000358   Tyagi P;Shruti;Singh M;Kataria N;Rajrohit S (Genet Res Lab Biosci Dep, M.D. Univ, Rohtak-124 001) : Starvation and desiccation resistance in Drosophila populations. J Ecobiol 2006, 18(2), 149-53.

Three colonising species Drosophila ananassae, D. melanogaster and Zaprionus indianus were investigated for their tolerance to starvation and desication. Starvation tolerance was found to decrease regularly with latitude, a decrease of 1.7 hour per degree. Desiccation tolerance, on the other hand, exhibited an opposite trend, with slope of 0.29 hour per degree. Genetic repeatability was excellent over two successive generations: r=0.98, 0.61 and 0.98 for desiccation tolerance in Z. indianus, D. melanogaster and D. ananassae, respectively; for starvation tolerance, values for these species were r= -0.99, -0.92 and -0.99. Latitudinal effects are clearly significant in three species and variations are in the same direction in these species.

1 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

000357   Tiwari V K;Suresh B;Pilo B (Toxicol Dep, Jai Res Foundation, Valvada-396 108) : Acute toxicity of deltamethrin 1 percent + triazophos 35 percent EC on Wistar rats. Indian J Envir Toxicol 2005, 15(1), 16-19.

Toxic effect of pesticides in combination of deltamethrin 1% and triazophos 35% EC has been evaluated in Wistar rats. Acute oral median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of deltamethrin 1% + triazophos 35% EC has been found to be 128.32 mg/kg body weight with 95% confidential limit (94.32 - 173.64-mg/kg body weight). Toxic signs, viz. lethargy, tremor, abdominal breathing, convulsion, lacrimation, exophthalmos, gasping, nasal discharge, salivation and diarrhea have been observed due to this treatment. Results suggest that triazophos potentiates the toxic effect of deltamethrin.

2 illus, 2 tables, 9 ref

000356   Tiwari V K;Suresh B;Pilo B (Toxicol Dep, Jai Res Foundation, Valvada-396 108) : Spermatotoxicity evaluation in wistar rats exposed to deltamethrin 1 per cent + triazophos 35 per cent EC. Indian J Envir Toxicol 2005, 15(1), 1-5.

Effect of a combination of pesticides, viz. deltamethrin 1% + triazophos 35% EC, has been studied on the reproductive toxicology of Wistar rats. Male rats were exposed to test substance (0, 10, 20 and 30-mg/kg body weight) for a consecutive period of 15 weeks (seven days/week). At the end of the experiment, sperm parameters such as motility, testicular sperm-head count, epididymal count and morphological evaluation were carried out. The treatment is reported to induce significant alteration in sperm motility, testicular sperm-head count and epididymal count at 30 mg/kg body weight. Results have suggested that the pesticide combination used in the investigation inhibit the sperm production and motility either directly or indirectly.

2 illus, 17 ref

000355   Thakur S K;Mattu V K (Bio-Sciences Dep, Himachal Pradesh Univ, Shimla-171 005, Email: drsk_thakur@yahoo.co.in) : Orthopteran diversity of Pin Valley National Park, Lahaul and Spiti, India. Zoos Print J 2006, 21(4), 2225.

8 ref

000354   Sushama N J;Rao K J (Dep of Zool, Sri Venkateswara Univ, Tirupati-517 502) : Toxicity evaluation of aluminium acetate to albino mice. J Nat Conserv 2005, 17(1), 201-05.

The paper deals with toxicity evaluation of aluminium acetate on albino mice. Mortality was observed with 10, 20, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 mgs/kg body weight. The observations indicated that the animals exposed to different concentrations of aluminium acetate showed 100 precent mortality at 55-mg/kg body weight.

2 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

000353   Sreenivasa V;Aravindan V;Nadoni M B;Murthy P S (Reproduction Physiol Unit Dept. of Zool, Banglore Univ, Banglore-56) : Alteration in enzyme activity in cardiac muscle of Glossogobius giuris (Ham) induced by malathion. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 113-16.

Histological and histopathological changes in cardiac muscle of Glossogobius giuris were studied after the exposure to sub-lethal concentrations (0.05, 0.25 and 0.5ppm) of malathion during 24 to 96 hrs. Heart muscles revealed that the clumping of cells, pycnotic nuclei and necrosis at enzymatic intensity (Acid and Alkaline phosphatase) was observed in the tissue exposed to higher concentrations of chemical toxicity on fish cardiac muscle.

1 table, 23 ref

000352   Sreekantha;Gururaja K V;Remadevi K;Indra T J; Ramachandra T V (Energy and Wetlands Res Grp, Cent for Ecological Sci, Bangalore-560 012, Email: sreekantha@ces.iisc.ernet.in) : Two new species of the genus Schistura Mcclelland (Cypriniformes : Balitoridae) from Western Ghats, India. Zoos Print J 2006, 21(4), 2211-6.

Schistura nagodiensis and S. sharavathiensis are the new fish species described from Sharavathi river, central Western Ghats. These species are distinct from their closest congeners in Schistura, which are evident from variations in the combination of characters such as processus dentiformis, barbels, bars on body, extent of lateral line with pores, marks on lower lip, ray counts, shape of caudal fin, caudal bar, adipose crest, etc. District clusters of Principal Components based on morphometric variables (PCA) further substantiate that these are significantly different from their closest congeners.

3 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref

000351   Singh S K;Yadav S C (Univ department of Zool, L.N. Mithila Univ, Darbhanga-846 004) : Effect of conventional female contraceptive urhul expract on liver glycogen level of Rattus norwegicus. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 189-92.

