006496   Krishnan V G;Murugan K (Botany Dep, College Univ, Thiruvananthapuram-695 034, Email: harimurukan@gmail.com) : Assessing phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular diversity in Pentas lanceolata (Forssk) deflers. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 169-76.

Pentas lanceolata, the Egyptian star cluster belongs to Rubiaceae, include many cultivars with variable flower colour. An initial attempt was made to differentiate the cultivars using morphological characters of leaves and flowers. The cultivars show more or less uniformity in these characters except size of the leaves and flower colour. As the second phase of the study, molecular analysis was carried to differentiate the cultivars. Among DNA based molecular markers, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) provide an excellent tool for studying genetic relationships. Genetic diversity among the cultivars of Pentas was attempted by DNA fingerprinting using 12 RAPD primers. Good quality DNA was exracted from young tender leaves of Pentas lanceolata cultivars by CTAB method with minor modification like detergent concentration (2% PVP and 3% CTAB). The quality of DNA was checked by Agarose Gel Elctrophoresis. The isolated DNA was quantified using UV spectrophotometer at 260 nm and 280 nm and the quantified DNA was subjected to PCR amplification. 81 unambiguous, readable and reproducible RAPD bands were produced using 12 RAPD primers. The bands obtained were having sizes raning from 250 to 5000 bp. Of the 81 badns, 31 (38.2%) were polymorphic and shared between five individuals, while 50 (61.7%) were monomorphic in the five cultivars. Thus the present study showed low to moderate genetic diversity among the cultivars. As the last phase of the study pigment concentrations, protein and phenol content were also showed variations. Red cultivar showed higher content in protein, phenols and chlorophyll pigments.

4 illus, 5 tables, 21 ref

006495   Kehri H K;Khare V;Singh A P;Mishra R (Botany Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-211 002, Email: kehrik@rediffmail.com) : VA mycorrhizal status in the aromatic plants growing under natural or cultivated conditions in and around Allahabad. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 197-207.

Present study has been undertaken to assess the magnitude of mycorrhization in the aromatic plants of commercial importance growing in and around Allahabad, under natural or cultivated conditions. A total of 15 species of aromatic plants belonging to 10 different genera were collected. Out of which, Artemisia pallens Wall. and Tagetes erecta L. belonged to family Asteraceae, Mentha arvensis DC, M. piperata L., Ocimum basilicum L. and O. sanctum L. to Lamiaceae, Jasminum roxburghianum Wallich and J. sambac (L.) Aiton to Oleaceae, Pandanus odoratissimus L.f. to Pandanaceae, Cymbopogon flexuosus Stapf., C. martinii (Roxb.) Wats., C. wintarianus Jowitt and Vetiveria zizanioides(L.)Nash Poaceae and Citrus aurantifolia Swingle and Murraya koenigii(L.) Spreng. to Rutaceae. In the present study, all the aromatic plants were found to be mycorrhizal, however, wide variations were observed in the intensity of root infection and sporulation. Percent root bit infection in the aromatic plants ranged from 20 to 72%. Maximum percent root bit infection was recorded in Tagetes erecta L. and minimum in Artemisia pallens Wall.

5 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

006494   Kanther R P;Gena D (Botany Dep, S.D. Government College, Beawar, Rajasthan, Email: rpkanther@gmail.com) : Ethno-medico-botany of Todgarh-Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary, Rajasthan, India. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 249-56.

Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary lies in central position of Aravalli range of Rajasthan. The sanctuary is fortunately a cradle of medicinal plants. This region is the ecotone of both vegetational segments of Rajasthan like xerophytic vegetation as well as mesic vegetations. Rawat tribe lives dominantly in this sanctuary. A considerable amount of verbal information on medicinal properties of plant is available with Rawat tribe's of Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary. In the present paper an attempt has been made to document the precious traditional knowledge on folk-lore medicines of Todgarh Raoli Wildlife Sanctuary and the selected important ethno-medicinal plants used by Rawat tribe's are discussed in this paper.

1 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

006493   Kala S M J;Soris P T;Mohan V R (Chemistry Dep, St. Xavier's College, Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu, Email: vrmohan_2005@yahoo.com) : Pharmaco-chemical characterisation of Eugenia floccosa Beddome. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 320-3.

Deals with the pharmaco-chemical characterization of Eugenia flocossa Bedd. The said plant species is used by the Kanikkar tribe of Southern Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu for treating rheumatic pain. Physico-chemical, fluorescence and preliminary phytochemical analysis were carried out. The pharmaco-chemical characterization study will be helpful to study the active principles using modern techniques in the later part of this work.

3 tables, 15 ref

006492   Jain U;Mishra B;Mahendra Kumar (Botany Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004) : Effect of certain heavy metals on pigment contents of seedlings of Daucus carota L.. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 257-60.

Total chlorophyll and carotenoids contents in seedlings of Daucus carota L. decreased when they were treated with five heavy metals namely, cadmium, lead, nickel, zinc and copper. When compared with controls Cd was found to be the most toxic to pigments. The relative toxicity of heavy metals could be expressed as Cd <62> Pb <62> Ni <62> Cu <62> Zn.

2 tables, 25 ref

006491   Irwin S J;Narasimhan D;Madha Suresh V (Centre for Floristic Research Botany Dep, Madras Christian College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu-600 059, Email: sheebajirwin@gmail.com) : Ecology, distribution and population status of Elaeocarpus venustus Bedd. (Oxalidales:Elaeocarpaceae), a threatened tree species from Agasthiyamalai biosphere reserve, Southern Western Ghats, India. J Threatened Taxa 2013, 5(9), 4378-84.

Deals with the ecology, population size, status of regeneration, habitat degradation and threat status of Elaeocarpus venustus Bedd. an endemic and threatened tree species restricted to Agasthiyamalai Biosphere Reserve, southern Western Ghats, India. The population sites of this species in the study area were recorded using Global Positioning System and mapped using Arc GIS software. The population of this species is highly fragmented due to anthropogenic activities. The total stem count in all population sites from the study area was carried out to understand the population structure. A total of 181 saplings were recorded from the entire study area of which 180 are from a single site. Nearly 64% of the stems recorded in this study are mature stems. Poor regeneration was seen in population sites that were highly disturbed. In spite of good adult population, the low number of saplings shows poor germination of seeds and establishment of seedlings.

