East), Mumbai-400 051) : Multigrade crankcase oil composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002117   Indian Oil Corporation Limited (NO, , G-9, Ali Yavar Jung Marg, Bandra (East), Mumbai-400 051) : Energy efficient industrial (EEG) geal oil composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002116   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Petroleum jelly cream composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002115   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , Hindustan Lever House, 165/166 Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Detergent bar compositions. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002114   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , Hindustan Lever House, 165/166 Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Improved process for the manufacture of food composition containing olive oil. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002113   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , Hindustan Lever House, 165/166, Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Synergistic washing composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002112   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , Hindustan Lever House, 165/166 Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Process for producing a liquid composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002111   Hindustan Lever Limited (NO, , 165/166 Backbay Reclamation, Mumbai-400 020) : Perfume containing synergistic particulate detergent composition. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002110   E.I. Du Pont De Nemours and Company (NO, , Wilmington, Delaware, United States of America) : Improved process for production of an aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002109   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of poly (arylester-carbonates). 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002108   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the production of 1.4-napthoquinone. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002107   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of poly(arylester-carbonates). 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002106   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the preparation of poly(arylester-carbonates). 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002105   Chief Controller of Research and Development, Ministry of Technical Coordination Dte (NO, , B-341, Sena Bhawan, DH P.O Defence, Government of India, New Delhi) : Process for the preparation of an inhibition formulation. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002104   Chief Controller of Research and Development, Ministry of Defence, Govt. of India (NO, , B-341, Sena Bhawan, DHQ, P.O. New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of fluoroacetamide. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002103   Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (NO, , Trombay, Mumbai-400 085) : Solvent exchange cum immersion precipitation process for the manufacture of asymmetric semipermeable aromatic polyamide polymeric membrane for use in reverse osmosis. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002102   BASF India Limited (NO, , Rhone-Poulenc House, Sudam Ahire Marg, Mumbai-400 025) : Process for preparing copper complex Azo dyes. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002101   Asta Medica Aktiiengesellschaft (NO, , 10, D-01277 Dredsen, Germany) : Process for the preparation of racemic and diasteromeric oxazaphosphorine-2-amines. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002100   American Cyanamid Company (NO, , Five Giralda Farms, Madison, New Jersey 07940 0874, United States of America) : Process for preparing halogenated phenylmalonates. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002099   Agrico, IMC-Agrico GP Company & IMC Agrico MP, Inc (NO, , 2345 Waukegan Road, Suite-200, Bannockburn, IL 60015-5516, U.S.A.) : Improved formulation for fertilizer additive concentrate. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002098   Yadav S;Yadav K D S (Department of Chemistry, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273 009) : Secretion of α-L-rhamnosidase by Aspergillus terreus and its role in debittering of orange juice. J scient ind Res 2000, 59(12), 1032-7.

Indigenous strain of Aspergillus terreus has been shown to secrete α-L-rhamnosidase in liquid culture medium, Km, pH and temperature optima of this enzyme using p-nitrophenyl α-L-rhamnopyranoside have been found to be 1.5 mM, 3.5 and 55°C, respectively. L-rhamnose, naringin, glucose, and citric acid inhibit the activity of this enzyme. The enzyme hydrolyses naringin present in orange fruit juice and hence it is suitable for debittering citrus fruit juices.

7 illus, 11 ref

002097   Varma M R;Sasikumar R;Pillai S G K;Nair P K (Regional Research Laboratory, , Trivandrum-695 019) : Cellular automation simulation of microstructure evolution during austenite decomposition under continuous cooling conditions. Bull Mater Sci 2001, 24(3), 305-12.

A two-dimensional diffusion based model is developed to describe transformation of austenite into ferrite and pearlite under continuous cooling conditions. The nucleation of ferrite is assumed to occur over grain boundaries and the nucleation of pearlite is assumed to be taking place all over the grain and at growing ferrite-austenite interfaces, when the composition and temperature conditions are favourable. A cellular automation algorithm, with transformation rules based on this model is used for the growth of ferrite and pearlite. Model predicted results for continuous cooling transformations are verified by comparing the model predicted microstructure features with the experimental measurements for two sets of plain carbon steels of different composition and austenite grain size. Using the model, it is possible to generate results like under-cooling to start ferrite and pearlite transformations, which are difficult to obtain experimentally.

