004379   Satya P;Karan M;Sarkar D;Sinha M K;Mahapatra B S (NO, Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 120, Email: pscrijaf@gmail.com) : Morphological and molecular characterization of interspecific hybrids of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and false roselle (H. acetosella Welw. ex Hiern). Indian J Genet Pl Breed 2012, 72(2), 234-40.

Interspecific hybrids of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) and allotetraploid wild relative H. acetosella were produced in order to introgress desirable traits from wild to cultivated species. Hybrid seed was obtained using either species as pollen donor. The hybrid plants were of intermediate type, with similar morphological features. Molecular characterization using SSR and ISSR markers exhibited high diversity among hybrid plants and could clearly distinguish hybrids from parents. Both ISSR and SSR markers were efficient for hybrid identification and species discrimination. Mean resolving power of the ISSR primers was higher (0.44) compared to SSR markers (0.34), whereas SSR markers exhibited higher allele polymorphism. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis revealed that hybrids formed distinct groups and exhibited high genetic diversity.

4 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref

004378   Rashidi M;Deokule S S (Botany Dep, University of Pune, Pune-411 007, Email: rashidi_129@yahoo.com) : Natural occurrence of mycoflora and deterioration of total alkaloids and glycosides amounts in Stereospermum chelonoides DC. roots under storage. Int J pharm Sci Res 2013, 4(3), 1217-20.

In the study, total 15 fungal species isolated from roots of drug Stereospermum chelonoides DC. such as: Fusarium solani, F. lateritum, F. semitectum, F. oxysporum, Aspergillus ochraceus, A. niger, A. terreus, Theilavia terricola, Papulaspora immerse, Scytallidium thermophilum, Didymostilbe sp., Cunningamella elegans, Aphanomyces sp., Sordaria fimicola and Mucor praini. Species of Fusarium showed maximum percentage incidence. The root samples stored at different relative humidities 30, 50, 75, 96 and 100% RH. Quantitative estimation of alkaloids and glycosides in association with isolated fungi was done. Percentage incidence of storage fungi and the rate of deterioration of chemical constituents in the samples were noted at above 75% RH. Analysis of variance also showed the effect of relative humidity and incubation days on biodeterioration of these chemical constituents were significant at 5% level of significance.

3 tables, 10 ref

004377   Rana J C;Dutta M;Rathi R S (NO, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Shimla-171 004, Email: ranajc2003@yahoo.com) : Plant genetic resources of the Indian Himalayan region-an overview. Indian J Genet Pl Breed 2012, 72(2), 115-29.

Indian Himalayan region houses wide array of plant genetic resources due to its diverse climatic conditions. India's recognition as a 'mega-biodiversity' country derives partly from the Himalayas wherein out of 6000 endemic plant species, 2532 species occur. Major genera for which rich diversity exists are - Oryza, Avena, Amaranthus, Chenopodium, Fagopyrum, Allium, Hordeum, Linum, Saccarum, Citrus, Musa, Pyrus, Prunus, Rubus, Fragaria, Sorbus, Rosa,Lilium, Vicia, Lepidium, Lathyrus, Dioscorea, Orchids, Cucumis, Solanum, and Trichosanthes, Bamboos and Canes. These plant species and varieties have contributed significantly to food and environment security of the hill people. It also provides stability to the food production systems by minimising crop losses due to diseases, insect pests and weather odds. Besides, there are several wild relatives possess genes for various purposes and has lot of breeding value. Despite that, the most distressing situation is that many of these valuable genetic resources are eroding at very high rate. The crops, folk varieties and landraces of local importance adapted to specific micro-climatic niches are being replaced by a few high yielding varieties and cash crops. Nonetheless, appreciable amount of diversity has been collected and being conserved ex situ by different institutions particularly the NBPGR and NAGS. Nearly, 300 crop-specific and multi-crops exploration trips have been undertaken and more than 30,000 germplasm accessions of various agri-horticultural crops including some of their wild relative have been assembled from Himalayan region while around 6000 have been introduced from exotic sources.

2 tables, 77 ref

004376   Patel K A;Thakkar D;Acharya S;Gargi T;Sharma S C;Sheikh W;Kanbi V H (NO, Centre of Excellence for Research on Pulses, Plant Cell & Molecular Bi, Sardarkrushinagar-385 506, Gujarat, Email: kishan.btech@gmail.com) : Molecular characterization of bacterial leaf blight and galactomannan content using RAPD markers in clusterbean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub). Indian J Genet Pl Breed 2012, 72(2), 248-51.

^ssc4 illus, 3 tables, 11 ref

004375   Padmaja C K;Paulose J (Botany Dep, Avinashilingam Deemed Women Univ, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : Efficacy of water hyacinth as green manure on test crop, green gram. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 171-3.

In vitro investigation was carried out with water hyacinth (WH) as green manure in different concentrations to assess its efficiency on test crop, green gram. The statistical scrutiny of the results of the study revealed that among the five treatments (T₁- control, T₂-NPK standard check, T₃-70 mg WH, T₄-140 mg WH and T₅ 210 mg WH). T₅ treatment (210 mg-WH) was found to be efficient in enhancing the biometric parameters like plant height (from 35.23 to 83.93 cm), number of leaves/plant (from 11.33 to 23.33 cm), root volume (from 0.72 to 4.96 cm), root nodules/plant (increased from 10.33 to 35.33) nodule weight upto 50 days and declined to 18.33 at harvest),fresh and dry weight of plants (from 0.95 to 2.26g) and (from 0.14 to 0.27g), respctively over the control, T₁. The yield parameters like number of flowers/plant and pods/plant (from 10.33 to15.33 and from 11.33 to 16.67, respectively), length of pod (from 4.5 to 6.53 cm), pod weight (from 0.23 to 0.45g) and number of seeds/plant and hundred seed weight (from 8 to 10g and from 0.87 to 3.32 g, respectively) also showed a significant increase compared to absolute control, T₁. Thus, it may be deduced from the present investigation that the nuisance weed, water hyacinth, a source of high concentration of nutrients can be effectively utilized either as a fertilizer or as a green manure to enhance the growth and yield of crops.

