019500   Lambert Kishore;Girish Kumar P;Narendran T C (Zoology Dep, Malabar Christian College, Calicut-673 001) : New species of Antepipona saussure (Hymenoptera : Vespidae). Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(1), 121-3.

New species Antepipona chikmagalurensis Lambert sp.nov. is described and its distinguishing characters from relative species are provided. A. chikmangalurensis differs from A. siamensis Soika in the shape of first abdominal segment, body colour and size of head with non carinate clypeus.

5 illus, 3 ref

019499   Krishnamurthy R;Prabakaran E;Ramalingam K (Zoology Dep, Presidency College, Chennai-600 005) : Oral treatment of seed extract of momordica charantia to alloxan induced diabetic rats on tissue LDH activity. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(1), 113-15.

Alloxan injected rats showed enhanced LDH activity in wistar rats than control. In the alloxan induced diabetic group of rats, the oral ingestion of the seed extract of Momordica charantia reverted the LDH activity to that of control i.e. decreased LDH level. The results inferred the regulating property of the seed extract on glycolysis and hyperglycemia. The study also reveals the diagnostic marker role of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase to hyperglycemia oriented diabetes.

1 tables, 11 ref

019498   Khanna P (Zoology Dep, Govt. Degree College, Kathua (J&K)) : Studies of the effects of aspirin of gene activity in olytene chromosomes of Chironomus plumosus form B.. Natn J Life Sci 2007, 4(2), 185-92.

Genotoxic effect of chronic exposure to two different concentrations of aspirin on polytene chromosomes of larvae of Chironomus plumosus Form B was examined from the embryonic stage to the IVth larval instar for two successive generations under controlled laboratory conditions. In chromosomes AB, CD, EF and G significant differences in the banding organization, puffing pattern and chromosomal aberrations were found between the exposed and the control larvae. No specimen with standard polytene chromosomes was found in the material treated with different concentrations of aspirin. The structural and functional changes in the polytene chromosomes are interpreted as a reaction of the genome to different doses and continuous uptake of aspirin.

6 illus 1 tables, 11 ref

019497   Khan A K;Shaikh A M;Lanjekar Z A;Ansari N (Zoology Dep, B. A. Marathwasa Univ, Aurangabad-431 001) : Biochemical levels in body parts and whole body of marine edible gastropod Natica picta exposed to zinc chloride. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(2), 145-9.

Marine edible gastropod Naiica picta (shell length 20-25 mm) were collected from Bhatye Creek. Ratnagiri (West coast of India) in summer were exposed to Zinc chloride at 0.2 ppm and 0.8 ppm (1/10th LC0 and LC50 respectively) for seven days i.e. 07 days laboratory and 07 days field depuration; showed variation in biochemical composition from body parts like operculum, soft body and whole body as compared to the control group of animals. Protein level in 07 days exposed l/10th LC0 and LC50 groups showed increase in body parts; soft body while 07 days laboratory depuration l/10,th LC₀ and LC₅₀ groups showed decrease in (studied) body parts, whole body and 1/10th LC50 group operculum and soft body. Glycogen level in 07 days exposed 1/10th LC0 group showed increase in operculum, soft body and 1/10th LC50 group in soft body while 07 days laboratory depurated 1/10th LC0and LC50 groups showed increase in body parts and whole body except whole body of 1/10th LC50 group whereas 1/10th LC₀ and LC₅₀ groups showed increase in operculum soft body. Lipid level in 07 days exposed 1/10th LC0 group showed increase in soft body and l/10th LC₅₀ group in operculum, soft body while 07 days laboratory depurated 1/10th LC₀ and LC₅₀ groups showed increase in operculum soft body whereas 07 days field depurated 1/10th LC₀ and LC₅₀ groups showed increase in soft body. The results of study are discussed in the light of metabolic adjustment of gastropod to Zinc stress.

3 table, 16 ref

019496   Khan A K;Shaikh A M;Lanjekar Z A;Ansari N (Zoology Dep, Dr.B.A. Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad) : Tissue glycogen level in different body parts of the green mussels, Perna viridis exposed to zinc chloride in summer season. Pollut Res 2007, 26(2), 223-6.

Green Mussels P. viridis (shell length 80-90 mm) from Bhatye creek, Ratnagiri in Summer were exposed to ZnCl₂ of 0.2 ppm and 0.4 ppm for 7 days, 7 days Laboratory depuration and 7 days field depuration. The Glyeogen content in 0.2 ppm and 0.4 ppm exposed (7 days) showed, increase level in gill, heapatopancreas, adductor muscles while 7 days laboratory depurated 0.2 ppm group of animal showed increase in gill, heapatopancreas, adductor muscles and 0.4 ppm group of animal showed increase in mantle, gill, heapatopancreas, siphon. The content in 7 days field depurated 0.2 ppm group of animal showed increase in mantle, heapatopancreas siphon, adductor muscles while 0.4 ppm group of animal showed increase in heapatopancreas, siphon and adductor muscles. The results of study are discussed in the light of Zinc impact on these mussels.

3 tables, 18 ref

019495   Khan A K;Shaikh A M;Lanjekar Z A;Ansari N (Zoology Dep, Dr.B.A. Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad) : Lipid level in defferent body parts of the green mussels, Perna viridis, exposed to zinc chloride in summer season. Pollut Res 2007, 26(2), 219-21.