Study the petal extract of conventional urhul, (also known as Chinese shoe flower) Hibiscus rosa sinensis was applied to Swiss albino rat, Rattus norwegicus and its effects were observed on liver glycogen. The aquous extract was fed to rats for five, ten an fifteen days. Five and ten days treatment led to significant decrease in the level of glycogen but prolonged use could normalize its concentration. Acute treatment stimulated glucagon leading to depletion of glycogen in hepatic tissue. However, prolonged use showed no side effect. The dose and duration of application needs study to have its better use in controlling population by way of female contraception.

1 table, 16 ref

000350   Singh S K;Akela B P (Univ department of Zool, L.N. Mithila Univ, Darbhanga-846 004) : Effect of conventional female contraceptive herbal extract on certain chemical constituents of blood of Rattus norwegicus. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 203-6.

Petal extract of Urhul, (also known Chinese shoe flower) Hibiscus rosa sinensis is known as conventional female contraceptive. The allopathic oral contraceptive pills leave a number of side effects. Since herbal drugs remain in natural combination, thus they leave least or no side effects. The effect of this contraceptive extract was observed on blood glucose and serum cholesterol level of Rattus norwegicus. Five and ten days treatment cause increased value of blood glucose and decreased level of serum cholesterol. However, the prolonged use (15 days) of it could normalize the level of blood glucose and serum cholesterol. Since the variations were statistically significant, it is necessary further to determine the dose and duration of drug application to minimize the deviations.

15 ref

000349   Singh J;Agrawal O P;Mishra R C (NO, , Street No. 12, Yog Nagar, Budhlada District, Mansa-151 502) : Foraging rates of different Apis species visiting parental lines of Brassica Napus L. Zoos Print J 2006, 21(4), 2226-7.

2 tables, 12 ref

000348   Ruhela S;Chauhan D K;Khare A K (Dep of Zool, Meerut Coll, Meerut-250 001) : Biochemical altertions due to Procamallanus infection in cat fish, Clarias batrachus. J Nat Conserv 2005, 17(1), 145-51.

The investigation includes biochemical responses such as serum protein, glucose, cholesterol, urea, SGPT and SGOT levels of Glorias batrachus after 15, 30 and 45 days of Procamallanus infection. The serum total protein, glucose and cholesterol decreased throughout the experiment whereas the level of urea, SGPT and SGQT increased significantly in all the intervals of the experiment, except SGOT after 45 days of post-infection, this value was observed to decrease. Biochemical values of the infected fish are suggestive of macrocytic anemia and hepatic damage.

6 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

000347   Ravikantha R;Neeraja P (Dep of Zool, Sri Venkateswara Univ, Tirupati-517 502) : Certain metabolic changes in fish on acute ambient ammonia stress. J Nat Conserv 2005, 17(1), 197-200.

In increased concentraticn of ammonia in aquatic medium is known to affect fish growth and survival, though ammonia is a metabolite in fish metabolism. The investigation is to understand the response of the animal and its acute effect of low concentration of ambient ammonia. Fish Oreochromis mossambicus is taken for the study. Animals weighing lOgm and 8 cm long are exposed to 2.46 ppm of ammonia solution for one and two days. To make a preliminary study, levels of ammonia, urea and glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme were estimated in liver and gill tissue of the animal. An elevation in ammonia and urea levels while decrement in glutamate dehydrogenase activity was observed on acute ammonia stress. These results along with study of other metabolites and enzymes are found to affect the fish metabolism.

1 table, 10 ref

000346   Purohit A;Sharma K R (Demographic Changes, , Jaisalmer, Rajasthan) : Chiropterans, Demographic changes among bats in and around Jaisalmer of Great Indian Deserts. Cheetal 2006, 42(3-4), 1-10.

Survey conducted to explore status of bats in and around Jaisalmer of Great Indian Desert (The Thar) revealed that this region had seen remarkable change with respect to number of chiropteran species reported from decades back. Out of three microchiropteran species (Rhinopoma microphyllum kinneari, rhinopoma hardwickii and Taphozus perforatus) reported from the region during the early sixties of tewntieth century, two (Rhinopoma microphyllum kinneari and Taphozus perforatus) had vanished while one (Taphozus perforatus) has occupied the various sites of the region in due course of time in bat research.

2 illus, 12 ref

000345   Prabakar K;Shaik Alawdeen S;Srinivasan K; Shamsudin M (Zool Dep, Jamal Mohamed Coll, Tiruchirappalli-620 020) : Enrichment of soil by the activities of earthworm Octochaetona serrata. J Ecobiol 2006, 18(2), 121-5.

Octochaetid earthworms, Octochaetona serrata were fed with different proportions of waste materials (grasses, mango leaves, mixed vegetables & cowdung) with soil and the casts invariably yielded from 25.1 to 252.5% of phosphorus and other nutrients from soil containing grass and mango leaf litters, although appreciably from 12.5 to 28.5% of the casts from control was significantly less than the casts obtained from soil containing mixed vegetables and cowdung (117 to 277.5%). Obviously the variability in the concentration of nutrients seems to emerge from the variability in the biochemical constituents of the organic wastes like grass, mango leaves, mixed vegetables and cowdung. Action of worms enriched the decomposition of the organic wastes recycling them into useful nutrients of organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. This can be used judiciously to manure soils and also to reclaim waste lands for cultivable purpose.

2 tables, 5 ref

000344   Negi R K;Johal M S (Deptt. of Zool and Envir Sci, Gurukula Kangri Univ, Hardwar-249404, Email: drrlnegi@yahoo.co.in) : Ichthyo-faunal diversity of Pongdam reservoir in Himachal Pradesh, India. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 219-22.

