015668   Kirti J S;Jagdish Kaur (Zoology Dep, Punjabi Univ, Patiala-147 002) : Rediscription of aedes (Finlaya) Pulchriventer (giles) (diptera: culicidae) using genitalic characters. Geobios 2004, 31(4), 209-12.

The description of Aedes (Finlaya) pulchriventer (Giles) has been updated by including male and female genitalic characters for the first time.

8 illus, 4 ref

015667   Khan A R;Chishti M Z;Ahmad F;Rashid M;Bakshi S (Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar-190 006) : Seasonal occurrence of helminth parasites in Schizotnorax in Dal lake Kashmir. J parasitic Dis 2004, 28(1), 23-8.

Helminth parasitization is one of the major factors responsible for the decline of fish fauna of the valley, which provides protein to almost 60% of the people of valley in addition to providing sport and employment to Parge population particularly in rural areas. The present paper is an attempt to highlight the occurrence of different helminth groups in different seasons in order to find out a relationship between the helminth occurrence and season supported by data spreading over more than 3 years from 1991-93 and again from 1997-1998 In all four helminth groups including Trematoda, Cestoda, Nematoda and Acanthocephala infecting the native fish-Schizothorax, were studied represented in the present studies by 9 genera including Diplozoon, Clinostomum and Allocreadium from Trematoda; Adenoscolex from Cestoda; Pomphorhynchus, Ncoechinorhyncus and Tenuiproboscis from Acanthocephala and Rhabdochona from Nematoda group. About 610 Schizothorax specimens from Dal lake were studied through regular periodical collections. The hosts were scanned for helminth presence and the data analysed for seasonal occurrence of the helminths. The tables (1-4) clearly depict the seasonal occurrence of helminth parasites indicating that season plays a vital role in the fish parasitization.

4 tables, 28 ref

015666   Kar P K;Tandon V (Zoology Dep, North-Eastern Hill Univ, Shillong-793 022) : Anthelmintic efficacy of genistein, the active principle of Flemingia vestita, (fabaceae): Alterations in the activity of the enzymes associated with the tegumental and gastrodemal interfaces of the trematode, Fasciolopsis buski. J parasitic Dis 2004, 28(1), 45-56.

Acid phosphatase (AcPase) and alkaline phosphatase (AlkPase) were found widely distributed in tegumental tissues, i.e., tegument, subtegument and somatic musculature as well as in the gastrodermis of the intestinal fluke Fasciolopsis buski. Adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and 5'-Nucleotidase (5'-Nu), to the contrary, were localized in the tegumental tissues only while protease was associated with the latter-mentioned tissues. After exposure to the various test materials (crude root-peel extract of Flemingia vestita 20 mg/ml, its active component genistein 0.5 rag/ml and the reference drug oxyclozanide 20 mg/ml concentration) a significant decline in the visible stain intensity of all these enzymes except protease was observed in the aforementioned regions. Quantitatively, the activities of Ac Pase, AlkPase, ATPase, and 5'-Nu were found to diminish by 39-42.75%, 37.5-44.23%, 32.9-54.5% and 41.9-51.9%, respectively after treatment. The reference drug showed somewhat similar effect like the crude extract of F. vestita.

13 illus, 2 tables, 52 ref

015665   Iangrai A;Khongwir S;Hooroo R N K;Gupta B B P (Zoology Dep, North Eastern Hill Univ, Shillong-793 022) : Influence of some environmental factors on the breeding and development of Polypedates leucomystax (Gravenhorst). Geobios 2004, 31(4), 290-92.

Changes in the water chemistry at the breeding site of Polypedates leucomystax during the monsoon show that the tadpoles can adapt themselves to varying water temperatures and pH and show successful growth and development.

1 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

015664   Hayat M;Anis S B (Zoology Dep, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh-202 002) : Record of Ablerus connectenus Silvestri (Hymenoptera: aphelinidae) from India. Bionotes 2004, 6(4), 99.

4 illus, 3 ref

015663   Chowdhury S (Zoology Dep, , ) : An observation on the resident birds of Bolpur, West Bengal. Bionotes 2004, 6(4), 104-5.

1 ref

015662   Bastawade D B;Thakur S;Rao K T;Javed S M M (Zool Survey of India, , Pune) : Distributional range extension of regal parachute spider, Poeciloteria regalis (Araneae: theraphosidae. Bionotes 2004, 6(4), 118-19.

2 illus, 4 ref

015661   Banerjee D;Mitra B (Diptera Section, Zoological Survey of India, New Alipur, Kolkata-700 053) : Genera of Indian bombyliidae (diptera). Bionotes 2004, 6(4), 112-13.

5 ref

015660   Baitha A;Jalali S K;Rabindra R J;Venkatesan T;Rao N S;Lalitha Y (Crop Protection Div, Indian Inst of Sugarcane Res, Rae Bareli Road, Dilkusha P O, Lucknow-226 002, Email: arunbaitha@rediffimail.com) : Effect of parasitoid-host ratio on some biological attributes of Tetrastichus howardi (olliff) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Entomon 2004, 29(2), 125-8.

