017890   Sreenivas T;Monohar C (Ore Dressing Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, , AMD Complex, Begumpet, Hyderabad-500 016) : Application of alkyl hydroxamates in the flotation of cassiterite from an Indian tin ore. Trans Indian Inst Metals 1999, 52(1), 13-22.

Flotation studies carried out for the recovery of fine size cassiterite from the gravity tailings of Tosham ore using alkyl hydroxamic acid type collector reagents. The investigation include study on the interrelationshp between flotation pH, chain length of the collector and particle size of mineral, taking pure cassiterite of Tosham and alkyl hydroxamates, and application of the understanding from microflotation results on natural sample, at both bench and large scale. Pure cassiterite from Tosham ore gave good flotation response with alkyl hydroxamate collectors due to the strong complexation of the reagents with both tin and iron ions. The amounts of cassiterite floated increases and the pH range of good flotation widens, as the particle size becomes finer (<75 μm) or when the chain length of the surfactant is higher (C10 and more). The flotation experiments on gravity tailings of Tosham tin ore indicated higher selection and collection efficiencies with potassium decyl hydroxamate compared to octyl or tetra-decyl analogue. Selectivity and kinetics were better at about pH 4.6 than at higher pH. Large scale flotation test under optimum flotation conditions gave a final float product analysing about 7% Sn with about 55% overall recovery with potassium decyl hydroxamate. The tin assay of the final float meets the specifications required for further metallurgical upgradation of Sn content by chemical fuming technique.

23 ref

017889   Singh S S;Tomar M C;Singh U B (NO, Government Fruit Preservation and Canning Institute, 18-B, Ashok Marg, Lucknow) : Preparation and storage studies on raw mango pana concentrate. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(6), 63-6.

Raw Mango Pana is popular drink in Uttar Pradesh. It is used as a preventive and curative remedy for sunstroke. Attempts were made in the study to prepare and standardise raw mango pana concentrate which can be diluted to serve as beverage when need arises. The ingredients used in the preparation were raw mango pulp, green chilli extract, common salt, black salt, roasted cumin, asafoetida, black pepper, red chilli powder, mint, coriander leaves extract and citric acid or lemon juice. The T.S.S. of the concentrate varied from 23 to 26° Brix in different recipes. The pana concentrate which was prepared by using citric acid on dilution with water in 1 : 6 ratio was adjudged the best. The pana concentrate kept well upto twelve months of storage at R.T. (22 to 35°C).

017888   Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B V (NO, , Carel Van Bylandtlaan 30, 2596 HR, The Hague, The Netherlands) : Hydrocarbon oil compositions. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

017887   Serenivas T;Natarajan R;Padmanabhan (Ore Dressing Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, , AMD Complex, Begumpet, Hyderabad-500 016) : Benefeciation of Harpur (Tamil Nadu) molybdenite ore. Trans Indian Inst Metals 1999, 52(1), 49-53.

^ssc

017886   Sau R;Ray A K;Jagannathan K P (R&D Centre for Iron and Steel, , SAIL, Ranchi) : Nitrogen removal in steel - critical issues. Trans Indian Inst Metals 1999, 52(1), 55-61.

Control of nitrogen has become extremely important in view of its influence in deep drawability of low carbon steel. The process of absorption and desorption of nitrogen in steel is controlled by not so well understood interfacial reactions. Basic phenomena of nitrogen pick up and removal has been reviewed.

17 ref

017885   Sabharwal S;Bhardwaj Y K;Majali A B (Isotope Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai) : Concentration of dilute sewage sludge slurry using EB crosslinked fast response temperature sensitive poly (vinyl methyl ether) hydrogel. BARC Newsl 1999, (189), 62-5.

Electron beam (EB) irradiation technique has been utilized to create non-homogeneous fast response temperature sensitive poly (vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) hydrogels. The crosslinked hydrogels were swollen in dilute sewage sludge samples at room temperature and dewatering was achieved by deswelling the hydrogels at 323 K. The results show that 1g gel could remove 9 to 12 g of water from 25 g of sludge, in ten cycles. The effect of various factors such as swelling/deswelling cycle time, solid content of sludge on the removal efficiency of water removal process has been investigated.