Ichthyofaunal diversity of Pongdam reservoir was carried out during the period of 1998-2000. A total of 27 fish species (sub species, varities) belonging to six families have been recorded in order of dominance that is Cyprinidae.Cobitidae, Bagaridae, Sisoridae, Mastacembelidae and Channidae.

1 illus, 7 ref

000343   Negi K S;Malik D S (Deptt. of Zool and Envir Sci, Gurukula Kangari Univ, Hardwar-249 404) : Fish fauna of Ganga river at Rishikesh. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 145-8.

The Ganga river has thirty-five fish species belonging to 3 orders, 9 families and 21 genera, family Cyprinidae dominant species in Ganga river. Out of 35 species available in the river stretch, 8.57% are endangered, 25.71 % vulnerable and rest 42.85% are rare.

1 table, 14 ref

000342   Narendran T C;Sudheer K;Sinu P A;Priyadarsan D (Systematic Ent Lab Zool Dep, Univ of Calicut, Kerala-673 635) : New genus of chalcididae (Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea) from Karnataka, India. J Ecobiol 2006, 18(2), 155-9.

New Chalcid genus viz., Neoirichohalticella Narendran gen. nov. is described and illustrated with the type species, N. sringeriensis Narendran sp. nov. from Karnataka, India. This new genus can be distinguished from the extra limital genus Irichohalticella Cameron in having a very long angulate scutellum projecting over propodeum, distal lobe of hind femur projecting and scape extending to level of ocelli. This genus is similar to Notaspidiella Boucek in having long angulate scutellum projecting over propedeum, but differs in having first tergite not fused with second tergite and presence of median carina and numerous longitudinal striae on first tergite.

5 illus, 4 ref

000341   Naik S J K;Rudrama Devi K;Vasundhara Devi V; Krupavaram M (Toxicol Lab Zool Dep, P G Coll of Sci Osmania Univ, Saifabad, Hyderabad-500 004) : Analysis of micronuclei (BNMN) in peripheral blood lymphocytes of leather shoe-factory workers exposed to organic solvents. Indian J Envir Toxicol 2005, 15(1), 23-5.

Genotoxic potential of organic solvents in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes has been investigated on 66 male workers in a leather shoe factory situated at IDA, Nacharam, Ranga Reddy district of Andhra Pradesh, India, by adopting standard cytogenetic protocol-micronuclei (MN-cytokinesis block) method. The shoe-factory workers have shown a significant increase in the frequency of micro-nucleated binucleate lymphocytes in comparison with that of unexposed age-matched controls. Aging has been associated with increase in MN rates. The study has clearly revealed the mutagenic effect of the organic solvents on human beings.

2 tables, 7 ref

000340   More A;Dhabe P;Ghanbahadur G;Khillare Y K (NO, RNC. Arts JBD Com. NSC Sci Coll, Nasik Road-422 101) : Cycle changes in the overy and its corelation with pituitary gland in cyprinus carpio. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 107-11.

Presents cyclic changes in ovary of Cyprinus carpio, studied histologically, through different stages, along with co-relative changes in cells of pituitary gland.

9 plates, 11 ref

000339   Mondal C;Biswas A K (Dep of Agric Ent, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, P.O. Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia) : Efficacy and economics of some insecticides against bhendi fruit and shoot borer, Earias vittella [Fab.]. Indian Biol 0205, (NULL), 11-4.

Efficacy and economics of five different insecticides viz., Novaluron, Triazophos, Cartap, Diflubenzuron and Profenophos with two different concentrations were evaluated against bhendi fruit and shoot borer, Earias vittella (Fab.) under field condition during 2000-2001 at Jaguli Instructional Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalay. Among different treatments Novaluron @ 0.05% a.i. and-0.02% a.i., Cartap @ 0.05% a.i., and 0.02% a.i. and Profenophos @ 0.05% a.i., proved most effective in respect of highest mortality of Earias in field condition. The highest yield of 400.12 q/ha and the net return of Rs. 1,33120/- were obtained from the treatments with Novaluron and Cartap respectively. Irrespective of insecticides used, the field efficacy were Novaluron<62>Diflubenzuron<62>Cartap<62> Profenophos<62>Triazophos, but in respect of net return the insecticides were Cartap<62>Novaluron<62>Profenophos<62>Diflubenzuron<62>Triazophos.

2 tables, 3 ref

000338   Kurhade S M (NO, , `Riddhisiddhl', Vidya Colony, Opp. HUDCO, Pipeline Road, Ahmednagar-414 003) : First record of genus Callihormius ashmead (Hymenoptera : Braconidae) from India, with description of a new species. Zoos Print J 2006, 21(4), 2209-10.

A new hymenopteran of the family Braconidae, Callihormius orientalis sp. nov. has been described and illustrated. This represents the first record of this genus from India in Indo-Australian region.

4 illus, 3 ref

000337   Kothari S;Trevedi A;Jat D;Sakade B (NO, Sch of Stud in Zool Vikram Univ, Ujjain-456 010) : Preventive action of essential phospholipids against cadmium induced haematological changes in Hetropneustes fossilis (Bloch). Indian J Envir Toxicol 2005, 15(1), 6-9.

Effect of Sublethal Concentration (20 mg/l) of cadmium chloride has been investigated on some blood parameters of a fresh water catfish Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch). Attempt has also been made to find out efficacy of membrane therapeutic agent essential phospholipids against cadmium toxicity of fish blood. Exposure of fish to cadmium solution caused significant decrease in RBC, WBC, hemoglobin, packed cell volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, while values of mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin were increased. Simultaneously administration of EPL with food to cadmium exposed fish helped in maintaining values of these blood parameters almost with in normal range, except the values of PVC and MCH. Results suggest preventive effect of EPL against cadmium induced haemotological alterations in the catfish.