Green Mussels P. viridis (shell length 80-90 mm) from Bhatye creek, Ratnagiri in Summer were exposed to ZnCl₂ of 0.2 ppm and 0.4 ppm for 7 days, 7 days Laboratory depuration and 7 days field depuration. The Lipid content in most of the body parts increases during the exposure; more increase in Lco group of animal, it suggest that the inhibition of lipase activity lipid synthesis may be due to enhanced heavy metal toxicity. In this investigation lipid content increased during depuration in tissue like mantle gill, gonad; it might be due to depuration of accumulated Zinc stress. The results of study are discussed in the light of Zinc impact on these mussels.

3 tables, 14 ref

019494   Kaur A;Rose H S;Sidhu A K (NO, Kamla Nehru College for Women, Phagwara-144 401) : Observations on the biology and chetotaxy of type-species tarache lucida (hufner)(lepidoptera:noctuidae). Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(1), 1-9.

Malva parviflora Linnaeus of family Malvaceae has been recorded as the larval food plant of Tarache lucida (Hufner). The life history, gross morphology and duration of various life history stages of this species have been recorded. The larval and oviposition behaviour, and the chaetotaxy of last instar larva have also been studied in details.

2 illus, 6 ref

019493   Gore G;Nanware S;Jadhav B (Zoology Dep, Shree Sant Gadge Maharaj Mahavidyalaya, Loha-431 708) : Anoplocephalidean cestode genus Mogheia (Lopez-neyra, 1944) from Milvus migrans with description of a new species. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(1), 125-7.

Deals with a new species of the genus Mogheia Lopez-Neyra 1944 from Milvus migrans. The form differs from all known species of the genus with characters, scolex rectangular, suckers four, mature proglottids broader than long, testes 14-16, cirrus pouch oval, cylindrical and ovary not distinctly bilobed. Vagina thin, posterior to cirrus pouch and vitelline gland posterior to ovary. Genital pores regularly alternate.

1 illus, 10 ref

019492   Ghorai R;Chaudhuri N;Senapati S K (Agricultural Entomology Dep, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari-736 166) : Age specific life-fecundity table of Antheraea assama Ww. On Litsea polyantha. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(1), 17-20.

Studies on the life fecundity table of Antheraea assama Ww. on Litsea polyantha in terai region of West Bengal, India revealed that the net reproductive rate of females (18.7546) and innate capacity for increase in number (0.0581) of September-October generation was higher which suggests higher level of population in the subsequent generations from October. The higher potential fecundity value in October-November (116.66) and September-October (108.52) resulted in higher rate of egg laying during October-November. The minimum values of R0 and hypothetical F₂ female in May-June (3.278 and 10.745) generation resulted in population declination after June. The survival value was recorder more in March-April (0.31) suggested higher rearing performance. Therefore, October-November can be considered as the favourable season for egg production and March-April for rearing.

1 table, 13 ref,

019491   Deshpande V Y;Muley D V;Bhilave M P (Department of Zoology, Yashwantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara-415 001) : Pyrethroid induced respiratory changes in Labeo rohita. Nat Envir Pollut Technol 2007, 6(2), 277-80.

The acute (96 hrs) effects on exposure to sublethal and lethal concentrations of synthetic pyrethroids, fenvalerate 20 EC and cypermethrin 25 EC were studied by a static bioassay method on the fmgerlings of a freshwater carp, Labeo rohita. The sublethal concentrations of fenvalerate and cypermethrin were 2.7 ppb and 3 ppb while lethal concentrations were 4.8 ppb and 5 ppb respectively. The rate of oxygen consumption was determined at these concentrations after every 24 hours. It was found that, as compared to the control, there was change in the rate of oxygen consumption. In general, there was increase in the rate of oxygen consumption due to the effect of both the pyrethroids.

2 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

019490   Daniel S;Prasanna Kumar S (Zoology and Research Centre Dep, Scott Christian College (Autonomous), Nagercoil-629 003) : The bioenergetic parameters of the nymphal instars of Rhynocoris fuscipes fabricius (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae) on prey, Corcyra cephalonica stainton. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(2), 237-40.

Evaluation of bioenergetic parameters such as food consumption, conversion rate, net conversion efficiencies and predatory value of the nymphal instars of Rhynocoris fuscipes Fabricius when fed on Corcyra cephalonica Stainton indicated an inverse relationship between conversion efficiency and predatory value of the nymphal instars of the predator. The conversion efficiency was highest in the fifth instar (81.88%) and the highest predatory value was also observed in the fifth instar (3.02 ± 0.80 mg).

1 illus, 21 ref

019489   Bhat S A;Nataraju B (Silkworm Pathology Labortory Central Sericultural Research and Trainin, Srirampura, Mysore-570 008) : Studies on the portals of entry of Lamerin microsporidia (Lb_ms) in its host. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(2), 195-9.