1 illus, 2 tables, 36 ref

006490   Hosagoudar V B;Thomas S (NO, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram-695 562, Email: vbhosagoudar@rediffmail.com) : Asterina drypetigena a new species of fungus from Shivamogga, Karnataka, India. J Threatened Taxa 2013, 5(9), 4420-21.

1 illus, 3 ref

006489   Gogoi M;Mahanta S J;Rajkumari N (Botany Dep, Gargaon College, Simaluguri, Sivasagar, Assam) : Impact of industiral extension on the phytodiversity of Sivasagar district of Northeast India with special reference to ONGCL. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(2), 227-32.

Sivasagar district falls under North East Biogeographic zone and Brahamputra valley endowed with luxuriant vegetation and rich in biodiversity. The district is comprised of seven reserve forest and 23 grazing forest area. Abhoypur, Sola, Sapekhati, Rangoli, Panidehing, Dilli and Galekey are reserve forest. Abhoypur reserve forest is the transition area in between Assa-Nagaland and Assam-Arunachal Pradesh. Total area covered by the district is 1060 square Kilometer. ONGCL and Tea cultivation are the chief sources of employment opportunity and income generating industry. Drilling operation of ONGCL and extension activities of small tea growers are main causes of loss of phytodiversity. The present investigation prepares an inventory of phytodiversity and recorded 523 numbers of plant species out of which 23 species are pteridophytic plant, Gymnosperms 3 numbers, Angiosperms Dicotyledons 338 and Monocotyledons 159 species. Similarly and dissimilarity index of the phytodiversity index were determined on the basis of disturbed and undisturbed sites of the reserve forest. Moreover 33 endangered and endemic species were recorded from the different forest areas of the district.

6 tables, 17 ref

006488   Faujdar K;Mathur A P (Botany Dep, M.S.J. Govt. P.G. College, Bhratpur-321 001) : Forecasting models of yield loss and alternaria blight severity for Indian mustard. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 289-94.

Indian mustard, an important oilseed crop of India, is ravaged by a number of diseases, Alternaria blight being one of them. The Alternaria blight caused by Alternaria brassicae and A. brassicicola has been reported from almost every continent of the world on oilseeds Brassica, Alternaria blight might be responsible for 10-70 per cent average yield losses in rapeseed - mustard depending upon prevailing weather and disease situation. Experiments laid out at location Bharatpur. Yield loss and severity of disease on leaf and pod at crop age were forecasted for variety cv. Varuna and Rohini by stepwise regression method. On pod, data revealed that for this location and variety age at first appearance of disease severity remained 90-120 days after sowing (d.a.s) and due to age at peak disease severity yield losses remained 21-53%. Peak disease severity remained 98-120 d.a.s. and on pod disease severity appeared 115-130 d.a.s. Due to appearance of disease in its peak form 115-130 d.a.s. yield losses remained 22-50%. Highest disease severity percentage forecasted was 1.4-45% on leaf and pod yield loss remained 5-60%. It was possible to provide the forecast in public interest at least one week prior to first appearance of disease, which allows farmers to either avoid fungicidal spray or make timely and effective prophylactic sprays. This could thereby reduce unwanted fungicidal load on the crop.

3 tables, 16 ref

006487   Dodake M M;Dahat D V (Botany Dep, Agriculture College, Pune, Maharashtra) : Genotypic and phenotypic variability in rice bean. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(2), 370-1.

The different 50 genotypes of rice bean were evaluated for 12 different characters including growth and yield attributes. Higher values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed for harvest index, number of root nodules per plant, seed yield per plant, number of pods per plant and number of branches per plant. The lowest genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for days to maturity.

1 table, 9 ref

006486   Dias S S E (Botany Dep, St. Xavier's College of Arts, Science & Commerce, Mapusa Bardez, Goa-403 507, Email: sab_di_14@yahoo.co.in) : Some poisonous plants of Goa. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 283-91.

Various kinds of poisoning by plants takes place. Field surveys were carried out at various places in Goa. About 44 plant species belonging to 40 genera and 17 families were identified to be toxic to humans and animals. These plants have been discussed along with their botanical name, family, vernacular name, common name, poisonous part, toxic constituents and toxic aspect. About 6 plants were found to be abortifacients, 13 plants cause dermatitis, 5 plants cause purgation, 10 plants cause gastrointestinal disorders, 8 plants cause stomatitis, 2 plants are cardiac poisons, 1 plant each cause deliriant cerebral poisoning and spinal poisoning respectively. Some plants like Calotropis and Semecarpus show more than one type of symptoms.

22 ref

006485   Deepa S;Prabakaran G;Paramanik R C;Paramnik A (NO, Research Development Centre, Bharathiyar Univ, Coimbatore-641 046, Email: deepa27081980@yahoo.com) : Evaluation of antibacterial activity and phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 153-68.

Antibacterial activity of Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd. leaf extracts prepared from methanol,acetone, chloroform, ethanol, petroleum ether extracts of Alpinia galanga were checked against pathogens isolated from wound isolates like burn, accident, skin, abscess, trauma etc viz. Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sps, Proteus sps, Staph aureus, using Agar well diffusion method. Acetone extracts have shown excellent anti bacterial activity towards all the pathogens with plant extract ranging from 5-25mg/ml and size of zone (mm) ranged 8-26 mm (12.5 mg) concentration and 8-35 mm (25 mg), respectively. The ethanolic extract contained the highest concentrations of total phenolic compounds (92.40 ± 0.83(mg TAE/g) and flavonoids (13.78 mg TAE/g) and Tannins 48.80 ± 0.83(mg TAE/g). The LC-MS analysis of methanol extracts have yielded compound like 1-acetoxy chavicol Acetate which could be responsible for its broad spectrum activity. So, A. galanga can be quite resourceful for the development of new generation drugs.