10 illus, 3 table, 17 ref

002096   Somasundaram G;Ramalingam A (Department of Physics, Anna University, Chennai) : Gain studies of LD490 dye doped polymer laser under third harmonic Nd : YAG laser excitation. J Optics 2000, 29(3), 115-22.

Solid state dye doped polymer is an attractive alternative to the conventional liquid dye solution. The laser characteristics of lD490 (LD490) doped polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) rods modified with dioxane are studied under third harmonic Nd : YAG laser excitation in a transverse pump configuration and the variation of gain coefficient of the dye in solid medium for different pump powers is studied. The photobleaching of dye molecule in polymer medium under third harmonic Nd : YAG laser excition is also studied for various pump energy.

002095   Pabi S K;Joardar J;Murty B S (Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721 302) : Mechanism and kinetics of alloying and nanostructure formation by mechanical methods. Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad-Pt A 2001, 67(1), 1-30.

Nanocrystalline materials have become a subject of both scientific and industrial importance in the past one decade. Synthesis of nanocrystalline metals, alloys, intermetallics and nanocomposites by mechanical means, in particular, by high energy ball milling process. Many high melting intermetallics, that are difficult to prepare by conventional processing techniques, could be easily synthesized in nanocrystalline state with homogeneous structure and composition by this route. The present understanding of the nature of these materials and the phase transitions induced during nanocrystallization are critically reviewed.

26 illus, 10 table, 303 ref

002094   Mansur M A;Islam M N;Bhuiyan A K M A;Hoq M E (Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh) : Nutritional composition, yield and consumer response to a semi-fermented fish product prepared from underutilized fish species of the Bangladesh coastline. Indian J Mar Sci 2000, 29(1), 73-6.

Nutritional composition, yield and consumers' acceptability of a ground semi-fermented fish product prepared from the underutilized fish species of the Bay of Bengal have been studied. The product was prepared by a traditional semi-fermentation method, identical for the preparation of "Sheedal shutki", and was subsequently dried in oven, ground, packed in polyethylene bags and stored in ambient condition. Quality in terms of nutritional composition was found comparable to other fish products of Bangladesh. Comparative study on the acceptability of the new product, traditional Sheedal shutki from both Puntius sp. and miscellaneous sea fish species show that the new product is equally acceptable. The taste and flavour of the product was judged to be identical with those of the traditional Sheedal shutki from Puntius sp. and superior to the Sheedal shutki from underutilized sea fish species. Yield study indicated that commercial production can be attempted if the raw fish is available at a cheap price. Overall results of the study show that the product can be easy to handle, transport and store, and can easily be incorporated with the cereal based diet.

5 table, 12 ref

002093   Li Y;Hou B;Feng F;Wei X (NO, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, P.R. China) : Study on growth factors of intermetallic layer with in hot-dipped 25%Al-Zn alloy coating on steel. Bull Mater Sci 2001, 24(3), 301-04.

Deals with the interfacial intermetallic layer's growth, which affects considerably the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of 25%Al-Zn alloy coatings, by means of three-factor quadratic regressive orthogonal experiments. The regression equation shows that the intermetallic layer thickness decreases rapidly with increasing content of Si added to the Zn-Al alloy bath, increases with rise in bath temperature and prolonging dip time. The most effective factor that determined the thickness of intermetallic layer was the amount of Si added to Zn-Al alloy bath, while the effect of bath temperature and dip time on the thickness of intermetallic layer were not very obvious.

3 illus, 4 table, 14 ref

002092   Kumar K S;Kannan K;Paramasivan O N;Sundaram V P S;Nakanishi J;Masunaga S (NO, Yokohama Natl Univ, Inst Environm Sci and Technol, Hodogaya Ku 79-7 Tokiwadai Yokohama Kanagawa 240851, Japan) : Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated phenyls in human tissues, meat, fish, and wildlife samples from India. Envir Sci Technol 2001, 35(17), 3448-55.

Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and non- and mono-orthosubstituted polychlorinated biphenyls (dioxin-like PCBs) were measured in tissues of humans, fishes, chicken, lamb, goat, predatory birds, and Ganges River dolphins collected from various locations in India. PCDDs/DFs were found in most of the samples analyzed with the liver of spotted owlet containing the highest concentration of 3300 pg/g, fat wt. 2, 3, 7, 8-Substituted PCDDs and PCDFs were found in human fat tissues at concentrations ranging from 170 to 1300 pg/g, fat wt. Concentrations of PCDDs were generally greater than those of PCDFs in human tissues, fishes, animal fat, and dolphin. Among fishes, meat, and wildlife samples analyzed, concentrations of PCDDs/DFs were found in the following order: country chicken <60> goat/lamb fat <60> fishes <60> river dolphins <60> predatory birds. Hepta-CDDs and OCDD were the major PCDD homologues found in humans, fishes, meat products, and dolphins. 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents of PCDDs/DFs were greater than those of PCBs in selected fish, dolphin, and human samples.

61 ref

002091   Kumar G V S S;Menon S K;Agrawal Y K;Vora S B (Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Gujarat Univ, Ahmedabad-380 009) : Selective flocculation separation of iron and titanium from Kutch kaolins (India). Indian J Engng Mater Sci 2001, 8(3), 170-6.

New selective flocculation separation (SFS) scheme has been described for upgrading Mamuara kaolins of Gujarat (Kutch district), India. The process embodies the implementation of polvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); as dispersant, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as flocculant and new class of supramolecules such as hexasulfonato calix (6) arene [(HSC(6)] as enriching agent.

30 ref

002090   Krishnarao R V;Subrahmanyam J;Subbarao S (Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, , Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad-500 058) : SiC fibre by chemical vapour deposition on tungsten filament. Bull Mater Sci 2001, 24(3), 273-9.

A CVD system for the production of continuous SiC fibre was set up. The process of SiC coating on 19 μm diameter tungsten substrate was studied. Methyl trichloro silane (CH3SiCl3) and hydrogen reactants were used. Effect of substrate temperature (1300-1500°C) and concentration of reactants on the formation of SiC coating were studied. SiC coatings of negligible thickness were formed at very low flow rates of hydrogen (5x10⁵ m³/min) and CH3SiCl3 (1.0x10⁴ m³min of Ar). Uneven coatings and brittle fibres were formed at very high concentrations of CH3SiCl3 (6 x 10^-4 m³/min of Ar). The flow rates of CH3SiCl3 and hydrogen were adjusted to get SiC fibre with smooth surface. The structure and morphology of SiC fibres were evaluated.

8 illus, 20 ref

002089   Khare V;Tiwari R S;Srivastava O N (Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005) : Role of Fe substitution and quenching rate on the formation of various quasicrystalline and related phases. Bull Mater Sci 2001, 24(3), 257-64.

Investigates Fe substituted versions of the quasicrystalline (qc) alloy corresponding to Al65Cu20 (Cr, Fe)15 with special reference to the possible occurrence of various quasicrystalline and related phases. Based on the explorations of various compositions it has been found that alloy compositions Al65Cu20Cr12Fe3 and Al65Cu20Cr9Fe6 exhibit interesting structural phases and features at different quenching rates. At higher quenching rates (wheel speed 25 m/sec) all the alloys exhibit icosahedral phase. For Al65Cu20Cr12Fe3 alloy, however, both the icosahedral and even the decagonal phases get formed at higher quenching rates. At higher quenching rate, alloy having Fe 3 at % exhibits two bcc phases, bccI (a=8.9 A) and bccII (a=15.45 A). The orientation relationships between icosahedral and crystalline phases are : Mirror plane II [001]bccI and [351]bcc II, 5-fold II [113]bcc II 3-fold II (110]bcc II. At lower quenching rate, the alloy having Fe 6 at % exhibits orthorhombic phase (a=23.6 A, b=12.4 A, c=20.1 A). Some prominent orientation relationships of the orthorhombic phase with decagonal phase have also been reported. At lower quenching rate (<126> 10 m/sec), the alloy Al65Cu22Cr9Fe6 shows the presence of diffuse (scattering of intensities along quasiperiodic direction..

8 illus, 2 table, 21 ref

002088   Gupta A (NO, Inter-University Consortium for DAE Facilities, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452 017) : Nanocrystalline soft-magnetic alloys produced by controlled crystallization of amorphous alloys. Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad-Pt A 2001, 67(1), 31-46.