Biological attributes of Tetrastichus howardi (Olliff) was studied on Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) pupae at different parasitoid-host densities at 25±2<144>C and 65<145>5% RH. Highest parasitism, maximum adult emergence and increased proportion of female progenies were recorded when the parasitoid-host ratio was kept at 1:1, which was significantly superior to othee ratios. The extent of parasitism decreased when the parasitoid-host/host-parasitoid ratio increased. Therefore, 1:1parasitoidhost ratio is desirable for the mass multiplication of To. howardi on C. partellus.

2 tables, 12 ref

015659   Acharya S;Das M K;Haldar D P;Dutta T (Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, , Barrackpore-700 120) : On a new myxosporean parasite, Phlogospora gulio sP. N. from the catfish, Mystus gulio (Hamllton-buchanan in West Bengal. Geobios 2004, 31(4), 261-4.

One new species of Myxozoan parasite, Phlogospora gulio sp. is described from gill lamellae of Mystus gulio. Its affinities with two other species of Phlogospora known uptil now from India are discussed. Descriptions of the plasmodia and spores are also given.

10 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

014674   Yeragi S G;Yeragi S S;Yeragi A S (Marine Laboratory, K. J. Somaiya College of Science and Commerce, Vidyavihar, Mumbai-400 077) : Preliminary investigation on biofoulers at achara creek of South Konkan. Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 265-8.

Biofoulers are the organisms, which create major problems for smooth operation of fishery crafts and gears, affecting the fishery. The major macrofoulers were barnacles, oysters, hydroids, tubeworms, amphipods and molluscs. The study was conducted on two panels in the month of March 2000 to February 2001. The asbestos cement panels underwent more fouling, compared to fibreglass panels. The surface characteristics, such as roughness and smoothness, play an important role in the rate of fouling, the former is more prone than the latter object.

2 tables, 11 ref

014673   Thulsi Rao K;Prudhvi Raju M;Maqsood Javed S M;Siva Rama Krishna I (Assistant Conservator of Forests, Eco-Research & Monitoring Laboratories, Biodiversity, Srisailam, Kurnool Dist., Andhra Pradesh-518 102, Email: thulsirao@yahoo.com) : A checklist of butterflies of Nagarjunasagar srisailam tiger reserve Andhra Pradesh. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1713-15.

As part of a larger project "All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory of Nagarjunasagar-Srisailam Tiger Reserve (N-STR)" (Rao etal., 2004) a preliminary-survey for butterflies was carried out from January 2003 to December 2003 to document the butterfly diversity in the area. Sampling for butterflies was done along transects passing through various habitats in seven selected monitoring sites within an area of 4km² each. Collections were made with the help of a sweep net and specimens were dry preserved following Arora (1990), and deposited in the field museum of Eco-Research and Monitoring Laboratories at the Project Tiger head quarters in Srisailam. Species identification was made using various field guides and other available literature (Antram, 2002; Evans, 1932; Gunathilagaraj et al., 1998; Haribal, 1992; Kunte, 2000). Some of the rare butterflies were futher identified using keys provide by Wynter-Blyth (1957). Species classification and scientific names are as per Kunte (2000) and Gunathilagaraj et al. (2000).

1 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

014672   Thirumurugan R;Senthilkumar K;Devaki K;Khan P N (Zoo Veterinarian, Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur, Tamil Nadu) : A case of upper motor neuron affection in a rescued chimpanzee Pan troglodytes. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1722.

A 22-year old female chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) was rescued from a circus company by the SPCA, Chennai and brought to the Arignar Anna Zoological Park veterinary hospital, Vandalur on 9 January 2003 for health assessment and intensive treatment. The animal was severely anaemic. Past history revealed that the chimp, used for performance in the circus, had fallen while performing and had become paralytic and bedridden since. Preliminary examination revealed that the chimp was severely emaciated, recumbent, with multiple decubitous ulcers involving hip joints, ilium right tarsal joint and mid thoracic region (Image l^w). Ancylosis of stifle and hip joints was also noticed. No medical history could be retrieved from the person accompanying the chimp.

2 ref

014671   Thirumurugan R;Senthilkumar K;Devaki K (Zoo Veterinarian, Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Vandalur, Tamil Nadu) : Amputation of tail in a palm civet Viverricula indica under xylazine and ketamine anaesthesia. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1721-2.

Amputation of tail is indicated for some incurable lesions as ulcers, a necrotic vertebra or malignant tumour of the tail in domestic animals (O'Conner, 1980), which may also be applied to wild animals. A case of necrotic wound in the tail of a Palm Civet (Viverricula indica) and its management by caudectomy under Xylazine and Ketamine anaesthesia is reported in this paper.

4 ref

014670   Thirumurugan R;Ramesh Babu V;Subramanian P (Animal Science Dep, Bharathidasan Univ, Thiruchirappalli-620 024) : Synthetic feed formulation for the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nobilii and growth evaluation. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 519-24.

