010419   Devender Kumar;Naveen Kumar;Badial D (NO, EBS Babugarh, Ghaziabad) : Freezing of stallion semen using different cryo-protective agents. J Remount vet Crop 2005, 44(2), 47-52.

1 table, 19 ref

010418   Dahiya D S;Singh R P;Khanna A S (Anim Breed Dep, CCS Haryana Agric Univ, Hisar-125 004) : Estimation of cross breeding parameters in holstien friesian and jersey crosses with Hariana cattle. J Remount vet Crop 2005, 44(2), 53-61.

Study was conducted to estimate the average genetic, heterotic and recombination effects of performance traits in crossbreds of Holstein-Friesian and Jersey breeds with Hariana cattle.

21 ref

010417   Annabel R;Gunasingh A;Vassanda E;Pushparaj N (Zool Dep, Kanchi Mamunivar Cent for Post-Graduate Stud, Lawspet, Pondicherry-605 008) : Report of an unusual tripod fish. Geobios 2005, 32(4), 313-14.

^ssc2 illus, 3 ref

010416   Ahmad M E;Rajendra Singh (Zool Dep, T.M. Bhagalpur Univ, Bhagalpur, Bihar) : Food plants associations, seasonal occurrence and parasitoids/hyperparasitoids of few species of Aphis linnaeus from north-eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. J advd Zool 2005, 26(1), 41-6.

Aphis Linn. is a large and complex genus in the target area of north eastern Utter Pradesh and recorded to infest a number of agricultural, horticultural and weed plants. Four polyphagous species of Aphis ciz., Aphis asclepiadis Fitch, Aphis fabae complex, Aphis nasturtii Kaltenbach, Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe and Aphis critricola vander Goot were found to be parasitised by three species of parasitoids viz., Aphelinus gossypii Timberlake, Lipolexis scutellaris Mackauer and Binodoxys indicus Subba Rao & Sharma. B. indicus attacks all the Aphis spp. except A. nasturtii. These parasitoids were parasitised by three species of hyperparasitoids i.e., Alloxysta pleuralis (Cameron), Chartocerus walkeri Hayat and Phaenoglyphis sp.

1 table, 13 ref

009083   Zargar S;Ghosh T K (Environmental Biotechnology Div, Natn Environmental Engng Res Inst (NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur- 440 020, Email: ghoshtk2@rediffmail.com) : Thermal and biocidal (chlorine) effects on freshwater zooplankton. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 91-5.

Deals with the impact of select levels of temperature (26, 31, 33 and 36°C) individually and in combination with different chlorine concentrations (10, 5, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125 and 0.06ppm) on growth rates of zooplankters, viz. Cyclops sp. & Diaptomus sp. (copepods) and Ceriodaphnia sp. (a cladoceran) in the laboratory. Investigations towards effects of different temperature levels on the zooplankton indicated that survivability of these organisms was affected at temperatures 33°C and above. However, Student's 't' test revealed that percent growth rates of the plankters at 26°C were significantly higher (P<60>0.05) than those at 31, 33 and 36°C. The survival of the zooplankton was not affected at 0.06 ppm of chlorinated water irrespective of selected temperatures.

4 illus, 21 ref

009082   Walia V K;Wadhawan D (Dep of Zool, Panjab Univ, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: virinder_k_walia@rediffmail.com) : Taxonomic studies on indian gelechiidae IV. Syrmadaula signumforcipatus sp. nov. from north India (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea). Biol Memo 2004, 30(2), 100-03.

Syrmadaula signumforcipatus sp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) has been described along with remarks on its sitting posture and various localities. It is the first representative of aforementioned genus from Indla.

6 illus, 5 ref

009081   Upadhyay R K (Dep. Zool, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur-273 009, Email: rkupad@yahoo.com) : Role of genes in social organization of insects. Biol Memo 2004, 30(2), 56-66.

Social insects, such as bees, wasps, ants and termites show complex social behavioural activities in groups and organize their social life on the basis of ecological habit and microenvironment. Social genes controlling behavioural drives and social activities have recently been discovered. Being complex genetic factors, these regulate metabolic induction of gene expression and molecular switching in insects. The most important role of these social genes lies in integrated learning and cellular differentiation. Early embryonic development leads to the formation of different cascades, segments, wing discs and social castes for diverse functions. These social genes may regulate the formation of a mound (shape and size), its architectural planning, construction of galleries, living space and defense systems, and propagate integrated learning, regulate behavioural rhythmicity, division of labour, thermoregulation and differential gene expression. These genes are also responsible for kin selection, kin recognition and sex allocation, and being maternal effect genes, also function as informational genes and carry genetic information in the form of genomic imprinting for behavioural organization.

4 tables, 74 ref

009080   Tripathi G;Bhardwaj P (Dep of Zool, J N Vyas Univ, Jodhpur-342 001, Email: drgst@rediffmail.com) : Impact of earthworm population on nutrient dynamics of different pedoecosystems in desert. Biol Memo 2004, 30(2), 86-94.

