024397   Samyuktha B H S;Backyavathy D M;Sudha P N (Zoology P.G. and Res Dep, Voorhees Coll, Vellore-632 001) : Standardisation of suitable concentration of distillery effluent for fish culture (Tilapia mossambica). Nat Envir Pollut Technol 2006, 5(3), 347-50.

Large quantities of effluents are generated in distilleries and sugar mills. Instead of dumping them into aquatic bodies, they can be recycled and used for agriculture and aquaculture, since distillery and sugar wastes are the good source of organics and some plant nutrients Hence, the fingerlings of Tilapia mossambica, exposed to different low concentrations of distillery effluents (0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2% and 1.5%), were studied for the growth performance, haematological parameters and biochemical factors. From the experimental results, suitable concentration of distillery effluent for culture of Tilapia mossambica has been found out. The work suggests the use of treated and recycled distillery effluent for the fish culture.

3 tables, 9 ref

024396   Rao K P;Radhakrishnaiah K (Zoology Dep, Sri Krishnadevaraya Univ, Anantapur-515 003) : Pesticidal impact on protein metabolism of the freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio (Lin.). Nat Envir Pollut Technol 2006, 5(3), 367-74.

Total protein content increased in the gills and decreased in the muscle of the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio at days 1 and 2 on exposure to the lethal concentrations and at days 1 and 10 on exposure to the sublethal concentrations of furadan, endosulfan, chlorpyrifos and a mixture of these three in a 100:10:1 ratio. The increase in protein level of the gills was more on exposure to the sublethal concentrations than to the lethal concentrations, while the decrease in protein levels in the muscle was greater on exposure to the lethal concentrations than to the sublethal ones. In the liver the protein content decreased on exposure of the fish to lethal concentrations whereas the content increased on exposure to sublethal ones. These results indicate that the changes in protein levels of the fish are organ-dependant, and also dependant on the concentration of pesticides. Irrespective of the changes in total protein, the level of free amino acids and the activities of protease, alanine and aspartate aminotransferase and glutamate dehydrogenase increased in all the three organs of the fish exposed to both the lethal and sublethal concentrations; more in lethal than in sublethal. The degree of all the changes was more at day 2 in lethal and at day 10 in sublethal. Ammonia toxicity was observed by increase in blood ammonia and decrease in urea in the fish at the lethal concentrations of all the three pesticides, while both ammonia and urea levels increased in the fish exposed to the sublethal concentrations. Even though the effect of any pesticide on the protein metabolism was similar, the degree of toxicity was lowest on exposure to furadan, intermediate on exposure to endosulfan and chlorpyrifos, and cumulative on exposure to the mixture of three pesticides.

4 illus, 35 ref

024395   Radha B;Deivasigamani B;Ramanathan V (Zoology Dep, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai-600 030) : The effects of synthetic salmon calcitonin on the histomorphology of the interrenal in the bagrid catfish Mystus gulio (Ham). Indian J Anim Res 2007, 41(2), 111-15.

Histomorphology of the Interrenal (IR) of Mystus gulio showed hypertrophic changes 24 hours after the last injection of varying dosages of Synthetic Salmon Calcitonin (SCT). The hypertrophic symptoms were increase in the size of the cells and nuclei and lighter staining of the cytoplasm due to depletion of secretory granules. The nucleoli appeared conspicuous; suggesting increased synthetic activity. These changes in the IR might be a direct effect of the alterations in the calcium concentration in blood or a result of the dearth of ovarian hormones consequent to ovarian atrophy.

4 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

024394   Pramanik M K;Aditya G;Raut S K (Zoology Dep, Ecology & Ethology Laboratory, Calcutta Univ, Kolkata) : Survey of anopheline mosquitoes and malarial parasite in commuters in a rural and an urban area in West Bengal, India. J Vector Borne Dis 2006, 43(4), 198-202.

1 illus, 2 tables, 13 ref

024393   Kundu K;Mukherjee A;Banerjee N;Sinha Babu S P (Zoology Dep, Visva-Bharati Univ, Santiniketan-731 235, Email: santi_p@rediffmail.com) : Suppressive effects of alpha-amylase inhibitors from wheat flour on Meloidogyne incognita infestation in tomato and okra. Allelopathy J 2007, 19(2), 517-24.

Application of flour at 5% rhizospheric soil drench to tomato cv. Pusa Ruby and okra cv. Purbani Kranti plants (24 h after inoculation of roots with Meloidogyne incognita juveniles), reduced the infestation. Wheat flour, α-amylase and α-amylase inhibitor did not kill the nematodes in in vitro test, but decreased the α-amylase activity in inoculated roots of tomato and okra. α-Amylase inhibitor applied on tomato and okra leaves (inoculated with M. incognita), ameliorated the root-knot disease. Both α-amylase and α-amylase inhibitors enhanced the enzyme activity in inoculated roots than non-inoculated of roots tomato and okra plants.