Growth increment, food conversion efficiency and survival rates of the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium nobilii were observed with respect to five different feeds. Three feeds were formulated using different plant sources as the major ingredient, one commercial feed and a live feed (mussel meat) were used. The feeding experiments were conducted for 40 days. At every 10 days interval growth was made to derive the fluctuation over the consecutive forty days. Formulated feed Type II (Ficus bengalensis) exerts greater food conversion efficiency (1 : 2.25) followed by Type III algal feed (Pithophora spp.) (1 : 2.71), commercial feed (1 : 2.82) Type I (Ficus religiosa) (1 : 3.57) and mussel meat (1 : 6.48).

3 tables, 16 ref

014669   Sivaperuman C;Sanjeev Kumar;Rathore N S (Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation Div, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Thrissur, Kerala-680 653, Email: c_sivaperuman@hotmail.com) : Avifauna of desert regional station, zoological survey of India campus, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1718-19.

The Great Indian Desert or Thar Desert is biogeographically the easternmost edge of the Saharan-Arabian Desert zone. Located in the northwestern region this desert is the only habitat of its type in the Indian subcontinent. In spite of the harsh climatic conditions this region exhibits a vivid and spectacular biodiversity, with several records of birds.

1 table, 3 ref

014668   Sinha M P;Gupta D K;Kumar M;Srivastava R; Sinha R (Dept of Zoology, Ranchi Univ, Ranchi-834 008, Email: m_psinha@yahoo.com) : Suitability of an earthworm Perionyx sansibaricus (Michaelsen) as verm meal for catfish, Clarius barachus (Linn). Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 199-206.

In order to test the suitability of an earthworm Perionyx sansibaricus (Michaslsen) as verm meal for carnivorous cat fish, Clarius batrachus (Linn.) experments were designed to maintain fish population on three different fish food viz., earthworm, muscles of Pila (Pila bengalensis) and goat liver for 45 days under ideal and identical laboratory conditions. The growth rate of fishes as mg g^-1 wet weight day^-1 has been calculated to be the parameter of testing the suitability of feed. The growth rates were always higher for verm meal showing suitability and the statistical analysis of the data on growth rate by two way ANOVA revealed a highly significant variation (p<0.001) due to variation in food variety and nonsignificant variation among the replica of the experimental sets. The suitability of verm meal has been explained on the basis of chemical composition of worm tissues. The difference in growth rates of fishes when fed on earthworm showed a significant variation (p<0.01) over the population fed-on other meals.

1 illus, 6 tables, 27 ref

014667   Singh P;Mohan D (Zoology Dep, J.N.U. Univ, Jodhpur-342 005) : Growth study on the fries Labeo rohita with different food variables. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 383-9.

The growth study on the fry of Labeo rohita was conducted for a period of 42 days in two experimental conditions LTLV (T= 20° C ± 2° C, V= 15 Liters ) and HTHV (T= 28° C ± 2°C, V=80 Liters), using four artificial feeds. The feeds were initially provided at the rate of 2% of body weight of fry (average length of 2.4-cm. and 0.310 gm, weight). The % gain in length and weight was estimated. SGR and FCR were calculated and ANOVA and t-test were also applied to the results. High survival rates (100%) was observed in both the experimental conditions. The maximum net increase in growth was observed by food F₂ (LTLV = 2.7 cm. in length and 0.486 gm. in weight; HTHV = 3.1 cm. in length and 0.522 gm. in weight).

5 tables, 20 ref

014666   Singh D;Yadava N K;Saroha R P;Gupta R K (Zoology and Aquaculture Dep, C. C. S. Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004, Email: rituparansaroha@hau.nic.in) : Interaction of dietary levels of protein and energy on the growth performance of common carp and rohu fingerlings. Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 215-21.

Six diets were formulated having a range of 25.40 to 50.40 percent crude protein in feed the fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio (L) and Labeo rohtia (Ham) @4% BWD^-1. Studies have revealed that regular feeding on low protein (25.40%) diet resulted in significantly (P<0.05) low growth in both the fish species, while feeding on high protein (35.60% to C. carpio and 39.18% to C. robila) diets resulted in good growth performance. These studies have indicated a direct relationship between weight gain and protein calorie ratio, and an inverse relationship between growth and FCR.

3 illus, 4 tables, 15 ref

014665   Sharma V (Bio Science and Biotechnology Dep, Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali-304 022, ) : Behavioural study of newly synthesized organophosphate on Periplaneta American (L.). Biosci Res Bull 2004, 20(1), 23-5.

The adults of Periplaneta americana (L.), the American Cockroaches were treated with newly synthesized Organophosphate viz., 3-(p- methyl benzyl)-2(thiazolydenamide) bis (diethylamide) thiophosphate. The fixed volume (0.1ml) or the doses of the compound applied topically and equally on both hind wing base of the adult Cockroaches alter the normal behaviour in the adults of P. americana. It is evident from the observations that this compound at all the doses cause similar effects such as hyperactivity, lack of co-ordination, prostration, convulsions, general paralysis and moribund state.

9 ref

014664   Sharma S K (Foundation For Ecological Security, , 18 - New, Ahinsapuri, Fatehpura, Udaipur, Rajasthan-313 004) : Present distribution of Asian pied starling Sturnus contra in Rajasthan. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1716-18.