In the study an attempt has been made to evaluate portals of entry of Lb_ms by administrating (l x10⁷ spores/ ml) to disease free Lamerin breed of the silkworm. Bombyx mori L through mouth, integument and egg surface. Results indicated that per os inoculation to newly ecdysed 1st instar larvae and surface contamination of eggs on blue egg stage enter into the host by way of mouth and digestive tract and caused pathologies. However topical application of microsporidia could not penetrate the integument of the larvae and failed to produce disease in the silkworm. Thus it is concluded that microsporidia (Lb_ms) must enter through a certain route, if it is introduced / administrated by a route, other than the one to which it adopted, failed to gain foothold.

2 tables, 16 ref

019488   Bashir Ifat;Sharma S D (Silkworm Pathology Lavoratory, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore-570 008) : Rate of spread of microsporidiosis by five different microsporidia within a healthy colony of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L.. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(2), 205-09.

Microsporidian carrier larvae (1. 3, 5 and 7) infected with five different strains (NIK- 1Pr, NIK- 1Cc, NIK- 1Cpy, NIK- 1So and NIK- 1Dp) of microsporidia were introduced into healthy colonies of 99, 97. 95 and 93 larvae respectively. Mortality during larval and pupal stage was recorded. All the moths emerged from the reared larvae were tested individually. The total percent infection increased proportionately with the increase in the number of infected carrier larvae introduced. In 1 carrier larva introduced batches, the total infection percent was 21.67,10.33. 35.00, 27.00 and 13.33 respectively and in 7 carrier larvae introduced batches, the total infection percent was 35.00, 25.00, 50.33, 45.67 and 27.33 respectively in NIK- 1Pr, NIK- 1Cc. NIK- 1Cpy, NIK- 1So and NIK- 1Dp compared to Nosema bombycis where the total infection percent ranged from 47.00 to 74.00 respectively in 1 and 7 carrier larvae introduced batches. In the present study, the extrusion of pathogen by infected silkworms through gut juice, faecal matter and decomposed dead body and thereby causing the spread of disease by secondary contamination in a healthy colony has been assessed.

1 table, 17 ref

019487   Aher S K;Mane U H;Pawar B A (Zoology Dep, New Arts, Commerce and Science College, Ahmednagar-414 001) : Lipid and moisture content of Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck) from Kagdipura swamp in relation to reproductive cycle. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2008, 28(2), 171-8.

Seasonal changes in the lipid and moisture content of Lamellidens marginalis from Kagdipura swamp was studied in relation to reproductive cycle. Lipid content in the gonad elevate during maturation (summer) and decreased during spawning (monsoon). During winter season lipid content increased in the gonad while simultaneous drop was observed in hepatopancreas. During summer, i.e. prespawning period the lipid content increased in gonadal tissue and decreased in the posterior adductor muscle. Lipid content in siphon depleted during summer, a period of drastic conditions. Among different tissues, the lipid content was maximum in hepatopancreas and minimum in the gill. Among different seasons, the pooled lipid content was maximum during summer and minimum during monsoon. The advancement towards maturity was associated with a very rapid fall of moisture in the gonad. Among different tissues, on average moisture content was maximum in the foot and minimum in the gill. The pooled moisture content was minimum during summer but increased during monsoon and post monsoon (maximum). High moisture content during monsoon and post monsoon indicates breeding period and low during winter to summer representing period of rest. In the first period moisture content was high while in the second lipid showed rise. Moisture content in the gonad, hepatopancreas, mantle and anterior adductor muscle showed inverse relation with lipid content during all the seasons.

2 illus, 2 tables, 24 ref

018410   Vidyarani W;Lal P (Life Sci Dep, Manipur Univ, Canchipur, Manipur) : Seasonal changes in body weight, gonad size and activity of the spotted munia, Lonchura punctulata in the imphal valley. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 115-24.

Annual body weight and gonad cycles in both male and female spotted munia were investigated in resident birds of Imphal valley and transplanted birds from Varanasi (U.P.) to Imphal valley. A significant variation in mean body weight of birds (P <60> 0.5) of both the lots was observed with peak value during August/September and lowest during November and February. In both the sexes, resident birds showed earlier gonadal growth than the transplanted birds during the first breeding cycle of study. However, in the following year all the birds followed a parallel gonadal and body weight cycle It was estimated that humidity played a major role to synchronize the body weight and gonadal cycle in both the resident and transplanted birds.

2 illus, 4 tables, 12 ref

018409   Verma A K;Singh A K;Srivastava V C (P.G. Zool Dep, Kamla Nehru Inst of Phys & Soc Sci, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : On a new hymenolepid cestode, coronacanthus ashoki N.Sp., from the mole, Crocidura murianus (Linn). Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 148-50.

A new species Coronacanthus ashoki n.sp. has been de cribed from the mole, Crocidura murianus from Sultanpur, India. The species is compared with C. magnihamatus.

4 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

018408   Tiwari M;Saify T;Tiwari S L (Safia Coll, , Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh) : Effect of physico-chemical parameters on plankton population of Bhopal lakes and ponds. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 37-40.

All the 18 lakes and ponds in Bhopal Distt. were studied to analyse the effect of change in Physico-chemical parameters on the planktons population and distribution. Due to manhandling of these water bodies, the parameters changed, which led to population fluctuation of phytoplanktons.