Impact of earthworm population on soil organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and C/N ratio have been studied in garden, grassland, sewage and non- cultivated pedoecosystems of hot desert. The population density of different earthworm species (Amynthas morrisi, Metaphire posthuma, Lampito mauritii, Dichogaster bolaui, Perionyx sansibaricus and Octochaetona paliensis) was correlated with soil physicochemical characteristics, such as temperature, pH, moisture, C, N, P, K and C/N ratio. The total population (aclitellate and clitellate) density (number/m²) showed a significant positive correlation with soil moisture (%), C (%), N (%), P (%), K (%) and C/N ratio in a particular pedoecosystem. Whereas soil pH and temperature did not vary significantly with the seasonal changes in earthworm population. Maximum earthworm population was found in July, August and September, while lowest in January, April, May and June. Population dynamics of earthworms reveal the occurrence of one breecdig season (rainy) for A. morrisi, M. posthuma, D. bolaui and O. paliensis, while two breeding seasons (rainy and winter) for L. mauritii. Therefore, the conservation of earthworm population should be encouraged for preserving fertility of arid environment on a sustainable basis.

4 illus, 22 ref

009079   Tilak K S;Veeraiah K;Thathaji P B (Dep of Zool, Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Nagarjunanagr-522 510) : Histopathological changes in gill tissue of the fish Channa punctata exposed to sublethal concentration of butachlor and Machete, a herbicide. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 111-15.

Histopathological changes in the gill tissue of the fish Channa punctata exposed to sublethal concentration of butachlor and Machete an herbicide ware studied. Marked pathological changes were observed ranging from bulging of tips of primary gill filaments to fusion of disorganised secondary gill filaments.

3 illus, 28 ref

009078   Tilak K S;Vardhan K S;Suman Kumar B (Dep of Zool, Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Nagarjunanagar-522 510) : The effect of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate on the oxygen consumption of the fish Ctenopharyngodon idella (valenciennes). J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 117-22.

Investigation was carried out to assess the impact of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate on the oxygen consumption of the fish Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes). The effects on O₂ consumption were studied by exposing the fish Ctenopharyngodon idella to the toxicants. The changes in oxygen consumption as decrement was noticed with increasing exposure time.

3 illus, 33 ref

009077   Thomas S;Jayanthi J;Ragunathan M G (Dep of Zool, P.G. Ext Cent Univ of Madras, Vellore-632 004) : Biochemical mobilization in an eyestalk ablated male freshwater crab, Paratelphusa hydrodromous due to certain neurotransmitters. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 63-6.

The organic compounds like protein, carbohydrates and lipids have been quantitatively estimated in the tissues such as haemolymph, hepatopancreas and testis after injecting fenfluramine, octopamine and dopamine to an eyestalk ablated freshwater crab, Paratelphusa hydrodromous and all the tissues showed fluctuations in their organic contents. The results show that the more accumulation of organic contents in the testis of the fenfluramine treated crabs is due to the gonadal stimulatory action of fenfluramine.

3 tables, 9 ref

009076   Theophilus J;Balaravi P;Reddy P U M (Dep of Zool, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 007) : Electrophoretic variation in serum albumins of three species of Channa. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 87-90.

Study on the electrophoretic pattern of serum albumin of three species belonging to Genus Channa revealed multiple fractions. Variation in number and relative mobilities of these fractions were observed which could be recognized into different patterns that were species specific.

3 illus, 9 ref

009075   Tejdeep K K (Deptt. of Zool & Fish, Punjab Agric Univ, Ludhiana, Punjab) : Breeding activities of common myna Acridotheres tristis in wooden nest boxes. Pestology 2005, 29(7), 39-41.

Breeding pairs of Common Myna Acridotheres tristis were recorded nesting, breeding and rearing its brood successfully in the wooden nest boxes (8 x 8.5 x 10 inch dimensions with an opening of 2.2 inch dia.) installed on different tree types. The clutch size ranged from 3 to 5; the average egg size and average egg weight was 28.70 x 21.40 mm and 7.90 g respectively. The incubation period varied from 11.5 to 14 days; nestling period ranged from 18 to 25 days. There was found 66% hatching success in the said study. Wooden nest boxes seem to have potential in providing suitable nesting sites for omnivorous and insectivorous avian species in the intensively cultivated areas.

10 ref

009074   Sudhir Raizada;Chadha N K;Javed H;Ali M;Singh I J;Sanjeevan Kumar;Ashok Kumar (NO, Cent Inst of Fish Educ, Rohtak Centre, Lahli, Rohtak-124 411) : Monoculture of giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii in inland saline ecosystem. J Aquacult Trop 2005, 20(1), 45-56.