2 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

024392   Champanerkar P A;Vaidya V V;Shailajan S; Mhaske H P;Dalvi K M (Industrial Coordination centre, Ramnarain Ruia College, Matunga, Mumbai-400 019) : Effect of regional variation of heavy metal content of Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. using ICP-Aes technique. Nat Envir Pollut Technol 2006, 5(3), 473-5.

Most herbal medicines analysed for heavy metals are found to have higher concentrations of one or more elements. Therefore, limit tests of heavy metals are essential for herbal medicines. There is also a need for heavy metal analysis to be an integral part of the standardisation of herbal medicines. Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers. is a perennial creeping herb found almost all over India and has many pharmacological activities of which diuretic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial and wound healing are a few to be named. Five common heavy metals, Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu and Ni were analysed by Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, which uses the technique of Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP-AES).

1 table, 15 ref

024391   Behl R;Behl J;Gupta N;Gupta S C;Ahlawat S P S;Ragnekar M;Ahmed Z (National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, , P.O. Box 129, GT By-Pass Road, Karnal-132 001, Email: behl1969@rediffmail.com) : Genetic characterization of zanskari breed of horse. J Genet 2006, 85(3), 199-203.

1 illus, 2 tables, 32 ref

023476   Yadav R;Jain G C (NO, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Applied Sciences, Jaipur-302 004) : Effect of chromatographic fraction of crude petroleum ether extract of rhizome of Curcuma longa on early pregnancy in female albino rats. J phytol Res 2006, 19(2), 233-8.

Postcoital antifertility activity and hormonal profile of chromatographic fraction (petroleum ether plus benzene, 1:1 v/v) of petroleum ether extract of rhizome of Curcuma longa, were evaluated in female albino Wistar rats. The chromatographic fraction was administered orally to mated female rats from day 1-5 of pregnancy at 100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt./day doses. The status of pregnancy was recorded on day 15. The chromatographic fraction was 100% effective in abolishing pregnancy at 200 mg/kgb.wt./day dose level as indicated by complete absence of implantation in treated females. The chromatographic fraction exhibited mild uterotrophic activity when treated alone but when given simultaneously with estradiol valerate it failed to show any significant estrogenic or antiestrogenic activity as compared to estradiol valerate alone treated bilaterally ovariectomised immature female rats. Thus, the results of the present study indicate that the petroleum ether plus benzene fraction of petroleum ether extract of Curcuma longa possesses 100% postcoital contraceptive efficacy by virtue of anti-implantation activity.

3 tables, 16 ref

023475   Wanganeo A;Wanganeo R (Limnology Dep, Barkatullah Univ, Bhopal-462 026) : Variation in zooplankton population in two morphologically dissimilar rural lakes of Kashmir Himalayas. Proc Natn Acad Sci India-Sect B 2006, 76(Pt3), 222-39.

Considerable variation in zooplankton species diversity and their density has been recorded in two water bodies situated at the same latitudinal plane, owing to their different morphological nature. Shallow water body (Bod- Sar lake) has been found to support more zooplankton species both quality as well as quantity wise in comparison to relatively deep Manasbal lake. In general zooplankton species recorded among macrophytic strands contributed higher biomass. Both these water bodies supported some species exclusive to each of them.

9 tables, 4 illus, 53 ref

023474   Vikas Kumar;Tyagi K;Bhatti J S (Entomol and Nematol Div, Indian Inst Hort Res, Hesarghatta, Salt Lake, Bangalore, Karnataka, Email: Vikasnirwal@yahoo.com) : Checklist of Terebrantia (Thysanoptera : Insecta) of Delhi. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2714-18.

Eighty-six named species of the suborder Terebrantia (Thysanoptera), in 51 genera and three families are listed along with their synonymies found in Delhi with many species still waiting description.The family-wise breakup being Aeolothripidae with three species in two genera, Stenurothripidae with a single species and Thripidae with 82 species in 48 genera. Eight species are being reported as new to Delhi.

23 ref

023473   Tripathi A K;Shivani (Zoology University Dep, Magadh Univ, Bodh-Gaya-824 234) : Energy of Antheraea mylitta D (Saturniidae: lepidoptera) after inclusion of protinex and glucose in food. Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 55-9.

Economic importance of Antheraea mylitta, D as a tasar producing insect is well known. Protinex and Glucose are thought to be very nutritious food. Therefore it was felt desirable to known whether or not the supplimentation of these nutritious foods to the natural food (mature prunned leaves of Terminalia arjuna trees) causes any addition to the calories. The present communication is a report on the calorific value (cals) in larva, pupa and moth of Antheraea mylitta, after utilizing the Protinex and glucose as food adjuncts.

1 table, 14 ref

023472   Tewari V;Upreti D K (Lichenology Lab, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226 001) : New record of lichen genus Hemithecium trevis (Graphidaceae) from India. Ann For 2007, 15(1), 145-7.

^ssc3 illus, ref

023471   Tak P C;Sati J P (Northern Regional Station, Zoological Survey of India, , Dehradun-248 195, Email: pctakzsi@gmail.com) : Status and distribution of birds in Shiwaliks of South-Western Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. Ann For 2007, 15(1), 106-36.

