013282   Jeyaseeli A;Delphine Rose M R;Sagaya Rani C; Narayanan M (PG & Research of Zoology Dep, Jayaraj Annapackiam College (Autonomus), Periyakulam-625 601) : Biomass and density effects on the haematological changes of freshwater fish, Cyrinus carpio. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 169-72.

Deals with the impact of size (A, B and C) and density (1, 2, 4, 8 and 16/aquarium) on the haematological parameters of the fish, Cyprinus carpio. After 21 days of feeding experiment the animals were sacrificed and subjected to various haematological analysis. One way analysis of variance showed significant differences (P<60>0.05) in most of the haematological parameters of C. carpio in response to size and density.

2 tables, 16 ref

013281   Gupta R K;Narendran T C (Entomology Div, Sher-e Kashmir Univ, Agricultural Sciences and Technology Jammu, FOA, Udheywalla, Jammu-180 002, Email: chapatark132@yahoo.com) : Field parasitism and biological characteristics of potent larval endoparasitiods of Spilosoma onbliqua Walker in Jammu & Kashmir, India. J biol Control 2007, 21(1), 43-52.

Three species of braconid parasitoids viz. (Glyptapanteles agamemnonis Wilkinson, Meteorus sp. and Cotesia ruficrus (Haliday) were recovered from the field collected larvae of Spihsoma obliqua Walker feeding on cultivated Vigna mungo and wild weeds, Xanthium strumarium and Parthenium hysterophorus during kharif 2002 and 2003 in jammu (J & K). Besides, the prevalence of one ichueunionid parasitoid Agthis sp. and viral disease (Nucleopolyhedrovirus) was also noticed. Meteorus sp. was considered as most promising parasitoid of this pest with a maximum parasitization of 77.0 per cent. Nevertheless, G. agameinnonsis is reported for the first time on S. obliqua in India. While, G agememnonsis was recovered from the larvae feeding on all the three hosts viz Vigna mungo, Parthenium hysteropliorus and Xanthium strumarium, Meteorus sp. was never recovered from P. hysteropliorus. However, both these parasitoid co-existed in nature and found together attacking 3-4th instar larvae from September to October (37- 43 SW) with a peak activity within a minimum temperature range of 14.0 to 18.0°C. The natural parasitism by these parasitoids did not reveal significant correlation with aboitic factors, but the relationship between their respective K-values and larval density fit into density dependent model K = ^aN. However, C. ruficrus and Agathis sp. were noticed in later season when the mean minimum temperature reached below 10°C. I he behaviour and developmental biology of all the three braconid parasitoids of S. obliqua is described.

3 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

013280   Dworkin I;Lee W;Mccloskey F;Larsen E (Zoology Dep, Toronto Univ, 25 Herbord St. Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3GS, Canada, Email: idworkin@msu.edu) : Complex genetic interaction govern the temporal effects of Antennapedia on antenna-to-leg transformations in Drosophila melanogaster. J Genet 2007, 86(2), 111-23.

The putative regulatory relationships between Antennapedia (Antp), spall major (salm) and homothorax (hth) are tested with regard to the sensitive period of antenna-to-leg transformations. Although Antp expression repressed hth as predicted, contrary to expectations, hth did not show increased repression at higher Antp doses, whereas salm. a gene downstream of hth, did show such a dose response. Loss of hth allowed antenna-to-leg transformations but the relative timing of proximal-distal transformations was reversed, relative to transformations induced by ectopic Antp. Finally, overexpression of Hth was only partially able to rescue transformations induced by ectopic Antp. These results indicate that there may be additional molecules involved in antenna/leg identity and that spatial, temporal and dosage relationships are more subtle than suspected and must be part of a robust understanding of molecular network behaviour involved in determining appendage identity in Drosophila melanogaster.

8 illus, 46 ref

013279   Dinakaran S;Anbalagan S (PG Zoology Dep, Centre for Research in Aquatic Entomology, The Madura College, Maduri-625 011) : Effect of riparian vegetation on the functional organization of stream communities in southren western ghats. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 25-31.