India abounds about 6.5 million hectare land as salt-affected in nature and approximately 33.7 million hectare in the form of waterlogged. Such land are becoming unfit for a sustainable commercial agriculture produce due to poor productivity and the farmers are gradually abandoning them as barren fields. The monoculture of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii has been successfully tried on saline land at CIFE, Rohtak Centre, Rohtak (Haryana State) in India by tapping low-saline inland groundwater aquifer. The results have indicated a production of 1,000 kg/ha in six months with an average growth of length 15.0 ± 2.07 cm and weight 40.66 ± 19.60 gm respectively. The month-wise growth revealed a positive correlation coefficient and regression equation were found matching to the predicted values. The soil quality of the production saline pond was measured-pH 8.34, electrical conductivity 1.55 mmhos/cm, organic carbon 0.44 mg L^-1, available nitrogen 7.42 mg/100 gm soil, available phosphorus 0.918 mg/100 gm soil, sodium 48.00 mg/100 gm soil, potassium 22.2 mg/100 gm soil, calcium and magnesium 27.4 mg/100 gm soil. The water quality revealed a range of temperature 19.0-31.0°C, pH 8.0-8.4, DO 6.0 ± 2-7.0 ± 1 mg L^-1, free CO₂ nil-6.0 ± 2 mg L^-1, carbonate nil-10.0 ± 2 mg L^-1, bicarbonates 190 ±10-276 ± 8, chlorides 1610 ± 10-1640 ± 20 mg L^-1, total hardness 1210 ± 8-1320 ± 20 mg L^-1 and salinity 4.0 g L^-1. The study indicated a great potential from such lands by adopting freshwater prawn farming.

6 illus, 5 tables, 35 ref

009073   Srivastava S J;Gupta A K;Srivastava P K; Abhinav (Dep of Zool, S.M.M. Town Post-Graduate Coll, Ballia-277 001) : Acute toxicity of malachite green to fingerlings of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Biol Memo 2004, 30(2), 120-1.

Static test has been performed to determine the acute toxicity of malachite green to the fingerlings of Cyprinus carpio. LC₅₀ values were 2.65, 1.95, 1.60 and 1.30 x 10^-2 mg/l for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. The calculated presumable harmless (safe) concentration was 0.32 x 10^-2 mg/l.

1 table, 22 ref

009072   Shukla S;Dass S K;Saksena D N (Dep of Zool, Bundelkhand Univ, Jhansi - 294 128) : Biochemical alteration in the liver and kidney of a fresh water catfish Clarias batrachus (Linn.) exposure of organophosphorus pesticide Nuvan (DDVP). J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 135-40.

Changes in the control of total protein in the liver and kidney of freshwater catfish Clarias batrachus have been studied after exposing the catfish to 0.10 mgl^-1 and 0.16 mgl^-1 of Nuvan for 10 and 20 days. The decrease in total protein was found to be highly significant after 10 days exposure at a concentration of 0.10 mgl^-1 when the fishes were exposed to 0.16 mgl^-1 of Nuvan the total proteins in the liver has been reported decreased significant. The decrease was more pronounced after 20 days of exposure (p 70.001) than after 10 days. The total protein contents of the kidney also showed highly significantly reeducation after the exposure of 0.10 mgl^-1 for 10 days. The decrease in the total protein content after 20 days was non-significant. Biochemical impact of organophosphorous pesticide, Nuvan on body tissue of freshwater catfish Clarias batrachus.

4 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

009071   Shendge A N;Mane U H (Dep of Zool, Tuljaram Chaturchand Coll, Baramati-413 102, Dist. Pune) : Seasonal variation of muscle glycogen content in the common carp Cirrhina reba (Hamilton). J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 79-82.

The common carp Cirrhina reba (Hamilton) from Pune District in Maharashtra was studied in relation to the seasonal variation in the tissue glycogen content. The variation obtained was related to the maturation cycle of the fish.

1 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

009070   Sattari M;Mokhayer B (Fish Dep Fac of Nat Resources, The Univ of Guilan, Sowmeh-Sara, P.O. Box 1144, Iran) : Occurrence and intensity of some parasites in five sturgeon species (Chondrostei: Acipenseridae) southwest of Caspian Sea. Curr Sci 2005, 89(2), 259-63.

2 tables, 11 ref

009069   Sampada T;Pejaver M (Dep of Zool, B.N. Bahdodkar Coll of Sci, Thane (W)-400 061) : Preliminary observations on effect of three different types of food on the population density of the fresh water rotifer, Lecane inopinata. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 159-61.

Effect of three different types of food i.e. Chlorella, bacteria in supernatant liquid of DOGC dipped in distilled water and bacteria in supernatant liquid of rice bran dipped in distilled water was studied on Lecane inopinata. Preliminary observations on population density of L. inopinata were recorded. Maximum population density was observed in the set of experiments where bacteria in the supernatant liquid of rice bran dipped in distilled water were used as the food and minimum population density was observed in the set of experiments where Chlorella was used as food. Thus preliminary investigations showed that Lecane inopinata prefers bacteria as food than microalgae, Chlorella spp.

1 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

009068   Sambasivam S;Thirunavukkarasu N;Maheshkumar K (Cent of Advd Study in Mar Biol, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502) : Nutritional evaluation of Octopus rugosus. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 83-5.

The biochemical evaluation like carbohydrate, protein, lipid, calorific and water content were studied in O. rugosus in mature, immature male & female whole animal apart from arm and mantle. The values were varied carbohydrate 0.91 to 1.54%, protein 39.5 to 67.8%, lipid 6.2 to 12.6%, and calorific content 2.25 to 4.96k. cal/gm.