A total of 208 species of birds belonging to 132 genera and 48 families have been recorded from the Shiwaliks in South-Western Dehra Dun (Uttarakhand). Of these, Indian White-backed Vulture and Pallas's Fish-Eagle are globally threatened while Red-headed Vulture and Laggar are near-threatened species. fourteen species are listed under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act. One hundred and sixty nine species are common with the adjoining Rajaji National Park on the east and 93 species are common with adjoining the Asan Conservation Reserve on its northwest. However, 37 species are found to be exclusive to the study area. The northern (north facing) aspects of the study area, falling in Dehra Dun district, are covered with Sal dominated moist-deciduous forests support 162 species. The southern (south facing) aspects, falling in Saharanpur district, are covered with dry-deciduous mixed forests support 114 species. The highest number of species were recorded from Timli locality and its environs (119 species), followed by Karuwapani (103), Mohand (95), Badshahibag (60), Sabhawala (58), Shakumbri Devi (26).

16 ref

023470   Sureshan P M (Zoological Survey of India, Biological Station, , Hiltop, Gopalpur-on-Sea-761 002, Email: samanyu2003@yahoo.com) : Description of a new species of Odopoia Walker from India and record of two species of torymidae from Orissa (Hymenoptera : Chalcidoidea). Zoos Print J 2007, 22(8), 2787-9.

New species of Odopoia Walker, Torymidae (Chalcidoidea) is described and illustrated from Inida. Affinities of the new species with related species discussed. Two species of Torymidae are also reported for the first time form Orissa, India.

5 illus, 5 ref

023469   Sundararaj R;Sharma G;Karibasavaraja L R (Wood Biodegradation Div, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, 18th Cross Malleswaram, Bangalore-560 003, Email: rsundar@iwst.res.in) : A checklist of parasitic and predatory groups of insects in sandal (Santalum album Linn.) ecosystem. Ann For 2007, 15(1), 137-44.

A checklist of parasitic groups of insects associated with sandal (Santalum album) in India is given. It includes 61 species of parasitoids representing 14 families under 2 orders, which have so far been recorded. The details such as insect host, the place of record etc., for the parasitoids are also provided.

2 tables, 9 ref

023468   Sugumaran M P;Soundararajan R P;Lakshmanan V (Hort Res Station, Tamil Nadu Agric Univ, Yercaud-636 602, Email: hrsycd@tnau.ac.in) : Spider fauna in the horticultural crops of Yercaud hills. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2721-2.

^ssc 3 tables, 6 ref

023467   Sudheer K (Systematic Entomol Lab, Zool Dep, Univ of Calicut, Calicut-673 635) : Two new species and a new record of Skeatia Cameron (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae) from Kerala, India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2710-13.

Two new species of Slceatia Cameron are described from Kerala, India. A new record of S. doonense Jonathan and Gupta, is also reported from Wayanad, Kerala. The affinities of the new species with the close relatives are also discussed.

10 illus, 7 ref

023466   Sucheta;Khokhar K S (NO, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004) : Taxonomic study on the genus Blachia walker and the type- species (Pentatomidae: Asopinae). J ent Res 2006, 30(3), 267-71.

Taxonomic studies have been conducted on the genus Blachia Walker and the type- species B .ducalis Walker to redescribe both taxa in detail, supported with appropriate illustrations for their diagnosis based on the taxonomically important characteristic features. In addition, the data on the morphometries of the body tagmata and appendages of B. ducalis have been provided to differentiate between closely related species of other genera belonging to the subfamily Asopinae (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae). Besides, a new Indian locality of its distribution has also been added to the previous list for the first time.

1 table, 12 illus, 6 ref

023465   Srivastava R;Upadhyay K D;Agrawal N (Entomology Dep, Chandra Shekhar Azad Univ, Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur-208 002) : Phytotoxic effect of insecticides mixtures on chlorophyll content 'a' in chickpea leaves. J ent Res 2006, 30(3), 231-33.

Insecticide mixtures viz., Roket, colphos, Nimbicidine+Biolep, eucalyptus+lemon grass oil+neem oil and profenofos (organophosphate insecticide) generally used against Helicoverpa armigera significantly increased chlorophyll content 'a' in chickpea leaves while application of endosulfan+Biolep showed sharp decline in chlorophyll content 'a'. Endosulfan at 0.07% concentration with 0.5% Biolep proved more toxic to chlorophyll content 'a' than endosulfan at 0.05%.

1 table, 3 ref

023464   Srivastava A;Pawan Kumar;Sharma S (NO, CSK HPKV Shivalik Agricultural Research and Extension Centre, Kangra-176 001) : Identification of indian species of genus Labdia (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae). J ent Res 2006, 30(3), 277-79.

Genus Labdia is a mixed bag and does not represent a natural group and contain most of South-East Asian Cosmopterigids. Labdia genus contains about 160 described species thorough out the world. Two species i.e. L. molybdaula and L. echioglossa pertaining to this genus are reported from Himachal Pradesh (India) for the first time.

