023498   Suresh E R;Rajashekhara E;Yadav I S;Dinesh M R (NO, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake (PO), Bangalore-560 089) : Evaluation of high acid mango varieties for brining preservation. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 41-2.

Raw mango slices are generally preserved in brine or by dry salting method for future use in pickle production. A process developed at IIHR, Bangalore and commercially adopted by a local pickle industry showed the possibility of storing raw mango slices with good retention of colour and texture for more than 6 months of storage under ambient conditions. High acid mango varieties having characteristic flavour are preferred for pickling purposes and hence five acidic varieties viz, `Rangoon Goa', `Kolanka Goa', `Karanjio', `Amini' and `Omlet' were evaluated for brining preservation. The physico-chemical composition and changes in texture during brining preservation were also studied. The results indicated that raw slices of all the varieties tested were suitable for brining preservation. However, the variety `Kolanka Goa' retained excellent colour and maximum firmness at the end of six months of storage period.

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023497   Sohrab (NO, , ) : Risk assessment - a prerequisite for application of HACCP in food industries. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(4), 43-50.

Health concern of consumers has become the concern of food processing establishments. The advent of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system as an international food safety management standard published by the Codex Alimentarius commission, a joint commission of FAO and WHO in 1997 and its adoption under the Sanitary and Phytoisanitary Agreement of WTO has triggered faster application of the system. The application of the system calls for adoption of the international code of practice for General Principles of Food Hygiene as a prerequisitic for implementation of HACCP system. The HACCP system is based on proactive preventive mechanism of hazards throughout the food chain. But hazard identification and monitoring is not enough, it is the risk attendant to each hazard that matters. Therefore risk assessment should be made part of the HACCP system to make it more effective and scientifically tenable system. The author has brought out the rationale and relationship between HACCP system and risk assessment system.

023496   Shinde M (Sanitation Chemicals Division, Chembond Chemicals Ltd, Mumbai) : Sanitation in food and dairy industries - a view on detergent and sanitizer : quats. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 25-7.

Quaternary ammonium compounds, commonly called Quats, have secured a prominent and important place in the field of medical and general disinfection during the past decade. Quaternary surface-active ammonium compound of late have received more attention as general sanitizer and chemical sterilizer as they are odurless, highly stable, have rapid and wide spectrum microbiocidal action and are non-toxic when used as in recommended concentration. This class of chemical is non-selective sanitizing agent, controlling a wide range of bacteria found in food and dairy industries. Quats are known to be a one step disinfectant cleanser saving time and money. They provide residual protection from various microbes in general sanitation.

023495   Sekar N (Dyes Division, UDCT Matunga, Mumbai-400 019) : Designing lightfast disperse and acid dyes : an update of research trends. Colourage 1999, 46(10), 37-40.

Developments in the synthesis of disperse and acid dyes containing built-in ultravoilet absorbing unit with an aim of improving light fastness have been reviewed.

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023494   Sandeep K D;Bawa A S;Shivhare U S (Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143 005) : Development of an egg-milk beverage. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(4), 32-6.

Egg milk beverage was prepared by blending whole-egg powder (1, 3, 5 and 7%) sugar, vanilla essence and sodium alginate with milk. The beverage was thermally processed in glass bottles and stored under refrigerated conditions for 7 days. The weekly evaluation of the beverage was carried out for physico-chemical and sensory attributes. Thermal processing had a negligible effect on the quality when compared with the un-processed beverage. The seven-weeks storage had no appreciable effect on the TSS, viscosity and specific gravity. The beverage was rated acceptable throughout the storage period. Sensory evaluation tests indicated that the beverage with 3.5% whole-egg powder scored maximum on the Hedonic scale for the overall acceptability. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the effect of storage period on the physico-chemical and sensory attributes of the beverage was not significant, while that of the whole egg powder concentration was significant (P≤0.05).

023493   Sahare G M;Kotecha P M;Kadam S S (Department of Food Science and Technology, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri-413 722) : Effects of incorporation of defatted soybean meal on organoleptic and nutritional properties of Bakery products. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 36-7.