Habitat features and macroinvertebrate communities were surveyed in 12 streams of Karnataka, Western Ghats. A total of 33 morphospecies was collected from the 12 streams, with an average of 23 morphospecies per stream. Thodikana- richest site- yielded a total of 33 morphospecies but 16 in Bonal and Upper Krishna River were relatively species poor. Scrapers were most abundant at the unshaded sites while shredders were more numerous in standing stocks of detritus. Abundance of predators and filter feeders differed little between sites. Multiple regression models indicated that the abundance of shredders could be explaining the standing stocks of detritus. Predator abundance was related to the densities of potential prey. Results of a comparison of the functional organization of stream communities in Western Ghats with different riparian vegetation showed only weak agreement with the predictions of the River Continuum Concept.

5 tables, 22 ref

013278   Dhapate A S;Wagh S B;Gulbhile S D;Mule M B (Enviromental Science Dep, Dr. B.A. Marathawada Univ, Aurangabad-431 004) : Effect of endosulfan on protein contents of Nemacheilus botia. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 198-202.

Effects of pesticides on biochemical parameters are well illustrated from the recent research in the field of toxicology. The quantitative and qualitative aspects of biochemical characteristics are of special interest in the study of effects of pesticides on aquatic biota. Further, among the major biochemical components, proteins are of prime importance as they determine nutritive value of fish. Nemacheilus botia was exposed to three sub-lethal concentrations of endosulfan (1/5, 1/10 and 1/15th of 96 hrs LC₅₀ value) and the alterations in protein contents of muscle and kidney are investigated. The protein content was found to be decreased between 7 and 15 days and after 15 days there was an increase in the same from 30 to 45 days. The recorded increase in protein in the Last fortnight is significant when the fishes were exposed to 0.000416 ppm concentration of endosulfan. Detailed results and observations are summarized in the present paper.

ref

013277   Deepak P K;Kappor S;Sarkar U K;Qureshi T A (Krishi Vigyan Kendra Pakur, Birsa Agriculture Univ, Ranchi, PO; Maheshpur Block, Pakur, Pakur-816 106) : Length weight relationship and condition factor of endangered featherback Chitala chitala from different populations of north India. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 65-9.

Describes the length-weight relationship (LWR) and relative condition factor (Kn) of an endangered featherback, Chitala chitala from natural waters collected from different geographical locations from 400 specimens ranging from 320 to 1000 mm in total length (TL) and 750 to 20000 g in total weight (TW). Linear regression was used for the study and a trend line graph applied to compare condition factor in different geographical locations. Results of the present study show that the values were significant (P<60>0.05) with coefficient of determination value being < 0.99 in the length-weight relationship whereas there is no significant differences in condition factor between all the locations (P<60>0.05). The study will provide basic information on the L-W relationship and condition factor (Kn) would be useful for fishery biologist to impose adequate regulations for sustainable fishery management and conservation.

3 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

013276   Chanda T K;Som J;Bhattacharyya D (Cryobiology Div, Centre for Rural & Cryogenic Technologies Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata-700 032, Email: ddbhattacharyya@rediffmail.com) : Assessment of goat sperm viability after storage under non-cryogenic condition. Indian J Cryogenics 2006, 31(1-4), 127-8.

Storage of goat epididymal sperm cells on the total and forward motility was studied. Following storage under mineral oil at 5, 10, 20 and 3°C for seven days, the epididymal sperm was diluted in Tyrode's medium. The best storage condition for goat sperm was observed at 10°C, where 50 to 80% spermatozoa showed progressive motility on the 5th day. The viability of goat spermatozoa declined on the 3rd and 1st day at 20 and 37°C respectively.

1 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

013275   Bhumannavar B S;Ramani S;Rajeshwari S K (Project Directorate of Biological Control (ICAR) P.B.No.2491, , H.A. Farm Post, Bellary Road, Hebbal Bangalore-560 024) : Field release and impact of Cecidochares connexa (Macquart) (Diptera:Tephritidae) on Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson. J biol Control 2007, 21(1), 59-64.