1 table, 25 ref

000336   Kiran B R;Puttaiah E T (Envir Sci Dep, Kuvempu Univ, Shankaraghatta-577 451) : Food and feeding habits and sex ratio of feather back, Notopterus notopterus from Jannapura pond, Karnataka. J Ecobiol 2006, 18(2), 127-31.

Food and feeding habits and sex ratio of Notopterus notopterus (Pallas) collected from Jannapura pond, were studied during the period from August 2002 to Feb. 2003. The gut content analysis indicated that fish is a surface to bottom feeder and consumed phytoplankton, zooplankton, plant material, insect larvae and beetles in addition to debris. The sex ratio in N. notopterus at different months and size groups has been studied. The overall male: female ratio was found to be 1:1.4. Dominance of female was observed in most of the size groups (16-20, 26-30, 31-35 cm) and months (August, Oct. - Dec. 2002 & Jan. 2003). No significant chi-square values were obtained in the size range of fishes (16-35 cm) and months (August 2002 to Feb. 2003).

3 tables, 14 ref

000335   Khedkar G D;Ghodke S R;Nawale S P (Aquacult Res laboratory Dep of Zool, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad - 431 004) : Histopathological changes in the kidney of weedfish, (Nemacheilus aureus exposed to aqueous extract of Sapindus Mukkhrosi screened for piscicidal properties. Bioinfolet 2006, 3(2), 136-9.

Aqueous extract of soap nut, Sapindus mukkhrosi fruit was tested against a very common weed fish, Nemacheilus aureus which is found in almost all water bodies and streams of Maharashtra. This fish is very sturdy and continuous breeder, which competes all culturable aquatic organisms, hence drastically reduces aquaculture productions. Sapindus mukkhrosi is having foam forming property, which is also utilized for washing clothes and as a herbal shampoo in rural areas. This fruit is having a toxic substance, the saponin. From literature it is evident that saponin is having property which can modulate the mucus membrane causing hemolysis. Fishes exposed to this extract cause death due to respiratory failure and hemolysis. Tribal fisherman community use this extracts for catching fish. Drastic histopathological changes were evident in specimens exposed to S. mukkhrossi fruit extract having concentration of 0.060 ppm. Damage to kidney tissue like swelling, and rupture of uriniferos tubules was chronic with increase in exposure time.

2 illus, 26 ref

000334   Kasture S A;Joshi P P;Kulkarni G K (Dep of Zool, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad - 431 004) : (NULL). Bioinfolet 2006, 3(2), 126-9.

Respiration rate of organism is an indicator of physiological state and changes in respiration rate may be an indicator of environmental state. The mangrove-associated crab, Thalamita crenata were collected from selected three different habitats namely Bhatye, Golap and Kalbadevi. Oxygen consumption was measured by standard Winkler's method. The rate of oxygen consumption at bhatye was found to be 0.177 ml/l/h/gm body wt. of crab. The significant decrease in oxygen consumption by 12.65% at Golap and 22.48% at Kalbadevi was recorded as compared to Bhatye. The results are discussed considering the physico-chemical properties of different habitats.

2 tables, 13 ref

000333   Karnatak A K;Shukla A (Dep of Ent, Coll of Agric G.B. Pant Univ of Agric and Technol, Pantnagar-263 145) : Relative toxicity of some insecticides to the larvae of tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fab.). Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 213-17.

Bioassay study was carried out to determine the relative toxicity of malathion, profenofos, triazophos, lambdacyhalothrin, fenvalerate, imidacloprid, diafenthiuron, and endosulfan against 5th instar larvae of S. litura, collected from Crop Research Centre of the University (CRC). The order of toxicity after 24 hours with LC₅₀ values in parenthesis was: lambdacyhalothrin (0.00085) <62> fenvalerate (0.0035) <62> imidacloprid (0.0063) <62> triazophos (0.009) <62> diafenthiuron (0.014) <62> endosulfan (0.017) > profenofos (0.020) <62> malathion (0.035). Taking the LC₅₀ value of malathion as a unit, the relative toxicity of lambdacyhalothrin, fenvalerate, imidacloprid, triazophos, diafenthiuron, endosulfan and profenofos was 41.18, 10.00, 5.50, 3.88, 2.50, 2.06 and 1.67 respectively. Results of investigation indicates that among the various insecticide groups synthetic pyrethoids, lambdacyhalothrin and fenvalerate, were found superior over others regarding the protection against larvae of S. litura. But due to low mammalian toxicity, ecofriendly nature, systemic action and good control against larvae of S. litura imidacloprid was recommended for the control of S. litura.

4 tables, 8 ref

000332   Kamal Singh;Ojha R S (Deptt. of Zool, R.B.S. Coll, Agra-282 002) : Observations on the behaviour on crawler (First stage larva) of Aonidiella orientalis (Newsted) (Homoptera: Coccoidea : Diaspididae). Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 209-11.

Behaviour of the crawlers of Aonidiella orientalis on the leaves, fruits and twigs of Dalbergia sissoo was studied along with the dispersal of the crawlers. Weekly counts showed crawlers moving from tree to tree, in search of proper, host. The crawlers show irregular movement towards light.

17 ref

000331   Jaiswar A K;Kulkarni B G (Cent Inst of Fish Educ, (Deemed University), Seven Bungalows, Versoca, Mumbai-400 061) : Conservation of molluscan biodiversity from intertidal area of Mumbai Coast. J Nat Conserv 2005, 17(1), 93-105.