Excellent quality breads and buns were produced by substituting 10 percent (w/w) wheat flour with defatted soyflour. At 10 percent level of substitution, the breads and buns of acceptable quality and better storability can be produced from wheat. The substitution of wheat maida with 10 percent soyflour did not produce any significant difference in sensory properties of bakery products. The protein content increased from 9.80 to 14.90 percent in breads, from 8.70 to 13.75 percent in buns and from 7.2 to 12.3 percent in cookies at 10 percent level of substitution with defatted soyflour.

023492   Rita Israni;Mankar S N;Pillai V P R;Ghoshal S P;Jaiswal P K (NO, Central Agmark Laboratory, North Ambazari Road, Nagpur-440 010) : Microbiological studies on Gulab Jamun mix. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(4), 18-19.

62 samples of Gulab Jamun mix were analysed for Standard Plate Counts, Staphylococcal counts, yeasts and moulds counts, coliforms, Faecal coliform and for the presence of Salmonellae. Yeasts were not observed in any of the samples studied while Moulds were observed in 29% samples. Similarly Staphylococci were observed in 22% samples. The Coliforms were in the range of nil -<62> 1100 and Faecal coliforms in the range of nil -500. Coliforms were observed in all except 2 samples studied. Only 13% samples indicated nil Faecal coliforms while rest of the samples were positive for Faecal coliforms. No Salmonellae were isolated from any of the samples.

023491   Rege A R;Pai J S (Department of Chemical Technology, University of Mumbai, Mumbai-400 019) : Thermal processing of sapota. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(4), 37-42.

Effect of acid treatments during processing, on leucoanthocyanins of sapota fruit were studied. Such conditions were found to lead to a greater conversion of the leaucoanthocyanidins present to anthocyanidins, rendering the product unsuitable for consumption on account of pink-red discolouration and an astringent taste formation. Thermal resistance of Bacillus stearothermophilus NCIM 2328 was studied in sapota-sugar syrup homogenate adjusted to pH 5.0. Inoculated pack tests were done using an initial load of 10⁴ spores per can. The fruit was then thermally processed using the D₂₅₀ value. Storage studies indicated that the process was adequate. The resulting product retained most of its original flavour and colour, though some astringent taste and a slight hardening of the texture was noticed.

023490   Puri R K (NO, Environmental Trace Substances Laboratory, University of Missouri-Roll, Rolla, MO, U.S.A) : Supercritical fluid extraction and its applications in natural products. Indian J nat Prod 1998, 14(2), 3-23.

During recent years, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide as supercritical fluid has been extensively used for extracting various xenobiotics from different matrices. The basic concept of SFE, instrumentation, sample preparation, selection of supercritial fluid, off and on line extraction techniques including factors influencing extraction followed by application in the field of natural products are reviewed. It is concluded that SFE is an excellent technique for the study of natural products and appears promising that the conventional extraction methods.

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023489   Pradyuman Kumar;Tyagi S M;Chauhan G S (Dept. of Food Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engg. and Technology, P.O. Longowal-148 106, Distt. Sangrur) : Development of fermented beverages from whey and banana blends. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 21-2.

Utilise over ripened banana and whey, an attempt was made to prepare alcoholic beverage by fermentation of their blends with Sacchromyces cerevisae and Kluyveromyces fragilis, as single culture and two membered culture. Highest alcohol production (7.77%) was obtained from 100% banana pulp fermentation with S. cerevisae followed by (6.80%) from banana - whey blend (75 : 25) fermentation with two membered culture of S. cerevisae and K. fragilis. Sensory evaluation showed that the beverage prepared from blend (75 : 25) by two membered culture was highly acceptable followed by the one prepared from banana alone.

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023488   Pradeep Kumar;Thomas M;Barua P B (Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department, University of Roorkee, Roorkee-247 667) : Effect of iron powder (as an additive to silica sand) on the mechanical properties of Al-7% Si allow castings produced by V-process. Indian Fndry J 1999, 45(10), TP199-204.

