ISA

Soil labile organic carbon fractions; microbial community composition and soil organic carbon stocks as affected by conservation tillage and high fertilizer practices input in sub-tropical ecosystems: A review

TYAGI S, RANA S, MAHAJAN N C, TYAGI S, NARESH R K

002415 TYAGI S, RANA S, MAHAJAN N C, TYAGI S, NARESH R K (Chaudhary Charan Singh Univ, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh) : Soil labile organic carbon fractions; microbial community composition and soil organic carbon stocks as affected by conservation tillage and high fertilizer practices input in sub-tropical ecosystems: A review. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 1179-86.

To improve C sequestration in soils and mitigate climate change, it is essential to understand how nutrient management strategies impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and labile fractions. Compared to conventional tillage, conservation tillage (no-tillage coupled with straw return) increased water-stable large macro-aggregates (>2 mm) by 35.18 %, small macro-aggregates (2–0.25 mm) by 33.52 % and micro-aggregates by 25.10 % in the topsoil (0–20 cm). The subsoil (20–40 cm) also showed the same trend. Compared to conventional tillage without straw return, large and, small macro-aggregates and micro-aggregates in conservation tillage were increased by 24.52 %, 28.48 % and 18.12 %, respectively. Straw return also caused a significant increase in aggregate-associated carbon (aggregateassociated C). No-tillage coupled with straw return had more total aggregate-associated C within all the aggregate fractions in the topsoil. But the different is that conventional tillage with straw return resulted in more aggregate-associated C than conservation tillage in the subsoil. A considerable proportion of the SOC was found to be stocked in the small macro-aggregates under both topsoil (74.56 %) and subsoil (67.09 %). Tillage systems can changes in soil organic carbon dynamics and soil microbial biomass by changing aggregate formation and C distribution within the aggregate. Wheat straw ditch-buried returning (WD) had significantly higher total organic carbon than did wheat straw returning with ploughing (WP) and no straw returning (CK) in wheat season. Soil dissolved organic carbon and easily oxidizable carbon contents were significantly increased by 21.3 %, 24.3 %, 38.6 %, and 43.5 % under wheat straw returning with rotary tillage (WR) than that under CK in rice and wheat seasons, respectively. Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) content was highest under WP in rice season, but in wheat season, WR had significantly higher MBC than WP and WD. The content of SOC in WSA_ma increased on average in the following order: T < G < G+NPK1 < G+NPK3 < T+FYM. Intensive soil cultivation in the T treatment resulted in a statistically significant build-up of SOC in WSA_ma at an average rate of 1.33, 1.18, 0.97, 1.22 and 0.76 g/kg/y across the size fractions > 5 mm, 5‒3 mm, 2‒1 mm, 1‒0.5 mm and 0.5‒0.25 mm, respectively. The content of non-labile carbon reflected the contents of SOC in WSA. The highest labile carbon (CL) in WSA_ma, as compared to others, was found in T+FYM. Overall, application of higher NPK doses resulted in higher content of CL in WSA_ma compared with the lower applications of NPK. On the other hand, lower applications of NPK to soil increased the content of CL in WSA_mi, as compared to G+NPK3. However, higher SOC content of 8.14 gkg^-1of soil was found in reduced tilled residue retained plots followed by 10.34 g kg-1 in furrow irrigated raised beds with residue retained plots. Whereas, the lowest level of SOC content of 5.49 gkg^-1of soil were found in puddled transplanted rice followed by wheat planted under conventionally tilled plots. Average SOC concentration of the control treatment was 0.54 %, which increased to 0.65 % in the RDF treatment and 0.82 % in the RDF+FYM treatment. Compared to F1control treatment the RDF+FYM treatment sequestered 0.33 Mg C ha^-1yr^-1 whereas the NPK treatment sequestered 0.16 Mg Cha^-1yr^-1 . Long term conservation tillage significantly increased 66.1 %, 57.9 %, 50.9 %,38.3 %,37.3 % and 32 % LFOC, SOC, PON, TN, LFON, DOC and POC, over conventional tillage (T7) treatment and WSC 39.6 % in surface soil and 37.4 % in subsurface soil. Under RWCS, TOC contents were similar in 50 % RDN as CF+50 % RDN as GM/SPM (F6) and1/3rdN as CF+1/3rdN as FYM+1/3rdN as GM/SPM (F7) and 75 % RDN as CF+25% RDN as FYM (F3) plots and significantly higher than those in control (no manure and fertilizer) (F1) plots (by 50.4 % 48.3 %, and 43.3 % respectively).