Most of the coastal habitats are suffering from severe degradation of ecological quality as a result of increasing pollution stress, reclamation and past and present human exploitation without concern for the ecological cost. Drastic changes in the intertidal ecology of Mumbai has led to a decline in the number of molluscs from 227 species of gastropods recorded in 1893 and 199 species of pelecypods recorded in 1949 to 67 species of gastropods and 30 species of pelecypods during present study (1996-1998). The study revealed that these animals could not adjust to the perturbations in their surrounding environment contributed by 14 million population and approximately 8000 small and large industrial units in the city. Animal populations have been wiped out completely from certain localities of intertidal area. The intertidal area of Mahim bay and creek, which was known as a production and culture center for molluscs (clams and oysters) in the past, has been transformed into a stinking and barren area. Therefore, some urgent measures must be initiated For protection and conservation of surviving molluscan fauna.

1 illus, 1 table, 33 ref

000330   Gupta S;Upadhyay A K;Singh N B (Dep of Fish Processing Technol, Coll of Fishery Sci G.B. Pant Univ of Agric and Technol, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar-236 145) : Growth response of indian major carps raised on various formulated diets. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 117-26.

Describes comparative ratio of growth of three specice of Indian major carps viz. Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala, raised on various mixure of diets.

3 illus, 4 tables, 17 ref

000329   Gupta S;Srivastava S;Singh P;Singh K (Dep of Anim Sci, M.J.P.Rohilkhand Univ, Bareilly-243 006) : Effect of Mentha piperita leaf powder on the developmental stages of Trogoderma granarium (Everts). Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 179-84.

Life-table indicated a relatively maximum rate of mortality of egg (15.89%) which increased to 17.34% (at 1% treatment) and 24.00% (at 2% treatment). The rate of larval mortality (controls) increased from 04.41% (L₁) to 13.43% (L₄). At 1% treatment of Mentha piperita leaf powder the larval mortality at L₃ stage (15.59%) was the highest. In case of 2% mixtures of M. piperita leaf powder the maximum larval mortality was recorded in L₆ stage (31.13%). The mortality of pupae increased to 03.57% in case of insects reared at 2% mixture of leaf powder in vis-e-vis controls (02.04%). The dry biomasses of different stage (L₃=0.17, L₆ = 0.75, pupae = 0.74 and adult = 0.65 mg) at 1% treatment as well as those reared on 2% (L₃ = 0.16, L5 = 0.50, L₆ = 0.51, pupae = 0.51 and adult = 0.40 mg) were significantly lower (P/_0.05 and P/_0.01) than those of control (L₃ = 0.23, L₅= 0.80, L₆ = 1.10, pupae = 0.94 and adult = 0.91 mg).

1 illus, 4 tables, 10 ref

000328   Gupta K;Gandotra R;Kapoor J (P G. Dep of Zool, Univ of Jammu, Jammu) : Lenght-weight relationship of golden mahseer Tor putitora (Hamiltion)from Jhajjar stream, a tributary of river Chenab. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 135-40.

Lenght-weight relationship of Tor putitora was estimated for immature (5-18cm|) and mature (18-25cm) fishes from Jhajjar stream, a tributary of river Chenab. The regression equation has been found to be W = -4.64+1.41 Log L for immature and W = -4.142+3.68 Log L for mature fishes. The exponential value of 'b' has not been observed to follow the cube law.

2 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref

000327   Ghosh M;Desai B;Chikale M;Joshi N; Ramachandran A V (Toxicol Dep, Jai Res Foundation, Valvada-396 108) : Effect of administration of evening melatonin and insulin on blood glucose and cholesterol in prepubertal and adult rats. Indian J Envir Toxicol 2005, 15(1), 26-8.

Effect of administration of evening melatonin and insulin on metabolism in prepubertal and adult rats has been investigated. The animals were administered with intraperitoneal injection of melatonin for three days. For insulin treatment, melatonin-treated animals were given a single injection of insulin 30 minutes before sacrifice on the fourth day after the first treatment. Blood glucose levels have revealed significant hypoglycemia in the melatonin group, which is further reduced by the insulin treatment, irrespective of age of rats. Blood cholesterol levels have revealed significant hypercholesterolemia in prepubertal animals, while significant hypercholesterolaemia has been observed in adult animals in the melatonin treated groups. The administration of insulin with evening melatonin could result in hypocholesterolaemia, although statistically insignificant irrespective of age of the animals. The study has indicated a decreased sensitivity of melatonin-treated prepubertal animals to insulin, while melatonin is having different kinetics of action in different age groups with respect to cholesterol.

1 table, 8 ref

000326   Ghosh M;Desai B;Chikale M;Joshi N; Ramachandran A V (Toxicol Dep, Jai Res Foundation, Valvada-396 108) : Effect of administration of evening melatonin and insulin on protein and carbohydrate metabolism in prepubertal and adult rats. Indian J Envir Toxicol 2005, 15(1), 20-2.

Effect of administration of evening melatonin and insulin on metabolism of liver and muscle in prepubertal and adult rats has been investigated. The animals were administered with intraperitoneal injection of melatonin for three days. For insulin treatment, melatonin-treated animals were given single injection of insulin 30 minutes before sacrifice on the fourth day after the first treatment. Glycogen levels have revealed increased storage of glycogen in liver and muscle of perpubertal animals, in the group of animals treated with melatonin and insulin. Levels of protein in liver and muscle of animals treated with melatonin and insulin have revealed, the protein-depleting effect of insulin in association with melatonin, irrespective of age of animals. The levels of SDH have revealed different kinetics of action of melatonin, when supplemented with insulin in different age groups of test animals. The study has indicated significant effect of melatonin on liver and muscle metabolism when administered with insulin in rats.

1 table, 10 ref

000325   Geetha Vani N;Neeraja P (Dep of Zool, S.V. Univ, Tirupati-517 502) : Metabolic changes in fish liver on ambient ammonia stress and recovey in ammonia free water. J Nat Conserv 2005, 17(1), 75-80.

