017263   Rajput S;Joshi V D;Gupta N;Khan V;Saxena A K (Zoology Dep, Government P.G. College, Kotdwara, Uttarananchal, Email: akcsir@rediffmail.com) : Population dynamics of phthiraptera on Indian bank Myna, Acridoheres ginginianus. Entomon 2009, 34(2), 99-102.

Population characteristics of three phthirapteran species (Brueelia ginginianus, Sturnidoecus bannoo and Menacanthus eurysternus) on 147 Bank Myna (Acridotheres ginginaius) were recorded during 2007, in the district Bijnore, U.P.. India. Frequency distribution patterns of all the species were aggregated but failed to correspond the negative binomial model.

1 table, 13 ref

017262   Pandharikar S D;Pandharikar N S (Reader in Zoology, G.S. College, Khamgaon) : Comparative study on aquatic depollutioning of cattle dungs for mass culture of zooplankton. Vidarbha J Sci 2010, 5(2), 50-3.

Though aquatic resources are very vast, due to the various uncontrolled activities and pollution there is a derth of water for feasible activities. So there is a need to depollute the available water and make its prudent use specially for aquatic life. In rural India, cows and buffaloes are maintained for white revolution, generating their dung as organic material, a part of which goes into village ponds by washing, drainage, seepage etc. polluting the water. Therefore it was essential to evaluate biodegradation of cattle dungs in those ponds and consequent reduction of these aquatic pollutants due to recycling in the form of biomass such as filter feeding zooplankters. The zooplankton forms the tenate for growth of economically aquatic forms like fishes and prawns. Lot of work has been made on mass culturing of various filter feeding zooplanktons, which in turn forage upon the biomass of planktonic microbes in the aquatic media. The above studies have provided dependable technique known as phased fertilization technique for mass culturing of various filter-feeding zooplankters. Comparison while recycling of cattle dungs along with other organic substances was observed using the zooplankter Apocyclops dengizicus Lepeshkin, 1900. The objective has been to utilize such products which are organically rich, very cheap and easily available for large scale field application for mass culture of zooplankton as alternative for other phased fertilizers, in aquacultural practices.

8 ref

017261   Pal T K;Basak P K (NO, , Zoological Survey of India, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053, Email: basak.prabir@rediffmail.com) : Bothrideridae of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Indian with description of a new species (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea). Entomon 2009, 34(2), 83-7.

Four species of Bothrideridae viz., Pseudobothrideres velatus Grouvelle, Pseudobothrideres abbreviatus sp. nov., Erotylathrisphilippinensis Motschulsky, and Machhtes porcatus Pascoe are recorded from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. A description of the new species is given.

1 illus, 6 ref

017260   Nath S;Rai A;Chhetri N;Lepcha P (Post Graduate Dep of Zoology, Bidhannagar Govt. College, EB-2, Sector I, Kolkata-700 064, Email: susanta_nath@yahoo.com) : Food preferences of a pest grasshopper, Atractomorpha crenulata (Fabr.) (Orthoptera:Acridoidae) from Darjeeling hill. Entomon 2009, 34(2), 111-13.

A laboratory study was made of food preferences of a pest grasshopper, Atractomorpha crenulata (Fabr.) from Darjeeling Hill, West Bengal, India. Among 13 plant species of 10 families tested Daucus carota, Adiantun caudatum and Hemartheria compressa were the most preferred. Bambusa vulgaris and Amomum subulatum were rejected. The study revealed that A. crenulata has the potential to become a pest of carrot, potato, wheat, tea, raya, onion, rraize, squash and pea among the crops and that whip grass and fern may serve as reservoir weeds.

1 table, 2 ref

017259   Mohanraj J;Johnson J A;Ranjan R;Johnson L; Pandi U;Shunmugaraj T (Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology Dep, Kamaraj College, Tuticorin-628 003, Email: jmohanraj@bsnl.in) : Coral reef associated gastropods in tuticorin coast of gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve, India. Indian J Sci Technol 2010, 3(2), 204-6.

Coral reef associated gastropods diversity study was undertaken in Tuticorin group of islands (Hare, Vaan and Koswari). Underwater survey was made in three quadrants (10 sq.m) in each site. A sum of 40 species of gastropods were recorded from the study area. Most of the species are commonly found in three islands. Twelve were rare viz,, Ficus ficus, Colubraria muricata, Casmaria erinaceus, Natica didyma, Nerita polita, Rapana bulbosa, Purpura rudolphi, Strombussp., Architectonica perspectiva, Cypraea tigris, Cymatium lotorium andHaustellum haustellum were reported form the study area. Species diversity and richness were found to be higher in the Vaan island.

1 illus, 2 tables, 8 ref

017258   Mitra B;Parui P (Diptera Section, Zoological Suevry of India, Kolkata-700 053) : Dipteran insects from the great Nicobar biosphere reserve. Bionotes 2010, 12(2), 54-5.

3 ref

017257   Mishra A B (Zoology Dep, P N D Agricultural College, Gajsinghpur-335 024) : Effect of relative humidity on the swallowing of food material in the intestine of silk worm (Bombux mori). Bhartiya Vaigyanik Evam Audyogik Anusandhan Patrika 2008, 16(2), 116-19.

Study was carried out to find out the effect of relative humidity on the swallowing of food material in the intestine of silk worm. Results revealed that food ecology and environmental factors affect the life activity of the insect significantly. On increasing the relative humidity from 45 to 90%, value of time in midgut, hindgut and egestion of excretory pellet in silk worm larvae decreased.

3 tables, 14 ref

017256   Mandal S;Ray R (Post Graduate Dep of Zoology, Presidency College, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata-700 073) : Two new septate gregarines Hirmocystis psyllae N. SP. and Steinina indica N. SP. from Psylla SP. (Insecta : Hemiptera) from Sundarban region of West Bengal, India. J envir Sociobiol 2008, 5(2), 119-26.