1 table, 13 ref

009067   Rohankar P H;Kulkarni K M (Environmental Physiol Laboratory Dep of Zool, Govt. Vidarbha Inst of Sci and Humanities, Amravati-444 604) : Alteration in oxygen consumption in freshwater snail Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck) during pesticide exposure. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2005, 10(1), 45-8.

Freshwater gastropod Bellamys bengalensis (Lamarck) from Amravati region were exposed to lethal and sub-lethal concentration of phosphamidon as acute and chromic treatment at normal temperature. There is decrease in oxygen consumption with increase in pesticide concentration with slight fluctuation in early hours.

2 tables, 16 ref

009066   Raut N S;Pejaver M (Dep of Zool, B.N. Bandodkar Coll of Sci, Chendani, Thane - 400 601) : New reocords of rotifers from Thane lakes (Maharashtra). J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 9-14.

During the course of an extensive survey of the ecology and systematics of the rotifiers from lakes of Thane city, (Maharashtra) few rotifer species i.e. B. rubens, B. bidentata, B. budapestinencsis, B. patulus, Lepadella sp, Lecane sp, Monostyla sp., Polyathra sp. were recorded first time from different lakes of Thane city.

29 ref

009065   Rathod R T;Baig M S;Khandelwal P N;Gade P R (Dep of Pharmacology, Government Med Coll, Aurangabad-431 001) : Memantine hydrochioride. Antiseptic 2005, 102(3), 115-16.

4 illus, 22 ref

009064   Rao P;Ashlesha P;Anjali Devi C (Dep of Fd and Nutri, Osmania Univ Coll of Women, Koti, Hyderabad-500 095) : Consumption pattern of fish & seafood in a selected population in Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 175-8.

With the change in lifestyle and increasing risks to health, there is a change in the food choices of the people towards a healthy living. The study was an attempt to gather information on the consumption of fish and seafood among a selected population in Hyderabad The study reveals the preference for certain varieties of fish and the frequency of consumption of these. Fish contains omega 3 fatty acids and is well known for protecting against cardiovascular diseases.

1 table, 10 ref

009063   Rajasegar M (P.G. Dep of Zool, T.B.M.L. Coll, Porayar-609 307) : Length weight relationship of Nemipterus japonicus from Karaikkal coastal waters, Tamil Nadu. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 25-6.

Length weight relationship of 82 specimens of N. japonicus was collected from Karaikkal coastal waters during January to June 2004. Total length varied from 110 to 208 mm and weight ranged between 35 to 212g. The b value is 3.4456 and the results showed significant correlation between length and weight (P<60>0.001).

1 illus, 7 ref

009062   Rahman M A;Waggas A M (Dep of Zool Fac of Sci, Helwan Univ, Egypt) : Comparison between the effect of chronic administration of kola-nut extract and fenetylline hydrochloride on monoamlnes content in different brain areas of the albino rat. Biosci Res Bull 2004, 20(2), 75-95.

Aim of the study is to compare the chronic effect of kola - nut extract and fenetylline hydrochloride on epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) contents in different brain areas of albino rat. Also, the effect of their potential interaction was studied. The chronic administration of kola - nut extract (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and its subsequent withdrawal caused a significant decrease in mionoamines content in all tested brain areas at most of the tested times. This, may be, in part, due to the presence of caffeine in the extract which antagonized the adenosine receptors and led to increase the intracellular concentration of Ca ²⁺ ions and increased the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic cells as a result the content of monoamines is decreased. Also, the extract contains catechin which activated catecholamine-O-methyl transferase (COMT) as a result the content of catecholamines is decreased. From the results, it was found that chronic i.p. administration of fenetylline hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) and its subsequent withdrawal caused a significant decrease in monoamines content in all tested brain areas at different time intervals. This maybe due to the presence of theophylline and amphetamine in the molecule of fenetylline. Theophylline antagonized adenosine receptors and at the same time amphetamine caused an increase in the release of monoamines, this may be, in part, due to the stimulation of vesicular efflux or direct induction of Ca²⁺ dependent exocytotic release and at the same time amphetamine also inhibited the reuptake. The decrease in 5-HIAA content may by due to the decrease in 5-HT content. It could be concluded that kola-nut and fenetylline present a complex activity spectrum which is probably related to the presence of both caffeine and catechin in kola-nut and theophylline and amphetamine in fenetylline molecule. It is also clear that the effect of 10 mg/kg of kola-nut extract may be nearly equivalent to the effect of 5 mg/kg of fenetylline hydrochloride.

11 tables, 58 ref

009061   Ragunathan M G;Jayanthi J;Eswaralakshmi R (Dep of Zool, Guru Nanak Coll, Chennai- 42) : Inhibitory action of reserpine and chlorpromazine on the reproduction of a female crab, Paratelphusa hydrodromous. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 97-100.

Reserpine and chlorpromazine produce depletion of the stored neurosecretory materials in the brain and thoracic ganglia. The ovarian and spermathecal indices decreased in the reserpine and chlorpromazine treated crabs. The oocytes of the ovaries of reserpinised crabs exhibited regression and collapsed state. The spermatheca of the reserpine treated crabs showed disintegration and discontinuity of its granular substances when compared to their saline treated controls.