2 tables, 6 ref

004374   Padmaja C K (Botany Dep, Avinashilingam Deemed Women Univ, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : Fungal succession during coir pith decomposition. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 205-6.

Laboratory study was conducted on the fungal succession in coir pith samples undergoing different degrees of decomposition at regular interval of 15 days from 0- 90 days. The results of the study revealed that coir pith samples: fresh (S₁) and decomposed to different degrees (S₂ - S₉) were initially invaded by primary saprophytic sugar loving fungal colonizers like Rhizopus sp., Mucor sp., Syncephalastrum sp. etc. As decomposition proceeded (30 - 60 days), the primary colonizers gave way for the colonization of secondary cellulose decomposers like Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., Chaetomium spp., Trichoderma spp., Cladosporium spp., Monascus sp., Verticillium sp., etc. In the last phase of decomposition (75 -90 days), wood rotting lignolytic basidiomycetes fungi like Agaricus sp., Pleurotus sp., Trametes sp., etc. emerged as dominant mycoflora.

8 ref

004373   Nisha M K;Padmaja C K (Botany Dep, Avinashilingam Deemed Women Univ, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : Efficacy of Aspergillus fumigatus in cellulase enzyme complex production with bagasse as substrate. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 185-8.

Concentration (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 per cent) of carbon sources on the 5th, 7th and 9th days of incubation exhibited by Aspergillus fumigatus in the presence of bagasse as substrate. Results of the study revealed that among the carbon sources the intracellular exoglucanase and β glucosidase activity were registered at a higher level of 1.913Uml^-1and 0.689 Uml^-1 in 0.4 per cent dextrose. The endoglucanase activity was found to be expressed maximally in 0.4 percent maltose (2.470Uml^-1) than the control. Extracellular exoglucanase and β -glucosidase were significantly recorded at maximum level of 2.057 Uml^-1 and 0.403 Uml^-1 in 0.4 per cent fructose as carbon source. The endoglucanase activity was very much pronounced (1.620Uml^-1) in 0.4 per cent dextrose when compared to the control.

3 tables, 10 ref

004372   Nagajjanavari K;Gajendra T H;Yadachi S; Vikramsimha H V;Mahawar M (Dairy Engineering Dep, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132 114, Email: kirannagajjanavar@gmail.com) : Effect of product free volume ratios on respiration rate of jasmine (Jasminum sambac) flowers. Envir Ecol 2012, 30(3B), 881-3.

Experiment was carried out to study the effect of product free volume ratios on the respiration rate of jasmine (Jasminum sambac) flowers under different storage condition. Jasmine flowers were selected for the study, based on their growing export demand. Known quantities (25, 50 and 100g) of flowers were kept in the closed system under air tight condition in the PET container containing ambient air as the initial atmosphere. Then respiration rate of the flowers was measured with respect to different time and temperature conditions. (Ambient conditions 25-27 C and refrigerated 6-8 C conditions). From respiration studies it was concluded that as the product free volume ratio decreases the rate of O₂ consumption was accelerated and respiraton rate of the jasmine flowers stored under ambient condition was recorded 0.31 to 0.35 m³kg-h for O₂ and 0.026 to 0.29 m³kg-h for CO₂ and under refrigerated condition 0.022 to 0.029 m³/kg-h for O₂ and 0.016 to 0.26 m³/kg-h for CO₂ with irrespective of product free volume, Respiration rate of the flowers under ambient condition was greater than the flowers stored under refrigeration condition due to the slow metabolic activities.

2 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

004371   Mehta P K;Jain B K (NO, P.S. Science and H.D. Patel Arts College, Kadi, Mehsana, Gujarat) : Floristic study of sacred groves of Poshina forest range of Sabarkantha district, North Gujarat. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 137-40.

India is well known for worship of nature. From time immoral in India, religion and cultural practices are closely linked with forests, and this helps in conservation of biodiversity. Some patches of forest are left untouched because of religious fencing by local people. These types of forest patches are regarded as sacred groves. The plant species grow near or in sacred grove are considered to be sacred. In this paper, total 28 sacred groves which cover approximately 1.8 hectares area were observed in Poshina forest range. A total 39 plant species belonging to 32 genera of 25 families were recorded.

2 tables, 6 ref

004370   Mahawar M K;Jalgaonkar K;Nagajjanavara K (Agricultural Engineering Div, IARI, New Delhi-110 012, Email: manojmahawar362@gmail.com) : Determination of dehydration characteristics of goat weed (Ageratum conyzoides). Envir Ecol 2012, 30(3B), 852-5.

Goat weed is an annual plant whose leaves and tender stalks are widely used for medicinal purpose. In the present study pretreatment was carried out by dipping goat weed in distilled water at 100 C for 30 seconds. Then the leaves were placed over wire mesh screens to drain out excess water and dried at temperature 45-70 C. Total drying time considerably reduced with the increase in drying air temperature from 50-70 C. The drying rate increased with increase in temperature. Pretreatment had insignificant role on the drying rate.

3 illus, 3 tables, 3 ref

004369   Madhavi Rajurkar;Kamdi S R;Wadhai V S (Agricultural Botanty Dep, Anand Niketan College of Agriculture, Anandwan, Warora, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, Email: sandeepkamdi@rediffmail.com) : In vitro shoot induction and callus induction of a medicinal tree Oroxylum indicum (Tattu) through tissue culture. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 45-8.

In vitro shoot induction and callus induction of Oroxylum indicum (Tattu) was carried out by using apical and axillary bud and leaf midrib explants. A simple and reliable protocol was developed through apical and axillary bud and leaf midrib explants of Oroxylum indicum for multiple shoot induction and callus induction. Among the different types of growth regulators used for culture establishment BAP and 2, 4-D exhibited the best response for inducing multiple shoots and callus, respectively. Axillary bud showed significantly high shoot multiplication on MS medium with 2Mg/l BAP whereas leaf midrib explant was found to be more effective on MS medium with 4 Mg/l 2,4-D for callus induction.