4 illus, 10 ref

006484   Cho J A;Ho Park;Lim E H;Lee K W (Adult Stem Cell Research Institute Obstetrics and Gynecology Dep, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan School of Medicine Univ, 108 Pyung-Dong, Jongro-Gu, Seoul-110 746, Korea, Email: kw4773.lee@samsung.com ) : MicroRNA expression profiling in neurogenesis of adipose tissue-derived stem cells. J Genet 2011, 90(1), 81-93.

Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are one population of adult stem cells that can self renew and differentiate into multiple lineages. Because of advantages in method and quantity of acquisition, ADSCs are gaining attention as an alternative source of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, author performed microRNA profiling of undifferentiated and of neurally-differentiated ADSCs to identify the responsible microRNAs in neurogenesis using this type of stem cell. MicroRNAs from four different donors were analysed by microarray. Compared to the undifferentiation control, authors identified 39-101 microRNAs with more than two-fold higher expression and 3-9 microRNAs with two-fold lower expression. The identified microRNAs were further analysed in terms of gene ontology (GO) in relation with neurogenesis, based on their target mRNAs predicted by computational analysis. This study revealed the specific microRNAs involved in neurogenesis via microRNA microarray, and may provide the basic information for genetic induction of adult stem cell differentiation using microRNAs.

5 illus, 5 tables, 33 ref

006483   Chaturvedi P;Chowdhary A (NO, Haffikine Institute, Pare, Mumbai, Email: pratibha.c@rediffmail.com) : Tylophora indica: a biotechnlogical approach. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 131-9.

Article describes the classification, taxonomic description, medicinal use, habitat and distribution of Tylophora indica, an important indigenous plant used for many deseases like asthama, inflammation, anticancerous and immunomodulatory. The article contain the efficient protocols of indirect organogenesis and secondary metabolites production in vitro tissue culture of T. indica. ln addition to this, the study of antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of T. indica extracts are also included in this review. The molecular characterization of regenerated micro shoots of T. indica was carried out by using the RAPD and ISSR analysis.

2 illus, 6 tables, 38 ref

006482   Binu S (NO, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananmthapuram, Kerala) : Ethnoveterinary plants used by the tribals in Pathanamthitta district of Kerala, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 306-9.

Deals with the ethnoveterinary practices among the tribals in Pathanamthitta disrict of Kerala. The tribal information presented here is the out come of exploration trips conducted during 1990 to 1996. Most of the data presented here were found to be new as compared with the available literature.

12 ref

006481   Bhellum B L (Botany Dep, Govt. Degree College, Kathwa-184 101) : Contibution to the flora of district Kathua of Jammu and Kashmir state, India-I. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 413-8.

Flora of district Kathua has been selected to be delt with its floristic studies. The author has planed to publish the Flora of this district in the form of the different continuous lists. The present communication list deals with the families from Ranuncu-laceae to Malvaceae. The Bentham & Hooker's system of classification has been followed for families arrangement.

1 illus, 2 ref

006480   Bhellum B L (Botany Dep, Govt. Degree College, Kathwa-180 101) : Bryonia dioica Jacq. (cucurbitaceae)- a new record for the flora of Jammu and Kashmir state. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 377-8.

The paper puts on record Bryonia dioica Jacq. as new to the flora of Jammu and Kashmir State. The specimens were collected from near Jawahar Tunnel of district Ramban of the State in 2010. A brief description and illustrations of the plant twig and its floral parts are provided.

1 illus, 3 ref

006479   Bhellum B L (Botany Dep, Govt. Degree College, Kathwa-184 101) : Floristic diversity of foothills of Northwest Himalaya, district Ramban of Jammu and Kashmir state, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 365-9.

Studies on the vegetation of foothills of the Himalayan regions of district Ramban of Jammu and Kashmir State have been conducted between 2010- 2011 in order to find out the status of this part of the State. There are well marked zones in relation to ascent of different altitudes in the district. With the change in the altitude, there is change in the vegetation from lower to higher elevations. The average rainfall as recorded at the three different stations has been given which shows a close relationship with respect to its adjoining areas. The vegetation of this district is colourful and rich.

2 illus, 17 ref

006478   Bhellum B L (Botany Dep, Govt. Degree College, Kathwa-184 101) : Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. var. Parviflora (Reinw.) DC. (asteraceae)-a new record for the flora of Jammu and Kashmir and Northwest India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 304-5.

The present paper puts on record Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. var. parviflora (Reinw.) DC, as new record for the flora of Jammu and Kashmir and its adjoining State in India. During the plant exploration in Jammu and Kashmir State in 2009, the author collected some specimens of Vernonia cinearea (L.) Less. from Kathua which were later identified as Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less. var. parviflora (Bl.) DC. The paper increases the distributional range of the species from south to northern India.

1 illus, 7 ref

006477   Bhellum B L (Botany Dep, Govt. Degree College, Kathua-184 101) : Trees of Srinagar, Kashmir, Northwest Himalaya of Jammu and Kashmir state. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 275-82.

Located on the north-west of India, the State of Jammu and Kashmir hosts a lot of rich and diverse floristic elements. The entire State is divided into three zones namely, Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh. The present communication puts on record 49 genera representing 88 species belonging to 29 families of the flowering plants.

11 ref

006476   Bhardwaj R;Dutta S;Sharma K C (Environmental Science Dep, Maharshi Dayanand Saraswati Univ, Ajmer, Email: ruchirabhardwaj@gmail.com) : Conserving biodiversity of medicinal plants from Central Aravallis of Rajasthan, India. J Envir Res Dev 2011, 6(1), 69-75.