Attempt has been made to visualize the effect of iron powder, as an additive to base silica and (AFS 50), on the mechanical properties of the Al-7% Si alloy castings produced by V-process. The present research is limited to tensile properties (tensile strength, per cent elongation) of the castings only. In order to evaluate the effect of iron powder on the mechanical properties of the V-process castings the Taguchi's parameter design and optimization approach was used. Through the Taguchi's parameter design approach, optimal levels of process parameters can be determined. In addition to investigating the effect of iron powder on the tensile properties the effects of other process parameters, such as duration of vibration, level of vacuum imposed, and pouring temperature on tensile properties were also investigated. The iron powder, vibrating time and pouring temperature affect the tensile properties significantly. The iron powder when addes as an additive to silica sand improved the tensile properties of the V-processed castings.

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023487   Patwardhan S G (NO, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Regional Centre, Mumbai-400 058) : Stainless steel as an alternative contains and alternative method of sealing for tin plate container. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 28-30.

Author has made an attempt to develop an alternative method of sealing stainless steel containers with stainless steel lid; also used open top sanitary cans with stainless steel lid using hot pack and creation of vacuum seal by methods described as "Press-in and Push-over". The air-tightness was tested by exposure to 20" vacuum and exposure to ammonia. Necessary sketch and diagram has been provided. The author proposes concept of stainless steel container as an alternative to open top sanitary cans, as stainless steel containers can be reused. He has also proposed the concept of recycling the stainless steel container by giving examples of recycling of bottles in aerated drink industry.

023486   Patel H S;Patel A P (Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar-388 120) : Sulfonamide based azo dyes. Colourage 1999, 46(10), 21-4.

Synthesis of some new Azo disperse dyes containing 4-(N, N'diethyl amino sulphanyl) moiety is described. Different coupling components were taken to produce disperse dyes for polyester and nylon fibres and the fastness properties of the dyes were evaluated.

023485   Pandey R K;Gupta D K (Department of Process and Food Engineering, College of Technology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technol, Pantnagar-263 145) : Partial oil expression and expansion of groundnuts. Indian Fmr Dig 1999, 32(11), 39-40.

Production of partially oil expressed groundnuts by hydraulic pressing has the advantage of utilization of groundnut cake protein as snacks for human consumption and increasing the shelf life of groundnuts due to decreased oil rancidity. This would provide edible quality oil as well as low fat and high protein snacks at lower prices. The idea of producing a product which looks similar to original groundnuts on expansion/frying would add about 1.5 million tonnes per year of protein in the food chain of the country.

023484   Naresh Kumar C;Latha N;Vijayalakshmi A S (NO, Institute of Food and Dairy Technology, Koduvalli, Chennai-600 052) : Occurrence of Bacillus species in ice cream. Cheiron 1999, 28(4), 130.

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023483   Murthy K S N (NO, Crest Composites and Plastics Pvt. Ltd, Ahmedabad) : Weatherabiltiy of composites. Pop Plast Packag 1999, 44(9), 71-4.

023482   Muralidhara G V (NO, Kirloskar Brothers Limited, Pune-411 002) : Improved coating systems for long term corrosion protection. Paintindia 1999, 49(11), 26-7.

023481   Mitchell M J (NO, International Protective Coatings, Akzo Nobel, Plot No. 62P, Hoskote Industrial Area, Bangalore-562 114) : High performance surface tolerant coatings. Paintindia 1999, 49(11), 28-33.

Reviews the benefit and limitations of these coatings and attempts to give a realistic estimation of expected performance in a range of environments from bridges, coastal refineries and steel plants to offshore maintenance. The evaluation of these materials is described as also the formulation development necessary to give good performance over both rusty hand-prepared steel and intact old coatings.

023480   Mishra V;Pattnaik P (NO, Dairy Microbiology Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132 001) : Anti-freeze proteins : prospects and perspectives in food sector. Indian Fd Ind 1999, 18(4), 238-44.

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023479   Mehta R C S;Verma J P;Verma R K (Department of Production Engineering, College of Technology, Pantnagar-263 145) : Effect of submerged arc process variables on the bead geometry of flat fillet welds. Indian Weld J 1999, 32(2), 31-6.

023478   Kulshreshtha A K;Awasthi S K (NO, Research Centre, Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited, Vadodara-391 346) : State-of-the-art runnerless molding systems for plastics processors : an overview. Pop Plast Packag 1999, 44(11), 61-70,79.