6 illus, 10 ref

023463   Soni S;Gupta U S (Zoology Dep, Dr. H. S. Gour Univ, Sagar-470 003) : Effect of mercuric chloride and influence of Edta on the physiology of reproduction in Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch.). Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 37-47.

Effect of sub lethal dose of mercuric chloride on the pituitary gland and gonads has been described in Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch.). Basophil I cells were disorganized, pyknotic nuclei and disintegration of nucleolus were observed in the treated fish. When the 60 days mercuric chloride treated fishes were further exposed for 30 days to 0.46 ppm EDTA alone, they exhibit remarkable recovery in the sense that the structure of Basophil I cells in practically similarty that of the initial control fish. It is concluded that the mercuric chloride directly effects the reproduction system.

9 illus, 19 ref

023462   Solanki G S;Awadhesh Kumar (Forest Ecology Dep, Biodiversity & Environmental Science Mizoram Univ, Aizawl-796 009, Email: gssolanki02@yahoo.co.in) : Aggressive behaviour in wild populations of capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) in India. Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 15-30.

Aggressive behaviour of capped langur (Trachypithecus pileatus) was studied in wild populations in Pakhui wildlife sanctuary in Arunachal Pradesh, India. The sanctuary receives an average annual rainfall 2545 mm, means annual maximum temperature is 28°C and minimum is 19°C, latitudinal variations range from 100 to 2040 m above sea level. Sanctuary is rich in biodiversity, semi-evergreen tropical forest dominates the vegetation. Identified two groups of langur, one male-multifemale (HP1) and two male-multifemale (HP2) and recorded observations for a period of one year. Aggressive encounters were divided into two groups : Intragroup encounter (IRGE) and Intergroup encounter (IGE). The encounters were classified into four major classes : threat and fight (TF), threat and chase (TC), threat and avoidance (TA), and surrender to threat (ST). Total 109 encounters were recorded that includes 74 IRGE and 35 IGE and time for the encounters was 15 hrs. Time taken during IGE was more but the numbers are less. Average encounter per day in IRGE was more (0.48) than IGE (0.23), HP2 group had more encounters than HP1. Average duration for an encounter was 6.4 min in IGRE and 2.9 in IGE. The maximum IGE were in November. An average time on threats and fight was more during IGE (13.5%) than IRGE (8%). Majority of male-male and male-female aggressions for mating while female-female were for feeding site and food resources.

5 tables, 4 illus, 76 ref

023461   Sinha P;Sinha R;Nath A (NO, A.N. College, Patna) : Haematological abnormalities in mice due to endosulfan exposure. Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 49-54.

Endosulfan, which belongs to the organochlorine group of insecticide, is widely used in agriculture. There are evidences that this pesticide enters our body through food chain and is reported to have very harmful effects in various organs of our body. Observations were made to study the haematological changes in adult female Swiss albino mice, Mus musculus, after exposure to Endosulfan for one, two and four cosecutive weeks. Blood samples were collected from control and treated specimen and analysed. The haematological studies revealed marked decrease in body weight and Hb% and increase in WBC count. There was significant increase in lymphocytes with a significant decrease in neutrophils upon higher duration of Endosulfan treatment. These marked changes may cause an adverse effect on the humoral and cell mediated immunity. Other haematological abnormalities may increase with the increase in duration of Endosulfan exposure.

7 ref

023460   Singh S K;Gupta B K (Zoology Dep, M.S.J. Govt. P.G. College, Bharatpur-321 001) : Parthenium ysterophorus linn. induced clinical manifestations in Rattus rattus. J phytol Res 2006, 19(2), 331-2.

Parthenium hysterophorus Linn. popularly known as congress grass is a wasteland weed of family Asteraceae. The Parthenium leaf extract was orally administered to Rattus rattus at 400 mg/kg. b.wt. for acute and 13.33 mg/kg b. wt. for each subchronic treatments by stomach tube feeding. The R. rattus were grouped into five sets for treated and one set for control having six individuals in each set The clinical manifestations, such as salivation, diarrhoea, itching, alopecia and appearance of dermatitic lesions, were observed throughout the experiment, which may be caused due to Parthenium leaf extract.

13 ref

023459   Singh R P;Sahay U (NO, Marwari College, Ranchi) : On the population dynamics of Procamallanus clarius Ali, 1956 in Clarias batrachus (L.). Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 65-72.

Procamallanus clarius is a nematode species, discovered by Ali in 1956. Its host is a common edible fish Clarias batrachus. These nematodes are found attached with the internal wall of stomach and robs the tissue and blood from the host. It is recognized by the presence of a pair of short, similar but unequal spicules. The males possess 14 pairs of costiform caudal papillae, of which 10 are preanal and 4 postanal. The first 3 pairs of postanals are arranged in a group. While the last pair lies isolated near the tip of the tail. The spicular ratio is 1:3 (right spicules 85 to 87 and the left is 29 to 39). These nematodes have been reported from Hyderabad. Though it has been synonymized with P. heteropneustus by Soota in 1983, yet no one has ever dealt or worked on its population dynamics. The authors here have tried to work on its incidence, intensity, density, relative density, index of infection and dominance percentage and the study is based on the collections made from March to next February. The data is presented in the tables (1-6). Nearly 29 males and 52 females of the hosts were found infected.