Plants have been an integral part of herbal medicine since ages. In India, the use of plants for medicinal treatment dates back to 5000 years. The present paper is an attempt to explore the traditional, folk and herbal medicine of the Central Aravalli region of Rajasthan. The Aravalli range possesses enormous floristic and ethnic diversities. The main tribes of the region are Bhil, Meena, Garasia and Kathodi. These tribes use the indigenous flora for various medicinal purposes in their daily life as local people have faith and belief in these medicines. The present paper highlights some of the potential medicinal plant species that are used as traditional herbal remedies by the tribal people. Ethnobotanical information about medicinal plants is given by mentioning their botanical name, family, local name, ecology and uses. The present study revealed that economically and medicinally important plants of the study area are facing pressure due to uncontrolled harvesting, overexploitation, premature harvesting, overgrazing, burning etc., because of which few of them have become rare, threatened and endangered. Hence, scientific management is of prime importance today. Conservation strategies must include Identification and utility of these plants and compilation of a database. It is realized in the present study that community based efforts have to be made in order to raise awareness amongst local rural and tribal people of the Central Aravalli hills about the importance and conservation of these valuable taxa.

2 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

006475   Bennans T;Sathish D K;Krishnan R;Murugan K (Botany Dep, Fatma Mata National College, Kollam, Kerala) : Evaluation of biochemical and molecular diversity in Excoecaria agallocha Linn. growing at varying habitats. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 123-30.

Study focuses the changes in potein and DNA banding patterns coupled with biochemical parameters in Excoecaria agallocha L. collected from different sites of Kollam, Kerala. The methodologies employed include- Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel elecrophoresis (SDS-PAGE): biochemical and analytical. Notably proline concentratin sowed a remarkable variation in the plants collected from different sites. Higher concentrations of proline might be the reason of salinity tolerance in the species. The photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates and crude protein also show varied response in the plants growing at different mangrove habitats. Total phenols exhibited significant variation whithin the population collected from the different habitats. This in turn suggests the possibility of variation in the magnitude of secondary metabolic pathway in these plants in tune to the habitat. From three varying habitats of study, 62 DNA bands were detected in total notwithstanding these bands were not found commonly to all. The protein finger printing revealed a maximum of 12 bands. Some bands are specific to the population of their habitats. These observations suggest the possible involvement of these polypeptides as stress proteins in the plants. Dendrogram of E. agallocha prepared from the RAPD data reveals three different clusters.

3 illus, 5 tables, 23 ref

006474   Bangar M A;Padamwar S B;Patil S S;Dhembre A B (Botany Dep, Netaji Subhaschendra Bose College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Nanded, Maharashtra) : Foliar epidermal studies in some Clearodendrum species (Verbenaceae). Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(2), 243-6.

Five species of Clerodendrum have been investigated for epidermal structure. The walls of the epidermal cells are sinuous. The abaxial epidermis shows more sinuous nature in same species. The culticular striations are noted in C. inerme on lower epidermis. The leaves are hypostomatic but in C. philippinum is amphistomatic. The stomata are present on both the surfaces. However, the stomatal number is less on the adaxial surface. The stomata are mostly anomocytic. Anisocytic, diacytic and tetracytic types also occur. The diacytic stomata are dominant in C. serratum. Both glandular trichomes are sessile and occur in the form of scales. In C. aculeatum, variation is seen in the structure of scales.

1 illus, 11 ref

006473   Bachulkar M (Botany Dep, Shri Vijaysinha Yadav Arts and Science College, Peh, Vadgora-416 112) : Additions to the flora of Maharashtra. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 381-2.

Four species, namely Habenaria elwesii Hook. f. (Orchidaceae), Rhynchosia viscosa (Roth) DC. (Fabaceae), Richardia scabra (L.) (Rubiaceae) and Rotala occultiflora Koehne, are recorded as an addition to the flora of Maharashtra.

3 ref

006472   Apang O (NO, Orchid Research Centre, Tippi, P.O. Bhalukpong-790 114) : Dendrobium sessanicum O. apang-a new species of Dendrobium sw. (Orchidaceae) from Arunachal Pradesh, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(2), 370-3.

Dendrobium sessanicum species nov. is described from Sessa orchid sanctuary, West Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. The new species is compared with Dendrobium monticola P. F. Hunt & Summerh and Dendrobium eriaeflorum Griff. They belong to the same section of Stachyobium Lindl. This section is essentially characterized in the lip. Dendrobium sessanicum is different from D. monticola Hunt & Summerh and D. eriaeflorum Griff. in the position of lip and column.

1 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

006471   Ali S M;Akhtar N (Microbiology Dep, Shadan Institute of P.G. Studies, Khairatabad, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 036, Email: adshireen@gmail.com) : Antimicrobial activity of some essential oils. J phytol Res 2012, 25(2), 265-70.

Antimicrobial activity of essential oils against skin infection causing pathogenic bacteria i.e., Staphylococcusa and Pseudomonas sps. was carried out using four essential oils, namely Rosemarinus officianalis (Rosemary oil), Syzygium aromaticum (Clove oil), Eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus oil), Cymbopogon martini(Palmarosa oil) by 'Agar well Assay' and Tube Assay growth' of organisms. The results indicate Rosemarinus officianalis oil is more effective in inhibiting the bacterial growth while Syzygium aromaticum is the least effective. In the present paper, the results of antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas sps. are described and is discussed.

4 illus, 1 table, 23 ref

006470   Akintoye H A;AdeOluwa O O;Akinkunmi O Y (Floriculture Improvement Programme, National Horticultural Research Institute, P.M.B. 5432, Ibadan, Nigeria, Email: akintye2005@yahoo.co.uk) : Effect of different growth media on the growth and flowering of beefsteak begonia (Begonia erythrophylla). J appl Hort 2013, 15(1), 57-61.

