013629   Chandra K;Singh S P (NO, Zoological Survey of India, Vijay Nagar, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh) : Scarabaeid beetles (Coleoptera) of Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary, Chhattisgarh. Natn J Life Sci 2010, 7(1), 71-4.

Deals with the study of scarabaeid beetles of Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary, which includes an account of 22 species belonging to 12 genera and six subfamilies. All these species are recorded for the first time from Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary (Chhattisgarh).

5 ref

013628   Bharti V;Sharma B (Zoology Dep, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Email: bharati237@gmail.com) : Biological studies of Oxyrhachis lefroyi distant (homoptera : membracidae) on two different hosts Dalbergia sissoo and Cassia fistula when attended by an ant species pheidole indica mayr. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2009, 29(3), 435-7.

Biological observations revealed variations in longevity of nymphal instars of membracid Oxyrhachis lefroyi on two different hosts when attended by ant species Pheidole indica Maye. On ia sissoo total nymphal duration recorded an average of 35.83±0.30 days/ cycle with an of 34-39 days and on Cassia fistula an average of 37.33±0.42 days/ cycle ranging from 34-41 days was recorded, thereby depicting the host preference by the membracid.

1 table, 24 ref

013627   Aynalem S;Bekele A (Biology Dep, Adis Ababa University, PO Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Email: afeworkbekele@hotmail.com) : Species composition, relative abundance and distribution of bird fauna of riverine and wetland habitats of Infranz and Yiganda at southern tip of Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Trop Ecol 2008, 49(2), 199-209.

Study was carried out in the southern tip of Lake Tana, Bahir Dar, covering both wet and dry seasons, from August 2006 to March 2007, with the objective to evaluate species composition, relative abundance and distribution of the bird fauna of wetlands and riverine habitat at Infranz, Lake Tana, Ethiopia. Sampling sites were stratified based on the vegetation type and area cover, and transect count technique was employed. A total of 129 bird species consisting of three endemics, two globally threatened, and 21 Palaearctic migrants were identified. The species composition of birds during the wet and dry seasons was not significantly different; but there was a significant difference among the habitats. The Yiganda wetland had the highest species diversity and evenness. The relative abundance score of species during the wet and dry seasons was variable in all the habitats. 'Expansion of farmlands and irrigation schemes are the main threats to the survival of birds.

1 illus, 2 tables, 44 ref

013626   Attar M N;Kharade S V (Zoology Dep, Krishna Mahavidyalaya, Rethare Bk, Karad, Dist. Satara) : New cestode Senga govindi N.SP. from Mastacembellus armatus at Khodashi, Tal. Karad, Dist. Satara (M.S.). Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(1), 134-6.

The present communication deals with the description of new species of genus Senga Dolfus, 1934 differs from all known species of genus in many characters, size, number and position of testes and ovary; shape, size and position of vitellaria.

1 illus, 18 ref

013625   Angami V K;Ahmed S U (Zoology Dep, Nagaland Univ, Lumami, Mokokchung) : Length-weight relationship of Danio dangila (HAM.) from the drainages of Nagaland. Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(1), 59-61.

In the study 50 freshwater wild species of Danio dangila (Ham.) of variable sizes ranging from 4.8 to 8.3 cm total length and 1.1 to 6.2 gm body weight were sampled from the drainages of Nagaland, to investigate the length-weight relationship of the species. Log transformed regressions were used to test the growth trend. Each specimen was measured and weights were recorded. The value of regression coefficient (n) revealed that, the length weight relationship of the test species did not follow the cube law. Correlation coefficient values for both the sexes and unsexed were found highly significant.

13 ref

013624   Andhale R B;Hyalij M T;Mali G K (Zoology Dep, K.A.A.N.M.S. Arts, Commerce and Science College, Satana) : Antibacterial activity of snail mucilage. Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(1), 151-2.

Snail mucilage tested against bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Micrococcus sp., Proteous vulgaris, isolated from soft drink showed high antibacterial effect. This property was stable over a wide range of temperature and could withstand sterilization.

3 tables, 8 ref

013623   Anand S P;John K C (Zoology Dep, T K M M College, Nangiarkulangara, Haripad-690 513, Email: sherlypanand@yahoo.com ) : Histological study of the optic tectum of Pristolepis Malabaricus (Gunther) (perciformes, teleostei). Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2009, 29(3), 355-60.

Optic tectum of Pristolepis malabaricus is laminated like the general teleostean pattern. Areas with the primary sensory function like vision is significantly related to the differences feeding habits. P. malabaricus is a carnivore, which feeds upon motile prey like shrimps and small fishes and hence is characterized by a well-developed optic tectum.

4 illus, 23 ref

013622   Aman S;Sah S (Zoology Dep, S. M. College, Bhagalpur) : Quantitative analysis of protein, glycogen and cholesterol in the body muscles of fresh water carp, Labeo rohita (Ham.). Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(1), 62-4.

In the body muscles of Labeo rohita the quantitative analysis of protein, giycogen and cholesterol was carried out and was found in the following order respectively. Protein : Mesio dorsal <62>Mesio ventral <62>Latero dorsal. Giycogen : Latero dorsal <62> Mesio ventral <62> Mesio dorsal. Cholesterol : Latero dorsal <62> Mesio Ventral <62> Mesio dorsal. From these findings it has been concluded that white muscle fibres have higher concentration of protein whereas red muscle fibres have higher concentration of giycogen as well as cholesterol.

2 table, 20 ref

013621   Akhtar R (Zoology Dep, Univ of Jammu, Jammu-180 006) : Seasonal fluctuation of rotifers and cladoceran in high altitude pond sarkoot located in district Kishtwar of Jammu and Kashmir. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2009, 29(3), 393-7.

Rotifers and Cladocerans form an important component of zooplanktonic community and are a natural resource of food for higher organisms, including fishes. They inhabit diverse habitats. In present study fourteen species of rotifers and few species of c1adocerans were recorded from Sarkoot pond located at Kishtwar in Doda district of Jammu and Kashmir state.