6 tables, 3 ref

023458   Singh P K;Gupta A K;Manish kumar;Vajpeyi A P; Sharma M K (Zoology Dep, School of Life Sciences, Khandari Campus, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Univ, Agra-282 002) : Changes in hepatic lipid profile after combined drug treatment of hydrochlorothiazide with amiloride in albino rat. J Ecophysiol occup Hlth 2006, 6(3-4), 119-21.

Diuretic drugs belong to a large group of agents, which induce biotransformation of many compounds in mammalian hepatocytes. The evaluation of the side effects of combined drug treatment such as hydrochlo-rothiazide with amiloride 100mg/kg body weight has been conducted on the hepatic lipid profile in albino rats for the treatment periods of 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. Hydrochlorothiazide with amiloride treated rats showed and increased levels of hepatic total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly (p<60>0.001). The levels of triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), however decreased significantly (p<60>0.001). These results suggested that combined drug treatment of hydrochlorothiazide with amiloride might alter hepatic function and affect metabolism of lipid and lipoproteins.

1 table, 16 ref

023457   Singh A K;Lakra W S (National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Canal ring Road, , P.O. Dilkusha Lucknow-226 002) : Alien fish species in India: impact and emerging scenario. J Ecophysiol occup Hlth 2006, 6(3-4), 165-74.

Over the last decade, the aquaculture entrepreneurs/farmers have been demanding importation of new fish strains and varieties in view of competition in the world market as well as in the domestic market. However environmental, socio-economic and biodiversity issues are important considerations for authorities to check and regulate importation of such alien fishes in India. Therefore, scientific studies on the impact of alien species on biodiversity and socio-economic aspects and their potential invasiveness (capacity to survive, propagate and establish in wild) are imperative. In India, there is paucity of data from the studies on the impact of alien fish species. The available information is scanty and scattered. Collected this scattered information and based on our field experience synthesized and presented these pooled information in this paper to review the impact of illegal and unregulated introductions in India. The historical perspectives and the impact of introduced fish species in India have been discussed. It is concluded that introduction of exotic fish species will require planning and research to determine optimal conditions for aquaculture under stringent guidelines.

5 tables, 34 ref

023456   Sharma G;Sundararaj R;Karibasvaraja L R (Wood Biodegradation Div, Institute of Wood Sci and Tech, 18th Cross, Malleswaram, Bangalore-560 003, Email: gaurav@pandit2@rediffmail.com ) : Species diversity of odonata in the selected provenances of sandal in Southern India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(7), 2765-7.

^ssc4 tables, 18 ref

023455   Sharma B K;Sharma S (Zool Dep, , North-Eastern Hill Univ, Email: bksharma@nehu.ac.in) : New records of two interesting chydorid cladocerans (Branchiopoda : Cladocera: Chydoridae) from floodplain lakes of Assam, India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(8), 2799-801.

^ssc12 illus, 10 ref

023454   Sharma A N;Soni K C (P.G. Zool Dep, Govt Lohia P. G. Coll, Churu-331 001, Email: kosibis@yahoo.com) : Influence of environmental factors on the breeding success of the grey shrike Lanius exacubitor in the arid zone of Rajasthan, India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2726.

^ssc8 ref

023453   Shah S;Patel S K (Life Sciences Dep, Bhavnagar Univ, Bhavnagar-364 002) : Morphopysiological study of male palp of some spiders. Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 31-6.

Sexual dimorphism is prominent among spiders. Males are distinguished by the presence of specific swollen paired structures called male palp. Male palp is an intromittent copulatory organ. The genital organs of spiders form the main character for determining the species. Males are found less in number so mainly females are described. 9 males viz. Argiope pulchella Thorell, Neoscona odites (Simon), Neoscona pavida (Simon) (Family: Araneidae); Eilica songadhensis Patel, S. (Family : Gnaphosidae); Lycosa tista Tikadar, Pardosa fletcheri (Gravely) (Family: Lycosidae); Salticus andamanensis Tikader (Family: Thomisidae) which are reported for the 1st time in India. The morphophysiology of the palpal structure of these spiders were studied.

1 illus, 16 ref

023452   Ruhela S;Pandey A K;Khare A K (Zoology Dep, Meerut College, Meerut-250 001) : Histopathological changes in intestine of Clarias batrachus induced by experimental Procammallanus infection. J Ecophysiol occup Hlth 2006, 6(3-4), 111-7.