This overview explains in an easy conversational style basic concepts, configuration, installation, multi-cavity production, absence of resin build-up, types and accuracy of nozzles continuity of production, opening and closing of the gate by the pressure of resin in the nozzle, leaving no sprues or runners, advantages over conventional molds, the bushing and the distributor tube concept, no problems with colour change, filled materials or shear-sensitive engineering grade materials.

023477   Kretschmer B;Bose A K (NO, CMD, IVA Industrieberatung GmbH, D-86343 Konigsbrunn, Germany) : Protein shifting in coconut processing. Indian Cocon J 1999, 30(5), 36-7.

023476   Kotilinga Reddy Y;Laxminarayana M;Ranganadham M;Sarma K S;Shive Kumar (NO, Dairy Technology Programme, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati) : Rheological studies of chhana butter spread. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 11-13.

Study has been undertaken to standardise the manufacture of protein-enriched low-fat butter spread containing chhana. Chhana was added at 30, 40, 50 percent levels to butter in the preparation of the spreads. The penetration value and cone stress index of both the spreads increased with increasing levels of protein rich products in the spread. The textural profile revealed progressive decrease in the hardness of the butter spread and increase in cohesiveness, springiness, and chewiness with increasing levels of chhana in the spreads. Based on the various rheological and sensory attributes, use of 40 percent chhana in preparation of the butter spread was selected. The cost analysis indicates that the spread could be made available to the consumer at price nearly 25.77 percent lower than that of butter spread.

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023475   Khanna A S (NO, Corrosion Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai-400 076) : Is the alloy steel (CRS) produced in the country for reinforced bar concrete really corrosion resistant. Paintindia 1999, 49(11), 43-5.

023474   Karpate R R;Thangaraj M;Jaiswal P K (NO, Central Agmark Laboratory, North Ambazari Road, Nagpur-440 010) : Shelf life study of triple filtered groundnut oil at accelerated conditions. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 33-4.

023473   Enig M G (Nutritional Sciences Division, Enig Associates, Inc., Maryland 20904, USA) : Rationale for use of lauric oils as physiologically functional foods for HIV - infected individuals. Indian Cocon J 1999, 30(5), 8-11.

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023472   Dias F F (NO, , B2, G3, Navelkar Estates, Bainguim, Old Goa, Goa-403 402) : Sorbitol and other sugar alcohols in the food industry. Indian Fd Ind 1999, 18(4), 229-37.

023471   Darge R (NO, , Valspar, Station Lane, Witney, Oxon, OX7 6LX, UK) : Metal decorating perspective on UV cured inks. Paintindia 1999, 49(11), 55-7.

023470   Chopra C S;Chauhan G S (Dept. of Food Technology, N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad-224 229) : Osmo-vacuum drying of carrots : effect of preblanching on drying characteristics and product quality. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 31-2.

Cylindrical carrot bars of length and dia. 1.39 and 0.6 cm, respectively, as such and after blanching in distilled water at 70°C for 15 and 30 min, and at 100°C for 2 min, were subjected to osmo-vacuum drying. There was remarkable reduction in both weight loss and water loss when the blanched samples were osmosed, however 3-4 fold increase in sucrose gain was also recorded. Drying rates of preblanched-osmosed carrot pieces during the vacuum drying were lower than those of unblanched samples. Blanching lowered the nonenzymic browning, rehydration ratio and water content in the reconstituted products, significantly. Blanching of carrot pieces at 70°C for 15 min produced the highest quality product.

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023469   Bose D (NO, Kamala Flux Pvt. Ltd, Bliss Tower-2, Flat 1-B, 75, Bhupen Roy Road, Calcutta-700 034) : Brazing. Indian Weld J 1999, 32(2), 37-40.

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023468   Bauer W;Baumgart D;Macholdt H T;Zoeller W (NO, Clariant GmbH, D-60343 Frankfurt, Germany) : Lightfast colorants for ink jet applications. Paintindia 1999, 49(10), 81-4,90.