1 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

013620   Aher S K;Mane U H;Pawar B A (Zoology Dep, New Arts, Commerce and Science College, Ahmednagar-414 001, Email: e-ahersk@smail.com) : Electrophoretic protein profiles of different tissues of Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck) from Kagdipura swamp. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2009, 29(3), 413-17.

Electrophoretic protein pattern of different tissues viz. gonad, hepatopancreas, foot, mantle, gill, anterior adductor muscle, posterior adductor muscle and siphon of Lamellidens marginalis from Kagdipura swamp was studied during summer season (2001). Study revealed that, protein bands were found to be maximum (5) in the foot while minimum (2) in the mantle. Among the different tissues, total 6 different protein bands were observed, ranged from 0.0408 REM and 86,377 Da to 0.9592 REM and 10,943 Da. It was pointed out that protein band III with REM 0.3673 and M W 41,440 Da was occurred only in gills. It was found that fast moving fractions were occurred in all the tissues, slow moving protein fractions were absent in the gills whereas intermediate fractions were absent in case of the anterior and posterior adductor muscles, mantle and gonad. It was pointed out that the proteins of specific molecular weight are present in specific physiological important tissues and decrease in the number of protein fractions and simplification of molecular structure might be due to functional requirements of the tissue.

1 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

012456   Yadav M;Paliwal A K;Dubey R K (Zoology Dep, S.C.G. (P.G.) College, Manipur-205 001) : Longevity of Damalinia equi (Denny) (Mallophaga) on various food sources in artificial conditions. Ind Res Commun 2010, 4(2), 157-8.

Report is on the longevity of Damalinia equi (Denny) in laboratory on various food sources. It was observed that adult lice survived maximum 22 days on host tissue and 21 days on skin scurf at 37°C temperature and 65-70% relative humidity. Further hairs fibres used as food material, the lice did not survived longer then 7 days at same temperature and relative humidity. The optimum conditions for the survivability of Damalinia equi (Denny) are 37°C temperature and 65-70% relative humidity

2 illus, 2 tables, 6 ref

012455   Wadaan M A M (Zoology Dep, College of Sciences, King Saud Univ, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh-11451, Email: wadaan@hotmail.com) : Effect of arsenic exposure in rats on the blood chemistry of serum and histopathology of liver. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2009, 21(1), 129-36.

Arsenic poisoning is caused by its exposure via drinking water and is considered as a worldwide problem. Exposure to arsenic has been linked with a myriad of possible health effects. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate alterations in the blood serum indexes and histological changes in liver of male rats exposed to arsenic (50ppm) in their drinking water for eight weeks. Blood was collected for serum analysis of various indexes and the animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation for the collection of their liver for histopathologica! studies. Almost all the serum indexes analyzed in the present study were altered significantly in the arsenic exposed animals. The damage in liver tissue was prominent and degenerative and necrotic changes were observed in almost every area of the tissue. The blood indexes studied herein may serve as potential biomarkers for arsenic induced hepatotoxicosis that may affect the general health of the animals. A well planed data base of regularly updated arsenic level of different areas of Saudi Arabia would help in processing the water and provide As free water for consumption and avoiding deleterious effects of As exposure through drinking water.

2 illus, 1 table, 23 ref

012454   Verma D;Paliwal A (P.G. Zoology Dep, Ganjdundwara P.G. College, Ganjdundwara) : Biodiversity of Collembola (Insecta : Apterygota) from the Keoladev National Park, Bharatpur (Rajasthan). Life Sci Bull 2009, 6(2), 133-6.

Keoladev National Park has been extensively studied for its avian life studies but now the insect diversity have also been initiated. Present investigation describe first consolidated record of collembolan insects involving 14 species, 12 genera of 04 families from Keoladev National Park, Bharatpur (Rajasthan) and its environs. Due to their jumping habits, collembolan are called as "springtails". They are wingless, small, delicate and soft bodied insects which occurs in wet and damp surroundings. Collembolans are also called as soil microarthropods taking part in decomposition of litter of Indian soil, hence improving the soil fertility. They infest human dwellings and economically causing damage to certain crops especially to wheat and sugarcane crops. The collected species were belongs to 04 families i.e. Tomoceridae Borner, Sminthuridae Lubbock, Isotomidae Borner and Entomobryidae Tomosvary.

1 table, 6 ref

012453   Verma A;Verma R K;Mehra M (Zoology Dep, St. Johns College, Agra-282 003) : Collembolan community influenced by abiotic factors in nacot village area of Uttarakhand state (District - Pithoragarh). Ind Res Commun 2010, 4(2), 169-70.

Springtails are frequently found in leaf litter and other decaying material, where they are primarily detritivores and microbivors, and one of the main biological agents responsible for the control and the dissemination of soil micro organisms. Collembola grouped is one of the reputed to be one of the most abundant of all macroscopic animals. The main global warming effect driving the local distribution of species is the vertical stratification of the environment. As a group, springtails are highly sensitive to temperature, because of their tegumentary respiration. The horizontal distribution of springtails species in Nacot village area is affected by environmental factors which act at the landscape scale, such as soil acidity, moisture light and temperature. The investigation deals with a comparative study of Collembolan population recorded from five different areas (Forest, grassland, cropland, polluted cropland and a temperate grassland) of Nacot village. The Collembola has been reported to be numerically in temperate grassland and forest and lower in cropland and polluted ecosystem.

1 table, 9 ref

012452   Varghese M;Krishnan L (NO, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Post Box No. 1603, Kochi-682 018, Email: mollykandathil@hotmail.com) : Distribution of zooplankton in selected centres of Cochin backwaters, Kerala. J Mar Biol Ass India 2009, 51(2), 194-8.