Histopathological alterations in the intestine of Clarias batrachus infected with Procamallanus were recorded on day 15, 30, 45 and 60. The intestine of infected catfish showed pyknotic epithelial cells in mucosa, Vacuolization and separation in muscle layer and submucosa, ruptured serosa, strong inflammatory edema in villus process, and ruptured, shortened and blunted tips of villi as well as separation in muscle layer after 15 days post-infection. After 30 days post-infection, the infected intestine showed ruptured and Vacuolization in serosa, edema in longitudinal muscle layer and breakage, multiple fusion and blunted tips of villi. After 45 days, the changes observed were blunted and breakage in villus process, dilation of blood vessels, edema, separation of muscle layer from peritoneal epithelium, separation and blunted villi with large space, vacuolization in circular muscle layer and submucosa, separation of muscle layer from epithelium and strong inflammatory edema. After 60 days post-infection, these changes were more severe as evident by the shortened and truncated villi, strong inflammatory edema and Vacuolization in peritoneum layer.

13 illus, 34 ref

023451   Rizvi S A;Ahmad I;Azmi M A;Akhtar K (Zoology Dep, Karachi Univ, Karachi-75270) : Biodiversity and redescription of the scent less bug genus Liorhyssus stal (hemiptera: rhopalidae) with type species L. hyalinus (F.) from Pakistan and its cladistic relationships. Proc Natn Acad Sci India-Sect B 2006, 76(Pt3), 240-5.

Palaearctic scent less bug genus Liorhyssus Stal of the tribe Rhopalini Amyot and Serville with its type species L. hyalinus (F.) is for the first time redescribed from all the four provinces of Pakistan i.e., Sindh, Punjab, N.W.F.P., and Baluchistan and also from Northern areas with reference to its genitalia. Different variants (forms) of this species are compared and it appears that it represents a complex of species. In this light the cladistic relationships of Liorhyssus within its tribe Rhopalini is also briefly discussed.

2 tables, 1 illus, 20 ref

023450   Rana A (Zoology Dep, Magadh Mahila College, Patna) : Histopathological alterations induced by fertilizer urea on the liver of Anabas testudineus (Bloch). Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 121-7.

Effect of fertilizer urea on liver of a fresh water air breathing teleost, Anabas testudineus (Bloch) is aimed to find out the histopathological changes in the liver. The fishes treated with sublethal concentration of urea (400 ppm) for ten and twenty days showed -disintegration of hepatic cells, separation of the hepatic cells from the blood vessels and proliferation in the pancreatic tissues and a clear atrophy was seen in the nucleus of hepatic cells. So many broken hepatic cells were clearly marked.

7 illus, 11 ref

023449   Ramegowda G K;Patil R S;Guruprasad G S;Naik L K (Agricultural Entomology Dep, Agricultural Sciences Univ, Dharwad-580 005) : Biology of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) on mustard in laboratory. J ent Res 2006, 30(3), 241-43.

Biology of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera : Yponomcutidae) in the laboratory revealed that incubation period ranged between 3.00 to 5.25 days and larval stage consisted of four instars with 3.74, 5.13, 5.60 and 5.61 days duration respectively for I, II, III and IV instar. The total larval duration ranged from 27.00 to 32.75 days with a mean of 29.86 days. The pupal period lasted for 3.50 to 4.75 days with a mean of 4.27 days and adult longevity was 4.27 days. The total developmental period from egg to adult ranged from 27.00 to 32.75 days. The fecundity was 55.14 eggs and the number of eggs laid were more on the lower surface of leaves.

2 tables, 10 ref

023448   Praveen J;Nameer P O (NO, , 14/779(2), Ambadi, Kunnathurmedu P.O., Palakkad, Kerala-678 013, Email: paintedstork@gmail.com) : Checklist of birds of Nelliampathy hills, southern western ghats. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2695-701.

A bird study conducted at Nelliampathies, southern Western Ghats came up with a total checklist of 197 species with seven Red List and 13 Range Restricted species. A comprehensive checklist of 233 species, which includes observations from several previous studies, is provided. Range extension is reported in two subspecies, Grey-breasted Laughingthrush (Garru/ax jerdoni fairbankt) and Brown Rock Pipit (Anthus similis travancoriensis) found in the southern Western Ghats. Moreover, 16 species of birds that were recorded by A.P. Kinloch in late 1920s could not be located during the study. In comparison with earlier studies by A.P. Kinloch, there is a general down trend in birds occupying the under storey vegetation which is of great concern.

4 tables, 23 ref

023447   Pramod Kumar M P M;Hoseti B B;Poomesha H C; Raghavendra Gowda H T (Applied Zool Dep, Kuvempu Niversity, Shankaraghatta, Shimoga district-577 451) : Butterflies of the tiger-lion safari, Thyavrekoppa, Shimoga, Karnataka. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(8), 2805.

7 ref

023446   Poonam Kumari;Tiwari H N (Zoology Dep, Ranchi College, Ranchi-834 008, Email: pkumari1975@yahoo.com) : Age at menarche in Oraon girls of Palamu District. Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 83-6.

Menarcheal age was studied in Oraon girls of the Palamu district. The sample for the research consists of 262 Oraon girls in the age group of 9-24 years. Data were collected from schools and colleges by random sampling method. Analysis of the data revealed that the mean age at menarche in Oraon girls of this region was 13.20 ± 0.08. Majority of the girls felt bad at the time of menarche and they faced painful menstrual periods.