Morphology and life history of two new septate gregarines (Apicomplexa : Conoidasida) Hirmocystis psyllae n. sp. and Steinina indica n. sp. from hemipteran insect host Psylla sp. from Sundarban region of West Bengal, India have been described.

15 illus, 2 tables, 9 ref

017255   Lakhani L;Khatri A (Zoology Dep, Govt. Girl's P.G. College, Ujjain, Email: leena_lakahani2006@yahoo.co.in) : Effect of rogor on the ovary of the earthworm Eudichogaster kinneari (Stephenson) : a histological and histochemical profile. J Envir Res Dev 2008, 2(3), 378-85.

Adult Eudichogaster kinneari was exposed to a safe concentration (0.6 ppm) of Rogor for twenty days to evaluate the effects on different stages of oocytes. Chronic exposure of above insecticide severely affected the oogenesis causing dissolution and vacuolization of ooplasm, destruction of yolky material and nucleus, uneven cell boundary, broken and irregular nuclear membrane and ultimate atrophy of oocytes. Size reductions of the oocytes (p< 0.001) as well as changes in histochemical reactions were also observed.

13 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

017254   Khan V;Arya G;Rashmi A;Ahmad A;Saxena A K (Zoology Dep, Government Raza Postgraduate College, Rampur-244 901, Email: akscsir@rediffmail.com) : Occurrence of Menacanthus eurysternus on Indian bank Myna and starlings. Entomon 2009, 34(2), 95-7.

Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis Linnaeus), Bank Myna (Acrido-theres ginginianus Latham), Brahminy Starling (Sturnus pagodarum Gmelin) and common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus) were examined for the presence of phthirapteran ectoparasites. Two amblyceran species (Menacanthus eurysternus and Myrsidea invadens) and five ischnoceran species (Brueelia ginginianus, B. chayanh, B. nebulosa, Sturnidoecus bannoo and S. affinis) were recorded. The occurrence of Menacanthus eurysternus on Bank Myna, Brahminy Starling and common Starling has been noted for the first time in India.

8 ref

017253   Kalayci F;Samsun S;Sahin C;Samsun O;Gozler A M (Fatsa Faculty of Marine Sciences, Ordu Univ, Fatsa/Ordu, Turkey, Email: ferhatkalayci@yahoo.com) : Comparison of biological characteristics of the horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus L. 1758) which caught of different fishing gears in the Southern black sea (Turkey). Indian J Mar Sci 2010, 39(1), 43-8.

Total of 6035 horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurm L. 1758, found in the Black Sea, caught by various types of fishing gear, as purse seines, bottom trawls, gillnets, mid-water trawls and fishing lines had been examined during January to December 2003. Length, weight, sex distribution, the ratio offish under the minimum legal landing size and distribution of juvenile fish and the types of gear used were compared as a part of the study. Mean total lengths of the horse mackerel caught using all these types of fishing gear (purse seines, bottom trawls, gillnets, mid-water trawls and fishing lines) are measured at 12.69, 12.01, 15.35, 13.18 and 14 centimeters, respectively. According to their sex, the minimum mean total length and weight were measured for a purse seine at 13.34 cm and 20 g for females, 13.33 cm and 19.73 g for males. Minimum legal landing size (MLLS) is 13 cm and the ratios of under 13 cm for purse seines, bottom trawls, gillnets, mid-water trawls and fishing lines were measured at 60.79%, 65.04%, 9.66%, 39.14% and 20.42%, respectively. The bottom trawl and purse seine were more capable than other fishing gear in catching juvenile fish.

1 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref

017252   Hegde V D (NO, , Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053) : Effect of melatonin on the follicular development and vitelogenesis in the prepubertal pigeon, Columba livia. J envir Sociobiol 2008, 5(2), 165-70.

Effect of melatonin administration in the late photophase on the follicular development, vitellogenesis and atresia in the prepubertal pigeon was investigated. Birds were autopsied after the last injection and ovaries were dissected out and processed for histology. Follicles were separated using the spring scissor and classified based on their diameter, (i) < 75 μm (ii) 76-300 μm and (iii) > 300 μm. In initial control birds, follicles < 75 μm and < 300 μm diameters were found while in final control and melatonin treated birds follicles of < 75 ftm, < 300 μm and > 300 μm were found. Significant increase in the number of follicles < 75 μm diameter and atretic follicles were found in melatonin treated pigeons. Early vitellogenic follicles were absent in melatonin treated pigeons. The present study suggests that the treatment with melatonin in late photophase to prepubertal female pigeos affects the growth of the follicles and inhibits the formation of vitellogenic follicles.

2 tables, 22 ref

017251   Girish Kumar P;Narendran T C (NO, , Zoological Survey of India, 'M'Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, Email: k_p_girish@yahoo.co.in) : New species of Stilbula spinola (Hymenoptera : Eucharitidae) from Karnataka, India. J envir Sociobiol 2008, 5(2), 113-17.

A new species of Stilbula Spinola, viz., S. bangalorica Girish Kumar and Narendran sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Karnataka, India. Affinities of the species with its closest relatives are discussed. A checklist of the species of Stilbula Spinola of Indian subcontinent is also provided.

9 ref

017250   Gaonkar C A;Sawant S S;Arga C A;Krishnamurthy V;Harkantra S N (National Institute of Oceanography, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Dona-Paula, Goa-403 004) : Changes in the occurrance of hard substratum fauna: a case study from Mumbai harbour, India. Indian J Mar Sci 2010, 39(1), 74-84.