During the last decade ink jet printing has emerged as one of the most important reprographids technologies providing high quality output at low cost. For recent multicolor industrial applications such as wide format color graphics and near-photographic color imaging there is a growing demand for lightfast colorants. Developing water soluble dyes showing optimal fading resistance and good water fastness has proved a difficult target. Survey of yellow, magenta, cyan and black ink jet dyes is presented including spectroscopic features, aggregation behavior and the development of lightfast polycyclic dyes. By tailoring the solid state properties, organic color and carbon black-based pigments are obtained exhibiting superior light fastness and small particle size distribution.

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023467   Basantia N C;Rai T (Dairy Chemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132 001) : Standardization of Karl-Fischer titration method for moisture determination in skim milk powder. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 38-40.

Visual Karl-Fischer titration (KFT) method was standardised for moisture estimation in skim milk powder (SMP). Pyridine free Karl-Fischer reagent, back titration technique and different solvents, solvent combinations and pre-treatments to extract moisture were tried to get comparable results to that of oven drying method. Formamide was found to be suitable solvent for complete extraction of moisture. Twenty-seven samples of SMP (roller dried) were analyzed simultaneously by standarised KFT and oven drying methods. It was found that KFT method gave 0.249 percent higher results than the oven drying method and the differences between the two methods were statistically insignificant. The higher values by KFT method were found to be due to the estimation of bound water which was not determined by oven drying method.

023466   Awasthi P;Yadav M C;Mishra A (Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Home Science, G.B.P. Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145) : Effect of incorporation of defatted soy flour on physical and sensory quality of biscuits. Beverage Fd Wld 1999, 26(6), 14-16.

Biscuits were prepared using different proportions of defatted soyflour (DSF) incorporated to wheat flour. Water absorption and baking time were also recorded. Physical and sensory characteristics of biscuits were studied. Data revealed that thickness of soy-fortified biscuits was found to be greater than that of control biscuits whereas diameter decreased gradually with increasing proportions of DSF. Spread ratio and percent spread factor tended to decrease with the increased level of DSF incorporations in the formulations. All soy-fortified biscuits exhibited substantially higher hardness than that of control. The sensory evaluation results showed that a maximum of 15 percent DSF can be incorporated to prepare acceptable quality biscuits.

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023465   Athawale V D;Bailkeri R S (Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Mumbai-400 098) : High performance coatings from liquid crystalline acrylic copolymers. Paintindia 1999, 49(10), 39-44.

Series of side-chain liquid crystalline acrylic copolymers using p-hydroxybenzoic acid as mesogenic group were synthesized by grafting p-hydroxybenzoic acid onto carboxyl functional acrylic copolymers. The monomer compositions used for copolymerization were calculated from glass transition temperature (Tg) using Fox equation. These copolymers were characterized by IR, H-NMR, DSC, TGA and the presence of liquid crystalline state in the polymer was confirmed by using polarizing photomicroscope. The potential utility of these liquid crystalline acrylic copolymers for coating applications was assessed by testing various coating properties. Coated films had excellent adhesion, hardness, flexibility and chemical resistance, which are important characteristics for coating applications.

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023464   Ashar M N;Prajapati J B (Department of Dairy Microbiology, SMC College of Dairy Science, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand-388 110) : Intestinal microflora, fermented milks and their role in human health. Everymans Sci 1999, 34(1), 4-7.

Microorganisms that form the natural flora of the intestine consist of chiefly bacteria belonging to bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, clostridia, coliforms, eubacteria, bacteriodes and staphylococci. Their proportion changes with the age, food habits and several other factors. The metabolic activities of these gut flora have wide ranging implications for the health of the host. The beneficial microflora, viz., bifidobacteria and lactobacilli play an important role in maintaining the health. Their ingestion in the form of fermented foods have shown several beneficial effects in the host, especially regulation of gut microflora and relief in the gastro-intestinal disturbances.

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023463   Arora N;Panesar P S;Marwaha S S (Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002) : Evaluation of different starter cultures for the production of quality dahi and their antibacterial activities. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(4), 20-6.