50 ref

Minimal soil disturbance and residue retention increasing soil organic stocks and soil microbial biomass in Typic Ustochrept soil: A review

TYAGI S, TYAGI S, MAHAJAN N C, KUMAR R, SHARMA P, NARESH R K

002416 TYAGI S, TYAGI S, MAHAJAN N C, KUMAR R, SHARMA P, NARESH R K (Chaudhary Charan Singh Univ, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh) : Minimal soil disturbance and residue retention increasing soil organic stocks and soil microbial biomass in Typic Ustochrept soil: A review. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 1172-8.

Soil organic carbon (SOC) and its fractions (labile and non-labile) including particulate organic carbon (POC) and its components [coarse POC and fine POC], light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), readily oxidizable organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are important for sustainability of any agricultural production system as they govern most of the soil properties, and hence soil quality and health. Being a food source for soil microorganisms, they also affect microbial activity. Tillage regimes that contribute to greater aggregation also improved soil microbial activity. Soil OC and MBC were at their highest levels for 1.0–2.0 mm aggregates, suggesting a higher biological activity at this aggregate size for the ecosystem. Compared with CT treatments, NT treatments increased MBC by11.2 %, 11.5 %, and 20 %, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration by 15.5 % 29.5 %, and 14.1 % of bulk soil, >0.25 mm aggregate, and <0.25 mm aggregate in the 0−5 cm soil layer, respectively. The portion of 0.25–2 mm aggregates, mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates from ST and NT treatments were larger than from CT at both 0–15- and 15–30-cm soil depths. Positive significant correlations were observed between SOC, labile organic C fractions, MWD, GMD, and macro-aggregate (0.25–2 mm) C within the upper 15 cm. Moreover, NT treatments significantly increased SOC concentration of bulk soil, >0.25 aggregate, and 0.25 mm aggregate (11.3 %), and <0.25 mm aggregate (14.1 %) than NS treatments. Compared with CT treatments, NT treatments increased MBC by 11.2 %, 11.5 %, and 20 %, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration by 15.5 %, 29.5 %, and 14.1 % of bulk soil, >0.25 mm aggregate, and <0.25 mm aggregate in the 0−5 cm soil layer, respectively. Compared with NS treatments, S treatments significantly increased MBC by 29.8 %, 30.2 %, and 24.1 %, and DOC concentration by 23.2 %, 25.0 %, and 37.5 % of bulk soil,>0.25 mm aggregate, and <0.25 mm aggregate in the 0−5 cm soil layer, respectively. In conclusion, soil organic carbon fractions (SOC), and microbial biomasses in the macro-aggregates are more sensitive to conservation tillage (CT) than in the micro-aggregates. Soil aggregation regulates the distributions of SOC and microbial parameters in Typic Ustochrept soil.