Field release of the gall fly, Cecidochares connexa (Macquart) (Diptera: Tephritidae) introduced from Indonesia into India in 2002 was made on naturally growing C. odorata (L.) King and Robinson at two locations in Bangalore (during July-October, 2005 using different field release methods. Following establishment, the gall fly was observed to spread to a distance of one kilometer at GKVK and two kilometer at Talaguni village in northeastern direction by the end of second year after release. The gall numbers encountered by an individual in ten minutes, search steadily increased from 2.5 to 98.3 at GKVK and from 1.6 to 156 at Tataguni village. There was 11.61 and 16.72 per cent reduction in plant height, 30 and 60 days after oviposition in galled plants over control. There was significant reduction in number of branches per plant (35.62%), number of panicles per plant (45.43%!, number of capitula per panicle (12.07%) and number of seeds per bead (10.89%) in galled plants over control in individual oviposition method. In mass cage method, 40.84, 36.48 and 55.42 per cent reduction in plant height.30, 60 and 120 days after oviposition in galled plants over control was recorded. There was significant reduction in number of branches per plant (65.56%), number of panicles per plant (48.44%) and number of capitula per panicle (58.98%) in galled plants over control.

2 illus, 2 tables, 6 ref

013274   Bhagde R V (Zoology Dep, Padmashree Dr. D Y Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College, Akurdi, Pune-411 044) : Effect of seasonal changes in environmental parmeters on population density of Perna viridis. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 43-6.

Evironmental parameters have great importance for aquatic biota. In the present investigation, to study their effect on Perna viridis, key parameters like temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and salinity were measured during collection of mussels from Mandvi shore, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. The samples were collected in respective months of the seasons, viz. May (summer), August (monsoon), October (post monsoon and January (winter). The population density of the green mussel was also measured in various seasons. It was observed that, maximum density of the marketable sized mussels (60-65mm) was recorded in the month of August and minimum was recorded in the month of January.

1 table, 23 ref

013273   Bhagat V B;Meshram C B (Zoology Dep, Shri Shivaji College, Akot-444 101) : Zooplankton dynamics of Ambadi dam, near Akot, dist, Akola, Maharashtra. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 19-20.

Zooplankton diversity studies were carried out for a period of one year, from Jan-2005 to Feb-06. From the five stations of Ambadi dam, 67 species of zooplankton were recorded. Abundance of Zooplankton and their distribution at all the sampling station reveal that the dam water can be utilized for irrigation and fish culture. Population dynamics are investigated during the study period.

1 illus, 1 tables, 9 ref

013272   Bannoth R N;Reddy U;Pulkurthi ;Arsid Rajesh Kumar (Zoology Dep, P.G. College of Science Saifabad (OU), Hyderabad, A.P-500 04) : Behavioral trait of larvivorous fish exposed to municipal sewage water for mosquito control. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 213-16.

Since last few centauries the repeated efforts of various mosquito control measures especially chemical control forbidding the environment. Usage of larvivorous fish is another such tool for biological control of mosquitoes in different water bodies and acquired much popularity in the recent past, even fish is used in unnatural habitats like sewage water. Generally it is assumed that if a fish is shifted from its natural habitat to unnatural habitat it may under go certain amount of stress, which leads to their behavioral and physiological alterations. Once the fish is released in municipal sewage water its behavioral trait such as migratory or inhibited feeding activity endorses their efficiency in mosquito larval control.Study was carried out in Hyderabad municipal sewage water in contrast to their normal behavioral traits. Among the two fish species observed for their behavioral alterations in municipal sewage water, both of them are highly significant (P<62>0.001).

2 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

013271   Akhtar R;Jyoti M K;Sawhney N;Shafiq M; Rajinder Singh (Zoology Dep, Jammu Univ, Jammu (J & K)-180 006) : Population dynamics of cladocerans and copepods in Sarkoot pond, district Doda, Jammu & Kashmir. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 15-18.

Cladocerans and Copepods, the well recognized secondary consumers, form an important component of the zooplanktonic community which have adapted to diverse habitats. In the present study, 10 cladoceran species and 5 copepod species were recorded from the Sarkoot pond located at Kishtwar, in Doda district of Jammu and Kashmir state. The communication provides an insight into the population dynamics of Copepods and Cladocerans inhabiting the Sarkoot pond.