Seventeen groups of zooplankton were recorded from nine stations located in the Cochin backwaters during the period from August 2000 to July 2002. Quantitative and qualitative distributions of these groups in the nine stations are presented. Out of the 17 zooplankton groups, 16 groups were recorded from station I (Vypeen) as well as from station VI (Cochin Fisheries Harbour) and the number of groups were minimum (9) at station V (Eloor). The density of zooplankton was maximum at station II (Puthuvypu) followed by station III (Narakkal) with 42% and 39% respectively and the zooplankton density was minimum at station V (Eloor), with 0.66% of the total. Among the different groups of zooplankton available in this area, a maximum of 52% composed of rotifers, followed by copepods which formed 40%. Stationwise studies indicated the dominance of rotifers at stations II, III and VIII while copepods contributed to the maximum in all the other six stations. The results of ANOVA indicated that the variations in zooplankton between stations were highly significant.

3 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

012451   Thorat B S;Jadhav B V (Zoology Dep, Vasant Mahavidyalaya, Kaij Dist. Beed, Maharashtra) : New species of the genus Amoeobotaenia (Cohn, 1900) from Gallus domesticus at Soygaon dist. Aurangabad, Maharashtra. Life Sci Bull 2009, 6(2), 179-81.

Deals with a new species of the genus Amoebotaenia. The present worm differs from the known species in having number of proglottids 44, rostellar hooks 46, neck absent, testes 53-56, cirrus pouch oval, ovary transversely elongated, bilobed, marginally irregular, vagina thin tube and opening posterior to vas deferens, vitelline gland posterior to ovary, oval.

1 illus, 7 ref

012450   Tamrakar K;Sao R (Zoology Dep, Government Science Post Graduate College, Bilaspur, Chhattishgarh) : Studies on insect pests and population dynamics in multi-tier agro-forestry system. Life Sci Bull 2009, 6(2), 127-32.

The studies were undertaken to study the population dynamics in multi-tier agro-forestry system. The experiment was conducted at the experimental research farm, Department of Forestry, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (C.G.) during October' 2005 to May' 2006. In this investigation fortnightly observations were recorded on Jatropha (Jatropha curcas), Mangium (Acacia mangiuni), Aonla (Emblica officinalis) and Meetha neem (Murraya koenigii) for different types of insect pests. The data was correlated with meteorological factors. Results clearly indicated that Jatropha was found to be infested by blue bug (Chrysocoris purpureus), blotch minor (Stotnphosistis thraustica) and coccids (unidentified). Cow bug (Tricentrus bicolor) was the only pest found in Mangium. In ease of Aonla shoot gall maker (Hypolamprus stylophora) was observed in Some extent. Meetha neem was found to be infested, with citrus black fly (Aleurocanthus woglumi), leaf twister caterpillar (Tonica zizyphi) and coccids (unidentified).

3 illus, 5 tables, 10 ref

012449   Srinivasa Rao D;Srinivasa Rao M;Annapurna C (Zoology Dep, Noble College, Machilipatnam-521 001, Email: cannapurna@rediffmail.com) : Polychaete community structure of Vasishta Godavari Estuary, east coast of India. J Mar Biol Ass India 2009, 51(2), 137-44.

The community structure of polychaete fauna from the Vasishta Godavari estuary was analyzed in this study. The data presented in this paper were collected during 1976 - 78 and published in 1983, and now re-analysed using PRIMER 6.1, CANOCO 4.5. The polychaetes were collected from a 16 km stretch of the lower Vasishta Godavari estuary (16°18'N lat., 81°42'E long.) during flood, summer and recovery seasons at 6 permanent stations. Altogether 216 sediment samples were analysed and 73 polychaete taxa were identified. Polychaete diversity was higher (Shannon-Wiener H': 1.94±0.28) in samples from recovery season relative to summer season (H': 1.54±0.44) and flood season (H': 1.44±0.024). Using multivariate statistical techniques two polychaete associations could be recognised from the Vasishta Godavari estuary, namely Hetemmastus similis, Nephthys oligobranchia and Indonereis gopalai assemblage Group 1 (samples from recovery and summer season) and Group 2 (samples from flood season). Group 2 did not reveal any particular species from flood season samples. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that sand, salinity, clay and temperature have influenced the polychaete distribution. This study therefore provides key information on the biodiversity of polychaete communities of the Vasishta Godavari estuary.

7 illus, 4 tables, 23 ref

012448   Sahu U;Roy M;Gupta N (Zoology Dep, Govt. V.Y.T.P.G. Autonoumous College, Durg, Chhattishgarh) : Pathological alterations in spleen of Japanese quail. Life Sci Bull 2009, 6(2), 155-8.

Spontaneous pathological lesions were observed in the spleen of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in Durg district. A total 501 spleen were observed out of which 30 found to be affected (5.98%). Observation of gross pathological lesions and histopathological study revealed hemorrhage (6 cases 20%), necrosis (12 cases 40%), amyloidosis (2 cases 6.66%) and depletion of lymphocytes(10 cases, 33.33%). Main gross lesions recognized were congestion, disorganization of normal architecture of spleen, infiltrations of erythrocytes and leukocytes, petechial hemorrhage, amyloid deposition and necrotic fosse.

6 illus, 1 table, 18 ref

012447   Magdum S;Banerjee S (Zoology Dep, K.T.H.M. College, Gangapur Road, Nashik, Maharashtra) : Effects of plumbagin on reproduction performance in Dysdercus koenigii Fabr. Life Sci Bull 2009, 6(2), 195-200.

Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4 napthoquinone) a naturally occurring napthoquinone is known for its insecticidal, antifeedant, growth regulatory, sterilant and physiological effects against insects. The present investigation is a first systematic attempt to study effect of this quinone on the mating behaviour,fecundity and fertility of the red cottonbug-Dysdercus koenigii. One day old adult Dysdercus koenigii were treated ventrolaterally with different doses of plumbagin in three different groups viz; untreated males x treated females, treated males x untreated females and treated males x treated females. A control group of untreated males x untreated females, was simultaneously set up with each experimental group. Adverse effect of plumbagin on egg laying (duration after mating), number of eggs laid, number of hatching and subsequent moulting was observed in experimental groups in comparison to the control group. The sterility increases with higher doses of the compound and was highest when both the sexes were treated.