6 illus, 1 table, 37 ref

Influence of NPK fertilizers on yield and uptake of barnyard millet grain (Echinochloa frumentacea (Roxb.) Link) in Typic Rhodulstalf soil

VIMALAN B, THIYAGESHWARI S, BALAKRISHNAN K, RATHINASAMY A, KUMUTHA K

Studies on in-vitro efficacy of chemicals against major fungi associated with post-harvest rot of tomato

BHALERAO J B, CHAVAN R A, DHARBALE B B, SWAMI C S, KARDILE P B, KENDRE A H

Effect of integrated nutrient sources on fruit quality of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) under mid hill conditions of Himachal Pradesh

KUMAR A, SHARMA D D, SHARMA D P, SHYLLA B, SHARMA S

Study of heat susceptibility indices for yield and its attributes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

PARASHAR N, GOTHWAL D K, SINGH G

Growth performance and variability studies in different half SIB families of Melia dubia under greenhouse condition

YADAV D, SAHOO G, WANI A M

Effects of neem coated urea on yield, P and K uptake in transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) and soil chemical properties

MEENA A K, SINGH D K, PANDEY P C, NANDA G

Seed priming an improvement for late sown wheat: A review

PATRA B

Assessment of genetic variation and divergence in black gram’s genotypes on climatic condition of Madhya Pradesh

PANWAR N K, SWARUP I, GOUR L, JAIN M

002356 PANWAR N K, SWARUP I, GOUR L, JAIN M (RVSKVV, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh) : Assessment of genetic variation and divergence in black gram’s genotypes on climatic condition of Madhya Pradesh. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 986-91.

Total forty six genotypes of black gram were studied at College of Agriculture, Indore (M.P.). Wide differences found between PCV and GCV in respect of yield and yield attributing traits. Based on the estimates of genetic divergence through Mahalanobis’ D² – statistic, total forty six genotypes of black gram were grown at College of Agriculture, Indore (M.P.) and grouped into 12 different clusters. Highest intra-cluster distance of 2.148 was observed for cluster I which comprises of five genotypes. Cluster II which contained one genotype, had lowest intra-cluster distance. The maximum inter-cluster distance of 9.900 was recorded between cluster V and cluster II. A cross between these two inter-cluster’s genotypes is expected to give a heterotic hybrid and wide spectrum of variability. The lowest inter-cluster distance of 2.333 was recorded between cluster IX and VIII. Highest intra-cluster distance & lowest inter-cluster distance indicates that the genotypes of these clusters were genetically less diverse and were almost with same genetic makeup or follows more or less same evolutionary phases during development. The cluster I (KU7-522, KU7-619, KU7-626, KU7-608 and IVU-486) had lowest mean value for earliness flower initiation, 50 % flowering and maturity could be used to develop short duration black gram varieties; cluster III (KU7-632, KU8-611, KU8-612 and KU8-532) for dwarf plant type; cluster X (KU3-62, JU-840 and TPU-4) for tall plant type; cluster II (KU8-632) and cluster IV (KU7-320 and KU8-278) for more number of primary branches per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of pods per plant, biological yield per plant and seed yield per plant; cluster VI (RBU-466-D, KU8-476, JU-86, TYPE-9 and IVU-466-D) for seed weight that may be used as bold seeds. To improve any particular trait, donor may be selected from these clusters for hybridization program to evolve high yielding strains.

5 tables, 32 ref

Integrated weed management practices in guava nursery

KOUR A, GUPTA N, BRAR S K

002320 KOUR A, GUPTA N, BRAR S K (Punjab Agricultural Univ, Bathinda, Punjab) : Integrated weed management practices in guava nursery. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 982-5.

Weed management is a major bottleneck in guava nurseries as the weeds hinder the healthy seedling production. No doubt the herbicide is easy and handy tool for weed management but the excessive use of herbicides have well documented environmental issues. Thus alternate weed management practices are the need of hour for better management of weeds in fruit nurseries. Study was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University, Regional Research Station, Bathinda during 2016 and 2017, to assess the efficacy of different weed management methods on weed control and growth of guava seedlings in nursery. The treatments were Pendemethlin@1.5 l/acre as pre emergence weedicide, paddy straw mulch, black polythene mulch, white polythene mulch, maintenance of weed free seedling through hand weeding. Plots with no weed control practices were kept as control so as to compare the efficacy of different treatments. The results revealed a significant effect of different treatments on grassy as well as broad-leaf weeds in the nursery. Black polythene mulch effectively controlled the weeds and improved seedling survival percentage (95.15 %) compared to control recording minimum survival of seedlings (80.7 %).White polythene was poor performer (83.1 %) as compared to other treatments due to the heavy weed growth under the mulch and low durability of these sheets resulting in tearing of polythene sheets. Pendemethlin as a pre emergence weedicide @1.5 l/ acre was also effective in reducing the weed incidence but resurgence of weeds resulted in significantly higher weed biomass compared to other treatments. Use of black polythene mulch resulted in low weed density (1.1 m² ) compared to other treatments. The black polythene sheet mulch proved to be effective tool for management of weeds in guava nursery.