Experiments were conducted over a two-year cropping season to determine the effect of growth media on rooting, growth and flowering. Nine growth media viz., river sand (RS), topsoil + poultry manure (T+P), topsoil (T), river sand + poultry manure (RS+P), sawdust (S), topsoil + river sand + poultry manure (T+RS+P), topsoil + sawdust (T+S), sawdust + river sand (S+RS), topsoil + poultry manure + river sand + sawdust (T+P+RS+S) were used for the study. It was found that growth media significantly (P<62> 0.05) affected the number of branches and branch length per plant; number of leaves and number of flowers per plant. The quantity of flowers produced per week varied according to each growth media as follows: Begonia planted in topsoil + poultry manure (4:1) produced the highest number of flowers per plant, while sawdust + river sand (3:1) produced the least number of branches per plant, branch length per plant, number of leaves per plant and number of flowers per plant in the two years of the experiment. The slow growth, poor development and late blooming in soil + sawdust (4:1) and sawdust + river sand (3:1), could be as a result of inadequate nutrients in the substrates. Topsoil + poultry manure (4:1) growth medium (with or without river sand), appeared to be the suitable growth medium that will significantly enhance early rooting, establishment, growth and development of beefsteak begonia and sustain flower production for a good length of time.

005431   Thomas M;Varghese A;Rajanirajan;Abraham Samuel K;Kurian P (NO, Tropical Institute of Ecological Sciences, Velloor P.O., Kottayam, Kerala-686 501, Email: doctorfungus@rediffmail.com ) : Checklist of microfungi in Kerala, India. Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol envir Sci 2011, 13(4), 651-8.

An attempt to prepare a checklist of microfungi in Kerala, India was undertaken. A total of 79 genera representing 169 species of fungi, comprising 42 families were reported from Kerala. The checklist is based on the available published literature.

1 table, 40 ref

005430   Suresh D;Manorama S (PG and Research Botany Dep, Kongunadu Asrts and Science College, Coimbatore-641 029) : Seed scarification studies in selected medicinal plants of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the Western Ghats. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2011, 21(3-4), 223-6.

Seed scarification studies in six medicinal plants namely, Anaphalis elliptica, Ceropegia pusilla, Hedyotis articularis, Heracleum rigens, Leucas vestita and Luzula cumpestris inhabiting the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the Western Ghats have been carried out to know the germination ability. Seed germination rate has been increased in all the six species by the treatment of seeds with the growth promoter, Indole Acetic Acid at 100-150 ppm. The another growth promoter, Naphthalene Acetic Acid at 100-150 ppm also has considerable level of influence to increase the seed germination percentage of Ceropegia pusilla. Heracleum rigens, Leucas vestita and Luzula campestris. The growth hormone, Gibberellic acid at 100-150 ppm was determined to be effective for seed germination in three species viz., Hedyotis articularis, Heracleum rigens and Leucas vestita. The treatment of seeds with the growth promoters IAA, NAA and GA3 at the concentrations between 100 and 150 ppm are more effective for the germination of seeds of all select species. It is suggested that the sowing of seeds in suitable micro-sites of grasslands of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve after this standardized treatment can be used to enhance the populations considerably.

1 table, 13 ref

005429   Sivakumar S R;Thajuddin N;Arunkumar K (Botany Dep, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli-620 024, Email: sarojasiva3@yahoo.com) : Biodiversity of micro organisms of Ranjankudi fort, Perambalur district. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(1-2), 11-16.

Major micro organisms on external surfaces of historic building of Ranjankudi fort are algae and cyanobacteria. The Prototrophs (algae & cyanobaclcria) have been considered as the primary colonizers conditioning the inert surface tor the growth ofhctcrolrophic organisms.

1 table, 12 ref

005428   Rothe S P (Botany Dep, Shri Shivaji College of Arts, Commerce & Science, Akola, Maharashtra) : Exotic medicinal plants from West Vidarbha region of Maharashtra. Adv Res pharm biol 2012, 2(1), 33-40.

The main objective of this article is to deals with the report of 29 exotic medicinal plants collected from West Vidabha region of Maharashtra where the plants are used by the tribals and villagers for the purpose of treatment of diseases. Exotics are naturalized in almost all the region and nowadays they are the part of our indigenous flora. Knowledge about exotics is a later creation or addition to traditional knowledge. Researchers now try to determine what components of traditional nowledge related to indigenous species and what percentage of exotics.

16 ref

005427   Philomina N S;Pradeep Kumar S (Botany Dep, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa-516 003, Email: nsphilomina@gmail.com) : Antimicrobial activity of Ixora coccinea flowers. Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol envir Sci 2011, 13(4), 605-8.

Ethanol, methanol and distilled water extracts of Ixora coccinea flowers was studied for antibacterial activities by well plate method and filter paper method. The ethanol extract was found to be more active than the methanol and distilled water extracts. The results of the study indicate that the flowers have potential antibacterial activity and are concentration dependent. The flower extract was more active against gram negative bacteria than gram positive bacteria.

2 tables, 10 ref

005426   Pawar S;Patil D A (Botany Dep, Pratap College, Amalner, District Jalgaon, (Maharashtra), Email: shubhangipawarb@rediffmail.com) : Practices of contact therapy in Jalgaon district (Maharashtra), India. Adv Res pharm biol 2012, 2(1), 41-4.

Main objective of this research is to communicate information on plant species generally employed during contact therapy in Jalgaon District. Data is gathered for 17 angiospermic species belonging to 14 families. Parts such as bulbs, bulblets, stem, leaves, flowers and fruits of locally available species are used to cure the ailments. The medicine men, tribal and rural inhabitants treat diseases like asthma, sciatica, arthritis, leprosy, body tumor, fever, cold and cough, mums, etc.

1 table, 7 ref

005425   Pachkore G L;Dharasurkr A N;Dhale D A (Botany Dep, P. V. P. College, Patoda-414 204, Email: gpachkore@rediffmail.com) : Pharmacognostical evaluation of two Mentha Species of Lamiaceae. Adv Res pharm biol 2012, 2(1), 62-72.

Present study has been carried out on two important species of Mentha: M. spicata Linn and M. piperata Linn. of family Lamiaceae which are valuable medicinal plants. The paper aims to identify and differentiate various anatomical features such as root and stem vessels, anatomy of node, leaf anatomy, petiole anatomy and leaf epidermis (quantitative microscopy viz., SI, SF, VTN,VIN), for evaluating the selected species of Mentha. In addition, physicochemical analyses such as moisture contents, different ash values, different extractive values are studied. Phytochemical screening methods were applied for identifying the major chemical groups in these species such as volatile oil, starch, protein, tannin, saponin, fat, glycoside and alkaloids.