Intensive sampling was carried out in the marine environment of Mumbai and Jawaharlal Nehru ports to investigate the composition of benthic sessile population on three different occasions during 2001 to 2002. this study recorded 29 species of hard substratum fauna and 14 associated fauna. The acorn barnacle Balanus amphitrite and tube dwelling polychaete Protula tubularia were the dominant hard substratum species recorded from the area. Protula tubularia with no previous records from Indian waters appears to be an introduction in the region. The bivalve Mytilopsis sallei, which has been reported earlier as an invasive species Indian waters, was mostly found restricted to enclosed habitat within the ports. A comparison with historic data, based on the literature available, indicates the presence of 15 taxa which appeared for the first time this locality the present study envisages that the hard substratum faunal composition in Mumbai harbour environment is changing due to ever increasing human perturbation.

5 illus, 2 tables, 42 ref

017249   Ekwenye U N;Ugwoejf J O (Microbiology Dep, Michaeal Okpara Univ of Agriculture Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria, Email: ekwenyeuchechi@yahoo.com) : Bacterial flora of sediment, pond water, fish feed and fish from fish culture pond of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria. Envir Ecol 2009, 27(1A), 245-9.

Samples of sediment, fish feed, pond water and tilapia (Oreochronis niloticus) from fish culture pond of Michael Okpara University were examined for bacterial quality. The samples were collected using sterile bottles for the sediment, pond water, fish feed samples, and a bucket for collecting the fish sample. The samples were homogenized and cultured on nutrient agar. Results revealed that the bacterial load of the fish feed was higher than that of the sediment with pond water having a lower bacterial load. Characterization and identification of bacteria using biochemical tests revealed the presence of species of organisms including Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterobacter aerogenes. Escherichia coli, Micrococcus, Bacillus polymyxa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Proteus vulgaris, Serralia marcescens. Vibrio cholerae pacini and Streptococcus faecalis. Some precautionary measures were recommended such as regulating and inspecting the water quality of the pond to avoid spread of pathogens, removing an infected fish to an isolation tank which serves as a hospital for immediate treatment, application of medications, adequate stocking and fertilization of the pond.

5 tables, 13 ref

017248   Dev Roy M K;Nandi N C (NO, , Zoological Survey of India, Crustacea Section, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700 016) : Checklist and distribution of brachyuran crabs of West Bengal, India. J envir Sociobiol 2008, 5(2), 191-214.

A taxonomic review of brachyuran crabs occurring in the state of West Bengal is furnished for the first time. A check-list of 150 species under 84 genera and 29 families is presented and the distribution of these species has been dealt with in this paper. In addition, a list of earlier recorded species considered to be 'threatened' in the state of West Bengal is also provided with pertinent discussion on these species.

7 tables, 42 ref

017247   Chitra J;Ramanibai R (Zoology Dep, Madras Univ, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, Email: chitra_copepod@yahoo.co.in) : Copepod fauna and its abundance in Muttukadu backwater, Tamil Nadu, India. J envir Sociobiol 2008, 5(2), 243-50.

Among zooplankton, copepod community in Muttukadu backwater was investigated in detail during February 2004 and May 2006. A total of 41 species of copepoda belonging to 22 genera under three suborders Calanoida (17), Cyclopoida (15) and Harpacticoida (09) along with nauplii and copepodites were recorded. In this paper, the monthly and seasonal abundance of copepod fauna is reported from four locations of Muttukadu backwater and total mean abundance was compared among those locations. The seasonal data showed higher abundance during pre-monsoon season. The fluctuations in abundance of copepoda observed during the study were discussed in detail.

3 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

017246   Chaterjee S K;Ghosal A;Ghosh S (Life Science Laboraory, Institute of Science Education, Burdwan Univ, Burdwan-713 104) : Influence of mahua oil cake on the hepatic lipid content histosomatic index and hydration level of tissues of Channa punctatus (Bloch.). Envir Ecol 2009, 27(1A), 304-6.

Healthy lata fish, Channa punctatus of same size were exposed to three sub-lethal doses of mahua oil cake for a period of 10 days. After 5 and 10 days of exposure hepatic lipid content, histosomatic index and moisture content of liver and gill were measured from the exposed and control fishes using standard methods. A dose and time dependent impact of MOC on HS1 and methods. Moisture hydration level of liver and gill was noticed. Moisture content of liver and hepatic lipid value showed inverse relation.

1 table, 16 ref

017245   Bindu L (NO, , Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053, Email: bindulajapathi@yahoo.com) : On the cryopreservation of spermatozoa of a freshwater table fish, Labeo fimbriatus (Bloch). J envir Sociobiol 2008, 5(2), 141-6.

An extender-cryoprotectant system is developed for the long-term storage of the spermatozoa of a common freshwater tablefish, Labeo fimbriatus which is an annual breeder. Five extenders and three cryoprotectants were used in the present study. The cryoprotectants were used in three different percentages, viz., 5%, 7.5% and 10%. The experiment was conducted for 90 days. The spermatozoa diluted in extender-V and cryopreserved with 7.5% DMSO gave best results.

2 illus, 1 table, 22 ref

017244   Bharti S;Shweta (Zoology Dep, D.S. College, Aligarh-202 001) : Pharmacological study of earthworm (Perionyx excavatus Perrier) for anti-ulcer and anti-oxidant activity. Hippocratic J Unani med 2009, 4(1), 19-26.

The drugs from the Natural Kingdom, chiefly those used by traditional medicines, are being increasingly explored to obtain more effective and safer drugs. The herbal drugs have been quite extensively studied but animal-origin drugs are still unexplored. So, earthworm (P. excavatus), used in Unani Medicine, was studied as adjuvant, alongwith modern drug 'Ranitidine', for Anti-ulcer activity against gastric ulcer induced by pyloric ligation and immobilization stress in the rat; and for anti-oxidant activity by observing its effect on TBARS, SOD, catalase and glutathione. The study revealed that the test drug significantly reduces gastric ulceration and gastric juice volume. It also significantly decreases TBARS and increases SOD, catalase and reduced glutathione levels. So, the study shows earthworm (P. excavatus) to possess anti-ulcerogenic effect, atleast partly, due to a strong anti-oxidant effect.