017884   Rao B P;Jayakumar T;Kalyanasundaram P;Baldev Raj (Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Resear, Kalpakkam-603 102, ) : Ultrasonic detection and characterisation of defects using electromagnetic acoustic transducers (EMATs). J Nondestructive Test Evaluation 1999, 19(2), 23-8.

Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (EMATs) are finding attractive applications in many areas of ultrasonic NDT, especially becuase of their non-contact as compared to the conventional piezoelectric transducers (PZTs). One EMAt generated wave mode that has provided solution to many ultrasonic non-destructive inspection problems is the Shear Horizontal [SH] wave mode. This is essentially due to the absence of mode conversion, beam skewing and distortion SH waves can not be efficiently generated using PZTs. SH waves generated by EMATs have been used to detect and characterise defects in stainless steel plates and welds. Discusses the development of Time-of-Flight Diffraction based method to size fatigue cracks and machined notches in stainless steel plates. Besides, a new signal processing method based on artificial neural networks is presented, to detect and characterise defects in difficult-to-inspect austenitic SS welds.

12 ref

017883   Rajkumar K V;Thavasimuthu M;Jayakumar T; Kalyanasundaram P (Division for PIE and NDT Development, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic, , Kalpakkam-603 102) : Ultrasonic synthetic aperture focusing technique for material testing. J Nondestructive Test Evaluation 1999, 19(2), 36-42.

13 ref

017882   Rajendra G;Jebraj M;Narayan G S (Dept of Industrial Engineering and Management, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore) : Wear characteristic of hard facing materials. Indian Fndry J 2000, 46(2), 19-24.

Wear resistant hard facing alloys are used to increase the service life of base alloy, when they are subjected to harsh working conditions. Comparison of wear characteristics of mild steel and hard facing alloys (Austentic Manganese steel, Martensitic special-2 Steel and Martensitic steel) is presented. These were subject to three wear tests viz, wet abrasion, rubber wheel abrasion and jet erosion test. The results of the investigation indicated that closely resemble wet abrasion and rubber wheel abrasion conditions, Martensitic type steel has better service life than Austentic Manganese steel. Of the two grades of Martensitic type steel, Martenistic special-2 Steel has exhibited higher resistant to wet and dry abrasion wear. In the case of jet erosion wear both Martensitic steels resist wear at the same level with Austenite manganese steel also performs well.

10 ref

017881   Patwardhan S G (NO, CFTRI, Regional Centre, Bhavan's Campus, Andheri (W), Mumbai-400 058) : Aseptic packaging of particulate food products. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(6), 72-80.

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017880   Pardikar R J (High Pressure Boiling Plant, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, , Tiruchirappali-620 014) : Ultrasonics for boiler life evaluation. J Nondestructive Test Evaluation 1999, 19(2), 47-51.

Components operating at high temperature and pressure are designed for finite life.These components are subjected to various degradation process like creep, fatigue, erosion, corrosion etc., which will result in unforeseen outages. In this context, residual life assessment assumes greater significance. Though many nondestructive testing techniques are available for detection of defects, ultrasonic play a major role in estimation of remaining life of boiler components. Detection of hydrogen damage in case of water wall tubes, measurement of oxides scale thickness of the tubes, detection and monitoring of ligament cracks in headers, detection of defects in weldments in drum, headers and pipes are some of the areas where ultrasonic techniques are adopted by M/s. Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), during residual life assessment study of aging boilers.

12 ref

017879   Mandhar S C;Senthil Kumaran G (NO, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta, Bangalore-560 089) : Innovations in raw mango processing machinery. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(6), 43-50.

017878   Maheswari A;Jain S (Deptt. of Foods & Nutrition, College of Home Science, Rajasthan Agricultural University, Udaipur) : Nutrition profile of 6 to 12 months ICDS beneficiaries. Indian J Prev Soc Med 1999, 30(2), 58-65.

Study was conducted to assess nutritional profile of 6 to 12 months ICDS beneficiaries of 120 subjects with equal representation to urban and rural areas. The mother of the index child was interviewed. The nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric measurements using standardised techniques. Result of the study showed that 76.7 per cent and 58.4 per cent of the urban and rural families respectively were from lower middle socio-economic status. Mild form of malnutrition was more prevalent among the study group. Weight and length was 76 and 89 per cent of the NCHS standard. ICDS services were not adequately utilized by registered children except immunization leading to malnutritinn. The numbner of malnourished children were more in rural area. Weight, length, weight for length was higher in urban children. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Socio-economic status did not show statistically significant effect on nutritional status of the children. Weight was found to be positively correlated with length, BMI, percent body fat and calf-circumference.