Three subspecies of Asian Pied Starling Sturnus contra are recognised, namely, Sturnus contra contra, Sturnus contra sordidus and Sturnus contra superciliaris (Ali & Ripley, 1983). Of the three subspecies Sturnus contra contra is the most common subspecies, distributed in the norhern and eastern continental India, east of a line form c.76°E Ludhiana and Hissar, south through eastern Rajasthan roughly to Hoshangabad (M.P.), Hyderabad (A.P.) and the Krishna river delta. In the north along the Uttar Pradesh and Nepal terai, duars, foothills and through the Gangetic plains to Lakhimpur and North Cachar districts in Assam, and Bangladesh.

1 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

014663   Sharma I;Dhanze J R (Fisheries Dep, COVAS, CSKHPKV, Palampur -176 062) : Food and feeding habits of Tor putitora (Ham.) in Beas River System. Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 269-71.

The food and feeding habits of juveniles of Tor putitora inhabiting in Poon tributary of river Beas revealed that insects contribute a major portion of its diet i.e. 48% in January to 90% in October and was its basic food. Among the insects Ephemeropterans formed its major preferred food followed by Odonata, Plecoptera, Tricoplera and Diptera. The other items of its diet comprises of algae (1-18%), diatoms (2.6%), crustaceans, macrophytes, sands and debris. The algae include mainly Spirogyra, (Ulothrix, Microspora, Oscillatoria and Hydrodictyon which perhaps form the emergency food of Mahseer. The diatoms comprise mainly Navicula, Synedra and Flagellaria etc. The percentage of sand and debris ranged from 9-35% of the total food item. Thus based on present study it may be inferred that the Golden Mahseer is "insect carnivorous".

2 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

014662   Sharma A;Trivedi S;Shukla A N;Shrivastava S (School of Studies in Zoology, Vikram Univ, Ujjain-456 010) : Observations on activity recovery of mercury exposed freshwater fish by using an integrated aquatic macrophyte base system. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 371-5.

To ascertain the detoxification efficiency of an integrated Aquatic Macrophyte Base (IAMB) System, laboratory studies were carried out constituting two floating weeds Eichhornia, Salvinia in surface water layers, Chara and Hydrilla in column layers and Vallisneria in the bottom layers. The mercury absorption rate by IAMB system was evaluated by fish activity including fish mortality, fish behaviour, opercular movement and locomotory activity of fish. Five experimental groups constituting five selected aquatic weeds were subjected to establish fish LC-100 concentration of mercuric chloride (1 ppm) for 48, 96, 144, 192 and 240 h. to feciliate mercury absorption. No fish mortality could be recorded in control, 192 and 240 h. exposed experimental groups. 100% fish mortality rate observed in lethal concentration group without IAMB system. Low mortality rate were recorded in other experimental group. Mercury toxic exposed fish showed hyperactivity in the form of increased opercular movement and relative reduced locomotory activity. It was also noticed that hyperactivity decrease gradually as the time exposure to IAMB system increases. From the above results it was desived that distress in different experimental groups suggested effective working of IAMB system in mercury detoxification.

2 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

014661   Shaikh N; (Zoology Dep, G. M. Momin Women's College, Bihwandi-421 302) : Biodiversity of Plankton in Tansa river of Thane District, Maharashtra. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 367-70.

Biodiversity is a measure of variety in ecological communities. It is a function of the number of individuals per species and the total number of individuals of all the species in a particular community. The numerical strength and bio-mass of organisms affect the functioning of ecosystems. Living organisms can change, modify and regulate their environment to some extent by their activities. In the course of millions of years, numerous biotic communities have evolved. It is therefore important to study the diversity of these communities in space and time. The diversity indices of plankton were observed during summer and winter season. On the basis of diversity indices, plankton of Tansa river showed low stress in their environment. It may suggest the minimum influence of pollution of Tansa river.

7 ref

014660   Sexena A (Zoology Dep, Government (Autonomous) Model Science College, Rewa (M.P.)-486 001) : Population dynamics of some common predatory and parasitic insects in Rewa (M.P.). J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 525-8.

The population dynamics of different insect parasites and predators was studied in natural conditions. The observations were taken for complete one year for the study of predators and parasites of both rabi and kharif crop pests. During the experimental period insects belonging to 7 orders, 25 families, 45 genera and 46 species were recorded. The number of parasitic and predatory insects depend on not only the climatic conditions but also the availability of their host species.

6 ref

014659   Sethuramalingam T A;Shanmugavadivammal P (Centre for Aquafeed and Nutrition, Research Dep of Zoology, St. Xavier's College, Palayankottai-627 002) : Influence of natural and artificial diet different larval densities of Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 247-52.

Labeo rohita larvae fed with natural and artificial feed were reared under four stocking densities ie., 25 (low), 50 (medium), 75 (interim) and 100 (high) larvae/trough (20 l capacity) for 49 days. Higher growth (449.18 mg) and survival (93%) were observed in low density and live feed system. A significant increase (4 fold) of live weight gain of the larvae was observed in live food system than larvae under stocking densities of artificial feed. The gut length of the larvae has direct relationship with the proleolytic activity. There was a significant difference in the enzyme activity found in live food system compared to artificial diets fed fish. The highest enzyme activity was observed only in low density, live food system. From the experiment it was confirmed that the growth and survival of rohu larvae were influenced by the stocking density as well as the quality of the food.