2 tables, 11 ref

017243   Ali A;Rizvi P Q;Khan F R (Plant Protection Dep, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh, Email: drarshadali@yahoo.com) : Influence of aphid species on the development of Ischiodon scutellaris (Diptera: Syrphidae) under natural environment. Bionotes 2010, 12(2), 65-6.

^ssc1 table 5 ref

016088   Wasu Y H;Ade P P;Gadhikar Y A (NO, Government Vidarbha Institute of Science & Humanities, Amravati) : Impact of carbaryl and malation on heamatology and nitrogen metabolism of Clarius batrachus (Linn.). Biosci Biotechnol Res Communs 2009, 2(2), 227-9.

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of carbaryl and malathion on hematological indices and nitrogen metabolism of the fish, Clarius batrachus. The fish was exposed to 48 hrs, 96 hrs and 45 days of carbaryl exposure of 13.24 ppm, 5.25 ppm and 2.0 ppm respectively. Similarly it was exposed to malathion 0.31 ppm, 0.25 ppm and 0.05 ppm for 48 hrs, 96 hrs and 45 days exposure respectively. The pesticides induced anemia (as RBCs level decreased) and also there was a decrease i~ immunological response (decrease in WBCs). The serum protein and urea levels also got affected due to the effect of these pesticides.

2 tables, 16 ref

016087   Warang M D;Mulye V B;Sapkale P H;Bondri R D; Mohite A S (Zoology Dep, College of Fisheries, Shirgaon, Ratnagari, Maharashtra) : Fish soup powder production from Protonibea diacanthus. Asian J Anim Sci 2008, 3(1), 19-23.

Attempt was made to prepare fish soup powder from Protonibea diacanthus. The recipe, ingredient for the product has been standardized step by step. At each stage the organoleptic evaluation by the expert group of panelist was conducted. The report of organoleptic evaluation supported with statistical analysis were used as base for standardization. The nutritional value of standard soup powder has been studied.

6 illus, 2 tables, 9 ref

016086   Walvekar M V;Pillai M M;Methe K N;Bhopale L P (Zoology Dep, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-461 004, Email: madhuri_walvekar@rediffmail.com) : Lactate dehydrogenase studies on the testis of sialoadenectomised mouse receiving isoproterenol. J Cell Tissue Res 2009, 9(2), 1845-8.

Male albino mice (Mus musculus) of the age 1 month and weight (9 to 15 gms) were selected for the present work. Animals, subjected to sublingulectomy and sialoadenectomy, were divided into six groups. Group-I (control), Group-II (sublingulectomised), Group-III (sialoadenectomised), Group-IV (sialoadenectomised submandibular gland extract administered), Group-V (isoproterenol administered), Group-VI (sialoadenectomised isoproterenol administered). The animals were kept for two months. Thereafter, the animals were sacrificed and testis were removed and used for the estimation of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) by biochemical and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis methods. Study shows LDH activity in testes of groups II and III was decreased significantly as compared to group I, but increased significantly in Group IV as compared to group III. Study reveals significantly increased activity in group V, but not in group VI as compared to group III. Electrophoretic separation of LDH in the testis of normal mice showed six clear bands i.e. LDH-I, II, III, IV, V, and LDH-X. In sublingulectomised, sialoadenectomised, sialoadenectomised submandibular gland extract administered mice LDH-X was missing. Intense activity was observed for LDH-X in the control mice receiving isoproterenol but not in the sialoadenectomised mice receiving isoproterenol.

6 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

016085   Wadhave N S;Nasare P N;Harney N V;Sitre S R (Botany Dep, Nilkanthrao Shinde Science and Arts College, Bhadrawati, Chandrapur, Maharashtra) : Biodiversity of macrophytes in Ghodpeth reservoir at Bhadrawati tehsil Chandrapur district Maharashtra state. Bioinfolet 2010, 7(1), 46-7.

1 table, 9 ref

016084   Vyas B M (Zoology Dep, Nootan Science College, Visnagar, Mehsana, Gujarat) : Population denamics of the family passeridae at Visnagar, North Gujarat. Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(2), 251-2.

1 table, 4 ref

016083   Vyas B M (Zoology Dep, Nootan Science College, Visnagar, Mehsana, Gujarat) : Breeding activities of some urban birds. Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(2), 182-5.

To make a study, four sites of Visnagar city were selected. The sites were the spaces where species were building the nest. The nest was given particular code number and was constantly observed for the whole season. The nest in which the first egg was laid, the egg was given a number and thus the clutch size was fixed. Due to constant observation, it was possible to notice the incubation period and nesting period. Total 20 species were studied due to available satisfactory data during the study period. Hawk eagle required maximum days (26) for nest building i. e. more than three weeks. Two species, Yellow-footed green pigeon and Red-wetteled lapwing construct their nest within a week. Other 17 species required two or three weeks. Clutch size was recorded in between I to 6 eggs, within a population. Observed species required two to three week periods for incubation and two to four weeks for nestling. It was evaluated that 13 species required less than two months for nesting period and other 7 species required more than two months.

3 tables, 16 ref

016082   Viyas B M (Zoology Dep, Nootan Science College, Visnagar, Mehsana, Gujarat) : Habitat selection of urban birds. Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(1), 123-5.