Chronic ambient ammonia stress is reported to alter physiological and metabolic status of fish Cyprinus Capio. Acute effect of ammonia for 3 hours and extent of recovery after one day of exposure in ammonia free water has been studied in the investigation. Fish are exposed to 2.96 mg/litre of ammonia for 3 hours. After three hours, they are kept in ammonia free water for 1 day for recovery. The liver tissue of both ammonia stress and ammonia free water samples was analyzed for glucose, acid, and alkaline phosphatases, nucleic acid and adenine nucleotides. Increment in glucose, acid & alkaline phosphatases and adenine nucleotide levels while decrement in DNA and RNA levels was observed on ammonia stress and in recovery. These changes suggest that acute ammonia stress seem to result in catabolic response and a tendency to recover has been observed when it is removed from stress.

2 tables, 18 ref

000324   Davng P M;Khillare Y K;Sarawade J P (Deptt. of Zooloey, Vasantrao Naik Mahavidyalaya, Aurangabad-431 004) : Chronic effect of pesticides on biochemical constitutents in Thynnichthys sandkhol. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 127-30.

Changes in biochemical constituents in the gill, liver and muscles were studied in the fish, Thynnichthys sandkhol, chronically exposed (30 days) to Thiodon (0.000149 ppm), Dimethoate (0.00159 ppm), gill protein increased (9.0932 to 9.9732 mg/100 mg wet weight) than the liver (13.9554 to 12.7108 mg/100 mg wet weight) and muscle (13.4932 to 13.3954 mg/100 mg wet weight). Inverse picture observed in ascorbic acid level in liver and muscle (38.154 to 40.1860 and 36.0838 to 38.5786 mg /100 mg wet weight respectively), gill (38.1541 to 36.1605), Glycogen content enhanced in gill (0.2722 to 0.2800) and liver (2.1887 to 2.2664 mg /100 mg wet weight) but found decreased in muscle (0.8666 to 0.777 mg/100 mg wet weight).

2 tables, 19 ref

000323   Das N P I;Bastawade D B (NO, Zool Surv of India Western Regional Stn, Pune-411 044) : New species of genus Euphalangium roewer (Opiliones : Phalangidae) from Western Himalayan region of India. Zoos Print J 2006, 21(4), 2207-9.

A new species Euphalangium martensi is described from western Himalayan region with detail accounts and illustrations of external morphology and genitalia of both male and female. The morphometric data for lets I - IV (male and female) are given in tabular form.

12 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

000322   D Usha Anandhi;Murthy P S (Physiol of Reproduction Unit Dep of Zool, Bangalore Univ, Bangalore-560056) : Effets of contaminated fish diet on male reproductive organs in albino rat (Rattus norvegicus). Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 159-63.

Histomorphology of testis and seminal vesicle have been investigated during different age groups fed with contaminated fish meal. Hypertrophy of Leydig cells, shrunken vesicular locules with condensed mucosa and atrophied glandular epithelium, changes were observed in the rat fed with contaminated fish diet during 7-14 days. Inhibition of spermatogenic processes was also observed in the testicular lobules of the experimental animal. Treatment of rat for 21 -28 days resulted in marked reduction of germ cells, hypertrophied of sertoli cells and appearance of vacuolated Leydig cells. The-present study'suggests that the contaminated fish diet may alter the normal functions of the male reproductive organ.

12 ref

000321   Chowdhary A;Singh B (Lab of Nutritional Histopathology and Ageing Dep of Zool, Kurukshetra Univ, Kurukshetra-136 129) : Lipofuscinolysis in the purkinje neurons of senile wistar male rats following the treatment of encephabol. J Nat Conserv 2005, 17(1), 27-32.

Efficacy of Encephabol (ECB), a neurptropic drug has been investigated in the removal of age-pigment, lipofuscin, a marker of ageing. For this experiment, senile Wistar male rats of 30-month age were treated with ECB for one, two, and three months and the Purkinje neurons were studied. In the control group animals 12.35 ± 0.89 % area of the Purkinje neurons was found to be occupied by the age-pigment, lipofuscin. This area got reduced to 10.97 ± 0.53 % after one-month treatment This reduction reached to 6.85 ±0.61% after two months and in the animals received ECB for three months the area declined to 4.81 ±0.27 %. In the same way 92.02 ± 0.65 % of the total population of the Purkinje neurons in the control group animals was found to have age-pigment in them. This population of neurons having pigment was decreased to 41.80 ± 1.23 % after three-month ECB treatment. In brief ECB removes lipofuscin from the Punkinje neurons and enhances the cvtochemical well being of the neurons.

2 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

000320   Choudhary S A (Zool Dep, R.B.S. Coll, Agra-282 002) : Effect of fenvalerate on development, fecundity and viability of Drosophila melanogaster. J Ecobiol 2006, 18(2), 175-80.

Fenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethyroid, was analysed for its toxic effects on Drosophila melanogaster. It has been estimated that LC₅₀ was 0.077 μl/100 ml food. These studies revealed that fenvalerate is toxic as it had a prounced effect on rate of development, fecundity and viability of D. melanogaster.

2 tables, 26 ref

000319   Bisht I;Agrawal S K (Zool Dep, Kumaun Univ Campus, Almora-263 601) : Histochemistry and cytomorphology of epidermis of certain hill-stream fishes: a comparative study. Himalayan J Envir Zool 2005, 19(2), 165-77.