1 illus, 3 tables, 19 ref

013270   Aher S K;Mane U H;Pawar B A (Zoology Dep, New Arts. Commerce and Science College, Ahemadnagar-414 001) : Physicochemical parameters of Kagdipura swamp in relation to pisciculture, near Aurangabad, Maharashtra. J Aquatic Biol 2007, 22(1), 93-6.

Seasonal changes in water quality parameters (physico-chemical) of a rain fed Kagdipura swamp in Kagdipura village near Aurangabad were investigated to assess the suitability of this swamp for pisciculture. Several parameters such as rain fall, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total alkalinity, sulphate and phosphate have been studied for a period of one year beginning from September 2000. Various physico-chemical parameters determined reveals that the fluctuations in water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and sulphate, they were within the desirable limits. On the other hand, total alkalinity and phosphate was higher than the desirable limits for water used for fish culture. The high levels of these factors are due to the entry of sewage into the swamp. It is suggested that control of these high level parameters in the swamp conform to the levels suited for freshwater fish culture.

1 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

013269   Ahamad Ali S (NO, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, 75, Santhome High Road, RA Puram, Chennai-600 028, Email: ali_madras@yahoo.com) : Effect of dietary ingredient composition and protein level on growth and food conversion ratio in pearlspot (Etroplus suratensis) (Bloch). J Aquacult Trop 2006, 21(1-2), 21-8.

Five feeds (crude protein 27.3 - 32.8%, digestible energy 375±5 kcal/100g) were formulated using fish meal, groundnut cake, wheat bran, rice bran, fish oil, tapioca flour, vitamins and minerals to study the effect of ingredient composition on growth and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in pearlspot (Etroplus suratensis). The first feed had only plant ingredients and the rest of the four feeds had graded levels of fish meal, replacing groundnut cake at 10% intervals. The feeds, in moist form, were fed to juveniles of pearlspot having an average weight of 7.0 ± 0.5 g in a 40 day feeding trial. The growth of fish increased from 35.9 ± 2.4% to 97.3 ± 4.2% and the FCR improved from 9.3 ± 0.06 to 1.7 ± 0.22 as the fish meal was increased from 0 to 40% in the feed. The growth and FCR of fish fed with feed having only plant ingredients was poor, although there was no apparent difference in acceptability and consumption of this feed compared to the other feeds. Survival of fish ranged from 60 to 100%. Six isocal9'ric feeds were formulated with crude protein levels varying from 21.2% to 47.5% using a protein base with fish meal (75%), groundnut cake (13%) and wheat bran (12%) and other ingredients . In a 40 day feeding trial with pearlspot (average with 7.5 ± 1.0), the feed having 31.8% crude protein and 388.1 kcal/100g energy (protein-energy ratio-1g:12.2kcal) recorded the highest growth of 196.7 ± 2.3% and lowest FCR of 1.25 ± 0.22. The fish fed with this feed also showed maximum whole body crude protein. The survival of fish fed with lowest protein feed was 93% and it was 100% in all the other feeds. Feeding trials with dry and moist (40% water) forms of feed had shown that moist feed was accepted readily by fish and consumed quickly. The growth and FCR of fish fed with moist feed were superior compared to those fed with dry feed.

2 illus, 5 tables, 17 ref

013268   Abu-Rezq T S;James C M (Mariculture and Fisheries Dep, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 1638, 22017 Salmiya, Kuwait, Email: taburezq@mfd.kisr.edu.kw) : Beneficial effects of using commercial probiotics for producing rotifers for aquaculture. J Aquacult Trop 2006, 21(1-2), 1-11.