2 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

Effect of N, P and K nano-fertilizers in comparison to humic and fulvic acid on yield and economics of red delicious (Malus x domestica Borukh.)

KHAN O A, SOFI J A, KIRMANI N A, HASSAN G I, BHAT S A, CHESTI M H, AHMAD S M

002318 KHAN O A, SOFI J A, KIRMANI N A, HASSAN G I, BHAT S A, CHESTI M H, AHMAD S M (Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Div, SKUAST-K, Wadura, Sopore, Jammu and Kashmir) : Effect of N, P and K nano-fertilizers in comparison to humic and fulvic acid on yield and economics of red delicious (Malus x domestica Borukh.). J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 978-81.

A field experiment was carried out on comparative basis in Apple orchards of village Kanelwan of District Anantnag, during the year 2017 and 2018. The two orchards selected were managed on two contrasting aspects of cultivation. The conventional orchard was cultivated on the basis of recommendation from Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, however, the organic orchard was managed totally on organic basis of cultivation. The conventional orchard of apple was treated with Nitrogen (100 ppm, 200 ppm and 300 pmm), Phosphorous (30 ppm, 40, ppm and 50 ppm) and Potassium (100 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm) nano- fertilizers, while the organic apple orchard was treated with Humic acid (0.05 %, 0.10 % and 0.15 %) and Fulvic acid (1.5 %, 2.5 % and 3.5 %). The experiment was conducted in Randomized Completely Blocked Design replicated thrice. The foliar application of N, P and K nano fertilizers and Humic and Fulvic acid was done at two stages to meet the fertilizer requirements, one just before the pink bud stage and the other just before the pea size stage of apple. The maximum yield was recorded under conventional orchard was recorded in N application @ 300 ppm in both the years (28.15 and 29.89 tons/ha respectively), furthermore, under organic apple cultivation application of Humic acid @ 0.15 % recorded highest yield (19.96 and 20.97 tons/ha respectively). The economic assessment of the experiment revealed that application of P nano fertilizer @ 50 ppm resulted in highest net B:C ratio of 6.31 and application of humic acid @ 0.15 % recorded highest B:C ratio of 5.51. The experimental results of the present study predicted that application of nano-fertilizers in conventional system and humic and fulvic acid in organic system will result in increased yield and returns.

3 tables, 16 ref

Effect of organic manures, bio-fertilizers, levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of soybean

DESAI C K, PATEL G J, RANA K N

Effect of surface and sub-surface drip irrigation system on seed cotton in Vertisols of Malaprabha command in Northern Karnataka

NEELAKANTH J K, RAJKUMAR S, GUNDLUR S S, DASAR G V

Productivity, quality, energetics and marginal rate of return of wheat (Triticum spp.) varieties as influenced by zinc and boron application in vertisols of Central India

SHARMA K C, KANTWA S R, SOLANKI K S

002386 SHARMA K C, KANTWA S R, SOLANKI K S (ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indore, Madhya Pradesh) : Productivity, quality, energetics and marginal rate of return of wheat (Triticum spp.) varieties as influenced by zinc and boron application in vertisols of Central India. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 950-5.