2 illus, 6 tables, 6 ref

005424   Momin R K;Kadam V B (Botany Dep, Milliya, Science and Management College, Beed, Maharashtra, Email: drvbkadam@yahoo.com) : Biochemical evaluation of some medicinal plants of genus Sesbania of Marathwada region in Maharashtra. Adv Res pharm biol 2012, 2(1), 117-22.

Seasonal variation of protein and amino acid content have been investigated from leaves, wood and bark of Sesbania grandiflora, Sesbania bispinosa and Sesbania cannabina are the medicinally important plant of Marathwada region (M.S., India). Comparative account of protein contents of leaves, wood and bark of Sesbania cannabina showed higher level (range 3.957 to 5.939 mg/g dry wt.) than Sesbania grandiflora (range 3.347 to 4.288 mg/g dry wt.) andSesbania bispinosa (range 2.706 to 3.575 mg/g dry wt.). The leaves of Sesbania cannabina showed high level of amino acid content (range 1.034 to 1.223 mg/g dry wt.) and wood of Sesbania bispinosa was with lower amino acid content (range 0.399 to 0.458 mg/g dry wt.).

7 ref

005423   Manonmani R;Francisca P (Botany Dep, Holy Cross College, Tiruchirappalli-620 002, Email: manonmani.s22@gmail.com) : In vitro propagation of Wattakaka volubilis benth. ex hook F. from nodal explants. Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol envir Sci 2011, 13(4), 669-72.

Wattakaka valubilis Benth. Ex Hook. F. a medicinal plant has been successfully micropropagated using nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium with different concentrations (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 mg/L) of kinetin (Kn). A maximum of 9 shoots were observed at 3.0 mg/L Kn with the average length of 4.6 em followed by 4.0mg/L BA+0.05 mg/L NAA from which 7 shoots were observed with the length of 3Acm. The regenerated shoots were excised and transferred to rooting medium containing auxin (NAA) at different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mg/L). The highest of 60% rooting was observed at 0.3 mg/l NAA. The in vitra derived plantlets were hardened and acclimatized in soil.

2 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

005422   Kothale K V;Rothe S P;Pethe A S (Botany Dep, Govt. Cidarbha Institute of Science & Hsumanities, Amravati) : Experimental taxonomic investigation on Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex walp. Adv Res pharm biol 2012, 2(1), 112-6.

Present investigation includes the phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of medicinally important plant from family Fabaceae. Plant is commonly known as Giripushpa widely used as hedge plant. Plant extracts were prepared in various solvents and phytochemically they were tested in the solvent where the good extraction or active extraction observed, phytochemical tests were carried out especially for analyzing secondary metabolites from the plant.

2 tables, 14 ref

005421   Gaikwad S P;Gore R D;Garad K U (Life Science Research Lab, Walchand College of Arts and Science, Solapur-413 006, Email: garadku@gmail.com) : Additions to the flora of Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. J Threatened Taxa 2012, 4(4), 2515-23.

^ssc18 ref

005420   Duraisamy R;Rajendran A (Botany Dep, Thiru VI. KA. Govt Arts College, Tiruvarur-610 003) : Phyto veterinary medicines of Tiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2011, 21(3-4), 325-30.

The study highlights the little known therapeutic information collected on veterinary medicines in remote villages of Tiruvarur district. Forty medicinal plants were used by folk population to cure ailments of hoof rot, sour neck, dysentery, diarrhoea, wounds, 'Simla disease' and inflammation common in the domestic animals of goat, bullock, buffalo and horse. The plants Karuvaelam; Poolai poo, Karum Poola, Yerukku, Biraayan, Kadiccha kai, Indian aloe, Thazhu thaazhai etc; have been botanically identified and their ecological xerophytic status has been presented.

1 table, 16

005419   Benny S;Devi Prasad A G (Studies in Environmental Science Dep, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, Email: envimys2009@yahoo.com) : Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in Bathery talk of Wayanad, Kerala, India. Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol envir Sci 2011, 13(4), 685-94.

Present studies were carried out to investigate the ethno botanical profile of four major tribal groups namely Kurichia, Kuruma, Kattunaika and Paniya of Bathery taluk of Wayanad district, Kerala. 52 medicinal plant species belonging to 35 families are used for different types of diseases like wound, ear pain, tooth ache, skin diseases dysentery, urinary troubles diabetics, animal bite, bone fracture, abortion, post delivery problems, menstrual problems and some veterinary diseases like mastitis, maggot wound and decreased milk production were recorded during the survey. The precious ethno botanical knowledge is disappearing very fast, so this study could be helpful in conserving the precious knowledge. To present the results of ethnobotanical field survey of Bathery taluk, Wayanad District, Kerala and to aware the people about their conservation and to awaken the researchers to discover new plant medicines. Direct interviews with traditional medical practitioners, collection of data, collection of plant specimens, preparation of herbariums, identification of plants with the help of experts, plant photo album preparation and documentation of data related to therapeutic use, method of preparation of medicines etc. The results showed that Kuruma tribe dominates in traditional medicinal practices followed by Kattunaika, Kurichia and Paniya. The study presents information on the ethnobotanical uses of 50 species of plants belonging to 50 genera and 33 families. Among the 50 tribal remedies 22 remedies are reported for the first time in Kerala.In the present study we have documented Amorphophallus paeonifolius Var. Paeonifolius (Piles) and Nothapodytes nimmonia. (Sprain) are vulnerable, Pterospermum rubiginosum Rheumatism) and Rawlfia serpentina (Abdominal pain) are endemic. Raphidophora pertusa (Abdominal pain) is a threatened plant species.These plants are extensively used for the preparation of medicines for various common ailments in this area. As a result of the present study, we recommend the plants listed in Table 1 for further phytochemical analysis and ethnopharmacological studies especially Amorphophallus paeonifolius Var. Paeonifolius, Nothapodytes nimmonia, Pterospermum rubiginosum, Rauvolfia serpentine and Raphidophora pertusa.