1 table, 17 ref

009060   Raddar S R;Saidapur S K;Shanbhag A B (Bldg A 08, The Sch of Biol Sci, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia) : Population density, microhabitat use and activity pattern of the Indian rock lizard, Psammophilus dorsalis (Agamidae). Curr Sci 2005, 89(3), 560-6.

Rock lizard, Psammophilus dorsalis is found in rocky hills in southern India. Authors has estimated the population density of P. dorsalis in three sites, each measuring <126> 0.5 ha, area around the village Hampi (Karnataka). The density of rock lizards was found to be ~90 per ha. The population of adults is characterized by a female-biased sex ratio. Males are larger than females and gorgeous with nuptial colours during breeding season, while females are mottled and difficult to distinguish from the stones. The species exhibits a clear sex-specific niche separation. Males occupied higher perches than females; the latter were generally found at lower heights or on ground. The daily activity pattern of the lizards of both sexes typically involves basking in the morning hours (up to 0930 h) followed by other activities such as foraging, moving, and searching for mates and oviposition sites (during breeding season). The lizards were sighted in large numbers during their peak activity period, the morning phase. The sightings declined in the afternoon (1300-1545 h) with a rise in air temperature, as they retreated to shady areas and crevices. However, during the breeding season the lizards continued their activity even during afternoons, possibly associated with the reproductive events. In the late afternoon (1600-1700 h), with a decline in ambient temperature, the lizards once again appeared in the open for foraging and so on. The chief proximate factor controlling diurnal bimodal activity pattern in P. dorsalis appears to be ambient temperature.

4 illus, 2 tables, 24 ref

009059   Priyamalini K;Eswaralakshmi R;Jayanthi J; Ragunathan M G (Dep of Zool, P.G. Ext Cent Univ of Madras, Vellore - 632 004) : Influence of 5-hydroxytryptamine on the gonadal development of a female crab, Paratelphusa hydrodromous. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 59-61.

The histological sections of the 5-HT treated oocytes show rich ooplasmic contents and the nucleolus are indistinct and the spermatheca at the stage I reveals an outer cuticular, middle muscular and inner epithelial linings and the sections of the 5- HT treated spermatheca shows high secretory nature of the epithelial cells and the central lumen is filled with secretory substances. The ovarian and spermathecal indices have increased significantly in the saline and the 5-HT treated crabs. The histological study shows polymorphic oocytes in the stage I ovaries.

8 ref

009058   Pampatwar D V;Ambore N E (Dep of Zool, ACS Coll, Shankarnagar, Tq. Biloli, Dist. Nanded (M.S.)) : Effect of activity level on total amino acid content of heart in Channa gachua and Labeo rohita - a comparative study. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 75-8.

It was found that the increase in weight of the fish causes changes in total free amino acids content in heart of Channa gachua & Labeo rohita. In the heart of Channa gachua, the free amino acid content was slightly increased with respect to increasing body weight. It does mean that as weight of the fish increases, free amino acid content also increases. In Labeo rohita, the amino acid content in heart was initially increased gradually & it followed by sharp increased in free amino acid content. The heart of Channa gachua showed increases level of free amino acid while in Labeo rohita, the free amino acid content initially increase & then decrease with respect to increasing weight of the fish body.

1 tables, 32 ref

009057   Natarajan G M;Kalvathi D;EstherJoice P; Palanisamy P;Sasikalal G;Bhuvaneshwari N;Binu Kumari S (Post Grad and Res Dep of Zool, Government Arts Coll (Autonomous), Coimbatore-641 018) : Studies on pesticide disrupted ovarian physiology and biochemistry of Channa striata. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2005, 10(1), 93-6.

Metasystox exposure induced significant changes in the histophysiology of the ovary, blood glucose content and glycogen concentration in the air-breathing fish, Channa striata. The results are discussed.

2 tables, 7 ref

009056   Natarajan G M;Devaki R;Joice P E;Palanisamy P;Bhuvaneshwari N;Sasikala G;Binu Kumari S (Post Grad and Res Dep of Zool, Government Arts Coll (Autonomous), Coimbatore-641 018) : Environment induced changes in the bimodal gas exchange and haematology of facultative air-breathing fish, Mystus punctatus (Jerdon). Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2005, 10(1), 191-4.

Mystus punctatus extracted 69.23% of O2 from water and 30.77% from air. Air-exposure, starvation, temperature and hypoxic exposure induced marked changes in the bimodal respiration. Air-exposure also altered the haematological parameters.

2 tables, 9 ref

009055   Narendran T C;Girish Kumar P;Santhosh S ; Sheeba M;Vyjayandi M C;Kishore L (Systematic Ent Laboratory Dep of Zool, Univ of Calicut, Calicut-673 635) : New species of Nesolynx ashmead (Hymenoptera : Eulophidae) from borneo. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2005, 10(1), 41-4.

New species viz., Nesolynx sigmophorae is described from Borneo and its affinities are discussed. It differs from all known species in having vertex like that of the genus Sigmophora sixth tergite subvertical and declined to anterior ventral side and fifth tergite with raised micropunctate.

4 illus, 5 ref

009054   Mumtazuddin S;Ehteshamuddin S (Univ Dep of Chem, B.R.A. Bihar Univ, Muzaffarpur-842 001) : Effect of metal poisoning on total body ascorbic acid in Sphaerodema rusticum (Belostomatidae : Hemiptera). Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2005, 10(1), 83-6.