3 tables, 2 ref

018407   Thomas Nithiyanandam G;Maruthanayagam C; Visvanathan P (Post Graduate Research and Wild Life Biology Dep, A.V.C. College, Mayiladuthurai, Tamil Nadu) : Effect of sublethal level of a pesticide, monocrotophos, on haematology of Cyprinus carppio during the exposure and recovery periods. Nat Envir Pollut Technol 2007, 6(4), 615-21.

Acute toxicity of monocrotophos on the common edible freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio has been studied. The fish were procured and their sublethal, median lethal and lethal doses for 120 hours were assessed as 100 ppm, 156.92ppm and 250 ppm respectively. From the 24 hours LC₅₀ and 48 hours LC₅₀ values, the presumable harmless concentration was calculated as 53.46 ppm to which the fish were introduced. Haematological studies were carried out with reference to Hb, PCV, TEC, TLC, and other absolute values such as MCV, MCH and MCHC. During the exposure period, a reduction in haemoglobin content, packed cell volume and total erythrocyte count was observed. During recovery period, the fish overcame the stress induced by the toxicant by the continuous detoxification process, as a result of which the Hb, PCV and TEC increased and TLC decreased progressively to attain the normal level.

2 tables, 42 ref

018406   Srivastava P K;Roy D (Zoology Dep, S.M.M. Town (P.G.) College, Ballia-277 001) : Effects of preservation on biochemical composition of Ceriodaphnia cornuta. J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(1), 7-11.

Zooplankton are valuable source of energy, protein, lipids and minerals. Because of their limited availability throughout the year, their preservation is necessary which may lead to nutritional devaluation. Preservation of Ceriodaphnia camula in the study at two different temperatures, 4°C and -20°C showed that there was decrease in nutritional quality in both the cases. Preservation for various periods (24 h, 48 hand 72 h) at 4°C led to decrease in protein content by 45-57% while at -20°C the protein contents were lowered only by 4-8%. The carbohydrate contents decreased by 34-61 % at 4°C but at -20°C the decrease was limited to 20-29%. Similarly, the lipid contents too were reduced by 42-83% following different hours of preservation at 4°C and by 35-57% following preservation for different periods at -20°V. Obviously, the rate of decrease in total lipid content at 4°C and -20° C temperature was much higher than that of protein and carbohydrate. However, preservation at -20°C is comparatively better as it exerts limited effect on protein and carbohydrate contents.

6 illus, 25 ref

018405   Srivastav A K;Khare R K;Sahu V K (Parasitalogical Lab, Zool Dep, Bipin Bihari (P.G.) Coll, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh) : New pseudophyllidean, Mastalobothrium agarawali N.G., N. sp. from Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepede). Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 209-12.

New pseudophyllidean genus, Mastalobothrium n.g. and its type species .Mastalobothrium agarawali n.g., n.sp. has been recorded from the inestines of fresh a water fishes, Mastacembelus armatus (Lacapede). Salient feature of the genus is the presence of single row of rostellar hooks.

4 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

018404   Singh D;Mahendru V K (Zool Dep, Khandelwal Coll of Mgmt, Sci and Technol, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh) : Reproductive physiology of the giant african land snail, Achatina fulica, in relation to the effect of a chemosterilant, cyclophosphamide. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 125-30.

Achatina fulica, the pest of vegetable crops and intermediate host of lung worm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis in mammals was fed with three different doses i.e. 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg and 0.4 mg/snail of Cyclophosphamide mixed with wet wheat flour bait and its effect over spawning, egg laying capability, embryonic development, hatchability, nucleic acid concentration and activity of alkaline phosphatase in the ovotestis were studied. Exposure to this chemosterilant not only significantly reduced the number of eggs laid and spawns produced but also produced eggs which did not complete the embryonic development and died before hatching. It was found that the changes in reproductive ability of the treated snails were associated with corresponding decrease in the levels of DNA, RNA and the activity of the enzyme, alkaline phosphatase in the ovotestis. So these biochemical parameters were studied to correlate these with the egg laying capability of treated snails.

3 tables, 30 ref

018403   Shukla S;Chandra S;Pramod Kumar;Singh B; Sharma J;Sharma U D (P.G. Zool Dep, B.S.N.V.P.G. Coll6pLucknow-226 001, ) : Report on antipredator strategy in common silverline butterfly (Lepidoptera-Lycaenidae). Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 180-2.

False head on the hindwings of common silverline butterfly, Spindasis vulcanus (Lepidoptera-Lycaenidae) was studied and its importance in diverting the attention of predators has been discussed.

3 illus, 6 ref

018402   Sharma P;Dixit m (Zool Dep, S.M.S. Sci Coll, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh) : Effect of coumesterol on morphology of pups of exposed mother at different days of gestation. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 131-3.

Administration of phytoestrogen causes disturbances in reproductive cycles and the morphology of reproductive tract. Coumesterol is a well known phytoestrogen present in many plants, mimics the estrogenic effect. Coumesterol administered orally at 5,10 and 25 mg/kg doses during different days of pregnancy in female rats and the delivered pups was studied for vaginal opening, vaginal cornification, sex ratio and fur appearance. Observations revealed that, the administration of coumesterol during gestation induced metabolic changes in the foetus without affecting the sex ratio and fur appearance. The delayed vaginal cornification and opening of vagina along with reproductive disorders showed the estrogenic properties of coumestrol.