3 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

012446   Joslin P J (Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology Dep, St. Mary's College, Tuticorin-628 001, Email: joslinmathias@ymail.com) : Some aspects of biology of threadfin bream Nemipterus delagoae from tuticorin waters. J Mar Biol Ass India 2009, 51(2), 231-3.

Length - weight relationship, food and fecundity of the threadfm bream, Nemipterus delagoae collected from Tuticorin waters were studied. The length - weight relationship of N. delagoae was estimated as Log W = -1.2418 + 2.4894 Log L (r = 0.9668). The major food items were crustaceans and fishes. The fecundity increased with increase in length and weight of the fish (745 to 5392).

1 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

012445   Haresh Kumar;Singh K (Zoology Dep, R. B. S. College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh) : Selective use of insecticides for control of armoured scale, Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (Signoret) (Homoptera : Coccoidea : Diaspididae). Life Sci Bull 2009, 6(2), 201-4.

Abgrallaspis cyanophylli (Signoret) is a common armoured scale insect, which infests on fruitage of commercial and ornamental trees and plants all over the world. These scale insects damage the leaves, bark and fruits of its hosts. Studied the chemical control of this pest by three different organophosphate insecticides, which are dimathoate, malathion and chloropyrifos. The above insecticides tested against this pest on heavily infested plant of Psidium guajava orchard, which is located near village Hasanpur, 17 kilometer away from R.B.S. College, Agra. These insecticides were sprayed on different groups of plants with knapsack sprayer, after 15 days of first spray the counting of the living and dead stages of the pest has been done by the sampling counting method. Second set of heavy infested Psidium guajava plant were treated twice at the interval of 10 days. We found dsmethoate as a most effective insecticide, than malathion and chloropyrifos which were less effective.

2 illus, 2 tables, 9 ref

012444   Al-Suwiti I N (Zoology Dep, College of Science, King Saud Univ, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh-11451, Email: ibrahm333@hotmail.com) : Effect of sublethal concentration of cadmium chloride on the alkaline phosphatase and protein in gills and muscle of Oreochromis niloticus collected from Wadi hanifa stream Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2009, 21(1), 121-4.

The freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus, were exposed to cadmium for 18 days Alkaline phosphates and protein in gills and muscle were measured. The activity of (ALP) increased significantly in treated tissue compared with those of control, but the activity of protein is significantly decrease with those of control. These results revealed that cadmium effect the metabolism of O. niloticus and the enzyme (ALP) can work as good biomarker of contamination.

2 tables, 13 ref

012443   Al-Suwiti I N (Zoology Dep, College of Science, King Saud Univ, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh-11451, Email: ibrahm333@hotmail.com) : Arsenic and cadmium levels in some commercial fish species collected from red sea "Shoggaig coast" jazzan south of Saudi Arabia. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2009, 21(1), 25-8.

Cadmium and Arsenic were assessed in some organs (gill and liver) of three species Epinephelus chdostigma, Plectropomus maculates, Scants Chobban collected from Red sea. The present results showed that the high concentration in all organs of all fishes were found in cadmium than those of Arsenic. These results indicate that the analysis of Cd and As in different organs might be a useful as bioindicator for trace metals pollution in sea water due to their ability to rapidly accumulation and retain them in their tissues for long period of time.

2 tables, 10 ref

012442   Al-Suwiti I N (Zoology Dep, College of Science, King Saud Univ, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh-11451, Email: ibrahm333@hotmail.com) : Cooper, mercury and chromium levels in some commercial fish species from red sea "Shoggig coast" jazzan south of Saudi Arabia. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2009, 21(1), 1-4.

Studies of the accumulation of Copper, Mercury, Chromium was carried out in the liver and gill of three species Epinephelus chdostigma, Plectropomus maculates and Scarus chobban collected from Red sea Shogagi coast at different sites. The concentration of Copper, Mercury and Chromium were found to follow the order liver <62> gill. The influence offish body, length and type on the metals accumulation in the tested fishes organ was critically investigated. The detected metal level were generally similar to Arabian Gulf fishes "pervious studies". The studies concludes that the marine fish from Red sea are clean and do not constitute a risk from human health.

3 tables, 14 ref

011350   Vijayakumari K N;Ebrahim A (Zoology Dep, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam) : Haematological effects of sublethal concentration of nuvacron on Clarias Gariepinus (Burchell, 1822). J Zool Soc Kerala 2010, 13(1-2), 69-74.

Exposure of fish Glorias gariepinus to a sub lethal concentration of an organo-phosphate insecticide Nuvacron, induced lowering of total erythrocyte count (TEC) and haemoglobin content (Hb) and an elevation of haematocrit (Ht) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESK). Erythrocyte constants mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and erythrocyte indices volume index (VI) and colour index (CI) were higher than that of control fishes. The sum total of the effect of sub lethal concentration (30 ppm) of nuvacron for 48 hrs., on the haematological makeup of C. gariepinus was macrocytosis and hyperchromia.

1 tables, 15 ref

011349   Vaish D;Singh R K;Bajpai A (Zoology Dep, Govt. Home Science P.G. College, Hoshangabad) : Zooplankton diversity by using simpson's index of Betwa river in Madhya Pradesh. Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(2), 285-8.

Betwa is one of the most important river of Madhya Pradesh. Among the other rivers Betwa river is also facing the problem of depletion of biological diversity. During the period of study an attempt is made to assess the number of zooplankton species with their diversity with the help of Simpson's diversity Index, at three stations, covering approximate 185 kms. of river. At some stations higher numbers of zooplanktons were recorded due to depth of river and availability of water etc.

5 illus, 3 tables, 8 ref

011348   Uttam Kumar;Garg S;Choudhary S (NO, S K Mahila College, Begusarai, Bihar) : Status of zooplanktons in the Chaurs of Begusarai district (Bihar). Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(2), 51-9.