3 illus, 3 tables, 17 ref

004368   Kapoor B B S;Kamal Kishor (Herbal Research Laboratory, Dunger College, Bikaner, Email: bbskapoor@rediffmail.com) : Phytochemical studies on some ethnomedicinal plants of Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. Int J latest Technol Mgmt appl Sci 2013, 2(4), 43-55.

83 ref

004367   Jayashree I;Rajeswari M;Kalaichelvi K (P.G. and Research Botany Dep, Vellalar College for Women, Erode, Tamil Nadu) : Assessment of the impact of dye effluent and the ameliorative potential of waterhyacinth and vermicompost on plant growth and microbial status of the soil. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 174-7.

Present study was carried out to assess the impact of dye effluent (raw effluent, biologically treated effluent and effluent treated in dye factory by chemical process) and the ameliorative potential of vermicompost on plant growth of Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper and biological properties of the soil. Diluted effluent, biologically treated effluent and factory treated effluent enhanced plant growth and favoured microbial growth. Amendment of the soil with vermicompost also enhanced the growth of the plant. However, higher concentrations of the raw effluent were deleterious to the plant. Therefore, the dye effluent can be used for irrigation purpose only after proper dilution.

1 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

004366   Gohil T G;Thakor A B (Biology Dep, B.K.M. Science College, Valsad, Gujarat) : Observation of branching in Phoenix sylvestris (L.) Roxb.. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 226.

During the course of Normal Natural field trips near the costal line of Tithal coastal area, good number of plants of Arecaceae (Palmaceae) were observed. Out of twenty five plants only one plant differed in morphological feature where after a height of 20 feet the trunk has been divided in to two branches.

^ssc1 illus, 3 ref

004365   Dhingra R G K;Gupta R K;Gaur U D;Rather M A (Botany Dep, R.C.U. Govt. P.G. College, Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand, Email: mailmerdas@rediffmail.com) : Male meiotic investigation in Zanthoxylum armatum Roxb.. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 107-12.

One of the genus of Zanthoxylum i.e. Z. armatum Roxb. is a plant highly used for medicinal as well as religious purposes by the Hindus in Northern India. The other species found are Z. planispinum, Z. alatum subtrifoliolatum etc. Zanthoxylum is also known as winged prickly ash, tejbal, timroo and Nepali dhania. The plant is found in the hot valleys of Himalaya from 600 to 1800 m. In the present work the genera was explored for detailed male meiotic analysis. The male flowering material was collected from the Kotbanglow, Uttarkashi. The material was fixed in Carnoy's fluid II (6 absolute alcohol: 3 Chloroform: 1 Glacial acetic acid). The smearing and squashing was done in 1% aceto-orcein. The genus was explored cytogenetically using parameters like chromosome configuration at metaphase I/diakinesis, chiasmata/chromosome frequency, number of spores/tetrad, pollen size and pollen sterility. The number of bivalents were observed to be 33 (2n = 66). High amount of asynchrony (stages from metaphase I to telophase II) was observed within the same anther. The chiasmata/cell and chiasmata/chromosome were observed to be 61.2% and 0.93%, respectively. Meiotic anomaly like retarded movement of chromosomes and chromatids were also observed in about 10% PMCs (Pollen mother cells). The spore arrangement was found to be tetrahedral (four spores per PMCs), monads (single spore per PMCs), dyads (two spores per PMCs), heptads (seven spores per PMCs) and polyads (more then seven spores per PMCs). The mean number of pollen per anther was found to be varied from 1200-3200. The mean pollen diameter was found in a range of 10 -16 æm and the pollen sterility was found to be 13%.

12 illus, 4 tables, 12 ref

004364   Dhanalakshmi R;Umamaheswari S;Sugandhi P; Arvind Prasanth D (Medical Microbiology Unit, Microbiology Dep, Periyar University, Salem-636 011, Email: medicalmicro2012@gmail.com) : Biodiversity of the endophytic fungi isolated from Moringa oleifera of Yercaud hills. Int J pharm Sci Res 2013, 4(3), 1064-68.

Endophytic fungi residing inside the medicinal plants are of gaining importance for their bioactive compounds. This study is undertaken to isolate and identify the potential endophytic fungi from Moringa oleifera, a traditional medicinal plant. A total of 24 segments each 12 from leaf and stem were collected, surface sterilized and was inoculated on to Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) plates. Based on the macroscopic & microscopic features the fungal isolates were identified as Alternaria spp., Aspergillus spp. Bipolaris spp., Exosphiala spp., Nigrospora spp., and Penicillium spp. Many unidentified sterile mycelia forms were also found which were grouped under the class mycelial sterilia. The Colonization Frequency (CF) and Endophytic Infection Rate (EIR) were observed as 91.66% and 45.83% respectively. The results of this study suggest that traditional medicinal plants are a rich and reliable source of novel endophytic fungi. Further studies are required with regard to the screening of these endophytic fungi for the production of novel bioactive compounds which are medically important in the treatment of diseases.

5 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

004363   Das D;Nath P C;Medhi H;Sarma G C (Botany Dep, Gargaon College, Simaluguri, Sivasagar, Assam, Email: dimbeshwar@rediffmail.com) : Survey of macrophytic flora growing on ancient monuments of Sivasagar district, Assam. Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 154-60.

Sivasagar, one of the Assam's oldest cities, was once regime of Ahoms for approximately six centuries. The present paper deals with the growth of macrophytes on the ancient monuments of Sivasagar, District Assam. A total of 66 species had been collected out of which 57 (of 23 families) are angiosperms (46 dicot and 11 monocot); 7 (of 6 families) pteridophytes and 2 species are bryophytes. the highest number of species was collected from Fakuwa Dol (53) and Golakghar, Gargaon (43), respectively. The Shannon diversity and equitability or evenness at Fakuwa dol or Jaymoti dol is 2.04 and 1.18 followed by Golak ghar which is about 1.5 and 0.92, respectively and is less at the Ranghar and is about 0.45 and 0.06, respectively. These monuments should be conserved or renovated because of its design and craftmanship, which show a past architectural style.