1 table, 6 ref

018401   Saxena R;Saxena R (Pest & Parasite Res Lab. II, Zool Dep, Bareilly Coll, Bareilly-243 005) : Life cycle and fecundity of hadda beetle, epilachna 28 punctata in relation to seasonal abundance. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 200-2.

Life history and survival period of hadda beetle, Epilachna 28 punctata was studied in Bareilly region of Uttar Pradesh. It was noticed that Epilachna 28 punctata completed seven marked generations in a year. These generations completed their life cycle in 45.72, 31.31, 30.44, 31.09, 34.13, 37.59, 40.09 days in which 1st generation was the longest with 45.72 days and 3rd generation was the shortest with 30.44 days. While the fecundity was the highest in 3rd generation with 446.5 eggs/female and the lowest in 7th generation with 315.60 eggs/female.

1 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

018400   Sastry M S;Masram A (Zool Dep, RTM Nagpur Univ, Nagpur-440 033) : Correlative changes in the body weight, testicular weight, testis size and serum testosterone concentration in the Indian flying fox, Rousettus leschenaulti (Desmerest) during reproductive cycle. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 107-14.

The specimens of Rousettus leschenaulti were collected with the help of mist net from natural population inhabiting abandoned mines in Mansar/Kandri near Nagpur, Maharashtra once every calender month covering the two peaks of reproductive cycle. Body weight, testicular weight, testicular size were estimated. Blood samples were collected without using anesthesia and were thenafter allowed to clot at room temperature for testosterone estimation. The serum testosterone concentrations fluctuated from 1. 6 to 8.3 ng/ml. Thus lower peaks of testosterone during May, June, July, August coincided with no spermatogenic activity, lower body mass, lower testicular 'size and weight. Short peaks of testosterone during September, October, January and April coincided with active spermatogenesis, but no secretion in the sex accessory glands, partial increase in the body weight, testicular size and weight. Whereas higher peaks 1 and 2 during November, December, February and March conicided with active spermatogenesis, secretory activity of sex accessory glands and mating behaviour including male-male competition, aggression, exposure to receptive females, copulation, further increase in the body and testis weight and testicular size. In conclusion, serum concentrations changed in parallel with the known morphological transition of testes and bodymass. The present findings contribute significantly to the wild life reproduction and thereof wild life protection and behaviour ecology studies.

4 illus, 1 table, 26 ref

018399   Sarma D;Dutta A;Choudhury M (Zoology Dep, Goalpara College, Goalpara, Assam) : Limnology and fisheries of Urpod beel, Goalpara, Assam. J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(1), 51-4.

Limnology, hydrobiology and fisheries of Urpod beel, Goalpara (Assam) was assessed from 1999 to 200 I to evaluate their roles in the fish yield. Physico-chemical parameters of the beel were observed favorable for fishery. Biological parameters such as plankton populations and primary productivity level fluctuated in the permissible limit.

4 tables, 15 ref

018398   Samani A;tripathi S;Ram Lal (Forest Products Division, Wood Preservation Discipline, forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun-248 006) : Performance evaluation of fire retardant compositions for plywood treatment. J Timb Dev Ass India 2007, 53(1-2), 10-21.

Deals with the treatment of plywood with five different fire retardant cum preservative compositions to offer protection against fire and bio-deterioration. The performance of treated plywood against fire is tested by flame penetration test, inflammability test and rate of burning test as per Indian standards. Combination no. IV and V performed best among all five combinations tested.

3 illus, tables, 8 ref

018397   Salgare S A (Salgare Res Foundation Pvt Ltd, Prathamesh Society, , Shivaji Chowk, Karjat-410 201, Email: drsalgar@rediffmail.com) : Occasional occurrence of the prior division of the zygotic nucleus in Alysicarpus vaginalis DC. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 83-4.

^ssc10 ref

018396   Ram Lal;Samani A;Tripathi S;Nautiyal S N (Wood Preservation Discipline, Forest Products Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehra Dun) : Preservative loading through modified boucherie process in bamboo with and without branches. J Timb Dev Ass India 2007, 53(1-2), 22-6.

Treatment of freshly felled culms of Bambusa nutans with and without branches by modified Boucherie method is reported. The cut ends of bamboo culm were sealed either with dobefil and hardner or fevicol. The results showed that Bamboo culm without branches and sealed with hardner required less preservative for treatment and gave better retention of preservative in middle and top portions of the bamboo.

1 table, 10 ref

018395   Prasad B B;Mishra A K;Ahmad N;Eqbal M Z (Industrial Fish & Fisheries, SNS Coll, Motihari-845 401) : Fecundity, gonado somatic index and diameter of Puntius Ticto. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 193-9.

Fecundity, Gonado Somatic Index and Ova Diameter of the test fish P ticto were studied and found that total fecundity ranged from 1168 to 5590 in different length/ weight groups. The fecundity per gm of body wt was 741-849 and per gm ovary wt was 3726-5694. Fecundity has been found to be related to fish length, wt and ovary. The peak values of GSI in the month of May were found 1.46394 in male and 19.11486 in female, which fell sharply in June, i.e. male having 0.96106 and female having 9.32705 which coincided with the mature stage and spawning stage respectively. Ova diameter progression studies exhibited high values of ova diameter i.e. 0.83-0.84 mm in June and July forming peak.