Reports the screening of four starter cultures for the production of dahi of consistent quality and palatability. The culture producing maximum acid displayed significant antibacterial activity against the test organisms. The market dahi culture @ 2% (v/v) produced a good quality dahi. Moreover, an incubation period for 2-4h at 40°C, 4-6h at room temperature and 8-10h at 25°C, were found optimal for the production of quality dahi.

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023462   Ang P (NO, Airco Coating Technology, 4020 Pike Lane, Concord, CA 94524) : Progress of QLF barrier coating. Pop Plast Packag 1999, 44(11), 77-9.

Airco has made substantial developments in the Chemical Plasma Deposition (CPD) of SiO₂. This technology has progressed from an R and D coater to a prototype, to its current stage of production-scale equipment. Developments on various substrates including OPP, LDPE, PET and nylon will be reported for the 12" and 26" wide roll coating systems, along with up-to-date data from a production-sale, 60" wide coater. Successful operation of the first two production-scale systems has moved Airco into commercialization of the QLF transparent barrier coating.

022375   Sudhakar K V;Dwarakadasa E S (Department of Materials Engineering, Western Michigan University, Michigan-49008 USA) : Fatigue crack growth in dual phase martensitic steel in air environment. Bull Mater Sci 2000, 23(3), 193-9.

Dual phase (DP) steel was intercritically annealed at different temperatures from fully martensitic state to achieve martensite plus ferrite, microstructures with martensite contents in the range of 32 to 76%. Fatigue crack growth (FCG) and fracture toughness tests were carried out as per ASTM standards E 647 and E 399, respectively to evaluate the potential of DP steels. The crack growth rates (da/dN) at different stress intensity ranges (ΔK_th). Crack path morphology was studied to determine the influence of microstructure on crack growth characteristics. After the examination of crack tortuosity, the compact tension (CT) specimens were pulled in static mode to determine fracture toughness values. FCG rates decreased and threshold values incresed with increase in vol.% martensite in the DP steel. This is attributed to the lower carbon content in the martensite formed at higher intercritical annealing (ICA) temperatures, causing retardation of crack growth rate by crack tip blunting and/or deflection. Roughness induced crack clousure was also found to contribute to the improved crack growth resistance at higher levels of martensite content. Scanning electron fractography of DP steel in the near threshold region revealed transgranular cleavage fracture with secondary cracking. Results indicate the possibility that the DP steels may be treated to obtain an excellent combination of strength and fatigue properties.

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022374   Sodhi G S;Jasjeet Kaur (NO, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007) : Organic fingerprint powders based on fluorescent phloxine B dye. Def Sci J 2000, 50(2), 213-5.

Novel fingerprint powders based on organic dye (phloxine B) have been prepared using insoluble salts as adhesive materials in place of costly resinous polymers (which most conventional powders incorporate). Sharp and clear prints have been developed on a wide range of surfaces, such as paper, plastic, glass, bakelite, enamelled metal and polished wood. The fluorescent nature of phloxine B assists in developing weak prints under ultraviolet light which can assist a forensic scientist for lifting fingerprints from the scene of crime and also a defence scientist for establishing the identify of deceased native soldiers as well as of prisoners of war.

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022373   Sebastian L;Shukla A K;Gopalakrishnan J (Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012) : La_0.9Sr_0.1Ga_0.8M_0.2O_{3-<10 0><(M=Mn, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn)): transition metal-substituted derivatives of lanthanum-strontium-gallium-magnesium (LSGM) perovskite oxide ion conductor.} Bull Mater Sci 2000, 23(3), 169-73.

Perovskite oxide of the general formula, La_0.9Sr_0.1Ga_0.8M_0.2O_{3-<100> for M=Mn, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn,have been prepared and investigated. All the oxides exhibit high electrical conductivities <115><126> 10^-2 S/cm at 800°C) comparable to that of the best perovskite oxide ion conductor, La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8M0.2O2.85 (LSGM) (<115><126>8X10^0-2S/cm at 800°C). While M=Mn, Co, Ni, Cu members appear to be mixed conductors with a variable electronic contribution to the conductivity, especially at high oxygen partial pressures (pO2≥ 1 atm), arising from mixed-valency of the transition metals, the M=Zn(II) phase is a pure oxide ion conductor exhibiting a conductivity (<<115><126> 1.5X10^-2S/cm at 800°C) that is slightly lower than that of LSGM. The lower conductivity of the M=Zn(II) derivative could be due to the preference of Zn(II) for a tetrahedral oxygen coordination.}

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022372   Saradha Ramadas V;Parvathi Easwaran P (Department of Food Service Management and Dietetics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Wom, Coimbatore-641 043) : Comsumption pattern of fats and oils and serum lipid profile of selected adults - II. Indian J Nutr Diet 2000, 37(3), 71-5.