The District Begusarai, an important district in the state of Bihar lies on the Northern bank of river Ganges.. Chaurs (Wetland) are highly productive ecosystem and present the diverse ecological conditions, they support rich variety of biotic communities like planktons, macrophytes, benthos, insects and other weed associated fauna, periphyton etc. The relative abundance and dominance of these groups vary in different chaurs, depending on their hydrodynamics and morpho-ecological conditions. They also vary from season to season within the same chaur. The plankton study in the wetlands of North Bihar is still wanting. Therefore, this study has been taken up. Zooplanktons are the central trophic link between primary producers and higher trophic levels. The freshwater zooplankton comprise of Protozoa, Rotifers, Cladocerans, Copepods and Ostracods. Generally, population of plankton in the flood plain wetland is low during the monsoon season and increases thereafter when the environment becomes stable and the plankton population establishes utilizing inorganic nutrients and organic matter brought in by the incoming flood or run-off waters. The plankton populations recorded during winters were many fold higher than those of enumerated during monsoon months.

6 illus, 3 table, 30 ref

011347   Tiwari S;Shah K;Gopesh A (Zoology Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Email: shailytiwari11@gmail.com ) : Presence of pseudobranch in a hill-stream fish, Barilius bendelisis. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2010, 33(5-6), 187-92.

Pseudobranch, a modified posterior hemibranch of the man-dibular gill arch in teleosts, has been thoroughly studied in fishes and has been found to display a wide range of variation with regard to its topography, structure, organization and func tion. It has been found to be present in elasmobranch and in most of the actinopterygian fishes, except two groups, the Anguillilbnnes and Siluroidei. Although extensively studied in fresh water carps, no account is available for hill-stream fishes. With an objective to study this structure in hill-stream fish present investigation was undertaken. The structure and organization of the pseudobranch in a hill-stream fish, Barilius bendelisis is described for the first time. The pseudobranch in Barilius bendelisis is well developed and resembles closely with the covered type of pseudobranch, observed in arps.

^ssc3 illus, 24 ref

011346   Tharakan J;Inasu N D;Sebastian H (P.G. and Research Zoology Dep, Christ College, Irinjalakuda) : Comparative study on sex ratios in Puntius amphibius, Puntius parrah and Puntius sarana subnasutus. J Zool Soc Kerala 2010, 13(1-2), 5-14.

Considerable variation from the ideal sex-ratio 1:1 was observed in the cases of Pimtius amphibius, Puntius parrah and Puntius sarana subnasutus. In Puntius amphibius the male female ratio was found to be 1:1.85 where the male female ratio was 1:1.79 and 1:1.9 in Puntius parrah and Puntius sarana subnasutus respectively. In P. amphibius males were dominant up to 80 mm T1 and there after females become dominant and beyond 90 mm mainly females were encountered. In P. parrah males were dominant up to the length group of 76mm T1. Beyond 90 mm mainly females were encountered. In P. sarana subnasutus males were dominant up to 140 mm T1 and there after females become dominant. Beyond 200 mm mainly females were encountered.

3 illus, 6 tables, 9 ref

011345   Suryawanshi S G;Mhakse D K;Pawar S B;Shinde G B (Zoology Dep, Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji College, Shrigonda, Dist. Ahmednagar) : New cestode on Moniezia (Blanchariezia) caprae n.s.p. from Capra hircus. Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(2), 243-6.

Moniezia (Blanchariezia) Caprae n.sp. is described morphologically, taxonomically and anatomically from the intestine of goat, Copra hirais is different from all known species of the genus in shape and size of scolex; shape of mature segments; in number and position of testes; shape and position of ovary; number and size of interproglottid glands; in shape, size and position of vitelline gland; position of cirrus pouch and reported from the host.

1 illus, 14 ref

011344   Srivastava U C;Chauhan P (Zoology Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-211 002) : Morphological differences among pyramidal neurons in parietal lobe of a carnivore, Indian mongoose, Herpestes edwardsii. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2010, 33(3-4), 89-94.

Golgi and Nissl methods were employed to study phenotypic variations of pyramidal neurons and cytoarchitecture of parietal lobe in mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii). The parietal iso-cortex is relatively thin in the mongoose as compared to pro-totheria with layer III, V and VI accounting for more than two-thirds of total cortical thickness. Cell free layer I and thinnest layer II are quite in connotation with typical eutherian pattern. The parietal isocortex, responsible for somatosensa-tion. is predominantly populated by pyramidal neurons which make up 76% (184/242) of total neurons encountered in our Golgi-Colonnier preparations. Most of these pyramidal cells are of 'typical' type as seen in eutherians but were found to differ significantly in terms of soma shape and size, extent of dendritic arbor, diameter of dendrites and spine density among different cortical layers. Percentage of pyramidal neurons and diameter of dendrites in mongoose were much higher than that in prototheria but characters like spine density and extent of dendrites did not show any specific pattern and were found to differ among cortical layers. Concludes that pyramidal neurons in parietal isocortex are similar in therians but different from prototherians and it is possible that these cells might have arisen among early therians. Percentage of pyramidal neurons and diameter of dendrites appear to follow an increasing evolutionary trend from primitive to advanced mammals but characters like spine density and extent of dendrites are probably governed by the specific life patterns of these mammals.

2 illus, 1 table, 28 ref

011343   Sinha P;Sinha R (Zoology Dep, A N College, Patna) : Ameliorating effect of tulsi in restoring the HB% and RBC count in swiss albino mice exposed to endosulfan. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(2), 109-12.

Endosulfan is a chlorinated cyclodiene pesticide used in agricultural practices. Its use has greatly enhanced chances of its exposure to animals and human beings. Endosulfan is highly acutely toxic via the oral and inhalation routes of exposure with LD₅₀ and LC₅₀ values. Observations were made to study the mitigating effect of treatment with Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) for one, two and four consecutive weeks on reduced level of Hb and RBC count in adult female swiss albino mice, Mus musculus exposed to endosulfan for fo'ir weeks. Blood samples were collected from control, endosulfan treated and Tulsi treated specimen and analysed. Treatment with Tulsi helped in restoring these haematological parameters and the effect increased with the duration of treatment.