4 illus, 4 tables, 24 ref

018394   Pathan D M;Jadhav B V;Srivastav A K (NO, Shrikrishna Mahavidyalaya, Gunjoti, Osmanabad, Maharashtra) : Revision of the genus Uncibilocularis (Eucestoda : Tetraphyllidea) from marine fishes from Maharashtra, India. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 137-47.

Survey of cestodes from marine fishes from West Coast of Maharashtra, India is being presented on the basis of the taxonomic evaluation. Cestodes were collected from marine fishes. The present communication deals with the genus Uncibilocularis.

4 illus, 9 ref

018393   Pai I K (Zool Dep, Goa univ, Goa-403 206) : Avifauna between cape of good hope to antarctica. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 101-3.

Southern Ocean and Antarctic oceans, lying between Africa and Antarctica in general and south and sub tropical convergence area in particular is known for rich nutrients and marine diversity including plankton and fishes, which in turn, supports avifauna of both migratory and non migratory nature. Observations made in the above area during XX Indian Antarctic Expedition reveals the presence of 34 species of birds including petrels, albatross, penguin's etc.

1 table, 6 ref

018392   Ojha N;Pandey M K (NO, ICAR Project Centre, LMV Hafizpur, Baniapur, Saran (Bihar)) : Co-existence of the fishes in the flood prone areas with particular reference to the paddy field. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 159-60.

Fresh water fish culture aims at achieving the highest possible fish production from pond, tanks, swamps, hill streams, lakes, and reservoirs. The techniques of fish cultivations involve both management of soil and water physicochemical and biological parameters. However, unlike major agricultural crops, fish do not consume water and compared to any bird or mammal used for husbandry process. They have the highest fecundity. These two criteria go very much in favour of fish cultivations. Besides fish have the property to high food quality rich in protein and vitamin and contain fat calcium, phosphorous and other nutrients necessary for human health and growth.

2 tables, 11 ref

018391   Nirmal Singh;Gupta P K (Zoology Dep, Kumaun University, D.S.B. Campus, Nainital-263 002) : Taxonomic status of the mosquitofish, Gambusia, in lake Nainital (Uttarakhand, India). J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(2), 62-4.

3 illus, 13 ref

018390   Natekar P E (Anatom Dep, Goa Med Coll, Bambolim-403 202, Email: drpenatekar@hotmail.com) : Methotrexate induced gross malformations in chick embryos. J hum Ecol 2007, 21(3), 223-6.

Methotrexate is a drug that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis; Reiter's syndrome, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ectopic pregnancy and other conditions. Since methotrexate is well known for its teratogenic effects in humans, the present study is conducted to observe its effect on chick embryos. A single injection of 0.01 2 mg of methotrexate was injected into the yolk sac of chick embryos on 5th day of incubation. The eggs were sacrificed on 19th day of incubation to see for any gross malformations. The spectrum of gross malformations recorded were stunted growth, scanty feathers, beak deformities, short wings and ectopia viscerale. These findings support the malformations caused by the teratogenic drug methotrexate.

1 table, 32 ref

018389   Mishra D K;Bohidar K;Pandey A K (Zoology Dep, Deogarh Collge, Deogarh-768 119) : Occurrence of vesicles in the pituitary gland of the freshwater teleost, Channa punctatus (Bloch). J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(1), 68-71.

^ssc8 illus, 14 ref

018388   Mian A;Ghani U I (NO, Inst of Pure and Appl Biol, Bahauddin Zakariya Univ, Multan, Pakistan, Email: afsarmianpk@yahoo.com) : Macro-biota variation under human protection in desert ecosystem of Cholistan (Pakistan). J hum Ecol 2007, 21(3), 163-72.

Overexploitation is frequently believed to seriously affect the simpler ecosystem, like, deserts, and protection has been a suggested remedy without sufficient data. This attempt tries to provide some supportive data in this direction. Sand dunes and flats from Cholistan desert (Punjab, Pakistan) were sampled from five different protection levels, i.e., intensively protected enclosure, long protected (since 1972), newly protected (since 1984), unprotected and overgrazed, using quadrat method (plants = layer by layer analysis, mammals and birds = 10 - 15 km'), capture along transect line (reptiles), indirect evidences and pit fall trap (nocturnal animals and walking insects), snap trapping (small-rodents) and "sweep nets (flying insects). The ANOYA and linear regression equation suggest a significant difference in the species diversity under different protections and that each protection level adds 6.2 species. The species diversity and relative abundance exhibits a direct linear correlation (r = 0.85) under increasing protection. There have been different patterns in changing density/ relative abundance of different species under different protections, which is expected under the habitat requirements and palatability of each species, but generally the species abundance has increased with increasing protection. This effect is more pronounced in sand dunes as compared with saline flats. Species composition has also changed with protection. Generally low values of association chi-square appear between faunal compositions of different localities, except that between newly protected and unprotected localities, suggesting independence of each locality.

5 tables, 50 ref

018387   Mandal D K (Zoology Dep, Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan-731 235) : Annual histological changes in the testes of a minor carp, Labeo bata (Hamilton). J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(1), 1-6.