4 illus, 1 table, 18 ref

005418   Anand S P;Nandagopalan V;Jeyachandran R (P.G. & Research Department of Botany, National College, Tiruchirappalli-620 001, Email: dranandsp@gmail.com) : In vitro plant regeneration of Premna latifolia from nodal explants. Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol envir Sci 2011, 13(4), 695-8.

Nodal explants form Premna latifolia were used to produce multiple shoots on MS medium containing various concentrations of growth regulators. Among the combinations used, MS medium containing BAP (2 mg/L) was found to be best for induction of multiple shoots within 2 weeks of culture. The same concentration was also seemed to be a promising one for shoot elongation. The elongated shoots were separated individually and transferred to rooting media containing different concentrations of IAA. The highest percentage of rooting was observed with IAA (1 mg/L) and maximum root length was recorded within the same medium. The regenerated plantlets were transferred to the field after hardening.

2 illus, 2 tables, 24 ref

004388   Wankhade S G;Gholap S V;Patil M;Kolhe P P (NO, All India Networking Researcg Project on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Akola, Maharashtra) : Uptake of nutrients, root yield and quality of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) as influenced by harvesting period. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 83-6.

Field experiment to study the uptake of nutrients, root yield and quality of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) as influenced by harvesting period was conducted at Nagarjun Medicinal Plants Garden, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (Maharashtra) during 2003-04. The soil of the experimental site was slightly calcareous, alkaline and clayey in texture, sufficient in available K, however, low in organic carbon, available N and Olsen's P. The treatments were comprised of five harvesting time viz., T₁ - At flowering initiation, T₂ - 50% flowering, T₃ -100% flowering, T₄ -Berry ripening and T₅ -At maturity tried in Randomized Block Design with four replications. The content of N, P, K and S in dry matter was decreased with the harvesting time in dry matter as well as in roots. The uptake of N was significantly increased up to 50% flowering stage. P and S were significantly increased up to berry ripening stage and K uptake was noticed highest at maturity stage. The content of micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B) was also decreased with the harvesting time in dry matter as well as roots. The uptake of micronutrients increased with the harvesting time. Zn was noticed maximum at 100% flowering stage and Fe was noticed maximum at berry ripening stage. Significantly highest root yield was recorded with the harvesting at 100% flowering stage over all the treatments except berry ripening stage. The crude content was found to increase with the harvesting time. The highest fibre content was recorded at maturity stage. The total alkaloids content was significantly highest at 50% flowering stage followed by 100% flowering stage. Significantly lowest content was noticed at flower initiation stage. However, the yield of total alkaloids was significantly highest with 100% flowering stage over all the treatments. The total uptake of P, Fe, Cu were contributed for synthesis of total alkaloids in the Ashwagandha roots which ultimately results in to positive significant correlation.

6 tables, 9 ref

004387   Venkateshwarlu M (Botany Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, Email: drvenkat666@gmail.com) : In vitro shooting of cotyledon explants of Zizyphus mauritiana Lamk. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 31-3.

Predominant Zizyphus tree species can survive well in high temperature, slight frost and low rainfall. Their roots penetrate deeply in to ground water level and so they do not compete for water with the crop plants. In contrast, reduction in leaf CO₂ inforporation was noticed in crop plants subjected to soil water logging or anaerobic conditions (Ta and Ho, 2001). Tremendous pressure exerted by both man and animal, resulted in complete removal of superior germplasm or in some cases plant species have become threatened (Ramawat and Nadwani, 1991). The situation has become compounded by various inherent biological problems. One third of India's population is dependent on wood fuel for cooking their daily meals, which generates tremendous pressure on the scanty vegetation. Although we have modern technologies and fast developing industrial sector, gas and electricity are neither available nor affordable for this large section of the population.

2 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

004386   Velho-Pereira S;Kamat N M (Botany Dep, Goa Univ, Taleigao Plateau, Goa-403 206, Email: nandkamat@gmail.com) : Actinobacteriological research in India. Indian J expl Biol 2013, 51(8), 573-96.

Actinobacteria are important sources of compounds for drug discovery and have attracted considerable pharmaceutical, chemical, agricultural and industrial interests. Actinobacteriological research is still in its infancy in India. Early work on actinobacteria started in the 20th century and mostly focused on studying the diversity, identification and screening for antibiotics, enzymes and enzyme inhibitors. Exploration of diverse habitats for the isolation of actinobacteria, have yielded - till date 23 novel species. Screening of actinobacteria for antagonistic activity, has led to the discovery of four novel antibiotics. Research on enzymes mostly covered lipases, amylases, proteases, endoglucanases, α-galactosidases, pectin lyases, xylanases, L-asparaginases, L-glutaminase and cellulases. Research on exploiting actinobacteria for other purposes such as production of enzyme inhibitors, single cell protein, bioemulsifier and biosurfactants is still in the experimental stage. This review compiles the work done in last few years, with an emphasis on actinobacterial diversity and bioprospecting for pharmaceutically important compounds like antibiotics, enzymes and other important applications. The chemical creativity and biotechnological potential of Indian actinobacterial strains are yet to be fully explored. A national strategy is required consistent with the opportunities provided by CBD-Nagoya protocol.

^iia6 illus, 12 tables, 291 ref

004385   Suresh Kumara B;Puttaraju T B;Hongal S;Rakash K;Jainag K;Sudheesh N K (Horticulture Div, Agricultural Sciences Univ G.K.V.K., Bengaluru, Karnataka) : Heterosis studies in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) for yield and yield related attributes. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 199-204.