2 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

011342   Singh V;Singh R (Entomology Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125004) : Effect of Datura metal seed methanol extract and its fractions on the biology and ovipositional behaviour of Helicoverpa armigera. J med aromatic Pl Sci 2008, 30(2), 157-63.

Methanolic extract (at 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%) of Datura metel seeds and the fractions (at 0.5,1.0,1.5 and 2.0%) of methanolic extract in hexane, benzene, acetone and chloroform were tested against Helicoverpa arrnigera (Hubner) under laboratory conditions. Higher concentrations (7.5 and 10.0%) of methanolic extract and fractions (1.5 and 2.0%) caused significant adverse effects on various-biological parameters viz. larval survival, weight and duration, pupal period, % pupation and adult emergence. These concentrations also affected consumption-utilization indices namely, consumption index, growth rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested and digested food and assimilation efficiency of larvae. Antifeedancy against larvae among different treatments was moderate ranging from 7.01 to 41.15%. There was substantial reduction in the oviposition preference of females under choice, no-choice and without actual contact situations in different treatments. When the adults were offered extract and fractions treated diets, females laid 147 to 237 eggs as compared to control with 240 eggs. Higher concentrations of extract and fractions also showed pronounced ovicidal action. Among fractions, chloroform fraction was most effective.

5 table, 2o ref

011341   Singh S;Singh A P;Singh M;Singh N (Zoology Dep, School of Life Sciences, Khandari Campus, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Univ, Agra) : Biology of Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon) infesting Pisum sativum. Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(2), 289-91.

The Agromyzidae is a family of acalyptrate Diptera found in all zoogeographical region of the world. Agromyzidae are phytophagous, the larvae feeding exclusively in the internal tissue of plants. Feeding punctures made by adult females can be particularly damaging seedling and young plants. The survival of the pea leafminer Ophiomyia phaseoli was observed at different level of relative humidity from 65% RH to 85% RH. The maximum survival rates occurred at 75% RH of different life stages. In India Ophiomyia phaseoli (Tryon) is major polyphagous pest of bean plants especially Pisum sativum. So its bioiogical study is necessary for protection of crops from its severe attacks. The differences in the rate of egg laying primarily depends upon the time during the course of oviposition period and variation in temperature and humidity. The fecundity is very high during early period of oviposition and gradually declines with the time. Thus, it is clear that high temperature and humidity are the responsible factors which accelerate development.

4 tables, 12 ref

011340   Singh R;Shomorendra M;Kar D (Life Science Dep, Assam (Central) Univ, Silchar, Email: devashishkar@yahoo.com) : Helminth parasites of the fishes of Dolu lake, Silchar (Assam). Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(2), 223-5.

The study represents a preliminary survey of the helminth parasites of the fishes of Dolu lake, Silchar, Assam and reports 4 groups of helminth parasite in 336 individual fishes. The fishes which were examined during the study period belonged to 7 orders, 13 families and 18 species. From the fishes examined, 48 specimens (14.28%) were parasitized by one or more groups of helminth parasites. A total of 263 parasite individuals have been found to be infected in fishes examined, belonging to 4 different groups of Helminthes. Among them, two parasites belonged to class Trematoda, three to Nematoda, three to Cestoda and two to Acanthocephala.

2 tables, 31 ref

011339   Shunmugavelu M;Karthikeyani R (Zoology Dep, Vivekananda College, Thiruvedagam West-625 217) : Spider fauna of the family araneidae from kumbakarai falls, theni district, Tamil Nadu, South India. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(2), 25-31.

An attempt was made to elicit and assess the diversity and distribution of spider fauna of the family Aranedae from Kumbakarai Falls, Theni District, Tamilnadu, South India. Besides the scientific knowledge up to species level, habits, habitats, bionomics morphometry and behaviour of spiders have been studied. Five species belonging to five genera of spiders were recorded in Kumbakarai falls.

4 illus, 6 table, 12 ref

011338   Shukunthalamma L;Katre S;Meera B K (Zoology Dep, B M S College for Women, Bangalore-560 004, Email: shakunthala_shre@yahoo.co.in) : Comparative studies on the morphological variations of swimbladder in selected species of siluriformes. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(2), 33-40.

Sound is an important means of communication in the aquatic environment. The teleost gas bladder is known to have many functions-buoyancy control, respiration, sound production and sound transmission. This structure is also considered as an accessory auditory organ in some fishes. Fishes make considerable use of sound for communication in the detection of prey and predators, warning, defense and learning about their environment. The swimbladder in Siluriformes, enhance mechano-sensory function by coupling with lateral line weberian ossicles and inner ear.in some fishes, the anterior part of the swimbladder is encapsulated by bone called camera aerea weberiana to varying extents. In addition to this, the bony capsule of the bladder has acoustic window, through lateral trunk channels stretch from the swimbladder to the outer body wall through lateral line canal, helps in enhancing the hearing sensitivity of swimbladder to sound. The swim bladders of H.f. and C.b. are dumbbell shaped enclosed in an incomplete bony capsule. The posterior ramus of tripus -4th weberian ossicle, is enclosed in the dorsal wall of the swimbladder on either side. The lateral ends of the bladder lies close to the lateral line canal, results in the formation of laterophysic connection. The swimbtadders of M.b. and O.b. situated freely in the abdominal cavity, they are large triangular shaped structures with out encapsulation, regarded as primitive character of these fishes phylogenetically. Internally the bladder is divided into three chambers. The anterolateral comer of the bladder communicate with the lateral line by means of acoustic window, foming laterophysic connection. Posterior ramus of tripus articulates with Os suspensorium, embedded in the dorsal wall of the swimbladder on either side. The wall of the gas bladder appears to cause rocking motion of the Os and tripus and the gas pulsations are transmitted through the weberian ossicles into the inner ear without getting weakened. The morphological variations of the swimbladder in these selected fishes play an important role in better sound transmission to weberian ossicles from lateral line.