Commercially available probiotic 'Alken Clear-Flo 1006' (AFC-1006) was used in a rotifer production system to evaluate the beneficial effects of using such probiotics in rotifer cultures. The first set of experiments evaluated the growth of rotifers under different feed combinations using ACF-1006 alone; Chlorella alone; ACF-1006 with Chtorella; bakers' yeast with Chlorella; and also in a combination of Chlorella, bakers' yeast and ACF - 1006. In stagnant cultures without harvest, the rotifer culture density and culture duration was significantly high (P<60>0.01) when the probiotic was used in combination with bakers' yeast and Chlorella compared to other treatments. Using of probiotic alone was not conducive for rotifer production. The second set of experiments investigated the use of ACF- 1006 under continuous culture conditions with harvests. Under such conditions the using of ACF-1006 along with Chlorella and bakers' yeast extended the culture period to more than 27 days compared to that of the control without the probiotic that declined after day-13. The rotifer productivities were significantly high (P<60>0.001) and ranged between 9.7-14.7 rotifers ml^-1 d^-1 with a mean of 12.13±1.89 rotifers ml^-1 d^-1 in Chlorella, bakers' yeast and ACF-1006 in combination compared to that of without using the probiotic which gave production ranging between 3.3-12.0 rotifers ml^-1 d^-1 with a mean of 6.64±3.60 rotifers ml^-1 d^-1. The rotifer doubling time was significantly low (P<60>0.001) when using ACF-1006 and ranged between 0.27-0.50 d with a mean of 0.37+0.09 d compared to that of without the probiotic that ranged between 0.70-1.22 d with a mean of 0.92<60>F128><145>0.20 d. Significant increase (P<60>0.001) of the ciliate Euplotes vannus was observed in the cultures with the probiotic compared to that without the probiotic. Advantages of using probiotic in rotifer production systems for aquaculture have been discussed.

4 illus, 3 tables, 32 ref

012366   Srini Asulu B;Srinivasulu C (Wildife Biol Sect, Zool Dep, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: bharisrini@gmail.com) : Diet of short-eared owl Asio Flammeus (Pontopiddan, 1763) winterning in rollapadu wildlife sanctuary and its vicinity in Andhra Pradesh, India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(9), 2829-31.

Pellets of Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus wintering in the grasslands of Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary and its vicinity in Andhra Pradesh, India were analysed. Birds constituted the major prey followed by mammals and invertebrates both in terms of percentage of occurrence (82%) and biomass consumed (87%), indicating that the species is an opportunistic feeder, taking prey in proportion to their availability. A total of IS species contributed to the diet, 276 prey individuals totaling 4,522g in biomass were found.

1 table, 30 ref

012365   Sharma B K (Zool Dep, North-Eastern Hill Univ, Shillong, Meghalaya-793 022, Email: dksharma@nehu.ac.in) : Notes on rare and interesting rotifers (Rotifera : Eurotatoria) from loktak lake, Manipur - a ramsar site. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(9), 2816-20.

Eleven interesting species of Phylum Rotifera, belonging to seven families and seven genera, are documented from Loktak lake (a Ramsar site), Manipur, northeastern India. One species is a new record from the Oriental region, six species are new records from India, three species are new records from northeastern India and one species represents a new record from Manipur. The reported species are briefly diagn~sed and illustrated, and remarks are made on their distribution.

19 illus, 20 ref

012364   Padhye A D;Paingankar M;Dahanukar N;Pande S (Zool Dep, Abasaheb Garware Coll, Kave Road, Pune, Maharashtra-411 004, Email: adpadhye@yahoo.co.uk) : Season and landscape element wise changes in the community structure of avifauna of Tamhini, Northern wastern ghats, India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(9), 2807-15.

Biological resources of the Western Ghats are under threat due to deforestation and other anthropogenic activities. As monitoring and mapping the biodiversity is the first step in the systematic conservation planning, this study takes the initial step of documenting avifaunal diversity and distribution along the seasonal gradient and across five landscape elements. Bird community was montored in Tamhini, northern Western Ghats, across six seasons and five landscape elements using line transect method for two years. The data were analysed for a and b diversity. Maximum a diversity was reported in early winter, spring and summer. Disturbed areas with human interference showed maximum diversity. Season wise analysis revealed high b diversity, while in landscape element wise it was comparatively less. Analysis suggests that the avifauna of Tamhini shows highly dynamic population changes, which could be attributed to north-south migration, local migration, breeding seasons, vegetation changes, food availability and availability of water. Findings in the seasonal and landscape wise distribution of avifauna are important with respect to monitoring animal diversity and defining conservation strategies in the northern Western Ghats.