2 tables, 11 ref

023445   Poonam (Zoology Dep, Bokaro Steel City College, Hazaribag, Bokaro) : On a new species of the genus Lytocestus (caryophyllidea : lytocestidae) from Clarias batrachus. Proc Zool Soc India 2007, 6(1), 77-81.

New caryophyllid cestode belonging to the genus Lytocestus has been described from the intestine of Clarias batrachus at Bokaro & compared with the existing species. Due to possession of H shaped cortical Ovary with medullary isthmus in position and oblong undifferentiated scolex or hold fast with two white patch/or cut frill at the tip of scolex & with two longitudinal glandular channel it has been separated from all the known species.

2 illus, 13 ref

023444   Poinar G J R (Zoology Dep, Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR-97331) : Origins, acquisition and transmission of Leishmania in the distant past. Sci Cult 2007, 73(5-6), 116-19.

Theories on when, where and how sand flies first acquired leishmanial parasites and began transmitting them to vertebrates are discussed. New fossil evidence based on the discovery of trypanosomatids inside the gut of Early Cretaceous sand fly larvae is used as the basis of a new theory on how Leishmania was first acquired by sand flies. This theory proposes that free-living trypanosomatids ingested by sand fly larvae were carried through the pupal and into the adult stage and then were introduced into a vertebrate during blood feeding. The establishment of these trypanosomes in the vertebrate and their re-acquisition by adult sand flies resulted in the dixenous life cycle present today.

3 illus, 21 ref

023443   Perveen R;Ahmad I (Zoology Dep, Karachi Univ, Karachi-75270) : Homoeocerus dilatatus horvath (hemiptera : coreidae): a little known unique homoeocerine with a note on its erred association with Indian subregion and cladistic relationships. Proc Natn Acad Sci India-Sect B 2006, 76(Pt3), 246-50.

Little known squash bug Homoeocerus dilatatus Horvath is redescribed with special reference to its metathoracic scent auricles and male and female genitalia and in this light its cladistic relationships arc briefly discussed. A note is also given on its zoogeography and on its erred association with Indian subregion.

9 illus, 17 ref

023442   Pathania P C;Rose H S;Sood R;Katewa A (NO, Dolphin (PG) Coll of Life Sci, Chunni Kalan-140 307, Email: pathaniapc@yahoo.co.in) : Lecithocerid fauna (Microlepidoptera) from Siwaliks of Northwestern India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(7), 2745-51.

In a survey on Lsecithocerid moths from northwestern Siwaliks during November 1997 to November 2001, twenty-two species were collected and identified. Diagnosis, nomenclature aswpects and distribution are presented.

52 ref

023441   Pathak P;Srivastava D K;Srivastava A K (Fish Physiology and Toxicology Laboratory, S.M.M, Town P.G. College, Ballia-277 001) : Effects of an anionic detergent "nirma" on blood and tissue biochemistry of a freshwater catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch). J Ecophysiol occup Hlth 2006, 6(3-4), 105-110.

Acute toxicity bioassay test were performed with the detergent "Nirma" on a freshwater catfish ' H. fossilis to determine the 24, 48,72 and 96 h LC₅₀ values which was found to be 105.50, 35.25, 30.40 and 23.50 mg L^-1 respectively. The calculated harmless (safe) concentration of the detergent "Nirma " was 1.23 mgL^-1. The fish exposed to acute (4.70mgL^-1), subacute (2.35mgL^-1) and sublethal (1.50mgL.^-1) concentrations for acute (96h) and both short (15-30 days) and long (45-90 days) terms. The blood and tissue biochemical parameters like serum calcium, protein, cholesterol, chloride and glucose as well as liver and muscle glycogen were estimated. The fish showing decreased levels of serum calcium, protein and liver and muscle glycogen but blood cholesterol, chloride and glucose values of exposed fish increased at acute ( 4.70mg L^-1), subacute (2.30 mg L^-1 )and sublethal (1.56mgL^-1) concentrations for acute (96h) and short (15-30 days) terms. The subacute and sublethal concentrations of detergent have no effect on long (45-90 days) term on exposed fish.

3 tables, 44 ref

023440   Neelanarayanan P (Post Graduate and Res of Zool Dep, Nehru Memorial Coll (Autonomous), Puthanampatti, Tiruchirappalli District-621 007) : Diet of barn owl Tyto alba Stertens Hartert, 1929 in a portion of Cauvery delta, Tamil Nadu, India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(8), 2777-81.