6 illus, 14 ref

011337   Sharma M;Dube P (Zoology Dep, S.R.D. Modi College, Kota) : Bioaccumulation and elimination of mercury in Channa punctatus (Bl.). Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(2), 265-6.

Bioaccumulation and elimination was studied on Channa punctatus (B1.). Fishes under study were exposed to sub-lethal levels (0.004, 0.008, 0.013 and 0.017 mg/l) of mercury The exposure period was 45th days followed by 15th days restoration to mercury free water. The accumulation of mercury was studied in some vital organs of the fish, i.e. liver, brain, gill, kidney, stomach, spleen, muscles and ovary at the interval of 7th, 15th, 30th, 45th and 60th days using the cold vapour atomic absorption spectrophotometery. Results based on accumulation values on 45th day showed that accumulation of mercury was highest in spleen and lowest in gills. The accumulation factor was highest at the lowest exposure which gradually decreases with increasing level of exposure.

1 table, 5 ref

011336   Shakeet P;Bakshi S (Zoology Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004) : Histopathology of gonads of Chrotogonus trachypterus (Blanchard) treated with sublethal doses of monocrotophos. Karnataka J agric Sci 2009, 22(Spl), 507-10.

Histopathological effect of 176.95 and 75.5 ppm sublethal dose of monocrotophos 36 SL on gonads of female and male of surface grasshopper, Chrotogonns trachypterus (Blanchard), respectively were examined at 12,24 and 48 h after dose administration. In 12 h of dose treatment, disintegration of cytoplasm, appearing of giant cells, degeneration of cytoplasm so formation of spaces and vacuoles and some scattered spermatozoa were observed in testes. In ovary, follicular cells showed pycnosis, cytoplasm contract so the formation of cavity and space observed fragmentation appeared in nuclear material and nucleus of ovariole showed karyorrhexis. After 24 h clumping of chromatin material observed and some ghost cells appeared in testes. In ovary, follicular cells started multiplication to fill up the space, and hypertrophied follicular cells also appeared. In 48 h spaces and vacuoles increased, spermatogonia and spermatocytes became pycnotic and hypertrophied spermatozoa were observed in the testes. In ovary, yolk bodies converted into dead yolk mass and shrinkage of ovariole was observed. Damages caused both in testes and ovaries were directly correlated with the prolongation of the time period. As the time period increased damage to nuclear material and cytoplasmic material subsequently increased.

17 illus, 21 ref

011335   Saxena P N;Shukla A;Saxena N;Arya J (Zoology Dep, Toxicology Laboratory School of Life Sciences, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Univ, Agra-282 002) : Assessment of hepatoprotective role of Eucalyptus tereticornis leaf extract in Rattus norvegicus after vanadium intoxication. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2010, 33(3-4), 95-101.

The protective effect of Eucalyptus tereticornis leaf extract and its potency has been compared with Liv.52 following V₂O₅ induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. LD₅₀ estimated for V₂O₅ was 69.6 mg/kg b.wt. The administered doses of V₂O₅, were LD₅₀/10th for acute and 1/7th, l/14th and 1/21th of sublethal dose for subacute (7, 14 and 21 ds) respectively. Body weight, liver weight and hepatosomatic index were assessed. Hepatotoxicity was assessed in terms of hepatic total proteins, total lipids and total cholesterol. V₂O₅ intoxication significantly increased liver weight, hepatosomatic index, total lipids and total cholesterol, while significantly decreased body weight and total proteins. Pretreatment with dose of 100 mg/kg b.wt of Eucalyptus tereticornis leaf extract and 0.125 ml/kg b.wt. of Liv.52 syrup restored the increased liver weight, hepatosomatic index, total lipids and total cholesterol and decreased parameters like body weight and total proteins toward normalcy. The results reveal that Eucalyptus tereticornis leaf extract modulates V₂O₅ toxicity like well known hepatoprotectant, however the modulation is less than Liv.52.

^ssc3 tables, 43 ref

011334   Saxena P N;Gupta S;Saxena N (Zoology Dep, Toxicology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Khandari Campus, Dr., Agra-282 002) : Toxic effects of cobalt chloride on hepatic merker ezymes in albino rat. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2010, 33(7-8), 259-62.

Exposure to any heavy metal can disturb the metabolic activities in the animals. In the present study changes in hepatic biochemistry after acute and subacute treatment with cobalt chloride have been registered in albino rat (Rattus norvegicus). Albino rats werc randomized into two groups. Group one comprised of acute (1d) and sub-acute (7. 14. 21. 28ds) treatment of cobalt chloride (LD₅₀ = 1166.80m/lkg body wt) and-group two of control for both acute and subacute groups. Cobalt chloride was orally introduced in bothacute and subacute groups. Hepatic phosphatases and transaminases revealed significant alterations, which aregenerally responsible for normal functioning of liver. The levels of ALP and ACP were significantly increasedatter acute and subacute treatment due to destruction of cell membrane of lysosomes. while AST and ALT also increased significantly under toxic stress of cobalt chloride on hepatocytes.

1 illus, 29 ref

011333   Saxena A;Singh S (Zoology Dep, School of Life Sciences, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Univ, Agra) : Effect of toxicity of an organophosphorus intoxicant phorate on liver cholesterol of Channa punctatus (Bloch.). Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(2), 279-80.

Pesticides are used in large quantity for controlling pests which incidence of fish mortality. The effect of phoratc at different time intervals 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours was studied on total cholesterol in Channa punctatus (Bloch.). Cholesterol level is elevating non-significantiy. Increment may be due to hepatic dysfunctioning.

1 tables, 13 ref

011332   Sangeeta O;Shomorendra M;Kar D (Life Sciences Dep, Assam (Central) Univ, Silchar, Email: devashishkar@yahoo.com) : Seasonal occurrence of fish nematodes of Oinam lake in Bishnupur district of Manipur. Life Sci Bull 2010, 7(2), 259-61.