7 illus, 4 tables, 21 ref

012363   Kaleka A S (Zool Dep, Punjabi Univ, Patiala, Punjab-147 002, Email: amritpalkaleka@indiatimes.com) : Taxonomic studies on genus spilarctia butler (Arctiinae : Arctiidae : lepidoptera) from India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(9), 2824-8.

Morphological characters of the external genitalia of eight Indian species of genus Spilarctia Butler have been studied and illustrated. The paper gives the distribution of these species. A key to the Indian species of this genus is also given.

24 illus, 12 ref

012362   Kailash Chandra;Uniyal V P (Zoological Survey of India, Central Regional Station, , 168/169, Scheme No. 5 Vijal Nagar, Jabalpur-248 001) : On a collection of pleurostict scarabaeidae (Coleoptera) from the great Himalayan National Park, Himachal Pradesh, India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(9), 2821-3.

Incorporates faunistic record of a small collection of Scarabaeidae comprising three species of Melolonthinae, two species of Rutelinae, three species of Dynastinae, and one species of Cetoniinae from Great Himalyan National Park under Forestry Research Education and Extention (E.R.E.E.) Project.

1 illus, 11 ref

012361   Hosagoudar V B;Ravikumar K;Archana G R (Microbiol Div, Tropical Botanic Garden and Res Inst, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-695 562, Email: vbhosagoudar@rediffmail.com) : Two new fungi from Mukurthi National Park, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(9), 2832-3.

Acount of two new species is given. Of these, Prillieuxina aquifoliacearum differs from P: ilicicola in having smaller ascospores and Questieriella rhamni differs from Schiffnerula rhamnicola in having only anamorphic state. Both these fungi are described and illustrated in detail.

2 illus, 4 ref

012360   Cyril Rufus K;Sabarinathan S P (Salim Ali Centre for Omithology and Natural History, , Anaikatty, P.O. Coimbatore-641 108) : Checklist of butterflies of thengumarahada in the Nilgiris, southern India. Zoos Print J 2007, 22(9), 2837-8.

^ssc7 ref

012359   Chakraborty S B;Adity Sarbajna;Mazumdar D; Banerjee S (Zoology Dep, Serampore College, Serampore, Hooghly, West Bengal) : Effects of differentional dose and duration of 17-Methyltestosterone treatment on sex reversal of Nile tilapia, Oreochromics niloticus at different age groups under Indian perspective. Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol envir Sci 2007, 9(3), 705-10.

Two sets of experiments are conducted to determine the relationship between the dose, duration and initiating age of fish for 17 -methyltestosterone treatments to produce all male population in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus under the ecological and socioeconomic condition of India. Fishes of 3 days and 12 days of age are subjected to various doses of hormone like 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg of dry pelleted food for differential time period of 15 days, 30 days, 45 days and 60 days under the same culture conditions. It is found that 12 days old fish show a lower percentage of males than that in 3 days old fish, even after treatment with the same dose and duration regime. Again, the lowest dose or duration of hormone treatment cannot produce sufficient proportion of males while the highest dose or duration regime is not advocated under the socioeconomic condition of India. Thus, it may be concluded that a treatment regime of 10 mg/kg hormone for 30 days with 3 days old fish can be the critical criteria to induce commercially feasible sex reversal for producing all male population in Nile tilapia.

2 illus, 2 tables, 22 ref

012358   Abdullah M;Eryani Al Y ;Naik P R (Zoology Dep, Endocrinology Laboratory, Univ of Mysore, Mysore-570 006, ) : Antidiabetic activity of stem extracts of Tinospora cordifolia on streptozotocir induced diabetic wistar rat. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2007, 4(2), 603-8.

Therapeutic efficacy of stem extracts of Tinospora cordifolia on diabetes induced animal model Wistar rat was evaluated Experimental animals were grouped in to control (I), control with T. cordifolia stem extract (II) control diabetic (III) and Diabetic group with T. cordifolia stem extract treated with 100 mg/kg body weight for 35 day (IV). Blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, HDL and blood urea were measured at the beginning and termination of experiments. Blood glucose and other parameters were elevated in diabetic group. Elevated levels were significantly reduced in alleviating the diabetic condition after treatment with stem extract of T. cordifolia.