Developmental activities in the testes of Labeo bata exhibits annual variations which can be divided into five distinguishable phases on the basis of gonado-somatic index (GSI) and histological conditions. Spermatogonial proliferation began in the germinal epithelium during resting phase (October- November) when they appeared as cysts in the lobules and continued till the preparatory phase (December-March). During this period primary spermatocytes are produced in huge quantity. However, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa appeared subsequently during maturation phase (April to May). Spawning phase (June to August) is characterized by very enlarged lobules with full of spermatozoa, whereas post-spawning phase (September) is the period of regression, when spermatozoa are degenerated by pycnosis leaving the lobules with only a few residual spermatozoa and peripheral spermatogonia. Interstitial Leydig's cells are found throughout the reproductive cycle with peak abundance during maturation phase.

8 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

018386   Magare S R (Zool Dep, A.S. Mandal's, C.H.C. Arts, S.G.P. Comm. & B.B.J.P. Sci Coll, Taloda, Dist-Nandurbar-425 413) : Biodiversity of freshwater molluscs from satpuda mountains and Tapi river with reference to vector snails. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 161-4.

Study area comprised eight different sampling stations in about 80 sq.km. Zone of Nandurbar district in and around Satpuda mountain ranges. A montt-dy collection of molluscan animals was carried out from four different rivers viz. Tapi, Gomai, Khardi and Unai. Six sampling stations (S₁-S₆) were located in Satpuda mountain ranges while four sampling stations (S-S₁₀) were from plain area at the base of Satpuda mountain ranges. The work was carried out for Iwo years. Fifteen species of molluscs were recorded from which 12 species were from Gastropoda and three from Pelecypoda. The sites of sampling stations were categorized in two sectors. Sector- I (S₁-S6) represents eight molluscs from Ihree families (Lymnaedae, Planorbidae and Succinidae). In sector-II (S₇-S₁₀) seven molluscs from three families (Thiaridae, Viviparidae and Uninoidae) were recorded. Seven gastropod species were identified as vectors of parasitic diseases.

1 illus, 5 tables, 11 ref

018385   Lomte V S;Zambare S P;Gulbhile S D (Zool Dep, Dr. B.A. Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad-431 004, Email: sureshchandraz@yahoo.co.in) : Distribution of the freshwater bivalves in the water bodies of Marathwada region. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 134-6.

Different water reservoirs and rivers from the Marathwada region were surveyed for the biodiversity of bivalves. It was observed that there were four major species as Lamellidens corrianus, Lamellidens marginalis, Parreysia corrugata and Indonaia caeruleus available in the water of Marathwada region. Beside these species, there was a species of Corbiculid, the Corbicula regularis which was very rare and it being small was not useful for the food value and its shell was also not nacreous, therefore it was not important for the aquaculture. The details of the surveyed places and the availability of the bivalve species in different habitats were accounted. Their ecological biodiversity were studied and the data were prepared.

1 table, 6 ref

018384   Krishna Rao D S (Reservoir Fisheries Div of Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, , Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore-560 089) : Biology of the catfish, Mystus cavasius (Ham.), in the Hemavathi reservoir (Cauvery river system, Karnataka). J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(1), 35-9.

Investigations were made on the biology of the catfish, Mystus cavasius, from Hemavathi reservoir, constructed across the river Hemavathi under Cauvery basin. The principal physical features of the reservoir are- latitude: 12°40° N, area: 8502 ha at FRL, maximum depth: 40.2 m, mean depth: 12.4 m, flushing rate: 3.47 and catchment to reservoir area ratio: 1050.6. The logarithmic regression equation for the length-weight relationship for the pooled samples was log W = -1.833 + 2.83 log L (r=0.89). The ratio of males to females was 1 : 1.44. The fish is predominantly an insectivorous predator and feeds in the littoral region. Fish or fish remains did not form part of the diet. In gravid females, the mean (maximum) gonado-somatic index (GSI) was around 10%. The GSI peaked during March to June followed by a precipitous fall in the subsequent month. The spawning season was sharp and well defined and was during June - July (early monsoon). Fecundity varied from 2,550 (TL 17 cm, Wt 50 g) to 71,324 (TL 26.5 cm, Wt 188 g). Relative fecundity was 206. Fecundity was positively correlated with the length and body weight and was highly significant. Mystus cavasius contributed 9.6 to 37.7% to the total commercial fish landings during the period 2001-04 and the fish was transported to Kolkata for marketing.

7 illus, 14 ref

018383   Khan S;Dwivedi A C;Mishra P (Fisheries Dep, N.D.U.A. & T., Kumarganj, Faizabad-224 229) : Sex ratio and exploitation structure of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton) in the tributary of the Ganga river system (Ghaghara river). Biomed 2007, 18(1-2), 7-12.