The study was done on the occurrence of nematodes in some fishes of Oinam wetland in Bishnupur district Manipur. Fish species like Anabas testudineus, Channagachua, Clarias batmchus were found to be regularly infected with nematode parasites. Parasites Camallanus anabantis, Paraquimperia manipurensis, Pamgendria sp., Philometra sp., Haplonema sp. and Chabimdus sp, were recorded almost in every months showing their abundance.

2 tables, 17 ref

011331   Sakal I D;Maurya R C;Srivastava U C (Zoology Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-211 002) : Quantitative neuronal diversity in the cerebral cortex of Calotes versicolor (Daudin, 1802). Natn Acad Sci Lett 2010, 33(5-6), 171-6.

The study, based on neurohistological techniques (Nissl-staining, Golgi impregnation), focuses on the cytoarchi-tecture and quantitative neuronal diversity of the cerebral cortex in the C. versicolor. The cerebral cortex in reptiles occupies the roof of the cerebral hemisphere. The cerebral cortex of the Calotes is divided into four regions viz. medial, dor-somedial, dorsal and lateral cortex. The cerebral cortex shows three layers in all regions named as outer plexiform layer, cell layer and inner plexiform layer. Using different characteristics such as criteria of location, dendritic tree pattern, dendritic spine covering and soma shape five types of neurons have been distinguished in the cell layer-II of medial cortex, seven types in both the dorsomedial and dorsal cortex whereas only three types have been observed in the lateral cortex. The mul-tipolar and pyramidal types of neuron are dominant neuronal types in the cerebral cortex of C. versicolor. These two well developed neurons in birds and mammals show evidences for homologous structures in evolutionary sequences.

1 illus, 1 table, 29 ref

011330   Sahay M (Zoology Dep, S M College, Bhagalpur, Bihar) : Toxic effect of aflatoxin on mitotic index and mitotic chromosomes of rats & mice. Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(2), 97-103.

Aflatoxins are secondary heterocyclic metabolits of Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. These toxins are found in a variety of food and feed materials that have been infested by the toxigenic strain(s) of fungi. Mycotoxicosis is the resulting disease syndrome in the host due to ingestion of mycotoxin contaminated food and feed. In the present experiment the cytological effects were screened in mitotic chromosomes. Besides this, the effect of the toxin on mitotic index was calculated, as this parameter is an index of the "health" of the tissue concerned. The mitotic index decreased significantly 16.93±0.74% in the control and 12.62±0.70 in the treated animals (t_tdjff= 4.18, p<60>0.05). Both chromosomal and chromatidal types of aberrations were detected. This suggests that the toxin could affect both the synthetic(s) and post synthetic(G+M) stages of interphase.

16 illus, 3 table, 10 ref

011329   Rema L P (Zoology Dep, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam, Kerala) : Role of ninhydrin positive substances in adaptation to saliity stress in Anabas testudineus. J Zool Soc Kerala 2010, 13(1-2), 15-20.

Lysosomal membrane permeability increased with increase in salinity. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that lysosomal hydrolysis is a source of free amino acids during adaptation of fish to increased salinity.

4 tables, 6 ref

011328   Prabhakar A K;Singh J N;Prasad S;Ahsan W; Razauddin M D;Waquas S;Ranjan Kumar (Zoology Dep, Magadh Univ, Bodh Gaya, Bihar) : Blood in relation to ambient water temperature and different periods of breeding cycle in an air breathing siluroid fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn). Proc Zool Soc India 2010, 9(2), 79-84.

Investigations were made on different haematological parameters in Clarias batrachus (Linn) at two environmental temperature (18° C and 32.5° C) and different periods of breeding cycles. The RBC counts (3.02 10⁶/mm³), WBC counts (10.6 - 10⁴/ml³), HB concentration (19.0 g%), haematocrit (36.0%), M. C.H. C. (57.7%), total blood volumes (0.966 ml) and per cent blood volumes (2.542%) gave significantly high values but M.C.V. (119.2 μm³) and erythrocyte surfaces (522.96 μm² gave low values at higher temperature (32.5± 1 C) and during breeding period (G.S.I. = 10.4 ± 0.52 g) as compared to lower temperature (18.0°C). The higher values obtained for different haematological parameters during breeding period at high temperature may be probably related to greater physical activity and higher metabolic activity at the time of reproduction.

1 table, 21 ref

011327   Oommen M (Postgraduate and Research Zoology Dep, Catholicate College, Pathanamthitta, Kerala-689 645) : Preliminary report of spiders with identification of a rare species from ward 1 Pramadom panchayat, Kerala. J Zool Soc Kerala 2010, 13(1-2), 32-44.

objectives were to study diversity of spiders in the typical ecosystem. The study was conducted for a period of two years 2003-2005 at ward 1 Pramadom panchayat, Pathanamthitta, Kerala in different habitat types. The samples were taken by active searching method. A total of 250 spiders comprising 25 species of 12 families were identified. Families showed various fidelity. One family showed wide distribution while few species were restricted to certain habitat only. Presence of two species Cryptotheles sundaica and Heteropoda venetora the Giant Crab Spider highlights the importance of conserving the wide array of representative habitats within the ecosystem.

2 illus, 5 tables, 22 ref

011326   Nisha U S;Peter M C S (Zoology Dep, Catholicate College, Pathanamthitta) : Effects of waterborne lithium on the metabolic and haematological indices in fresh water adapted fish Anabas testudineus. J Zool Soc Kerala 2010, 13(1-2), 51-7.

Fishes are very sensitive to minor fluctuations in the physio-chemical features of water and exhibit a diversified physiological responses to stress factors. The present study demonstrated the metabolic and heamatological responses of the fresh water adapted air breathing perch, Anabas testudinem to water borne lithium. Measurements of Haematocrit and Hb contents and smear analysis in blood and plasma glucose and urea level were performed following Li exposure. The study revealed that lithium is a serious inorganic stressor which induces hypermetabolic rate. Excess water-borne lithium is a threat to the health and survival of fishes.

5 illus, 4 ref