1 illus, 3 tables, 21 ref

004362   Archana Rani;Harsh Kumar (Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Dep, FBS and H, Regional Agricultural Univ, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar) : Callus formation from different explants of Chlorophytum borivilianum (safed musli). Int J Pl Sci 2011, 6(1), 16-18.

Stem disc, shoot bud, root disc and seed of Chlorophytum borivilianum Santapaw and Fernandes (Safed Musli) were cultured on different MS basal media having different concentrations and combinations of auxins (IAA, NAA and IBA) and cytokinins (BAP and KIN). The different cultured explants showed variation in establishment of swelling and callus formation. Besides explants, these responses were also found to be media dependent. The formed calli were largely friable and of yellow green colour suggesting their undifferentiated nature and indicating the possibility of induction of somaclonal variations. Further, shoot differentiation was also observed from different explants. The work showed the possibility of the use of somaclonal variation in the improvement of this important medicinal plant.

1 table, 12 ref

003463   Tiwari K L;Saluja P K (SOS in Biotechnology, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur-492 010) : Ecological studies of Aeromycoflora over Catharanthus roseus Linn. Indian J appl pure Biol 2012, 27(1), 59-64.

Aeromycological investigation was conducted over Catharanthus roseus field at Raipur (C.G.) during Nov. 2002 to Oct. 2003, to find out the percentage frequency and abundance of aeromycoflora, with the help of gravity Petriplates method. During present investigation Aspergillus niger (100%), A. nidulans (91.66%) and Curvularia lunata (75%), shows maximum percentage frequency while Alternaria cheiranthi, Aspergillus chevilieri, Cunnighamella echinulata, Fusarium oxysporum, Paecilomyces varioti, Penicillum herquei, P. rubrum, Phoma humicola, Syncephalastrum racemosum, Torula sp. and brown sterile mycelium (8.33%) with minimum frequency. It has been also observed that Cladosporium cladosporioides (24.36%) was most abundant fungi while least abundant species were Aspergillus chevalieri and Penicillium herquei (0.05%). Maximum abundance class was Zygomycotina recorded in rainy season, Ascomycotina in summer and Deuteromycotina were recorded in winter season. Similarly minimum percentage abundance of class Zygomycotina and Ascomycotina were recorded during winter season while Deuteromycotina in rainy season.

7 illus, 3 tables, 18 ref

003462   Sunilkumar T;Antony V T (Research and Development Centre, Bharatiar University, Coimbatore, Email: muhammasunilkumar@rediffmail.com) : Clerodendrum cordatum D. Don (verbenaceae) - an addition to flowering plants of Kerala. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 46-8.

Clerodendrum cordatum D. Don is a new report from Kerala. Authors collected it from Sultana Battery of Wayanadu district, Kerala State.

2 illus, 4 ref

003461   Soman G S;Dabhade G T (Botany Dep, Maharshi Dayanand College, Parel, Mumbai-400 012) : Species diversity of epiphytic moss Sterophyllum from Kodaikanal. Indian J appl pure Biol 2012, 27(1), 109-13.

Studies on mosses of south India were initiated by Brotherus1. Thereafter Bruhl had made a census of Indian mosses. Foreau had made extensive work on the moss flora of Palani Hills. The present paper indicates attempt of reinvestigation of mosses of Kodaikanal where large numbers of species of the Genera viz. Fissidens Hedw; Bryum Hedw; Sterophyllum Mitt, Entodon C. Muell; etc were observed. Present paper deals with the species of epiphytic moss Sterophyllum Mitt, reinvestigated at Kodaikanal of Palani Hills.

22 illus, 8 ref

003460   Sinha B K;Dey S;Sarma J;Deori C (Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, , Shillong-793 003) : On a collection of Indofevillea khasiana Chatterjee - a very rare species from Borajan Wildlife Sanctuary, Tinsukia, Assam. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 62-3.

Indofevillea khasiana Chatterjee (Cucurbitaceae) reported from Borajan Wildlife Sanctuary. Tinsukia, Assam is a very rare species which has been recollected after more than 50 years from a different locality of Assam. The same has been described with photo plates,

6 ref

003459   Singh M R;Gupta S (Life Sciences Dep, Manipur University, Canchipur-795 003, Email: anjalika_22000@yahoo.co.in) : Inventory of wetland plant diversity from Manipur with emphasis on species utilization spectrum. Pollut Res 2010, 29(1), 15-21.

Provides an insight into the wetland plant resources from Imphal valley of Manipur (Latitude 23.80° N to 25.68° N and Longitude 93.03° E to 94.78° E) with their utility spectrum. A note is also provided about the habitat characteristics and diversity of vegetation from the eight studied sites. The inventory enlists 103 species belonging to 36 families out of which Poaceae is most dominant family. Exclusively 45 food species, 28 fodder species, 6 plants as fuel, 34 medicinal and several multipurpose species have been reported. Richness index (R₁ viz. Margalef's index) vary from 3.46-8, (R₂ i.e. Menhinick index) vary from 0.71-1.71, Simpson index (l) vary from 0.05-0.55, Shannon index (H) vary from 1.33-2.73, Equitability index for abundant species (E) vary from 1.19-6.6 and Equitability index for vary abundant species (E') vary from 1.58-3.8. Physico chemical parameter recorded from eight (8) study sites were: Chloride- 20-71 mg/L, Mg- 7-34 mg/L, Ca- 4-30 mg/L, Total hardness- 80-176 mg/L, Free CO₂-1-6 mg/L, DO- 5-13.2 mg/L, pH- 6-7.5 and Temp. (°C) 20-29.

2 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref

003458   Singh J (Deen Dayal Upadhyay Government P.G. College, , Saidabad) : Ethnobotanical regulation of epilepsy by the tribals of Sonbhadra district, Uttar Pradesh, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 69-72.