In the investigation the effect of three metal compounds, viz., copper sulphate, cobalt nitrate and Mohr's salt on the total body ascorbic acid of an aquatic insect Sphaerodema rysticum has been studied. It was observed that both the male and the female insects showed decline in the total body ascorbic acid concentrations on the treatment with all these three metal compounds. It is assumed that metal ions in high concentrations act as inhibitors to different enzyme systems responsible for ascorbic acid synthesis.

3 tables, 5 ref

009053   Malhotra M;Prakash M M;Pawar K (Dep of Zool, Government Holkar Sci Coll, Indore-452 017) : Diel variation in waterfowl during winter at sirpur tank, Indore. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2005, 10(1), 129-38.

Study describes the diel variation in waterfowl at Sirpur tank in the month of March (winter). The survey revealed that 32 species of waterfowl belonging to 9 families and 6 orders were present during the study month. Ducks and Geese in the morning hours followed by Gallinules and Coots, while the contribution of group Grebe was lowest. In general the total number of waterfowl and species observed in the morning was more than at noon and in the evening hours. However, species like Phalacrocorax fuscicollis, Egretta intermedia, Anas acuta were not present in the evening hours and species like Phalacrocorax carbo, Anhinga rufa, Ardea alba, Ardea cinerea, Porphyrio purpurea, Tadoma ferruginea, Anas sterepera, Porphyrio porphyrio, Vanellus malabaricus were found only in the morning hours. It is interesting to note that the shore birds were recorded in the maximum number in the evening.

11 illus, 5 tables, 15 ref

009052   Langer S;Chalotra R K (Dep of Zool, Univ of Jammu, Jammu-180 006) : Studies on the larval development of Macrobrachium dayanum (Henderson). J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 19-23.

A study of the larval development of Macrobrachium dayanum is carried out in detail. The larvae were reared in the laboratory at a temperature range of 25-32°C. The eggs hatched on the 32nd day of the embryonic development during night. Two mysis and a Post larva are described and illustrated. The larval stages varied between 24 hours to 2 days.

3 illus, 14 ref

009051   Kushwaha V B;Sen S K;Singh D K (Dep of Zool, DDU Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur-273 009) : Molluscicidal properties of extracts of leaves of four local plants against snail, Lymnaea acuminata. Biol Memo 2004, 30(2), 95-9.

Molluscicidal activities of crude extracts of leaves of four local plants Murray koengii, Parthenium hysterophorous, Pedilanthus tithmaloides and Calotropis procera against the snail Lymnaea acuminata revealed LC₅₀ values 21.03, 114.53, 9.66 and 14.09 mg/l, respectively. LC₅₀ of the lyophilized extracts of the leaves of these plants were 0.864, 0.611, 1.503 and 0.217 mg/l, respectively. The ethanolic extracts of the leaves of these plants were 0.969, 1.335, 1.607 and 0.441 mg/l, respectively. The lyophilized extracts were more toxic than the ethanol extracts, indicating that the active compounds were more soluble in water than ethanol. The results indicate that the leaves of these plants contain potent molluscicides.

4 illus, 23 ref

009050   Kulkarni D A;Chati R S;Mohekar A D;Deshpande P A;Pawar A H (P.G. Dep of Zool & Res Cent, S.M.D.M. Mahavidyalaya, Kallam-413 507, Dist. Osmanabad) : Seasonal variation in biochemical contents in a freshwater mollusc, Lamellidens marginalis from Manjara, a tributary of Godavari river, Maharashtra. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 67-9.

The fresh water bivalve molluscs Lamellidens marginalis was collected from Manjara River in different season i.e. summer, monsoon and winter. After 24 hrs. acclimation in the laboratory, the biochemical content, total protein, glycogen and lipid content were estimated from different body parts like mantle, hepatopancreas, gonad & gills. The amount of protein in gonad is more in monsoon & winter season than summer. The glycogen content in mantle, hepatopancreas & gonad was near about same in summer but in monsoon & winter there is variation. The amount of lipid was significantly higher in monsoon season in mantle & gonad but in winter, the lipid content was more than in summer.

3 tables, 7 ref

009049   Kulkarni A N;Kamble S M;Keshavan R (Dep Zool & Fishery Sci, Sci Coll, Nanded-431 605) : Studies on impact of Hildan on biochemical constituents in the freshwater mussel, Lamellidens corrianus. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 101-4.

Freshwater mussels were exposed to the sublethal concentration of an organochlorine insecticide, Hildan, for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Changes in certain biochemical constituents like proteins, amino acids, fats and carbohydrates are discussed in relation to exposure period and sublethal concentration.

3 tables, 23 ref

009048   Kohinoor A H M;Pal S;Wahab M A;Islam M; Thomsen S;Thilsted S H (Dep of Fish Mgmt, Bangladesh Agric Univ, Mymensingh, Bangladesh) : Comparison between silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and small indigenous fish mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) in carp polyculture system. J Aquacult Trop 2005, 20(1), 29-44.