The field experiment was conducted for three consecutive years during rabi seasons from 2009-12 at Indore (Madhya Pradesh) to find out the effect of zinc and boron levels on the productivity, quality and economic viability of wheat. Two wheat varieties viz., HI 1544 (Triticum aestivum L.) and HI 8498 (Triticum turgidum ssp. Durum) were tested under three levels each of zinc (0, 5.0 and 10 kg ha^-1 ) and boron (0, 1.0 and 2.0 kg ha^-1 ). Pooled over data of 3 years revealed that the yield performance of bread wheat variety HI 1544 (grain yield 5.69 t ha^-1 ) was significantly higher over durum wheat variety HI 8498. In case of Zn and B application, grain yields recorded with 5.0 kg Zn ha^-1 (5.63 t ha^-1 ) and 1.0 kg B ha^-1 (5.63 t ha^-1 ) were significantly higher to the tune of 6.63 and 5.23 percent, respectively over control and thereafter differences were non-significant. While crude protein (12.9 %) and yellow pigment (4.45 ppm) contents observed with durum wheat variety HI 8498 were significantly higher over bread wheat variety HI 1544. However, SDS (sedimentation) value (37.9 ml) recorded with bread wheat variety HI 1544 was significantly higher over durum wheat variety HI 8498. None of the nutrients viz., Zn and B had significant effect on any of quality traits. Zinc (24.14 and 13.57 mg kg^-1 ) and boron (7.40 and 11.83 mg kg^-1 ) contents recorded in grain and straw of wheat variety HI 8498 were significantly higher over HI 1544. But, total uptakes of Zn and B were more in HI 1544 than HI 8498 due to higher wheat tonnage. Due to synergistic effect of zinc and boron to each other, their contents and uptakes were gradually increased with each increase in nutrients level. Energy relationships values were followed the trend of wheat yields. Whereas, analysis of marginal rate of return showed that application of Zn @ 5.0 kg/ha and B @ 1.0 kg ha^-1 were found safe doses for farmers’ recommendations. On the basis of 3 years study, it may be inferred that bread wheat variety HI 1544 under application of Zn @ 5.0 kg ha^-1 and B @ 1.0 kg ha^-1 holds promise to provide higher wheat productivity in vertisols of Central India.

4 tables, 23 ref

Screening of green gram genotypes for resistance against sucking insect pests

SINGH M, BAIRWA D K, DADRWAL B K, CHAUHAN J

Effect of different organic matter on some physical and chemical properties of soil collected from rice field

TIRKEY A, SINGH R N, ROY R, SUSHMA

Effect of different grafting dates and wrapping materials on increment in length and girth of scion and increment in length and girth of root stock of softwood grafting in custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) cv. GJCA-1 under Saurashtra condition

GOHEL B C, SANANDIA S T, GOHIL M G, RATHOD S D

Effect of rootstocks on graft success, growth and photosynthetic activity in grape varieties (Vitis vinifera L.)

GHULE V S, BHOR V A, ZAGADE P M, SOMKUWAR R G

Effect of different organic sources on growth, yield, yield attributes and economics of summer groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under organic farming

BHUTADIYA J P, CHAUDHARY M G, DAMOR R P, PATEL A J

Effect of various organic sources along with inorganic fertilizers on seed quality attributes at different fruit pickings of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill)

KUMAR R, PAL D, KUMAR A, LAL M, KUMAR A, RAO S

Growth and yield of sunflower as influenced by VAM and phosphorus application

KALAIYARASAN C, SRIRAMACHANDRASEKHARAN M V, JAWAHAR S, SUSEENDRAN K, RAMESH R, RAMESH S, KANAGARAJAN R

Study of farm structure, cropping pattern and cropping intensity on mustard growing sample farms in Lakhimpur (Kheri) district of Uttar Pradesh, India

AHMAD R, CHOUDHRI H P S, VERMA R R, SINGH G P

Extent of adoption of improved sericulture production technologies by farmers of Bidar district of North Karnataka

HADIMANI D K, MANJUNATH, MOULASAB I, ASHOK J

Dissipation and persistence of profenophos in/on tomato

PATIL R V, PATIL C S, SAWANT C G, JADHAV G G

Constraints faced and suggestion by farmers to overcome constraints in adoption of improved sericulture production technologies of Bidar district of North Karnataka

HADIMANI D K, MANJUNATH, MOULASAB I, ASHOK J

Study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for grain yield and yield component traits (Linum usitatissimum L.)