Among the vegetarian coconut oil consumers, coconut kernel with the fibre content had a beneficial effect. Fish consumption in coconut oil consumers did help in the maintenance of serum lipid profile. Hence population groups consuming coconut oil can have the oil consumption of 30g/day preferably with inclusion of coconut kernel/fish in their diet.

022371   Platon A;Dumbrava A;Iutes Petrescu N; Simionescu L (National Research Institute for Petroleum Processing and Petrochemistr, , Romania) : Improved technology for manufacture of carbon electrodes. Proc Indian Acad Sci-Chem Sci 2000, 112(1), 19-26.

Investigates to improve some physico-chemical characteristics of these electrodes (such as coefficient of thermal expansion, mechanical strengths, density, pore volume, porosity etc), obtained in different manufacture steps, by addition of varieties of coal tar pitch. These include attempts to improve the chemical compatibility of the coke-pitch system in the mixture and establish the method and the point of introduction of additive, the concentration required and appropriate analytical control during the entire manufacture. Methods of analysis used include thermo-gravimetry and porosimetry. The microstructure of the electrodes is investigated through a wide range and the data obtained include pore size and pore volume distribution, surface area, porosity, particle size distribution and type of pores. The overall results clearly indicate better characteristics and performance for electrodes with additives as against electrodes without them, such as lower porosity, lower thermal expansion coefficients and greater mechanical strength. These data are analyzed with respect to the process step and electrode type.

022370   Narula A K;Ramadhar Singh;Subhas Chandra (Department of Physics, Maitreyi College, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110 021) : Low frequency ac conduction and dielectric relaxation in poly(N-methyl pyrrole). Bull Mater Sci 2000, 23(3), 227-32.

The ac conductivity and dielectric constant of poly(N-methyl pyrrole) thin films have been investigated in the temperature range 77-350 K and in the frequency range 10²-10⁶ Hz. The well defined loss peaks have been observed in the temperature region where measured ac conductivity approaches dc conductivity. These loss peaks are associated with the hopping of the charge carriers. The frequency and temperature dependence of ac conductivity have been qualitatively explained by considering the contribution from two mechanisms; one giving a linear dependence of conductivity on frequency and other having distribution of relaxation times giving rise to broad dielectric loss peak.

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022369   Karthikeyan A;Vinatier P;Levasseur A (Departmento de Engenharia de Materials, Instituto Superior Technico, , Av. Rovisco Pais-1049-002, LISBAO Codex) : Lithium glassy solid electrolyte/electrode interface by impedance analysis. Bull Mater Sci 2000, 23(3), 179-83.

Cells of lithium ion conducting glassy electrolyte Li₂SO₄-Li₂O-B₂O₃ with different combinations of electrodes (stainless steel blocking electrode, lithium non-blocking electrode and TiS₂ electrode) have been prepared. The a.c. impedance measurements of the cells have been studied at elevated temperature as a function of time. The circuit elements such as bulk resistance, double layer capacitance and charge transfer resistance have been inferred and their time dependence studied. The results show that the electrolyte and the interface are chemically very stable with the different types of electrode studied.

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022368   Jain A;Vijayan K (Materials Science Division, National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore-560 017) : Effect of penetrants on the aramid nomex. Bull Mater Sci 2000, 23(3), 211-4.

Response of Nomex sheets to some penetrants has been analyzed. The process of moisture uptake depends on the relative humidity (RH) of the ambient atmosphere and the initial characteristics of the polymer. In the case of common laboratory solvents, the uptake by the polymer shows an inverse dependence on the molar volume of the former. Although the calendered and the uncalendered Nomex sheets exhibit an overall similarity in their response to various penetrants, quantitative comparison reveals distinct differences.