Controlled partial crystallisation of FeSiB alloy with small amounts of Cu and Nb results in formation of nanocrystalline grains dispersed in a residual amorphous matrix. Both the nanocrystals as well as the amorphous matrix are ferromagnetic at room temperature. The composite material possess excellent soft magnetic properties, which even surpass those of transition metal-metalloid metallic glasses. Although a number of other amorphous alloys also have been found to result in nanocrystalline phase formation, most of the examples taken in this article are for the system FeCuNbSiB which happens to be the most promising system from the application point of view.

20 illus, 6 table, 52 ref

002087   Dillmann P;Balasubramaniam R (Laboratoire Pierre Sue CEA/CNRS, CE Saclay 91191, Gif sur Yvette Cedex, , France) : Characterization of ancient Indian iron and entrapped slag inclusions using electron, photon and nuclear microprobes. Bull Mater Sci 2001, 24(3), 317-22.

Compositional and structural information were obtained from an ancient 1600-year old Indian iron using microprobe techniques (EDS, μXRD and μPIXE). Several different local locations in the iron matrix and in the entrapped slag inclusions were analyzed. The P content of the metallic iron matrix was very heterogeneous. Lower P contents were observed in the regions near slag inclusions. This was correlated to the dephosphorization capacity of the slag. The crystallized phases identified in the slag inclusions were wustite and fayalite. The compositions of the slag inclusions were relatively homogeneous.

4 illus, 2 table, 19 ref

002086   Dhawan A;Raetzke K;Faupel F;Sharma S K (Department of Physics, Malaviya Regional Engineering College, Jaipur-302 017) : Study of oxidation behaviour of Zr-based bulk amorphous alloy Zr65Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5 by thermogravimetric analyser. Bull Mater Sci 2001, 24(3), 281-3.

The oxidation behaviour of Zr-based bulk amorphous alloy Zr65Cu17.5Ni10Al7.5 has been studied in air environment at various temperature in the temperature range 591-684 K using a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA). The oxidation kinetics of the alloy in the amorphous phase obeys the parabolic rate law for oxidation in the temperature range 591-664 K. The values of the activation energy and pre-factor as calculated from the Arrhenius temperature dependence of the rate constants have been found to be 1-80 eV and 2.12 x 10⁹ g.cm^-2 sec^-1/2, respectively.

3 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

002085   Chandrawat M P S;Ojha T N;Yadav R N (Department of Chemistry, R R Government College, Alwar-301 001) : Effect of bitumen emulsion on setting, strength, soundness and moisture resistance of oxychloride cement. Bull Mater Sci 2001, 24(3), 313-16.

Addition of bitumen emulsion to the matrix has been found to improve strength and soundness of the product while decreasing the initial setting periods. Thus, bitumen emulsion as an admixture in magnesia cement is a moisture proofing and strengthening material.

5 table, 16 ref

002084   Ansari M H;Shukla R (High Polymer and Pollution Chemistry Laboratories, Department of Chemi, Kamla Nehru Institute of Physical and Social Sciences, Sultanpur-228 118) : Adsorption of colomill brill red 3BN on to the combination of chitin, activated charcoal and silica gel (equilibrium studies). Indian J envir Prot 2001, 21(2), 110-13.

The capability of the adsorbent cell, a combination of Chitin, activated charcoal and silica gel, for the adsorption of Brill Red dye from aqueous solution was examined. Langmuir and freundlich isotherms were correlated by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Langmuir isotherm found more applicable. The process was endothermic and adsorbing capacity of adsorbent cell increase with increase of temperature, but decrease with increase of pH, and dosage of Chitin.

6 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref

001125   UOP (NO, , 25, East Algonquin Road, Des Plaines, Illinois, USA) : Process for producing sulphide free aqueous stream. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001124   Shriram Institute for Industrial Research (NO, , 19, University Road, Delhi-110 007) : Improved process for the preparation of fire retardant epoxy resin. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

001123   Samjin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (NO, , 338-8, Seokyo-Dong, Mapo-Ku, Seoul, 121-210 Republic or Korea) : Process for the preparation of a pyrimidinedione homocarbocyclic necleoside. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).