^ccr4 tables, 2 ref

016081   Vijay Kumar;Mallik K N;Subodh Kumar (NO, , Shyamanagan, Damuchak, Muzaffarpur-842 001) : Effect of seasonal fluctuation on vertical distribution of plankton in tal barail chour of Bihar. Bull envir Sci 2008, 27(2), 197-201.

Tal-Barail is neglected chour in which the present study was made. The seasonal plankton distribution in different water column were observed. Chlorophyceae, cyanophyceae, crustaceans, rotiferans were found distinct in this study. The maximum percentage of such plankton was found in June & September from bottom zone, Feb. & May from middle zone and April & June from surface zone.

2 tables, 8 ref

016080   Venkatareddy M;mRadhakrishnaiah k (Zoology Dep, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantpur, Andhra Pradesh) : Comparative study on the protein metabolism and histology of the reproductive tissues in albino rat (Rattus norvegicus albinus) on adrenalectomy. Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(1), 1-5.

A significant decrease in the levels of total proteins along with an increase in the levels offree amino acid (FAA) and ammonia and activities of protease, alanine aminotransferase (AlAT), aspartate amino transferase (AAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH) were observed in the penis of male and vagina of female rats on adrenalectomy (ADX) at day 15 and day 30 compared to sham operated (SO) rats. These changes indicated active proteolysis and trans-deamination in the reproductive tissues of rats on adrenalectomy. The magnitude of the chariges were significantly more in the vagina of female ADX rats than in the penis of males. Longer the duration of adrenalectomy more the protein breakdown in both the sexes as noticed from day 15 to day 30. Corresponding to the changes in protein levels, some degenerative changes in the histology were observed in the penis and vagina of ADX rats at day 15 day 30 compared to normals. A mild damage was seen in areolar connective tissue imd elastic fibres of penis at days 15. On days 30, the three erectile tissues of penis overlapped with irregular arrangement with the congestion of areolat tissue. On 15 days of ADX female rats, the vagina showed less number of leucocytes and wide spaces appeared between elastic fibres of fibrosa. On day 30 the vagina exhibited the pressence of very less number of leucocytes in mucous while the elastic fibres of muscularis mostly disappeared. The observations indicated proteolysis and active trans-deamination in the reproductive tissues of rats on adrenalectomy. It could lead to structural disruption and decreased reproductive ability.

2 illus, 2 tables, 22 ref

016079   Tripathi N K;Jamwal P (Animal Cytogenetics Laboratory, P.G. Zoology Dep, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir) : Occurrence of polyploidy in the weevil Odoiporous longicollis Olivier (Coleoptera : Curculionidae). Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(2), 149-54.

The chromosomes offemale individuals of banana weevil, Odoiporus longicollis Olivier were investigated and polyploid chromosome counts were observed in the female specimens. Tetraploid and hexaploid parthenogenetic races (4x=52 and 6x=78) were observed for the first time in Jammu Region. The species has a diploid bisexual race as well having 2n=26 chromosomes. Since the coexistence of diploid and polyploid members within the same population is a rather rare event in the different species of curculionids, the mechanism of origin ofpolylpoid individuals is discussed.

15 illus, 34 ref

016078   Sweety;Sinha M R;Anil Kumar (Zoology Dep, Magadh Mahila College, Patna, Bihar) : Change of plasma cholesterol level of Clarias batrachus due to starvation stress. Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(2), 239-42.

Lipids in fishes differ in composition from that of warm blooded animals probably because fishes live in lower temperature. The present work deals with the evaluation of cholesterol level of a' freshwater Clarias batrachus (Linn) with reference to age, sex, and starvation. It appears from the finding of the present investigation that age, sex and starvation causes significant variation in cholesterol constituents and that a more pronounced and marked alterations was observed in female fishes than the male fishes. While starvation causes more variation in cholesterol constituents of the fishes, thereby suggesting that prolonged starvation impairs normal physiology of female fishes more than male fishes and therefore, the maturation in female fishes are unlikely to proceed normally in starved fishes.

2 tables, 16 ref

016077   Suresh B;Sharma P;Desai I (Zoology Dep, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara-390 002, Email: suved9@hotmail.com) : Evidence of the involvement of prostaglandin E₂ in different cellular activities during epimorphic regeneration. J Cell Tissue Res 2009, 9(2), 1883-90.

Prostaglandins are required for cellular proliferation and involved in various stages of myogenesis during regeneration. In the current study the upstream modulator of PGE₂ - the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) was targeted. The animals were administrated with Etoricoxib, a COX-2 specific inhibitor and the effect of the drug on various phases of regeneration was evaluated by following the changes in the histological profiles of the regenerate. Synthesis of prostaglandins during inflammation has a critical role in vascular cell proliferation (angiogenesis). In the treated animals VEGF, a key regulator of angiogenesis, was found to be down regulated. Moreover, a treatment induced alteration in myogenic proteins (desmin and myosin) too was evident. Further, the application of COX-2 inhibitor in lizards resulted in a decrease in the synthetic activities of the cells especially of the apical epithelial cap. The PGE2 therefore, plays an important role in the formation of blastemal cells and subsequently regulate the progression of epimorphic regeneration.

6 illus, 41 ref

016076   Sudheer K (Systematic Entomology Lab, Zoology Dep, University of Calicut, Malappuram-673 635, Email: dr_ksudheer@yahoo.com) : New species of Brachycyrtus Kriechbaumer (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from Karnataka, India. Entomon 2009, 34(1), 33-7.

New species Brachycyrtus sinui, sp. novo is described from Kamataka, India. This species can be distinguished from the only other known Indian species, B. eublemmae (Rao) by the combination of the following characters: antenna with 45 segments, propodeum with a distinct areola, with well defined longitudinal carinae, wings with a fuscous tinge, first three abdominal tergites reddish orange without any apical band and mesonotum reddish orange without any black marks.