4 tables, 26 ref

014658   Sengupla S;Hazarika J;Saikia S;Das M; Choudhury S K (Zoology Dep, Vidyapeeth College, Guwahati-781 016, Email: senguptasaibal@yahoo.co.in.) : Studies on growth, food conversion and body composition of fingerling of Cirrhinus mrigala fed on diets containing Muga silkworm pupae (MSWP). Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 253-7.

The study was designed to formulate a nutritionally balanced cheap artificial diet incorporating muga silkworm pupae (MSWP) as one of the ingredients for fish culture using Cirrbinus mrigala fingerlings as experimental model. Biochemical analysis of MSWP reveals the presence of about 58% Crude protein, 7% total free amino acid and 20% ether extract Two sets of diets are prepared to assess the role of MSWP in fish nutrition. The diet containing 70% fish meal (FM) and 39.2% protein is used as control. In the experimental diet FM is replaced on isonitrogenous basis by MSWP. The fingerlings fed on experimental diet exhibit better rate of growth, food conversion ratio (FCR) and nitrogen assimilation. The proximate analysis of muscles reveals higher accretion of protein and amino acids in experimental group fingerlings. The improved performance of the fingerlings, fed on diet containing MSWP, suggests its possible application as a nutritionally balanced low cost artificial diet in fish culture.

es, 20 ref

014657   Saran M R;Mohan D (Zoolagy Dep, J.N.V. Univ, Jodhpur-342 005) : Length weight relationship Cyprinus carpio from Roopawas pond, Pali. Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 273-5.

Length-weight relationship of 100 specimens of Cyprinus carpio was studied from Roopawas pond of Pali. The study revealed a high value of regression coefficient (b = 3.126236). The condition factor and relative condition was not showing an increasing trend with the increase in length. The length weight relationship was found higher than the Catla catla. The statistical relationship between length and weight of the fish can be expressed as: W = 0.0086166 L^3.126236.

3 illus, 14 ref

014656   Sanjay Kumar;Pramod Kumar;Prasad P (NO, College of Commerce, Patna-800 020) : Studies on the effect of temperature on hatching of eggs of Phelebotomus papatasi. Mendel int J 2004, 21(1-2), 31-2.

P. papatasi eggs were unable to hatch below 15°C and above 37°C, though development took place in this range. Most favourable temperature for the egg development in 25°C-35°C. 28°C + 1 °C least percentage of mortality was observed but at 35°C + 1 °C least time was needed for completing the development, though mortality was high.

2 tables, 9 ref

014655   Sandhu G S;Kaur R (P.G. Dep of Zoology, S.G.N. Khalsa College, Sri Ganganagar-335 001) : Effect of fenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethroid on the blood parameters of Heteropneutes fossilis. Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 195-8.

The effect of sublethal concentrations ranging 0.008-0.016 mg/l of a synthetic pyrethroid, fenvalerate on TEC, Hb%and MCH was studied in a freshwater air-breathing catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis exposed for 15d and 304. TEC value (decreased on 15d and 30d exposure at higher concentrations. Hb% increased at both exposure duration. MCH value also increased significantly on exposure of 15d and 30d. Alterations in haematological parameters may lead to serious repercussion on their oxyphoretic capacity and hence on fish growth.

1 table, 20 ref

014654   Saini M S;Vasu V (Zoology Dep, Punjabi Univ, Patiala, Punjab-147 002) : Five new species of Nesoselandria Rohwer (hymenoptera: selandriinae) from India. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1699-1703.

Five new species of the genus Nesoselandria Rohwer are added to science from India. The taxonomic validity of these species has been supported by descriptions of morphology and genitilia, illustrations and detailed discussion.

29 illus, 20 ref

014653   Ranjit Singh A J A; (Biology Dep, Sri Paramakalyani Coll, Alwarkurichi, Email: ranjit233@rediffmail.com) : Ethno-entomological practices in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu. Indian J Tradl Knowledge 2004, 3(4), 442-6.

Insect based traditional knowledge on medicinal importance, although in usage from ancient times, is still less explored. ancient palm leaf literature reveals that numerous insect species were advantageously utilized by tribal and village physicians for medicine. Kanikars and Paliyars, the tribal people living in Western Ghats of Tirunelveli district and village physicians use insects to prepare medicine. Eleven species of insects used in prepare traditiona medicine were identified and details about their therapeutic value are enumerated. Insects are used as medicine to cure various ailments like urinary diseases, neurological problems, hair loss, skin diseases, respiratory illness, etc. Also insects like termites are consumed as healthy food.

1 illus, 6 ref

014652   Ramanujam M E;Verzhutskii B (Principal Investigator (Fauna) ECTDEF Project, Pitchandikulam Bio-Resource Centre, Auroville, Pondicherry-605 101, Email: tdef@auroville.org.in) : Prey of the Indlan pipistrelle bat Pipistrellus coromandra (gray) at Auroville, Southern India. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1720.