Epilepsy affects 50 million people worldwide. It affects an estimated 7 million people in India. The present investigation reveals the ethnomedicinal informations collected from the tribal of Sonbhadra district, Uttar Pradesh which are claimed to regulate epilepsy. Some of the important medicinal plants which are used to regulate epilepsy are Argemone mexicana L, Tinospora cordifolia

27 ref

003457   Singh A K;Sahu R K (Botany Dep, Udai Pratap Autonomous College, Varanasi-221 002, Email: aJawpcollege@gmail.com) : Seedling morphology of some rainy season weeds of Varanasi district. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 16-23.

The juvenile morphology of some rainy season weeds viz. Desmodium triflorum, Gomphrena celosioides, Ipomoea pes-tigridis, Malvastrum coromandelianum, Parthenium hysterophorus, Phyllanthus fraturnus, Trianthema portulacastrum and Xanthium indicum are examined on the basis of materials from crop fields of Varanasi district (25°18' N lat. & 83°01' E long.), Uttar Pradesh, India. Full morphological description of 8 weed seedlings belonging to 8 different genera and 7 different families is provided with diagrams. The results of the present study seem to be useful in identification of weeds at their juvenile stage. Seedlings of 8 weeds can be distinguished from each other chiefly on the basis of collet (Desmodium triflorum, Ipomoea pes-tigridis, Malvastrum coromandelianum, Parthenium hysterophorus, Phyllanthus fraturnus, and Xanthium indicum); paracotyledon venation (Ipomoea pes-tigridis, Parthenium hysterophorus, and Phyllanthus fraturnus); and presence/ absence of stipule (Gomphrena celosioides, Parthenium hysterophorus, Phyllanthus fraturnus and Trianthema portulacastrum).

1 illus, 8 ref

003456   Sikarwar R L S (Arogyadham, Deendayal Research Institute, Chitrakoot, Dist. Patna-485 331, Email: rlssikarwar@rediffmail.com) : Ethnobotanical uses of Prosopis chineraria (L.) Druce in Morena district of Madhya Pradesh. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 8-11.

An ethnobotanical study on Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce (Mimosaceae) was carried out by the author in Morena district of Madhya Pradesh, which is an adjacent district of Rajasthan. The vegetation of the district is thorny and scrubby. Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce is used by local people for various purposes, such as food, fodder, medicine, construction, worship, fuel wood, and religious ceremonies etc. The recorded uses are described.

1 illus, 12 ref

003455   Shukla U K;Adesh Kumar;Kundan Kumar;Suresh Kumar;Ramesh Chand;Satendra Kumar (Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Dep, N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad-224 229, Email: Adesh.kumar88@yahoo.com) : Qualitative assessment of Pseudomonas isolates associated with wheat rhizosphere for phosphate solubilizing activity and salt tolerance. J Pl Dev Sci 2013, 5(3), 337-9.

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are known to influence plant growth by various direct or indirect mechanisms. The plant growth promoting attributes viz. production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins, siderophore, and phosphorus solubilization etc. ability of the rhizobacteria are the most common. The Phosphorus Solubilizing bacteria are used as plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). In search of phosphorus solubilizing Pseudomonas associated with wheat plants grown in various locations of Uttar Pradesh, we have isolated a total of sixteen strains on the kings, B medium and identified as Pseudomonas spp. Phosphorus solubilizing capabilities as demonstrated by the formation of clearing zone on the pikovaskya medium. Out of 16 Pseudomonas strains, only 9strains were found able to solubilize phosphorus. All the Pseudomonas strains were screened for salt tolerance. Most of the Pseudomonas strains shown tolerance up to 8% NaCl concentration. Only 3 Pseudomonas strains were able to grow even at 10% NaCl concentration.

^ssc2 tables, 15 ref

003454   Shrivastava N K (Botany Dep, Pt. S.N.S. Govt. P.G. College, Shahdol-484 001, Email: neerajku.srivastava17@gmail.com) : Plants used in digestive disorders by the Baiga tribes of Umaria District (M.P.). Indian J appl pure Biol 2012, 27(1), 101-3.

The study was conducted with 18 medicinal plants used for digestive disorders by Baiga tubes of Umaria district. The Umaria district has a rich source of medicinal plants. The large population of Baiga tribes uses various plants for health care and other purpose.

8 ref

003453   Shrivastava N K (Botany Dep, Pt. S.N.S. Govt. P.G. College, Shhhdol-4840 001, Email: neerajku.srivasta17@gmail.com ) : Observations on certain plants used as a source of medicine by the tribals of Panna District (M.P.) India. Indian J appl pure Biol 2012, 27(1), 79-81.

The present paper deals with 15 medicinal plants used for different diseases in Panna district. The district has a rich source of medicinal plants and is inhabited by large population of tribals and backward classes of people viz. Gond, Kol, Sonre, Bhumia, etc. who use various plants parts extensively for healthcare and other purposes.

8 ref

003452   Shimplae V B (Botany Dep, The New College, Kolhapur-416 012, Email: Shimpale@yahoo.com) : Ipomoea parasitica (Kunth) H. Don - a new record for flora of Maharashtra. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 52-3.

During revisionary studies on genus Ipomoea L. from India, some interesting specimens of genus Ipomoea L. were collected from different localities of Maharashtra. After critical laboratory studies and survey of relevant literature, they are identified as Ipomoea parasitica (Kunth) G. Don, which form a new record for flora of Maharashtra State. As this is addition to the flora of Maharashtra State, description and notes have been provided in the present communication.

8 ref

003451   Sharma P;Patil D;Patil A (Botany-Herbal Sciences Dep, Birla College, Kalyan-421 304, Email: priyanka.s1909@gmail.com) : Crataeva tapia Linn. - an important medicinal plant: a review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties. Int J pharm Sci Res 2013, 4(2), 582-9.