18 ref

017877   Kumar A;Jayakumar T;Subramanian C V; Thavasimuthu M (Division for PIE and NDT Development, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic, , Kalpakkam-603 102) : Testing of concrete structures for determination of strength and detection of flaws using low frequency ultrasonic and impact echo techniques. J Nondestructive Test Evaluation 1999, 19(2), 43-6.

Low frequency ultrasonic and impact echo testing techniques are two nondestructive testing (NDT) technique which are widely used for testing concrete structures. Low frequency ultrasonic technique has been used for the measurement of ultrasonic velocity on various specimens with different curing times. The ultrasonic velocity has been correlated with the compressive strength of the specimens. The impact echo tests have been carried out on a few concrete structures, including beams and radioactive hot cell walls, for locating reinforcement bars and for evaluating their quality.

017876   Krishnaveni A;Manimegalai G;Vennila P; Saravanakumar R (NO, Faculty of Home Science, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai-625 104) : Storage stability of jack fruit bar in different packaging materials. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(6), 67-71.

Jack fruit bars prepared as per FPO standard were packed in butter paper, polypropylene (PP) and metallised polyester polyethylene laminate (MPP) and stored at room temperature to study their storage behaviour. The bar samples stored in MPP recorded higher percentage of nutrient retention and minimum microbial count at the end of 180 days. When compared to the samples in butter paper, polypropylene exhibited better storage stability. During storage there was a reduction in vitamin C, β carotene and total sugar contents of the samples irrespective of the packaging materials. The organoleptic score of the bar sample in MPP was found to be higher followed by samples packed in PP and butter paper.

10 ref

017875   Jha S K;Prasad S (Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur) : Development of cereal-pulse based extruded food. J agric Engng 1997, 34(1), 24-31.

Extruded food was developed using a laboratory extruder. Broken raw rice and mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) flours were used as the ingredients. The extrusion process of variables like feed moisture content, screw speed, and die temperature on the physical and textural properties like bulk density, expansion ratio, hardness and moisture content of extrudate were investigated. Expansion ratio varied between 2.2 and 3.46, bulk density varied from 65 to 150 kg/m³, hardness varied form 45 to 110 N and moisture content of extrudate varied from 6 to 12% (wet basis). Sensory evaluation of the product was conducted to evaluate the overall acceptability. The extruded food prepared from the flour of rice and mungbean in proportion of 70 : 30 at processing conditions of 170°C die temperature. 170 rpm screw speed and 12.6% moisture content (wet basis) was found to be the most acceptable product.

017874   Hashem M M (National Research Centre, Textile Research Division, , Dokki, Cairo, Egypt) : Low temperature bleaching of flax fibres with peracetic acid. J Text Ass 1999, 60(2), 55-62.

Grey flax fibres were bleached with activated peracetic acid at low temperature. Paracetic acid was prepared in situ by perhydrolysis of acetic anhydride with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sodium tetraborate. 2,2-bipyridine was used to form trischelate complex with Fe² ions naturally present in the fibres. The Fe⁺²bipyridine complex activates the bleaching process. Sodium lauryl sulphate was used as a stabilizer to peracetic acid. Optimum bleaching formulation and bleaching conditions as well as reaction mechanisms were studied. The effect of pretreatment of grey flax fibres on its accessibility towards activated peracetic acid bleaching was also studied. Bleaching process was followed up by measuring the whiteness index of bleached flax fibres as well as the total loss in fibre weight and fibre tensile strength. It was found that the optimum bleaching formulation is realized by using borax (17.5) g/l, (H2O2), 6 g/l, (2,2-bipyridine) 0.3 g/l, (sodium lauryl sulphate) 2 g/l, and (acetic anhydride) 3.5 g/l, using material to liquor ratio 1:50 at 50°C for 1 h. It has also been found that the pretreatment of the grey flax fibres using reductive scouring facilitates its bleaching and improve the whiteness index of the bleached flax fibres without any serious degradation or loss in tensile strength.