The prey, and feeding habits of Pipistrellus coromandra has been recorded in general (Bates & Harrison, 1997), as well as in specific areas - for example, in Bihar (Sinha, 1986) and in central and western India (Brosset, 1962). This report concerns the prey spectrum of this species in Auroville, in the close vicinity of Pondicherry.

1 table, 5 ref

014651   Rajpurohit L S (Animal Behaviour Unit, Zoology Dep, Faculty of Science, J.N.V. Univ, Jodhpur-342 005) : Male social organisation and dominance hierarchy in male bands of Hanuman langur, Semnopithecus entellus around Jodhpur, India. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 441-50.

Some 931-dominance interactions were recorded from 33 individually identified males (31 adults and 2 juveniles) of three focal male bands in Hanuman langur around Jodhpur and their rank order ascertained. The maximum episodes (74.3%) relate to the displacement of these 26.7% were on food procurement, 48.4% for the possession of estrous females and 24.9% concern other interactions such as displacing for better place, or just show the hierarchy to subordinates. Dominance determinates like chasing and fights among males when interacting with bisexual troop (10%), sexual acts like harassment of the male during copulation (11.5%) and whoop calls (4.1%) by dominant males were recorded. There were 49 reversal (5.2%) and most of them (91%) were observed when males were either resting or not engaged in any apparent activity. A clear-cut functional dominance status in the male bands around Jodhpur was observed. Shifting of ranks and reversals were also observed among ranking males. As a rule, a most dominant male (alpha) or rarely a beta male of the male band becomes the resident as and when required. The vacant position of alpha or beta males is occupied by the next ranking male of male band and this pattern of filling and elevation in the ranks goes on. The ousted resident males from bisexual troops fall in rank on their rejoining into male band when they are replaced Similarly, the old males fall in then rank of their own. The investigation suggest that dominance hierarchy is probably the most important component of social cohesion and social regulation in langurs as in all other non-human and human primates.

1 illus, 2 tables, 36 ref

014650   Patnaika B K;Kara T C (Plot No.2197, B.J.B.Nagar, Bhubaneswar-751 014, , ) : Aging of salmon. Indian J Gerontol 2003, 17(1-2), 1-22.

Like lampreys and eels, pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp) shows a characteristic death at first spawning. They exhibit rapid senescence. A similar pattern of senescence is observed in Atlantic salmon (Salmosalar), but many survive to breed again. The debate regarding mechanisms involving "programmed aging" and hormonally triggered "pleiotropic effect" still continues. The longevity of salmon varies from 2 to 8 years. Salmon species show comparable differences in the detail pattern of life history and genetic diversity correlated with variations in ecological niches. However, the pattern of life cycle (egg to adult) is essentially similar in Pacific and Atlantic salmon with minor variations due to anadromous-non-anadromous nature, iteroparous-semelparous pattern of reproduction, rate of growth and other reasons. The age of individual salmon is determined by counting growth rings (annuli) in scales and otoliths. The mortality rate of salmon increases with age. Activation and participation of neuroendocrine mechanisms are mainly responsible for changes during spawning and post-spawning phases. The participation of neurobiological factors and oxidative stress caused by free radicals in cellular degeneration cannot be ruled out. Pacific salmon (kokanee) may serve as animal models for studies on Alzheimer's disease, a significant finding in recent years. Aging in salmon of different species has not been studied extensively. In addition to spawning-related studieds, year-wise changes from adult to advanced age are required for generalization of finding.

1 illus, 2 tabls, 80 ref

014649   Pathania P C;Rose H S (Zoology Dep, Punjabi Univ, Patiala-147 002) : Comments on the Yponomeuta complex (Lepidoptera yponomeutidae) from Western Himalaya. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 529-36.

Two new species ie., sacculata and uttarnachalensis of the genus Yponomeuta Latreille have been collected from the Western Himalaya and dealtwith taxonomically. Both the species are clearly congeneric to each other as per various diagnostic characters, particularly the male genitalic ones.

2 tables, 19 ref

014648   Parwez H;Sharma M K (Zoology Dep, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202 001, Email: iparwez@hotmail.com) : Dynamics of the collembolan population in two different ecotypes in a tropical region. Biosci Res Bull 2004, 20(1), 27-38.

Collembolans prefer wet or damp surroundings and inhabit soil and leaf litter and also found in large density in forest soil although some species move actively over the surfaces of bark and flowers in daylight. In the study, seven species of Collembolans were recorded in mixed deciduous forest and Sal plantation. The maximum density of these species was recorded during monsoon month when sufficient amount of moisture was available. Additionally, their population is also regulated by edaphic factors like temperature, pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potash.

4 tables, 29 ref

014647   Pal Kaur M (Zoology Dep, Punjab Univ, Patiala (Punjab)) : Relationship between physical activity and coronary heart disease in urban punjabi population. Bionature 2004, 24(2), 85-8.

10.66% individuals with light physical activity, 7.66% individuals with moderate and 3.6% individuals with heavy physical activity have been found to suffer with Coronary Heart disease during the present survey in urban population. The comparison of prevalence rate of CHD individuals from different categories regarding their level of physical activity was found to be statistically significant (x². 7.3, df = 2, p<0.05). The comparison of prevalence rate of CHD between persons with +ve family history and with -ve family history was found to be statistically significant (x² = 33.47, df = 1, p<0.05).