4 illus, 9 ref

016075   Subhashini S;Logankumar K (PG and Research Dep of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science College, Coimbatore-641 029, Email: subbhanjali@yahoo.co.in) : Effect of Vinca rosea root extract on the growth and development of Culex quinquefasciatus. Entomon 2009, 34(1), 47-9.

Root extract of Vinca rosea caused prolongation of developmental period, larval and pupal mortality as well as various kinds of developmental abnormalities to Culex quinquejasciatus.

1 table, 4 ref

016074   Singh R P;Ahirwar R;Sharma V I (Zoology Dep, B.N. V. Degree College, Rath, Hamirpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Diazinon disrupt lipid in Channa punctatus. Asian J Anim Sci 2008, 3(1), 83-5.

Impact of pesticide like Diazinon was localized histochemically on the activities of neutral lipid and phospho-lipid on stomach and kidney of Channa punctatus. It has been observed that pesticide interferes with protein and lipid metabolism. The experimental evidences may be useful in revealing the mechanism of injury caused by this pesticide.

1 table, 15 ref

016073   Singh A K;Dubey J K;Mishra D B;Singh G;Singh V B (Zoology Dep, T.D.P.G. College, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Effect of endosulfan on air-breathing fresh water teleost, Clarias batrachus (Linn.) a haematological and biochemical response. Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(2), 188-91.

Clarias batrachus (Linn.), air-breathing fresh water teleost fish of commercial importance, was exposed to median lethal concentration (5.38 ppm) of endosulfan. The haematological and biochemical parameters of fresh water fish were evaluated under static condition. Fishes were exposed to predetermined LC₅₀ (5.38 ppm) and studied at the end of 24 hrs period, Blood samples were taken from the control and experimental fishes. Blood was assayed for selected haematological and biochemical parameters (heamatocrit, haemoglobin, red blood cell, counts, white blood cell counts, differential white blood cell, counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and total plasma protein and plasma glucose concentration). Sub-lethal concentrations of endosulfan caused a dose dependent decrease in the hemoglobin values, haematocrit values, red blood cell counts, plasma proteins; where as the plasma-glucose, erythrocyte sedementation rate, total white blood cell count were increased. The differential white blood cell counts were decreased except for the lymphocytes in which there was a slight increase. The above observation may show the significance of haematological and biochemical assaying the pesticide hazards to the -fishes and can be used as an indicator of pesticide related stress in field of environmental toxicology.

3 tables, 15 ref

016072   Singh A K;Dubey J K;Mishra D B;Singh G;Singh V B (Zoology Dep, T.D. (P.G.) College, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Comparative study of endosulfan-effect on anti-oxidant enzymes (CAT and CP_x) of air-breathing fresh water teleosts, Clarias batrachus (Linn.) and Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch.). Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(1), 22-5.

Fish, Clarial batrachus (Linn.) and Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch.), were evaluated after 24 hrs of treatment of Endosulfan (5 ppb), on antioxidant enzyme (catalase and glutathione per-oxidase). The sub-lethal concentration, 0.06 mg/liter and 0.05 mg/liter for 21 days treatment with endosulfan (95% purity,) for Clarias batrachus (Linn.) and Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch.). Endosulfan exposure resulted into a significant induction increases (p<0.05-0.002) of GPx in all tissues studied. On the other hand, catalase activity was found to be considerably decreased (p<0.0 1-0.001) in all tissues. Results unequivocally confirmed peroxidative damage-dependent modulation of antioxidant level in liver, kidney and gill. Our study proposed, measurement of antioxidant level which may. provide a useful bio-markers for aquatic-pollution monitoring and indicate that the activities of certain biomarkers in Clarias batrachus and Heteropneustes fossilis, on sensitive to pesticide.

2 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

016071   Simon Oke I A;Olofintoye l K (Zoology Dep, University of Ado Ekiti, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria, Email: toyetalk@yahoo.com) : Influence of human activities and habitat preferences in the population dynamics of mosquito larvae in Ekiti state, Nigeria. Bull envir Sci 2008, 27(2), 191-6.

The study of the influence of Human activities in the Population dynamics and habitat preference of mosquito larvae in Ekiti state, Nigeria was carried out in all the sixteen local Governments. The breeding sources of mosquito species such as stream edge, pools, Tyre track, Tank / reservoir and foot Prints were sampled. The mean monthly distribution and relative abundance of Anopheles, Culex and Aedes mosquito larvae species varied in the study area. The highest number 3.50 (Iogn) of the mosquito larvae collected in the month of August while the least 2.98 (Iogn) of the mosquito larvae was collected in the month of February. The Anopheles mosquito larvae were found most 2.82 (Iogn) with the percentage of 2.69% in the pools. In case of Aedes and Culex larvae, there was a greater preponderance for stream edge, mud pools, tyre tracks, tank/reservoirs and foot prints.

3 illus, 15 ref

016070   Shashi A;Sharma N (Zoology Dep, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002) : Neurocytofluorotoxic alterations in cerebral proteins during experimental fluorosis in albino rats. Biosci Biotechnol Res Communs 2009, 2(1), 92-5.

The study evaluates the neurotoxic potential of sodium fluoride at levels of 30, 45, and 75 mg NaF/kg bw/day for 35 days in Sprague Dawley rats. The cytochemical localization of total proteins and a-amino proteins was studied by bromophenol blue and ninhydrin- schiff's staining methods. The brain cerebral cortex of control rats showed high intensity of proteins which exhibited a constant decline in intensity in experimental animals of all fluoridated groups. The neuroplasmic proteins were extensively affected as compared to nuclear and neural membrane proteins. The proteinacious darkly stained granules in the form of patchy area were present in the cerebral cortex of rat treated with 45 mg NaF /kg bw I day for 35 days. In the cerebral cortex, the neurodegenerative pathological changes were more pronounced and showed proteolysis in rats of all test groups. The proteolytic areas were negatively stained and showed decline in protein concentration. In conclusion, we found that ingested fluoride was retained by the cerebrum, interfering with its physiology and inducing neurotoxicity, cell damage and even cell death, hence leads to the decline in protein concentration in different brain regions.