26 ref

017873   gebhardt W;Kroning M;Reddy K M (NO, Fraunhofer-Institute for Nondestructive Testing (IZEP), Bldg. 37, Uni, D-66123 Saarbrucken, Germany) : Application of air coupled ultrasound. J Nondestructive Test Evaluation 1999, 19(2), 29-35.

Based upon piezoelectric composite materials air borne ultrasonic probes with frequencies above 100 KHz were developed. These probes are characterised by a bandwidth larger than 50% as well as a signal-to noise ratio higher than 100 dB. The essential part of the probes is a piezo-composite (1-3-configuration) developed at the IZEP. By proper choice of the ceramic material, the plastic material, the volume fraction of both materials as well as the geometrical dimensions of the structure, the elastic and piezoelectric properties of composite can be matched to be various applications. The piezo-composites are characterised by a high electro-acoustic coupling coefficient (about 0.7), better acoustic matching to gas (acoustic impedance 6 to 10 MRayl in comparison to 35 MRayl of the piezo-ceramic) and a low mechanical quality factor. Air borne ultrasonic probes are applied in detection of near surface cracks in metals or ceramics by generation of Rayleigh waves, inspection of thin metal plates by Lamb wave generation, the detection of impact damages and delaminations in composite materials and imaging of surface structures. To further improve the efficiency of air coupled probes, compressed air shoes and travelling wave transducers are in current development.

11 ref

017872   DasGupta D K;Babu Rao N;Jayaraman K S (NO, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Siddarthanagar, Mysore-570 011) : Improvement in rehydration and shelf stability of hot air dried and sundried cabbage by predrying treatment. Indian Fd Packer 1999, 53(6), 51-60.

Blanched shredded cabbage was pretreated with salt and sugar and dried by hot air and sun drying. The products were evaluated for drying, rehydration, sensory evaluation, sorption isotherms and storage characteristics vis-a-vis untreated control. While sugar by itself brought about considerable improvement, salt further augmented its effect in both modes of drying. A level of 3% salt and 6% sugar in soak solution and soaking for 12-16 hr at 4°C were found optimum to improve sensory and rehydration quality without affecting palatability. The treatment increased ascorbic acid loss in air dried cabbage by 21% but improved its shelflife to 12 months under ambient and 6 months at 37°C as compared to 6 months and 3 months respectively for the control in paper-foil-polythene pouches. Drying away from direct sun inside a cabinet minimised browning, loss of chlorophyll and oxidative rancidity although it increased drying time.

13 ref

017871   Bhaumik S K;Biswal S K;Besra L;Reddy P S R; Das S K;Rao G V (Regional Research Laboratory, , Bhubaneswar-751 013) : Beneficiation of sillimanite using 220 MM diameter flotation column. Trans Indian Inst Metals 1999, 52(1), 1-6.

Large scale sillimanite beneficiation studies carried out, at the instance of M/s. Indian Rare Earths Ltd, on the largest pilot flotation colum set up available in the country are discussed. Around 2 tonnes of beneficiated sillimanite concentrate containing around 90% sillimanite was produced while treating around 10 tonnes of material from the concentrate upgradation plant (CUP) tailings of OSCOM Chattrapur, Orissa containing 42% sillimanite. The large scale studies were primmarily carried out to substantiate the results obtained on 75 mm diameter Diester flotation column at MRDC, Quilon. It is established that sillimanite concentrate contining 90% sillimanite with around 90% recovery can be obtained by using 0.75 kg/tonne sodium oleate as collector. Effect of feed rate, air rate and collector dosage were also studied attempting to reproduce the results and the salient findings are presented.