Experiment was carried out during 2008-09 at Vegetable section, Division of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra, Bangalore on heterosis studies in bitter gourd for yield and yield related attributes by using six lines and four testers in line x tester mating design. The parents Panurthy, Coimbatore Long and VRBT-100 were observed to be top performing parent for fruit yield per vine. The negative heterosis which was desirable for days to first male and female flower appearance, number of node at first female flower appears, days to first harvest, days to fifty per cent flowering, number of seeds per fruit, were common in most of the cross. Appreciable heterosis was recorded over better parent and standard parent for all the traits studied. The hybrids Coimbatore Long x Panurthy, VRBT-100 x Panurthy and Green Long x Panurthy were recorded to be three best performing F₁ hybrids for fruit yield per vine with an yield of 2.32, 2.19 and 2.06 kg and also these hybrids exhibited higher standard parent heterosis of 55.10, 46.90 and 37.65 per cent, respectively. These hybrids can be commercially exploited for higher yield.

2 tables, 6 ref

004384   Singh S;SIngh R (University School of Environment Management, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha Unieristy, 16-C Dwarka, New Delhi-110 078, Email: shweta_2oct@rediffmail.com) : Ethnomedicinal use of pteridophytes in reproduction health of tribal women of Pahmari biosphere reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India. Int J pharm Sci Res 2012, 3(12), 4780-90.

Describes the utilization of pteridophytes for the treatment of various gynecological and other related problems by the indigenous women of Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve in Madhya Pradesh. The present study reveals that 23 species of pteridophytes belonging to 15 families and 18 genera are traditionally used by tribal women of Korku, Gond, Bharia, Bhil, Mauria, Maria, Paria, Bhatara and Baigas communities in gynecological problems which contribute about 18.66% of total pteridophytic diversity (134 species) of the area.

72 ref

004383   Singh A L (Botany Dep, Banaras Hindu Univ, Varanasi-221 005) : Study of Ni uptake and its compartmentalization in Ni<. J envir Sci Engng 2012, 54(1), 104-6.

A Nir₂₀ and its analog Pdr₂₀ mutant strain was obtained from its Ni^s/Pd^s (nickel and palladium sensitive) strain of Nostoc muscorum. Nir₂₀ and Pdr₂₀mutant strain of Nostoc muscorum w as resistant to 20 μM Ni and Pd. Ni uptake was observed in Ni^s/Pd^s, Ni^s₂₀ and Pd^r₂₀ mutant strain of Nostoc muscorum by treating with 120 μM Ni saturating concentration. Ni uptake was two fold more in Ni^s₂₀ cells (31.0 nmol μg^-1 protein) than the Ni^s cells, however Pd^r₂₀ strain took less Ni (9.31 nmol μg^-1 protein). Phosphate uptake was also investigated to determine the poly phosphate synthesis. The cells of Ni^s/ Pd^s, Ni^r₂₀ and Pd^r₂₀ strain were treated for four hours in 2mM K₂HPO₄ exposure. Phosphate uptake in Ni^r₂₀ strain was 1.8 fold more over Ni^s₂₀/Pd^s₂₀, and was least in Pd^r₂₀ strain. Polyphosphate level was determined to better understand the Ni transport in Ni^s, Ni^r₂₀, Pd^r₂₀ strain. Poly p level was increased two fold in Ni^r strain and least in Pd^r strain followed by Ni^s strain. Results based on the Ni distribution pattern in Ni^s, Pd^r₂₀ are the evidence that poly p is the main metal sink.

1 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

004382   Sidhu A K;Amanpal Kaur;Rose H S (NO, High Altitude Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Saproon, Solan-173 211, Email: avtarkaur2000@gmail.com) : Life history and chaetotaxy of Brenthia luminifera Meyrick (Microlepidoptera:Choreutidae:Brenthinae). Envir Ecol 2012, 30(3B), 1005-10.

Vicoa vistita Wallace (Compositae) is recorded as the larval host plant of Brenthia luminifera Meyrick for the first time. The life cycle, behavior of various life history stages and the chaetotaxy of the last instar larva have been studied for the first time. Bham, Todarpur, Talwara (dist Hoshiarpur); Sekhupur, Panchhat (dist Kapurthala) in Shiwalik areas of Punjab, India, are its additional distribution locatilies.

2 illus, 6 ref

004381   Sharma Y P;Pramanick K K (NO, IARI Regional Station, Amartara Cottage, Shimla-171 004) : Utilization of plant genetic resources for the improvement of temperate fruit crops. Indian J Genet Pl Breed 2012, 72(2), 130-5.

Himalayas provide suitable ecological niches for the prevalence of large number of temperate fruit germplasm. Seven crab apples (Malus baccata) have been collected from the region and evaluated for horticultural traits. Crab apple from Shillong has been found to possess a high level of resistance against powdery mildew than M. zumi. Its performance as root stock and resistance to woolly aphid is much superior to standard clonal root stocks M9 and MM106. It is compatible with all commercial apple varieties and produces semi-vigorous tree suitable for high density plantation. Wild pear (Pyrus pashia var. Kumaonii) possesses desirable traits like good propagation potential and recommended for root stock in root rot infested areas. Wild kiwi fruit (Actinidia spp.) is small sized and non hairy type which could be utilized for the improvement of existing varieties. It can be used as desirable rootstock. The region also inhabits many Prunus species and indigenous edible temperate fruits, which could be exploited for commercial traits. An unique walnut has been collected which bear fruits both terminally and laterally and therefore, it could be utilized for high density planting.

3 illus, 3 tables, 18 ref

004380   Sharma R K (Botany Dep, G.G.M. Science College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir) : In vitro tuberization and plant regeneration in Bunium periscum Bioss. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 193-8.

Effect of plant growth regulators was investigated on microtuber induction and development in in vitro raised plant lets of Bunium persicum. Of the cytokinins and auxins when tested alone showed inhibitory effect on tuber formation. By contrast, the auxin IBA when used in combination with Kn showed the promotive effect on the induction and growth of the microtubers. Maximum number of plantlets with tuber were observed on a medium supplemented with 0.2 mgl^-1 Kn and 0.01 mgl^-1 IBA. Further maximum growth of microtubers on subculture was achieved on a medium supplemented with BAP and TIBA. When microtubers removed from cultures and planted in sterilized moist sand, sprouted (69%) after 8 weeks.

4 illus, 5 tables, 10 ref