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022367   Hou B;Li Y;Li Y;Zhang J (Institute of Oceanology, Academy of Sciences, Qingdao-266071) : Effect of alloy elements on the anti-corrosion properties of low alloy steel. Bull Mater Sci 2000, 23(3), 189-91.

Effect of alloy elements on corrosion of low alloy steel was studied under simulated offshore conditions. The results showed that the elements Cu, P, Mo, W, V had evident effect on corrosion resistance in the atmosphere zone; Cu, P, V, Mo in the splash zone and Cr, Al, Mo in the submerged zone.

022366   Hambir S;Jog J P (Chemical Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411 008) : Sintering of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. Bull Mater Sci 2000, 23(3), 221-6.

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a high performance polymer having low coefficient of friction, good abrasion resistance, good chemical resistance etc. It is used in shibuilding, textile industries and also in biomedical applications. UHMWPE is processed by powder processing technique because of its high melt viscosity at the processing temperature. Powder processing technique involves compaction of polymeric powder under pressure and sintering of the preforms at temperature above its melting point. Results on compaction and sintering behaviour of two grades of UHMWPE with reference to the powder morphology, sintering temperatures and strength development

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022365   Deepthi Nair L;Kapoor R (Department of Home Science, Sri Satya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Anantapur-515 001) : Comparative efficacy of different parts of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) on glycemic response in diabetic subjects in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh. Indian J Nutr Diet 2000, 37(3), 76-84.

Studies were conducted to determine the impacts of nutritional and antinutritional properties of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum) on the glycemic response in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) male subjects living in Anantpur, Andhra Pradesh. Data are furnished on the proximate constitutents, carbohydrate and fibre profiles, mineral and antinutrient compositions of seed, root, leaf and stalk of fenugreek. The mean plasma glucose levels of the diabetic subjects fed test samples (20g of powdered seed or root or leaf or stalk mixed with 50g of glucose) and glucose control meal (20g of standard glucose mixed with 50g of glucose) revealed significant increase of the same up to 60 to 90 minutes after administration with a reduction thereafter. After 120 minutes, the levels started reverting back to fasting ones (0-time) in those fed test samples of seed or root. The root and the seed of fenugreek showed potent hypoglycemic activities when compared to leaf and stalk. The probable components responsible for such actions could be the higher quantities of fibre, protein and some antinutrients present in them. Further studies are in progress to determine the antidiabetic agents present in the root of fenugreek and their modes of action in controlling diabetes in non insulin dependent diabetes subjects.

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022364   Dave J S;Menon M (Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, M S University of Baroda, Baroda-390 001) : Azomesogens ith a heterocyclic moiety. Bull Mater Sci 2000, 23(3), 237-8.

Azobenzene derivatives were among the first ten liquid crystalline compounds. But there have been no detailed investigations on azomesogens consisting of a heterocyclic moiety. Twelve different azo compounds have been condensed with nicotinic acid to evaluate the effect of variation of terminal group on the monosubstituted pyridine system. The relative thermal stabilities and the variation in the mesmorphic characteristics have also been studied.

022363   Chauhan G S;Kaith B S;Guleria L K (Department of Chemistry, H P University, SHIMLA-171 005) : Polymers from renewable : a study in the sorption of Cr<. Res J Chem Envir 2000, 4(1), 35-7.

Investigates potential of some cellulose graft copolymers, especially, with respect to the structural aspects of graft copolymers chains as new membrane materials. Sorption studies of Cr⁺⁶ ions from aqueous solution of CrO3 have been studied. Grafting improves metal ions sorption behaviour of cellulose. Method of synthesis of graft copolymer has tremendous effect on sorption behaviour. For identical graft levels graft copolymer synthesized by gamma radiation initiation, sorb three times more ions as compared to the graft copolymer synthesized by initiation with persulphate redox system. Copolymers having binary monomer units grafted, sorb less than those which has only poly (Sty) grafted onto. Reasons have been forwarded to count for such behaviour of graft copolymers.

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