SINGH V K, KERKHI S A, SINGH S P, TOMAR P

002404 SINGH V K, KERKHI S A, SINGH S P, TOMAR P (Genetics and Plant Breeding Dep, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Univ of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh) : Study on genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for grain yield and yield component traits (Linum usitatissimum L.). J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 761-5.

The present investigation was carried out at Crop Research Center (Chirori), Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, during rabi season 2016-17. The experimental material comprised of forty diverse linseed accessions were obtained from Project coordinating unit (Linseed), CSAUA&T, Kanpur. The experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RBD) in three replications, to estimate the relative high magnitude of phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was observed for number of secondary branches per plant, seed yield per plant, number of primary branches per plant and biological yield per plant. Environmental influence was very meager on expression of these characters of the genetic material under study as it was evident by narrow gap between genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. High estimates of genetic advance were observed for only one trait i.e. number of capsules per plant and moderately observed for plant height and harvest index. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for the traits viz., number of secondary branches per plant, number of primary branches per plant, biological yield per plant and seed yield per plant, indicating that heritability may be due to additive gene action and simple selection based on these characters may be effective. High estimates of genetic advance as percentage of means were recorded for number of secondary branches per plant, seed yield per plant, number of primary branches per plant and biological yield per plant.

2 tables, 34 ref

Genetic variability studies in terminal drought tolerant groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

NAGAVENI K, KHAN H

Character association and path analysis in terminal drought tolerant groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes

NAGAVENI K, KHAN H

Study of growth and instability in selected tahsils of Amravati district micro level analysis

INGOLE S B, KHOBARKAR V K, NIKAM Y R, RAUT A

Adoption of rice production practices in different water reaches of canals

BECK S, KHAN M A

Comparison of productivity of rice in different water reaches of canals

BECK S, KHAN M A, SINGH A

Bio-efficacy of bullock drawn solar powered high clearance sprayer

ARAVINDA YADAV K, VEERANGOUDA M, MURALI M, PRAKASH K V, NADAGOUDA S

Response of integrated nutrient management on quality and economics of maize (Zea mays) crop

MISHRA P, TIWARI U S, PANDEY H P, PANDEY S B, KARUSH J

Effect of foliar application of secondary and micronutrients on growth and yield of potato

RAMESH E, JANA J C, CHATTERJEE R, BANIK G C

Studies on interrelationships among yield and yield contributing traits in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum)

SHARMA A, KUMAR M, KUMAR N, DOGRA R K, KUMARI S

Evaluation of the fungicides, botanicals and bioagents against Colletotrichum truncatum causing anthracnose of soybean in pot culture

AGAM M N, RAUT R A, JEJURKAR G B, SABLE S B

Integration of different weed management practices for increasing yield of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn)

KUJUR S, SINGH V K, GUPTA D K, KUMAR S, DAS D, JENA J

Productivity potential and efficiency and economic feasibility of tomato based intercropping systems in solid soilless media under protected condition

PRAMANIK S, SINGH J, GAYEN R

Genetic diversity studies in newly developed early maturing yellow inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.)

CHANDEL U, GULERIA S K

002281 CHANDEL U, GULERIA S K (CSKHPKV, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh) : Genetic diversity studies in newly developed early maturing yellow inbred lines of maize (Zea mays L.). J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 570-5.