13 ref

016069   Shashi A;Bhushan B;Sharma N (Zoologhy Dep, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002) : Cytochemical analysis of gastrocnemius muscle of fluoride intoxicated albino rat. Biosci Biotechnol Res Communs 2009, 2(2), 207-9.

In the study, cytochemical localization of glycogen in gastrocnemius muscles of rat exposed to different levels of sodium fluoride (NaF) for one month have been investigated. An elevated level of glycogen in the sarcoplasm and sarcolemma of hypertrophied and atrophied muscle fibres was observed in rats treated with 30 and 45 mg NaF/kgbw/day for two weeks. In rats exposed to 75 mg NaF/kgbw/day for two weeks, the intense localization of glycogen in disintegrated muscle fibres and perimysium as well as endomysium was seen. The muscle fibres of the animals treated with 30 mg NaF showed moderate staining reaction for glycogen as compared to control, while formation of angulated muscle fibres having abnormal sarcolemmal rim of staining was observed in rats dosed with with 45 mg NaF for one month. The sarcoplasm contained moderate amount of glycogen. The severely fluorosed muscle fibres exhibited unstained necrotic areas in angular muscle fibres with erosion of sarcolemma in rats treated with 75 mg NaF/kg bwl day for one month. A very intense increase in glycogen concentration occured in sarcolemma and sarcoplasm of these muscle fibres.

9 illus, 11 ref

016068   Sharma V;Sharma M S;Bhatnagar C;Sharma R (Limnology and Fisheries Lab, Zoology Dep, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313 005, Email: madhu_limnology@yahoo.co.in) : Daphnia ambigua and Simocephalus vetulus based on scanning electron micrographic observations. J Cell Tissue Res 2009, 9(2), 1831-8.

Daphnia ambigua and Simocephalus vetulus were studied using Scanning Electron Microscope to know the external taxonomic features which play a key role in identification. The head, carapace, antenna, antennule, thoracic appendages, post abdomen, claw and tail were studied for identification at species and sub-species level.

20 illus, 2 ref

016067   Sharma R;Bhatnagar M (Zoology Dep, J.D.B. Girl's College, Kota, Rajasthan) : Human crocodile conflict problem. Flora Fauna 2009, 15(2), 177-82.

Study was carried out to understand behavior of wild crocodiles in urban habitat and to understand the human crocodile interaction. Human deaths caused by crocodiles between 2001 to 2008, in streams of Kota (Rajasthan, India) were gathered and analyzed. Study suggested that a total of 13 incidence of human crocodile conflict were recorded between 2001 to 2008 out of which five were fatal, occurred mainly in the month of August. Maximum number of attacks ( six) occurred in year 2001.Younger and smaller individuals were mostly the target, as out of 13, nine victims were of age group between 10-20 years. Also out of 13 attacks, 10 attacks occurred on males, rest three on females. Presently there are no data on the status crocodiles population of these streams and incidents of attack by crocodiles is poorly recorded. It became apparent from the study that killing of human beings by crocodiles was mostly accidental in nature. Although a good number of population of these crocodilians are living in these streams, these show timid, shy and non offensive behavior. Attacks are possibly a unknown fear behavior of the animal from human population.

6 illus, 6 ref

016066   Shaikh G S;Khan A Y;Bilqees F M (Zoology Dep, University of Sindh, Jamshoro (Sindh), Pakistan) : Plagioporus brayi n.sp. (Trematoda: Opecoelidae) from a freshwater fish of Keenjhar lake, Sindh. Flora Fauna 2009, 15(2), 327-30.

During an investigation on helminth parasites of freshwater fishes, a new species of trematode genus Plagioporus was recorded from the small intestine of Labeo rohita collected from Keenjhar lake, Sindh. New species is characterized by having flattened, elongated body; oral sucker smaller as compared to acetabulum, prepharynx absent, pharynx short and wide, esophagus elongated. Ceca reaching to posterior extremity; acetabulum overlapping ceca, submedian; cirrus elongated; testes postovarian, the anterior heart-shaped and the posterior indented; ovary transversely flattened; seminal vesicle bilobed; vitellaria extending from little behind acetabulum to posterior end of the body; uterus extending between circus sac and ovary; eggs small, oval and numerous. This is the fifth record of the genus from Pakistan.

2 illus, 43 ref

016065   Senma R C;Acharya A C (Zoology Dep, M.N. College, Visnagar, mehsana, Gujarat) : Nest and nest contents of near threatend black headed ibis (Thriskiornis melanocephalus). Asian J Anim Sci 2009, 4(2), 146-8.

For the study, nest and nest contents of near threatened Black-headed Ibis, Visnagar city and rural areas of Visnagar taluka were selected. Visnagar is a taluka place of Mehsana district, Gujarat state, India. Black-headed Ibis is a colonial breeder. Its nests on moderate sized trees like Prosopis, Acacia and various species of Ficus, which stand in or near water. For the study of nest and nest contents, direct observation method was applied. Measurements were recorded using 60 cm long ruler with I mm accuracy. 12 plant species were recorded for nesting materials from the nests. Major portion of the nesting materials belonged to the tree on which the nest was located. On an average 59.95 % of the bulk of the nest materials were the twigs and leaves of the nesting tree.