3 tables, 27 ref

014646   Padmasheela N C;Delvi M R (Zoology Dep, Bangalore Univ, Bangalore-560 056) : Effect of dimethoate (Rogor 30% EC) on the brain neurosecretory cells of third instar grubs of Oryctes rhinoceros L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). J envir Biol 2004, 25(4), 451-5.

The brain neurosecretory cells of III instar grubs of Oryctes rhinoceros were exposed to insecticide Dimethoate (Rogor 30% EC) in the laboratory condition. The sublethal doses (0, 125, 0.25 and 0.5%) of Rogor at time intervals of 8, 16 and 24 have produced marked changes in the structure and the secretory activities of medial and lateral neurosecretory cells. Rogor stimulates the synthetic activity of these cells at the initial stages of its action and results in the accumulation of neurosecretory materials (NSM) in the cytoplasm. The decreased neurosecretion at later stages of the action was due to its transportation through the axons before the death of treated grubs. Similarly, vacuolization, shrinking and degeneration of cells were also observed in treated grubs.

12 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

014645   Narendran T C;Sureshan P M;Girish Kumar P; Santhosh S (Systematic Entomology Laporatory, Zoology Dep, Calicut Univ, Malappuram District, Kerala-673 635, Email: drtcnarendran@yahoo.com ) : A new species and a new record of the genus Macroglenes westwood (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) from India. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1704-05.

The genus Macroglenes Westwood is reported for the first time from India with the description of a new species from Kerala. Its distinguishing characters from other species are also discussed.

4 illus, 5 ref

014644   Naik S J K;Piska R S;Devi V V (Zoology Dep, P. G. College of Science, Saifabad, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 004) : Alterations of hepatic dehydrogenase activity in Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus) exposed to leather tannery effluent. Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 277-80.

Present investigation aimed to study the hepatic dehydrogenase enzyme (SDH&LDH) activity in Cyprinus carpio (Linn). exposed to 20 and 10% leather tannery effluent, in order to evaluate the toxic effect of chromium compound. In an acute exposure period, a significant decrease in enzyme activity observed when compare to the control.

2 tables, 24 ref

014643   Mushigeri S B;David M (Zoology Dep, Karanatak Univ's Research Laboratory, Toxicology Division, Karnatak S, Dharwad-580 001, Email: mushigerisadanand@ediffmail.com) : Residue analysis of fenvalerate by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) in functionally different tissue of freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton). Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 207-13.

Freshwater fish Cirrbinus mrigala were exposed to lethal (Gμg/T) and sub lethal (0.6μg/l) concentration of synthetic pyrethroid insecticide fenvalerate for 1, 2, 3 and 4 days and 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 days respectively. Fenvalerate gain entry into the body of fish through different modes and accumulate in the body tissue, namely gill, muscle and liver. Fenvalerate residues in the tissues was preliminarily detected by TLC and quantified by GLC. Since fenvalerate is highly lyphophilic in nature, it accumulates in body tissues. Highest quantity accumulated in gill followed by liver and muscle under lethal concentration, in sub lethal concentration muscle accumulated highest concentration of fenvalerate followed by gill and liver.

2 illus, 2 tables, 35 ref

014642   Mavinkurve R G;Shanbhag S P;Madhyastha N A (Malacology Centre, Poornaprajna College, Udupi, Karnataka-576 101, Email: rajendragm@yahoo.com) : Non-marine molluscs of Western ghats. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(12), 1708-11.

The study of land and freshwater snails of Western Ghats have been neglected for a long time. Western Ghats with its varied vegetation harbours 257 terrestrial molluscs and 57 freshwater species, and forms one of the megadiversity centres for molluscs. During studies for the last three and a half years to collected 190 species of land snails with 20 new reports for the region. But the alarming factor is that 12 genera reported earlier were not encountered in present survey. Review discussed the relative, importance of non-marine Molluscs of Western Ghats with respect to their ecology, zoogeography and biological significance.

^iia2 illus, 57 ref

014641   Majhi S K;Mahapatra B K;Vinod K;Mandal B K (ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, , Barapani-793 103) : Comparative studies on qualitative and quantitative plankton production using different livestock excreta. Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 123-31.

Livestock excreta of poultry, pig, duck and goat were applied @ 1.5 g/lt as initial dose and @ 0.75 g/lt as booster dose for the plankton culture study. The culture was done in cement cisterns for a period of 60 days. On computation, it has been found that duck excreta was more suitable for both qualitative and quantitative plankton production followed by poultry, goat and pig excreta. Diversity Index (H) of 13.64 was calculated for cistern treated with poultry excreta and Equitability Index (J) of 0.725 was calculated for cistern treated with pig dung and control.

2 illus, 5 tables, 20 ref

014640   Maiti P;Banerjee S (Aquaculture Research Unit, Zoology Dep, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road Kolkata-700 019) : Seasonal scenario of metals in the tissues of some fish species from wastewater wetlands of Kolkata. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 423-40.