Medicinal plants, since times immemorial, have been used in virtually all cultures as a source of medicine. Interest in herbal drugs is growing due to their efficiency, low toxicity and absence/minimal side effects. Crataeva tapia L. (Family-Capparaceae) is a branched tree, commonly called as `Varuna'. The plant has been reported to possess several medicinal uses which include anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-arthritic, anti-fertility, anti-mycotic, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-diarrhoeal, wound healing, anti-helminthic, urolithic property, nephrolithic, hepatoprotective and cardio protective. Given the importance of the tree the present review illustrates the medicinal uses of the plant along with its pharmacognostic characteristics, phytochemistry, pharmacological actions and commercial uses. The innumerable medicinal properties and pharmacological studies establish a scientific basis for therapeutic use of this plant.

57 ref

003450   Shantha T R;Venkateshwarlu G;Saraswathi P; Shiddhamallayya N;Kishore K R;Sridhar B N (NO, National Ayurveda Dietetics Research Institute, Bangalore-560 011, Email: nadribengaluru1@gmail.com) : Pharmacognostic and physico-chemical evaluation on the leaves of Sesbania grandiflora (L. Poir. and Sesbania sesban (L.) Merrill - a comparative study. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 102-11.

The study includes the comparative pharmacognostic and preliminary physico chemical studies on Sesbania grandiflora (Agathi) and Sesbania sesban (Jayanthi). The studies revealed some of the diagnostic characters to mention, like absence of prominent continuous two-layered palisade parenchyma below the upper epidermal layer, 1 to 4-layered angular collenchymatous tissue near the vascular bundle towards the lower region in the leaflet of Agathi. S. grandiflora was more mucilaginous than S. sesban. Physico-chemical and fluorescence studies showed differential emission. Thin Layer chromatography and phytochemical studies showed certain common constituents like saponins and phytosteroids in both the drugs. These differences will be helpful in the proper identification of the two species and also in establishing the Pharmacopoeial standards for the two drugs Sesbania grandiflora and Sesbania sesban.

14 illus, 3 tables, 14 ref

003449   Sathe S S;Lavate R A;Shimpale V B (Botany Dep, Padmabhushan Dr. Vasantradada Patil Mahavidyalaya, Tasgaon-416 312, Email: shimpale@yahoo.com) : Studies on floristic diversity of three sacred groves from arid region of Sangli district (Maharashtra). J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 90-101.

During present investigation the comparative studies on floristic diversity of three sacrod groves, viz. Arewadi, Banali and Raiwadi from arid zone of Sangali district of Maharashtra State is carried out. It is observed that the floristic diversity of sacred groves from arid region of Sangli district shows great diversity with 264 angiosperm plant species belonging to 67 families. Members of dicotyledons dominate over monocotyledons. Trees dominate and followed by shrube and herbs. The grass flora is very typical adds aesthetic value to these areas.

4 tables, 14 ref

003448   Saren A M;Baske P K;Halder A C (Central Botanical Laboratory, Botanical Survey of lndia, , P.O. Botanic Garden, Howrah-711 103) : Observation on ethnobotany of Ujjalpur forest range, Sundargarh Sadar division, Sundargarh district, Orissa. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 1-7.

Study of ethnobotanical uses are given.onomic importance of 61 plants belonging to 37 families and 55 genera of Ujjalpur forest Range, Sundargarh forest Division, Sundargarh district of Orissa. Different plants, available in the locality, used by tribals like Kondh, Santals, Munda, Oraon etc are summarized. The scientific names, local names, plants parts used and their

5 ref

003447   Sanjib Kumar;Varma S K (NO, B.S.S. College, Supaul-852 131, Email: drsanjibktr@gmail.com) : Alien medicinal plant. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 86-9.

The taxon Vernonia amygdalina Del. (Asteraceae) so far known from Sub-Saharan Africa (Angola, Burundi, Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe etc.) is reported as a new record for India from Eastern Bihar. A detailed description, illustration and relevant notes are provided here for easy identification. It is interesting to note that this plant possesses several important medicinal properties. Local people and herbal practitioners are utilizing the leaves of this plant for controlling diabetes mainly. It is also used as a blood purifier and curing cough, fever and parasitic infections and against malarial, hepatic and liver troubles. Powdered roots and twigs are also used after food as appetizer.

4 illus, 8 ref

003446   Rathi B K;Anju Kumar;Sudhir Kumar (Botany Dep, J.V. College, Baraut, Bagphat) : Response of Rhizobium leguminosarum inoculation with sulphur and micronutrients on growth characteristics of blackgram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper). J Pl Dev Sci 2013, 5(3), 297-300.

Field trial was conducted during the kharif season of 2002 and 2003 at the research farm of J.V. College, Baraut, to find out the role of Rhizobium with sulphur and micronutrients viz. Zn, Mo and B on the cultivar PU-19 and PDU- 1 of blackgram. Application of Rhizobium along with S @ 60 kg/ha, Zn @ 4 kg/ha, B @ 0.6 kg/ha and Mo @ 0.1 kg/ha significantly increased the growth characteristics in both the cultivar of blackgram. Plant height, number of branches, vi number of leaves and leaf area increased to a great extent by the application of Rhizobium along with sulphur and micronutrients.

4 tables, 6 ref

003445   Rajasekhar E;Jeevan Kumar R;Subhan C M; Panduranga P;Krishnamurthy T (Molecular Biology Lab, Physics Dep, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur-515 003, Email: rajasekhar@gmail.com) : Effect of electromagnetic field on germination of groundnut seeds (Arachis hypogaea L). South Asian J expl Biol 2012, 2(2), 73-8.

Work is about the influence of Electromagnetic field [EMF] treatment on the improvement of groundnut seeds (Arachis hypogaea L) germination. The treatment consisted of different electromagnetic field strengths 2, 4, 7 and 10 milli Tesla [mT] in different exposure times 10, 20, 30 and 40 min. In every measurement, the relative humidity and room temperature were recorded. The germination [G] of seed in terms of percentage [% ], the stems length [SL] and roots length [RL] in millimeter [mm] at 6th day and 12th day after experiment, and the total weight [TW] in milligram at 12th day have been measured. Best results have been obtained for variants with exposure time of 30 min and field strength of 7 mT at south pole. Result obtained in the present investigation revealed that the energy absorbed by molecules was high at lower output strength and shorter exposure time improved biological functions, stimulation effect could be achieved.