1 illus, 2 tables, 34 ref

011192   Sundraraj R;Dubey A K (Wood Biodegration Div, Insitute of Wood Science and Technology, 18th Cross, Malleswaram, Bangalore-560 003) : Identification of Indian species of whitefly genus Dialeuropora Quaintance and baker hemiptera aleyrodiadae and their host plants. Indian J For 2007, 30(2), 185-8.

Three species of the Whitefly genus Dialeuropora Quaintance & Baker viz., D. decempuncla (Quaintance & Baker), D. heptapora Regu & David and D. pterolobiae David & Subramanium are known to occur in India. Studies on the host plants indicated that. D. decempuncla infests 34 plant species of which 16 are new host records, D. heptapora infests only Hiptage sp.. while D. pterolobiae on 9 host plants of which eight are new host records.

3 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

011191   Murugesan S (NO, Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Forest Campus, R S Puram, Coimbatore-641 002) : Methods in mass production of some selected herbivorous insect through modified artificial diets. Indian J For 2007, 30(2), 171-4.

The present information depicts a systematic procedure adapted in the Entomological Laboratory of IFGTB for mass production of some Teak insect pests through modified artificial diets. The purpose is, the selection of the initial diet and its subsequent changes in the ingredients to obtain optimal growth, development and reproductive efficiency of experimental insects for bioassay studies and other biological control programs.

1 table, 5 ref

011190   Manickam V S;Murugan C;Jothi G J;Sundaresan V (Centre for Biodiversity of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College, Palayamkottai-627 002) : Memecylon courtallense - a new species (Melastomataceae) from courtallum hills of Tamil Nadu, India. Indian J For 2007, 30(1), 77-80.

New species of Memecylon courtallense (Melastomataceae), collected from the Courtallum Hills of Tamil Nadu, India is described and illustrated.

1 illus, 1 table, 23 ref

011189   Malhi C S;Amandeep Kaur (Zoology and Fisheries Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004) : Evaluating potential of artificial(wooden)nest boxes as alternate nesting for managing bird poplution. Indian J For 2007, 30(2), 191-8.

Artificial (Wooden) nest boxes were successfully adopted by Spotted Owlet (Athene brama) and Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) which accomplished egg laying in 9.80 and 74.50% boxes, out of total 51 boxes, installed at eight different sites at one location. Egg laying by Common Myna was accomplished repeatedly for second and third time in 23.53 and 3.92% nest boxes respectively after successfully raising the previous brood(s). Breeding success of 35.71 and 77.86% was achieved in Spotted Owlet and Common Myna. None of the birds adopted and accomplished breeding in 33 boxes installed at two different sites, 15 and 18 boxes at each site, at another location owing to the dominance of Barn Owl, Tyto alba and Tree mouse, Vandeleuria oleracea dumeticola at the respective sites. Timing and site of installation served as contributing factors while predation and parasitism acted as limiting factors in nest box breeding. Higher breeding performance of Common Myna was recorded in artificial nest boxes than in natural cavity nesting.

2 illus, 7 table, 10 ref

010262   Tripathi R;Tewari K J;Shukla S;Sharma U D (Zoology Dep, Prawn Research Centre, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007) : Sex related acute toxicity and behavioral alterations in fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium dayanum (Crustacea: Decapoda) exposed to cadmium chloride. Aquacult 2007, 8(2), 251-6.

Static bioassay tests were conducted to determine the LC50 values for the male and female fresh water prawns, Macrobrachium dayanum. The LC50 values of Cadmium chloride for 24, 48, 72 & 96h were 0.24, 0.19, 0.17, and 0.15mg/l for males and 0.24, 0.22, 0.17, and 0.16 mg/1 for females respectively. The animals showed prominent behavioural alterations like erratic movement, reduced swimming, loss of body balance, aggressiveness, profuse mucous secretion and blackening in gill, abdominal region and in the telson region. Hyperactivity, aggressiveness and blackening were more prominent in males while general body softening, enhanced mucous secretion and letharginess were prominent behavioural alterations in females.

2 tables, ref

010261   Thirumala S;Kiran B R;Puttaiah E T;Kumara V; Harish Babu K (Environmental Science Dep, Kuvempu Univ, Jnana Sahyadri, Shankaraghatta-577 451) : Zooplankton diversity and its relationship with physico-chemical parameters in Ayyanakere lake of western ghats, India. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2007, 27(2), 203-7.

Studies on relationship between zooplankton abundance and water quality parameters in Ayyanakere lake were made between January 2004 and December 2004. In the current investigation, Impact of different physico-chemical parameters on zooplankton population was found. Ten genera of zooplankton were identified. The relationship between zooplankton and water quality parameters was varied from place to place depending upon the condition of the lake water.

6 tables, 6 ref

010260   Suryawanshi R B;Kalse A T;Naidu T S V (Zoology Dep, G.E.T's art & Science College, Nagaon-424 005) : On a new species of Stilesia Railliet, 1893 (cestoda : thysanosomidae, Fuhrmann, 1907) from Capra hircus. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2007, 27(3), 365-8.

Deals with a new species of Stilesia Railliet, 1893 from goat (Capra hircus) at Dhule. It is differentiated from all known species of the genus in the shape of scolex circular, neck long, narrow, with no segmentation, mature segments wider than long, testes 10-12 in number(5+5 or 6+6 on each side) in each segment, cirrus pouch marginal, oval, small, cirrus thin, vas deferens coiled, ovary globular, near posterior margin, genital pores bilateral, vagina posterior to cirrus pouch, uterus first bilobed later replaced by two par uterine organs.

1 illus, 15 ref

010259   Subharani S;Singh T K (Entomology Research Lab., Life Science Dep, Manipur Univ, Canchipur-795 003) : Influence of abiotic factors on the population dynamics of Cydia ptychora meyrick (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) in pigeonpea under agro-climatic conditions of Manipur. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2007, 27(2), 227-31.

Studies were carried out for two consecutive years on the impact of various abiotic factors on the population build up of Cydia plychora Meyr. It was found that damage commenced in the flowering-stage of the crop with 2.23 % and 2.60 % in the last week of November in both the years. The peak infestation of the pest 12.69 % in the first year was recorded during last week of December whereas it was recorded two weeks later i.e during second week of January with 10.73% infestation in the second year. The infestation then gradually decreased and continued up to third week of February in the first year (3.20%) whereas the pest was found infesting the crop only up to second week of February (3.54%). Correlation studies showed that mean temperature, total rainfall and wind speed had negative association whereas relative humidity and sunshine had positive association with the pest population in both the years.

2 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

010258   Singh R P;Sahay U (Zoology Dep, Marwari College, Ranchi-834 001) : Population dynamics of Lytocestus longicollis (Rama Devi, 1973) in Clarias batrachus (L.) in Chotanagpur. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2007, 27(2), 239-46.

Population dynamics of Lytocesius longicollis (Rama Devi, 1973) has been worked out. The higher incidence, intensity, density, index of infection and dominance percentage during summer months in fishes (Glorias bairachus) have been discussed thoroughly in the light of recent researches. Plausible reasons have also been given.

3 illus, 24 ref

010257   Singh C P (Zoology Dep, Govt. (PG) College, Narayan Nagar (Didihat)-261 551) : Mass rearing of Anopheles culicifacies. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2007, 27(2), 267-9.

Investigation reveals laboratory study on mass rearing of Anopheles culicifacies. It was revealed that stocking of 400 male and 1200 female pupae on alternate days provide maximum eggs on sustained basis using cycling colony. It was also observed that maximum of 18000 larvae can rear in plastic tray.

1 table, 7 ref

010256   Shibu S;Josy S (Zoology PG & Research Dep, Sree Narayana College, Kollam-691 001) : Effect of iron supplemented diet on the growth of the. Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2007, 27(3), 357-60.

The fry of Cirrhinus mrigala were fed with fish meal based prepared diet supplemented with graded levels of ferric chloride 0,200,400 and 600 mg /kg of diet for a period of 40 days. A concentration of 200 mg ferric chloride per kg of feed is found optimum for growth enhancement in C.mrigala, while higher concentration of this mineral exhibited retarded growth as compared to control diet. The anabolic role of Fe<^>+++ in C.mrigala is discussed.