Compare the production potential of carps in the polyculture with exotic silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and with native small indigenous fish mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), an experiment was carried out for a period of five months from June to October 1998, in six experimental ponds of the Department of Fisheries Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. There were two treatments with three replicates. Treatment-I was designed with rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) while treatment-ll with rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla Catla), mrigal (Cirrhinus mrigala), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and an indigenous small fish mola (Amblypharyngodon mola). The stocking density of carps were at 7,500 fish/ha in treatment-I and in treatment-II, it was 6,000 fish/ha and mola was stocked in the equivalent weight of silver carp of treatment-I. In both treatments, the fishes were fed with only rice bran, and soft grasses were supplied for grass carp. After five months of culture period, the fish production in treatment-I and II were 1905 and 1817 kg/ha. There was no significant difference between the two treatments in terms of fish production. However, the economic net benefit was higher in treatment-II with mola than treatment-l with silver carp.

6 tables, 39 ref

009047   Khanna P;Sharma O P;Tripathi N K (Dep of Zool, Univ of Jammu, Jammu-180 006, Email: pragyajmu2002@yahoo.co.in) : Karyology of Chironomus striatipennis (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Jammu region, J&K state, India. Biol Memo 2004, 30(2), 72-7.

Karyological studies have been carried out on a locally available larval and pupal population of Chironomus striatipennis from a village in Jammu region of J&K state. This species possesses four salivary gland polytene chromosomes with the arm combination BF, DC, EA & G corresponding to the Pseudothummi cytotaxonomic complex. A photomap of polytene chromosome complement (n=4) has been constructed and the diagnostic features in each chromosome identified. Chromosomal polymorphism with respect to inversions has been worked out. A comparison of the banding pattern in the polytene chromosomes of C. striatipennis with other species of Pseudothummi complex from Jammu region has been made.

3 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

009046   Khan S;Ono K;Onoue Y (Lab. of Aquatic Resource Sci, Kagoshima Univ, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan, Email: salehamk@bdcom.com) : Comparison studies on the toxicology of two Japanese strains of Heterosigma akashiwo (Raphidophyceae. J Aquacult Trop 2005, 20(1), 1-9.

Toxin profiles and ichthyotoxicity of two strains of Heterosigma akashiwo (SI78 and KB95) grown under the same laboratory conditions were compared at different growth phases. The strains were collected from the Seto Inland Sea (SI78) and Kagoshima Bay (KB95), Japan, during the massive red tide outbreaks in 1978 and 1995, respectively. There were great variations in the toxin profiles between the two strains, SI78 was found to be several times more toxic than KB95. SI78 contained a large proportion of HaTx-l (corresponding to PbTx-2) with lesser amounts of HaTx-I a (corresponding to PbTx-9), HaTx-II b (corresponding to PbTx-3) and HaTx-III (corresponding to oxidized PbTx-2) while KB95 contained mainly HaTx-III with small amounts of HaTx-II and HaTx-llb. HaTx-II a was not detectable in KB95 but a very small amount in mid-logarithmic phase. S178 exhibited its highest toxicity (0.018 FU) on the day six of culture at a cell density of 41,475 cells/ml, whereas in KB95 the highest toxicity (0.004 FU) was found on the day eight of culture at a cell density of approximately 142,300 cells/ml.

5 tables, 28 ref

009045   Keshavan R;Kamble S M;Kulkarni A N;Deshmukh P B (Dep of Zool, Fishery Sci Sci Coll, Nanded-431 605) : Impact of sevin on acid and alkaline phosphatase activities of the freshwater mussel Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck). J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 108-10.

The acid phosphatase (AcP) and alkaline phosphatase (AlP) activities in hepatopancreas and foot of the freshwater mussel, Lamellidens manginalis exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of sevin, decrease with increase in exposure period.

1 table, 10 ref

009044   Keshavan R;Kamble S M;Kulkarni A N (Dep of Zool & Fishery Sci, Sci Coll, Nanded-431 605) : Impact of hildan on total protein content of freshwater crab, Barytelphusa guerini. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 105-7.

Freshwater crabs were exposed for 24,48,72 and 96 hours to three sublethal concentrations of Hildan, an organochlorine insecticide. At the end of each exposure period, the total protein content of muscle, hepatopancreas and gills was found to be decreased.

1 table, 13 ref

009043   Kedar G T;Patil G P (Dep of Zool, Y.C. Arts & Sci Coll, Mangrulpir, Dist. Washim, (Maharashtra)) : Avifaunal diversity of Rishi lake, Karanja (lad) Maharashtra with reference to food preference and feeding habits. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 35-8.

Rishi Lake, Karanja (lad) Dist. Washim (M.S.) is a freshwater and historical lake. The lake and its surrounding area contain rich treasure of flora and fauna. It is a nutrient rich lake and harbours variety of birds including migratory birds. The survey regarding the food and feeding habits of birds of Rishi lake and its surrounding area was carried out by field observations during 2003-04, the diet of birds include insects, larvae, worms, crustaceans, molluscs, crabs, water beetles, small fishes, aquatic weeds, aquatic plants from the lake and various foods and grains from surrounding area. Out of total species detected 16 species were carnivorous, 01 species was herbivorous, 11 species were omnivorous, 17 species were insectivorous, 04 species were granivorous, 05 species were frugivorous, 04 species were piscivorous, and 02 species were nectar feeder. The presence of birds in relation to their food preferences and their feeding habits have been discussed.