003444   Rajan S (Survey of Medicinal Plants & Collection Unit, Central Council for Research in Homeopathy, AYUSH Dep, Ministry of Hea, Indira Nagar, Emerald - 643209, The Nilgiris, Email: sraian68rediffmail.com) : Exotic edible fruits and nuts yeilding plants and their medicinal values of Nilgiri hills, Tamil Nadu, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 188-215.

During the course of study of exotic fruit and nut yielding plant of Nilgiri, the author recorded 107 species of both cultivated as well as wild plants, belonging 74 genera distributed among 45 families. Correct botanical name and their synonyms, common names in English and Hindi are given along with short description and distribution for easy identification. In addition, medicinal uses are also given for a particular species based on the available literature.

17 ref

003443   Qair M;Khan F;khan S S (Botany Dep, Government Science & Commerce College, Benazeer Bhopal-462 013) : Effect of pre-treatment on the germination of Abrus precatorius Linn. by soaking in water. Indian J appl pure Biol 2012, 27(1), 105-08.

Investigation, seeds of Abrus precatorius were subjected to pre-treatment by soaking in water to achieve early germination by breaking dormancy. It was found that, on 7th day 20% germination was achieved in the case of seeds kept as control, whereas it was 60%, 60%, 90%, 50%, 50% and 30% respectively in the seeds soaked in water for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hours. Thus the best exposure time for seeds to be soaked in water was 6 hours. However at extended soaking periods the germination percentage was poor.

1 table, 15 ref

003442   Purohit C S;Sharma S C (NO, Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur-342 005) : Check list of grasses of North-West Rajasthan. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 166-76.

Deals with 148 species, belonging to 62 genera under Poaceae. Six species and one grass varie are addition for Rajasthan flora. The maximum num r of species has been found to occur in Sriganganager, whereas minimum occur in Nagaur. The list is enumerated alphabetically with local name, flowering & fruiting, specimen examined and ecological notes.

18 ref

003441   Pramod C;Pradeep A K (Botany dep, Govt. Brennen College, Darmadam, Thalassery, Kerala-670 106, Email: cpramod4@gmail.com) : Isachne veldkampii Bhat & Nagendran (Poaceae) - a new record for Kerala, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 59-61.

Isachne veldkampii Bhat & Nagendran hitherto known only from the type locality in Karnataka State is now reported from Kerala. The species is described and illustrated with a note on its ecology.

1 illus, 4 ref

003440   Pillai L S;Nair B R (Botany Dep, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram-695 581, Email: abrus09@yahoo.co.in) : Radial scavenging potential of Cleome viscosa L. and Cleome burmanni W. & A. (Cleomaceae). Int J pharm Sci Res 2013, 4(2), 698-705.

Study evaluates the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and in vitro antioxidant activities of two species of Cleome, C. viscosa and C. burmanni. The antioxidant potential of the methanol extracts of species of Cleome was tested using different assays such as FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl, superoxide, nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide. The extracts gave positive results for all the assays and the radical scavenging ability was detected to be comparable to those of the corresponding standards. Quantitative estimation of antioxidant phytochemicals, such as phenols, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins were also done in both species of Cleome. The results revealed that the phytochemicals content was greater in C. viscosa when compared to C. burmanni.

34 ref

003439   Perumal K;Moorthy T S;Ponsugumari P; Malleswari R B;Karthik B;Krishna K V;Ananthi S;Arun Kumar J (NO, Shri AMM Murugappa Chettiar Research Centre, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, Email: energy@mcrc.murugappa.org) : Electrochemical, mineral and microbiological studies of soil samples collected from three different altitudinal climatic zones in Tamil Nadu. South Asian J expl Biol 2012, 2(2), 38-43.

Seventy five surface (10-15 cm) soil samples from three different altitudinal climatic zones viz., Kodaikanal (temp 9-13°C, altitudinal height 2133 m, black soil), Valparai (temp 15-22°C, altitudinal height 1700 m, clay loam soil) and Sethumadai (temp 27-33°C, altitudinal height 100 m, red sandy soil) of Tamil Nadu were collected and analyzed for their pH, Electron Conductivity (EC), Organic Carbon (OC%), Humus, macro and micronutrients. Soil enzyme activities such as protease, alkaline phosphatase, cellulase, invertase, soil microbial enumeration such as total bacterial count, fungi, rhizobium and actinomycetes were also determined by following standard procedures. The soil was acidic and high content of OC (2.12%), humus (396 mg Kg^-1), N (474.1±30 mg Kg^-1), P (52.92°6 mg Kg^-1), K (163.7°20 mg Kg^-1), Ca (545.2±25 mg Kg^-1), S (25.35±13 mg Kg^-1), B (0.95±2 mg Kg^-1), Cu (2.38±0.9 mg Kg^-1), Fe (32.54±14 mg Kg^-1), Mn (9.44±7 mg Kg-1) and Zn (3.58±1 mg Kg^-1) were recorded in soil samples collected from Kodaikanal. Most of the soil samples collected from Kodaikanal recorded maximum macro and micronutrients except Na (79.81±10 mg Kg^-1) and Mg (124.81±20 mg Kg^-1) when compared with Valparai and Sethumadai. Soil enzyme activity and microbial count were also high in soil samples collected from Kodaikanal followed by Valparai and Sethumadai, whereas actinomycetes (4±1 CFU x 10^-6 g-1) count was high in Sethumadai of lower altitude. The study revealed that the activity of soil microbial population was high at higher altitude due to the presence of high content OC (2.82%) and quick decomposition of organic matter. The quality of soil was subjected to circular paper chromatographic analysis and it revealed difference in colour, pattern and the number of spikes were the indicators of soil fertility.