Cytochemical nature of cellular components of general epidermis of hill-stream fishes Barilius vagra & Garra lamta (Cyprinidae), Homalopter brucei (Homalopteridae) and Glyptothorax pectinopterus (Sisoridae) is described. Epidermis of all four fishes is equipped with mainly epithelial cells and mucous cells. Club cells are restricted to B. vagra, G. lamta and H. brucei. Mucous coat has been described as an adaption to prevent fish from desication and helps in efficient swimming by reducing friction. Large number of well developed mucous cells in hinge region has been correlated to protect epidermis from wear and tear during locomation, providing lubrication to reduce friction between scales. Club cells may protect body from mechanical injuries, serving as shock absorbers.

8 illus, 5 tables, 36 ref

000318   Basavarajappa S (Stud in Zool Dep, Univ of Mysore, Mysore-570 006, Email: braj@rediff.com) : Avifauna of agro-ecosystems of maidan area of Karnataka. Zoos Print J 2006, 21(4), 2217-19.

Diversified wetland agro-ecosystems of Maidan areas of Karnataka have provided congenial habitats for the survival of 27 species of water birds belonging to 13 families. The relative composition of aquatic bird species and their density varied significantly. Further, the Ardeidae members dominated and were common in all habitats. Interestingly, the area was found congenial for certain resident migrants viz., Painted Stork (Mycteria lencepahala), Black Ibis (Pseudibis papillosa) and Oriental White Ibis (Thresklomis melanocephalus), which were recorded every winter. The study showed that, the varied composition of water birds associated with the wetland agro-ecosystem is for sharing common habitat for different purposes. It is hoped that this study would provide preliminary database for the avifauna of this area, for further research.

2 tables, 7 ref

000317   Andrabi S S M;Mastan S A;Krishna Prasad J; Prakash Chander;Ganaie J A;Qureshi T A (Aqu Anim Dis Lab Appl Aquacult Dep, Barkatullah Univ, Bhopal-462 026) : Sub-lethal effect of copper sulphate on certain haematological parameters of Clarias batrachus (Linn.). Curr Wld Envir 2006, 1(1), 57-60.

Sub-lethal effect of copper on various haematological parameters of Clarias batrachus were studied. Copper (as copper sulphate) was used to prepare the stock solution from which different standard concentrations were prepared. A total of 16 specimens of Clarias batrachus (mean weight and length 100 gm and 18-20 cm respectively) were used for this purpose. In exposed fishes various haematological changes were noticed. The RBC counts and haemoglobin percentage was decreased significantly from the normal values.

3 tables, 8 ref

000316   Abhik S I;Bandyopadhyay S;Gupta M;Majumdar U K (Dep of Biotechnol, Bengal Coll of Engng and Technol, Durgapur-12) : Effect of methanolic extract of Dendropthae falcate and Boswella serrata on reproductive system of mature female mice. Indian Biol 0205, (NULL), 41-4.

Dendropthae falcate (Horitoky madang) and Boswella serrata (Agnijhar) are used from the ancient time due to their antifertility effect. But the actual mechanism of action is not yet known. The antifertility effect of methanolic extract of these two plants was studied in mice to evaluate the folkloric use of the plant. These two plants were collected; sun dried, pulverized and extracted with methanol using soxhelet apparatus. Methanolic extract were given intraperitoneally to the female mature mice. The vaginal smear was stained and examined under microscope throughout the treatment period. On the 15th day, mice were sacrificed and the weight of ovaries and uterus were taken. It was observed that the estrous cycle became irregular after certain period and the weight of ovaries and uterus were reduced significantly which indicate that the extract of Dendropthae falcate and Boswella serrata have the antifertility activity in female mice.

2 tables, 10 ref

008203   Zodape G V (Zoology Dep, S.S. & L.S. Patkar College of Arts and Science and V.P. Varde College, Goregaon (West), Mumbai-400 062, Email: gautamvz5@yahoo.com) : Effect of aloe vera juice on toxicity induced by metal (Zinc) in Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Bionano Front 2011, 4(1), 96-101.

An attempt has been made to study the effect of Aloe vera juice on toxicity induced by zinc on Labeo rohita fingerlings, exposed to sub lethal concentration of zinc and Aloe vera juice for 21 days. The bio accumulation pattern of zinc with Aloe vera juice supplementation was carried out on selected organs like liver and muscle tissues. In both the liver and muscle tissues a pronounced effect of arsenic and Aloe vera juice was noted on activities such as, Glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), Glutamate - pyruvate teansamiaase (GPT), acid:and alkaline phosphatase (ACP & ALP), total lipids, protease activity, and free amino acids and Glycogen activity respectively. A signtficant decrease in enzymatic activity as GPT, GOT, ACP & ALP was noted in liver and muscle tissues. The level of protein, lipids and glycogen were also found: decreased; whereas protease and free amino acids were profoundly increased. The results of present study suggest that Aloe vera juice has an effective hepatoprotective and tissue protective property against zinc toxicity.

1 table, 42 ref

008202   Vimala S;Paul V I (Zoology Dep, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Email: issac_paul@rediffmail.com) : Utilization of crustacean fishery waste as a source of carotenoids. J expl Zool 2009, 12(2), 377-80.

Carotenoids are natural colouring agents and are distributed among various organisms including crustaceans. Being natural in origin, carotenoids are in good demand for various applications. They are widely used as natural colorants in food industry and find large scale use in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry also. b-carotene is used as the major source of vitamin A. Carotenoids are reported to be responsible for the various colouring patterns of crustaceans and the exoskeletons of crustaceans are rich sources of natural cartoenoids. In India, crustacean fishery involving shrimps and crabs is a lucrative business option and as a result tones of fishery waste in the form of crustacean exoskeletons are generated annually. The fishery waste thus created would be a potential source of pollution unless and until it is utilized in a sensible way. In this context, the present study is an attempt to extract the carotenoids from the discarded exoskeletons of the shrimp Penaeus monodon and the mud crab Scylla serrata following standard solvent extraction procedures. A comparative assessment of the extraction in different solvents such as acetone, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and methanol shows significant variations in the yield. Maximum yield was obtained when acetone was used as the extraction solvent and the yield decreased in the order acetone<62> isopropyl alcohol<62> ethanol<62> methanol. Similarly, yield from the shrimp exoskeletons was much greater than that of crab waste.