Theoretically, the expected sex ratio of males and females is 1:1. The sex ratio is very important to the reproduction of a population. The fish samples were obtained at random during the December 2003 to November 2004. The specimens of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton) varying between the 1 + to 6+ age groups. The sex ratio of male was higher than female in 3+ and 6+ age groups, while female was higher,than male in 2+, 4+ and 5+ age groups. Chi-square values were varied from 0.12 to 1.0 and all values non-significant. In case of 1 + age group male and female both was equal. In the stock, sex ratio of male and female was 1: 1.08 which was close to expected sex ratio 1:1. The structure of male was 50.00%, 46.87%, 52.94%, 40.00%, 40.00% and 66.67% in 1+, 2, 3, 4,5 and 6 age groups, respectively. In the stock, structure of male and female 48.04% and 51.95%. The maximum exploitation was recorded in 1+ age group (35.75%) and minimum (1.67%) in 6+ age group. The abrupt decline was recorded from the age group 2+ to 3+ After 3+ age group exploitation was decline systematic. Overall lower and middle age groups were highly exploited.

3 illus, 2 tables, 34 ref

018382   Jawahar Abraham T (Fishery Pathology and Microbiology Dep, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal Univesity of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 5, Budherhat Roa, ) : Response of Penaeus monodon to oral exposure to raw and cooked white spot syndrome virus infected tissue. J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(1), 64-5.

^ssc 6 ref

018381   Jana D;Nagesh T S (Fishery Biology and Resources Management Dep, Faculty of Fishery Scien, WBUAFS, 5, Budherhat Road, Panchasayar, Kolkata-700 094) : Karyological analysis of three threatened freshwater fishes of West Bengal. J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(1), 60-3.

^ssc1 illus, 17 ref

018380   Gupta Y C;Gupta Y K (Zool Dep, B.S.A. Coll, Mathura-281 001) : Description of a new species of Lathroielia anderson, 1989 from India. J ent Res 2007, 31(4), 363-7.

Genus Lathriovelia is hitherto known by a single species viz., L. capitata Anderson, from West Malaysia. The Genus is recorded for the first from India by two species of which one viz., L. pronota is new to the sciences.

19 illus, 5 ref

018379   Goswami M M;Hazarika R;Saud B J (UGC-SAP (DRS) Project, Zoology Dep, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781 014) : Induced spawning, embryonic and larval development of Pangasius pangasius (Hamilton - Buchanan). J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(2), 1-9.

Deals with the induced spawning of Pangasius pangasius in Circular Eco Hatchery (CEH) and study of embryonic and larval development. Two induced breeding trials were conducted separately in altogether 18 fishes by administering synthetic ovatide hormone. Spawning response observed to a dose of 0.3-0.4 ml hormone per kg body weight (BW) in male and 0.6-0.7 ml per kg BW in female. The specially designed nest or egg collectors were used in the breeding pool. Hatching took place within 24-26 hours at 28-31°C water temperature. Only 22-28% hatching success was recorded due to outbreak of fungal infection in the fertilized eggs in egg collectors. Early embryonic development up to blastula stage was not distinct due to opaqueness of the egg. Formation of yolk plug was noticed at 8.2 hours. The hatchlings were light yellow in colour with a large yolk sac after 72 hours of fertilization. After 21 days of hatching the larvae developed structural configuration of the adult. The larvae survived till 21 days in flow-through system in plastic and earthen tubs.

13 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref

018378   Chinglenkhomba A;Gambhir R K;Tarnita T H; Gyaneswori I;Indrani C H (Parasitological Lab, Life Sci Dep, Manipur Univ, Canchipur-795 003) : Thelastoma imphalensis, a new nematode of the family thelastomatidae from Periplaneta Americana of Imphal, Manipur. Flora Fauna 2007, 13(1), 206-8.

In an investigation on nematode parasites of insects, four specimens of Periplaneta american a were found to harbour a new species of the genus Thelastoma³. On perual of this nematode, it occurs to be new to science and are thus described as a new species T. imphalensis, n. sp.

6 illus, 7 ref

018377   Channa A;Mir I H (Post Graduate Dep of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190 006) : Neutral and acid mucin in the intestinal tract and gills of Schizothorax curvifrons Heckel. J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(2), 32-4.

Histochemical localization of mucin and its functional significance in different portions of the intestinal tract and gills of Schizothorax curvifrons has been studied. Both neutral and acidic mucus secreting cells were observed in the entire intestinal tract and all along the gill epithelium. However, the reaction for acid mucin is observed to be more pronounced than the neutral mucin throughout the intestinal tract. Nevertheless, the gills exhibit unifoformly intense reaction for both neutral and acidic mucin.

8 illus, 10 ref

018376   Chakraborty R;Das S K;Behera S;Nagesh T S; Ismile Khan M (Fishery Biology and Resource Management Dep, Faculty of Fishery Scienc, WBUAFS, 5, Budherhat Road, Chakgaria, P.O. Panchasayar, Kolkata-700 094) : Body composition in relation to gonado-somatic index in Channa striatus (Bloch). J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(1), 66-7.

^ssc2 illus, 9 ref

018375   Bordoloi S;Saha S (Resource Management and Environment Div, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati-781 035) : Record of Clupisoma montana (Hora) from Assam and comparative study with related species. J Inld Fish Soc India 2007, 39(2), 23-31.

Study reports a thriving population of C. montana both from Amingaon, Kukurmara near Guwahati in Kamrup district and beels of Goalpara district, Assam and details a comparative account of morphometric characters of C. garua, C. montana and Eutropiichthys vacha. This is the first population report of C. montana from Assam.

3 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref