002742   Kabushiki Kaisha T an T (NO, , 972-1 Aza-Sakashita, Oazakosenba, Kawagoe-Shi, Saitama Prefecture, Japan) : Switch structure. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002741   John Francis Urch (NO, , ) : Counter flow type heat exchanger. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002740   Ipcor NV (NO, , Maduro Plaza Dokweg 19, Curacao Netherlands Antilles) : Method of disposing fine materials to form a mixture suitable for environmental rehabilitation. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002739   Industries Ilpea S.P.A. (NO, , ) : Polymeric composition for the preparation of gaskets for refrigerators and freezers. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002738   Hard Suits, Inc (NO, , 1225 East Keith Road, North Vancouver, V71J 1J3, Canada) : Articulating pressure conduit. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002737   Great Lakes Chemical Corporation (NO, , 500 East 96th Street, Suite 500, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240, USA) : Ophthalmic lens and a process for producing the same. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002736   Fujitsu General Ltd (NO, , 1116, Suenaga, Takatsu-Ku, Kawasaki-Shi, Kanagawa-Ken, Japan) : Air conditioner with improved mounding structure of the louvers for air outlet. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002735   Foseco International Ltd (NO, , 285 Long Acre, Nechells Birmingham, B7 5JR, England) : Tundish impact pad. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002734   Eaton Corporation (NO, , 1111 Superior Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44114-2584, USA) : Improved pin-type synchronizer clutch device. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002733   Draiswerke Gmbh (NO, , Speckweg 43-51, D-68305 Mannheim Federal Republic of Germany) : Agitator mill for the treatment of free flosing grinding stock. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002732   Discovision Associates (NO, , 2355 Main Street, Suite 200, Irvine, California 92714) : Apparatus for optical reading or recording information on an optical disc. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002731   De La rue Glori S.A. (NO, , 4, rue de la Paix, 1003 Lausanne, Switzerland) : Method for generating a security design. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002730   Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (NO, , Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110 001) : Apparatus useful for the preparation of uniform films of a viscous fluid. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002729   Central Electronics Ltd (NO, , 4, Industrial Area, Sahibabad-201 010) : Transmitter for use in a multiplexer system for railway signalling system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002728   Bracco Research S A (NO, , 7, Route de Drize, 1227 Carouge, Switzerland) : System for ultrasonic imaging of organs and tissue. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002727   Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (NO, , BHEL House, Siri Fort, New Delhi-110 049) : Bi-directional driverless guided vehicle. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002726   Barmag Ag (NO, , Leverkuser Strasse 65, 42897 Remscheid, Germany) : Heating device for heating an advancing synthetic filament. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002725   Allied Signal Europe Services Techniques (NO, , 126, rue de Stalingrad, 93700 Drancy, France) : Automatic adjustment strut for a drum brake. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002724   Allied Signal Europe Services Techniques (NO, , 126 Rue De Stalingrad, 93700 Drancy, France) : Pneumatic booster with reduced load and reduced hysteresis. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002723   ABB Schweizholding AG (NO, , Brown Boveri Strasse 6, 5400 Baden, Switzerland) : Converter circuit arrangement. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002722    (NO, , 40, Rue Franklin, 78100 Saint German En Laye, France) : Pump for the delivery of a fluid contained in an elastic phial. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

002721   Vivek S;Chidambaram M (Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036) : Cascade controller tuning by relay auto tune method. J Indian Inst Sci 2004, 84(3-4), 89-97.

Extends the method of Srinivasan and Chidambaram (An improved auto tune identification method, Proc. Int. Conf. on Digital Modeling & Simulation (DAMS-2003), Jan 6-8, Coimbatore, India (2003)) to analyze conventional on-off relay oscillations for a single loop feedback controller to relay tuning of cascade controllers. Using the ultimate gain and ultimate crossover frequency of the two loops, the inner loop (PI) and outer loop (PID) controllers are designed by Ziegles-Nichols tuning method. The performance of the controllers is compared with the results on conventional relay analysis. The improved method of analyzing biased auto tune method proposed for single feedback controller by Srinivasan and Chidambaram (Modified rely feedback method for improved system identification, comp. Chem. Engng, 27, 727-732 (2003)) is also extended to relay auto tune of cascade controllers. The proposed methods give an improved performance over that to the conventional on-off relay tune method.

^ssc6 illus, 4 tables, 9 ref

002720   Venkatathri N;Srivatsava R (Catalysis Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008) : Silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve SAPO-41: synthesis, characterization and alkylation of toluene with alcohol. J Indian Inst Sci 2004, 84(3-4), 99-105.

A silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve SAPO-41 has been synthesized and characterized by XRD, ²⁷AI, ³¹P, ²⁹Si MASNMR, FT-IR spectroscopy, TG/DTA, scanning electron microscopy and chemical analysis. Catatytic activity of these materials in the alkylation of toluene with alcohol has been studies. SEM reveals the morphology (spherical) and particle size (10μm) of the sample. Hydroxyl region infrared reveals the presence of peaks at 3625, 3670 and 3730 cm^-1, which are due to the presence of silanol. P-OH and Si-OH groups. ²⁷AI and ³¹P MASNMR results show the presence of tetrahedrally aluminium and phosphorous atoms. However, ²⁹Si MANSMR shows peaks at -92, -95, -100 and -107 ppm due to silicon surrounded by four AIO₄ tetrahedra and to slicon surrounded by 3AIO₄ and IAO₄ respectively. In the case of toluene. In the case of toluene, alkylation with alcohol para isomer is predominant over the ortho and metaisomers.

^ssc6 illus, 19 ref

002719   Vaish R K;Thosar V;Kumar G M (A P Cement works, L&T Ltd, Tadipatri) : Usage of computers and information technology in large mechanised mines for scientific & safe mining. Indian Min Engng J 2003, 42(3), 30-1.

002718   Tyagi M;Acharya S (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louistana State University, Baton Rouge LA 70803) : Large eddy simulations of jets in crossflow: II effect of freestream turbulence length scales. J Energy Heat Mass Transfer 2003, 25(2), 95-116.

Large eddy simulations of a jet in crossflow are performed to study the effect of energy containing large scales present in the freestream on the penetration and spreading of the coolant jet. Two specific frastream length scale conditions at 15 turbulence intensity lever are examined. The first condition corresponds to small scale Gaussian turbulence and can be viewed to be similar to grid generated turbulence. In the second case, the freestream is characterized by the von Karman spectrum and has its peak energy specified in the small wave number range (large scales). The physical configuration considered consists of a row of jets that are injected vertically from square holes into the main cossflow. The jet to crossflow blowing ratio is 0.5 and the jet Reynolds number is approximately 4,700. Greater jet penetration and jet-mainstream mixing in both the vertical and lateral directions, are observed for large-scale freestream turbulence. The contributions of turbulent shear stress from various quadrants are distinctly larger for the large scale case in the vicinity of the jet injection in the nearfield of the jet, the large scales play a major role in enhancing the turbulent stresses, and the near wall transport. In the presence of the large scales, the horseshoe vortex is enregized, and there is greater crossflow entrainment into the wake region. These large scale effects lead to significantly greater wall friction. The regions of negative production of normal stresses and the anisotropy of the eddy viscosity tensor estimated from the resolved nubulent stresses and the strain rate indicate the inadequacy of the isotropic eddy viscosity approximation.

11 illus, 1 table, 38 ref

002717   Thangaiah I S S;Radhakrishnan R;Sundharam V N (Mech Engg dep, Anna Univ, Chennai) : Integrated energy management system to monitor conservation measures in process industries. Process Pl Engng 2003, 21(1), 33-4.

The energy management plays a major role in view of te technological changes and financial stringency. The amount of energy saving is certainly a measure of the working efficiency of the plant and increase in profit. With the growing demand for energy worldwide and with the fast depletion of energy sources, it becomes imperative that energy audit management should be carried out, consolidated and followed the measures effectively. The study is carried out in a manufacturing unit of a process industries in detail the various sources where energy conservation is profitable and usage of information technology by implementing and integrated Energy Management System to monitor the energy consumption is an advantage.

1 illus, 3 ref

002716   Thangadurai G R S;Chandran B S S (Defence Res & Development Lab, , Hyderabad-500 058) : Numerical investigation of the intake flow characteristics for a ramjet engine with and without heat addition in the combustion chamber. Def Sci J 2004, 54(1), 3-16.

The flow field in the supersonic mixed compression axisymmetric as well as two-dimensional intake have been investigated numerically. The flow characteristics, such as pressure, temperature, and velocity have been obtained. An enlarged chamber with a supersonic convergent-divergent nozzle has been integrated at the air intake exit to simulate the ramjet engine. Suitable heat addition at the inner surface of the wall has enabled the simulation of combustion chamber condition. The well-known modes of operation of the ramjet engine air intake have been predicted by the mathematical simulations. A comparative study for supercritical, critical, and subcritical conditions has been presented. The predicted flow features including shock locations and the static pressure distributions along the cowl, as well as the centre body are in agreement with the available experimental results in the published literature. The effect of thermal input in the combustion chamber on the flow characteristics of the air intake has been studied in detail. The characteristic curve of generic supersonic air intake can be obtained through these numerical studies.

27 illus, 11 ref

002715   Srivastava H O (All India Radio, , Akashvani Bhawan, Parliament Street, New Delhi-110 001) : Direct-to-home (DTH) Radio: technology and prospects. IETE Tech Rev 2003, 20(1), 57-61.

Direct-To-Home (DTH) radio is the nickname given to Direct Broadcast Satellite Service (DSS) for Radio. The technology provides CD quality broadcasts in the footprint of the satellite. This paper describes the technical detail of DTH Radio service launched by All India Radio and the prospects of the service.

2 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

002714   Srinivas V;Ramanjaneyulu K;Sukhesh K K;Sasmat S;Gopalakrishnan S (Structural Engineering Research Centre, CSIR Campus, , Taramani, Chennai-600 113) : Automated grillage analysis of continuous span I- and T- girder bridges. J Struct Engng 2004, 31(2), 101-10.

Over the years, different methods of analysis of bridge superstructures have been evolved and are being used. When considering the complete field of slab, pseudo-slab and slab-on-girder deeks, girder method of analysis seem to be completely universal with the exception of methods such as finite element, finite difference and finite strip. The grillage analogy method can be applied to the bridge decks having complicated features, and has proved to be reliably accurate for a wide variety of bridge decks. Formulations for automated analysis of continuous span I and T- girder bridge decks using grillage analogy have been presented. A computer program has been developed based on the formulations for automated analysis of continuous span I- and T- girder bridge decks of uniform and non-unform cross-sections using grallage analogy. The program is capable of modelling the bridge deck as equivalent grillage, calculates member properties and distributes the dead load, live load and moving loads as equivalent nodal loads. Different types of IRC loading were incorporated in the program and the program can also take the user defined loading. To demonstrate the efficacy of the method, analyses have been carried out for diferent types of ridges including non-uniform girder bridges. The results are in good agreement with those obtained using finite element analysis.

20 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

002713   Sinha S (Central Water & Power Res Station, , Pune-411 024) : Seismic applications of energy dampers. Def Sci J 2004, 54(1), 73-83.

^ssc14 illus, 2 tables, 4 ref

002712   Sinha J;Manivanan R;Kanetkar C N;Ish M;Ghosh L K (Central Water and Power Research Station,, , Khadakwasla R S Pune 411 024) : Hydrodynamic simulation of deep reservoir by 3-d model. ISH J Hydraul Engng 2004, 10(2), 14-22.

In this paper, the hydrodynamic behaviour of a reservoir being constructed at the confluence of rivers Bhagirathi and Bhilangana in Garhwat Himalayan region is investigated using 3D mathematical modelling technique. The terrain in this region is rugged and steep and produces and produces fast runoff. A three-dimensional mathematical model study, using MIKE 3, is caried out for one year due to inflow from rivers Bhagirathi and Bhilangana and outflow due to release through power. The model results indicated that the reservoir completes the cycle of replenishment of storage every year and there was no possibility of stagnation of water in the reservior. The study also revelated that maximum induced velocity due to cirulation was of the order of 0.1 m/sec and time taken for Bhagirathi water to reach the location of the outlet varied between 17 to 100 days during monsoon and pre-monsoon periods respectively.

8 illus, 3 ref

002711   Singh R V K;Sural G;Pandey J;Mohalik N K; Barnwal R P;Singh V K (Mine Fire Section, Central Mining Res Inst, Dhanbad-826 001) : Early detection of occurrences of spontaneous heating in blasting gallery method - a case study. J Mines Metals Fuels 2004, 52(5-6), 95-101.

Exploitation of coal seams from underground mines has become a major challence to Indian coal mining industries. The problem of spontaneous heating in blasting gallery (BG) panels during extraction is a major threat to safety and productivity in SCCL mines. Most of the BG panels have been sealed due to the occurrences of spontaneous heating during extraction of the panel. After sealing of the panel, it is much difficult to re-open the panel. In this context, CMRI in consultation with SCCL carried out an S&T project entitled "Study for early detection of the occurrences of spontaneous heating in blasting gallery method and to evaluate a suitable measures to prevent and control spontaneous heating in thick coal seam" under the funding from the Ministry of Coal, Government of India. The purpose of this paper is to describe the detailed study carried out at VK No. 7 incline mine, Kothagudem for early detection of spontaneous heating in blasting gallery method and implementation of suitable techniques after detection of spontaneous heating to control.

^ccr10 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

002710   Singh R;Sinha S N (National Metallurgical Lab, National Inst of Tech, Jamshedpur-831 017) : Beneficiation of high ash indian coal problems and prospects. Indian Min Engng J 2003, 42(7), 32-5.

India has got 192 billion tonnes of coal reserves but majority are of high ash. Due to intimate mixing of ash forming minerals with coal seams, beneficiation of such coal results in poor separation efficiency. This paper deals with the available resources of coal, their characteristics and problems associated with beneficiation of high ash Indian coals. The present coal cleaning practices is discussed with a reference to studies carried out at NML. The different emerging coal beneficiation technologies are discussed. The need of development and adoption of suitable technology and modification of the existing washeries are emphasized.

1 illus, 5 tables, 6 ref

002709   Singh R P;Ray S K;Sahay N (Central Mining Res Inst, , Dhanbad-826 001) : Modelstudy on dynamics of open fire in underground coal mines under varied air flow. J Mines Metals Fuels 2004, 52(5-6), 102-8.

The model is 19 m long having two segments. The first one in 10 m long insulated rectangular segment having cross section of 45 cm x 57 cm. Insulation lining of fire bricks leaves space of 13 cm x 13 cm for air flow through the model. The second segment is 9m long, 30 cm diameter, circular section having a centrifugal exhaust fan installed at its end. Two sets of experiments were carried out in the model at air velocities 1.0 m/s and 1.5 m/s using coal blocks of 5 cm thickness lined in all four inner sides of the model. The coal lining was made for a length of 3 m starting from 1 m of the model entry. After establishing the desire air flow inside the model, fire was initiated artificially at the begining of the coal zone. Governing parameters such as gas concentration, temperature, pressure drop across fire zone, air velocity and dust concentration inside the model were continuously monitored for about 8 to 9 hours.

9 illus, 3 tables, 5 ref

002708   Singh I V (Mechanical Engineering Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031 Rajasthan) : Numerical solution of heat transfer in extended surfaces using meshless EFG method. J Energy Heat Mass Transfer 2003, 25(2), 135-55.

Compulational technique, known as meshless element free Galerkin (EFG) method has been used to solve on and two-dimenslonal problems of extended surface. The EFG method utilizes the moving least squrare, (MLS) approximants to appraximate the unknown function of temperature T(x) with T^h(x). These approximants are constructed by using a weight function, a monomial basis and a set non-constant cofficients. The essential boundary conditions are enforced using Lagrange multiplier method. Variational method is used to obtain the discrete equations. One-dimensional and two-dimensional formulations have been given for the heat transfer problems of extended surfaces. MATLAB codes have been developed to obtain the meshless numercal results using different EFG weight functions for one and two-dimensional problems. Two new weight functions namely rational and exponential have been proposed. The EFG results are results are obtained by using proposed (Rational and Exponential) and existing (Gaussian, Qurticspline) EFG weight functions. The effect of scaling parameter on EFG results has also discussed. The scaling parameter (d_max) gives quite acceptable results in the range of 1(d_max)1.5. The effectiveness of EFG method has been obtatined by comparing the EFG results with those obtained by finite element and analytical methods.

6 illuse, 10 tables, 25 ref

002707   Shukla M;Choubey U B (Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Shri G S Institute of Technology and Science, Indore) : Stress-strain behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete under cyclic compressive loading. J Struct Engng 2004, 31(2), 119-24.

An experimental program was carried out to investigate the behaviour of steel fibre reinforced concrete under cyclic compressive loading. Test on cylindrical specimens, contalning steel fibres in different proportions Le. 1 percent and 2 percent by volume of concrete, have been conducted to establish the stress-strain envelope curve, common point curve and stability curve. An analytical expression is established to represent these curves. It was also observed that the permissible stress level on the plastic strain present in the material.

13 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

002706   Senyur M G;Kemal Cengiz A (Mining Engng Dep, Hacettepe Univ, 06532 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey) : Auger mining of thin seams at Zonguldak collier/Turkey. J Mines Metals Fuels 2003, 51(11-12), 356-9.

The tonnage of potential coal in the thin seams that will be left in Zonguldak collier reaches huge amounts. In this study, the extraction of some of this potential reserve suitable to surface augering is proven to the safe and economic. The method consists of opening and filling the circular rooms following the true dips. Two types of auger machines, one single head and the other, double head are considered for two separate sites in colliery. Truck haulage for recovered coal is considered. The theoretical calculation of coal recovery by adjacent holes overlapping or having webs is established. This technique has low recovery but looks rather economical. Moreover, it permits a very small amount of subsidence when applied with a lower rate of extraction. On these bases the author concludes that auger mining will be a good solution for the partial extraction of thin seams of carboniferous coal in Zonguldak colliery.

6 illus, 7 ref

002705   Senthilnathan T;Rajan R D (Velammal Engneering College, Department of Physics, Red Hills Road, Chennai-600 066) : Status of suspended particulate matter concentration in Chennai city during the year 2000. Indian J envir Prot 2002, 22(12), 1383-5.

A study was carried out to assess the suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentration present in the ambient air in Chennai city during the year 2000. Major industrial parks, like Manali, Ambattur and Guindy are situated around the city, The study was conducted at 5 sampling stations acrose the city. The monthly average of SPM concentration was found to lie above National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) values.

^ccr7 tables, 4 ref

002704   Saxena S C;Kumar V;Giri V K (Electrical Engng Dep, Indian Inst of Tech, Roorkee-247 667) : ECG data compression using EBP-NN. IETE Tech Rev 2003, 20(6), 583-604.

This paper deals with an efficient algorithm, which has been developed for Electrocardiogram (ECG) data compression using error back propagation neural networks (EBP-NN). four EBP-NN have been trained to retrieved all the 12 standard leads of the ECG signal. The combination of leads and the network topologies have been finalized after an extensive study of correlation between the ECG leads using CSE database. Each network has a topology of N-4-4-N, where N represents the number of samples in one cycle in any particular lead. It has been observed that this method compresses the data as well as improves the quality of retrieved signal due to elimination of high frequency noise. The compression ratio (CR) in EBP-NN method goes on increasing with the increase in the number of ECG cycles. This method is best suited for data compression in Holter monitoring, ambulatory care and telemedicine. The performance of the algorithm has been evaluated by comparing the vital reference points like onsets, offsets, amplitudes, durations and the extracted features of diagnostic significance like amplitudes, durations and ventricular activation time (VAT) of various wave segments of the original and the reconstructed ECG signals. The use of wavelet transform has been made for the QRS detection, which sets the reference for the extraction of reference points and the diagnostic parameters from the ECG signal. The test results at each stage are consistent and reliable. The test results and performance indices have proved beyond doubt that the EBP-NN method is very efficient for the data compression and help in the management of ECG data in both offiline and real-time applications.

10 illus, 7 table, 26 ref

002703   Sahy N;Verma N K;Narayan A;Mondal S (Central Mining Res Inst, , Dhanbad-826 001) : Determination of air permeability of coal pillars in underground coalmines. J Mines Metals Fuels 2004, 52(5-6), 90-4.

Occurrence of spontaneous heating in coal pillars is one of the most feared hazards in underground coal mines. It may turn into serious conflagration and pollute the entire atmosphere in the mine in a very short time. To prevent/control such fire, knowledge of air permeability of particular pillar will be useful. Methodology for measurement of air permeability of coal pillars have been developed. In this paper definition of air permeability, its unit and methodology for its measurement have been briefly discussed.

7 illus, 1 table, 3 ref

002702   Roy P P;Ghose A K (Blasting Dep, Central Mining Res Inst, Barwa Road, Dhanbad-826 001) : Rock excavation without explosives - the global scenario. J Mines Metals Fuels 2003, 51(11-12), 364-9.

Different non-explosive methods of rock excavation are scientifically summarized in the context of environment friendly controlled blasting activities in sensitive and fragile areas. All such methods may not either be feasible or cost effective at a particular site when considering deeper aspects of technology implementation, manpower, productivity and cost-effectiveness. However, in a non-conducive working atmosphere under repeated threats of the closure of operations, the management can give a second thought in a particular patch-work, using non-explosive methods of excavation. Under such circumstances, the present paper may help the reader for a better assessment.

1 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

002701   Roa A R (Associate Professor, Departmemt of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012) : Incipient motion of hypothetical stream beds-part 1: critcal velocity approach. ISH J Hydraul Engng 2004, 10(2), 83-93.

Incipient motion of spheres, of diferent sizes and densities, over riding on a bed of closely packed spheres is experimentally investigated, based on the critcal velocity criterion. The significance of inter-particle geometry of over-riding shperes and bed spheres on the incipient motion of over-riding spheres is explicitly brought out in this study. The resuls are generalized by showing their validity with the data of others. The second part of the paper deals with critical shear approach.

3 illus, 2 tables

002700   Roa A R (Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012) : Incipient motion of hypothetical stream beds-part 2: critical shear approach. ISH J Hydraul Engng 2004, 10(2), 94-105.

Critical shear criterion in followed to sumarize the hydrodynamic conditions leading to incipient motion of spheres, of different sizes and densities, over-riding on a bed of closely packed spheres. A relationship governing the incipient motion conditions, based on critical shear stress criterion is developed, correlating the various physical properties of water and over-riding spheres, relative sizes as well as the inter-particle geometry of over-riding spheres and bed spheres. The results are generalized by showing their validity with others data of over-riding spheres on sphere-beds as well as on sand roughened beds. Results have indicated that conventional shields' curve is not applicable because of protrusion height of the over-riding spheres over and above or below the general bed level, and an equation for Shields' parameter valid for over-riding spheres is presented.

3 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

002699   Res J;Podsiadlo A;Pluta J;Sapinski B (Univ of Mining and Metallurgy in Krakow, Poland, , ) : Adaptive control system of heads for rock mining machinery. J Mines Metals Fuels 2003, 51(11-12), 321-6.

The paper presents a simplified model of multiple tool heads for rock mining. The model was utilised to investigate the possible applications of automatic control systems for those tools. The only conclusion so far is that adaptive control of tool heads ensures their satisfactory operation.

11 illus, 9 ref

002698   Rejola V;Singh S K;Kannan G K (Defence Reseorc and Development Organisation, Centre for Environment and Explosive Safety, Metcalf House, Delhi 110 054) : Status of air quality in Delhi based on air quality index criteria for revision of existing standards. Indian J envir Prot 2002, 22(12), 1401-7.

^ccr1 illus, 7 tables, 5 ref

002697   Rao N H;Brownee S M;Sarma P B S (National Academy of Agric Res Management, , Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030) : GIS-based decision support system for real time water demand estimation in canal irrigation systems. Curr Sci 2004, 87(5), 628-36.

In canal irigation systems in India, water supplies reach the fields through a network of main canals, branch canals (secondary canals) and distributaries (tertiary cannals). The distributary is the basic unit of irrigation management in large canal systems, as it is the last point of control in main irrigation systems operation. this study presents a scheme for the development of a Geographic Information Systems (GIS)-based decision support system (DSS) for real time water demand estimation in distributaries. The DSS dynamically links a field irrigation demand prediction model for the area irrigated by the distributary with a GIS of the canal network. The system allows interactive selection of distributaries and on-line real time estimation of water demands in each distributary over the entire network. The real time estimates, the model is used with current season information on weather, weather forecasts and distributary level information on crops and soils. Since the distributary in the unit of operation, the DSS integrates well with the actual process of decision-making by the operators of canal irrigation systems in India. The availability of such a quantitative decision-support tool for irrigation systems operation can have a powerful impact on the overall water management strategy to be adopted in an irrigation project area, particularly in the event of the shortfall in water supplies. The development of the overall scheme and procedures is illustrated with data from a case study area in India.

2 illus, 2 tables, 29 ref

002696   Rao G V (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sreenidhi Institute of Science & Technology, Yamnampet, Ghatkesar, Hyderabad-501 301) : Evaluation of first transition foundation stiffness for simply supported beams on pasternak foundation. J Struct Engng 2004, 31(2), 139-42.

1 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

002695   Ramachandran R (Information Tech Dep, Sri Venkateswara Coll of Engng, Sriperumbudur-602 105) : Optimizing satellite broadcast scheduling problem using mean field annealing theory and hopfield model neural network. IETE Tech Rev 2003, 20(6), 553-9.

A discussion has been carried out on the features of neural networks and the applications of Hopfied model neural network in solving the combinatorial optimization problems. satellite broadcast scheduling problem has been considered, for example. A new method has been presented for optimizing the satellite broadcast schedules based on the Hopfield neural model in combination with the mean field annealing theory.

2 illus, 6 ref

002694   Rajasekaran S;Amalraj R (Civil Engineering Dep, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore) : Simulated annealing technique to determine optimal mix for high performance concrete. J Struct Engng 2004, 31(2), 149-53.

2 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

002693   Rajak K K;Sahay N;Dey N C (CMRI, B.E.College, D.U.) : Study on propensity of coal towards spontaneous heating. Indian Min Engng J 2004, 43(8-9), 34-7.

The propensity of the coal towards spontaneous heating is most needed parameters for strategic planning of coal extraction. Various researchers have defined the propensity of coal and derived methods for its determination. The authors have derived an analytical model based on intrinsic factors of coal like fix carbon, volatile matter, moisture content, ash content and crossing point temperature. Under the study an attempts have also been made to correlate these factors with the liability index of coal. This may be a tool for the categorizing the coal in respect of susceptibility of coal towards spontaneous heating.

7 illus 3 tables, 12 ref