2 tables, 24 ref

008201   Verma V;Singh J P (Zoology Dep, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya, Faizabad-224 123, Email: singhjp64@gmail.com) : Avian fauna and fishes of Devhatt Jheel, Ambedkarnagar (U.P.). J expl Zool 2009, 12(2), 337-9.

"Devhatt Jheel" is an important place for fishing in the district Ambedkar Nagar in eastern U.P. This wetland includes approximately 150 hac. and enriched with various phytoplanktons and zooplanktons, insects, worms and molluscs. Local birds and Siberian migratory birds visit this lake every year at a particular period. Due to its natural ecological scenic beauty migratory birds migrate from their native place and again return to their original home land in autmn. A lot of exotic and inland fishes inhabit in this wetland. An urgent step must be taken to declare this wetland as a recreational centre and other facilities forecotourists.

1 table, 11 ref

008200   Verma S;Kurl S P (Zoology Dep, M.M.P.G. College, Modinagar, Ghaziabad-201 204) : Cytogenetical studies of a bug, Odontopus nigricornis Stal (Heteroptera : Pyrrhocoridae). J expl Zool 2009, 12(2), 443-6.

Odontopus nigricornis Stal. (Pyrrhocoridae) shows the chromosomal complement as 2n=12=10A+ X₁X₂O (male) and 2n= 14= l0A: + X₁X₁X₂X₂ (female). There is absence of Y element in males. Autosomes show gradation in size. Sex chromosomes are smallest in size. Metrical data studies established the larger chromosomal length as 2.80±0.12 μ and the smallest chromosomal length as 1.45±0.20 μ- Some abnormal chromosomal complements were also obtained. From the chromosomal measurements the karyotypes and ideograms are prepared. During meiosis sex chromosomes are heteropycnotic in diffused stage but becomes isopycriotic in diplotene stage and divide equationally during meiosis-I, while autosomes divide reductionally and added to one pole while the other pole in without any sex chromosome.

18 illus, 2 tables, 7 ref

008199   Vankara A P;Vijayalakshmi C (Animal Sciences Dep, Yogi Vemana Univ, Kadapa-516 003, Email: annuprasanna@gmail.com) : Metazoan parasites of Mystus vittatus (Bloch) of river Godavari with despription of a new species of Acanthocephala, Raosentis godavarensis sp. nov.. J parasitic Dis 2009, 33(1-2), 77-83.

A total of 9 metazoan parasitic species were identified from Mystus vittatus (Bloch) in river Godavari during 2005-2007 including 2 monogeneans, 2 digeneans, 3 acanthocephalans and 2 copepods. Two species of monogeneans (Bifurcohaptor indicus and Thaparocleidus tengra), digeneans (Haplorchoides macrones and metacercariae of Isoparorchis hypselobagri), an acanthocephalan (Raosentis podderi) found during the present study are of common occurrence in this fish. M vittatus constitutes a new host record for an acanthocephalan, Raosentis thapari and 2 copepods, Argulus striatus and Lamproglena hospetensis. The occurrence of A. striatus represents unusual for M. vittatus. A new species of acanthocephala, Raosentis godavarensis sp. nov is reported, described and illustrated.

9 illus, 1 table, 38 ref

008198   Vankara A P;Vijayalakshmi C (Animal Science Dep, Yogi Vemana Univ, Kadapa-516 003, Email: annuprasanna@gmail.com) : Histopathological changes of the esophagus of the freshwater eels, Macronathus aculeatus (Bl.) and Mastacembelus pancalus (Lac.) due to infection of metacercariae of Clinostomum mastacembeli Jaiswal, 1957. J parasitic Dis 2009, 33(1-2), 65-9.

Macrognathus aculeatus (Bl.) and Mastacembelus pancalus (Lac.) (Family: Mastacembelidae) are considered to be the most delicious fish in Andhra Pradesh due to the tenderness of their muscles. The metacercariae of Clinostomum mastacembeli Jaiswal, 1957 are found infesting the oesophagus of these fishes heavily. During present studies, histopathological changes caused due to the encystment of metacercariae of C. mastacembeli in the oesophagus of these fishes were observed. The four layers of the oesophagus namely; serosa, muscualris layer, submucosa and mucosa were found severely affected. Histopathological changes included decrease in the lumen diameter of the oesophagus, atrophy and necrosis of epithelial cells of serosa layer, shrinkage of villi due to thickening of muscularis layer and formation of small vacuoles in the sub-mucosal layers.

12 illus, 27 ref

008197   Tiwari C B (Zoology Dep, SMD Degree College, N. Jalalpur, Gopalganj-841 428) : Primary response and metabolic changes in freshwater fishes. J expl Zool 2009, 12(2), 331-3.

The study was aimed to assess the response due to stressors in freshwater fishes. The poor water quality with insufficient quantity of oxygen and toxicant acts as stressor. The effect mostly emphasized upon alteration of blood-plasma cortisol which later alters metabolism. The primary response evoked through neuroendocrine- disturbance circulating corticosteroids in portal systems. This response converted into metabolic-disturbances with disability of renal performance. The response of stressors on fish physiology depends upon hereditary, life stages and ecology. The mild stressor adapted fishes with environment, where as chronic and repeated stressor alters cellular, hematological and histological balance affects lastly upon survival of freshwater fishes.

1 table, 12 ref