Seasonal variations of hydrological parameters of wastewater influence the toxicity and bioavailability of metals in the system. Thus seasonal studies on the concentration of Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd in the water arid tissues of fish reared in the wastewater wetlands of Kolkata, were carried out for a period of three years. This is to understand the pattern of metal accumulation following seasonal changes. In water, Cu and Zn occur in the highest concentration during the monsoon. In fish tissues excepting for Cu in liver and Zn in kidney which are observed to be maximally accumulated in the monsoon, metals show no definite seasonal pattern of accumulation. The variations observed are statistically insignificant During the monsoon, Cu in the liver Labeo rohita is 96.96 μg/g in C. catla it is 57.46 μ and in O. nilotica notice it is 30.50 μg/g. Zn also accumulates maximally during this season in the kidney. The level of the metal is 49.48 μg/g, 53.00 μg/g and 14.00 μg/g in L. rohita, C. catla and O. nilotica respectively. Pb and Cd level remained invariant throughout the year.

16 illus, 4 tables, 22 ref

014639   Lakshmi B B;Rao B T;Rao R M (Zoology Dep, Andhra Univ, Visakhapatnam-530 003) : Avifauna of Mehadrigedda Reservoir near Visakhapatnam, A. P.. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 405-21.

The paper deals with the diversity of Avifauna of Mehadrigedda reservoir, Visakhapatnam, A.P. A survey for this purpose has been carried out for a period of four years. Altogether 64 species of birds belonging to 48 genera and 10 orders have been recorded among which Pochards were found to be dominating. The birds have been categorized as Residents and Migrants. Some problems pertaining to the conservation and diversity of these birds together with their present status have been discussed in detail. A few conservation measures have also been suggested.

8 tables, 4 ref

014638   Kiran Kumari P;Babu D E (Environmental Sciences Dep, Andhra Univ, Visakhapatnam-530 003) : Oxygen requirements of the fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium malcolmsonii during the moult cycle. Aquacult 2004, 5(2), 281-3.

Oxygen is one of the major factors that influence crustacean growth and moulting. The oxygen requirements of Macrobracbium malcolmsonii at each moult stage was carried out in closed respiration chambers. The physiological activities of moult stages were greatly influenced by dissolved oxygen in the medium. The oxygen uptake was minimum in intermoult and maximum in late premoult. Increased demand for oxygen was observed throughout premoult and postmoult stages. Oxygen deficiency at these stages led to mortality, when the dissolved oxygen falls below 1 ml/liter.

1 table, 10 ref

014637   Kalita J;Barua K K;Kakati D (Zoology Dep, Gauhati Univ Guwahati-781 014, ) : Diversity of butterfly fauna of Garbhanga reserve forest, Assam. J Ecobiol 2004, 16(4), 241-65.

An investigation was carried out to know the diversity and status of present butterfly fauna in relation to habitat conditions in Garbhanga Reserve forest, Assam. A total of 193 species and sub-species of butterflies distributed in 5 families have been collected and identified. Habitat Preferences of some of those butterflies along with suitable food plants of their early stages were studied. Some important species of larval food plants were identified during field observation. Global distribution patterns were recorded from various literature and a comparative family representation table has been given in relation to the past records of Talbot (1939).

3 tables, 17 ref

014636   Jamir N S;Lal P (Botany Dep, Nagaland University, Headquarter: Lumami Mokokchung-798 601) : Ethnozoological practices among Naga tribes. Indian J Tradl Knowledge 2005, 4(1), 100-4.

The present paper describes the traditional method of treating various kinds of ailments using different vertebrates and invertebrates and/or their products by different Naga tribes. Since different Naga tribes have their own distinct language and vernacular of a particular animal differs from one tribe to other. Efforts have been made to identify different animals of medicinal value used by Naga tribes and decode their names in common English language along with their local and zoological names as far as possible. A list of twentysix animal species and their products, nature of aliments and mode of treatments has been presented. Efforts have been to make known the animal based remedial measures practiced by and large by the Naga tribes. Though traditional in nature, most of the treatments have been reported to provide miraculous healing in various kinds of ailments.

1 table, 31 ref

014635   Gupta A K;Sushll Kumar (Zoology Dep and Environmental Research Laboratory, S.S.V. (P.G.) College, Hapur-245 101) : Determination of acetylcholinesterase activity in adult and broods of italian honeybees Apis mellifera L. J Nat Conserv 2003, 15(2), 323-9.

The study was conducted to determine the relative activity of acetyl cholinesterase enzyme in adult forager honeybees, worker bees found in brood combs and honey combs and broods of definite age. Although, published data show that the acetyl cholinesterase level in worker honeybees found in hives was more than double in foraging honeybees. No significant, difference with the age or activity was found when worker honeybees from indoor cages and free, flying outdoor colonies (foraged on pesticide free, fields) of Apis mellifera L. were assayed. The results indicate that the level of acetylcholinesterase in the adult bees is higher thin that of broods and the amount of the enzyme in broods increases significantly (p<0.05) as the age of the broods increases. From the data it is concluded that when acetyl-cholinesterase activity in foragers is significantly less than that of the normal hive bees, poisoning of the foragers should be suspected.

3 illus, 3 tables, 6 ref