The present study was conducted to know the genetic diversity among newly developed early maturing yellow inbred lines of maize during Kharif 2017 at Experimental Farm, SAREC, Kangra. In this experiment, forty one inbred lines and two checks were evaluated and observations were recorded for twelve quantitative traits. Analysis of variance revealed significant difference among all inbred lines. Inbred lines were grouped into nine clusters, indicating the presence of genetic diversity. The genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. Cluster III comprised the maximum genotypes (16) which indicated the genetic similarity among them. The highest inter-cluster distance (29.33) was observed between clusters VIII and IV followed by clusters VII and IV (28.01), clusters IV and IV (24.4), clusters IX and IV (23.86), clusters VIII and II (21.66), clusters VII and II (21.48) and clusters IV and III (20.71), suggesting wider diversity between them and the genotypes in these cluster could be used as parents for maize hybrid development. The maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster III (10.26) and the cluster IV was had the least intra cluster distance (6.96). The mean values of cluster II had relatively less days to anthesis and silking, bold grain size, more number of kernels rows/ear and the maximum yielding ability. Cluster IV also showed more kernel weight and reasonable yielding capacity. Plant height and 1000- kernel weight had the greatest contribution to genetic divergence, whereas, other characters like grain yield per plant, ear height, ear length, tassel length, days to silking, days to anthesis, leaf width, number of rows/ear and ear girth contributed very little for divergence.

1 illus, 6 tables, 26 ref

Effect of vermicompost on soil fertility and the nutritional status of Andrographis paniculata and Euphorbia hirta

KANNIKA M K, YOGESHWARI D, LAKSHMI K N

Influence of plant growth regulators and nutrients on fruit retention, yield and quality attributes of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Amrapali

PARAUHA S, PANDEY S K

002359 PARAUHA S, PANDEY S K (Horticulture Dep, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh) : Influence of plant growth regulators and nutrients on fruit retention, yield and quality attributes of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Amrapali. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2019, 8(2), 550-5.

An investigation was carried-out at fruit research station, Department of Horticulture, JNKVV, Jabalpur during the season of 2014-15 on 5 years old orchard of mango, to evaluate the positive effect of foliar sprays of PGR’ and nutrients on fruiting, yield and quality characteristics in Amrapali mango. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block design in three replications and treatments replicated thrice by using single tree as a units. Each treatment was carried out one tree for each replication. Spraying of combination of nutrients viz., KNO₃ (2 %), urea (2 %), ZnSO₄ (0.8 %) and FeSO₄ (0.4 %) and growth regulators viz., NAA (50 & 25 ppm) and GA₃ (30 & 20 ppm) was compared with control (no spray). The experimental results indicate that the foliar spray of GA₃ 30 ppm + KNO₃ 2 % showed better performance in Higher number of fruits at initial stage (63.81), more fruit retention percentage at harvest stage (1.94 %), fruit yield (14.70 kg/ tree), fruit weight (182.29 g), fruit length(9.91 cm), fruit width (6.90 cm), fruit volume (172.01 ml) and peel weight (31.36 g). Under the treatment T₆ (NAA 50 ppm + KNO₃ 2 %) was recorded significantly maximum pulp weight (105.73 g) which were at par with T₂. However, it was noted minimum in control (T₁₇) and reverse trend was noted in case of stone weight. Significantly minimum stone weight (21.41g) was recorded in treatment T₆ (NAA 50 ppm + KNO₃ 2 %). Biochemical parameter like TSS, Acidity, Ascobic acid, Reducing sugar, Total sugar and Non-reducing sugar were observed. However the chemical composition of fruit viz., maximum TSS (22.05 ⁰Brix), TSS: acid ratio (184.22), Ascorbic acid content (54.33 mg/100g), reducing sugars (6.90 %), total sugars (18.09 %) and minimum acidity content (0.12 %) were recorded with the application of T₁₄ (GA3 30 ppm + KNO₃ 2 %) which was at par with T₁₀(GA3 20 ppm+ KNO₃ 2 %) during the year of experimentation.