Diet of Barn Owls was studied between February 1993 and January 1995. The analysis of 4.030 regurgitated pelletsyielded 6,157 prey items, of which the mean percentage of prey composition of Barn Owl comprising rodents were to the tune of 32.79 for Bandicota bengalensis. 29.40 for Millardia meltada, 3.90 for Mus booduga. 2.15 for Tatera indiea, 6.58 Rattus rattus and 6.99 for unidentified species. The Barn Owls consumed 352.18g of prey comprising six species of small mammals during this period. Among these, B. bengalnuis was 45.13% followed by M. meltada (32.84%). R. rattus 10.98%), Suncus murinus (6.43%). T. indica (3.73%) and M. booduga (0.89%). The observed mean prey items/pellet was 1.51 in the first year and 1.46 in the second year of study suggesting the fact that Barn Owls consume more than one prey/day. The results of the study indicate that the Barn Owls are potential hunters of rodent pests and are good controlling agents in crop fields and fallow lands.

4 tables, 38 ref

023439   Narendran T C;Santhosh S;Peter A;Jilcy M C; Anitha P V (Systematic Entomol Lab, Zool Dep, Univ of Calicut, Calicut-673 635, Email: drtcnarendran@yahoo.com) : Two new species of Zaischnopsis ashmead (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) from Southern India and a key to oriental species. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2706-09.

Genus Zaischnopsis Ashmead is represented in India by three species viz.%. Zauchnopsis biharensis (Narendran) including the two new species described in this paper, viz.%, Zauchnopsis keralensis Narendran sp. novo and Zauchnopsu bathericw Narendran sp. nov. Comparative accounts of the two new species and the diagnostic features of Z. biharensis (Narendran) are given. A key to the Oriental species of Zauchnopsu is also included.

13 illus, 12 ref

023438   Nameer P O;Osterberg P;Mahmud M S (Wildlife Sci Dep, Coll of Forestry, Kerala Agric Univ, Thrissur, Email: nameer.ommer@gmail.com) : Orange-bellied himalayan sauirrel Dremomys lokriah in Lawachara National Park, Bangladesh. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2732.

^ssc1 illus, 7 ref

023437   Mondal S K;Mukherjee S;Mukherjee T K (Zool Survey of India, Bidhannagar Coll, Kolkata, Email: mkherjee.tushar@gmail.com) : Addition to mantodea (Insecta) fauna of Arunachal Pradesh. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2719.

Previous records of a very poorly explored state of Arunachal Pradesh indicate the existence of only 12 genera and 16 species (not 20 species as mentioned in Mukherjee et al., 1995). Here two more species, namely, Creobroter apicalis and Tenodera fasciata, are added as new records from the state. . During this study, a total of 16 examples of mantids were brought from Arunachal Regional Station of Zoological Survey India to the headquarters in Kolkata.

3 ref

023436   Mishra D K;Bohidar K;Pandey A K (Zoology Dep, Deograh College, Deograh-768 119) : Responses of interrenal cells of freshwater teleost, Channa punctatus (bloch), exposed to sublethal concentrations of carbaryl and cartap. J Ecophysiol occup Hlth 2006, 6(3-4), 137-41.

In order to record the responses of interrenal cells to sublethal exposure (30% of LC₅₀ for 96 hours) of Carbaryl (5.20 mg l^-1) and Cartap (0.18mg l^-1), Channa punctatus were exposed for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours under static bioassay condition. Interrenal cells of both the treated groups responded initially (by 24 hours) with the loss of staining affinity and hypertrophy of the endocrine cells. At 48 hours of exposure to the pesticides, there were significant increase in the size of interrenal cells (hypertrophy) and increased vasularization. Hyper-plasia was noticed in the interrenal cells of both the treated groups at 72 hours. Though hyperplasia persisted by 96 hours, increased vascularization and marked Vacuolization as well as pyknotic nuclei were frequently observed in the interrenal cells of Carbaryl- as well as Cartap-treated fish.

10 illus, 30 ref

023435   Maqsood Javed S M;Waran A;Farida T (Word Wide Fund for Nature-India (WWF), , APSO, Hq. No. 818, Castle Hills, Road No.2, Near NMDC Vijayanagar Colony, Hyderabad-500 057, Email: Javedwwf2007@gmail.com) : On the occurrence of golden gecko Calodactylodes aureus (Beddome, 1870) in Papikonda hills, eastern ghats, Andhra Pradesh, India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(6), 2727-9.

^ssci illus, 1 table, 12 ref

023434   Kumarasamy D;Jeyasingh D (Botany (DDE) Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalai Nagar-608 002, Email: dr_kumarasamy@rediffmail.com) : Sahnioxylon (Sahni) Bose and Sah from the Sriperumbudur formation, Tamil Nadu, India. Phytomorphology 2007, 57(1-2), 5-12.

Till date, all the well-preserved petrified woods reported from the Sriperumbudur Formation near Chennai along the east coast of India are coniferalean. However, two well-preserved petrified wood pieces collected in 1995 from this formation possess scalariform pitting on the radial walls of the tracheids and are hence, assignable to the Bennettitales. They are assignable to the genus Sahnioxylon (Sahni) Bose and Sah and are here described as a new species: S. coromandelense sp. nov. The new species is compared with other species of the genus from India and abroad. This is the first detailed report of Sahnioxylon from India, outside the Rajmahal Formation.

1 table, 1 illus, 30 ref