003438   Patil B Y;Chavre B W (Botany Dep, Shikshan Maharshi Dnyandeo Mohekar Mahavidyalaya, , Email: Kallam Dist. Osmanabad-413 507) : (NULL). Indian J appl pure Biol 2012, 27(1), 65-9.

The indoor air quality is an important factor responsible for the health of human being. The present paper deals with the survey of the air microflora of dwelling houses at Kallam tehsil of Osmanabad District. The analysis of the data of the air-spora revealed the presence of 58 fungal spore types, among these Cladosporium contributed 36.80% followed by Hyphal fragment (7.10%) Alternaria (6.40%), Curvularia (6.00%), Periconia (5.80%). Parthenium pollen and insect parts also contributed in significant proportions. Among the 58 fungal types caught from the air-spora, more than 15 types were known to be potentially allergenic and all are predominated at all the dwelling houses. The biopollutants have been found to be highest in the month of October. This preliminary study clearly demonstrates the utility of surveying aerollergens occurring in the houses of the allergenic patients, and would facilitate the medical practioners in the diagnosis and treatment of allergenic patients.

2 tables, 20 ref

003437   Pal M (Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, , Howrah-711103, Email: mahuapal3@rediffmail.com) : Extended distribution of Argyreia cymosa (Roxb.) sweet (Convolvulaceae) in West Bengal. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 49-51.

Argyreia cymosa (Roxb.) Sweet (Convolvulaceae) is first time reported from West Bengal. A brief escription, illustration and other relevant notes are provided.

1 illus, 14 ref

003436   Nadeem M;Khan S;Akmal M;Mauji Ram;Qurainy F A;Abdin M Z (Botany and Microbiology Dep, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, KSA, Email: mohammad-nadeem911@hotmail.com ) : Genetic diversity and podophyllotoxin analysis of Podophyllum hexandrum from Indian central Himalaya. South Asian J expl Biol 2012, 2(2), 51-6.

Genetic diversity among and within 10 populations of Podophyllum hexandrum was analyzed for precise assessments of genetic structure for conservation planning of wild Indian May apple (Podophyllum hexandrum) in the Central region of Himalayas. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) studies revealed variability among and within population. Twenty primer sets were evaluated, 18 primers resulted in low and poor polymorphism, where as two gave better results which were counted for final analysis. Found a higher podophyllotoxin levels among the populations. However, the existing variation in podophyllotoxin content among the populations may be due to geographical location, altitude and habitat. It was difficult to ascertain these variations as genetic variations. Whereas morphological variations may have impact on podophyllotoxin content detected in different populations of P. hexandrum. Recommends that any further cultivation of this species require optimization of environmental factors in order to increase the rate of production of podophyllotoxin from any collected population.

003435   Maliya S D (NO, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) : Aquatic and wetland macrophytes of Katarniyaghat Wildlife Sanctuuary of Bahraich district, Uttar Pradesh, (India). J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 156-65.

Highlights on 67 species of aquatic and wetland macrophytes recorded in the Sanctuary region of Katarniyaghat of district Bahraich. The species belong to a total number of 32 families (25 Angiosperms and 7 Pteridophytes), Out of 67 species, 62 species are of angiosperms and 5 species of Pteridophytes. Some of the species of both groups are used medicinally, for food or vegetable and for improving their economic conditions. Some of the species are also traditionally used for shelter and other domestic purposes.

12 ref

003434   Maina V;Meena S L (Botanical Survey of India, Arid Zone Regional Centre, , Jodhpur-342 008, Email: mainabsi@yahoo.co.in) : New record for the flora of Gujarat state, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 54-6.

Pergularia tomentosa L., a new record for Gujarat State, is reported herewith from Junagarh District. Detailed description, phenology, ecological and distributional data, photo and critical notes and ethnobotancal uses are dealt in the present paper for easy identification.

2 illus, 2 ref

003433   Mahato A K;Mahato N (Botany Dep, Tata College, Chaibasa, West Singhbhum, Jharkhand) : Contribution to our knowledge of chaetophorales of Jharkhand, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2012, 36(1), 12-15.

Six species of the Chaetophorales, collected from freshwater habitats of Seraikela-Kharswan district of Jharkhand are described in the present communication. These are: Drapanaldia acuta (C. Agardh) Kuetzing, Drapanoldia glomeruiata (Vaucher) C. Agardh, Stegeoclonium polymorphum (Franke) Heering, Stegeoclonium nanum Kuetzing; Chaetophora elegans (Hath) C. Agardh and Coleochaete nitellarum Jost. All these six species are new records from Jharkhan.

6 illus, 17 ref

003432   Kundu A;Ray R R (Microbiology Lab, Zoology Dep, Molecular Biology and Genetics, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata-700 073, Email: rina_ray64@yahoo.co.in) : Endoxylanase production from the solid state fermentation of mustard pod husk by Penicillium janthinellum. South Asian J expl Biol 2012, 2(2), 44-50.

With an aim to dispose huge amount of mustard pod husk generated after oil seed extraction in an economical way, it was used as the sole carbon source in a fed batch culture of a locally isolated strain of Penicillium janthinellum for the production of endoxylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) on solid-state fermentation. The influence of mustard pod husk concentration, cultivation temperature, initial pH, moisture content, organic and inorganic nitrogen sources, surfactants and metal ions were evaluated with respect to endoxylanase production. Attempts were also made to increase the enzyme production by acid and alkali pretreatment of the husk. The hyperproductive strain showed highest endoxylanase production at 72nd h with a temperature and pH optima of 27°C and 6.0 respectively. Inorganic nitrogen sources were proved to have better enhancing effect for enzyme production than the organic sources. Mild alkali treatment made the husk more accessible for the fungal degradation. Ultrafiltered enzyme showed a temperature and pH optima 60°C and 6 respectively and about 80% of the enzyme activity was found to be retained at 60°C for 10 min and at a broad pH range of 4-9.