2 tables, 9 ref

016064   Saravanan R;Revathi K;Balakrishna Murthy P (NO, , Y-Bolck No 142 (New No.14) 3rd Street, Annangar, Chennai-600 040, Email: rsaravanan2@yahoo.com) : Lambda cyhalothrin induced changes in oxidative enzymes of various tissues in freshwater edible catfish Clarias batrachus (Linn). Pollut Res 2008, 27(3), 377-85.

Studies to find out the effect of synthetic pyrethroid lambda cyhalothrin in liver, muscle, gills, kidney, testis and seminal vesicle of freshwater catfish Clarias batrachus. The fishes were exposed to the pesticide for a period of 45 days at a sublethal concentration of 5.768 ppm. Enzymatic activity of alpha - keto glutarate and malate dehydrogenases, NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome oxidase and ATP was carried out on the 15^{th, 30th and 45th day of exposure to find out the changes in the activity of the enzyme due to toxic stress caused to the fishes as a consequence of prolonged exposure to the compound. The results obtained showed a great degree of fluctuation in the activity of oxidative enzymes, electron transport chain enzymes and ATP in all the tissues during the different days of exposure to lambda cyhalothrin as a consequence of survival and adaptation to stress condition.}

5 tables, 53 ref

016063   Saravana Bhavan P;Yamuna A;Geraldine P (Zoology Dep, Bharathira University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : Mercury induced metabolic changes in the juveniles of the economically important freshwater prawn Macrobrachium malcolmsonii. Asian J Anim Sci 2008, 3(1), 60-5.

Healthy juveniles of M malcolmsonii (average length: 4.0-5.0 cm and weight: 0.8-1.0 g) were exposed to the sub lethal concentration of Hg, 24.1 μg/1^{-1, 1/6th of the 96 hr LC₅₀ (96 hr LC₅₀: 145 μg/1-1th, 15th and 22nd of exposure for analyses of the concentrations of enzymes, such as lactate dehyrogenase (LDH), acid and alkaline phosphatases (ACP and ALP) and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase). The content of LDH and ACP were found to be significantly elevated (P<0.05) in tissues of test prawns exposed to Hg. The content of ALP and ATPase were found to be significantly declined (P<0.05) in tissues of test prawns exposed to Hg. The elevation in LDH level suggests a shift from aerobic to anaerobic respiration to counteract the toxic stress. The elevated ACP level indicates its requirements for producing ATP through anaerobic carbohydrate metabolism to coop-up with toxic stress. The declined ALP suggests disturbances in transphosphorylation of test prawns. The decreased ATPase indicates the fact that the osmotic and ionic regulations were affected in test prawns. Thus, Hg toxicity caused metabolic disturbances in M malcolmsonii and such disturbances can be taken as biomarkers for monitoring Hg pollution in the aquatic environment}

1 table, 31 ref

016062   Samanta R;Maiti K;Patra B C (Zoology Dep, Vidyasagar University, , Email: kartikmaity@yahoo.co.in) : Zooplankton - phytoplankton relationship in four Indian major carp ponds in Moyna block areas, purba Medinipur, W. B. India. Bull envir Sci 2008, 27(2), 147-50.

The relationship between Zooplankton - Phytoplankton in four Indian major caip ponds has been studies pond - 1, II, III, IV in Moyna block areas. Rotifers, Zooplankton have been considered to be of importance. The results indicate that there is no impact of Zooplankton over Phytoplankton. Water temperature, oxygen and the abundance of Potassium in the soil may have certain influence on rotifers which are the most abundanl also the three plankton groups arc poorly related although there are a few instances where Zooplankton appear to feed on phytoplankton which constitute the bulk of plankton population.

2 tables, 11 ref

016061   Sahu V K;Srivastav A K;Baghel C L (Zoology Dep, D.V.(P.G.) College, Orai, Jalaun, Uttar Pradesh) : New caryophyllidean (Capingentidae: Pseudobatrachus) tapeworms of freshwater fishes of Bundelkahnd region of Madhya Pradesh, India. II.. Flora Fauna 2009, 15(2), 335-8.

Present form was collected from the intestine of fresh water cat fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.). Fishes were collected from the local fish catcher of village Dauni, Tehsil Nowgaon, district Chhatarpur (M.P.). After the laboratory examination we reach on the conclusion that it fall under genus, Pseudobatrachus^{4 of the family Capingentidae2 order Caryophyllidea1 and identified as a new member and provisionally accommodated as Pseudobatrachus chhatrasalii sp.nov.}

1 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

016060   Renugadevi J;Milton Prabu S (Zoology Dep, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Email: smprabu73@gmail.com) : Ameliorative effect of quercetin against cadmium induced toxicity in liver of wistar rats. J Cell Tissue Res 2009, 9(1), 1665-72.

Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental and industrial cumulative pollutant that affects many organs especially the liver, kidney and testis. Quercetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid which has been reported to have a wide range of pharmacological properties. The present study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of quercetin on antioxidant and lipid peroxidation status in the liver of cadmium intoxicated rats. Oral administration of cadmium chloride (5 mg/kg b. wt./day) for 4 weeks resulted in a significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum hepatospecific markers such as aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT). It also elevated the levels of lipid peroxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides) and protein carbonyl content in liver. Contrary to these, cadmium intoxication revealed a significant reduction of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities as well as reduced the levels of glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E in liver. Oral administration of quercetin (50 mg/kg b. wt./day) along with cadmium significantly (p<0.05) decreased the activities of serum enzymes lipid peroxidation. In addition quercetin significantly (p<0.05) recovered the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase (GST), as well as the level of GSH, vitamin C and vitamin E in the liver of cadmium intoxicated rats. These results suggested that quercetin exhibited antioxidant property and decreased the lipid peroxidation against cadmium induced oxidative stress in liver.

4 illus, 3 tables, 59 ref