1 tables, 9 ref

009042   Karuppasamy K;Sooravan T (Post Grad and Res Dep of Zool, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal Coll (Autonomous), Sivakasi-626 124) : Comparison of mosquito fauna in Srivilliputhur town and Krishnankovil village in Tamil Nadu. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2005, 10(1), 105-8.

Systematic survey of mosquito fauna of Srivilliputhur town and Krishnankovil village was carried out from October, 2000 to December, 2001. Nineteen species of mosquito fauna belonging to five genera, such as Armigeres, Culex, Aedes, Anopheles and Mansonia were recorded in both study areas. Eleven mosquito species were recorded in Srivilliputhur and Krishnankovil. One species, Aedes vittatus was present in Krishnankovil alone. In both study areas three mosquito species, such as Armigeres subalbatus, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegyptii were recorded throughout the study period. Vector mosquitoes for malaria, filariasis, dengue fever and encephalities were recorded in the study areas.

1 table, 6 ref

009041   Kar D;Barbhuiya M H (Dep of Life Sci, Assam Univ, Silchar-788 011) : Length-weight relationship and relative condition factor in Hilsa (tenualosa) ilisha (hamilton) of barak drainage in Assam. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2005, 10(1), 265-67.

The length-weight (L-W) relationship and relative condition factor (Kn) in Hilsa (Tenualosa) ilisha (Hamilton) were worked out on samples collected from Barak drainage in Assam during the period from June, 2001 to October, 2002. The value of exponent 'n' in the equation W = cLn was 2.29 for the species Hilsa (Tenualgsa) ilisha. The computed 't' value indicated that 'n' value of the species is significantly different from the expected value '3' and hence the Cube Law W = cLn did not hold good in the ease of Hilsa (Tenualosa) ilisha found in Barak drainage of Assam. The computed value of correlation coefficient (r) in Hilsa (Tenualosa) ilisha was 0.9833324 which is closer to 1 indicating that there is high positive correlation between length and weight in the species. The relative condition factor (Kn) remained greater than 1 for this species indicating their general well-being to be good in the Barak drainage of Assam.

20 ref

009040   Jyothirmayee S;Balaravi P;Theophilus J;Reddy P U M (Dep of Zool, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad - 500 007) : Endosulfan induced changes in IDH pattern in fresh water fishes Anabas testudineus and Clarius batrachus. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 127-9.

Toxic pesticide like endosulfan is being indiscrimnatingly used leading to devastating effect on both environment like waterbodies and aquatic organisms. LDH enzyme patterns of two fresh water fishes subjected to the toxic effect of endosulfan were analysed and were found to exhibit variations.

2 illus, 8 ref

009039   Jyothirmayee S;Balaravi P;Theophillus J; Narender Reddy T;Reddy P U M (Dep of Zool, Osmania Univ, Hyderbabd-500 007) : Chromium induced changes in electrophoretic patterns of esterases in fresh water fishes Clarias batrachus and Anabas testudineus. J Aquatic Biol 2005, 20(1), 130-4.

Chromium induced changes in the electrophoretic patterns of esterases were studied in kidney, liver, gill and muscle of two fresh water, edible fishes, Anabas testudineus and Clarias batrachus. The esterase patterns were species specific. The esterases increased in intensity upto 4th day of exposure and then gradually decreased to normal levels indicating a homeostatic mechanism to regulating chromium concentration. Maximum changes were noted in the liver.

2 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

009038   James R;Sampath K (Dep of Zool, V.O. Chidambaram Coll, Tuticorin-628 008) : Effect of water hardness on growth effect and reproductive potential in Xiphophorus helleri and Betta splendens. J Aquacult Trop 2004, 19(4), 255-66.

Effects of water hardness (76, 316, 540 and 1018 CaCOl^-1) on growth and reproductive potential were studied in aquarium fishes, red swordtail Xiphophorus helleri and fighting fish Betta splendens. X. helleri exhibited maximum growth parameters (mean body length and weight, rates of feeding and conversion and conversion efficiency) and reproductive performance in the highest hardness of 1018 mg CaCO₃l^-1. Female broods of red swordtail reared in 1018 mg CaCO₃l^-1 released 264 fry and it significantly (P <60> 0.01) decreased to 211, 69 and 58 fry in fish reared in 540, 316 and 76 mg CaCO₃l^-1 respectively. On the contrary, B. splendens elicited better growth, feeding parameters and fecundity in the lowest hardness of 316 mg CaCO₃l^-1. Female B. splendens reared in 316 mg CaCO₃^-1 laid more number of eggs/spawn (396) and yielded greater percentage of egg hatching (93%) than other groups. Although female brood laid more number of eggs/spawn, the egg hatchability drastically declined (2.15%) in fish reared in 1018 mg CaCO₃ l^-1. X. helleri and B. splendens prefer hard and soft water respectively for maximum growth and reproductive performance.

6 tables, 30 ref