016854   Zeneca Limited (NO, , Imperial Chemical House, Millbank, London SW1P 3JF, England) : Process for the preparation of 1, 1,l-trichlorothifluoroethane. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016853   WM Wrigley JR Company (NO, , 410 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, U.S.A) : Method for continuously manufacturing chewing gum and chewing gum base. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016852   The Procter and Gamble Company (NO, , One Procter and Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, State of Ohio 45202, USA) : Cosmetic emulsion compositions. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016851   The Procter and Gamble Company (NO, , One Procter and Gamble Plaza, Cincinnati, State of Ohio 45202, USA) : Synergistic bleaching composition capable of being used as bleaching agents or bleaching boosters. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016850   The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory (NO, , 555, Technology Square, Combridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA) : Apparatus for detecting an improper stitch in a chainstitch sewing machine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016849   Societe Des Produits Nestle S A (NO, , CH-1800 Vevey, Switzerland) : Process for producing a fat containing confectionery material such as chocolate having smooth surface finish by extrusion. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016848   Reilly Industries, Inc (NO, , 300 N. Meridian St. Suite 1500 Indian Apolis, Indiana 46204-1763, USA) : Process for preparing quinoline base. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016847   Recytec S A (NO, , 22, Rue Juste-Oliver, CH-1260 Nyon, Switzerland) : Process for preparing metal articles with radioactively decontaminated surfaces. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016846   Polimeri Europa s. r. l (NO, , Via Enrico Fermi, 4, Brindisi, Italy) : Process for the preparation of a solid component of catalyst for the (CO) polymerization of ethylene. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016845   Pilkington Glass Limited (NO, , Prescot Road, St. Helens, Mersey-Side WA10 3TT, United Kingdom) : Method of producing mirrors and a mirror thereof. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016844   Pilkingtom PLC (NO, , Prescot Road, St. Helens, Merseyside WA10 3TT, United Kingdom) : Oxygen measuring probe. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016843   Novo Nordisk (NO, , Novo Alle, 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark) : Process for making cheese. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016842   Novo Nordisk (NO, , Novo Alle, 2880 Bagsvaerd, Denmark) : Process for producing deoxygenated oil or oil containing products. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016841   Montell Technology Company, B V (NO, , Hoekstee 66, 2132 MS Hoofddorp, The Netherlands) : Process for preparing a magnesium halide supported olefin polymerization catalyst. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016840   Montari Industries Limited (NO, , 78, Nehru Place, New Delhi-110 019) : Process for the preparation of 0, 0-3, 5, 6 trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate deriv. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016839   Montari Industries Limited (NO, , 78 Nehru Place, New Delhi-110 019) : Process for the preparation of 0, 0-diethyl-0-3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016838   Kanegafuchi Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha (NO, , No. 2-4, Nakanoshima, 3-Chome, Kitaku, Osaka-Shi, Osaka-Fu, Japan) : Process for preparing a composite immobilized catalytic enzyme preparation. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016837   Inhale Therapeutic Systems (NO, , 1001 East Meadow Circle, Palo Alto, California 94303, USA) : Apparatus for aerolizing a powder. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016836   Hoechst Aktiengessellschaft (NO, , 65926, Frankfurt Am Main, Federal Republic of Germany) : Process for preparing NO₂ free NO_x containing fluid. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016835   Hoechst Aktiengessellschaft (NO, , D-6230 Frankfurt AM Main 80, Federal Republic of Germany) : Improved process for the preparation of vinyl chloride. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016834   Hoechst Aktienegesellschaft (NO, , D-6230 Frankfurt AM Main 80, Federal Republic of Germany) : Process for the preparation of a modified cellulose fiber material. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016833   Hemagen PFC (NO, , 11810 Borman Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63146, USA) : Process for the preparation of a stable taxine containing oil emulsion. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016832   General Electric Company (NO, , 1 River Road, Schnectady 12345, State of New York, USA) : Method of preparing purified phenol. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016831   Forest Research Institute (NO, , P.O. New Forest, Dehradun-248 006) : Process for preparation of bryonolic acid from tetrameles nudiflora bark and leaves. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016830   Eli Lilly and Co (NO, , Lilly Corporate Center, City of Indianapolis, State of Indiana, USA) : Process for preparing racoxifene. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016829   Dow Corning S A (NO, , Parc Industriel, B-7180 Seneffe, Belgium) : Improved process for making liquid polymers. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016828   Defence Research and Development Establishment (NO, , Ministry of Defence, Govt. of India, Sena Bhawan, DHQ P.O. B-341, New Delhi-110 011) : Process for the preparation of insecticidal composition in the form of chalkstick. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016827   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the preparation of N-(2-pyridyl)-α-bromopalmitamide. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016826   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Improved process for the synthesis of 1-chloro-3-[2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl] propane. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

016825   Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Process for the synthesis of mixture of novel (1R, 3S) and (1S, 3S))-alkyl 1-substituted-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydro-9H-pyrido (3, 4-B) indole-3-carboxylates. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).